EP3956208A1 - Dispositif d'amarrage d'installations flottantes de surface, procede d'installation et procede de calibrage du dispositif correspondants - Google Patents
Dispositif d'amarrage d'installations flottantes de surface, procede d'installation et procede de calibrage du dispositif correspondantsInfo
- Publication number
- EP3956208A1 EP3956208A1 EP20717894.8A EP20717894A EP3956208A1 EP 3956208 A1 EP3956208 A1 EP 3956208A1 EP 20717894 A EP20717894 A EP 20717894A EP 3956208 A1 EP3956208 A1 EP 3956208A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mooring device
- mooring
- floating object
- water
- buoyancy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B2021/001—Mooring bars, yokes, or the like, e.g. comprising articulations on both ends
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
- B63B2021/501—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers by means of articulated towers, i.e. slender substantially vertically arranged structures articulated near the sea bed
Definitions
- the field of the invention is that of the ephemeral installation of maritime structures.
- the invention relates to a device for mooring and anchoring a floating object, such as a platform or a surface object, on a body of water, the device being able to allow its positioning. , its stability and security.
- the invention also relates to a method of implementation, and in particular of calibration and installation of such a mooring and anchoring device according to the invention, as well as various associated uses.
- floating object or surface object
- floating object is meant both a platform and a ship, or any object intended to be moored, the platform itself being able to be used for the secondary mooring of ships or secondary floating objects.
- the population density is exponential and the water level of the oceans and terrestrial water bodies is constantly rising. In 100 years, the world's population will drop from 7 billion to 11 billion people on earth. Such growth has consequences which, logically, affect both land habitat and sea-related activities.
- Document US 2017 350 083 discloses for example a mooring device comprising a telescopic tube fixed at one end to the ground and connected at the other end to a floating body.
- the invention therefore responds at least in part to this need by proposing a device for mooring an object floating in a body of water in a field of physical constraints corresponding to predetermined conditions of use of said device, said device comprising :
- anchoring means intended to anchor the device to the bottom of the body of water; securing means for securing the floating object to the securing device;
- a connecting assembly comprising a mast and a sliding element, the mast being connected to the anchoring means at one of its ends and cooperating at its other end with the sliding element connected to the securing means, so that the assembly link is likely to have a variable length depending on physical constraints.
- the mooring device has a variable length between at least two positions:
- a second extended position corresponding to a second length taken by the link assembly in at least a second condition of use of the mooring device, the second length being greater than the first length.
- the connecting assembly comprises means for correcting the buoyancy of the device within a buoyancy range defined by the conditions of use of the mooring device, so that the 'floating object is retained mobile on the body of water with a continuous dynamic adjustment tending towards a position of least effort depending on the physical constraints exerted on the floating object.
- the invention proposes a new and inventive approach making it possible to resolve at least in part the drawbacks of the prior art.
- buoyancy correction means or float
- the advantage of the implementation of buoyancy correction means, or float is to reduce or even neutralize the forces exerted on the floating object whatever the meteorological conditions to which the floating object is subjected (which may be a platform or a ship for example), by generating a return torque, or resistance.
- connection assembly allows the mooring device to take up the physical stresses and the forces transmitted to the floating object such as the forces linked to the effects of wind, swell, currents, the effects of surges. and tidal, flood and / or water level rise, and therefore that the floating object can be kept mobile on the water body, dynamically and continuously, constantly to a position of least effort according to the physical constraints exerted on him. It should be noted that this resumption of the physical stresses and of the forces transmitted takes place gradually, that is to say with a progressive resistance, so that there is little or no stop effect during the resumption of physical stresses and of the forces transmitted to the floating object such as the forces linked to the aforementioned climatic effects.
- the device according to the invention also makes it possible to correct the natural excitation period of the floating object by using such a connecting element.
- the floating object if it is excited at its resonant frequency by external effects (swells, wind, ...) risks entering into uncontrollable vibrations which could cause damage whatsoever to the floating object or device.
- the means for correcting the buoyancy of the device consist of at least one portion with calibrated density of the mast and / or sliding element having a relative density lower than that of the body of water.
- the sliding element comprises a rod around which the portion with calibrated density extends.
- the portion with calibrated density having a relative density lower than that of the body of water is formed according to a configuration belonging to the group comprising:
- the means for correcting the buoyancy of the device comprise means for adjusting the degree of buoyancy of the device within the range of use, these means adjustments being adjustable according to the predetermined conditions of use of said device.
