EP4010134A1 - VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG EINES ARTIKELS ZUR VERWENDUNG IN DER GIEßEREIINDUSTRIE, ENTSPRECHENDES GRANULAT SOWIE KIT, VORRICHTUNGEN UND VERWENDUNGEN - Google Patents
VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG EINES ARTIKELS ZUR VERWENDUNG IN DER GIEßEREIINDUSTRIE, ENTSPRECHENDES GRANULAT SOWIE KIT, VORRICHTUNGEN UND VERWENDUNGENInfo
- Publication number
- EP4010134A1 EP4010134A1 EP20742246.0A EP20742246A EP4010134A1 EP 4010134 A1 EP4010134 A1 EP 4010134A1 EP 20742246 A EP20742246 A EP 20742246A EP 4010134 A1 EP4010134 A1 EP 4010134A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- silicon dioxide
- particulate
- amorphous silicon
- granules
- granulate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 247
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 319
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 155
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910021486 amorphous silicon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 259
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 129
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 114
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 claims description 112
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 94
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 85
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 60
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- -1 borosilicates Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000004876 x-ray fluorescence Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002195 soluble material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- QXJJQWWVWRCVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;sodium;phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QXJJQWWVWRCVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052615 phyllosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000003961 organosilicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002029 synthetic silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenanthrene Natural products C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 147
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 25
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000000527 sonication Methods 0.000 description 11
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 230000001698 pyrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229940043264 dodecyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000006254 rheological additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 5
- MHGOKSLTIUHUBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl sulfate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COS(O)(=O)=O MHGOKSLTIUHUBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229940067739 octyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- UZZYXUGECOQHPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid monooctyl ester Natural products CCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O UZZYXUGECOQHPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1N1CCN(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)CC1 VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000005049 silicon tetrachloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- CSMFSDCPJHNZRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid monodecyl ester Natural products CCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O CSMFSDCPJHNZRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LJKDOMVGKKPJBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COP(O)(O)=O LJKDOMVGKKPJBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]O Chemical group C[CH]O GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920005861 Castament® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000206672 Gelidium Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000004890 Hydrophobing Agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- HVWGGPRWKSHASF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid, monooctadecyl ester Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O HVWGGPRWKSHASF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MEESPVWIOBCLJW-KTKRTIGZSA-N [(z)-octadec-9-enyl] dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCOP(O)(O)=O MEESPVWIOBCLJW-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZUBJEHHGZYTRPH-KTKRTIGZSA-N [(z)-octadec-9-enyl] hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O ZUBJEHHGZYTRPH-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010419 agar Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000002057 carboxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000315 carcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- CSMFSDCPJHNZRY-UHFFFAOYSA-M decyl sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O CSMFSDCPJHNZRY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;disodium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4] ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 2
- TVACALAUIQMRDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOP(O)(O)=O TVACALAUIQMRDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940075057 doral Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZUVCYFMOHFTGDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOP(O)(O)=O ZUVCYFMOHFTGDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LPTIRUACFKQDHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecyl sulfate;hydron Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O LPTIRUACFKQDHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PHNWGDTYCJFUGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L hexyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCOP([O-])([O-])=O PHNWGDTYCJFUGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000012245 magnesium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- UZZYXUGECOQHPU-UHFFFAOYSA-M n-octyl sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O UZZYXUGECOQHPU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- UHGIMQLJWRAPLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOP(O)(O)=O UHGIMQLJWRAPLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007528 sand casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940080314 sodium bentonite Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910000280 sodium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- URLJMZWTXZTZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium myristyl sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O URLJMZWTXZTZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229950005425 sodium myristyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- KRIXEEBVZRZHOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOP(O)(O)=O KRIXEEBVZRZHOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AAPLIUHOKVUFCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilanol Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O AAPLIUHOKVUFCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MECHNRXZTMCUDQ-RKHKHRCZSA-N vitamin D2 Chemical compound C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)/C=C/[C@H](C)C(C)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C MECHNRXZTMCUDQ-RKHKHRCZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRRUJXFCUPBUCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,2,4-dioxadithietane 2,2,4,4-tetraoxide Chemical compound S1(=O)(=O)OS(=O)(=O)O1 KRRUJXFCUPBUCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000007976 Ketosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical group [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006501 ZrSiO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BSKALNOLPVKFND-KTKRTIGZSA-N [(z)-hexadec-7-enyl] hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O BSKALNOLPVKFND-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001323 aldoses Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021488 crystalline silicon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MJHMAEXTAMDBOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl decane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCS(=O)(=O)OCC MJHMAEXTAMDBOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UJFHKZCCDUEZFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl octadecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)S(=O)(=O)OCC UJFHKZCCDUEZFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- SSILHZFTFWOUJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCS(O)(=O)=O SSILHZFTFWOUJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002584 ketoses Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005555 metalworking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910003455 mixed metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CACRRXGTWZXOAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCS(O)(=O)=O CACRRXGTWZXOAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013001 point bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940067741 sodium octyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019351 sodium silicates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WFRKJMRGXGWHBM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;octyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O WFRKJMRGXGWHBM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZIESTBOPMDVFHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfo ethanesulfonate Chemical compound CCS(=O)(=O)OS(O)(=O)=O ZIESTBOPMDVFHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001029 thermal curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003755 zirconium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/16—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents
- B22C1/18—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of inorganic agents
- B22C1/186—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of inorganic agents contaming ammonium or metal silicates, silica sols
- B22C1/188—Alkali metal silicates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/16—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents
- B22C1/18—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of inorganic agents
- B22C1/181—Cements, oxides or clays
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/16—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents
- B22C1/18—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of inorganic agents
- B22C1/186—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of inorganic agents contaming ammonium or metal silicates, silica sols
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing an article for use in the foundry industry selected from the group consisting of granules for producing a pourable additive, solid pourable additive, inorganic binder and molding material mixture. Further details of the method according to the invention emerge from the attached claims and from the following description.
- the present invention also relates to a corresponding granulate comprising particulate amorphous silicon dioxide.
- the present invention further relates to a kit for the production of an inorganic binder.
- the present invention also relates to a device for carrying out the method according to the invention.
- the present invention further relates to a corresponding use of particulate amorphous silicon dioxide.
- the present invention also relates to the corresponding use of a granulate. In each case, details emerge from the attached claims and the following description.
- Casting in a lost mold is a common method for manufacturing near-net-shape components. After the casting, the mold is destroyed and the casting is removed. Lost forms are casting molds and thus negatives, they contain the cavity to be poured, which results in the casting to be manufactured. The inner contours of the future casting are formed by cores. During the production of the casting mold, the cavity is formed in the molding material by means of a model of the casting to be produced.
- permanent metal molds for example made of cast iron or steel
- die casting in which the liquid metal melt is pressed into a die casting mold under high pressure and at a high mold filling speed.
- the casting methods mentioned above are also preferred within the scope of the present invention.
- the basic mold materials used are predominantly refractory granular materials such as. B. washed, classified quartz sand is used.
- the basic mold materials are bound with inorganic or organic binders.
- the binding agent creates a firm bond between the particles of the basic molding material, so that the casting mold or the core receives the required mechanical stability.
- the refractory basic molding material premixed with the binding agent is preferably in a free-flowing form so that it can be filled into a suitable hollow mold and compacted there. The molding materials are compressed to increase strength.
- Molds and cores have to meet different requirements. During the actual casting process, they must first have sufficient strength and temperature resistance in order to be able to accommodate the liquid metal in the cavity formed from one or more casting (part) forms. After the solidification process has started, the mechanical stability of the casting is guaranteed by a solidified metal layer that is formed along the walls of the casting mold.
- the material of the casting mold should change under the influence of the heat given off by the metal in such a way that it loses its mechanical strength, i.e. the cohesion between individual particles of the refractory material is broken.
- the molds and cores disintegrate again into fine sand, which can be easily removed from the casting and have correspondingly favorable disintegration properties.
- Inorganic binders have long been known, in particular those based on water glasses.
- foundry moldings made from inorganic binders often have low strengths if appropriate, special measures are not taken. This is particularly evident immediately after the core or the casting mold or the molded body has been removed from the tool.
- the strengths at this point in time (“hot strength” or “immediate strength”) are particularly important for the safe handling of the cores or molds when they are removed from the tool.
- a high so-called “cold strength” (i.e. the strength after the core or the casting mold has fully cured) is also important so that the desired casting can be produced with as little casting defects as possible.
- Document EP 1 802 409 B1 discloses a molding material mixture for the production of casting molds for metalworking, at least comprising: a refractory molding base material, a waterglass-based binder, characterized in that the molding material mixture is added with a proportion of a particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide.
- Document DE 10 2013 111 626 A1 discloses a molding material mixture for the production of molds or cores comprising at least: a refractory molding base material, water glass as a binder, particulate amorphous silicon dioxide and one or more powdery oxidic boron compounds.
- the document also discloses that the addition of boron compounds to the molding material mixture improves the moisture resistance of the cores and molds produced with it.
- WO2014 / 202042 A1 discloses a molding material mixture for the production of casting molds and cores for metal processing, comprising at least one refractory mold base material, particulate amorphous S1O2, water glass and lithium compounds. The document also discloses that the addition of lithium compounds to the molding material mixture improves the moisture stability of the molded bodies produced therewith.
- Document DE 10 2012 104 934 A1 discloses a molding material mixture for the production of casting molds for metal processing, at least comprising: a refractory molding base material, a binder based on water glass and barium sulfate.
- Document DE 10 2012 113 073 A1 discloses a molding material mixture for producing molds and cores for metal processing, comprising at least a) a refractory molding base material; b) an inorganic binder and c) at least one particulate metal oxide, the particulate metal oxide comprising at least one aluminum oxide in the alpha phase and / or at least one aluminum / silicon mixed oxide, with the exception of aluminum / silicon mixed oxides with a layered silicate structure or consists of it.
- Document DE 10 2012 113 074 A1 discloses a molding material mixture for producing molds and cores for metal processing, comprising at least one refractory molding base material; an inorganic binder and at least one particulate mixed metal oxide. Oxides of aluminum and zirconium are used in a specific way.
- Document DE 10 2017 107 531 A1 discloses a method for producing casting molds, cores and basic mold materials regenerated from them. Particulate sheet silicates are used in a specific way.
- Document EP 2 104 580 B1 discloses a molding material mixture for the production of casting molds for metal processing, comprising at least: a refractory molding base material; a water glass based binder; a portion of a particulate metal oxide selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide and zinc oxide. A carbohydrate is added to the molding material mixture.
