EP3856364A1 - Drone extincteur - Google Patents
Drone extincteurInfo
- Publication number
- EP3856364A1 EP3856364A1 EP19778503.3A EP19778503A EP3856364A1 EP 3856364 A1 EP3856364 A1 EP 3856364A1 EP 19778503 A EP19778503 A EP 19778503A EP 3856364 A1 EP3856364 A1 EP 3856364A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- drone
- trajectory
- air flow
- control unit
- reserve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006355 external stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010003497 Asphyxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008672 reprogramming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/02—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires
- A62C3/0207—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires by blowing air or gas currents with or without dispersion of fire extinguishing agents; Apparatus therefor, e.g. fans
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C29/00—Fire-fighting vessels or like floating structures
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/02—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires
- A62C3/0228—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires with delivery of fire extinguishing material by air or aircraft
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/02—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires
- A62C3/0228—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires with delivery of fire extinguishing material by air or aircraft
- A62C3/0235—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires with delivery of fire extinguishing material by air or aircraft by means of containers, e.g. buckets
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/02—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires
- A62C3/0271—Detection of area conflagration fires
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
- A62C99/0018—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using gases or vapours that do not support combustion, e.g. steam, carbon dioxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D1/00—Dropping, ejecting, releasing or receiving articles, liquids, or the like, in flight
- B64D1/16—Dropping or releasing powdered, liquid, or gaseous matter, e.g. for fire-fighting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64U30/00—Means for producing lift; Empennages; Arrangements thereof
- B64U30/20—Rotors; Rotor supports
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64U10/00—Type of UAV
- B64U10/10—Rotorcrafts
- B64U10/13—Flying platforms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64U2101/00—UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications
- B64U2101/30—UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications for imaging, photography or videography
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64U2101/00—UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications
- B64U2101/45—UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications for releasing liquids or powders in-flight, e.g. crop-dusting
- B64U2101/47—UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications for releasing liquids or powders in-flight, e.g. crop-dusting for fire fighting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64U2201/00—UAVs characterised by their flight controls
- B64U2201/10—UAVs characterised by their flight controls autonomous, i.e. by navigating independently from ground or air stations, e.g. by using inertial navigation systems [INS]
Definitions
- the technical field of the invention relates to fire-fighting devices and in particular mobile intervention equipment.
- the invention aims to overcome the problems mentioned above, by providing a drone allowing intervention in a reduced time and suitable for a fire inside a building.
- a drone comprising a propulsion unit controlled by a trajectory control unit, the trajectory control unit being controlled by a control unit, the propulsion unit comprising a plurality of propellers distributed in periphery of a carrier air flow having a cone shape and generating a propelling force, characterized in that it comprises at least one reserve of active agent intended to be expelled in the form of a light product under the action of a trigger, said reserve of active agent being disposed at least partly in the cone.
- each reserve of active agent is present in the form of a cartridge comprising an extinguishing agent released via an orifice closed by a plug, the trigger having the action of releasing the orifice from its plug, the orifice of said reserve being disposed in the cone and oriented at the opposite of the propelling force.
- the stopper comprises wax, the trigger acting on the stopper by a heating action.
- the active agent is stored in solid form and is intended to sublimate on contact with air, when the orifice is released, thus promoting its expulsion in a jet directed towards the opposite of the propelling force.
- the active agent is a gas combining with oxygen atoms and preferably with hot molecules, thus achieving fire smothering.
- the drone comprises at least one detection unit configured to acquire environmental data comprising a thermal camera, the control unit comprising at least:
- a target determination module for determining a target on which to drop the product
- a drop trajectory calculation module configured to calculate or update a drop trajectory as a function of the environmental data acquired by the detection unit
- an air flow calculation module configured to calculate the air flow generated by the drone as a function of a set power generated by the propulsion unit.
- the drone comprises a location unit, the drone, in communication link with a ground station, receiving a location of fire or start of fire.
- Another object of the invention relates to a method of dropping at least minus a light product comprising the following steps:
- the extinguishing agent is a gas which extinguishes fire by suffocation by sublimating on contact with oxygen molecules.
- the extinguishing agent is not under pressure and does not cause damage to the areas with which it comes into contact when it is released.
- the drone can therefore use the extinguishing agent without waiting for instructions from an operator to confirm the presence of a fire, its dissemination having no material consequences.
- the product is light enough to feel the effects of the air flow generated by the drone.
- the air flow generated by the drone influences the release path of the light product and can be used to counter a disturbing element or increase the distance of effect.
- the target can be determined autonomously from environmental data acquired by the drone detection unit.
- An environmental data can be for example a temperature or a wind speed.
- the air flow generated by the propulsion unit delimits a cone volume and the reserve of products is inside this volume.
- the detection unit comprises a thermal camera and a video acquisition unit configured to acquire the thermal images captured by the thermal camera.
- the target determination module is further configured to determine the target from the acquired thermal images.
- the detection unit makes it possible for example to detect a fire.
- the detection unit includes an anemometer.
- the detection unit makes it possible to measure the wind speed and direction to assess the external stresses exerted on the drone.