- the means for adjusting the degree of buoyancy of the device are provided on the portion with calibrated density of the mast and / or sliding element.
- the securing means allow at least two degrees of freedom in rotation between the securing device and the floating object.
- the anchoring means keep the mooring device fixed relative to the bottom of the body of water, the mast having an elastic portion in the vicinity of the means of anchoring.
- the anchoring means allow at least two degrees of freedom in rotation of the mooring device with respect to the bottom of the body of water.
- this makes it possible to limit the movement of such a floating object and therefore to limit the risks of damage to such a floating object.
- this makes it possible to implement a mooring device that is easier to use.
- it further comprises at least one sensor.
- the sensor can belong to the group comprising:
- said device when it is not connected to a floating object, said device is movable between at least:
- said first condition of use of the device corresponds to a first combination of values of parameters of use of said device
- said second condition of use of the device corresponds for at least a second combination of values said parameters of use of said device, said parameters of use of said device belonging to the group including:
- the buoyancy range is predetermined by the conditions of use of the mooring device.
- the sliding element further comprises a ballastable segment, independent of the buoyancy correction means.
- the invention also relates to a method of installing a mooring device according to one of the aforementioned embodiments, comprising the following steps:
- the method comprises the subsequent steps of:
- the invention further relates to a method for calibrating, on land, a mooring device according to one of the aforementioned embodiments, comprising a step of defining a range of buoyancy as a function of the conditions of use of the vessel. mooring device.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the mooring device according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the mooring device according to the embodiment of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is an external view of the mooring device according to a second embodiment of the invention, showing an alternative to the securing means of the embodiment of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 4 is an external view of the mooring device according to the embodiment of FIG. 1;
- Figure 5 is a sectional view of the mooring device according to the embodiment of Figure 3;
- FIG. 6 is an external view of the mooring device according to the embodiment of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 7 is a transparent view of the mooring device according to the embodiment of FIG. 3;
- FIG. 8 is a transparent view of the mooring device according to the embodiment of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the anchoring means of the device according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the mooring means according to a first embodiment
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the mooring means according to a second embodiment
- FIG. 12 is a detailed perspective view of the anchoring of a device at the bottom of the body of water, according to one embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the mooring device according to the first embodiment, connected to a floating object, and in the short position;
- FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the mooring device according to the first embodiment, connected to a floating object, itself having a load, and in the short position;
- FIG. 15 is a schematic view illustrating the distribution of the forces exerted on the mooring device according to the first embodiment, connected to a floating object, and in the extended position;
- FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the mooring device according to the first embodiment, connected to a floating object, and in the extended position;
- FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the mooring device according to the first embodiment, connected to a floating object, itself having a load, and in the extended position;
- FIG. 18 is a schematic view illustrating the distribution of the forces exerted on the mooring device according to the first embodiment, connected to a floating object, and in the extended position;
- FIG. 19 is a schematic view illustrating the step of towing the mooring device to the body of water
- FIG. 20 is a schematic view illustrating the step of ballasting the mooring device so that it can be positioned opposite the anchoring means;
- FIG. 21 is a schematic view illustrating the step of anchoring the mooring device by means of fixing the anchoring means to reception means provided at the bottom of the body of water.
- FIG. 22 is a schematic view illustrating the step of deballasting the mooring device so that it can be positioned facing a floating object
- FIG. 23 is a schematic view illustrating the step of ballasting the submerged mooring device, and connected to the anchoring means, so that it has negative buoyancy;
- FIG. 24 is a schematic view of a mooring device according to a third embodiment.
- the present invention is based on a completely innovative approach which consists in providing, for a body of water, that a floating object such as a platform or a surface object (ship, station), be mounted or moored, or secured to a mooring device, itself anchored to the bottom of the body of water, so that the floating object is retained mobile on the body of water with a continuous dynamic adjustment tending to a position of least effort depending physical stresses exerted on the floating object.
- a floating object such as a platform or a surface object (ship, station)
- a mooring device itself anchored to the bottom of the body of water
- the physical stress field is understood here by all the physical constraints exerted by the environment (wind, rain, etc.) in which the floating object is placed (weather conditions, undue forces in the body of water such as than the current and the chemical composition of the body of water) as well as by all the forces exerted by other elements (forces exerted by a secondary floating object coming to dock with the floating object, forces exerted by the device mooring on the floating object and vice versa, ).
- the effort on the mooring device is thus limited, but above all, the comfort for the floating structure is improved (damping of movements, stability, etc.).