- Document EP 2 097 192 B1 discloses a molding material mixture for the production of casting molds for metal processing, comprising at least: a refractory molding base material; a water glass based binder; a portion of a particulate metal oxide selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide and zinc oxide. A proportion of a phosphorus-containing compound is added to the molding material mixture.
- Document DE 10 2012 020 509 A1 discloses a molding material mixture for the production of casting molds and cores for metal processing, comprising at least: a refractory molding base material, an inorganic binder and particulate amorphous S1O2 which can be produced by the thermal decomposition of ZrSiC> 4 to ZrC> 2 and S1O2.
- Document DE 10 2012 020 510 A1 discloses a molding material mixture for producing casting molds and cores for metal processing, comprising at least one refractory molding base material, an inorganic binder and particulate amorphous S1O2 which can be produced by oxidation of metallic silicon by means of an oxygen-containing gas.
- Document DE 10 2012 020 511 A1 discloses a molding material mixture for the production of casting molds and cores for metal processing, comprising at least one refractory molding base material, an inorganic binder and particulate amorphous S1O2 which can be produced by melting crystalline quartz and cooling it again quickly.
- Document DE 10 2012 020 073 A1 discloses a molding material mixture for the production of casting molds and cores for metal processing, comprising at least one refractory base molding material, an inorganic binder and particulate amorphous S1O2 which can be produced by oxidation of metallic silicon by means of an oxygen-containing gas.
- Document WO 2009/056320 discloses a molding material mixture for producing casting molds for metal processing, at least comprising: a refractory molding base material; a water glass based binder; a portion of a particulate metal oxide which is selected from the group of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide and zinc oxide. A proportion of at least one surface-active substance is added to the molding material mixture.
- Molding material mixtures containing particulate amorphous S1O2 are already known from the patent documents acknowledged above. It is also known from this that, proceeding from certain basic formulations, the addition of selected additives influences the properties of molding material mixtures and moldings resulting therefrom.
- the present invention relates in its categories to a method for producing an article for use in the foundry industry, a granulate, an apparatus for carrying out a process, a use of particulate amorphous silicon dioxide and a use of a granulate.
- Embodiments, aspects or properties that are described in connection with one of these categories or that are described as preferred also apply correspondingly or analogously to the respective other categories, and vice versa.
- preferred aspects or embodiments of the invention and its various categories can be combined with other aspects or embodiments of the invention and its various categories, in particular with other preferred aspects or embodiments. The combination of preferred aspects or embodiments with one another results in preferred aspects or embodiments of the invention.
- the objects and problems indicated above are achieved in whole or in part by a method for producing an article for use in the foundry industry selected from the group consisting of
- Granules for the production of a pourable additive for use as a component of an inorganic binder in the foundry industry solid, pourable additive for use as a component of an inorganic binder in the foundry industry, inorganic binder for use in the foundry industry,
- Molding material mixture comprising an inorganic binder, for use in the foundry industry, and
- Shaped bodies for use in the casting of metallic castings in the foundry industry, with the following steps for producing the article:
- particulate amorphous silicon dioxide which silicon dioxide in a proportion of at least 80% by weight, preferably in a proportion of at least 90% by weight based on the total mass of the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, comprises,
- a granulate results which comprises a multiplicity of individual grains, the respectively connected particles and each having a proportion of at least 30% by weight, preferably at least 40% by weight , particularly preferably at least 50% by weight of particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, based on the mass of the respective grain, the mean grain diameter of the granules being greater than 0.2 mm, determined by sieving.
- the granulate, the solid, pourable additive, the inorganic binder and the molding material mixture are each intermediate products as they are produced one after the other (in the order given) during the production of a casting mold or a core.
- Each of these intermediate products can be stored or transported individually.
- the grains are the product of a planned enlargement step and contain particulate amorphous silicon dioxide (and possibly other substances).
- the grains are thus each a composite, e.g. B. an agglomerate or aggregate.
- pill preferably denotes the particles of a solid powder (including dust), which is preferably pourable and thus also screenable.
- particulate amorphous silicon dioxide both synthetically produced (e.g. as defined in the prior art recognized at the beginning) and naturally occurring types can be used.
- the latter are z. B. from DE 102007045649, but they are not preferred because they often contain not inconsiderable crystalline components and are therefore classified as carcinogenic.
- the “particulate amorphous silicon dioxide which comprises silicon dioxide in a proportion of at least 80% by weight based on the total mass of the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide” is preferably a particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide.
- natural and / or synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide contains up to 50% by weight of secondary components, ie crystalline silicon dioxide and / or substances that are not silicon dioxide.
- amorphous silicon dioxide typically comprises, in addition to silicon dioxide, proportions of one or more other inorganic oxides and of unavoidable impurities.
- synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide which contains secondary constituents in a proportion of less than 30% by weight and / or silicon dioxide in a proportion of at least 80% by weight; particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide which Contains secondary constituents in a proportion of less than 20% by weight and / or silicon dioxide in a proportion of at least 90% by weight, based in each case on the total mass of the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide.
- the particulate amorphous silica produced or provided comprises particles (particles) in the form of dust.
- the proportion of particulate amorphous silicon dioxide in the grains of the granulate can be determined or confirmed (after appropriate sample preparation, in particular after sieving in accordance with VDG leaflet P 27, see below), e.g. by means of X-ray fluorescence analysis in accordance with DIN EN ISO 12677, DIN 51001, if necessary in combination with optical and / or spectroscopic methods and / or wet chemical methods; the person skilled in the art selects a suitable determination method, preferably with knowledge of the materials used in the process.
- the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide produced or provided preferably comprises particles with a size of less than 20 ⁇ m, particularly preferably particles with a size of 0.1 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m, very particularly preferably particles with a size of 0.1 ⁇ m to 1.5 pm, determined by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) or laser diffraction.
- SEM scanning electron microscopy
- the measure of dust generation after the rotary process is lower than that of the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide produced or provided, preferably at least 15% lower, particularly preferably at least 25% lower, very particularly preferably at least 40% less, in each case preferably determined according to DIN 55992-1 (June 2006), Type I, rotating drum principle (e.g. using a Heubach dust measuring device).
- Synthetically produced particulate amorphous silicon dioxide in the present text means that the amorphous silicon dioxide is the target product of a scheduled chemical reaction process for the technical synthesis of amorphous silicon dioxide or is a by-product of a scheduled chemical reaction process for the technical synthesis of a target product that is not amorphous silicon dioxide .
- amorphous silicon dioxide is the flame hydrolysis of silicon tetrachloride.
- the amorphous S1O2 (“silicon dioxide”) produced using this process is also referred to as “pyrogenic S1O2” (“pyrogenic silicon dioxide”) or fumed silica or “fumed silica” (CAS RN 112945-52-5).
- amorphous silicon dioxide is formed as a by-product is the reduction of quartz with e.g. B. coke in the electric arc furnace for the production of silicon or ferrosilicon as the target product.
- the amorphous S1O2 (“silicon dioxide”) produced in this way is also referred to as silica dust, silicon dioxide dust or Si0 2 smoke condensate or as “silica fume” or microsilica (CAS RN 69012-64-2).
- pyrogenic, particulate, amorphous silicon dioxide to be used with particular preference comprises, in the context of the present invention, those types of particulate, amorphous silicon dioxide which are denoted by CAS RN 69012-64-2 and CAS RN 112945-52-5.
- These types of pyrogenic, particulate, amorphous silicon dioxide, which are particularly preferred according to the invention, can be produced in a manner known per se, in particular by reducing quartz with carbon (e.g. coke) in an electric arc furnace with subsequent oxidation to silicon dioxide (preferably in the production of ferrosilicon and silicon).
- S1O2 produced by thermal decomposition of ZrSi0 4 to ZrÜ2 from ZrSi0 4 and the S1O2 obtained by flame hydrolysis of silicon tetrachloride.
- Particulate, amorphous silicon dioxide of the type produced by reducing quartz with carbon (e.g. coke) in an electric arc (in the manufacture of ferro-silicon and silicon) contains carbon.
- Particulate, amorphous silicon dioxide of the type produced by thermal decomposition of ZrSiÜ 4 contains oxidic zirconium compounds.
- Particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide can be produced by oxidation of metallic silicon by means of an oxygen-containing gas and particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide produced by quenching a silicon dioxide melt is very pure S1O2 with very few unavoidable impurities.
- the pyrogenic, particulate, amorphous silicon dioxide to be used with preference according to the invention very particularly preferably comprises particulate, amorphous silicon dioxide of the type designated by CAS RN 69012-64-2.
- This is preferably produced by reducing quartz with carbon (e.g. coke) in an electric arc (e.g. in the production of ferrosilicon and silicon) or is produced as a by-product (silica fume) in the production of ferrosilicon and silicon.
- S1O2 produced from ZrSiÜ4 by thermal decomposition of ZrSiÜ4 to ZrÜ2.
- Particulate, amorphous silicon dioxide of this type is also referred to in the technical field as “microsilica”.
- CAS RN stands for the CAS registration number and CAS registration number.
- CAS Registry Number, CAS Chemical Abstracts Service.
- Various methods are suitable for joining the particles of the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide (and optionally further substances) in an enlargement step into grains, so that a granulate results which comprises a large number of individual grains. Suitable methods are, for example, pelleting, briquetting, tabletting, granulating, agglomerating, extruding and others.
- EP 1 602 425 A1 discloses granules which can be obtained from silicon dioxide powder with a content of at least 90% amorphous S1O2 by granulation, in particular by pelleting with the addition of water and subsequent drying.
- a “molding material mixture” in the sense of the invention defined above comprises a molding base material as one of several components.
- the basic molding material is preferably a refractory basic molding material.
- refractory refers to masses, materials and minerals that can withstand the temperature load during casting or solidification of molten iron, usually cast iron, at least for a short time.
- Suitable (refractory) basic molding materials are natural and artificial basic molding materials, for example quartz, zirconium or chrome ore sand, olivine, vermiculite, bauxite or chamotte, and mixtures thereof.
- the point in time at which the additive is added to the further constituents in the production of the molding material mixture or of the molding material mixture provided with the additive is arbitrary and freely selectable.
- the additive can be added last to the otherwise finished molding material mixture or first premixed with one or more of the mentioned constituents before finally one or more other constituents are added to the molding material mixture.
- a solid, pourable additive is understood to mean an additive for molding material mixtures which is present as a lumpy mixture in a pourable form and quantity, the individual pieces of this mixture having a size of less than 0.2 mm, determined by means of sieving.
