EP3994763A1 - Dispositif de mesure de la glycémie sans contact - Google Patents
Dispositif de mesure de la glycémie sans contactInfo
- Publication number
- EP3994763A1 EP3994763A1 EP20734782.4A EP20734782A EP3994763A1 EP 3994763 A1 EP3994763 A1 EP 3994763A1 EP 20734782 A EP20734782 A EP 20734782A EP 3994763 A1 EP3994763 A1 EP 3994763A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- face
- electronic unit
- signal
- extending over
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000009365 direct transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004064 dysfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
- A61B5/0507—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves using microwaves or terahertz waves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue
- A61B5/14532—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
- H01P1/201—Filters for transverse electromagnetic waves
- H01P1/203—Strip line filters
- H01P1/20327—Electromagnetic interstage coupling
- H01P1/20354—Non-comb or non-interdigital filters
- H01P1/20381—Special shape resonators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P7/00—Resonators of the waveguide type
- H01P7/08—Strip line resonators
- H01P7/082—Microstripline resonators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
- H01P1/201—Filters for transverse electromagnetic waves
- H01P1/203—Strip line filters
- H01P1/2039—Galvanic coupling between Input/Output
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P7/00—Resonators of the waveguide type
- H01P7/08—Strip line resonators
- H01P7/086—Coplanar waveguide resonators
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for measuring blood glucose in a living body, in particular in the human body, non-invasively, based on the interaction of a hyper frequency signal with the glucose molecule.
- Some people with dysfunction of blood sugar regulation that is, the concentration of glucose in the blood, need to take blood sugar tests several times a day to adjust corrective therapy.
- the most common technique is to take a small amount of blood with a lancet and analyze this sample using a test strip and a blood glucose meter. This causes discomfort in use and the risk of infection as the skin must be pierced with each sample.
- Document KR 10-1184420 B1 shows the realization of an antenna with a flat substrate, on one side of which a conductive strip runs in a spiral. A container with a glucose solution is deposited on the substrate at the level of the spiral and the coefficient of reflection at the entrance is measured by appropriate electronics. The document shows a sensitivity of this coefficient to the
- This device has the drawback of working at a very high frequency, which implies high manufacturing costs because the manufacturing techniques of the antenna and the measurement electronics must be very precise.
- the higher the signal frequency the smaller the antenna size. For the user, this means being precise in the positioning of the antenna during the measurement.
- the invention aims to provide a device for measuring blood glucose which allows a reasonable manufacturing cost and easy use.
- the invention relates to a device for measuring blood glucose in a living body comprising an antenna intended to be placed near the living body, an electronic unit for supplying the antenna with power and measuring a return signal from the body.
- the antenna comprises: a transmission line extending over a first face or a second face of a flat dielectric substrate and connected to the electronic unit; a ground plane extending over at least part of the second face of the substrate; at least one resonator extending over the first facing near the transmission line; the electronic unit being designed to supply the antenna with a signal at a predetermined frequency between 0.9 and 1.6 GHz, to measure a return signal, to determine the electrical characteristics of the antenna and to deduce a blood sugar level therefrom in the living body.
- this form of antenna allows the use of a signal whose frequency is lower than in the prior art and with excellent sensitivity.
- the transmission line acts as an exciter which puts the resonator into electrical resonance. It also serves as a sensor being influenced by the return signal from the resonator.
- the characteristics of the antenna are determined to resonate with the predetermined frequency.
- the characteristics of the antenna, and therefore the output signal are influenced by the level of glucose in the solution, the variation of the concentration of glucose in the medium involving a variation in the permittivity of this medium.
- the comfort of a person using it is improved.
- it is thus possible to measure the blood sugar level much more frequently and to monitor it almost in real time if necessary.
- the antenna built here has a larger size, which allows less sensitivity to the positioning of the antenna on the living body to perform the measurement. Use is made easier.
- manufacturing techniques require less precision, which lowers the cost of manufacturing both the antenna and the electronic unit to perform the measurement.
- the antenna has an even number of resonators arranged on either side of the transmission line.
- the emission and therefore measurement surface is increased without modifying the resonant frequency.
- the resonator is chosen from a group comprising a single divided ring resonator and a double divided ring resonator.
- the rings are elliptical, circular, polygonal, rectangular, square or triangular. These arrangements make it possible to comply with various size constraints.
- the antenna has four resonators with divided double circular rings.