- the buoyancy of the device is adapted within a range of buoyancy defined by the conditions of use of the mooring device.
- buoyancy is a force exerted on bodies immersed in a fluid (liquid or gas), which are therefore subjected to Archimedes' thrust. It opposes the force of gravity, since it is directed from the bottom up.
- the mooring device according to the invention is intended to be installed in a body of water such as an open or closed sea, a cove, a port, a lake, a water reserve, etc.
- a body of water such as an open or closed sea, a cove, a port, a lake, a water reserve, etc.
- Such a device is suitable for any type of body of water including those subject to a large amplitude depending on the height of the water and the envisaged tidal range. It is intended to be connected to a floating object used in this body of water.
- floating object is understood to mean both a platform and a ship, or any object intended to be moored, the platform itself being able to be used for the secondary mooring of ships or secondary floating objects.
- a floating object can be a docking platform for yachts, a station which can be meteorological or of another type, a set of buoys, etc.
- the floating object can designate any device or device. surface or floating installation such as for example a dwelling, a floating villa, a platform or leisure station or reception of seaside, nautical, commercial, industrial, technical, transport, safety, beaconing, or even relay. Therefore, the general principle of the mooring device is to act as a foundation for this floating object.
- the mooring device according to the invention provides several advantages.
- it makes it possible to limit the impact on the natural environment by making it possible to avoid the scraping of funds and control of the reception process while ensuring the protection of our coastline by avoiding the destructive effects on the protected species which ensure the maintenance. and the development of the marine biotope.
- It also ensures the stability of the surface floating installation at an attachment point regardless of the natural physical conditions impacting the body of water such as the effects of swell, wind, current and / or tidal range.
- It also makes it possible to control and ensure the maintenance at one point of the floating installation on a body of water and to ensure the protection of people and property in the event of flooding and / or tidal range regardless of its condition. installation depth.
- It also makes it possible to control, while reducing it greatly, for example by at least 4 times, the avoidance surface of a floating surface installation.
- it makes it possible to manage an environment monitoring system by installing monitoring devices.
- the present invention also aims to provide a mooring process which is particularly simple and easy to implement and reversible, and whose implementation does not have a negative impact on the environment or at least a comparatively limited impact. to the techniques of the prior art.
- the present invention makes it possible to preserve the bottoms of the bodies of water in which it is implemented and is specific to floating or surface installations.
- the present invention finally aims to ensure that the floating object can remain emerged (except for a possible part of the floating object designed to move underwater such as a ship's keel) and that its movements are limited whatever. or the external conditions (swells, wind, currents, ).
- the device can also provide buoyancy to the floating object.
- V the wind speed at the center of thrust of the floating object, this speed
- AL the projected area of the floating object exposed to the crosswind ("large area")
- L the length of the floating object
- Cv the shape coefficient of the floating object, between 1, 0 and 1, 3,
- a L the surface of the longitudinal master torque of the floating object (transverse projection, that is to say on a longitudinal plane): "the largest submerged section",
- A the surface of the transverse master-couple of the floating object (longitudinal projection, that is to say on a transverse plane): “the smallest submerged section”,
- C L the dimensionless coefficient of longitudinal shape (varying between 0.2 and 0.6 depending on the geometric shapes of the floating object),
- F f r the component of the force transverse to the floating object
- F fL the component of the longitudinal force at the floating object
- a ' L the total submerged surface reduced by twice the transverse master torque (2.
- a T the total submerged surface reduced by twice the longitudinal master torque (2 A L )
- Cr the dimensionless coefficient of friction
- the action of the swell is characterized by a sinusoidal movement of variable frequency and intensity.
- the device according to the invention intends to respond to these oscillations and to dampen the residual movement on the floating structure.
- the device having a variable length, it adapts to the variation of sea level which can be either linked to an overall increase / decrease (tide, etc.) or to the action of the swell.
- the device according to the invention also intends to correct the natural excitation period of the floating object. Indeed, the floating object, if it is excited at its resonant frequency by external effects (swells, wind, ...) risks entering into uncontrollable vibrations which could cause damage whatsoever to the floating object or device.
- this mooring device may consist of a sliding element associated with a body which may be cylindrical or of any other shape, equipped with a variable buoyancy volume. ,), which can be a pod (or mast) or a piston device.
- the operating principle is based on the fact that a mass with positive buoyancy, for example a mass of air, is offset by the action of external elements on the floating object, which therefore generates a resistive torque making it possible to balance the forces acting on the system (including the floating object, the mooring device and receiving means provided at the bottom of the body of water) so that the floating object is retained mobile on the body of water with a continuous dynamic adjustment tending to a position of least effort according to the physical stresses exerted on the attached floating object.
