EP3922384A1 - Work machine unit and articulated robot - Google Patents
Work machine unit and articulated robot Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3922384A1 EP3922384A1 EP19914232.4A EP19914232A EP3922384A1 EP 3922384 A1 EP3922384 A1 EP 3922384A1 EP 19914232 A EP19914232 A EP 19914232A EP 3922384 A1 EP3922384 A1 EP 3922384A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- support member
- work machine
- linear guide
- work
- articulated robot
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Programme-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/10—Programme-controlled manipulators characterised by positioning means for manipulator elements
- B25J9/1005—Programme-controlled manipulators characterised by positioning means for manipulator elements comprising adjusting means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J15/00—Gripping heads and other end effectors
- B25J15/0095—Gripping heads and other end effectors with an external support, i.e. a support which does not belong to the manipulator or the object to be gripped, e.g. for maintaining the gripping head in an accurate position, guiding it or preventing vibrations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B39/00—General-purpose boring or drilling machines or devices; Sets of boring and/or drilling machines
- B23B39/14—General-purpose boring or drilling machines or devices; Sets of boring and/or drilling machines with special provision to enable the machine or the drilling or boring head to be moved into any desired position, e.g. with respect to immovable work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B47/00—Constructional features of components specially designed for boring or drilling machines; Accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment on boring machines for positioning or guiding the drill; Devices for indicating failure of drills during boring; Centering devices for holes to be bored
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J11/00—Manipulators not otherwise provided for
- B25J11/005—Manipulators for mechanical processing tasks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J13/00—Controls for manipulators
- B25J13/08—Controls for manipulators by means of sensing devices, e.g. viewing or touching devices
- B25J13/081—Touching devices, e.g. pressure-sensitive
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J15/00—Gripping heads and other end effectors
- B25J15/0019—End effectors other than grippers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
- B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
- B28D1/14—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by boring or drilling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
- B66B7/02—Guideways; Guides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2260/00—Details of constructional elements
- B23B2260/128—Sensors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a work machine unit and an articulated robot. Particularly, the present invention relates to a preferred work machine unit which is assembled to the articulated robot for performing a guide rail installation operation in an elevator shaft, and to a preferred articulated robot.
- the rail installation operation includes a variety of operations such as drilling holes for anchor bolts, striking anchor bolts, fastening bolts and nuts, arranging brackets, positioning and the like.
- PTL 1 discloses a structure where a drilling machine is assembled to a distal end of a robot arm.
- the patent literature also describes the following features.
- a drill is movably mounted to a base.
- a pressing body is pressed against an area around a drilling position on a workpiece
- a position of the pressing body in a front-back direction with respect to the base is detected.
- An axial position of the drill with respect to the base is also detected.
- a feed of the drill with respect to the workpiece is determined based on the position of the pressing body and the position of the drill.
- the drill is operated by feed means according to a feed based on a positional relation of the drill relative to the workpiece.
- the structure disclosed in the above PTL 1 pertains to the drilling machine intended for high-precision drilling or countersinking of the workpiece for use in structural objects such as aircraft, high-speed train cars, and automobiles.
- the drilling machine is designed only for rotation motion.
- the drilling machine is subjected to a relatively small reaction force while a relatively small moment is applied to each joint of the articulated robot.
- a drilling machine such as a hammer drill adapted for simultaneous rotation motion and hammering operation is generally employed as the drill.
- Figure 14 is a front view showing a state where a drilling machine (work machine part) 101 is assembled to an end effector connection part 11 of an articulated robot 10 installed on a robot ground contact surface 2 and the operation of drilling holes in a wall surface of a drilling object (work object) 1 is performed by using a drill bit 102 of the drilling machine 101.
- the drilling machines 101 have long length because they have a striking mechanism on a rotational axis of the drill.
- the articulated robot 10 supports the drilling machine 101 as located far away from a drilling position, as shown in Figure 14 .
- individual joints 12, 13, 14 of the articulated robot 10 are subjected to large moment. The moment exceeding allowable moments of the joints 12, 13, 14 may create difficulty in performing the drilling operation.
- the articulated robot 10 is configured to increase the allowable moments of the joints, the articulated robot 10 is generally increased in size and weight. This makes it difficult to handle the articulated robot in the narrow and dark elevator shaft or the like.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a work machine unit adapted to use a small articulated robot.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an articulated robot easy to handle even in the narrow and dark space.
- a work machine unit includes: a support member assembled to an end effector connection part of an operating machine; a work machine part assembled to one end of the support member; and a linear guide disposed at another end of the support member across its connection to the end effector connection part from the support member, arranged in parallel to an axial direction of the work machine part, and configured to abut against a work object or its peripheral structural object, and has a structure wherein the linear guide is passed through a through-hole formed in the support member, and the support member is configured to move in the axial direction of the work machine part as guided by the linear guide.
- a work machine unit includes: an S-shaped support member assembled to an end effector connection part of an operating machine; a work machine part assembled to one end of the S-shaped support member; a lower linear guide part which includes a linear guide disposed at another end of the support member across its connection to the end effector connection part from the S-shaped support member, arranged in parallel to an axial direction of the work machine part, and configured to abut against a work object or its peripheral structural object; and an upper linear guide part which includes a pair of linear guides disposed at the one end of the S-shaped support member in a manner to sandwich the work machine part therebetween, arranged in parallel to the axial direction of the work machine part, and configured to abut against the work object or its peripheral structural object, and has a structure wherein the individual linear guides are passed through through-holes formed in the support member, and the S-shaped support member is configured to move in the axial direction of the work machine part as guided by the linear guides disposed at the one end and the other end
- an articulated robot includes: a plurality of joints; and a plurality of arms connected to the joints; and has a structure wherein an end effector connection part is disposed at the most distal one of the joints, and any one of the above-described work machine units is assembled to the end effector connection part.
- the work machine unit adapted to use the small articulated robot is provided. Further, the articulated robot easy to handle even in the narrow and dark space is also provided.
- Figure 1 is a front view showing a work machine unit and articulated robot according to Example 1 of the present invention. First, a configuration of the articulated robot is described with reference to Figure 1 .
- An articulated robot (operating machine) 10 includes: a base 15 installed on a robot ground contact surface 2; a body 16 pivotally constructed atop the base 15; a first arm 17 assembled to the body 16 via a joint 12; a second arm 18 and a third arm 19 assembled to the first arm 17 via a joint 13; and an end effector connection part 11 assembled to a distal end of the third arm 19 via a joint 14.
- the third arm is on the most distal side of the robot.
- Each of the joints 12 to 14 is provided with a drive unit such as a motor and has a function to operate within a predetermined range.
- the individual arms are configured to swing.
- the operating functions of the joints permit the articulated robot 10 to change its overall posture including the arms to a posture required for accomplishing the operation and to move the end effector connection part 11 to a required position for accomplishing the operation.
- the work machine unit 100 of the example is a drill unit for forming an anchor bolt installation holes in a work object (drilling object) 1 such as wall or structural object.
- a drill unit (work machine unit) 100 includes: a drilling machine (work machine part) 101 such as a hammer drill; a drill bit 102 used as assembled to a distal end of the drilling machine 101 so as to drill holes in a wall surface 1a of the drilling object (work object) 1; and a support member 103 which fixes the drilling machine 101 in position and is assembled to the end effector connection part 11 of the articulated robot 10 via an elastic member 107 such as rubber, spring, or damper.
- a drilling machine (work machine part) 101 such as a hammer drill
- a drill bit 102 used as assembled to a distal end of the drilling machine 101 so as to drill holes in a wall surface 1a of the drilling object (work object) 1
- a support member 103 which fixes the drilling machine 101 in position and is assembled to the end effector connection part 11 of the articulated robot 10 via an elastic member 107 such as rubber, spring, or damper.
- the drilling machine 101 is capable of any one or more of revolving motion, striking motion, and revolving/striking motion. In a case where the machine is capable of two or more of the motions, the machine is so configured as to be arbitrarily switched to any of the motions.
- the drilling machine 101 is attached to one end (upper end) of the support member 103.