- the target determination module is configured to receive a setpoint associated with an intervention position and choose the intervention position for target.
- a setpoint associated with an intervention position and choose the intervention position for target.
- an operator can choose the target on which the drone will drop its light product.
- FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a method according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a drone according to the invention.
- FIG. 3 shows another schematic representation of the drone according to the invention arranged above a target.
- Drone release of a product means the act of dropping, of dropping the product from a drone.
- the release method 100 can be used in many situations.
- the target 1 10 and the product to be dropped differs depending on the situation.
- the target 1 10 is for example a fire or an outbreak of fire, the product being an extinguishing agent.
- the light product is, for example, in the form of a solid state extinguishing agent.
- This extinguishing agent sublimes in contact with air to intervene on fire in its gaseous state.
- a drone 210 is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 2.
- the drone 210 is an unmanned aircraft type vehicle, that is to say a flying drone.
- the drone 210 is preferably autonomous, that is to say that the drone can make decisions without necessarily receiving instructions from an operator.
- the drone 210 includes a control unit UC.
- Control unit is understood to mean a data processing device comprising for example one or more processors or other computers and one or more memories storing for example program data, drivers, also designated by drivers in English, or data representative of the environment from one or more sensors.
- the control unit UC is for example capable of recording and processing data such as mission data and data from sensors.
- the control unit UC allows the execution of programs which can call on subroutines to perform functions and sub-functions for processing the stored data.
- a functional module is thus composed of one or more functions or sub-functions performed by one or more programs or sub-programs.
- the control unit UC thus allows the activation of modules performing functions and interacting with each other for example in a cooperative manner.
- the drone 210 also includes at least one reserve of RP products associated with at least one DE trigger configured so that, when activated, perform an action on the reserve of RP products.
- the reserve of RP products is for example in the form of a container comprising a closed orifice and intended to be released by a trigger.
- the reserve of RP products is for example a cartridge of cylindrical shape closed by a plug and the light product to be dropped is for example an extinguishing agent stored in solid form and intended to sublimate in the gaseous state in contact with air, c that is to say at the time of release of the orifice. Sublimation facilitates the expulsion of the product from the cartridge in the form of a jet.
- the plug sealing the orifice is for example in the form of a wax capsule capable of melting above a certain temperature.
- the action on the reserve of RP products which the ED trigger exerts is for example the heating of the wax seal allowing the opening of the orifice and the expulsion of the active product in the gaseous state.
- the action of the trigger on the reserve of RP products can also consist in removing the cap from the cartridge and freeing the orifice.
- the drone 210 may include several reserves of RP products each containing identical or different products and each associated with a trigger.
- the drone comprises for example feet 21 1 allowing it to land on the ground.
- the drone 210 also includes at least one rotary wing UP propulsion unit.
- the propulsion unit comprises for example a plurality of propellers 200.
- the rotary wing propulsion unit advantageously allows the drone to hover or at low speed.
- the propulsion unit UP creates an air flow 203 represented by curved arrows forming a cone as shown in FIG. 3.
- the air flow 203 is generated by the rotation of the propellers 200 which create a lift force allowing the drone 210 to fly and exerts a pushing force on the elements in the air flow 203.
- the expelled light extinguisher has characteristics which allow it to feel the pushing effect exerted by the air flow 203 of the drone 210.
- the expelled light product thus feels the pushing effect.
- the trajectory of the expelled gas 1 12 is influenced by the air flow 203.
- Effect distance means the maximum distance between the drone 210 and the target 110 so that the light product dropped by the drone 210 can reach the target 1 10 without too much dispersion, so as to maintain an extinguishing effect.
- the release trajectory 1 12 is influenced on the one hand by the wind 11 1 which pushes the light product laterally and on the other hand by the air flow 203 generated by the drone which pushes the product light down.
- the release trajectory 1 12 may have several stages, that is to say several vertical portions and several horizontal portions, under the effect of a continuous lateral wind 1 1 1 and of a pulsed vertical flow produced by the propellers 200 of the drone 210.
- the horizontal portions correspond to the instants to which the light product is only subjected to wind 1 11 and the vertical portions correspond to the instants at which the light product is subjected to the wind 1 1 1 and to the pushing force exerted by the air flow 203.
- the pushing force exerted by the flow of air 203 can counter the disturbing element that constitutes the wind 1 1 1.
- the flow of air 203 generated by the propellers 200 of the drone 210 defines a volume.
- volume limits are shown in dotted lines in Figure 3. This volume has a typical cone shape, as shown in Figure 3.
- Each container is preferably placed inside the cone, and oriented downwards, as shown in FIG. 3.
- the volume of expelled light product which has an initial speed is further pushed down under the effect of the air flow generated by the drone.
- the drone 210 may include a larger number of propellers distributed around the periphery of the cone of propelled air flow.
- a single RP cartridge is shown inside the cone, but several cartridges could be arranged inside the cone.
- cartridge placed inside the cone it is understood that the expulsion orifice of the cartridge is arranged inside the cone and that thus the light product expelled is subjected to the acceleration of the air flow generated by the drone 210.