- a mass with positive buoyancy for example a mass of air
- the device can also consist of an articulated mast having, for example, a stop hinge.
- the mast is no longer piston but articulated with a stop hinge.
- the joint opens and the volume of air moves away from the fixed point, which generates a return torque, also making it possible to balance the forces exerted on the system (including the floating object, the mooring device and reception means provided at the bottom of the body of water).
- the presence of the mooring device, and in particular of the connecting assembly (which is in the first embodiment a piston device), allows the device to take over the physical stresses and the forces transmitted to the platform. or the surface object such as the forces linked to the effects of wind, swell, currents, the effects of surges and tides, floods and / or water level rise.
- the latter comprises a connecting assembly 4 comprising a mast 40 and a sliding element 41.
- the mast 40 is connected to anchoring means (described below) at one of its ends 400 and cooperates at its other end 401 with the sliding element 41 fixed to the securing means ( described below), so that the link assembly 4 is likely to have a variable length depending on the physical constraints.
- this mast 40 is hollow and compartmentalized. It contains a fluid which is, here, air.
- the mast 40 has here a substantially cylindrical shape and complementary to the shape of the sliding element, so that the latter can slide in the mast 40.
- the inner surface of the mast 40 is complementary to the shape of the outer surface of the sliding element 41, on the sliding portion.
- the mast could be made, in other embodiments, for the mast to have another shape, for example a rectangular or triangular shape.
- the mast Because its role is to transmit the forces subjected to the floating object, the mast must prove to be relatively resistant. Therefore, it can be made of steel, fiberglass, carbon fiber, elastomer. It can also be made of another material capable of being resistant to physical stresses.
- the mooring device 1 has a variable length between at least two positions:
- a first short position (illustrated in particular in FIGS. 13 to 15), corresponding to a first length L0 taken by the link assembly 4 in a first condition of use of the device;
- a second extended position (illustrated in particular in Figures 16 to 18), corresponding to a second length L1 taken by the link assembly 4 in at least one second condition of use of the mooring device 1
- the second length L1 is greater than the first length L0.
- the second length L1 corresponds to a maximum extension length.
- the first condition of use of the device corresponds to a first combination of values of parameters of use of said device
- the second condition of use of the device corresponds for at least a second combination of values of parameters of use of said device, said parameters of use of the device belonging to the group including:
- the first condition of use corresponds to a situation in which the mooring device is under load (connected to a floating object) and the physical constraints exerted on the floating object 9 are relatively low so that the longitudinal forces exerted on the link assembly are low enough for the latter to be kept vertical relative to the device, this mooring device 1 also moving along a vertical axis V.
- length L0 can be considered as a minimum extension length.
- the mooring device is spaced from the vertical axis V by an angle substantially equal to 30 degrees.
- the mast 40 and the sliding element 41 form a piston, closed by an annular plate 410 and the sliding of which is facilitated by a ring 411.
- This piston when it is in action, makes it possible to expel the water contained in the compartments of the mast 40 and to make a call for fluid (here air) in the opposite volume of the mast (corresponding to the compartments not containing water), the flushing of water and the call for air are not carried out at the same speed which allows the absorption of the forces linked to the dynamic load induced on the surface object, for example example by the swell, the tides, the effects of surges, the currents the flood and / or the wind, by damping the system by the transit of the fluid in this piston and thus the damping or the reduction of the oscillations of the object of area.
- a call for fluid here air
- the device being piston, by means of this connection assembly 4, it can adapt to the variation in sea level either linked to an overall increase / decrease (tide, etc.) or to the swell action.
- the piston can compensate for these transient effects and reduce the movements of the floating object by the variability of the length of the linkage assembly and the sliding of the piston.
- two phenomena can be at play:
- the mast 40 can, in this embodiment, be ballasted. Ballasting is defined respectively by the filling of a body with a fluid similar to that in which the body is submerged (here water similar to that of the body of water). Its opposite, deballasting consists of emptying the fluid and replacing it with a fluid that is lighter than that in which the body is immersed, for example air.
- the mast 40 has two orifices (not shown) provided with a valve (for example one located in the lower part and the other in the upper part). If the volume is full of a fluid that is lighter than the fluid in which the device is immersed (air for example), when the two taps are opened, one will let out the lighter fluid (the air) while the other will allow the introduction of the surrounding fluid (water from the body of water). Once the body is filled with the desired fluid, the taps are closed. Deballasting is carried out in a similar way with the opening of the two taps and the forced injection of a fluid lighter than the fluid inside the body which will generate the departure of the heavy fluid and its replacement by the fluid. lightweight. Once the operation is complete, the taps are closed again.