- a linear guide part 120 is disposed at another end (lower end) of the support member 103 across the end effector connection part 11.
- the linear guide part 120 includes a linear guide 104 disposed in parallel to a direction of rotational axis of the drilling machine 101.
- the linear guide 104 is passed through a through-hole formed in the support member 103.
- the support member 103 is configured to move in the direction of rotational axis of the drilling machine 101 as guided by the linear guide.
- the linear guide 104 is disposed on the opposite side from the drilling machine 101 with respect to the end effector connection part 11.
- the rotational axis of the drilling machine 101 and the linear guide 104 are in parallel to each other.
- a linear guide base 105 is secured to the linear guide 104 on its end on the side of the wall surface 1a.
- An elastic body 106 such as spring or damper is disposed between the linear guide base 105 and the support member 103, biasing the linear guide 104 toward the wall surface 1a.
- the elastic body 106 is constituted by a coil spring, through which the linear guide 104 is inserted.
- One end the coil spring is secured to the support member 103 while the other end thereof is secured to the linear guide base 105.
- the linear guide 104 may be prevented from dropping out from the support member 103 by assembling an anti-drop member such as nut or maintaining pin to the linear guide 104 at its end on the side of the anti-linear guide base 105.
- Figure 2 is a plan view showing the region enclosed by the dotted line in Figure 1 , or the linear guide part 120 including the linear guide 104.
- the linear guide 104 according to this example includes a pair of linear guides 104a, 104b.
- Each of the paired linear guides 104a, 104b is provided with the elastic body 106.
- each of the paired linear guides 104a, 104b is provided with the linear guide base 105 at its end on the side of the wall surface 1a.
- the support member 103 and the linear guide base 105 are configured to be in parallel to each other.
- the elastic member 107 does not have to be disposed between the end effector connection part 11 and the support member 103 but the support member 103 may be directly assembled to the end effector connection part 11.
- Figure 3 is a front view illustrating a state where the drilling operation is performed by using the articulated robot 10 and the drill unit 100 shown in Figure 1 . Specifically, the figure shows the state where the drilling operation is performed by the articulated robot 10 in the posture shown in Figure 1 , which forces the drill unit 100 into a drilling object 1.
- the machine unit of this example includes: the linear guide 104 connected to the robot via the support member 103; the linear guide base 105 assembled to the distal end of the linear guide 104 and pressed against the drilling object 1; and the elastic body 106.
- the linear guide part 120 acts to receive the moment produced by the drilling machine 101 and to reduce the moment applied to the end effector connection part 11. As a result, load on the joints 12 to 14 of the articulated robot 10 can be reduced.
- the drilling machine 101 such as the hammer drill using the revolving motion and striking motion generates vibrations containing much high-frequency components in the direction of rotational axis.
- this example is configured such that the drilling machine is connected to the articulated robot 10 via the elastic member 107 such as spring or rubber. Therefore, the load on the individual joints 12 to 14 of the articulated robot 10 can be reduced by the elastic member 107 as well.
- an elastic material such as rubber or sponge may be attached to an undersurface (surface contacting the drilling object 1 or its peripheral structural object) of the linear guide base 105 so as to permit the linear guide base to accommodate the surface roughness and to conform to the rough wall surface 1a.
- the linear guide base 105 may also be provided with reinforcing steel detection means which detects the reinforcing steel or the like in the drilling object 1 by utilizing ultrasonic wave or electromagnetic induction.
- the elastic body 106 mounted to the linear guide part 120 also plays a role in returning the linear guide base 105 to the original position before the drilling operation when the drill bit 102 is withdrawn from the drilling object 1.
- an anchor bolt hammer may be assembled to the drilling machine 101 so that the drilling machine can drive in anchor bolts.
- the robot is adapted to drive the support member 103 forward with a constant force by mounting a dynamic sensor to the end effector connection part 11.
- a dynamic sensor to the end effector connection part 11.
- a tool changer may be connected to the end effector connection part 11 so that the drill bit can be replaced by a tool for performing an operation other than drilling.
- Figure 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an automatic rail installation apparatus in the elevator shaft.
- Figure 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating another example of the automatic rail installation apparatus in the elevator shaft.
- 201 indicates an elevator shaft which is disposed in a building 200 and in which an elevator is installed.
- 202 indicates a wall surface of the elevator shaft 201, on which (equivalent to the wall surface 1a of the drilling object 1 shown in Figure 1 ) a guide rail 203 is installed.
- a lower guide rail 203 illustrated by a darker-shaded area is a guide rail fixed to the wall surface 202.
- a guide rail 204 illustrated by a light shaded area is a guide rail unfixed to the wall surface.
- the rail fixing unit 207 is provided with two articulated robots 10 as shown in Figure 1 .
- the articulated robots 10 are each assembled with the drill unit 100.
- the articulated robot 10 is configured to automatically perform the operation of drilling holes in the wall surface 202 into which the anchor bolts are driven and the operation of installing the base brackets 205 and the rail brackets 206.
- 209 indicates a laser irradiator for defining a positional reference on the basis of which the guide rails 203, 204 are installed.
- 210 indicates a position detecting part for positioning the rail fixing unit 207 on the basis of a laser beam outputted from the laser irradiator 209.
- a work base is indicated at 211
- a guide shoe is indicated at 212.
- a rail template is indicated at 213.
- 214 indicates a wire for temporarily fixing in place the unfixed guide rail 204.
- a controller 215 for controlling the articulated robot 10 and the like, a parts box 216 accommodating therein parts such as anchor bolts, and the like are disposed on the rail fixing unit 207.
- Figure 5 illustrates another example of the automatic rail installation apparatus in the elevator shaft.
- the automatic rail installation apparatus is equipped with a rail positioning unit.
- the apparatus has the same basic configuration as that shown in Figure 4 , except for that a rail positioning unit 217 is added.
- the rail positioning unit 217 is provided with a position detecting part 218 and a rail positioning device 219. 220 indicates a rail positioning unit connection part.
- the apparatus of this example is also provided with a laser irradiator 221 for the rail positioning unit 217.
- the other components are the same as those shown in Figure 4 .
- the operation of installing the guide rails in the elevator shaft 201 is performed in the narrow and dark space. Therefore, the articulated robot 10 and the drill unit 100 used for the installation operation of the guide rails must be downsized as much as possible.
- this example has a configuration as shown in Figure 1 , in which the drilling machine 101 is assembled to the one end (upper end) of the support member 103, and in which the linear guide part 120 including the linear guide 104 arranged in parallel to the direction of rotational axis of the drilling machine 101 is assembled to the other end (lower end) of the support member 103 across the end effector connection part 11, as illustrated in the dotted frame.
- This configuration permits at least a part of the drilling machine 101 to be located at place rearward of the end effector connection part 11, resulting in the reduction of the overall size of the articulated robot assembled with the drill unit 100. Accordingly, the example can provide an articulated robot easy to handle even in the narrow and dark space.
- the drill unit 100 is provided with the linear guide part 120 so that the drill unit is adapted to reduce moment acting on the articulated robot 10. This leads to a drill unit (work machine unit) which permits the use of a small articulated robot 10 having a smaller allowable moment.
- the example provides easy handling of the articulated robot 10 in the narrow and dark space when performing the operation such as the installation of the guide rails in the elevator shaft.
- the example facilitates the installation operation of the guide rails.
- FIG 6 is a plan view showing Modification 1 of the linear guide part 120 shown in Figure 1 .
- the linear guide part 120 described with reference to Figures 1 and 2 is constituted of a pair (two) of linear guides 104a, 104b. According to Modification 1, however, the linear guide part includes only one linear guide 104 assembled to the center of the lower end (opposite side from the drilling machine 101) of the support member 103, as shown in Figure 6 .
- the linear guide part 120 is constituted by a single linear guide 104. This results in the reduction of the number of components and the weight reduction of the drill unit 100.
- the linear guide base 105 may preferably be configured to have a larger contact area with the wall surface 1a such as to suppress lateral wavering of the linear guide part during the drilling operation.