- the drone 210 also comprises a trajectory control unit UT configured to control the propulsion unit UP so as to obtain a determined drone trajectory.
- the drone 210 also includes at least one UD detection unit enabling the acquisition of environmental data.
- the detection unit UD comprises for example a thermal sensor, an environmental datum is then a temperature.
- the thermal sensor is for example an infrared sensor. This allows the risk to be taken into account exposure of the drone 210 to excessive heat, when the drone 210 intervenes in a fire.
- the detection unit UD comprises, for example, an anemometer, an environmental data item then being representative of the wind speed and direction. This makes it possible to take into account the information concerning the stresses exerted by the wind 1 1 1 on the drone 210, for example for a hovering flight, but also to take account of the wind for the conditions of release. As shown in FIG. 3, the drone 210 shifts laterally with respect to a vertical position of the target 110.
- the detection unit UD comprises for example a thermal camera and a video acquisition unit configured to acquire thermal images filmed by the thermal camera.
- the drone 210 comprises at least one UL location unit, for example a GPS type module.
- the control unit UC in communication link with the trajectory control unit UT, the trigger (s) DE of the container (s), the detection unit UD and the location unit UL, allows autonomous management by the drone.
- the control unit in particular sends commands directly to the autopilot of the control unit, which allows the reprogramming of a mission in progress memorized by the control unit.
- the drone 210 comprises for example a camera and a video acquisition unit configured to record the images filmed by the camera and retransmit the video stream intended for a ground station and for an operator to enable it to follow the intervention in progress and if necessary, send instructions to the drone 210.
- the drone 210 UC control unit includes for example:
- a first step 101 is for example a step of determining the target 1 10 by the target determination module MD of the drone 210.
- the target 1 10 can be determined from the environmental data acquired by the UD detection unit of the drone 210.
- the drone 210 can determine the relative position of a fire, using the thermal camera so as to detect hot spots beyond a memorized temperature threshold.
- a location of a fire or a start of a fire can also be transmitted by an operator through a ground station in communication with the drone.
- the detection unit UD After determining the position of the target, the detection unit UD performs a step 102 of acquiring environmental data.
- This acquisition step 102 consists for example of acquiring temperature data using a thermal sensor of the detection unit UD or the wind speed and direction using the anemometer of the UD detection unit or other data on the external stresses exerted on the drone 210 and which will be exerted on the light product after its release.
- the air flow calculation module MF then performs a step 103 of calculation of the air flow 203 generated by the propulsion unit UP of the drone 210.
- This step 103 consists in an evaluation of the thrust force exerted by the air flow 203.
- the MTL release trajectory calculation module then performs a step 104 of calculating a release trajectory 112. This trajectory calculation is for example carried out as a function of the environmental data acquired in step 102 and of the flow d air 203 calculated in step 103.
- the drone 210 performs an assessment of its release trajectory 11 and of its optimal distance of action, taking into account external constraints such as wind and the stresses exerted by the drone 210 on the light product once dropped.
- the calculation of a trajectory in a first position can be carried out before verifying, in a verification step 105, whether the light product dropped can effectively reach the target.
- a new drop position is for example considered and a new step 104 of calculating a drop trajectory is carried out.
- This new release position is for example a position closer to an obstacle or closer to the fire, that is to say a less secure position.
- a real-time movement is for example carried out in a repositioning step 106 aiming to benefit from a new effective position of the drone.
- a new verification step 105 is carried out to determine whether the light product dropped can effectively reach the target.
- a next step 109 of dropping the light product onto the target 110 is carried out by the dropping module ML.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
- Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1858916A FR3086640A1 (fr) | 2018-09-27 | 2018-09-27 | Drone extincteur |
| PCT/EP2019/075982 WO2020064905A1 (fr) | 2018-09-27 | 2019-09-26 | Drone extincteur |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3856364A1 true EP3856364A1 (fr) | 2021-08-04 |
Family
ID=66166020
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19778503.3A Withdrawn EP3856364A1 (fr) | 2018-09-27 | 2019-09-26 | Drone extincteur |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3856364A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3086640A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2020064905A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11045672B2 (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2021-06-29 | Nutech Ventures | Fire suppression and ignition with unmanned aerial vehicles |
| KR102737692B1 (ko) * | 2016-05-26 | 2024-12-03 | 주식회사 두드론 | 가미카제식으로 화재발생지역의 화재를 진압하는 소방체계 시스템 |
| KR20180001057A (ko) * | 2016-06-24 | 2018-01-04 | (주)세이프인 | 드론을 이용하는 화재진압 시스템 및 방법, 재난 정보 취득 시스템 |
| CN206675846U (zh) * | 2017-04-07 | 2017-11-28 | 宁夏冰核科技有限公司 | 无人机灭火系统 |
-
2018
- 2018-09-27 FR FR1858916A patent/FR3086640A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2019
- 2019-09-26 WO PCT/EP2019/075982 patent/WO2020064905A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2019-09-26 EP EP19778503.3A patent/EP3856364A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2020064905A1 (fr) | 2020-04-02 |
| FR3086640A1 (fr) | 2020-04-03 |
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