- a valve for example one located in the lower part and the other in the upper part.
- ballasting or deballasting can make it possible to vary the return torque that the piston can generate, this being able to be useful according to the potential physical constraints corresponding to the predetermined conditions of use of the device.
- the ballasting or deballasting of the piston makes it possible to vary the mass of the floating object / piston assembly and therefore to change its resonant frequency, which can make it possible to combat the effects of resonance of the swell.
- the link assembly 4 further comprises means 42 for correcting the buoyancy of the device 1 inside. a range of buoyancy defined by the conditions of use of the mooring device 1.
- buoyancy correction means 42 or float
- the objective of these buoyancy correction means 42, or float is to reduce or even neutralize the forces exerted on the floating object whatever the meteorological conditions to which the floating object is subjected (which may be a platform or a ship. for example), by generating a recall torque.
- the link assembly 4 (which is in this first embodiment a piston device coupled to a float), allows the mooring device to take over the physical stresses and the forces transmitted to the floating object as the forces related to the effects of wind, swell, currents, the effects of surges and tides, floods and / or water level rise, and therefore that the floating object can be retained mobile on the body of water, in a dynamic and continuous manner, constantly towards a position of least effort according to the physical constraints exerted on it.
- the means for correcting the buoyancy of the mooring device consist of at least one portion 44 with calibrated density of the mast and / or of the sliding element having a relative density lower than that of the plane of water.
- the means 42 for correcting the buoyancy of the mooring device consist of a portion of the mast which has a relative density less than that of the body of water, so that the float has positive buoyancy.
- the sliding element 41 comprises a rod which slides inside the mast 40, it follows that the portion having a relative density lower than that of the body of water extends around this rod.
- This portion is here made in one part.
- this portion would be divided into several parts, for example balanced along the length of the mast.
- the float is substantially symmetrical around the sliding element and the resultant of its Archimedean thrust turns out to be in fact centered.
- the portion having a relative density lower than that of the body of water is formed according to a configuration belonging to the group comprising:
- the closed cavities formed in the mast 40 and / or sliding element 41 (here in the mast) containing a fluid or a material having a relative density lower than that of the body of water.
- This fluid can, for example, be air. It can also be hydrogen. So that the buoyancy of these buoyancy correction means 42 is positive, this fluid or material must nevertheless have a relative density lower than that of the body of water.
- the float can be made of steel, fiberglass, carbon fiber, elastomer. It can also be made of another material, provided that these mechanical characteristics allow it to fulfill its objective of hermetically maintaining a volume of fluid.
- the means 42 for correcting the buoyancy of the device 1 comprise means 420 for adjusting the degree of buoyancy of said device 1 within the range of use, these adjustment means 420 (illustrated in FIG. 22) being adjustable as a function of the predetermined conditions of use of the device 1.
- the predetermined conditions of use of the device may depend on the type of body of water (lake, port, open sea), the type of floating object (ship, platform, station, etc.), thus other criteria such as the region of the world (which gives rise to different climatic conditions), the materials used for the device, the anchoring ground, etc.
- the means 420 for adjusting the degree of buoyancy of the device 1 are provided on the portion 43 of the mast 40.
- the buoyancy correction means can also be ballasted or deballasted. This ballasting can be done by means of the adjustment means 420.
- ballasting or deballasting can make it possible to vary the buoyancy of the mooring device, this being able to be useful according to the potential physical constraints corresponding to the predetermined conditions of use of the device.
- the device comprises means 2 for anchoring to the ground, which are intended to anchor this device to the bottom of the body of water.
- anchoring means are adapted and calibrated according to the floating object and comprise a structure articulated on an ecological anchoring system adapted to the intrinsic nature of the bottom of the body of water and to the nature of the biotope present.
- these anchoring means are intended to cooperate with receiving means provided at the bottom of the body of water, and more particularly to be attached to these receiving means 8 provided at the bottom of the body of water.
- receiving means provided at the bottom of the body of water
- the anchoring means 2 comprise a hooking element 21 directly connected to the receiving means 8 provided at the bottom of the body of water, a plurality of shackles 22, and a solid plate 23 which is placed in contact with the end 400 of the mast 40.
