EP3805671B1 - Absorption d'un réfrigérant combustible - Google Patents

Absorption d'un réfrigérant combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3805671B1
EP3805671B1 EP20195255.3A EP20195255A EP3805671B1 EP 3805671 B1 EP3805671 B1 EP 3805671B1 EP 20195255 A EP20195255 A EP 20195255A EP 3805671 B1 EP3805671 B1 EP 3805671B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
absorption liquid
housing
refrigeration cycle
clockwise
signal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20195255.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3805671A1 (fr
Inventor
Arnold Wohlfeil
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vaillant GmbH
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Vaillant GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3805671A1 publication Critical patent/EP3805671A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/005—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/12—Inflammable refrigerants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/22—Preventing, detecting or repairing leaks of refrigeration fluids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the suppression of flammable and toxic gases in a device in which a left-handed refrigeration process takes place, for example a heat pump.
  • flammable refrigerants are used in heat pumps and in cooling and freezing systems, which have the advantage of not damaging the climate or the ozone layer if they are accidentally released.
  • due to their flammability, such an accidental release should be avoided as far as possible.
  • the Japanese disclosure document JP 2000 105034 A describes a refrigerator or freezer in which the refrigerated goods compartment is rendered inert by spraying in inert gas if an inflammable refrigerant escapes due to a leak. In addition, the door is opened so that no overpressure occurs. In addition, an adsorbent is installed in the floor area to bind escaping refrigerant.
  • Suitable absorption liquids are long chain alcohols such as nonanol, decanol and undecanol, they are particularly suitable for absorbing propane.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a method and a device to bind accidentally escaping working fluids so that they cannot ignite.
  • the absorption liquid is a long-chain carbon compound, preferably these are the liquids nonanol, decanol, undecanol or mixtures thereof.
  • the triggering signal follows a concentration measurement, with a triggering signal being given when 40 percent of the ignition limit of the concentration of the working fluid and air is reached.
  • the stop signal is given when 10 percent or 5 percent of the corresponding ignition limit is reached. Trigger signal and stop signal can also occur several times in succession.
  • the absorbing liquid running off is collected in a separate container after being collected and fed to a reprocessing.
  • carbon dioxide or nitrogen is used as the propellant gas in the pressure vessel. This has the advantage that when the tank no longer contains any absorbent because it has been used up, the room is still rendered inert.
  • the drip tray is provided with a vent which opens into a lockable and removable container.
  • Further configurations of the device relate to the injection. It is provided here that a very fine nozzle is used, which leads to a very fine mist during spraying. Multiple nozzles fed from a header can also be used. These nozzles can be aimed vertically or horizontally, and the aiming can be aimed at known risk points in the refrigeration circuit.
  • a pressure vessel 4 is arranged above the capsule housing 3; the pressure vessel can also be arranged at any other, easily accessible location in the heat pump 1.
  • the pressure vessel contains a mixture of nonanol, decanol and undecanol as the absorption liquid and carbon dioxide as the propellant.
  • the pressure tank 4 is connected to the automatic valve 5 via a pressure line.
  • a concentration measurement for gaseous working fluid which is R290 in this example, is used as the signal generator 6 for the valve 5 .
  • the concentration is measured inside the capsule housing 3. As soon as a gas concentration of 40 percent of the ignition limit, which is 1.7 percent in air, ie 0.68 percent, is measured, the valve 5 opens automatically.
  • the absorption liquid is conducted via a pressure line to the atomizer nozzle 7, which is located inside the capsule housing 3, where fine atomization of the absorption liquid takes place.
  • the absorption liquid dissolves the propane and drains into the drip tray 8. From there, it is channeled into the collection container 10 via a secured outlet. As soon as the concentration measurement falls below 10 percent of the ignition limit, i.e. 0.17 percent propane in air, the injection is stopped.
  • this cycle can be repeated until the absorption liquid in the pressure vessel 4 is used up.
  • the capsule housing is then rendered inert with the propellant gas, so that ignition is reliably prevented even if working fluid escapes further.
  • FIG 2 shows a heat pump 1 with the same structure as in FIG 1 , but with the difference that instead of a single nozzle, a horizontal row of nozzles 11 is provided in the head area of the capsule housing.
  • the absorption liquid can be distributed more quickly in the capsule housing 3 .
  • the pressure line behind the valve 5 is connected to a header 12, which distributes the absorption liquid evenly to all nozzles.
  • FIG 3 shows a heat pump 1 with the same structure as in FIG 2 , but with the difference that, in addition to a horizontal row of nozzles, vertical rows of nozzles 13 are also provided, which allow an even better distribution of the absorption liquid.
  • the nozzles can be directed at critical pipe connections or heat exchanger connections where leaks are possible.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
  • Magnetic Heads (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé d'absorption d'un fluide de travail inflammable dans le boîtier (1, 3) d'un dispositif pour le fonctionnement d'un circuit de réfrigération gauche, caractérisé en ce que
    - sur un signal déclencheur, un liquide d'absorption se trouvant sous haute pression, peu combustible ou incombustible est injecté dans le boîtier (3),
    - l'injection est maintenue jusqu'à ce qu'un signal soit effectué pour l'arrêt de l'injection, et
    - le liquide d'absorption descendant est recueilli.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le liquide d'absorption est un composé de carbone à chaîne longue.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le liquide d'absorption est sélectionné à partir du nonanol, décanol, undécanol ou des mélanges de ceux-ci.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le signal déclencheur suit une mesure de concentration, dans lequel lors de l'atteinte de 40 % de la limite d'inflammabilité de la concentration en air et fluide de travail, un signal de déclenchement est émis.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le signal d'arrêt est émis lors de l'atteinte de 10 % ou de 5 % de la limite d'inflammabilité correspondante.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le liquide d'absorption descendant est collecté après le recueil dans un récipient séparé.
  7. Dispositif d'injection de liquide d'absorption dans le boîtier (3) d'un dispositif de fonctionnement d'un circuit de réfrigération gauche, caractérisé par
    - un récipient sous pression (4) qui contient un liquide d'absorption et qui peut contenir un gaz propulseur,
    - le récipient sous pression (4) est relié par le biais d'une conduite de pression à une soupape automatique (5),
    - cette soupape (5) est reliée à un transmetteur de signaux (6), dont les signaux proviennent d'une mesure de concentration de fluide de travail gazeux et d'une unité de calcul ou d'une électronique analogique pour la détermination de la limite d'inflammabilité,
    - la soupape (5) est reliée à une conduite de pression qui mène à au moins une buse (7) qui est agencée dans l'espace d'un boîtier d'encapsulation (3), dans lequel le circuit de réfrigération gauche est réalisé,
    - dans lequel une cuve de réception (8) est prévue en dessous de l'espace d'un boîtier d'encapsulation (3), dans lequel le circuit de réfrigération gauche est réalisé.
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que du dioxyde de carbone ou de l'azote est utilisé comme gaz propulseur dans le récipient sous pression (4).
  9. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que la cuve de réception (8) est pourvue d'un évent (9) qui débouche dans un récipient (10) refermable et amovible.
  10. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'une buse très fine (7) est utilisée, laquelle entraîne un brouillard très fin lors de la pulvérisation.
  11. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'une pluralité de buses (11, 13) est utilisée, laquelle est alimentée par le biais d'un tuyau collecteur (12).
EP20195255.3A 2019-10-08 2020-09-09 Absorption d'un réfrigérant combustible Active EP3805671B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019126949.0A DE102019126949A1 (de) 2019-10-08 2019-10-08 Absorption brennbarer Kältemittel