- An “inorganic binder” in the sense of the above definition of the invention is usually a multicomponent binder system comprising additives comprising at least particulate amorphous silicon dioxide and a solution or dispersion comprising water glass. The constituents mentioned are present as two or more spatially separate components or as a mixture.
- “inorganic binders” can also contain further particulate materials and / or further liquid or gel-like materials, each as part of a mixture and / or as spatially separate components.
- Mixing ingredients that would not be acceptable as a single component in a foundry process e.g. respirable, crystalline S1O2, classified as carcinogenic
- joining includes the joining of the particles of the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide with one another and possibly also with other components (see below).
- the method according to the invention is suitable for the production of all moldings customary for metal casting, that is to say for example cores, casting molds and feeders.
- Shaped bodies can also be produced particularly advantageously which comprise very thin-walled sections. It is also particularly advantageous to produce moldings which combine the highest possible relative molding weight (weight based on the volume of a given body of predetermined geometry; in the case of cores one speaks of core weight) with a particularly high hourly strength.
- the present invention relates in particular and preferably to a method (as described above, preferably as referred to above as preferred) for producing an article for use in the foundry industry selected from the group consisting of solid, pourable additive for use as part of a inorganic binder in the foundry industry, inorganic binder for use in the foundry industry, Molding material mixture comprising an inorganic binder, for use in the foundry industry, and
- the person skilled in the art can choose from a large number of methods for comminuting the grains of the granulate so that a solid, pourable additive results.
- the comminution preferably comprises grinding or crushing.
- the granules can also be crushed in other ways.
- the comminution preferably the grinding or smashing, takes place in a closed apparatus, so that no significant amounts of dust and / or fine dust are released outside the apparatus and contaminate the breathing air.
- the resulting solid, pourable additive is then preferably metered into further constituents of the inorganic binder or the molding material mixture in such a way that no dust and / or fine dust is released.
- the invention particularly and preferably relates to a method (as described above, preferably as referred to above as preferred) for producing an article for use in the foundry industry selected from the group consisting of inorganic binder for use in the foundry industry,
- Molding material mixture comprising an inorganic binder, for use in the foundry industry, and
- Shaped bodies for use in casting metallic castings in the foundry industry are Shaped bodies for use in casting metallic castings in the foundry industry
- Water glass can be produced, for example, by dissolving vitreous sodium and potassium silicates in water in an autoclave at an elevated temperature or from lithium silicates using the hydrothermal process. According to the invention, water glass can be used which contains one, two or more of the alkali ions mentioned. The proportion of In the context of the present invention, water glass in a molding material mixture is preferably in the range from 0.6 to 3% by weight.
- the contacting of the produced solid, pourable additive with water glass or suspension of the produced solid, pourable additive in water glass requires that the previously produced granulate is first crushed, preferably by grinding or smashing, into a solid, pourable additive is processed.
- Solid, pourable additive which is made from the granulate, comes into contact with the water glass or is suspended in it. It is particularly preferred that the solid, pourable additive produced is contacted with waterglass by first introducing refractory molding base material, then adding the solid, pourable additive and finally adding waterglass, with and / or afterwards mixing all the components used takes place until these are preferably mixed together homogeneously.
- the sequence can also be changed so that, for example, the refractory basic molding material is initially introduced, then the water glass is added and only then the solid, pourable additive is added and then and / or afterwards all components used are mixed until these are mixed together homogeneously.
- the solid, pourable additive is mixed with the water glass to form a suspension and this suspension is then added to the refractory base molding material, with all the components used being mixed until they are homogeneously mixed with one another.
- the contacting of the granules produced in variant (ii) with water glass in the presence or absence of refractory basic molding material and during or after the crushing of the grains of the granules means that grains of the granules (initially not crushed) are brought into contact with the water glass.
- the person skilled in the art is able to achieve comminution of the grains by adapting the stirring conditions to the requirements of the individual case, when contacting and mixing the granules produced with water glass.
- the person skilled in the art is able to mix the granules with the water glass by adapting the stirring conditions accordingly so that the individual grains of the granules are essentially not comminuted.
- the contacting and mixing of the granulate produced with water glass can take place in the presence or absence of refractory basic molding material. If the contacting of the granulate produced with water glass takes place in the presence of a refractory base molding material, it is preferred that during the contacting (or immediately afterwards) a mixing takes place and the grains of the granulate are comminuted during this mixing.
- waterglass can be used in each case, which is present in a mixture with one or more additives, e.g. a mixture comprising waterglass and one or more surfactants.
- particulate amorphous S1O2 is not used directly for the production of the inorganic binder or the molding material mixture, but only the granulate produced or the solid, pourable additive produced from it.
- the invention particularly and preferably relates to a method according to the invention (as described above, preferably as referred to above as preferred) for the production of a molding material mixture comprising refractory base molding material and an inorganic binding agent comprising water glass and particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, for use in the foundry industry, with the steps:
- the molding material mixture can be produced in such a way that the individual constituents used to produce the inorganic binder are mixed with one another in the presence of a refractory basic molding material to form the molding material mixture.
- the molding material mixture can also be produced in such a way that the inorganic binder is first produced by mixing the constituents of the inorganic binder and the finished inorganic binder is mixed with a refractory basic molding material to form the molding material mixture.
- one of the two variants or a combination of both variants can be preferred.
- the refractory basic molding material preferably makes up more than 80% by weight, preferably more than 90% by weight, particularly preferably more than 95% by weight, of the total mass of the molding material mixture.
- the refractory basic molding material to be used according to the invention is preferably in the form of particles (particulate). It is preferably free-flowing.
- the refractory basic molding material preferably has an AFS grain fineness number in the range from 30 to 100.
- the AFS grain fineness number is determined according to the VDG leaflet (leaflet of the "Association of German Foundry Experts") P 34 of October 1999, point 5.2. There the AFS grit fineness number is given by the formula
- a method according to the invention is preferred (as described above, preferably as designated above as preferred), wherein in the step of connecting the particles of the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide in an enlargement step to form granules, so that granules result which comprise a multiplicity of individual granules which each connected particles and each comprise a proportion of at least 30% by weight, preferably at least 40% by weight, particularly preferably at least 50% by weight, of particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, based on the mass of the respective grain, the mean grain diameter of the ( resulting) granulate is greater than 0.5 mm, preferably greater than 1 mm, determined by sieving.
- This preferred method according to the invention thus leads to granules whose grains have an average grain diameter greater than 0.5 mm, preferably an average grain diameter greater than 1 mm (determined by sieving) and each have a proportion of at least 30% by weight, preferably at least 40% by weight, more preferably at least 50% by weight, of particulate amorphous silicon dioxide (as set out above).
- the granules produced by this process have particularly advantageous combinations of the following properties: homogeneous composition, high bulk density, good flowability, good conveyability, good meterability, low dust levels, avoidance of segregation phenomena, ability to be comminuted, high molded body weight of the molded bodies that can be produced using them, increased moisture stability (moisture resistance ) the moldings that can be produced using them.
- a method according to the invention is preferred (as described above, preferably as referred to above as preferred), wherein the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, which silicon dioxide comprises in a proportion of at least 80% by weight, based on the total mass of the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, is wholly or partially consists of particulate synthetic amorphous silica.
- the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide (which comprises silicon dioxide in a proportion of at least 80% by weight, based on the total mass of the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide) consists entirely or only partially of particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide .
- synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide With the regularly preferred use of synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide, it is possible to achieve particularly advantageous combinations of properties of moldings to be obtained therefrom in a consistent, predictable quality.
- a method according to the invention is preferred (as described above, preferably as referred to above as preferred), wherein the proportion of silicon dioxide in the granulate as a whole, determined by means of X-ray fluorescence analysis, and the proportion of silicon dioxide in at least 90% of the grains of the granulate whose grain diameter is greater than 1 mm, preferably greater than 0.5 mm, particularly preferably greater than 0.2 mm, each determined by means of sieving and subsequent X-ray fluorescence analysis, differs by no more than 30%, preferably by no more than 20%, particularly preferably by does not differ by more than 10%, based on the total proportion of silicon dioxide in the granulate.
- the proportion of silicon dioxide both in the granules as a whole and in the individual grains of the granules is determined by means of X-ray fluorescence analysis in accordance with DIN EN ISO 12677, DIN 51001.
- the (mean) grain diameter is determined by sieving in accordance with the VDG data sheet (that is, the data sheet of the "Association of German Foundry Experts") P 27 of October 1999, point 4.3, which specifies the use of test sieves in accordance with DIN ISO 3310.
- the proportion of silicon dioxide in the granules as a whole (determined by X-ray fluorescence analysis) and the proportion of silicon dioxide (determined by means of X-ray fluorescence analysis) in at least 90% of the individual grains of the granules, the grain diameter of which is greater than 1 mm (determined by means of sieving), is preferably greater than 0.5 mm (determined by means of sieving), particularly preferably greater than 0.2 mm (determined by means of sieving) differs by no more than 30%, preferably differs by no more than 20%, particularly preferably differs by no more than 10% (based on the total amount of silicon dioxide in the granules) means that granules of this (minimum) size are good representatives of the overall composition of the granules and thus of the totality of the material used.
- each of the specified maximum differences (30%, 20%, 10%) can be relevant and advantageous.
- any resulting combination of size and maximum difference is preferred.
- a method according to the invention is preferred (as described above, preferably as referred to above as preferred), wherein in the enlargement step the particles of the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide are mixed and / or contacted with one, two or more further materials which are selected independently of one another from the group consisting of:
- Liquids including gel-like substances, preferably liquid wetting and / or suspending agents, preferably water, particulate materials, preferably particulate inorganic materials, preferably selected from the group consisting of oxides of aluminum, preferably aluminum oxide in the alpha phase, bauxite, oxides of zirconium , preferably zirconium (IV) oxide, aluminum / silicon mixed oxides, zinc oxide, barium sulfate, phosphorus-containing compounds, layered likates, graphite, soot, glass spheres, oxides of magnesium, borosilicates, ceramic hollow spheres, oxidic boron compounds, preferably powdery oxidic boron compounds and mixtures thereof, water-soluble materials,
- Water repellants preferably organosilicon compounds, silanes, silicones and siloxanes, waxes, paraffins, metal soaps, and
- the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide is preferably mixed and / or contacted with one, two or more further materials (which are not themselves particulate amorphous silicon dioxide) in the enlargement step.
- the selection of the one, two or more further materials with which the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide is mixed and / or contacted in the enlargement step is made independently of one another from the list above, that is, the selection of a first material has no effect on the selection of a subsequent one Materials or the following materials.
