EP4010965A1 - Elektromotor mit einem luftleitelement - Google Patents
Elektromotor mit einem luftleitelementInfo
- Publication number
- EP4010965A1 EP4010965A1 EP20746613.7A EP20746613A EP4010965A1 EP 4010965 A1 EP4010965 A1 EP 4010965A1 EP 20746613 A EP20746613 A EP 20746613A EP 4010965 A1 EP4010965 A1 EP 4010965A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rotor
- electric motor
- section
- radially
- air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/08—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by gaseous cooling medium circulating wholly within the machine casing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/02—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
- H02K9/04—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
- H02K5/207—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium with openings in the casing specially adapted for ambient air
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/18—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with ribs or fins for improving heat transfer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/22—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by solid heat conducting material embedded in, or arranged in contact with, the stator or rotor, e.g. heat bridges
- H02K9/227—Heat sinks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/02—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
- H02K9/04—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
- H02K9/06—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium with fans or impellers driven by the machine shaft
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
- H02K9/197—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil in which the rotor or stator space is fluid-tight, e.g. to provide for different cooling media for rotor and stator
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electric motor with an air guide element according to the preamble of patent claim 1, as has become known, for example, from EP 1 642230 B1.
- Electric motors have long been known in a wide variety of practical applications.
- ohmic losses, eddy currents and periodic magnetization processes cause heat losses, which thermally load the components of a motor and which limit the permanently available power and the efficiency of a motor.
- Specific measures are therefore required to dissipate this heat loss and to limit a maximum operating temperature of electric motors.
- Air cooling open to the environment is even with the use of air filters for such vehicle drive motors due to the existing risk of contamination and a consequent failure of the Electric motor and the drive system is not a preferred solution.
- Drive motors are therefore often designed with a closed housing, so that an active exchange of air in the form of a cooling air flow with the environment is not possible.
- the efficiency is essentially determined by the permanent magnets arranged in the rotor, the magnetization of which falls as the temperature rises, which in turn reduces the power of the drive.
- the rotor end faces, in particular on an interconnection side of the stator winding can be heated by means of thermal radiation and convection.
- the rotor generates an air flow through its rotation, which benefits the heat from an end winding directly to the permanent magnets.
- the permanent magnets usually have a lower temperature than the end winding.
- the permanent magnets also have a low thermal load capacity, which means that they demagnetize at high temperatures and thus permanently impair the performance of the electric motor.
- the invention has the object of specifying an electric motor with an improved kuh treatment of the end windings of the stator.
- an air guide element is provided between an end wall of the hous ses and an end face of the rotor which, when the rotor rotates, can specifically influence an air flow circulating within the electric motor in this area and which can break open the vortices and convection rollers mentioned.
- the air guiding element is fixed to the housing and comprises a first section which is disc-shaped around the axis and is axially spaced from the end wall and which extends in the radial direction to the end wall.
- the air guide element further comprises a second section which is tubular around the axis of rotation A of the rotor and which adjoins the first section radially on the inside and which extends in the direction of the end face of the rotor.
- the formation of the suction area has the effect that the rotor can specifically suck in air from axially more distant areas than previously, in particular areas close to the end wall of the housing, transport it to the rotor and accelerate it radially along the end face of the rotor.
- the radially outwardly guided on the rotor and heated by the winding heads air felt in the area of the winding heads of the Sta tor a suction or a negative pressure, which emanates from the radially outer Be rich of the heat exchange area and in which the air comparatively higher temperature rer radially can enter outside and in the air duct to the radially inward ge leads.
- the air When flowing past the end wall of the housing, the air can at least release part of the absorbed heat to the housing, in particular to the axially adjacent end wall, cool down and then enter the radially inner suction area at a lower temperature. On In this way there is constant circulation of air in an end-face rotor area, releasing an amount of heat lost by the electric motor, and a temperature rise at the end windings can be limited.
- the first and the second section of the air guiding element are preferably formed circumferentially closed around the axis of rotation of the rotor to achieve effective cooling.
