EP3803455A1 - Detection d'objet par ultrasons - Google Patents
Detection d'objet par ultrasonsInfo
- Publication number
- EP3803455A1 EP3803455A1 EP19753143.7A EP19753143A EP3803455A1 EP 3803455 A1 EP3803455 A1 EP 3803455A1 EP 19753143 A EP19753143 A EP 19753143A EP 3803455 A1 EP3803455 A1 EP 3803455A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- object detection
- signals
- ultrasonic signals
- spectrograms
- ultrasound
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting in contact-lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
- A61F9/08—Devices or methods enabling eye-patients to replace direct visual perception by another kind of perception
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting in contact-lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H3/00—Appliances for aiding patients or disabled persons to walk about
- A61H3/06—Walking aids for blind persons
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H3/00—Appliances for aiding patients or disabled persons to walk about
- A61H3/06—Walking aids for blind persons
- A61H3/061—Walking aids for blind persons with electronic detecting or guiding means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/02—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems using reflection of acoustic waves
- G01S15/04—Systems determining presence of a target
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/86—Combinations of sonar systems with lidar systems; Combinations of sonar systems with systems not using wave reflection
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/87—Combinations of sonar systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S15/93—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/521—Constructional features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B21/00—Teaching, or communicating with, the blind, deaf or mute
- G09B21/001—Teaching or communicating with blind persons
- G09B21/006—Teaching or communicating with blind persons using audible presentation of the information
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H2201/00—Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
- A61H2201/16—Physical interface with patient
- A61H2201/1602—Physical interface with patient kind of interface, e.g. head rest, knee support or lumbar support
- A61H2201/1604—Head
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H2201/00—Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
- A61H2201/50—Control means thereof
- A61H2201/5007—Control means thereof computer controlled
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H2201/00—Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
- A61H2201/50—Control means thereof
- A61H2201/5007—Control means thereof computer controlled
- A61H2201/501—Control means thereof computer controlled connected to external computer devices or networks
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H2201/00—Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
- A61H2201/50—Control means thereof
- A61H2201/5023—Interfaces to the user
- A61H2201/5048—Audio interfaces, e.g. voice or music controlled
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H2201/00—Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
- A61H2201/50—Control means thereof
- A61H2201/5058—Sensors or detectors
- A61H2201/5064—Position sensors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H2201/00—Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
- A61H2201/50—Control means thereof
- A61H2201/5058—Sensors or detectors
- A61H2201/5084—Acceleration sensors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H2201/00—Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
- A61H2201/50—Control means thereof
- A61H2201/5097—Control means thereof wireless
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/52017—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging
- G01S7/52079—Constructional features
- G01S7/5208—Constructional features with integration of processing functions inside probe or scanhead
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of object detection by ultrasound, and more specifically for the purpose of providing spatial information in stereo audio form. It applies to any difficult vision context.
- document KR 20160081589 describes such a device, which also includes a loudspeaker for emitting an alarm when the distance between the glasses and the obstacle becomes less than a predetermined value.
- the audible alarm is of the beep type and its repetition rate increases as the distance from the obstacle decreases.
- the audible alarm can be supplemented by a vibrotactile feedback, the vibration frequency of which changes with the distance.
- the glasses incorporate a GPS to track the route traveled. This type of device transforms spatial information into sound or vibratory information that is easy to interpret but relatively poor.
- Document CN 2500297 describes glasses fitted with an ultrasonic transmitter transducer and two ultrasonic receiver transducers.
- An electronic circuit forms audio signals from the signals received by the receivers.
- the audio signals are supplied to headphones intended to be worn by a user.
- the processing carried out on the signals received by the receivers does not modify the duration of the echo so that it is the amplitude of the output signal which varies according to the more or less strong echoes caused by the surrounding objects.
- the result is not necessarily clearly perceptible by the human brain and does not allow a fine distinction between surrounding objects.
- this device has only one transmitting transducer, which limits the possibilities of distinguishing the contours of objects.
- this transmitting transducer has only one radiation diagram, which limits the space that can be probed.
- Document US 5,107,467 describes an echo location system for a blind person, which comprises means for emitting ultrasonic bursts to objects, means for receiving the echo and generating an echo signal for each sound burst received with a certain actual trigger delay caused by the delay in propagation of sound waves in the air, and means for adding an additional delay.
- the echo signal is typically made up of many signals reflected from objects at different distances from the microphone and signals that have bounced several times from different objects.
- the echo signal has an echo profile which is recovered as an echo profile signal, which suppresses the sound burst frequency and makes the echo signal audible.
- the echo profile signal is applied to a variable delay circuit to add a delay which increases with the distance of echogenic objects.
- the signal processing which is carried out therefore aims to remain in the time domain. In other words, the treatment only accounts for the reaction time of the auditory system in the time domain. It is a relatively basic treatment, which does not allow a great wealth in restitution for the user.
- the invention aims to solve the problems of the prior art by providing an ultrasonic object detection device comprising at least two independent transducers capable of emitting at least two ultrasonic signals respectively to produce in return ultrasonic signals reflected and capable of receiving reflected ultrasonic signals, characterized in that it comprises an electronic processing unit configured for:
- the present invention makes it possible to enrich the perception of the environment by the user. Indeed, it does not issue an alarm when a situation is detected as critical for the user based on the logical validation of a test criterion, but it continuously provides the user with signals representative of its environment, which he interprets based on his own experience, analogies, deductive processes, etc.