- the hooking element is reversibly fixed to the receiving means provided at the bottom of the body of water and has an orifice in which a portion of one of the shackles 22 is housed.
- these shackles 22 as well as the attachment element 21 and the solid plate 23 make it possible to implement anchoring means 2 which allow at least two degrees of freedom in rotation of the mooring device 1 with respect to the flat bottom of water. More particularly, in this embodiment, two shackles are used, the movement of one relative to the other being possible on two axes of rotation, which are the x and y axes, as shown for example in FIG. 12. Therefore, the z axis, corresponding to an axis vertical of the device, when it is in an initial equilibrium, is here locked in rotation for the device.
- anchoring means keep the mooring device fixed with respect to the bottom of the body of water, for example by implementing anchoring means blocking the assembly. rotations and translations.
- the mast must have an elastic portion in the vicinity of the anchoring means so that the floating object can be retained mobile on the plane of 'water with a continuous dynamic adjustment tending towards a position of least effort as a function of said physical stresses exerted on it.
- Anchoring means could also be implemented which allow three degrees of freedom in rotation of the mooring device with respect to the water level bottom, for example by means of a ball joint.
- anchoring means also allow one or more degrees of freedom in translation.
- the mooring device has a weak link, that is to say a point which, if necessary, can give way.
- a weak link that is to say a point which, if necessary, can give way.
- the weak link is constituted by the means for anchoring to the ground, and more particularly by the shackles 22.
- the anchoring means comprise a resistance chain 24 which makes it possible to double the strength of the device and which is fixed to the attachment element 21 and the solid plate 22.
- a resistance chain 24 avoids thus the drift of the floating object as well as of the mooring device 1.
- this chain 24 is energized which can make it possible to create an alert to a user.
- Such an alert can, for example, be created if conditions of sizing have been exceeded or if a voltage exceeding a predetermined threshold is detected in this string.
- the device also comprises securing means intended to secure the floating object 9 to the mooring device 1.
- the term “securing” is understood to mean the connection between two elements which are each movable.
- lashing means can, for example, be made according to the floating object to be moored (weight, buoyancy, forces and load moments).
- securing means can thus, according to the embodiments, be produced in the form of a spherical assembly and / or a longitudinal assembly which are fixed to an upper end of the sliding element 41 associated with the mast 40.
- the the spherical assembly and the longitudinal assembly constitute rotation devices which ensure the free movement of the floating object 9 so that this floating object 9 is retained mobile on the water body with a continuous dynamic adjustment tending towards a position of lesser effort as a function of the physical constraints exerted on it.
- one embodiment of the securing means 3 produced in the form of a spherical assembly comprises an outer cage 30 making it possible to secure the floating object to the rest of the securing means 3 in order to ensure the principles of rotation, oscillation and horizontal maintenance of said floating installation on the surface of a body of water.
- the securing means 3 also comprise a ball 33 assembled to a joint 32 and to a half-shell 31, the whole being secured on one side to a solid plate 34 and on the other side to the outer cage 30.
- This outer cage 30 can preferably be a metal cage.
- the half-shell 31 it is preferably made of EPDM type rubbers (ethylene-propylene-diene monomer).
- Such securing means 3 can also be coated with Teflon or PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) and equipped with in-line lubricators. In this way, this makes it possible to equip the mooring device with lashing means capable of withstanding various conditions of use.
- Teflon or PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- the lashing means 3 allow at least two degrees of freedom in rotation between the mooring device 1 and the floating object 9. More particularly, here, movement is authorized on two axes of rotation, which are the x and y axes, as shown for example in FIG. 1. Therefore, the z axis, corresponding to a vertical axis of the device, when it is in an initial equilibrium, is here locked in rotation for the device.
- securing means which allow three degrees of freedom in rotation of the floating object relative to the securing device.
- the mooring means 3 ' are made in the form of a longitudinal assembly comprising a system of nuts 37 and shackles 36 distributed on either side of a swivel 38, the everything being secured on one side to a solid plate 39 brought into contact with the sliding element 41, and on the other side to a connecting piece 35 with the floating object.
- the operation of the mooring device according to the invention is based on the principle that at a given moment (corresponding to the forces exerted on the object floating), a volume of air must move away from the vertical axis V, and generate a return torque.
- the mast 40 In equilibrium and in the absence of force, the mast 40 is vertical and focused on the means 8 for receiving the substratum as well as on the means for attaching to the means 3 for securing.
- the volume of fluid contained in the float 42 puts the anchoring means 2 under tension.