- the air guide element can either be fixed on the housing, for example on the peripheral wall in order or on the end wall or on a part connected to the housing.
- the structures and fastening means required for this can preferably be selected so that they do not or only insignificantly influence a circulating air flow. Inexpensive snap-in connections are ideal for simple assembly.
- the axial distance between the first, disk-shaped section of the air guiding element and the end wall depends on the specific design of the electric motor. This distance can be set or optimized by means of experiments in such a way that a corresponding cooling effect can be felt in the entire or only in a predetermined speed range of the rotor. Too large or too small a distance can impair the cooling effect.
- the air guide element is arranged with the second section radially inside the winding head and axially overlaps with the winding head. In this way, the air guiding element is brought axially directly up to the rotor and it is ensured that the air flow pushing radially outwards encompasses the winding area of the stator as completely as possible.
- the air guiding element can have a third section, which is disc-shaped and which adjoins the second section radially on the inside and which extends radially outward at an axial distance from the front surface of the rotor.
- a specifically guided and radially outwardly directed air flow can take place on the end face of the rotor, which air flow initially covers the end face of the rotor and cools and then can pass through the winding head adjacent thereto.
- the axial distance between the third section and the end wall of the rotor can in turn be optimized through experiments in order to achieve the highest possible cooling effect of the end windings of the stator winding as a function of a speed or a speed range.
- the air guide element can be formed from an insulation material, in particular a temperature-resistant plastic.
- Manufacture from plastic has the advantage that, above all, the clearances from the end winding to the housing are not reduced.
- the air guiding element is preferably also fastened by means of plastic elements, so that under certain circumstances the creepage distance can also in some cases even increase compared to a simple housing wall.
- the third, disk-shaped section of the air guiding element can form a thermal barrier for the elements of the electric motor located in the direction of the front wall and reliably protect these elements from an undesired rise in temperature.
- the electric motor can be designed as a permanently excited internal rotor machine.
- the rotor can have several circumferentially spaced and axially extending permanent magnets, which are located radially within the stator winding and the end windings.
- the magnets or magnet sections arranged on the end faces of the rotor are located in the heat transfer area of a winding head and can absorb radiant heat from them under an undesired temperature increase. Due to the design of the air guiding element, the comparatively colder air sucked in by means of the suction area can first cool the radially inner magnets or a front cover plate that is in thermal contact with them and then cool the radially further outward winding heads.
- the thermal load on the magnets caused by the winding overhangs can thus be reduced noticeably.
- the axial temperature distribution within the magnets that is, over the axial extent of the rotor, can be homogenized.
- the electric motor can be designed as an asynchronous machine, the rotor having a short-circuit ring on the end face, which is located radially inside the stator winding and the end windings.
- An asynchronous machine usually has a bar winding introduced into grooves in the rotor, the individual bar conductors on the rotor being connected at the end with a short-circuit ring, in particular being cast or welded.
- the short-circuit ring of an asynchronous machine can also be effectively cooled or protected from undesired overheating by the proposed air guide element.
- the stator has an interconnection device for interconnecting the stator winding.
- This interconnection device can preferably be arranged radially inside a winding head and located axially between the first section and the second section and radially at least partially within the third section.
- the interconnection device can comprise a plurality of ring-shaped or ring-segment-shaped conductors with a comparatively high current-carrying capacity compared to individual conductors of the stator winding, which are also subjected to high thermal loads.
- the proposed arrangement of the interconnection device can have the effect that the rotor is at least partially shielded from any heat radiated by it.
- the interconnection device is in this way enclosed in a U-shape by the air guiding element. The resulting thermal load on the rotor can thus be limited.
- a further improvement in the cooling effect by the air guide element can be achieved by the end wall having an axially extending in the direction of the rotor bearing flange for mounting a rotor shaft.
- the suction area is formed between the second section and the bearing flange and, on the other hand, the air flowing there can also give a further amount of heat to the bearing flange and cool it down even further.