- the surfactant or surfactants are preferably selected independently of one another from the group consisting of or comprising: oleyl sulfate, stearyl sulfate, palmityl sulfate, myristyl sulfate, lauryl sulfate, decyl sulfate, octyl sulfate, 2-ethylhexyl sulfate, 2-ethyl octyl sulfate, laurolyl sulfate, laurolyl sulfate, laurolyl sulfate, laurolyl sulfate, laurolyl sulfate, laurolyl sulfate, lauryl sulfate, lauryl sulfate, lauryl sulfate, lauryl sulfate, lauryl sulfate, lauryl sulfate, lauryl s
- Melpers 0030, BASF modified polyacrylate in water (e.g. Melpers VP 4547/240 L, BASF), 2-ethylhexyl sulfate in water (e.g. Texapon EHS, from Cognis), polyglucoside in water (e.g. Glukopon 225 DK, from Cognis), sodium octyl sulfate in water (e.g. Texapon 842, from Lakeland), modified carbonate ether (e.g. Castament ES 60, solid, BASF).
- modified polyacrylate in water e.g. Melpers VP 4547/240 L, BASF
- 2-ethylhexyl sulfate in water e.g. Texapon EHS, from Cognis
- polyglucoside in water e.g. Glukopon 225 DK, from Cognis
- sodium octyl sulfate in water e.g. Texapon 8
- the film former or the film former are preferably selected independently of one another from the group consisting of or comprising: polyvinyl alcohol and acrylic acid.
- the rheological additive or rheological additives are preferably selected independently of one another from the group consisting of or comprising:
- - swellable clays preferably sodium bentonite or attapulgite / palygorskite
- swellable polymers preferably cellulose derivatives, in particular carboxymethyl, methyl, ethyl, hydroxyethyl and hydroxypropyl cellulose, vegetable flours, polyvinylpyrrolidone, pectin, gelatin, agar agar, polypeptides and / or alginates.
- the hydrophobing agent or agents are preferably selected independently of one another from the group consisting of or comprising: preferably organosilicon compounds, silanes, silanes, preferably trimethylsilanol, silicones and siloxanes, preferably polydimethylsiloxane, waxes, paraffins, metal soaps.
- aforementioned materials can thus also be used in the method according to the invention without an additional metering step or additional storage containers being necessary in the foundry.
- such components preferably too such liquid (including gel-like) components that have no long-term stability in waterglass can thus be incorporated into a molding material mixture produced according to the invention without an additional metering step by incorporating them into the resulting granules in the enlargement step.
- carbohydrate is understood to mean aldoses (polyhydroxyaldehydes) and ketoses (polyhydroxyketones), as well as higher molecular weight compounds which can be converted into such compounds by hydrolysis.
- Carbohydrates that are used in the context of the present invention are oligomers and polymers with a chain length of n> 2.
- the invention also relates to a method according to the invention (as described above, preferably as referred to above as preferred), wherein grains of the granules resulting in the enlargement step, preferably at least 90% of the grains of the granules, whose grain diameter is greater than 1 mm, preferably greater than 0 .5 mm, particularly preferably greater than 0.2 mm, each determined by means of sieves,
- particulate amorphous silica as well as one, two, more than two or all of the other solid materials present in the enlarging step and / or
- particulate materials preferably particulate inorganic materials, preferably selected from the group consisting of oxides of aluminum, preferably aluminum oxide in the Alpha phase, bauxite, zirconium oxides, preferably zirconium (IV) oxide, aluminum / silicon mixed oxides,
- Water repellants preferably organosilicon compounds, silanes, silicones and siloxanes, waxes, paraffins, metal soaps, and
- the proportion or the presence of silicon dioxide in the individual grains of the granulate is determined by means of X-ray fluorescence analysis in accordance with DIN EN ISO 12677, DIN 51001.
- the grain diameter is determined by sieving in accordance with the VDG data sheet (that is, the data sheet of the “Association of German Foundry Experts”) P 27 of October 1999, point 4.3, which specifies the use of test sieves according to DIN ISO 3310.
- the presence of one, two, more than two or all of the other solid materials present during the enlargement step in the grains of the granulate can (especially after sieving in accordance with VDG leaflet P 27, see above) also, for example, by means of X-ray fluorescence analysis in accordance with DIN EN ISO 12677, DIN 51001 determined or confirmed, if necessary in combination with optical and / or spectroscopic methods and / or wet chemical methods.
- the person skilled in the art selects a suitable determination method, preferably with knowledge of the materials used in the process.
- That grains of the granulate preferably at least 90% of the grains of the granulate, the grain diameter of which is greater than 0.2 mm, preferably greater than 0.5 mm, particularly preferably greater than 1 mm (each determined by means of sieving), particulate amorphous silicon dioxide and comprise one, two, more than two or all of the other solid materials present in the enlargement step, means that one, two, more than two or all of the other solid materials present in the enlargement step are part of the resulting granulate, preferably part of at least 90% of the grains of the granulate (whose grain diameter is greater than 0.2 mm, preferably greater than 0.5 mm, particularly preferably greater is than 1 mm).
- the one, two, more than two or all of the other solid materials present in the enlargement step are therefore preferably part of the granulate, particularly preferably they are so evenly distributed in the granulate that they are present in at least 90% of the grains of the granulate whose grain diameter is greater than 1 mm, preferably greater than 0.5 mm, particularly preferably greater than 0.2 mm (each determined by means of sieving) are present.
- the one, two, more than two, or all of the other materials in addition to the particulate amorphous silica present in the enlarging step are selected independently of one another.
- Each of the possible resulting combinations leads, depending on the requirements of the individual case, to particularly advantageous properties or property combinations of the molded parts that can be produced therefrom.
- a method according to the invention is preferred (as described above, preferably as referred to above as preferred), wherein the production of particulate amorphous silicon dioxide which comprises silicon dioxide in a proportion of at least 80% by weight, based on the total mass of the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, is the Step includes:
- both types of particulate amorphous silicon dioxide can be selected so that they are chemically different and additionally have a different particle size distribution.
- both types can be selected so that they only have different particle sizes with identical chemical composition. Own distributions.
- both types of particulate amorphous silicon dioxide can be selected so that they are chemically different but have the same particle size distribution.
- the median value of a particle size distribution is understood to mean the value at which one half of the examined particle population has a size smaller than this value, while the other half of the examined particle population has a larger size than this value. This value is preferably determined as described below in Example 1 for a commercially available material.
- Determined by means of laser scattering means (here and below) that a sample of the particulate material to be examined - if necessary - is pretreated analogously to the specification of Example 1 (see below) and the particle size distribution of the material pretreated in this way is then by means of laser scattering as in the example 1 (see below) is determined.
- the invention also relates to a method according to the invention (as just described, preferably as referred to above as preferred),
- a first type of particulate amorphous silica has a particle size distribution with a median in the range 0.1-0.4 ⁇ m as determined by laser scattering
- another type of particulate amorphous silica has a particle size distribution with a median in the range from 0.7 to 1.5 pm, determined by means of laser scattering, and / or
- particulate amorphous silicon dioxide which contains silicon dioxide in a proportion of at least 80% by weight, based on the total mass of the particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide, and at least carbon as a minor component, preferably producible by reducing quartz in an electric arc furnace; particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide which comprises oxidic zirconium as a secondary component and can preferably be produced by thermal decomposition of ZrSi04 particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide produced by oxidation of metallic silicon by means of an oxygen-containing gas; particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide which can be prepared by quenching a silicon dioxide melt.
- particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide which contains silicon dioxide in a proportion of at least 80% by weight, based on the total mass of the particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide, and at least carbon as a minor component, preferably producible by reducing quartz in an electric arc furnace
- particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide which comprises oxidic zirconium as
- a method according to the invention is preferred (as described above, preferably as referred to above as preferred), with at least 90% of the grains of the granules whose grain diameter is greater than 0.2 mm, preferably greater than 0.5 mm, particularly preferably greater than 1 mm, each determined by means of sieving, comprise both or at least two of the different types of particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, preferably determined or confirmed (after appropriate sample preparation, in particular after sieving in accordance with VDG leaflet P 27, see below) e.g.
- a method according to the invention is preferred (as described above, preferably as referred to above as preferred), wherein the enlargement step comprises one or more measures which are independently selected from the group consisting of: - granulating
- the invention also relates to a granulate, the mean grain diameter of which is greater than 0.2 mm, determined by sieving, for the production of a pourable additive for use as a component of an inorganic binder in the foundry industry, comprising (preferably synthetic) particulate amorphous silicon dioxide,
- the granulate additionally comprises one, two or more further materials which are independently selected from the group consisting of: particulate materials, preferably particulate inorganic materials, preferably selected from the group consisting of oxides of aluminum, preferably aluminum oxide in the alpha-phase, bauxite, oxides of zirconium, preferably zirconium (IV) oxide, aluminum / silicon mixed oxides, zinc oxide, barium sulfate, phosphorus-containing compounds, sheet silicates, graphite, carbon black, glass spheres, oxides of magnesium, borosilicate, ceramic hollow spheres, oxidic boron compounds, preferably powdery oxidic boron compounds, and their mixtures, water-soluble materials,
- particulate materials preferably particulate inorganic materials, preferably selected from the group consisting of oxides of aluminum, preferably aluminum oxide in the alpha-phase, bauxite, oxides of zirconium, preferably zirconium (IV) oxide, aluminum / silicon mixed oxides, zinc
- Water repellants preferably organosilicon compounds, silanes, silicones and siloxanes, waxes, paraffins, metal soaps, and
- Carbohydrates at least 90% of the grains of the granules, the grain diameter of which is greater than 0.2 mm, preferably greater than 0.5 mm, particularly preferably greater than 1 mm, each determined by means of sieving, particulate amorphous silicon dioxide and one or two or more of said further materials and / or
- the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide comprises a proportion of at least 80% by weight silicon dioxide, based on the total mass of the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, it preferably consisting entirely or partially of particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide and / or
- the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide in the granulate comprises two or more different types of particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, the two or more types differing in their chemical composition, preferably determined or confirmed (in particular after sieving in accordance with VDG leaflet P 27, see above) by means of X-ray fluorescence analysis according to DIN EN ISO 12677, DIN 51001 (if necessary in combination with optical and / or spectroscopic methods and / or wet chemical methods; the person skilled in the art selects a suitable determination method, preferably with knowledge of the materials used in the process), preferably one two, more than two or all of the different types of particulate amorphous silicon dioxide is selected or are independently selected from the group consisting of particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide, which silicon dioxide in a proportion of at least 80% by weight, based on the G total mass of the particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide, and contains at least carbon as a secondary component, preferably producible by reducing quartz in an electric arc furnace; part
- the granulate defined in this way (i.e. the totality of specific grains, see above) has particularly advantageous combinations of the following properties: homogeneous composition, high bulk density, low dust, good flowability, good conveyability, good dosability, low dust, avoidance of segregation phenomena, crushability, high molding weight the moldings that can be produced from it, increased moisture stability (moisture resistance) of the moldings that can be produced from it.
