EP4011582A1 - Production of mouldings from a hydraulically settable mixture - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for producing shaped bodies (8) from a hydraulically settable mixture (9) comprising the following steps: providing a lattice structure (4); Filling the lattice structure (4) with a hydraulically settable mixture (9) to which an additive is added before filling; and overspraying the outside of the lattice structure (4) with a shotcrete (10).

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing shaped bodies from a hydraulically settable mixture and a system for producing shaped bodies from a hydraulically settable mixture.

There are already various approaches for the production of shaped bodies from hydraulically settable mixtures, in particular from concrete or mortar compositions.

Formwork, in particular, is conventionally used in order to produce shaped bodies from hydraulically settable mixtures. A formwork is positioned at a predefined point, the hydraulically settable mixture is poured into this formwork and then you wait until the mixture sets and thus becomes dimensionally stable. The formwork can then be removed and the same process repeated at an adjacent location. However, this type of method has the disadvantage that a considerable amount of time is required for setting the mixture. In addition, it is a great effort to position the formwork and dismantle it again. Furthermore, the shape of the shaped body cannot be freely selected because the formwork has a standardized shape since it has to be reused several times.

In order to avoid such disadvantages, systems have been proposed which do not require such formwork. So reveals the WO 2019/202156 A1 for example a method for the production of a component from hardenable material, in which individual layers of the hardenable material are laid one on top of the other, and in which reinforcing elements are respectively passed from layer to layer and are incorporated into the building material. This method comes on the one hand without the top described formwork, but on the other hand has the disadvantage that the process of building up in layers is very difficult to control. In particular, the setting of the building material must be set very precisely so that the layers harden quickly enough after application and so that the building material is sufficiently liquid or extrudable to be processed in an applicator. A device for carrying out such a method is therefore structurally very complicated and expensive.

Another example of a prior art solution is in EP 3 431 172 A1 described. In this case, in turn, a building material, in particular concrete or mortar, is printed by means of a layered structure. In particular, two layers can be printed simultaneously on both sides of a reinforcement layer. However, this method also has the disadvantage that very high demands are placed on the system as a result of the building material and its curing behavior having to be controlled and adjusted very precisely.

The object therefore remains to provide a method and a system for the production of shaped bodies which does not have the disadvantages mentioned above. In particular, the method or the system should enable a more cost-effective structure or process, which is also more robust and less susceptible to parameter changes.

This object is initially achieved by a method for producing shaped bodies from a hydraulically settable mixture, the method comprising the steps of: providing a lattice structure; Filling the lattice structure with a hydraulically settable mixture to which an additive is added before filling; and overspraying the outside of the lattice structure with a shotcrete.

First of all, this solution has the advantage that no formwork is required, which means that long waiting times during the construction process can be avoided. In addition, the use of lattice structures instead of formwork ensures greater design freedom with regard to the shape. Lattice structures can be chosen relatively freely in terms of shape, since they are not reused, as is the case with formwork. The lattice structures also form a reinforcement of the finished molding.

Furthermore, the method proposed here has the advantage that the requirements for the hydraulically settable mixture are lower than is the case with printer-like processes. Thanks to the lattice structures, the hydraulically settable mixture does not have to set immediately after it has been applied, but has a support thanks to the lattice structures, which keeps the mixture in shape for the first time after it has been applied. This allows more robust and cost-effective systems to be implemented than would be the case with printer-like processes. In addition, a flow rate of the building material during the manufacturing process is less severely limited than in printer-like processes.

A further advantage can be seen in the fact that reinforcement in the building material can be implemented by using lattice structures. In the case of printer-like processes, such a reinforcement must be added separately, and it is often less easy to integrate it into the molded body.

In order to achieve the object mentioned at the outset, a system for producing shaped bodies from a hydraulically settable mixture is also proposed, the system comprising: at least one lattice structure; a delivery unit for applying the hydraulically settable mixture, which contains an additive; and an application unit for applying shotcrete.

Such a system has the advantage that a system can be made available with relatively simple and mobile means, which can efficiently build up shaped bodies. Since the size of the lattice structures can be freely selected, large machines are not absolutely necessary. A structure of the system can thus be adapted to the respective requirements for the construction process of such shaped bodies.