- the end wall of the housing can have, in particular, radially running cooling ribs on the inside.
- cooling ribs can be formed on the end wall on the outside opposite the air guiding element. Overall, the surface and the heat exchange can be increased by such cooling fins.
- the cooling effect can be further improved by an active cooling device of the electric motor, i.e. by forced cooling.
- the electric motor can have a closed fluid cooling circuit with a heat exchanger and the housing can have cooling channels for guiding a cooling fluid.
- the requireddeka channels can run in or on the peripheral wall of the housing, wherein the heat absorbed by the end wall is first transported by conduction into the area of the peripheral wall and passed there to the cooling fluid.
- the cooling channels can also be designed in or on the end wall, i.e. as end wall cooling and / or in the area of a bearing flange, so that even more effective heat dissipation from the electric motor is possible.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic axial sectional view of an electric motor designed as a permanently excited synchronous machine with an air guide element
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of an air flow formed in the housing of the electric motor between the housing wall and the rotor end face under the influence of the Heilleitele element;
- FIG 3 shows a schematic partial illustration of an electric motor designed as an asynchronous machine with an air guide element.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an electric motor 100 designed as a permanently excited synchronous machine in internal rotor design.
- the electric motor 100 is provided as a travel drive in an electric or hybrid vehicle.
- the electric motor 100 comprises a stator 103 fixed on a stator carrier 102 with a stator winding 105 arranged on a stator core 103a.
- At the end of the stator 103 there are winding heads 105a, b axially beyond a stator core 103a.
- the stator winding is designed as a hairpin winding and comprises conductor elements 105c inserted into stator slots and designed as hairpins.
- the individual conductor elements 105c are connected to one end of the electric motor 100 at contact points 105d by welding or soldering the free ends together to form a plurality of coils.
- the coils are in turn connected in a predetermined manner by means of an interconnection device 107 with a plurality of ring or ring segment-shaped connecting conductors in accordance with the intended number of phases and a predetermined type of interconnection.
- the interconnection device 107 can also be connected or connected to an energy source, for example a drive accumulator or a generator, by means of connecting conductors (not shown in the drawing).
- the electric motor 100 further comprises a rotor 104 rotatable about an axis A and a housing 101, which the stator 103 and the rotor 104 with a peripheral wall 101a and with two end walls 101b; 101c surrounds.
- the housing 101 is at least partially formed by the stator carrier 102 in the present case.
- the end walls 101 b; 101 c each have a bearing flange 122 a, b, which extends axially in the direction of the rotor 104, for supporting a rotor shaft 108.
- a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart and axially extending permanent magnets 104c are used in pockets within the rotor 104, which are thus radially within the stator winding 105 and the end windings 105a, 105b.
- the permanent magnets 104c are thermally influenced in their axial end regions by a heat radiation emitted by the end windings 105a, b and can heat up compared to an axially intermediate region, that is to say assume a higher temperature.
- an air guide element 106 can also be seen, which is arranged axially between the end wall 101b and an end face 104a of the rotor 104 and wel ches an air flow circulating within the electric machine 100 specifically to enable a cooling effect on the rotor 104 and can affect the stator 103.
- the air guide element 106 is made of an insulation material, preferably a plastic, for example a thermoplastic or duroplastic that is thermally stable under operating conditions and generally has an outer circumferential side open have an approximately donut-shaped or toroidal structure.
- the air guide element 106 is fixed in front of lying by means of plastic elements on the end wall 101 b and on the bearing flange 122 a, which are not shown in the drawing.
- the air guide element 106 has a first section 106a which is designed in the form of a disk around the axis A and is axially spaced from the end wall 101b and which extends in the radial direction to the end wall 101b. As can be seen in FIGS. 1, 2, the axial distance of the first section 106a to the end wall 101b is comparatively small compared to its axial distance to the end face 104a of the rotor 104.
- the air guiding element 106 has a second section 106b, the is tubular around the axis A and which connects radially inwardly to the first section 106a and which extends in the direction of the end face 104a of the rotor 104.