- the configurations (a) and (e) are of particularly high economic relevance and are therefore preferred in many cases.
- the invention also relates to a kit comprising a granulate as a spatially separate component (as described above, preferably as described above as preferred).
- the invention also relates to a kit for producing an inorganic binder (as described above, preferably as referred to above as preferred), particularly preferably a binder comprising and / or consisting of an inorganic multicomponent binder system, at least comprising as spatially separated components
- the kit according to the invention is particularly suitable for carrying out methods according to the invention with which the secondary products of the granules are produced (binding agent; molding material mixture; molded bodies).
- the invention also relates to a device for performing a method according to the invention (as described above, preferably as referred to above as preferred), comprising a storage container containing particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, which silicon dioxide in a proportion of at least 80% by weight, based on the total mass of the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, comprises a mixing or contacting device for mixing or contacting the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide with one, two or more further materials, a device for granulating, extruding and / or agglomerating the mixed with one, two or more further materials or contacted particulate amorphous silica.
- the device according to the invention is particularly suitable for carrying out methods according to the invention and for producing granules according to the invention.
- a device according to the invention is preferred (as described above, preferably as referred to above as preferred), additionally comprising one or more device elements selected from the group consisting of
- the preferred device is particularly advantageously suitable for carrying out a method according to the invention and for producing a granulate according to the invention.
- a device according to the invention is preferred (as described above, preferably as referred to above as preferred), additionally comprising a device for filling or transporting produced granules.
- the invention also relates to the corresponding use (as described above, preferably as described above as preferred) of (preferably synthetic) particulate amorphous silicon dioxide for the production or as a component of a granulate.
- the inventive use of particulate amorphous silicon dioxide for the production or as a component of a granulate is used, depending on the particle size distribution of the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, to produce a molding with a specific, preferably particularly high relative molding weight (for cores: core weight) with a molding material mixture produced therefrom .
- particulate amorphous silicon dioxide for the production or as a component of a granulate is used, depending on the particle size distribution of the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, to produce a molding with specific, preferably particularly high moisture stability with the molding material mixture produced therefrom.
- the invention also relates to the use of a granulate (as described above, preferably as described above as according to the invention or as preferred) for the production of a solid, pourable additive with homogenized grain composition for use as a component of an inorganic binder in the foundry industry.
- particulate amorphous silicon dioxide which comprises silicon dioxide in a proportion of at least 80% by weight, preferably in a proportion of at least 90% by weight, based on the total mass of the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide,
- a granulate results which comprises a multiplicity of individual grains, the respectively connected particles and each having a proportion of at least 30% by weight, preferably at least 40% by weight , particularly preferably comprise at least 50% by weight of particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, based on the mass of the respective grain, the mean grain diameter of the granules being greater than 0.2 mm, determined by sieving, with preferably the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide produced or provided Particles with a size of less than 20 ⁇ m, particularly preferably particles with a size of 0.1 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m, very particularly preferably particles with a size of 0.1 ⁇ m to 1.5 ⁇ m, determined by means of scanning electron microscopy ( SEM) or laser diffraction.
- SEM scanning electron microscopy
- Said granulate is the product of this process.
- a granulate results which comprises a multiplicity of individual grains, the respectively connected particles and each having a proportion of at least 30% by weight, preferably at least 40% by weight , particularly preferably comprise at least 50% by weight of particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, based on the mass of the respective grain, the mean grain diameter of the granules being greater than 0.2 mm, determined by sieving, with preferably the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide produced or provided Particles with a size of less than 20 ⁇ m, particularly preferably particles with a size of 0.1 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m, very particularly preferably particles with a size of 0.1 ⁇ m to 1.5 ⁇ m, determined by means of scanning electron microscopy ( SEM) or laser diffraction.
- SEM scanning electron microscopy
- particulate amorphous silicon dioxide which comprises silicon dioxide in a proportion of at least 80% by weight, preferably in a proportion of at least 90% by weight, based on the total mass of the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide,
- a granulate results which comprises a plurality of individual grains, each of the connected particles and a proportion of at least 30% by weight, preferably at least 40% by weight, particularly preferably at least 50% by weight, of particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, based on the mass of the respective grain, the mean grain diameter being of the granulate is greater than 0.2 mm, determined by sieving, wherein the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide produced or provided is preferably particles with a size of less than 20 ⁇ m, particularly preferably particles with a size of 0.1 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m, very particularly preferably comprises particles with a size of 0.1 ⁇ m to 1.5 ⁇ m, determined by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) or laser diffraction.
- SEM scanning electron microscopy
- particulate amorphous silicon dioxide which comprises silicon dioxide in a proportion of at least 80% by weight, preferably in a proportion of at least 90% by weight, based on the total mass of the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide,
- a granulate results which comprises a multiplicity of individual grains, the respectively connected particles and each having a proportion of at least 30% by weight, preferably at least 40% by weight , particularly preferably comprise at least 50% by weight of particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, based on the mass of the respective grain, the mean grain diameter of the granules being greater than 0.2 mm, determined by sieving, with preferably the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide produced or provided Particles with a size of less than 20 pm, particularly preferably comprises particles with a size of 0.1 gm to 5 gm, very particularly preferably particles with a size of 0.1 gm to 1.5 gm, determined by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) or laser diffraction.
- SEM scanning electron microscopy
- particulate amorphous silicon dioxide which comprises silicon dioxide in a proportion of at least 80% by weight, preferably in a proportion of at least 90% by weight, based on the total mass of the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide,
- a granulate results which comprises a multiplicity of individual grains, the respectively connected particles and each having a proportion of at least 30% by weight, preferably at least 40% by weight , particularly preferably comprise at least 50% by weight of particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, based on the mass of the respective grain, the mean grain diameter of the granules being greater than 0.2 mm, determined by sieving, with preferably the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide produced or provided Particles with a size of less than 20 gm, particularly preferably particles with a size of 0.1 gm to 5 gm, very particularly preferably particles with a size of 0.1 gm to 1.5 gm, determined by means of scanning electron microscopy ( SEM) or laser diffraction.
- SEM scanning electron microscopy
- a granulate results which comprises a multiplicity of individual grains, the respectively connected particles and in each case a proportion of at least 30% by weight, preferably at least 40% by weight , particularly preferably at least 50% by weight of particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, based on the mass of the respective grain, the mean grain diameter of the granules is greater than 0.5 mm, preferably greater than 1 mm, determined by sieving.
- the particulate amorphous silica which comprises silica in a proportion of at least 80% by weight based on the total mass of the particulate amorphous silica, consists entirely of particulate synthetic amorphous silica.
- the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide which silicon dioxide comprises in a proportion of at least 80% by weight, based on the total mass of the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, consists partly of particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide.
- Liquids preferably liquid wetting and / or suspending agents, preferably water, particulate materials, preferably particulate inorganic materials, preferably selected from the group consisting of oxides of aluminum, preferably aluminum oxide in the alpha phase, bauxite, oxides of zirconium, preferably zirconium ( IV) oxide, aluminum / silicon mixed oxides, zinc oxide, barium sulfate, phosphorus-containing compounds, sheet silicates, graphite, carbon black, glass spheres, oxides of magnesium, borosilicates, ceramic hollow spheres, oxidic boron compounds, preferably powdery oxidic boron compounds, and their mixtures, water-soluble materials,
- particulate materials preferably particulate inorganic materials, preferably selected from the group consisting of oxides of aluminum, preferably aluminum oxide in the alpha phase, bauxite, oxides of zirconium, preferably zirconium ( IV) oxide, aluminum / silicon mixed oxides, zinc oxide, barium
- Film maker Water repellants, preferably organosilicon compounds, silanes, silicones and siloxanes, waxes, paraffins, metal soaps, and
- particulate materials preferably particulate inorganic materials, preferably selected from the group consisting of oxides of aluminum, preferably aluminum oxide in the alpha phase, bauxite, oxides of zirconium, preferably zirconium (IV) oxide, aluminum / silicon mixed oxides
- Water repellants preferably organosilicon compounds, silanes, silicones and siloxanes, waxes, paraffins, metal soaps, and
- Water repellants preferably organosilicon compounds, silanes, silicones and siloxanes, waxes, paraffins, metal soaps, and
- the preparation of particulate amorphous silica comprising silica in a proportion of at least 80 wt .-%, based on the total mass of the particulate amorphous silica comprises the step:
- a type of particulate amorphous silica has a particle size distribution with a median in the range of 0.1 to 0.4 ⁇ m as determined by laser scattering.
- a type of particulate amorphous silicon dioxide has a particle size distribution with a median in the range from 0.7 to 1.5 ⁇ m, determined by means of laser scattering, according to aspect 35, wherein one, two, more than two or all of the different types of particulate amorphous silicon dioxide is selected or are independently selected from the group consisting of particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide, which silicon dioxide in a proportion of at least 80 wt.
- particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide which comprises oxidic zirconium as a secondary component and can preferably be produced by thermal decomposition of ZrSi04 particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide produced by oxidation of metallic silicon by means of an oxygen-containing gas; particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide which can be prepared by quenching a silicon dioxide melt.
- a first type of particulate amorphous silica has a particle size distribution with a median in the range of 0.1 to 0.4 ⁇ m as determined by laser scattering
- another type of particulate amorphous silica has a particle size distribution with a median in the range of 0.7 to 1.5 pm, determined by means of laser scattering.