In addition, such a system enables the formation of a completely mobile structure. For example, the lattice structures can be provided and positioned by a mobile unit, the hydraulically settable mixture can also be provided and applied by a mobile unit, and the application unit for applying the shotcrete can also be formed by a small mobile unit. In this way, great flexibility can be achieved, which makes it possible to cover a large number of applications for the production of such shaped bodies.

The "hydraulically settable mixture" is a mixture containing a hydraulic binder which, in the presence of water, reacts in a hydration reaction to form solid hydrates or hydrate phases. The mixture preferably also contains aggregates, water and optional additives.

The hydraulic binder can, for example, be selected from mineral and/or organic binders. For example, the binder comprises cement, lime, hydraulic lime or gypsum, each alone, as a mixture of several of the binders mentioned or in a mixture with latently hydraulic binders and/or pozzolanes. Aggregates are present in particular in the form of sand, gravel and/or aggregates. Organic binders can be epoxy or polyurethane-based binders, for example.

The hydraulically settable mixture is particularly preferably a concrete composition or a mortar composition.

An "additive" is in particular a substance which is able to change the physical and/or chemical properties of the hydraulically settable mixture. It is preferably a setting accelerator, hardening accelerator and/or a thickener (stabilizer).

In the present case, a “flow-influencing element” is understood to mean a body which protrudes into the cavity and influences the flow of the hydraulically settable mixture flowing through the cavity. The influencing can take place in particular in the form of an at least partial change in the direction of flow of the mixture and/or an at least partial separation of the mixture into partial flows.

The addition "static" means that the flow-influencing element is fixed immovably to the device and is not moved while the hydraulically settable mixture is being passed through.

In an exemplary embodiment, the additive comprises a setting accelerator.

The admixture of such a setting accelerator has the advantage that the hydraulically settable mixture can initially be stored or kept ready without this setting accelerator, in order then to have a changed setting property after the setting accelerator has been added, so that the hydraulically settable mixture after its application in the lattice structure sets faster. As a result, a production process for the shaped bodies can be made more efficient, and it can also be ensured that the hydraulically settable mixture does not flow out through the meshes of the lattice structure.

In an exemplary embodiment, the hydraulically settable mixture is a concrete composition or a mortar composition.

In an exemplary development, the concrete composition has a cement content of 350 to 500 kg/m3, preferably 380 to 470 kg/m3, particularly preferably 400 to 450 kg/m3.

In an exemplary development, the concrete composition has an aggregate with a maximum grain size of 20 mm, preferably 15 mm, particularly preferably 10 mm.

In an exemplary development, the concrete composition has a water/cement ratio of less than 0.60, preferably less than 0.55, particularly preferably less than 0.50.

In an exemplary embodiment, the additive is mixed in when the hydraulically settable mixture is provided during filling. In particular, the additive is added in a concrete plant or in a truck mixer.

In an exemplary development with such an admixture of the additive, the additive is a thickener (stabilizer).

In an alternative exemplary embodiment, the hydraulically settable mixture is conveyed through a line during filling, with the additive being admixed to the hydraulically settable mixture on a section of this line.

The introduction of the additive on a section of the line has the advantage that it changes a property of the settable mixture shortly before it is discharged can be changed. Thus, a property for the storage or provision of the mixture can be selected differently than a property after its application.

In an exemplary embodiment, this section includes a tubular cavity for conducting the hydraulically settable mixture along an intended flow direction, with a static flow-influencing element protruding into the cavity, at which there is an opening opening into the cavity for introducing the additive.

The provision of such a flow-influencing element in this section has the advantage that mixing of the additive with the hydraulically settable mixture can be greatly improved by turbulence being generated in a flow path of the mixture thanks to the static flow-influencing element.

In an exemplary embodiment, there are at least two, in particular at least three, particularly preferably at least four, flow-influencing elements spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction of the cavity on this section, with the at least two flow-influencing elements preferably protruding into the cavity from different radial directions.