- the air guiding element 106 forms an air duct 120 with a heat exchange area 120a located between the first section 106a and the end wall 101b and a suction area 120b running within the second section 106b.
- the suction region 120b runs between the second section 106a and the bearing flange 122a.
- the air guiding element 106 also has a third section 106c, which is designed in the form of a disk and which adjoins the second section 106b radially on the inside and which extends radially outward at an axial distance from the end face 104a of the rotor 104.
- the air guiding element 106 with the second section 106a is arranged radially within the winding head 105a and axially overlaps with the winding head 105a. It can also be seen that the interconnection device 107 is arranged radially inside a winding head 105a and that it is located axially between the first section 106a and the second section 106b and extends radially at least partially inside the third section 106c.
- Fig. 2 shows a section of the electric motor in a schematic representation with the previously explained air guide element 106, which is located in the housing 101 between the end wall 101b designed as a bearing plate with the bearing flange 122a on the one hand and on the other hand, the rotor end face 104a is arranged.
- the air guide element 106 is slightly modified compared to the illustration in FIG. 1 and has an approximately conical bridge section 106d between the first section 106a and the second section 106b, and between the second section 106b and the third section 106c.
- the bridge sections 106d can be designed differently in terms of their size and depending on the specific circumstances. In FIG. 1, the bridge sections 106d can only be seen as rounded transitions.
- Fastening means for arranging the air guide element 106 are not shown in FIG. The direction of flow of an air flow formed there under the influence of the air guide element 106 is indicated by the arrows.
- This flow is driven by a rotation of the rotor 104, air being sucked in from the area close to the end wall 101b via the bearing flange 122a to the rotor 104 by means of the heat exchange area 120a and by means of the suction area 120b.
- This air has a comparatively lower temperature due to a heat exchange with the end wall 101b and the bearing flange 122a and is accelerated radially outward in an acceleration region 120c of the air duct 120 on the end face 104a.
- the air flowing past can cool the permanent magnets 104c located on the Ro tor 104 and heated during operation on the front side.
- the cooling in this area can have an effect on the mean value of the temperature distribution along the entire axial extent of the permanent magnet 104c. This average temperature value can be reduced by up to 5K.
- the air flow breaks off on an outer circumferential surface 104d of the rotor 104 and forms a radially outwardly dissolving vortex, which can pass through the winding head 105a further radially outward and thereby also cools the winding head 105a and the heated air in this area takes away.
- the temperature of the winding head 105a can be reduced by approx. 1 K in this case.
- the air flow then senses a suction as a result of the negative pressure in the air duct 120 and can re-enter the radially outer region of the air guiding element 106. This flow circuit becomes maintained as long as the rotor 104 is in rotation.
- cooling fins 124 are provided on the inside of the end wall 101 b for improved heat absorption.
- cooling ribs 126 for improved heat dissipation can be formed on the outside of the end wall 101 b opposite the air guiding element 106.
- a closed fluid cooling circuit can be provided on the electric motor 100 to increase the cooling effect, for which purpose between the peripheral wall 101 a and the stator carrier 102 or only on the peripheral wall 101 a and / or on the end wall 101 b of the housing 101
- Cooling channels 128; 130 are designed to guide a cooling fluid.
- the electric motor 100 can be designed as an asynchronous chronometer.
- the asynchronous machine is supposed to be identical to the machine explained with FIG. 1, the rotor 104 only having, instead of the permanent magnets 104c, a bar winding with conductor elements 105c and a short-circuit ring 104e arranged on the end face 104a.
- This short-circuit ring 104e is located radially within the stator winding 105 and the end windings 105a.
- the air flow explained in relation to FIG. 1 also occurs, the air flowing radially past the end face 104a now capturing and cooling the short-circuit ring 104e before the air passes through the end winding 105a in the manner explained above.