- Force F applied to the floating object on the surface (force linked to external phenomena such as swell, wind, currents, etc.)
- the resistance force of the reception means 8 ANC
- the piston formed by the mast and the sliding element can have positive, negative or neutral buoyancy. This can for example be adjusted prior to the installation of the device or adjustable if necessary by ballasting / deballasting of water from the body of water in the mast 40, according to the predetermined conditions of use.
- the predetermined conditions of use take into account the fact that:
- the Archimedean thrust on the Apod buoyancy correction means therefore being equal to the sum of the weight of the device, the receiving means 8, and the resistive force of these receiving means 8, the means 42 for correcting the buoyancy of the mooring device 1 are here configured so that the mooring device has a buoyancy located within a buoyancy range defined by said conditions of use including the weight of the device, the weight of the receiving means and the resistive force of the receiving means 8.
- the inclination of the device 1 therefore implies that the forces are no longer collinear.
- Apod therefore the moment acts with a lever arm which is a function of the sine of the angle of inclination of the mooring device.
- the means 42 for correcting the buoyancy of the mooring device 1 are configured so that the mooring device has a buoyancy located within a buoyancy range defined by said conditions of use which, in addition to including the weight of the device, the weight of the receiving means and the resisting force of the receiving means 8, also include the load to be taken up (corresponding to the payload planned to be moored to this device), the height of water and the desired maximum slope.
- the load to be taken up corresponding to the payload planned to be moored to this device it will be relatively variable for this mooring device. Indeed, a load to be taken up for a mooring device like that illustrated in FIG. 13, to which a simple floating object 9 is stowed, is obviously not the same as a load to be taken up for a mooring device like the one illustrated in FIG. 14, to which a floating object 9 accommodating a ship N is stowed.
- the mooring device 1 illustrated in FIG. 13 is here identical to the mooring device illustrated in FIG. 14 owing to the fact that it is intended to be moored to the floating object 9 itself being intended to accommodate ships.
- the sizing conditions for the mooring device are as follows:
- the mooring device will have an overall height of approximately 12 m and the volume of the float will be approximately 68 m 3 depending on the distribution of the attached plane.
- the sliding element will be extended by approximately 4.70 m.
- the mast should resume a bending moment of about 50t.m.
- the anchoring means provided at the bottom will have to take a vertical force of 50t and a horizontal force of about 18 1.
- the anchoring means at the bottom of the body of water and the mast are provided with equipment for monitoring and controlling the environment.
- the equipment for monitoring and controlling the environment is attached to the link element.
- This equipment for monitoring and controlling the environment includes at least one sensor.
- these sensors will belong to the group comprising:
- a water quality measurement sensor (turbidity, temperature, salinity,
- a sensor for measuring various secondary physical parameters (swells, water levels, etc.).
- These environmental monitoring and control equipment can also be fitted with a system for tracking vessels in navigation in an area near the mooring device.
- It can also be equipped with an alert system to warn of a problem with the integrity of the device.
- Environmental monitoring and control equipment installed on the mooring device can be of interest for science, for the Navy, and for the customer in the context of maintenance.
- the method of installing this mooring device according to the invention comprises the following steps:
- the stage of towing the mooring device to the body of water, illustrated in FIG. 19, can be carried out by low nautical means due to its buoyancy, the float preferably being deballasted to facilitate transport. is done here until the device is placed vertically above the receiving means 8.
- the step of ballasting the mooring device 1 so as to submerge it is carried out vertically to the receiving means 8.
- This ballasting can, for example, be done by means of adjustment of the degree of buoyancy of the device which are provided on the float.
- This ballasting step allows the float to have neutral or even negative buoyancy.
- the anchoring step of the mooring device by means of fixing the anchoring means 2 to receiving means 8 provided at the bottom of the body of water, illustrated in figure 21, can be done by means of people coming to connect these anchoring means to the receiving means.
- the mooring device is deballasted. This step is illustrated in FIG. 22.
- the mooring device is arranged along the substantially vertical V axis.
- deballasting can, for example, be done by means of adjusting means of the degree of buoyancy of the device which are provided on the float.
- the attachment of the mooring device 1 to the floating object by means of an attachment of the securing means 3 to fixing means on the floating object can also be done by means of people connecting these anchoring means to the receiving means. In this way, this allows easy and rapid joining and / or detachment of the platform or the surface object.
- this mooring device also constitutes reversible and removable equipment, not permanently fixed to the bottom of the water.
- the advantage of the solution of this device is that it allows easy storage when the external conditions are not favorable for its use or when its use is not desired (winter in particular).