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3805671A1 EP3805671A1 (fr) 2021-04-14
EP3805671B1 true EP3805671B1 (fr) 2022-11-23

Family

ID=72473337

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20195255.3A Active EP3805671B1 (fr) 2019-10-08 2020-09-09 Absorption d'un réfrigérant combustible

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3805671B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102019126949A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK3805671T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2938070T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102021214715A1 (de) 2021-12-20 2023-06-22 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Wärmepumpenvorrichtung und Auffangeinheit für die Wärmepumpenvorrichtung
DE102022100635A1 (de) 2022-01-12 2023-07-13 Vaillant Gmbh Begrenzung der VOC-Co-Absorption

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4411281B4 (de) * 1994-03-31 2004-07-22 Daimlerchrysler Ag Kraftfahrzeug mit einer Klimaanlage
JP2000105034A (ja) * 1998-09-29 2000-04-11 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 冷却貯蔵庫
DE102011116863A1 (de) * 2011-10-25 2013-04-25 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zur Sicherung einer Vorrichtung für einen thermodynamischen Kreisprozess und abgesicherte Vorrichtung für einen thermodynamischen Kreisprozess
DE102012011323A1 (de) * 2012-06-06 2012-12-13 Daimler Ag Befüllanlage, Befüllanordnung und Verfahren zum Befüllen eines Kältemitteltanks
DE102014211302A1 (de) * 2014-06-13 2015-12-17 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Sicherheitsvorrichtung für ein Haushaltsgerät, Haushaltsgerät mit einer solchen und Verfahren zum Betreiben desselben
DE102014112545B4 (de) * 2014-09-01 2022-06-02 Denso Automotive Deutschland Gmbh Kompaktaggregat für ein Kraftfahrzeug und Verfahren zur Notfallbehandlung einer Kraftfahrzeugklimaanlage

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Publication number Publication date
EP3805671A1 (fr) 2021-04-14
ES2938070T3 (es) 2023-04-04
DE102019126949A1 (de) 2021-04-08
DK3805671T3 (da) 2023-02-20

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