The provision of a plurality of such flow-influencing elements ensures that the additive can be mixed as completely as possible with the hydraulically settable mixture.

The tubular cavity for conducting the hydraulically settable mixture is preferably in the form of a circular cylinder. However, other shapes are also possible. Thus, the tubular cavity can also have a non-circular or non-round cross-section.

Particularly preferably, in the area of the flow-influencing element, on an outside of the section, there is a fluid inlet communicating with the opening for introducing the additive, via which the additive can be supplied. The section can thus be connected directly to a conveying device for the additive.

According to another embodiment, however, it is also possible to provide the fluid inlet in another area and to route it to the flow-influencing element via a fluid line.

The opening leading into the cavity is preferably designed in such a way that the additive can be introduced into the cavity at a distance from a wall of the cavity. In particular, a distance between the wall and the opening is 25-70%, in particular 35-50%, of the diameter of the tubular cavity.

In this way, the additive can be introduced directly into the inner region of the hydraulically settable mixture that is passed through, which leads to particularly effective mixing.

In particular, the opening opening into the cavity is designed in such a way that the additive can be introduced into the cavity in a direction essentially along the longitudinal axis of the tubular cavity or at an angle thereto. In particular, the additive is introduced in a direction which has an angle of 0-45°, in particular 15-30°, to the longitudinal axis of the cavity. The additive can thus be added in the direction of flow or slightly obliquely, which has proven to be advantageous with regard to the fastest possible homogeneous distribution.

The opening leading into the cavity is preferably designed in such a way that the additive can be introduced into the cavity on a downstream side of the flow-influencing element. In other words, the opening opening into the cavity is preferably present on the downstream side of the flow-influencing element. In this way, on the one hand, it can be prevented that the hydraulically settable mixture is pressed into the opening as it is being conveyed through, and at the same time the pressure which is required for conveying the additive can be minimized.

However, it is also possible to arrange the opening opening into the cavity to the side of the flow-influencing element and/or in an upstream area.

If required, several openings can also be arranged in different areas of the flow-influencing element.

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the flow-influencing element is designed as a cylindrical socket, which protrudes into the cavity with its longitudinal axis in a direction essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cavity or in the radial direction of the cavity. In particular, the opening leading into the cavity is present on the end face and/or the lateral surface of the cylindrical connecting piece. An arrangement in a downstream region of the lateral surface is particularly preferred.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the flow-influencing element is designed in such a way that it continuously protrudes further into the cavity along its length running in the longitudinal direction of the cavity, in particular in the direction of flow.

In particular, the flow-influencing element has a leading edge running from the upstream end to the downstream end at an angle to the direction of flow into the cavity. This has proven to be particularly advantageous with regard to the mixing effect. In addition, the risk of clogging is significantly reduced.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the flow-influencing element is designed as a fin, in particular as a triangular fin. A "fin" is understood to mean, in particular, a flat element which has a small thickness compared to the length and the height. The thickness is preferably at most 25% of the length or the width.

The fin preferably has a leading edge and an opposite trailing edge which are connected via two side surfaces, in particular two triangular side surfaces.

The fin is preferably a triangular fin. Such fins can, for example, be in the form of a flat right-angled triangle. One or more corners can be rounded and/or one or edges can be curved.

A triangular fin is arranged in particular in such a way that one of its tips protrudes into the cavity, while a side of the fin opposite the tip is arranged on the wall of the cavity.

In principle, however, differently shaped fins can also be used.

In the region of the wall of the cavity, the fin is preferably aligned along the longitudinal axis of the cavity or it has an acute angle of 0-15°, in particular 1-10°, relative to the longitudinal axis of the cavity. With this, the hydraulically settable mixture can be used with the fin be split locally. At the same time, the risk of clogging in the fin area is greatly reduced.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the fin is inclined to a longitudinal axis of the cavity, so that the side surfaces of the fin are inclined to the longitudinal axis of the cavity. The inclination is preferably 0-15°, in particular 1-10°. This can further improve the mixing effect.

It has also proven to be advantageous if the fin is curved, in particular in such a way that the first side surface is configured as a concave surface and the second side surface is configured as a convex side surface.