- a first type of particulate amorphous silica has a particle size distribution with a median in the range of 0.1 to 0.4 ⁇ m as determined by laser scattering, and wherein one, two, more than two or all of the different types of particulate amorphous silicon dioxide is selected or are independently selected from the group consisting of particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide, which silicon dioxide in a proportion of at least 80 wt .-%, based on the total mass of the particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide, and contains at least carbon as a minor component , preferably produced by reducing quartz in an electric arc furnace; particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide which comprises oxidic zirconium as a secondary component and can preferably be produced by thermal decomposition of ZrSi04 particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide produced by oxidation of metallic silicon by means of an oxygen-containing gas; particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide which can be prepared by quenching a silicon dioxide
- a first type of particulate amorphous silicon dioxide has a particle size distribution with a median in the range from 0.1 to 0.4 ⁇ m, determined by means of laser scattering
- another type of particulate amorphous silica has a particle size distribution with a median in the range of 0.7 to 1.5 ⁇ m, as determined by laser scattering
- one, two, more than two or all of the different types of particulate amorphous silica are selected is or are independently selected from the group consisting of particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide, which silicon dioxide in a proportion of at least 80 wt .-%, based on the total mass of the particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide, and as a minor component contains at least carbon, preferably produced by Reduction of quartz in the electric arc furnace; particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide which comprises oxidic zirconium as a secondary component and can preferably be produced by thermal decomposition of ZrSi04 part
- a further type of particulate amorphous silicon dioxide has a particle size distribution with a median in the range of 0.7 to 1.5 ⁇ m, determined by means of laser scattering, and wherein one, two, more than two or all of the different types of particulate amorphous silicon dioxide is selected or are independently selected from the group consisting of particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide, which silicon dioxide in a proportion of at least 80 wt .-%, based on the total mass of the particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide, and contains at least carbon as a minor component , preferably produced by reducing quartz in an electric arc furnace; particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide which comprises oxidic zirconium as a secondary component and can preferably be produced by thermal decomposition of ZrSi04 particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide produced by oxidation of metallic silicon by means of an oxygen-containing gas; particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide which can be prepared by quenching a silicon dioxide
- Method according to one of aspects 35 to 42 wherein at least 90% of the grains of the granulate, the grain diameter of which is greater than 0.2 mm, preferably greater than 0.5 mm, particularly preferably greater than 1 mm, are each determined by means of Sieving, both or at least two of the different types of particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, preferably determined or confirmed (in particular after sieving according to VDG leaflet P 27, see above), e.g. by means of X-ray fluorescence analysis according to DIN EN ISO 12677, DIN 51001, possibly in combination with optical and / or spectroscopic methods and / or wet chemical methods; the person skilled in the art selects a suitable method of determination, preferably with knowledge of the materials used in the process.
- the enlarging step comprises one or more measures which are independently selected from the group consisting of:
- Granules the mean grain diameter of which is greater than 0.2 mm, determined by sieving, for the production of a pourable additive for use as a component of an inorganic binder in the foundry industry, comprising particulate amorphous silicon dioxide,
- the granulate additionally comprises one, two or more further materials which are independently selected from the group consisting of: particulate materials, preferably particulate inorganic materials, preferably selected from the group consisting of oxides of aluminum, preferably aluminum oxide in the alpha phase, bauxite, oxides of zirconium, preferably zirconium (IV) oxide, aluminum / silicon mixed oxides, zinc oxide, barium sulfate, phosphorus-containing compounds, sheet silicates, graphite, carbon black, glass spheres, oxides of magnesium, borosilicates, ceramic hollow spheres, oxidic boron compounds, preferably powdery oxidic boron compounds, and mixtures thereof, water soluble materials,
- particulate materials preferably particulate inorganic materials, preferably selected from the group consisting of oxides of aluminum, preferably aluminum oxide in the alpha phase, bauxite, oxides of zirconium, preferably zirconium (IV) oxide, aluminum / silicon mixed oxides, zinc oxide
- Water repellants preferably organosilicon compounds, silanes, silicones and siloxanes, waxes, paraffins, metal soaps, and
- Carbohydrates at least 90% of the grains of the granules, the grain diameter of which is greater than 0.2 mm, preferably greater than 0.5 mm, particularly preferably greater than 1 mm, each determined by means of sieving, particulate amorphous silicon dioxide and one or two or more of said further materials and / or
- the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide comprises a proportion of at least 80% by weight silicon dioxide, based on the total mass of the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, it preferably consisting entirely or partially of particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide and / or
- the particulate amorphous silica comprises two or more different types of particulate amorphous silica, the two or more types differing in their chemical composition, preferably one, two, more than two or all of the different types of particulate amorphous silicon dioxide is selected or are independently selected from the group consisting of: particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide, which silicon dioxide in a proportion of at least 80 wt .-%, based on the total mass of the particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide, and contains at least carbon as a minor component , preferably produced by reducing quartz in an electric arc furnace; particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide, which comprises oxidic zirconium as a minor component and is preferably producible by thermal decomposition of ZrSi0 4 particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide producible by oxidation of metallic silicon by means of an oxygen-containing gas; particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide can be produced by quenching
- the granules being producible by a method according to one of aspects 1 to 9 or one of aspects 20 to 44.
- Granules the mean grain diameter of which is greater than 0.2 mm, determined by sieving, for producing a pourable additive for use as a component of an inorganic binder in the foundry industry, comprising particulate amorphous silicon dioxide,
- the granulate additionally comprises one, two or more further materials which are independently selected from the group consisting of particulate materials, preferably particulate inorganic materials, preferably selected from the group consisting of oxides of aluminum, preferably aluminum oxide in the alpha Phase, bauxite, oxides of zirconium, preferably zirconium (IV) oxide, aluminum / silicon mixed oxides, zinc oxide, barium sulfate, phosphorus-containing compounds, sheet silicates, graphite, carbon black, glass spheres, oxides of magnesium, borosilicate, ceramic hollow spheres, oxidic Boron compounds, preferably powder
- Water repellants preferably organosilicon compounds, silanes, silicones and siloxanes, waxes, paraffins, metal soaps, and
- Carbohydrates at least 90% of the grains of the granules, the grain diameter of which is greater than 0.2 mm, preferably greater than 0.5 mm, particularly preferably greater than 1 mm, each determined by means of sieving, particulate amorphous silicon dioxide and one or two or more of said further materials and (b) wherein the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide comprises a proportion of at least 80% by weight silicon dioxide, based on the total mass of the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, it preferably consisting entirely or partially of particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide and
- the particulate amorphous silica comprises two or more different types of particulate amorphous silica, the two or more types differing in their chemical composition, preferably one, two, more than two or all of the different types of particulate amorphous silicon dioxide is selected or are selected independently of one another from the group consisting of particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide, which silicon dioxide in a proportion of at least 80 wt .-%, based on the total mass of the particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide, and contains at least carbon as a minor component, preferably producible by reducing quartz in an electric arc furnace; particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide, which comprises oxidic zirconium as a secondary component and can preferably be produced by thermal decomposition of ZrSi0 4 particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide producible by the oxidation of metallic silicon by means of an oxygen-containing gas; particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide can be produced by
- Granules the mean grain diameter of which is greater than 0.2 mm, determined by sieving, for producing a pourable additive for use as a component of an inorganic binder in the foundry industry, comprising particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, the granulate additionally comprising one, two or more further materials which are independently selected from the group consisting of: particulate materials, preferably particulate inorganic materials, preferably selected from Group consisting of oxides of aluminum, preferably aluminum oxide in the alpha phase, bauxite, oxides of zirconium, preferably zirconium (IV) oxide, aluminum / silicon mixed oxides, zinc oxide, barium sulfate, phosphorus-containing compounds, sheet silicates, graphite, carbon black, glass spheres, Magnesium oxides, borosilicate, ceramic Hollow spheres, oxidic boron compounds, preferably powder
- Water repellants preferably organosilicon compounds, silanes, silicones and siloxanes, waxes, paraffins, metal soaps, and
- Carbohydrates at least 90% of the grains of the granules, the grain diameter of which is greater than 0.2 mm, preferably greater than 0.5 mm, particularly preferably greater than 1 mm, each determined by means of sieving, particulate amorphous silicon dioxide and one or two or more of said further materials.
- Granules the mean grain diameter of which is greater than 0.2 mm, determined by sieving, for the production of a pourable additive for use as a component of an inorganic binder in the foundry industry, comprising particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, the proportion of silicon dioxide in the granules as a whole, determined by means of X-ray fluorescence analysis , and the proportion of silicon dioxide in at least 90% of the grains of the granules, the grain diameter of which is greater than 1 mm, in each case determined by sieving and subsequent X-ray fluorescence analysis, does not differ by more than 30%, preferably by no more than 20%, particularly preferred by no more than 10% differs, based on the total amount of silicon dioxide in the granulate.
- Granules the mean grain diameter of which is greater than 0.2 mm, determined by sieving, for the production of a pourable additive for use as a component of an inorganic binder in the foundry industry, comprising particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide in the granules being two or more different types of particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, the two or more types differing in their chemical composition, preferably one, two, more than two or all of the different types of particulate amorphous silicon dioxide being selected or independently selected from the group consisting of particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide which contains silicon dioxide in a proportion of at least 80% by weight, based on the total mass of the particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide, and at least carbon as a minor component oldest, preferably produced by reducing quartz in an electric arc furnace; particulate synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide, which comprises oxidic zirconium as a minor component and is preferably producible by thermal decomposition of Zr
- Granules the mean grain diameter of which is greater than 0.2 mm, determined by sieving, for the production of a pourable additive for use as a component of an inorganic binder in the foundry industry, comprising particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, the granules being producible by a process according to one of the
- Kit comprising, as a spatially separate component, a granulate according to one of aspects 45 to 51, preferably
- Kit for producing an inorganic binder preferably a binder comprising and / or consisting of an inorganic multicomponent binder system, at least comprising as spatially separated components
- Device for carrying out a method according to one of aspects 1 to 44 comprising a storage container containing particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, which silicon dioxide in a proportion of at least 80% by weight, based on the total mass of the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide, comprises a mixing or contacting device for mixing or contacting the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide with one, two or more further materials, a device for granulating, extruding and / or agglomerating the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide mixed or contacted with one, two or more further materials.
- Device additionally comprising one or more device elements selected from the group consisting of Device for transferring particulate amorphous silicon dioxide from the storage container into the mixing or contacting device one or more storage containers containing liquid, preferably liquid wetting and / or suspending agent, preferably water, one or more storage containers containing particulate material, preferably particulate inorganic material, preferably selected from the group consisting of oxides of aluminum, preferably aluminum oxide in the alpha phase, bauxite, oxides of zirconium, preferably zirconium (IV) oxide, aluminum / silicon mixed oxides, zinc oxide, barium sulfate, phosphorus-containing compounds, sheet silicates, graphite, carbon black, Glass spheres, oxides of magnesium, borosilicates, ceramic hollow spheres, oxidic boron compounds, preferably powdery oxidic boron compounds, and mixtures thereof,
- Device according to aspect 53 or 54 additionally comprising a device for filling or transporting manufactured granules.
- FIG. 1 shows a flow diagram of a first embodiment of a method 100 according to the invention for producing a molding material mixture 107 for use in the foundry industry.