- Figure 7 is a plan view showing Modification 2 of the linear guide part shown in Figure 1 .
- the linear guide part 120 described with reference to Figures 1 and 2 is constituted using the rod-shaped linear guide 104 and the elastic body 106.
- Modification 2 uses a linear guide 108 constituted by an extendable air cylinder, as shown in Figure 7 .
- Figure 8 is a front view showing the work machine unit and articulated robot according to Example 2.
- Figure 9 is a plan view showing an upper linear guide part shown in Figure 8 .
- the articulated robot 10 is configured the same way as that of Example 1 shown in Figure 1 .
- the linear guide part 120 of the drill unit (work machine unit) 100 is also configured the same way as that of Example 1.
- the drilling machine (work machine part) 101 is mounted to the one end (upper end) of the support member 103.
- the linear guide part 120 including the linear guide 104 arranged in parallel to the direction of rotational axis of the drilling machine 101 is assembled to the other end (lower end) of the support member 103 across the end effector connection part 11.
- Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that the drilling machine (work machine part) 101 assembled to the one end (upper end) of the support member 103 is also provided with a linear guide part 121, as illustrated in the dotted frame in Figure 8 .
- the linear guide part 121 includes: a pair of linear guides 104 (104a, 104b) assembled to the support member 103 in a manner to sandwich the drilling machine 101 therebetween; the linear guide base 105 assembled to the linear guide 104 at its end on the side of the wall surface 1a (see Figure 8 ); and the elastic body 106 disposed between the linear guide base 105 and the support member 103.
- the linear guides 104 disposed at the linear guide part 121 are also passed through the through-holes formed in the support member 103, so that the support member 103 is adapted to move in the direction of rotational axis of the drilling machine 101 as guided by the linear guides 104 of the linear guide part 121.
- the support member 103 assembled with the drilling machine 101 is guided by means of the lower linear guide part 120 and the upper linear guide part 121.
- the support member 103 can be moved more accurately in the vertical direction with respect to the wall surface 1a of the drilling object (work object) 1.
- the drill bit 102 of the drilling machine 101 can also be moved more accurately in the vertical direction with respect to the wall surface 1a.
- the drilling machine can achieve the high-accuracy drilling operation on the wall surface 1a.
- the linear guide base 105 of the upper linear guide part 121 is formed with an aperture 105a at the center thereof or at position corresponding to the drill bit 102 such that the drill bit 102 is allowed to pass through the linear guide base.
- the other components are the same as those of the above-described Example 1.
- Example 2 the same effects as those of Example 1 can be achieved.
- Example 2 can further suppress the wavering motion of the drilling machine 101 during the drilling operation by virtue of the additional linear guide part 121 disposed in vicinity to the drilling machine 101.
- Example 2 enables more accurate drilling operation on the wall surface 1a because the drilling machine can more accurately maintain the plumbness of the drill bit 102 with respect to the drilling object 1 by pressing, against the drilling object 1, the linear guide base 105 of the linear guide part 121 at the drilling machine 101.
- FIG. 10 is a front view showing Example 3.
- those components referred to by the equal or similar reference numerals to those used in Figures 1 and 8 described above represent the identical or similar components.
- a dust collecting device (dust collecting means) is added to the drill unit (work machine unit) 100 so as to suck powder dust produced during the drilling operation by the drilling machine (work machine part) 101, as shown in Figure 10 .
- the above-described dust collecting device includes: a dust collector 109 including a vacuum pump (suction pump) and the like; a flexible dust collecting hose 110 connected to the dust collector 109 and having flexibility and stretchability; a stretch hose 111 connected to the dust collecting hose and free to stretch in a moving direction of the support member 103; and a dust collecting port 112 connected to a distal end of the stretch hose 111 and disposed in vicinity of a drilled place.
- a connection portion between the dust collecting hose 110 and the stretch hose 111 is attached to the support member 103.
- the support member 103 is pushed toward the drilling object 1 during the drilling operation by the drilling machine 101.
- the stretch hose 111 is configured to follow the movement of the support member 103.
- the stretch hose 111 is an extendable telescopic type, as shown in Figure 10 .
- the stretch hose is made stretchable/shrinkable by the use of an elastic body such as spring or can be constituted by a bellows-like hose incorporating an elastic body.
- Example 3 the same effects as those of Examples 1 and 2 can be achieved. Furthermore, Example 3 is adapted to prevent the powder dust produced during the drilling operation from permeating the narrow space such as the elevator shaft, and to achieve an effect to improve the working environment during the drilling operation or the like.
- FIG. 11 is a front view showing Example 4.
- Figure 12 is a plan view showing an upper linear guide part shown in Figure 11 .
- those components referred to by the equal or similar reference numerals to those used in Figures 1 , 8 and 9 described above represent the identical or similar components.
- Figure 11 shows the upper linear guide part, the configuration of which, as illustrated in the dotted frame in Figure 8 , is changed to that shown in Figure 11 so as to further suppress the vibrations of the drilling machine 101 in the direction of rotational axis thereof.
- the support member 103 shown in Figure 8 is replaced by an S-shaped support member 113.
- the linear guide part 120 similar to the one of the above-described Example 1 or 2 is disposed at a lower part of the S-shaped support member 113.
- a linear guide part 122 which includes a linear guide 115 longer than the linear guide 104 of the linear guide part 120 is disposed at an upper part of the S-shaped support member 113.
- the linear guide 115 is passed through a through-hole formed in the S-shaped support member 113.
- the S-shaped support member 113 is configured to move in the direction of rotational axis of the drilling machine (work machine part) 101 as also guided by the linear guide 115.
- the S-shaped support member 113 is configured to move in the direction of rotational axis of the drilling machine 101 as guided by the linear guide 104 of the linear guide part 120 and the linear guide 115 of the linear guide part 122.
- the linear guide base 105 is assembled to the linear guide 115 on its end on the side of the wall surface 1a of the drilling object (work object) 1.
- a work machine part support member (drilling machine support member) 114 for mounting the drilling machine 101 is disposed between the linear guide base 105 and the S-shaped support member 113.
- This work machine part support member 114 is also formed with a through-hole.
- the work machine part support member 114 is also configured to move smoothly in the direction of rotational axis of the drilling machine 101 as guided by the linear guide 115.
- the elastic body 106 such as spring or damper is disposed between the work machine part support member 114 and the linear guide base 105, while an elastic body 106' such as spring or damper is also disposed between the S-shaped support member 113 and the work machine part support member 114.
- the linear guide part 122 is constituted by a pair of linear guides (ii5a, 115b), as shown in Figure 12 .
- the drilling machine 101 is adapted to perform the drilling operation by moving as guided by linear guide 115 while biasing the linear guides 104 and 115 toward the wall surface 1a.
- the drilling machine 101 is fixed to the work machine part support member 114 which is smoothly movable on the linear guide 104 and which has opposite ends clamped between the elastic bodies 106 and 106'.
- the drilling machine 101 is configured to be connected to the articulated robot 10 by means of the work machine part support member 114 and the S-shaped support member 113.
- this example is configured to suppress the vibrations transferred to the S-shaped support member 113 by clamping the drilling machine 101 as a source of vibrations between the elastic bodies 106, 106' such as spring or damper.
- Example 4 is adapted to achieve the same effects as those of the above-described Examples 1 and 2 and to suppress the vibrations transferred to the S-shaped support member 113. Accordingly, the vibrations transferred to the articulated robot 10 can be even further reduced. Therefore, Example 4 also permits the omission of the elastic member 107 shown in the above-described Figures 1 and 8 .
- FIG. 13 is a front view showing Example 5.
- those components referred to by the equal or similar reference numerals to those used in Figure 1 described above represent the identical or similar components.
- Example 5 has the same basic configuration as that of the above-described Example 1. As shown in Figure 13 , Example 5 is characterized by adding distance sensors 116a, 116b, 116c to the configuration of Example 1.
- the distance sensor 116a is mounted to the support member 103 in vicinity of the drilling machine (work machine part) 101.