The leading edge of the fin preferably has an angle of 20-60° to the longitudinal axis of the cavity and/or the trailing edge has an angle of 80-90° to the longitudinal axis of the cavity.

The opening for introducing the additive is preferably arranged on the trailing edge of the fin.

A cross-sectional area in the cavity of the section, without considering the flow-influencing element or elements, is preferably 100-1500 cm2, in particular 500-1200 cm2, especially 600-800 cm2 or approx. 706 cm2. A diameter of the cavity at the widest point is preferably 50-300 mm, in particular 80-250 mm, in particular 120-180 mm or 150 mm.

Preferably, the upstream side and/or downstream side portion has connecting members. The connecting elements are preferred for connecting to pipelines and/or for connecting several Sections designed with each other. The connecting elements can be present, for example, in the form of flanges, clamps and/or elements of screw connections.

According to an advantageous embodiment, there are at least two, in particular at least three, particularly preferably at least four, flow-influencing elements spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction of the cavity. Each of the flow-influencing elements is preferably a fin, in particular a triangular fin, in particular an inclined and/or curved fin, as described above.

The mixing effect can be significantly increased by several flow-influencing elements connected in series.

The at least two flow-influencing elements preferably protrude into the cavity from different radial directions.

The radial directions of the at least two flow-influencing elements are preferably at an angle of 360°/(number of flow-influencing elements) to one another. In the case of two flow-influencing elements, the angle is in particular 180°, in the case of three flow-influencing elements it is 120° and in the case of four flow-influencing elements it is 90°.

In particular, the section comprises at least two, in particular at least three, preferably at least four, individual sections that can be releasably connected to one another, as described above. The sections are designed in such a way that in the connected state they communicate with one another with their tubular cavities.

In an exemplary embodiment, a further pipe section is arranged on the downstream side and/or on the upstream side of the section, this further pipe section having, at least in one area, a free internal cross-section which is smaller than the internal cross-section of the cavity of the section.

The free internal cross-section in the further pipe section at the narrowest point is preferably smaller by a factor of 0.2-0.8, in particular 0.3-0.5, compared with the cross-sectional area in the cavity of the section, without taking into account the element(s) influencing the flow. A diameter of the further tube section at the narrowest point is preferably smaller by a factor of 0.4-0.9, in particular 0.5-0.7, in comparison with the cross-sectional area in the cavity of the section.

A cross-sectional area in the further pipe section at the narrowest point is preferably 100-600 cm2, in particular 200-400 cm2, in particular 300-350 cm2 or approx. 314 cm2. A diameter of the further pipe section at the narrowest point is preferably 30-300 mm, in particular 50-200 mm, in particular 80-120 mm or 100 mm.

A further pipe section which tapers in the direction of flow with respect to the free internal cross section is preferably connected to the downstream side. In particular, the free inner cross-section in the further tube section tapers conically.

It has been shown that the mixing effect can be further increased by the combination of the section with the further tapering pipe section, so that a more homogeneous distribution of the additive is achieved more quickly or within a shorter distance.

The free internal cross-section in the further tapering pipe section preferably decreases by a factor of 0.2-0.8, in particular 0.3-0.5, in particular over a length of 0.25-2 m, preferably 0.5-1.5 m additional mixing of the additive can be achieved. On the other hand, the risk of clogging can be kept low.

Furthermore, it is preferred if at the same time a second further pipe section, which tapers in terms of the internal cross section counter to the direction of flow, is connected to the upstream side, with the second pipe section preferably tapering in a step-like manner. With regard to cross section and diameter, the second tube section is preferably dimensioned as described above.

As a result, the volume flow flowing into the section is limited, so that the risk of blockages in the area of the flow-influencing elements can be reduced.

When spraying over the outside of the lattice structure, a shotcrete is used.

In an exemplary development, the shotcrete has a cement content of 360 to 510 kg/m3, preferably 400 to 470 kg/m3, particularly preferably 420 to 450 kg/m3.

In an exemplary further development, the shotcrete has an aggregate with a maximum grain size of 8 mm, preferably 6 mm, particularly preferably 4 mm.