- the mooring device can, for example, be unhitched from the anchor to the ground and towed ashore to be stored and maintained.
- the anchoring part to the ground is left to allow rapid re-mooring the following season.
- the method of installing this mooring device comprises the following steps:
- this mooring device when it is not connected to a floating object, this mooring device is movable between at least:
- the passage from one position to another position is effected by action at the level of the means for adjusting the degree of buoyancy of the mooring device.
- a method of calibrating the mooring device on land is also performed, this method comprising a step of defining a range of buoyancy as a function of the conditions of use of the mooring device.
- the device can also consist of an articulated mast formed in two parts 40 ′, 4 having, for example, a stop hinge.
- the mast is no longer piston but articulated with an articulation 44 ', which is here a stop hinge.
- the float 42 ' is here provided at the level of the upper part of the mast, namely part 4.
- the joint 44' opens and the volume of air moves away from the fixed point, which generates a return torque, also making it possible to balance the forces acting on the system (including the floating object, the mooring device and receiving means provided at the bottom of the body of water).
- the anchoring means 2 intended to anchor the mooring device 1 to the bottom of the body of water as well as the lashing means 3 intended to secure the floating object 9 to the device 1 of mooring are unchanged.
- the device and the method according to the invention therefore allow the mooring of any type of floating object and according to all destinations and architectures with advantageously compared to the prior art:
- the equipment at a fixed point, of a monitoring device meeting the policies and regulations of the European Union such as the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) of the NOAA (IOOS) and the United Nations (UNEP and UNCLOS) which focus on monitoring the fight against marine pollution, the protection of biodiversity, maritime safety and routing, the sustainable use of the coastal environment and marine resources, research into marine renewable energy sites, climate monitoring and meteorology.
- MSFD Marine Strategy Framework Directive
- IOOS NOAA
- UNCLOS United Nations
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP19169516.2A EP3725665A1 (fr) | 2019-04-16 | 2019-04-16 | Dispositif d'amarrage d'installations flottantes de surface et son procédé |
PCT/EP2020/060617 WO2020212440A1 (fr) | 2019-04-16 | 2020-04-15 | Dispositif d'amarrage d'installations flottantes de surface, procede d'installation et procede de calibrage du dispositif correspondants |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3956208A1 true EP3956208A1 (fr) | 2022-02-23 |
Family
ID=66223619
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19169516.2A Withdrawn EP3725665A1 (fr) | 2019-04-16 | 2019-04-16 | Dispositif d'amarrage d'installations flottantes de surface et son procédé |
EP20717894.8A Pending EP3956208A1 (fr) | 2019-04-16 | 2020-04-15 | Dispositif d'amarrage d'installations flottantes de surface, procede d'installation et procede de calibrage du dispositif correspondants |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19169516.2A Withdrawn EP3725665A1 (fr) | 2019-04-16 | 2019-04-16 | Dispositif d'amarrage d'installations flottantes de surface et son procédé |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (2) | EP3725665A1 (fr) |
MA (1) | MA55707A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2020212440A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN114212219B (zh) * | 2021-11-17 | 2023-03-10 | 航天时代(青岛)海洋装备科技发展有限公司 | 一种紧凑型水下并联稳定平台及其工作方法 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2301432A1 (fr) * | 1975-02-21 | 1976-09-17 | Petroles Cie Francaise | Moyen de liaison d'une structure flottante a une station d'ancrage sous-marin |
GB8334384D0 (en) * | 1983-12-23 | 1984-02-01 | Brewerton R W | Motion compensator |
AU2013100495A4 (en) * | 2012-09-03 | 2013-05-23 | Seacaptaur Ip Ltd | Buoy |
AT516579B1 (de) * | 2014-11-14 | 2024-06-15 | Dual Docker Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Festlegen von Schwimmkörpern |
FR3066753A1 (fr) * | 2017-05-29 | 2018-11-30 | Etm | Tige d'amarrage d'une bouee d'amarrage |
-
2019
- 2019-04-16 EP EP19169516.2A patent/EP3725665A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2020
- 2020-04-15 MA MA055707A patent/MA55707A/fr unknown
- 2020-04-15 WO PCT/EP2020/060617 patent/WO2020212440A1/fr unknown
- 2020-04-15 EP EP20717894.8A patent/EP3956208A1/fr active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3725665A1 (fr) | 2020-10-21 |
WO2020212440A1 (fr) | 2020-10-22 |
MA55707A (fr) | 2022-02-23 |
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