- the distance sensor 116b is mounted to the support member 103 in vicinity of the linear guide 104a (see Figure 2 ).
- the distance sensor 116c is mounted to the support member 103 in vicinity of the linear guide 104b (see Figure 2 ).
- These distance sensors 116a to 116c are for measuring a distance between the support member 103 and the wall surface 1a of the drilling object (work object) 1.
- the angle of the joint 14 at the distal end of the articulated robot 10 is controlled so as to equalize distances 117a, 117b, 117c detected by the distance sensors 116a to 116c.
- Example 5 the same effects as those of the above-described Example 1 can be achieved.
- the distance sensors 116a to 116c are provided for measuring distances to three different points so that the plumbness of the drilling machine 101 with respect to the wall surface 1a can be maintained more accurately.
- distance sensors 116a to 116c include non-contact type using laser beams or ultrasonic waves, contact type using linear potentiometer, and the like but are not limited to these.
- the work machine unit is removably connected to the distal end of the articulated robot and configured as illustrated by the respective examples.
- the present invention can reduce the reaction force or moment transferred from the end effector to the articulated robot and can also maintain the plumbness of the work machine part. Accordingly, even the small articulated robot having a small allowable moment at the joints is capable of performing the drilling operation.
- the present invention provides the drill unit which can use the small articulated robot.
- the present invention also permits at least a part of the work machine part (drilling machine) to be disposed at place rearward of the end effector connection part (the opposite side from the work object). It is therefore possible to reduce the overall size of the articulated robot assembled with the work machine unit.
- the articulated robot easy to handle even in the narrow and dark space such as the elevator shaft is provided.
- the end effector is replaceable so that the robot is adaptable to operations other than drilling (such as striking anchor bots, fastening bolts and nuts, arranging brackets, and positioning).
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described examples but can include a variety of modifications.
- the above examples have been described by way of the configuration using the drilling machine such as a hammer drill as the end effector used in the work machine unit.
- the present invention is not limited to the drilling machine but is similarly applicable to devices using the end effector performing a variety of operations such as striking anchor bolts, fastening bolts and nuts, arranging brackets, positioning, and the like.
- the above-described examples illustrate the configuration where the linear guide is provided with the elastic body. Even in a case where the linear guide is not provided with the elastic body, however, the effect of maintaining the plumbness of the work machine part with respect to the wall surface can be achieved.
- One component of one example can be replaced by one component of another example.
- a part of the configuration of one example permits addition of a part of the configuration of another example.
- the above-described examples are specifically described for greater clarity of the present invention. The present invention is not necessarily limited to what includes all the described components.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Robotics (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Manipulator (AREA)
- Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
- Drilling And Boring (AREA)
- Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a work machine unit and an articulated robot. Particularly, the present invention relates to a preferred work machine unit which is assembled to the articulated robot for performing a guide rail installation operation in an elevator shaft, and to a preferred articulated robot.
- In developed countries such as Japan, North American countries and European countries, shrinking labor force for elevator installation associated with dwindling birthrate and an aging population has become problematic. This leads to a demand for achieving labor savings in the elevator installation work. Currently, the rail installation in the elevator is generally performed by workers who repeats a rail installation operation for each floor. Accordingly, the rail installation operation accounts for a major portion of the total working hours for the elevator installation work.
- In this connection, study has been made on automation technology for rail installation operation utilizing robots and the like. However, a narrow and dark space in the elevator shaft imposes limitations on carrying-in, installation location, size, weight, handling, and the like of equipment for automating the rail installation operation (automated rail installation equipment).
- The rail installation operation includes a variety of operations such as drilling holes for anchor bolts, striking anchor bolts, fastening bolts and nuts, arranging brackets, positioning and the like.
- Hence, study has been made to apply a versatile articulated robot to the rail installation operation so as to cope with the different operations by replacing an end effector (such as a drilling machine) of the robot.
- The conventional art of this kind is set forth in
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-9228 PTL 1 discloses a structure where a drilling machine is assembled to a distal end of a robot arm. The patent literature also describes the following features. A drill is movably mounted to a base. A pressing body is pressed against an area around a drilling position on a workpiece - (drilling object). A position of the pressing body in a front-back direction with respect to the base is detected. An axial position of the drill with respect to the base is also detected. Further, a feed of the drill with respect to the workpiece is determined based on the position of the pressing body and the position of the drill. The drill is operated by feed means according to a feed based on a positional relation of the drill relative to the workpiece.
- PTL 1:
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-9228 - The structure disclosed in the
above PTL 1 pertains to the drilling machine intended for high-precision drilling or countersinking of the workpiece for use in structural objects such as aircraft, high-speed train cars, and automobiles. Hence, the drilling machine is designed only for rotation motion. During the drilling operation, the drilling machine is subjected to a relatively small reaction force while a relatively small moment is applied to each joint of the articulated robot. - On the other hand, in a case where holes for anchor bolts are drilled in surfaces of the elevator shaft made of concrete in order to install the rails, a drilling machine such as a hammer drill adapted for simultaneous rotation motion and hammering operation is generally employed as the drill.
- A case where an operation of drilling holes in an object wall surface is performed using the articulated robot assembled with this drilling machine (hammer drill or the like) is described with reference to
Figure 14. Figure 14 is a front view showing a state where a drilling machine (work machine part) 101 is assembled to an endeffector connection part 11 of an articulatedrobot 10 installed on a robotground contact surface 2 and the operation of drilling holes in a wall surface of a drilling object (work object) 1 is performed by using adrill bit 102 of thedrilling machine 101. - Many of the
drilling machines 101 have long length because they have a striking mechanism on a rotational axis of the drill. When the drilling machine is assembled to a distal end of the articulated robot, the articulatedrobot 10 supports thedrilling machine 101 as located far away from a drilling position, as shown inFigure 14 . Further, in a case where a drilling angle of thedrill bit 102 is not orthogonal to awall surface 1a of thedrilling object 1 as shown in the figure,individual joints robot 10 are subjected to large moment. The moment exceeding allowable moments of thejoints - Even if the
drill bit 102 could be held against thedrilling object 1 at right angles, it is difficult to control thearticulate robot 10 to suppress a wobbling rotation of a tip of thedrill bit 102 of thedrilling machine 101 simultaneously performing the rotation operation and striking operation. - In a case where the articulated
robot 10 is configured to increase the allowable moments of the joints, the articulatedrobot 10 is generally increased in size and weight. This makes it difficult to handle the articulated robot in the narrow and dark elevator shaft or the like. - Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a work machine unit adapted to use a small articulated robot.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an articulated robot easy to handle even in the narrow and dark space.
- According to an aspect of the present invention for achieving the above objects, a work machine unit includes: a support member assembled to an end effector connection part of an operating machine; a work machine part assembled to one end of the support member; and a linear guide disposed at another end of the support member across its connection to the end effector connection part from the support member, arranged in parallel to an axial direction of the work machine part, and configured to abut against a work object or its peripheral structural object, and has a structure wherein the linear guide is passed through a through-hole formed in the support member, and the support member is configured to move in the axial direction of the work machine part as guided by the linear guide.
- According to another aspect of the present invention, a work machine unit includes: an S-shaped support member assembled to an end effector connection part of an operating machine; a work machine part assembled to one end of the S-shaped support member; a lower linear guide part which includes a linear guide disposed at another end of the support member across its connection to the end effector connection part from the S-shaped support member, arranged in parallel to an axial direction of the work machine part, and configured to abut against a work object or its peripheral structural object; and an upper linear guide part which includes a pair of linear guides disposed at the one end of the S-shaped support member in a manner to sandwich the work machine part therebetween, arranged in parallel to the axial direction of the work machine part, and configured to abut against the work object or its peripheral structural object, and has a structure wherein the individual linear guides are passed through through-holes formed in the support member, and the S-shaped support member is configured to move in the axial direction of the work machine part as guided by the linear guides disposed at the one end and the other end of the support member, and the upper linear guide part includes: a linear guide base disposed at the linear guides on their work object sides; and a work machine part support member disposed between the linear guide base and the S-shaped support member and used for mounting the work machine part, the work machine part support member is formed with through-holes and is also configured to move in the direction of rotational axis of the work machine part as guided by the linear guides, and an elastic body is respectively disposed between the work machine part support member and the linear guide base and between the S-shaped support member and the work machine part support member.