- the transmission line is a microstrip extending over the first face, the ground plane extending over the entire second face.
- the resonators are therefore on the same side as the microstrip on either side of it.
- the transmission line is a coplanar line extending over the second face and separating the ground plane into two half-planes by substantially constant intervals.
- the electronic unit measures a reflection coefficient at the input S1 l, a direct transmission coefficient S21 or a phase shift between the input signal and the signal reflected by the antenna, and deduces the rate blood sugar level of one of these measurements or a combination of at least two of them.
- the electronic unit neutralizes the measurement if the phase shift is less than a predetermined threshold. It was found that the phase shift between the input signal and the output signal was not very important when no sample was opposite the antenna, but that this was significantly influenced by the presence of a sample of measurement containing glucose, which makes it possible to distinguish between situations with or without a sample to be measured.
- the predetermined threshold is for example between 30 and 40 °.
- Figure 1 is a functional schematic view of a device according to one embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 2 is a top view of the antenna of the device of Figure 1;
- Figure 3 is a bottom view of the antenna of Figure 2;
- Figure 4 is a diagram showing an amplitude related to the signal S1 l measured by electronics as a function of the glycemia of blood samples;
- Figure 6 is a diagram showing the phase shift measured by the electronics for five cases.
- Figure 7 is a top view of the antenna of the device according to a second embodiment
- Figure 8 is a bottom view of the antenna of Figure 7.
- a device for measuring blood glucose in a living body is shown schematically in FIG. 1.
- the device comprises an antenna 1 intended to be placed near the living body and an electronic unit. 2 to power antenna 1 and measure a return signal from antenna 1.
- the antenna 1, as represented in FIGS. 2 and 3, is made from a dielectric substrate in the form of a plate, for example based on glass fabric coated in a polyepoxide matrix, commonly used in industry. electronic and known under the reference FR4.
- Antenna 1 comprises:
- microstrip 10 extending over a first face 11 of the substrate and connected to the electronic unit 2; the microstrip 10 is called “microstrip” in English and is a copper track;
- resonators 14 with a double split ring extending on the first face 11 on either side of the microstrip 10 in symmetrical pairs.
- the resonators 14 are also called “SRR” for “split ring resonator” in English.
- the dimensions and characteristics of the antenna 1 are determined so that the resonant frequency is included in the range of 0.9 to 1.6 GHz.
- the electronic unit 2 is provided to supply the antenna 1 with a signal at a predetermined frequency close to the resonant frequency, to measure a return signal, to determine the electrical characteristics of the antenna 1 and to deduce therefrom a blood sugar level in the living body.
- the electronic unit 2 comprises a battery 20 supplying a
- microprocessor 22 and its accessories via a converter 21.
- microprocessor 22 controls a digital-to-analog converter 23 which controls a voltage-controlled oscillator 24 to generate a sinusoidal signal.
- the sinusoidal signal is supplied to a directional coupler 25 whose main output is directed towards antenna 1, and more precisely to one end of microstrip 10 provided with an input connector 15.
- the other end of microstrip 10 is provided with an output connector 16 which is connected to a radiofrequency switch 26 which selects either an output signal supplied by the output connector 16, or the signal coming from a measurement line of the directional coupler 25.
- the selected signal is sent to a gain and phase detector 27 which supplies two signals, a phase signal Vph and an amplitude signal Vma to the microprocessor 22.
- the microprocessor 22 digitizes these two signals and processes them to determine a phase shift f and the coefficients of reflection at input SI 1 and direct transmission S21. From these measurements, a blood sugar level is calculated.
- the blood glucose level can then for example be displayed on a screen 28a, made available via a digital interface such as a USB port 28b or a Bluetooth interface 28c.
- the blood glucose level is for example a direct function of the reflection coefficient at the input SI 1, for example linear or by a predetermined experimental law. In the same way, it is also possible to use the direct transmission coefficient S21 alone. It is also possible to use a combination of these two coefficients.
- the phase shift f is used to determine whether the measurement is made in the presence of a body to be measured. If the value is less than a predetermined threshold, for example between 30 and 40 °, we considers that no living body is in the field of antenna 1 and all measurements are invalidated.
- the variation in the concentration of glucose in the medium implies a variation in the permittivity of this medium. Consequently, the impedance of the latter varies, one can exploit this last property to extract the information on the glycemia, by using the parameters S.