In an exemplary development, the concrete composition has a water/cement ratio of less than 0.60, preferably less than 0.55, particularly preferably less than 0.50.

In an exemplary embodiment, the lattice structure comprises two interconnected lattice mats.

In an exemplary embodiment, the two grid mats are connected to one another in such a way that they run essentially parallel to one another.

In an exemplary embodiment, the grid mats are designed to be essentially planar or essentially wavy or essentially uneven.

In an exemplary embodiment, the distance between the two grid mats is between 5 and 100 cm, preferably between 10 and 80 cm, particularly preferably between 15 and 50 cm.

In an exemplary embodiment, the bars of the grid mats are aligned substantially horizontally and vertically, with the bars forming a grid.

In an alternative embodiment, the rods of the grid mats are aligned substantially diagonally to a horizontal and a vertical direction, with the rods forming a grid.

In an exemplary embodiment, a plurality of prefabricated lattice structures are provided when the lattice structure is provided, the method comprising an additional step: connecting the plurality of lattice structures to one another; wherein the multiple lattice structures are filled and overmolded.

Such provision of a plurality of lattice structures has the advantage that greater freedom for the shaping of the shaped body can be achieved in that individual lattice structures can be added as desired.

In addition, the provision of prefabricated lattice structures has the advantage that no robots are required to produce the lattice structures, so that the entire method can be accomplished using smaller and more mobile units.

In an alternative embodiment, when the lattice structure is provided, the lattice structure is created at a filling location, in particular by a robot.

On the other hand, this alternative method offers the advantage that the lattice structures do not have to be prefabricated and therefore do not have to be transported to a filling location.

In an exemplary embodiment, when the lattice structure is filled, the hydraulically settable mixture is introduced into an area between the two lattice mats of the lattice structure.

The hydraulically settable mixture can be introduced between the grid mats, for example, from above or from one side.

In an alternative exemplary embodiment, when the lattice structure is being filled, the hydraulically settable mixture is introduced through a lattice of a lattice mat of the lattice structure.

In an exemplary development, a hold-open element is arranged on a lattice mat opposite the filling point of the hydraulically settable mixture during the filling process, so that the hydraulically settable mixture introduced laterally into the lattice structure is prevented from exiting the lattice structure on an opposite side.

When filling, filling between the grid mats can also be combined with filling through the grid of a grid mat. In particular, the filling location can be changed during the filling process.

In an exemplary embodiment, the delivery unit comprises a line for the hydraulically settable mixture, with the additive being admixed to the hydraulically settable mixture on a section of this line.

In an exemplary embodiment, a section of this line includes a tubular cavity for conducting the hydraulically settable mixture along an intended flow direction, with a static flow-influencing element protruding into the cavity, at which there is an opening opening into the cavity for introducing the additive.

In an exemplary embodiment, the system also includes a positioning unit that can arrange the lattice structure at a filling location at which the delivery unit can apply the hydraulically settable mixture into the lattice structure.

In an exemplary development, the positioning unit includes a crane.

In an exemplary development, the positioning unit also includes a loading area for storing and/or transporting lattice structures.

In an exemplary development, the positioning unit is designed in particular as a truck.

In an exemplary embodiment, the delivery unit includes a tank for the hydraulically settable mixture and a line.

In an exemplary embodiment, the line is routed through a movable arm, in particular a crane-like arm.

In an exemplary embodiment, the conveying device is designed as a tanker truck or as a truck.

In an exemplary embodiment, the application unit includes a mobile pump and tank device.

In an exemplary embodiment, the application unit also includes a movable line.

In an exemplary development, the movable line is designed as a flexible hose, which is designed to be movable, in particular, by an application technician.

Fig. 1

ein beispielhaftes System zur Herstellung von Formkörpern aus einem hydraulisch abbindbaren Gemisch;

Fig. 2a bis 2c

eine schematische und beispielhafte Darstellung eines Verfahrens zur Herstellung von Formkörpern aus einem hydraulisch abbindbaren Gemisch; und

Fig. 3a und 3b

eine schematische und beispielhafte Darstellung eines Abschnitts einer Leitung, auf welchem dem hydraulisch abbindbaren Gemisch ein Zusatzmittel beigemischt werden kann.