- According to yet another aspect of the present invention, an articulated robot includes: a plurality of joints; and a plurality of arms connected to the joints;
and has a structure wherein an end effector connection part is disposed at the most distal one of the joints, and any one of the above-described work machine units is assembled to the end effector connection part. - According to the present invention, the work machine unit adapted to use the small articulated robot is provided. Further, the articulated robot easy to handle even in the narrow and dark space is also provided.
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Figure 1 is a front view showing a work machine unit and articulated robot according to Example 1 of the present invention. -
Figure 2 is a plan view showing a linear guide part shown inFigure 1 . -
Figure 3 is a front view illustrating a state where a drilling operation is performed using the work machine unit and the articulated robot shown inFigure 1 . -
Figure 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an automatic rail installation apparatus in an elevator shaft. -
Figure 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating another example of the automatic rail installation apparatus in the elevator shaft. -
Figure 6 is a planview showing Modification 1 of the linear guide part shown inFigure 1 . -
Figure 7 is a planview showing Modification 2 of the linear guide part shown inFigure 1 . -
Figure 8 is a front view showing a work machine unit and articulated robot according to Example 2 of the present invention. -
Figure 9 is a plan view showing an upper linear guide part shown inFigure 8 . -
Figure 10 is a front view showing a work machine unit and articulated robot according to Example 3 of the present invention. -
Figure 11 is a front view showing a work machine unit and articulated robot according to Example 4 of the present invention. -
Figure 12 is a plan view showing an upper linear guide part shown inFigure 11 . -
Figure 13 is a front view showing a work machine unit and articulated robot according to Example 5 of the present invention. -
Figure 14 is a front view showing a state where the drilling operation is performed by a drilling machine connected to the articulated robot. - Now, specific examples of the work machine unit and articulated robot according to the present invention are described as below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the figures, like reference numerals refer to the same or similar components.
- A work machine unit and an articulated robot according to Example 1 of the present invention are described with reference to
Figure 1 to Figure 7 .Figure 1 is a front view showing a work machine unit and articulated robot according to Example 1 of the present invention. First, a configuration of the articulated robot is described with reference toFigure 1 . - An articulated robot (operating machine) 10 includes: a base 15 installed on a robot
ground contact surface 2; abody 16 pivotally constructed atop thebase 15; afirst arm 17 assembled to thebody 16 via a joint 12; asecond arm 18 and athird arm 19 assembled to thefirst arm 17 via a joint 13; and an endeffector connection part 11 assembled to a distal end of thethird arm 19 via a joint 14. The third arm is on the most distal side of the robot. - Each of the
joints 12 to 14 is provided with a drive unit such as a motor and has a function to operate within a predetermined range. Thus, the individual arms are configured to swing. Namely, the operating functions of the joints permit the articulatedrobot 10 to change its overall posture including the arms to a posture required for accomplishing the operation and to move the endeffector connection part 11 to a required position for accomplishing the operation. - Next, description is made on a specific example of a
work machine unit 100 assembled to the endeffector connection part 11 of the articulatedrobot 10. Thework machine unit 100 of the example is a drill unit for forming an anchor bolt installation holes in a work object (drilling object) 1 such as wall or structural object. A drill unit (work machine unit) 100 includes: a drilling machine (work machine part) 101 such as a hammer drill; adrill bit 102 used as assembled to a distal end of thedrilling machine 101 so as to drill holes in awall surface 1a of the drilling object (work object) 1; and asupport member 103 which fixes thedrilling machine 101 in position and is assembled to the endeffector connection part 11 of the articulatedrobot 10 via anelastic member 107 such as rubber, spring, or damper. - The
drilling machine 101 is capable of any one or more of revolving motion, striking motion, and revolving/striking motion. In a case where the machine is capable of two or more of the motions, the machine is so configured as to be arbitrarily switched to any of the motions. - According to the example, the
drilling machine 101 is attached to one end (upper end) of thesupport member 103. As illustrated in the dotted frame, alinear guide part 120 is disposed at another end (lower end) of thesupport member 103 across the endeffector connection part 11. Thelinear guide part 120 includes alinear guide 104 disposed in parallel to a direction of rotational axis of thedrilling machine 101. Thelinear guide 104 is passed through a through-hole formed in thesupport member 103. Thesupport member 103 is configured to move in the direction of rotational axis of thedrilling machine 101 as guided by the linear guide. - Specifically, the
linear guide 104 is disposed on the opposite side from thedrilling machine 101 with respect to the endeffector connection part 11. The rotational axis of thedrilling machine 101 and thelinear guide 104 are in parallel to each other. - A
linear guide base 105 is secured to thelinear guide 104 on its end on the side of thewall surface 1a. Anelastic body 106 such as spring or damper is disposed between thelinear guide base 105 and thesupport member 103, biasing thelinear guide 104 toward thewall surface 1a. - According to this example, the
elastic body 106 is constituted by a coil spring, through which thelinear guide 104 is inserted. One end the coil spring is secured to thesupport member 103 while the other end thereof is secured to thelinear guide base 105. This prevents thelinear guide 104 from dropping out from thesupport member 103 when thedrill unit 100 is retreated from thewall surface 1a. Alternatively, thelinear guide 104 may be prevented from dropping out from thesupport member 103 by assembling an anti-drop member such as nut or maintaining pin to thelinear guide 104 at its end on the side of theanti-linear guide base 105. -
Figure 2 is a plan view showing the region enclosed by the dotted line inFigure 1 , or thelinear guide part 120 including thelinear guide 104. As shown inFigure 2 , thelinear guide 104 according to this example includes a pair oflinear guides linear guides elastic body 106. Further, each of the pairedlinear guides linear guide base 105 at its end on the side of thewall surface 1a. Thesupport member 103 and thelinear guide base 105 are configured to be in parallel to each other. - The above is the basic configuration of the
drill unit 100. It is noted that in a case where a reaction force during a drilling operation is small, theelastic member 107 does not have to be disposed between the endeffector connection part 11 and thesupport member 103 but thesupport member 103 may be directly assembled to the endeffector connection part 11. -
Figure 3 is a front view illustrating a state where the drilling operation is performed by using the articulatedrobot 10 and thedrill unit 100 shown inFigure 1 . Specifically, the figure shows the state where the drilling operation is performed by the articulatedrobot 10 in the posture shown inFigure 1 , which forces thedrill unit 100 into adrilling object 1. - Because of the reaction force received by the
drilling machine 101 from thedrilling object 1, a moment tends to be applied to the articulatedrobot 10 via the endeffector connection part 11 as a fulcrum. However, the machine unit of this example includes: thelinear guide 104 connected to the robot via thesupport member 103; thelinear guide base 105 assembled to the distal end of thelinear guide 104 and pressed against thedrilling object 1; and theelastic body 106. Hence, thelinear guide part 120 acts to receive the moment produced by thedrilling machine 101 and to reduce the moment applied to the endeffector connection part 11. As a result, load on thejoints 12 to 14 of the articulatedrobot 10 can be reduced. - The