- a particulate amorphous silicon dioxide is produced or provided, as is defined above.
- a second (enlargement) step 102 the particles of the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide are connected to form grains, so that a granulate 103 as defined above results which comprises a multiplicity of individual grains.
- the granulate produced is already a product of a method according to the invention.
- the granulate produced is contacted directly with water glass, so that an inorganic binder 105 results.
- the inorganic binder produced is also a product of a process according to the invention.
- the inorganic binder 105 produced is mixed with a fireproof base molding material, so that a molding material mixture 107 results as a product of the method according to the invention.
- the molding material mixture 107 produced is shaped and (at least partially) cured, so that a molded body 109 results as a product of the method according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a flow diagram of a second embodiment of a method 200 according to the invention for producing a molding material mixture 209 for use in the foundry industry.
- a particulate amorphous silicon dioxide is produced or provided, as is defined above.
- a second (enlargement) step 202 the particles of the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide are connected to form grains, so that a previously defined granulate 203 results, which comprises a plurality of individual grains.
- the granulate produced is already a product of a method according to the invention.
- a next step 204 the grains of the granulate 203 are comminuted, so that a solid, pourable additive 205 is produced.
- the additive produced is also a product of a method according to the invention.
- the granules produced are contacted with water glass, so that an inorganic binder 207 results.
- the inorganic binder produced is also a product of a process according to the invention.
- the inorganic binder 207 produced is mixed with a fireproof base molding material, so that a molding material mixture 209 results as a product of the method according to the invention.
- the molding material mixture 209 produced is shaped and (at least partially) cured, so that a molded body 211 results as a product of the method according to the invention.
- FIG. 3 shows in a flow diagram an alternative embodiment of a method 300 according to the invention for producing a molding material mixture 309 for use in the foundry industry.
- a particulate amorphous silicon dioxide is produced or provided, as is defined above.
- step 301a further materials are produced or provided (as defined in aspect 27 and the preceding description).
- a next (enlargement) step 302 the particles of the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide are combined to form grains, the further materials produced or provided in step 301a being added beforehand or during this in step 302a, so that the particles of the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide in the enlarging step be mixed and / or contacted with these further materials, so that the enlargement step results in a granulate 303 defined above, which comprises a plurality of individual grains.
- These individual grains include the particulate amorphous silica and the other materials.
- the granulate produced is already a product of a method according to the invention.
- a subsequent step 304 the grains of the granulate 303 are comminuted, so that a solid, pourable additive 305 is produced.
- the additive produced is also a product of a method according to the invention.
- the granulate produced is contacted with water glass, so that an inorganic binder 307 results.
- the inorganic binder produced is also a product of a process according to the invention.
- a next step 308 the inorganic binder 307 produced is mixed with a fireproof base molding material, so that a molding material mixture 309 results as a product of the method according to the invention.
- the molding material mixture 309 produced is shaped and (at least partially) cured, so that a molded body 311 results as a product of the method according to the invention.
- the steps 102, 202 and 302 shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 represent steps which are essential for the respective embodiment of the method according to the invention. Such steps are unprecedented in the prior art.
- Example 1 Method of determining the particle size distribution by means of laser scattering
- Particle size distributions of commercially available (from RW Silicium GmbH) and particulate in powder form silica fume particles (CAS number: 69012-64-2; particulate, amorphous silicon dioxide) from Si production were determined by way of example.
- amorphous silicon dioxide was mixed with about 100 mL of deionized (DI) water and the resulting batch was stirred with a magnetic stirrer (IKAMAG RET) for 30 seconds at a stirring speed of 500 revolutions per minute. Then an ultrasonic finger preset to 100% amplitude (Hielscher; type UP200HT) equipped with a sonotrode S26d7 (Hielscher) was immersed in the sample and the sample was sonicated with it. The sonication took place continuously (not pulsed). For the examined silica fume particles, optimal sonication times of 300 seconds were selected, which were determined in advance as described under point 1 .3 of Example 1 below.
- the measurements were carried out with a Horiba LA-960 measuring device (hereinafter LA-960).
- LA-960 Horiba LA-960 measuring device
- the circulation speed was set to 6, the stirring speed to 8, the data recording of the sample to 30,000, the convergence factor to 15, the type of distribution by volume and the refractive index (R) to 1.50-0.01 i ( 1.33 for dispersing medium deionized water) and the refractive index (B) set to 1.50-0.01 i (1.33 for dispersing medium deionized water).
- the laser scattering measurements were carried out at room temperature (20 ° C to 25 ° C).
- the measuring chamber of the LA-960 was filled to three quarters with deionized water (highest filling level).
- the stirrer was then started with the specified setting, the circulation was switched on and the water was degassed. A zero measurement was then carried out with the specified parameters.
- 0.5-3.0 ml sample was taken centrally from the sample prepared according to point 1.1 of Example 1 using a disposable pipette. The entire contents of the pipette were then placed in the measuring chamber so that the transmission of the red laser was between 80% and 90% and the transmission of the blue laser was between 70% and 90%. Then the measurement was started. The measurements were evaluated automatically on the basis of the specified parameters.
- the optimal duration of the ultrasound irradiation is determined by carrying out a series of measurements with different sonication times for each particulate species.
- the sonication time starting from 10 seconds, is lengthened by 10 seconds for each additional sample and the particle size distribution is determined by means of laser scattering (LA-960) immediately after the sonication is complete, as described under point 1.2 of Example 1.
- LA-960 laser scattering
- the sonication time was selected at which the lowest median value of the particle size distribution was determined in this series of measurements for the particle species; this sonication time is the "optimal" sonication time.
- Example 2 Representation specification for granules
- the synthetic, particulate amorphous silicon dioxide is added with water in several steps during mixing: 0.25 kg of water with a subsequent mixing time of 60 seconds, then an additional 0.5 kg of water with a subsequent mixing time of a further 240 seconds, then an additional 0.5 kg of water with a subsequent mixing time of a further 120 seconds and then an additional 1.0 kg of water with a subsequent mixing time after a further mixing time of 180 seconds.
- the suspension produced in this way is added dropwise by means of a pipette in individual drops to a commercially available aluminum foil heated to 250 ° C with a heating plate (and optionally sprayed with release agent) and dried so that the particles of the powder used combine to form grains and a Granulate results.
- the heating plate is preferably protected against contamination by a further layer of aluminum foil (arranged under the layer coming into contact with the suspension).
- the mass fraction of the particles with a size of less than 20 ⁇ m, determined by means of laser scattering, is lower in the granulate than in the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide.
- Example 3 bulk density: reduced dust generation
- the bulk density is determined with a laboratory balance (measurement uncertainty ⁇ 0.1 g), a metal measuring cylinder with a volume of (100 ⁇ 0.5) mL and an internal diameter of (45 ⁇ 5) mm, and a funnel (according to DIN EN ISO 60) with closure of the lower opening.
- the funnel is attached centrally at a height of 20 mm to 30 mm above the measuring cylinder and the sample is mixed well. About 120 mL to 130 mL of the sample are added to the funnel. The cap of the funnel opens quickly so that the sample material falls into the cylinder. Excess sample material is stripped off the cylinder with the help of a straight-edged object and then the contents of the cylinder are weighed, the mass of the contents of the cylinder is m the sample.
- the evaluation is carried out using the following formula:
- Example 2 granules were produced from synthetic, particulate amorphous silicon dioxide with a bulk density of 550 g / l. After drying, the granules according to the invention obtained in this way had an average grain diameter of 6 mm and a bulk density of 950 g / l.
- the granulate When poured, the granulate produced significantly less (fine) dust than the starting material, the synthetic, particulate amorphous silicon dioxide with a bulk density of 550 g / L.
- Example 2 From synthetic, particulate amorphous silicon dioxide with a bulk density of 550 g / L (identical to the material used in Example 4.1) and water was after Example 2 produced a granulate. The granules produced in this way were ground in a mixer attachment (Bosch, Universal Plus MUM 6N11 kitchen machine) for 10 s, so that a solid, pourable additive resulted.
- the classified granulate When poured, the classified granulate showed a significantly lower (fine) dust development than the starting material, the particulate amorphous silicon dioxide with a bulk density of approx. 550 g / L.
- the classified granules produced in this way were ground in a mixer attachment (from Bosch, Universal Plus MUM 6N11 kitchen machine) for 10 s, so that a solid, pourable additive was formed. 0.80 parts by weight of this solid, pourable additive were mixed by hand with 100 parts by weight of HS 00232 sand (quartz sand, Quarzwerke GmbH, AFS grain size number 47). Then 2.00 parts by weight of a water-glass-based, liquid binder (material with the trade name Cordis 9032; Huettees-Albertus Chemische Werke GmbH) were added and all components were mixed in a Bull mixer (TYPE RN 10/20, Morek Multiserw) for 120 seconds. mixed together at 220 revolutions per minute, so that the materials used were distributed homogeneously and so that a molding material mixture resulted.
- the molding material mixtures 4-A, 4-B and 4-C produced according to points 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3 of Example 4 were each shaped into test bars with the dimensions 22.4 mm ⁇ 22.4 mm ⁇ 185 mm.
- the respective molding material mixtures were introduced into a molding tool for test bars at a temperature of 160 ° C. with compressed air (4 bar) and a shot time of 3 seconds.
- the test bars were then hot-cured for 30 seconds at 160 ° C. without gassing.
- the mold was then opened, the hardened test bars removed and stored to cool.
- test bars produced according to point 4.4 of Example 4 from the molding material mixtures 4-A, 4-B and 4-C were, after a cooling time of one hour, placed in a Georg Fischer strength tester equipped with a 3-point bending device (company Morek Multiserw), inserted and measured the force that led to the breakage of the test bar.