Various exemplary embodiments are listed below, which are intended to explain the invention described in more detail. Of course, the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described. To explain the exemplary embodiments, the following drawings are available, which show:

1

an exemplary system for the production of shaped bodies from a hydraulically settable mixture;

Figures 2a to 2c

a schematic and exemplary representation of a method for producing shaped bodies from a hydraulically settable mixture; and

Figures 3a and 3b

a schematic and exemplary representation of a section of a line on which the hydraulically settable mixture an additive can be mixed.

In 1 a system 1 for the production of shaped bodies 8 from a hydraulically settable mixture is shown as an example and schematically. In this exemplary embodiment, the system 1 comprises a plurality of lattice structures 4, which can be arranged by a positioning unit 5 at a location for filling with the hydraulically settable mixture. In this exemplary embodiment, the positioning unit 5 is designed as a truck with a crane structure.

The system 1 also includes a conveyor unit 2 for applying the settable mixture. The delivery unit 2 includes a tank and a crane arm 7 for positioning the line 6 . As a result, the hydraulically settable mixture can be delivered from the tank via the line 6 into the lattice structures 4 .

The system 1 also includes an application unit 3 for applying shotcrete. In this exemplary embodiment, the application unit 3 is designed as a compact mobile unit which can be operated by an application technician. The application technician can direct a spray head of the application unit 3 to a desired location.

In this exemplary embodiment, a plurality of lattice structures 4 are connected to one another at the point of filling with the hydraulically settable mixture, filled and sprayed over. As a result, a shaped body 8 of any desired size can be constructed.

In the Figures 2a to 2c a method for producing shaped bodies 8 from a hydraulically settable mixture 9 is shown schematically and by way of example.

In Figure 2a it can be seen that first a lattice structure 4 is provided. In this figure, the line 6 and a crane arm 7 for positioning the line 6 can also be seen, which are then used for the filling process of the lattice structure.

In Figure 2b the filling of the lattice structure 4 with the hydraulically settable mixture 9 is now shown schematically. In this exemplary embodiment, the line 6 is positioned over the lattice structure 4 in such a way that the hydraulically settable mixture 9 can be introduced between the lattice mats of the lattice structure 4 .

In Figure 2c the overspraying of the outer sides of the lattice structure 4 with a shotcrete 10 is then shown schematically and by way of example. In this case, the shotcrete 10 is applied by an application technician to the outside of the lattice structure 4, which is filled with the hydraulically settable mixture 9. This finally creates the shaped body 8.

Figure 3a shows an arrangement with a section 100 for admixing the additive into the hydraulically settable mixture 9 in a schematic representation. A flow-influencing element 150 is arranged in section 100, and a fluid inlet 140 is located in the vicinity of this flow-influencing element 150. In this illustration, the opening for injecting the additive on section 100 is not visible.

Connected to the downstream end 110 of the section 100 is a pipe section 200 that tapers conically in the direction of flow 133 with respect to the free internal cross section. The pipe section 200 has a length of 1 m, for example. In the area of its upstream end, the inner diameter of the pipe section 200 corresponds to the diameter 132 of the cavity 130 of the device 100 of approx. 150 mm, while the inner diameter of the pipe section in the narrowest area or in the area of its downstream end is about 100 mm.

Furthermore, a second pipe section 300 is connected to the upstream end 120 of the device 100 , which tapers in a stepped manner counter to the direction of flow 133 . In the region of its end connected to the device 100 the inside diameter of the tube section 300 corresponds to the diameter 132 of the cavity 130 of the device 100 of approximately 150 mm, while the inside diameter of the tube section 300 in the tapered region or in the region of its upstream end is approximately 100 mm.

In Figure 3b the section 100 is shown schematically and by way of example. In this exemplary embodiment, the section 100 is in the form of a circular-cylindrical tube section with a circular-cylindrical cavity 130 through which a hydraulically settable mixture can be passed along a longitudinal axis that corresponds to the intended direction of flow 133 . At the downstream end 110 there is a first annular mounting flange while at the upstream end 120 there is a second annular mounting flange. Section 100 can be connected to other tubular elements via the flanges.