drilling machine 101 such as the hammer drill using the revolving motion and striking motion generates vibrations containing much high-frequency components in the direction of rotational axis. However, this example is configured such that the drilling machine is connected to the articulatedrobot 10 via theelastic member 107 such as spring or rubber. Therefore, the load on theindividual joints 12 to 14 of the articulatedrobot 10 can be reduced by theelastic member 107 as well. - In a case where the
wall surface 1a against which thelinear guide base 105 is pressed has surface roughness, an elastic material such as rubber or sponge may be attached to an undersurface (surface contacting thedrilling object 1 or its peripheral structural object) of thelinear guide base 105 so as to permit the linear guide base to accommodate the surface roughness and to conform to therough wall surface 1a. Further, thelinear guide base 105 may also be provided with reinforcing steel detection means which detects the reinforcing steel or the like in thedrilling object 1 by utilizing ultrasonic wave or electromagnetic induction. - The
elastic body 106 mounted to thelinear guide part 120 also plays a role in returning thelinear guide base 105 to the original position before the drilling operation when thedrill bit 102 is withdrawn from thedrilling object 1. In place of thedrill bit 102, an anchor bolt hammer may be assembled to thedrilling machine 101 so that the drilling machine can drive in anchor bolts. - Further, the robot is adapted to drive the
support member 103 forward with a constant force by mounting a dynamic sensor to the endeffector connection part 11. When thedrill bit 102 is brought into contact with a reinforcing steel bar, non-metallic hard material or the like which is embedded in concrete wall (drilling object 1), the relevant reaction force is also detected by the dynamic sensor. This makes it possible to obviate damages of thedrill bit 102 and the like. - A tool changer may be connected to the end
effector connection part 11 so that the drill bit can be replaced by a tool for performing an operation other than drilling. - Next, an example where an automatic rail installation operation in the elevator shaft is performed by using the articulated robot is described with reference to
Figures 4 and5 .Figure 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an automatic rail installation apparatus in the elevator shaft.Figure 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating another example of the automatic rail installation apparatus in the elevator shaft. - Referring to
Figure 4 , 201 indicates an elevator shaft which is disposed in abuilding 200 and in which an elevator is installed. 202 indicates a wall surface of theelevator shaft 201, on which (equivalent to thewall surface 1a of thedrilling object 1 shown inFigure 1 ) aguide rail 203 is installed. Alower guide rail 203 illustrated by a darker-shaded area is a guide rail fixed to thewall surface 202. Aguide rail 204 illustrated by a light shaded area is a guide rail unfixed to the wall surface. -
- 202 indicates a base bracket fixed to the
wall surface 202 by means of the anchor bolts (not shown). 206 indicates a rail bracket fixed to thebase bracket 205. - 207 indicates a rail fixing unit for installation of the guide rails. The
rail fixing unit 207 is configured to be moved up or down by a liftingmachine 208 installed at an upper part of theelevator shaft 201. - The
rail fixing unit 207 is provided with two articulatedrobots 10 as shown inFigure 1 . The articulatedrobots 10 are each assembled with thedrill unit 100. The articulatedrobot 10 is configured to automatically perform the operation of drilling holes in thewall surface 202 into which the anchor bolts are driven and the operation of installing thebase brackets 205 and therail brackets 206. - In
Figure 4 , 209 indicates a laser irradiator for defining a positional reference on the basis of which theguide rails rail fixing unit 207 on the basis of a laser beam outputted from thelaser irradiator 209. Further, a work base is indicated at 211, a guide shoe is indicated at 212. A rail template is indicated at 213. 214 indicates a wire for temporarily fixing in place theunfixed guide rail 204. - Also, a
controller 215 for controlling the articulatedrobot 10 and the like, aparts box 216 accommodating therein parts such as anchor bolts, and the like are disposed on therail fixing unit 207. -
Figure 5 illustrates another example of the automatic rail installation apparatus in the elevator shaft. According to this example, the automatic rail installation apparatus is equipped with a rail positioning unit. The apparatus has the same basic configuration as that shown inFigure 4 , except for that arail positioning unit 217 is added. Therail positioning unit 217 is provided with aposition detecting part 218 and arail positioning device 219. 220 indicates a rail positioning unit connection part. - The apparatus of this example is also provided with a
laser irradiator 221 for therail positioning unit 217. The other components are the same as those shown inFigure 4 . - As shown in
Figures 4 and5 , the operation of installing the guide rails in theelevator shaft 201 is performed in the narrow and dark space. Therefore, the articulatedrobot 10 and thedrill unit 100 used for the installation operation of the guide rails must be downsized as much as possible. - To meet this demand, this example has a configuration as shown in
Figure 1 , in which thedrilling machine 101 is assembled to the one end (upper end) of thesupport member 103, and in which thelinear guide part 120 including thelinear guide 104 arranged in parallel to the direction of rotational axis of thedrilling machine 101 is assembled to the other end (lower end) of thesupport member 103 across the endeffector connection part 11, as illustrated in the dotted frame. This configuration permits at least a part of thedrilling machine 101 to be located at place rearward of the endeffector connection part 11, resulting in the reduction of the overall size of the articulated robot assembled with thedrill unit 100. Accordingly, the example can provide an articulated robot easy to handle even in the narrow and dark space. - The
drill unit 100 is provided with thelinear guide part 120 so that the drill unit is adapted to reduce moment acting on the articulatedrobot 10. This leads to a drill unit (work machine unit) which permits the use of a small articulatedrobot 10 having a smaller allowable moment. - The example provides easy handling of the articulated
robot 10 in the narrow and dark space when performing the operation such as the installation of the guide rails in the elevator shaft. Thus, the example facilitates the installation operation of the guide rails. -
Figure 6 is a planview showing Modification 1 of thelinear guide part 120 shown inFigure 1 . Thelinear guide part 120 described with reference toFigures 1 and 2 is constituted of a pair (two) oflinear guides Modification 1, however, the linear guide part includes only onelinear guide 104 assembled to the center of the lower end (opposite side from the drilling machine 101) of thesupport member 103, as shown inFigure 6 . InModification 1, thelinear guide part 120 is constituted by a singlelinear guide 104. This results in the reduction of the number of components and the weight reduction of thedrill unit 100. - In the case of
Modification 1, thelinear guide base 105 may preferably be configured to have a larger contact area with thewall surface 1a such as to suppress lateral wavering of the linear guide part during the drilling operation. - The other components are the same as those of Example 1.
-
Figure 7 is a planview showing Modification 2 of the linear guide part shown inFigure 1 . Thelinear guide part 120 described with reference toFigures 1 and 2 is constituted using the rod-shapedlinear guide 104 and theelastic body 106.Modification 2 uses alinear guide 108 constituted by an extendable air cylinder, as shown inFigure 7 . - The other components are the same as those of the above-described Example 1.