- the air guide element 106 is arranged only on one end face of the electric motor. Such an air guide element 106 can of course also be arranged on both end faces. Designation of electric motor housing a circumferential wall b end wall c end wall stator carrier stator a laminated core rotor a end face b end face c permanent magnet d outer circumferential surface e short-circuit ring stator winding a winding head b winding head c conductor element d contact point air guiding element a first section b second section c third section d bridge section interconnection device rotor shaft permanent magnet air duct a Heat exchange area b suction area c acceleration area 122 bearing flange 124 cooling fins 126 cooling fins 128 cooling channel 130 cooling channel
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019211972.7A DE102019211972A1 (de) | 2019-08-09 | 2019-08-09 | Elektromotor mit einem Luftleitelement |
| PCT/EP2020/070923 WO2021028192A1 (de) | 2019-08-09 | 2020-07-24 | Elektromotor mit einem luftleitelement |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4010965A1 true EP4010965A1 (de) | 2022-06-15 |
Family
ID=71833329
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20746613.7A Withdrawn EP4010965A1 (de) | 2019-08-09 | 2020-07-24 | Elektromotor mit einem luftleitelement |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20220294305A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4010965A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN114207999A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102019211972A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2021028192A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3129258A1 (fr) * | 2021-11-18 | 2023-05-19 | Moteurs Leroy-Somer | Machine électrique tournante refroidie par un liquide de refroidissement |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2185740A (en) * | 1937-11-01 | 1940-01-02 | Allis Louis Co | Dynamo-electric machine |
| US20120313460A1 (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2012-12-13 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Electric Machine Having a Power Connection Unit |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE925596C (de) * | 1942-09-10 | 1955-03-24 | Siemens Ag | Luefteranordnung fuer elektrische Maschinen |
| DE1231797B (de) * | 1964-12-04 | 1967-01-05 | Continental Elektro Ind Ag | Innenbelueftete elektrische Maschine mit Wasserrueckkuehlung der Innenluft |
| US3805101A (en) * | 1972-07-03 | 1974-04-16 | Litton Industrial Products | Refrigerant cooled electric motor and method for cooling a motor |
| ES2319392T3 (es) * | 2001-04-20 | 2009-05-07 | Converteam Ltd | Refrigeracion de un arrollamiento de entrehierro de maquinas electricas. |
| EP1494151A1 (de) | 2003-06-30 | 2005-01-05 | Sap Ag | Datenverarbeitungssystem zur Übertragung von Zahlungsmitteilungsdaten |
| EP1748536A1 (de) * | 2005-07-30 | 2007-01-31 | ThyssenKrupp Aufzugswerke GmbH | Elektromotor |
| DE102006045178A1 (de) * | 2006-09-25 | 2008-04-03 | Siemens Ag | Elektrische Maschine |
| EP2993766A1 (de) * | 2014-09-08 | 2016-03-09 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verbesserte Kühlung eines Ringmotors |
| CN104578517A (zh) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-04-29 | 苏州佳亿达电器有限公司 | 一种吸尘器用电机的定位装置 |
| SE539576C2 (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2017-10-17 | Bombardier Transp Gmbh | An electric machine |
| US11913473B2 (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2024-02-27 | Garrett Transportation I Inc | Compressor with electric motor coolant jacket having radial and axial portions |
-
2019
- 2019-08-09 DE DE102019211972.7A patent/DE102019211972A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2020
- 2020-07-24 WO PCT/EP2020/070923 patent/WO2021028192A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2020-07-24 EP EP20746613.7A patent/EP4010965A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2020-07-24 US US17/633,466 patent/US20220294305A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2020-07-24 CN CN202080055807.9A patent/CN114207999A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2185740A (en) * | 1937-11-01 | 1940-01-02 | Allis Louis Co | Dynamo-electric machine |
| US20120313460A1 (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2012-12-13 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Electric Machine Having a Power Connection Unit |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of WO2021028192A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2021028192A1 (de) | 2021-02-18 |
| US20220294305A1 (en) | 2022-09-15 |
| DE102019211972A1 (de) | 2021-02-11 |
| CN114207999A (zh) | 2022-03-18 |
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