A triangular and curved fin 150 protrudes from the inner wall of section 100 as a flow-influencing element into cavity 130. At the downstream rear edge 150c of fin 150 there is an opening 160 opening into cavity 130 for introducing an additive.

The additive can be routed from the outside to the opening 160 via a fluid inlet 140 in the area of the fin 150 and a fluid channel running through the fin 150 .

Reference List

1

system

2

conveyor unit

3

application unit

4

lattice structure

5

positioning unit

6

Management

7

crane arm

8th

molding

9

hydraulically settable mixture

10

shotcrete

100

section of the line

110

downstream end

120

upstream end

130

cavity

133

flow direction

140

fluid inlet

150

flow-influencing element

150c

downstream trailing edge

160

opening

200

downstream section

300

upstream section

Claims (15)

Process for producing shaped bodies (8) from a hydraulically settable mixture (9), the process comprising the steps: providing at least one lattice structure (4); Filling the lattice structure (4) with a hydraulically settable mixture (9) to which an additive is mixed before filling; and Spraying over the outside of the lattice structure (4) with a shotcrete (10). Method according to Claim 1, in which the additive comprises a setting accelerator and/or in which the hydraulically settable mixture (9) is a concrete composition or a mortar composition. Method according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein during filling the hydraulically settable mixture (9) is conveyed through a line (6), the additive being admixed to the hydraulically settable mixture (9) on a section (100) of this line. Method according to claim 3, wherein this section (100) comprises a tubular cavity (130) for conducting the hydraulically settable mixture (9) along an intended flow direction (133), a static flow-influencing element (150) protruding into the cavity (130). , at which there is an opening (160) opening into the cavity (130) for introducing the additive. Method according to claim 4, wherein on this section (100) there are at least two, in particular at least three, particularly preferably at least four, flow-influencing elements (150) spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction of the cavity (130), the at least two preferably flow-influencing elements (150) protrude from different radial directions into the cavity (130). Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the lattice structure (4) comprises two interconnected lattice mats. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein when the lattice structure (4) is provided, a plurality of prefabricated lattice structures (4) are provided, the method comprising an additional step: connecting the plurality of lattice structures (4) to one another; wherein the multiple lattice structures (4) are filled and overmolded. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein when filling the lattice structure (4), the hydraulically settable mixture (9) is introduced through a lattice of a lattice mat of the lattice structure (4). System (1) for producing shaped bodies (8) from a hydraulically settable mixture (9), the system (1) comprising: at least one lattice structure (4); a delivery unit (2) for applying the hydraulically settable mixture (9), which contains an additive; and an application unit (3) for applying shotcrete (10). System (1) according to Claim 9, in which the conveying unit (2) comprises a line (6) for the hydraulically settable mixture (9), the additive being on a section (100) of this line (6) in the hydraulically settable mixture (9). is added. System (1) according to claim 10, wherein the section (100) of this line (6) has a tubular cavity (130) for the passage of the hydraulically settable Mixture (9) along an intended flow direction (133), wherein a static flow-influencing element (150) protrudes into the cavity (130), at which there is an opening (160) opening into the cavity (130) for introducing the additive. System (1) according to one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the system (1) further comprises a positioning unit (5) which can arrange the lattice structure (4) at a filling location at which the delivery unit (2) delivers the hydraulically settable mixture ( 9) can be applied to the lattice structure (4). System (1) according to claim 12, wherein the positioning unit (5) comprises a crane and optionally a loading area for storing and/or transporting lattice structures (4), and wherein the positioning unit (5) is designed in particular as a truck. System (1) according to one of Claims 9 to 13, in which the conveying device (2) has a tank for the hydraulically settable mixture (9) and a line (6), in particular a line (6) guided by a movable arm (7), includes. System (1) according to any one of claims 9 to 14, wherein the application unit (3) comprises a mobile pump and tank device and/or a movable line.

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