- Next, A work machine unit and an articulated robot according to Example 2 of the present invention are described with reference to
Figures 8 and9 .Figure 8 is a front view showing the work machine unit and articulated robot according to Example 2.Figure 9 is a plan view showing an upper linear guide part shown inFigure 8 . - According to Example 2, the articulated
robot 10 is configured the same way as that of Example 1 shown inFigure 1 . Further, thelinear guide part 120 of the drill unit (work machine unit) 100 is also configured the same way as that of Example 1. Specifically, the drilling machine (work machine part) 101 is mounted to the one end (upper end) of thesupport member 103. Thelinear guide part 120 including thelinear guide 104 arranged in parallel to the direction of rotational axis of thedrilling machine 101 is assembled to the other end (lower end) of thesupport member 103 across the endeffector connection part 11. - Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that the drilling machine (work machine part) 101 assembled to the one end (upper end) of the
support member 103 is also provided with alinear guide part 121, as illustrated in the dotted frame inFigure 8 . As shown inFigure 9 , thelinear guide part 121 includes: a pair of linear guides 104 (104a, 104b) assembled to thesupport member 103 in a manner to sandwich thedrilling machine 101 therebetween; thelinear guide base 105 assembled to thelinear guide 104 at its end on the side of thewall surface 1a (seeFigure 8 ); and theelastic body 106 disposed between thelinear guide base 105 and thesupport member 103. - The
linear guides 104 disposed at thelinear guide part 121 are also passed through the through-holes formed in thesupport member 103, so that thesupport member 103
is adapted to move in the direction of rotational axis of thedrilling machine 101 as guided by thelinear guides 104 of thelinear guide part 121. According to this example, thesupport member 103 assembled with thedrilling machine 101 is guided by means of the lowerlinear guide part 120 and the upperlinear guide part 121. Hence, thesupport member 103 can be moved more accurately in the vertical direction with respect to thewall surface 1a of the drilling object (work object) 1. Accordingly, thedrill bit 102 of thedrilling machine 101 can also be moved more accurately in the vertical direction with respect to thewall surface 1a. Thus, the drilling machine can achieve the high-accuracy drilling operation on thewall surface 1a. - According to Example 2, the
linear guide base 105 of the upperlinear guide part 121 is formed with anaperture 105a at the center thereof or at position corresponding to thedrill bit 102 such that thedrill bit 102 is allowed to pass through the linear guide base. The other components are the same as those of the above-described Example 1. - According to Example 2, the same effects as those of Example 1 can be achieved. In addition, Example 2 can further suppress the wavering motion of the
drilling machine 101 during the drilling operation by virtue of the additionallinear guide part 121 disposed in vicinity to thedrilling machine 101. Furthermore, Example 2 enables more accurate drilling operation on thewall surface 1a because the drilling machine can more accurately maintain the plumbness of thedrill bit 102 with respect to thedrilling object 1 by pressing, against thedrilling object 1, thelinear guide base 105 of thelinear guide part 121 at thedrilling machine 101. - A work machine unit and an articulated robot according to Example 3 of the present invention are described with reference to
Figure 10. Figure 10 is a front view showing Example 3. In the figure, those components referred to by the equal or similar reference numerals to those used inFigures 1 and8 described above represent the identical or similar components. - According to Example 3, a dust collecting device (dust collecting means) is added to the drill unit (work machine unit) 100 so as to suck powder dust produced during the drilling operation by the drilling machine (work machine part) 101, as shown in
Figure 10 . The above-described dust collecting device includes: adust collector 109 including a vacuum pump (suction pump) and the like; a flexibledust collecting hose 110 connected to thedust collector 109 and having flexibility and stretchability; astretch hose 111 connected to the dust collecting hose and free to stretch in a moving direction of thesupport member 103; and adust collecting port 112 connected to a distal end of thestretch hose 111 and disposed in vicinity of a drilled place. - A connection portion between the
dust collecting hose 110 and thestretch hose 111 is attached to thesupport member 103. Thesupport member 103 is pushed toward thedrilling object 1 during the drilling operation by thedrilling machine 101. Thestretch hose 111 is configured to follow the movement of thesupport member 103. Thestretch hose 111 is an extendable telescopic type, as shown inFigure 10 . The stretch hose is made stretchable/shrinkable by the use of an elastic body such as spring or can be constituted by a bellows-like hose incorporating an elastic body. - The other components are the same as those of the above-described Example 2.
- According to Example 3, the same effects as those of Examples 1 and 2 can be achieved. Furthermore, Example 3 is adapted to prevent the powder dust produced during the drilling operation from permeating the narrow space such as the elevator shaft, and to achieve an effect to improve the working environment during the drilling operation or the like.
- A work machine unit and an articulated robot according to Example 4 of the present invention are described with reference to
Figures 11 and 12. Figure 11 is a front view showing Example 4.Figure 12 is a plan view showing an upper linear guide part shown inFigure 11 . In the figures, those components referred to by the equal or similar reference numerals to those used inFigures 1 ,8 and9 described above represent the identical or similar components. -
Figure 11 shows the upper linear guide part, the configuration of which, as illustrated in the dotted frame inFigure 8 , is changed to that shown inFigure 11 so as to further suppress the vibrations of thedrilling machine 101 in the direction of rotational axis thereof. According to Example 4, thesupport member 103 shown inFigure 8 is replaced by an S-shapedsupport member 113. Thelinear guide part 120 similar to the one of the above-described Example 1 or 2 is disposed at a lower part of the S-shapedsupport member 113. Alinear guide part 122 which includes alinear guide 115 longer than thelinear guide 104 of thelinear guide part 120 is disposed at an upper part of the S-shapedsupport member 113. Thelinear guide 115 is passed through a through-hole formed in the S-shapedsupport member 113. The S-shapedsupport member 113 is configured to move in the direction of rotational axis of the drilling machine (work machine part) 101 as also guided by thelinear guide 115. - That is, the S-shaped
support member 113 is configured to move in the direction of rotational axis of thedrilling machine 101 as guided by thelinear guide 104 of thelinear guide part 120 and thelinear guide 115 of thelinear guide part 122. - As shown in
Figures 11 and 12 , thelinear guide base 105 is assembled to thelinear guide 115 on its end on the side of thewall surface 1a of the drilling object (work object) 1. A work machine part support member (drilling machine support member) 114 for mounting thedrilling machine 101 is disposed between thelinear guide base 105 and the S-shapedsupport member 113. This work machinepart support member 114 is also formed with a through-hole. The work machinepart support member 114 is also configured to move smoothly in the direction of rotational axis of thedrilling machine 101 as guided by thelinear guide 115. - The
elastic body 106 such as spring or damper is disposed between the work machinepart support member 114 and thelinear guide base 105, while an elastic body 106' such as spring or damper is also disposed between the S-shapedsupport member 113 and the work machinepart support member 114. In this example as well, thelinear guide part 122 is constituted by a pair of linear guides (ii5a, 115b), as shown inFigure 12 . - Because of the above-described configuration, the
drilling machine 101 is adapted to perform the drilling operation by moving as guided bylinear guide 115 while biasing thelinear guides wall surface 1a. Thedrilling machine 101 is fixed to the work machinepart support member 114 which is smoothly movable on thelinear guide 104 and which has opposite ends clamped between theelastic bodies 106 and 106'. Thedrilling machine 101 is configured to be connected to the articulatedrobot 10 by means of the work machinepart support member 114 and the S-shapedsupport member 113. - The other components are the same as those of the above-described Example 2.
- As just described, this example is configured to suppress the vibrations transferred to the S-shaped
support member 113 by clamping thedrilling machine 101 as a source of vibrations between theelastic bodies 106, 106' such as spring or damper. - Thus, Example 4 is adapted to achieve the same effects as those of the above-described Examples 1 and 2 and to suppress the vibrations transferred to the S-shaped
support member 113. Accordingly, the vibrations transferred to the articulatedrobot 10 can be even further reduced. Therefore, Example 4 also permits the omission of theelastic member 107 shown in the above-describedFigures 1 and8 . - A work machine unit and an articulated robot according to Example 5 of the present invention are described with reference to
Figure 13. Figure 13 is a front view showing Example 5. In the figure, those components referred to by the equal or similar reference numerals to those used inFigure 1 described above represent the identical or similar components. - Example 5 has the same basic configuration as that of the above-described Example 1. As shown in
Figure 13 , Example 5 is characterized by addingdistance sensors distance sensor 116a is mounted to thesupport member 103 in vicinity of the drilling machine (work machine part) 101. Thedistance sensor 116b is mounted to thesupport member 103 in vicinity of thelinear guide 104a (seeFigure 2 ). The distance sensor 116c is mounted to thesupport member 103 in vicinity of thelinear guide 104b (seeFigure 2 ). - These
distance sensors 116a to 116c are for measuring a distance between thesupport member 103 and thewall surface 1a of the drilling object (work object) 1. The angle of the joint 14 at the distal end of the articulatedrobot 10 is controlled so as to equalizedistances distance sensors 116a to 116c. This permits thesupport member 103 to be controllably directed parallel to thewall surface 1a. Therefore, the articulated robot enables thedrilling machine 101 to perform the drilling operation and the like while accurately maintaining thedrill bit 102 thereof at right angle to thewall surface 1a. - The other components are the same as those of the above-described Example 1.
- According to Example 5, the same effects as those of the above-described Example 1 can be achieved. In addition, the
distance sensors 116a to 116c are provided for measuring distances to three different points so that the plumbness of thedrilling machine 101 with respect to thewall surface 1a can be maintained more accurately. - Usable examples of the above-described
distance sensors 116a to 116c include non-contact type using laser beams or ultrasonic waves, contact type using linear potentiometer, and the like but are not limited to these. - According to the above-described examples of the present invention, the work machine unit is removably connected to the distal end of the articulated robot and configured as illustrated by the respective examples. In the drilling operations and the like using the articulated robot, the present invention can reduce the reaction force or moment transferred from the end effector to the articulated robot and can also maintain the plumbness of the work machine part. Accordingly, even the small articulated robot having a small allowable moment at the joints is capable of performing the drilling operation. Thus, the present invention provides the drill unit which can use the small articulated robot.