- an incident wave is sent from a first port, the input connector 15, to a second, the output connector 16. Part of the incident wave will be reflected to port 15 and another part will be transmitted to second port 16.
- Parameter SI 1 represents the reflected part of the incident power and the parameter S21 represents the power transmitted to the second port 16.
- the principle of the method used consists in finding a correlation between the variation in the concentration of glucose and the parameters S.
- the power absorbed by the resonator depends on the permittivity of the medium given that the equivalent capacity of the resonator depends on the medium.
- Figure 4 is a diagram with the ordinate an amplitude related to the SI 1 signal measured by electronics and the abscissa the glycemia of blood samples. It is noted that the absolute value of the signal SI 1 increases significantly with the blood sugar level.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the phase shift f in degrees measured by the electronics as a function of the glycemia of blood samples for the samples also represented in FIG. 4.
- an increase in the phase shift f is observed as a function of the rate blood sugar.
- Figure 6 is a bar graph representing the phase shift f for the samples of Figure 4 and for two additional cases. The five cases are as follows:
- FIG. 6 shows very clearly that the cases with a weak phase shift are measurements without the presence of a body to be measured (cases A and B), and is therefore a criterion for eliminating these measurements.
- the antenna G comprises a coplanar line 10 'in place of the microstrip.
- the coplanar line 10 ' is a rectilinear conductive track on the second face 12 and which separates the ground plane into two half-planes 13a, 13b.
- the two half-planes 13a, 13b are separated from the coplanar line 10 'by substantially constant intervals.
- the resonators 14 remain identical to the first embodiment on the first face 11.
- the connectors 15, 16 are connected to both ends of the coplanar line 10 '.
- the operating mode of the device remains identical to the first embodiment with this antenna 1 '.
- Resonators could be elliptical, circular, polygonal, rectangular, square, or triangular. It could also be simple split ring or closed ring resonators.
- the shapes can also be complementary shapes, that is, the rings are non-conductive parts cut from a conductive surface.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19184151.9A EP3761441A1 (fr) | 2019-07-03 | 2019-07-03 | Dispositif de mesure de la glycémie sans contact |
| PCT/EP2020/068650 WO2021001476A1 (fr) | 2019-07-03 | 2020-07-02 | Dispositif de mesure de la glycémie sans contact |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3994763A1 true EP3994763A1 (fr) | 2022-05-11 |
Family
ID=67402803
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19184151.9A Withdrawn EP3761441A1 (fr) | 2019-07-03 | 2019-07-03 | Dispositif de mesure de la glycémie sans contact |
| EP20734782.4A Withdrawn EP3994763A1 (fr) | 2019-07-03 | 2020-07-02 | Dispositif de mesure de la glycémie sans contact |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19184151.9A Withdrawn EP3761441A1 (fr) | 2019-07-03 | 2019-07-03 | Dispositif de mesure de la glycémie sans contact |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (2) | EP3761441A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2021001476A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2024544592A (ja) * | 2021-11-19 | 2024-12-03 | ユニヴェルシテ パリ-サクレー | 共振器のアレイまたはメタマテリアルを形成する互いに誘導結合した多周波電磁共振器の装置、およびその実装方法 |
| FR3132176B1 (fr) * | 2022-01-26 | 2024-11-08 | Univ Paris Saclay | "Dispositif de résonateurs électromagnétiques multifréquences couplés inductivement entre eux formant un réseau de résonateurs ou un méta-matériau, et procédé de mise en œuvre" |
| MA63555B1 (fr) * | 2023-12-28 | 2025-10-31 | Fondation de Recherche de Développement et d'Innovation en Sciences et Ingénierie | Conception et Développement d'un Smart Glucomètre non invasif à longue durée de vie |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20120086463A1 (en) * | 2010-10-12 | 2012-04-12 | Boybay Muhammed S | Metamaterial Particles for Near-Field Sensing Applications |
| KR101184420B1 (ko) | 2011-03-29 | 2012-09-20 | 서강대학교산학협력단 | 비?침습 센서를 이용한 혈당 측정 장치 및 방법 |
-
2019
- 2019-07-03 EP EP19184151.9A patent/EP3761441A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2020
- 2020-07-02 WO PCT/EP2020/068650 patent/WO2021001476A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2020-07-02 EP EP20734782.4A patent/EP3994763A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2021001476A1 (fr) | 2021-01-07 |
| EP3761441A1 (fr) | 2021-01-06 |
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