- Liquids preferably liquid suspending media, preferably water, particulate materials, preferably particulate inorganic materials, preferably selected from the group consisting of oxides of aluminum, preferably aluminum oxide in the alpha phase, bauxite, oxides of zirconium, preferably zirconium (IV) oxide, Aluminum / silicon mixed oxides, zinc oxide, barium sulfate, phosphorus-containing compounds, sheet silicates, graphite, carbon black, glass spheres, oxides of magnesium, borosilicates, ceramic hollow spheres, oxidic boron compounds, preferably powdery oxidic boron compounds and mixtures thereof, water-soluble materials ,
- Surfactants preferably selected from the group consisting of:
- Linolyl sulfonate hexyl phosphate, 2-ethylhexyl phosphate, capryl phosphate, lauryl phosphate, myristyl phosphate, palmityl phosphate, palmitoleyl phosphate, oleyl phosphate, stearyl phosphate, poly (1,2-ethanediyl -) - phenol hydroxide (1, 2-ethanediyl -) - phenol hydroxide ethanediyl -) - stearyl phosphate, poly (1,2-et- handiyl -) - oleyl phosphate, polycarboxylate ether in water (Melpers 0030, BASF), modified polyacrylate in water (Melpers VP 4547/240 L, BASF), 2-ethylhexyl sulfate in water (Texapon EHS, from Cognis), polyglucoside in water (Glukoponate
- Film formers preferably polyvinyl alcohol and / or acrylic acid, - rheological additives (thickeners, thickeners), preferably selected from the group consisting of:
- - swellable clays preferably sodium bentonite or attapulgite / palygorskite
- - Swellable polymers preferably cellulose derivatives, in particular carboxymethyl, methyl, ethyl, hydroxyethyl and hydroxypropyl cellulose, plant glues, polyvinylpyrrolidone, pectin, gelatine, agar agar, polypeptides and / or alginates,
- Water repellants preferably organosilicon compounds, silanes, silanes, preferably trimethylsilanol, silicones and siloxanes, preferably polydimethylsiloxane, waxes, paraffins, metal soaps, and
- granules were obtained in an analogous manner.
- the granules obtained could each be processed into solid, pourable additive by grinding.
- Granules or solid, pourable additives were each successfully processed into molding material mixtures and these further processed into test bars.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102019121455 | 2019-08-08 | ||
DE102019131241.8A DE102019131241A1 (de) | 2019-08-08 | 2019-11-19 | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Artikels zur Verwendung in der Gießereiindustrie, entsprechendes Granulat sowie Kit, Vorrichtungen und Verwendungen |
PCT/EP2020/070124 WO2021023493A1 (de) | 2019-08-08 | 2020-07-16 | VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG EINES ARTIKELS ZUR VERWENDUNG IN DER GIEßEREIINDUSTRIE, ENTSPRECHENDES GRANULAT SOWIE KIT, VORRICHTUNGEN UND VERWENDUNGEN |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4010134A1 true EP4010134A1 (de) | 2022-06-15 |
Family
ID=74188295
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20742246.0A Withdrawn EP4010134A1 (de) | 2019-08-08 | 2020-07-16 | VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG EINES ARTIKELS ZUR VERWENDUNG IN DER GIEßEREIINDUSTRIE, ENTSPRECHENDES GRANULAT SOWIE KIT, VORRICHTUNGEN UND VERWENDUNGEN |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20220280996A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP4010134A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2022543468A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20220042212A (de) |
CN (1) | CN114269490A (de) |
BR (1) | BR112022001858A2 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102019131241A1 (de) |
MX (1) | MX2022001638A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2021023493A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004026443B3 (de) * | 2004-05-29 | 2006-02-02 | Stefanie Heller | Isolierende Granulate für Anwendungen im Hochtemperaturbereich |
DE102004042535B4 (de) | 2004-09-02 | 2019-05-29 | Ask Chemicals Gmbh | Formstoffmischung zur Herstellung von Gießformen für die Metallverarbeitung, Verfahren und Verwendung |
DE102006036381A1 (de) * | 2006-08-02 | 2008-02-07 | Minelco Gmbh | Formstoff, Gießerei-Formstoff-Gemisch und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Form oder eines Formlings |
DE102006049379A1 (de) | 2006-10-19 | 2008-04-24 | Ashland-Südchemie-Kernfest GmbH | Phosphorhaltige Formstoffmischung zur Herstellung von Giessformen für die Metallverarbeitung |
EA015239B1 (ru) | 2006-10-19 | 2011-06-30 | Ашланд-Зюдхеми-Кернфест Гмбх | Формовочная смесь, содержащая углеводы |
DE102007045649B4 (de) | 2007-09-25 | 2015-11-19 | H2K Minerals Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Form und/oder eines Kernes unter Verwendung von zerkleinerten natürlichen partikulären amorphen Kieselsäurematerialien im Gießereibereich und Binderzusammensetzung |
DE102007051850A1 (de) | 2007-10-30 | 2009-05-07 | Ashland-Südchemie-Kernfest GmbH | Formstoffmischung mit verbesserter Fliessfähigkeit |
KR101415208B1 (ko) | 2011-10-14 | 2014-08-07 | 주식회사 만도 | 차량 제어 장치 및 방법 |
DE102012104934A1 (de) | 2012-06-06 | 2013-12-12 | Ask Chemicals Gmbh | Forstoffmischungen enthaltend Bariumsulfat |
DE102012020511A1 (de) | 2012-10-19 | 2014-04-24 | Ask Chemicals Gmbh | Formstoffmischungen auf der Basis anorganischer Bindemittel und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formen und Kerne für den Metallguss |
DE102012020510B4 (de) | 2012-10-19 | 2019-02-14 | Ask Chemicals Gmbh | Formstoffmischungen auf der Basis anorganischer Bindemittel und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formen und Kerne für den Metallguss |
DE102012020509A1 (de) | 2012-10-19 | 2014-06-12 | Ask Chemicals Gmbh | Formstoffmischungen auf der Basis anorganischer Bindemittel und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formen und Kerne für den Metallguss |
DE102012113074A1 (de) | 2012-12-22 | 2014-07-10 | Ask Chemicals Gmbh | Formstoffmischungen enthaltend Metalloxide des Aluminiums und Zirkoniums in partikulärer Form |
DE102012113073A1 (de) | 2012-12-22 | 2014-07-10 | Ask Chemicals Gmbh | Formstoffmischungen enthaltend Aluminiumoxide und/oder Aluminium/Silizium-Mischoxide in partikulärer Form |
DE102013106276A1 (de) | 2013-06-17 | 2014-12-18 | Ask Chemicals Gmbh | Lithiumhaltige Formstoffmischungen auf der Basis eines anorganischen Bindemittels zur Herstellung von Formen und Kernen für den Metallguss |
DE102013111626A1 (de) | 2013-10-22 | 2015-04-23 | Ask Chemicals Gmbh | Formstoffmischungen enthaltend eine oxidische Bor-Verbindung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formen und Kernen |
DE102017107531A1 (de) | 2017-04-07 | 2018-10-11 | HÜTTENES-ALBERTUS Chemische Werke Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gießformen, Kernen und daraus regenerierten Formgrundstoffen |
-
2019
- 2019-11-19 DE DE102019131241.8A patent/DE102019131241A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2020
- 2020-07-16 MX MX2022001638A patent/MX2022001638A/es unknown
- 2020-07-16 US US17/633,480 patent/US20220280996A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2020-07-16 EP EP20742246.0A patent/EP4010134A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2020-07-16 JP JP2022507643A patent/JP2022543468A/ja active Pending
- 2020-07-16 BR BR112022001858A patent/BR112022001858A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2020-07-16 WO PCT/EP2020/070124 patent/WO2021023493A1/de unknown
- 2020-07-16 KR KR1020227007229A patent/KR20220042212A/ko unknown
- 2020-07-16 CN CN202080056447.4A patent/CN114269490A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
MX2022001638A (es) | 2022-03-11 |
JP2022543468A (ja) | 2022-10-12 |
US20220280996A1 (en) | 2022-09-08 |
WO2021023493A1 (de) | 2021-02-11 |
KR20220042212A (ko) | 2022-04-04 |
BR112022001858A2 (pt) | 2022-03-29 |
CN114269490A (zh) | 2022-04-01 |
DE102019131241A1 (de) | 2021-02-11 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP2908968B1 (de) | Formstoffmischungen auf der basis anorganischer bindemittel und verfahren zur herstellung von formen und kerne für den metallguss | |
DE102007045649B4 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Form und/oder eines Kernes unter Verwendung von zerkleinerten natürlichen partikulären amorphen Kieselsäurematerialien im Gießereibereich und Binderzusammensetzung | |
DE102012020510B4 (de) | Formstoffmischungen auf der Basis anorganischer Bindemittel und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formen und Kerne für den Metallguss | |
EP3010669B1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von lithiumhaltigen formstoffmischungen auf der basis eines anorganischen bindemittels zur herstellung von formen und kernen für den metallguss | |
WO2014059969A2 (de) | Formstoffmischungen auf der basis anorganischer bindemittel und verfahren zur herstellung von formen und kerne für den metallguss | |
WO2018185251A1 (de) | VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON GIEßFORMEN, KERNEN UND DARAUS REGENERIERTEN FORMGRUNDSTOFFEN | |
EP2841220A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von formen und kernen für den metallguss sowie nach diesem verfahren hergestellte formen und kerne | |
EP3060362A2 (de) | Formstoffmischungen enthaltend eine oxidische bor-verbindung und verfahren zur herstellung von formen und kernen | |
EP3565673A1 (de) | SCHLICHTEZUSAMMENSETZUNG FÜR DIE GIEßEREIINDUSTRIE, ENTHALTEND PARTIKULÄRES, AMORPHES SILIZIUMDIOXID UND SÄURE | |
DE102010043451A1 (de) | Kerne auf der Basis von Salz, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und deren Verwendung | |
WO2013014118A2 (de) | Speiser und formbare zusammensetzungen zu deren herstellung | |
EP2836318A2 (de) | Kerne auf der basis von salz, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und deren verwendung | |
WO2018127415A1 (de) | VERWENDUNG EINER SÄURE ENTHALTENDEN SCHLICHTEZUSAMMENSETZUNG IN DER GIEßEREIINDUSTRIE | |
WO2021023493A1 (de) | VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG EINES ARTIKELS ZUR VERWENDUNG IN DER GIEßEREIINDUSTRIE, ENTSPRECHENDES GRANULAT SOWIE KIT, VORRICHTUNGEN UND VERWENDUNGEN | |
WO2022013129A1 (de) | VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG EINES ARTIKELS ZUR VERWENDUNG IN DER GIEßEREIINDUSTRIE, ENTSPRECHENDE FORM, KERN, SPEISERELEMENT ODER FORMSTOFFMISCHUNG SOWIE VORRICHTUNGEN UND VERWENDUNGEN | |
WO2020229623A1 (de) | Verwendung eines partikulären materials umfassend ein teilchenförmiges synthetisches amorphes siliciumdioxid als additiv für eine formstoffmischung, entsprechende verfahren, mischungen und kits | |
EP1064112A1 (de) | Verwendung von eisenglimmer bei der herstellung von gussformen | |
DE102019116406A1 (de) | Additivmischung für Formstoffmischungen zur Herstellung wasserglasgebundener Gießereiformen und Gießereikerne | |
WO2024121207A1 (de) | Formstoff zur herstellung einer tongebundenen form und dessen verwendung in einem formstoffkreislauf |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20220309 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20240201 |