- Further, the present invention also permits at least a part of the work machine part (drilling machine) to be disposed at place rearward of the end effector connection part (the opposite side from the work object). It is therefore possible to reduce the overall size of the articulated robot assembled with the work machine unit. Thus, the articulated robot easy to handle even in the narrow and dark space such as the elevator shaft is provided. In addition, the end effector is replaceable so that the robot is adaptable to operations other than drilling (such as striking anchor bots, fastening bolts and nuts, arranging brackets, and positioning).
- It is noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described examples but can include a variety of modifications. For example, the above examples have been described by way of the configuration using the drilling machine such as a hammer drill as the end effector used in the work machine unit. However, the present invention is not limited to the drilling machine but is similarly applicable to devices using the end effector performing a variety of operations such as striking anchor bolts, fastening bolts and nuts, arranging brackets, positioning, and the like. The above-described examples illustrate the configuration where the linear guide is provided with the elastic body. Even in a case where the linear guide is not provided with the elastic body, however, the effect of maintaining the plumbness of the work machine part with respect to the wall surface can be achieved. One component of one example can be replaced by one component of another example. A part of the configuration of one example permits addition of a part of the configuration of another example. The above-described examples are specifically described for greater clarity of the present invention. The present invention is not necessarily limited to what includes all the described components. Reference Signs List
-
- 1
- work object (drilling object)
- 1a
- wall surface
- 2
- robot ground contact surface
- 10
- articulated robot (operating machine),
- 11
- end effector connection part
- 12 to 14
- joint,
- 15
- base,
- 16
- body,
- 17
- first arm,
- 18
- second arm,
- 19
- third arm,
- 100
- work machine unit (drill unit),
- 101
- work machine part (drilling machine),
- 102
- drill bit,
- 103...
- support member,
- 104, 104a, 104b
- liner guide,
- 105
- linear guide base,
- 105a
- aperture,
- 106, 106'
- elastic body,
- 107
- elastic member,
- 108
- linear guide (air cylinder),
- 109
- dust collector,
- 110
- dust collecting hose,
- 111
- stretch hose,
- 112
- dust collecting port,
- 113
- S-shaped support member,
- 114
- work machine part support member (drilling machine support member),
- 115, 115a, 115b
- linear guide,
- 116a to 116c
- distance sensor,
- 117a to 117c
- distance,
- 120, 121, 122
- linear guide part,
- 200
- building,
- 201
- elevator shaft,
- 202
- wall surface,
- 203, 204
- guide rail,
- 205
- base bracket,
- 206
- rail bracket,
- 207
- rail fixing unit,
- 208
- lifting machine,
- 209, 221
- laser irradiator,
- 210, 218
- position detecting part,
- 211
- work base,
- 212
- guide shoe,
- 213
- rail template,
- 214
- wire,
- 215
- controller,
- 216
- parts box,
- 217
- rail positioning unit,
- 219
- rail positioning device,
- 220
- rail positioning unit connection part.
Claims (15)
- A work machine unit comprising:a support member assembled to an end effector connection part of an operating machine;a work machine part assembled to one end of the support member; anda linear guide disposed at another end of the support member across its connection to the end effector connection part from the support member, arranged in parallel to an axial direction of the work machine part, and configured to abut against a work object or its peripheral structural object,wherein the linear guide is passed through a through-hole formed in the support member, and the support member is configured to move in the axial direction of the work machine part as guided by the linear guide.
- The work machine unit according to Claim 1, further comprising at least one of an elastic body and a damper disposed at the linear guide.
- The work machine unit according to Claim 1, further comprising a linear guide base secured to the linear guide at its end on the work object side,
wherein the linear guide base is configured to abut against the work object or its peripheral structural object. - The work machine unit according to Claim 3, wherein the linear guide base is provided with an elastic material accommodating surface unevenness at its end face on the work object side.
- The work machine unit according to Claim 1, wherein
an elastic member is disposed between the support member and the end effector connection part. - The work machine unit according to Claim 1, wherein the linear guide is provided in a pair at the other end of the support member.
- The work machine unit according to Claim 1,wherein a pair of the linear guides is also disposed at the one end of the support member in a manner to sandwich the work machine part therebetween, and the linear guides are arranged in parallel to the axial direction of the work machine part, configured to abut against the work object or its peripheral structural object, and passed through a through-hole formed in the support member, andthe support member is configured to move in the axial direction of the work machine part as guided by the linear guides disposed at the one end and the other end of the support member.
- The work machine unit according to Claim 1, wherein the operating machine is an articulated robot, and the support member is assembled to the end effector connection part of the articulated robot.
- The work machine unit according to Claim 8, wherein the work machine part is a drilling machine.
- The work machine unit according to Claim 8, wherein the work machine part is for striking anchor bolts.
- The work machine unit according to Claim 9,
wherein the support member is provided with distance sensors at not less than three points thereof, and the drilling machine is controlled by the articulated robot so that the drilling machine is directed at right angle to a wall surface of the work object. - A work machine unit comprising:an S-shaped support member assembled to an end effector connection part of an operating machine;a work machine part assembled to one end of the S-shaped support member;a lower linear guide part which includes a linear guide disposed at another end of the support member across its connection to the end effector connection part from the S-shaped support member, arranged in parallel to an axial direction of the work machine part, and configured to abut against a work object or its peripheral structural object; andan upper linear guide part which includes a pair of linear guides disposed at the one end of the S-shaped support member in a manner to sandwich the work machine part therebetween, arranged in parallel to the axial direction of the work machine part, and configured to abut against the work object or its peripheral structural object,wherein the individual linear guides are passed through through-holes formed in the support member, and the S-shaped support member is configured to move in the axial direction of the work machine part as guided by the linear guides disposed at the one end and the other end of the support member, andthe upper linear guide part includes: a linear guide base disposed at the linear guides on their work object sides; and a work machine part support member disposed between the linear guide base and the S-shaped support member and used for mounting the work machine part, the work machine part support member is formed with through-holes and is also configured to move in the direction of rotational axis of the work machine part as guided by the linear guides, and an elastic body is respectively disposed between the work machine part support member and the linear guide base and between the S-shaped support member and the work machine part support member.
- An articulated robot comprising:a plurality of joints; anda plurality of arms connected to the joints,wherein an end effector connection part is disposed at the most distal one of the arms, andthe work machine unit according to any one of Claims 1 to 11 is assembled to the end effector connection part.
- The articulated robot according to Claim 13, wherein the end effector connection part is provided with a dynamic sensor.
- The articulated robot according to Claim 13, further comprising dust collecting means for collecting powder dust produced during an operation performed by the work machine part.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2019019572A JP7156962B2 (en) | 2019-02-06 | 2019-02-06 | Work machine unit and articulated robot |
PCT/JP2019/045628 WO2020161988A1 (en) | 2019-02-06 | 2019-11-21 | Work machine unit and articulated robot |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3922384A1 true EP3922384A1 (en) | 2021-12-15 |
EP3922384A4 EP3922384A4 (en) | 2022-11-02 |
Family
ID=71947454
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP19914232.4A Pending EP3922384A4 (en) | 2019-02-06 | 2019-11-21 | Work machine unit and articulated robot |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US12064874B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3922384A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP7156962B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN112584952B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2020161988A1 (en) |
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- 2019-11-21 EP EP19914232.4A patent/EP3922384A4/en active Pending
- 2019-11-21 US US17/270,466 patent/US12064874B2/en active Active
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CN112584952B (en) | 2024-01-09 |
JP7156962B2 (en) | 2022-10-19 |
US20210316444A1 (en) | 2021-10-14 |
US12064874B2 (en) | 2024-08-20 |
JP2020125194A (en) | 2020-08-20 |
CN112584952A (en) | 2021-03-30 |
WO2020161988A1 (en) | 2020-08-13 |
EP3922384A4 (en) | 2022-11-02 |
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