- the present invention therefore provides rich and conditioned information for the user to make his own mental analysis of the situation.
- An alarm is stressful because it generates immediate attention and requires an appropriate response. Thanks to the invention, the restored signal can be listened to permanently by the user and is not in itself a stressful signal unless its interpretation leads to an alarming situation.
- the present invention provides spatial information in stereo audio form in a context of difficult, impossible vision or in the case where the visual cognitive load of the user is already highly stressed.
- the human brain uses the capacity of the human brain to perform stereo time-frequency analysis in speech processing, i.e. to understand words in order to submit sounds which are in fact representative of the ultrasound signal. or the ambient acoustic signal in the ultrasonic band.
- the electronic processing unit is able to be connected to an audio reproduction headset, in order to reproduce the respective audible time signals.
- the audio signals are thus made available to the user.
- the electronic processing unit is further able to be connected to an external device capable of performing at least part of the processing carried out on the signals.
- an external device capable of performing at least part of the processing carried out on the signals.
- the object detection device by ultrasound further comprises an accelerometer, a magnetometer and a gyrometer capable of associating an orientation relative to the vertical and to the magnetic north with the solid angle probed. This additional information contributes to enriching the information provided to the user.
- the object detection device by ultrasound further comprises a capacitive sensor or an accelerometer able to allow the activation or the standby of the object detection device.
- the activation or the standby of the object detection device are carried out in a simple and intuitive manner by the user.
- the object detection device by ultrasound further comprises a triaxial transducer, with double frequency and triple radiation pattern.
- a triaxial transducer makes it possible to probe three regions of space in a simple manner.
- the triaxial transducer, with double frequency and triple radiation diagram comprises:
- the invention also relates to a pair of glasses equipped with an object detection device by ultrasound as previously presented.
- the invention also relates to a method of object detection by ultrasound comprising steps of:
- the conversion of the reflected ultrasonic signals into respective spectrograms comprises a projection of values of digitized signals formed from the reflected ultrasonic signals, on at least part of the audible frequency band.
- the object detection method by ultrasound further comprises a step of amplification of the reflected ultrasonic signals received with a gain proportional to the delay.
- the ultrasonic signals reflected by more distant objects have an increased amplitude to pay more attention to these objects.
- the object detection method by ultrasound further comprises a step of translating the spectrograms.
- the method has advantages similar to those previously presented.
- the steps of the method according to the invention are implemented by computer program instructions.
- the invention also relates to a computer program on an information medium, this program being capable of being implemented in a computer, this program comprising instructions adapted to the implementation of the steps of a process as described above.
- This program can use any programming language, and be in the form of source code, object code, or intermediate code between source code and object code, such as in a partially compiled form, or in any other desirable form.
- the invention also relates to an information medium readable by a computer, and comprising computer program instructions adapted to the implementation of the steps of a method as described above.
- the information medium can be any entity or device capable of storing the program.
- the support may include a storage means, such as a ROM, for example a CD ROM or a microelectronic circuit ROM, or else a magnetic recording means, for example a hard disk, or even a flash memory. such as a USB memory stick.
- the information medium can be a transmissible medium such as an electrical or optical signal, which can be routed via an electrical or optical cable, by radio or by other means.
- the program according to the invention can in particular be downloaded from a network of the Internet type.
- the information medium can be an integrated circuit in which the program is incorporated, the circuit being adapted to execute or to be used in the execution of the method according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 represents an object detection device by ultrasound according to an embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 represents a method of object detection by ultrasound according to an embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 3 represents an example of an ultrasonic signal emitted in an embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 4 represents an example of an echogram received by a transducer in an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 5 represents a transducer with double working frequency according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the invention relates to an ultrasonic object detection device comprising at least two independent transducers capable of emitting at least two ultrasonic signals respectively to produce in return reflected ultrasonic signals and capable of receiving the reflected ultrasonic signals.
- the device comprises an electronic processing unit 3 configured for:
- the frequency range of ultrasound is in practice between 20 kHz and 200 kHz in air and between 50 kHz and 5 MHz in a liquid medium.
- the audio reproduction range is between 20 Hz and 20,000 Hz, and preferably between 100 Hz and 8000 Hz.
- the object detection device by ultrasound is placed on a support 1 in the form of a pair of glasses intended to be worn by a user. These glasses are more particularly intended to be used in a fluid medium, air or water, and in the case where the vision of the user must be improved, either because he is blind, or because the medium does not allow a sufficient vision.
- ecovision when it comes to perceiving the outline of objects and the limits of the surrounding space and echo-stereography when it comes to inspecting the interior of objects as in the marine environment .
- the device equips a vehicle or a motorcycle helmet to allow ecovision in a direction not visible to the driver.
- the device equips a diving mask.
- the device can also equip a handle intended to be held in the hand.
- the ultrasonic object detection device comprises the two ultrasonic transducers 2 arranged on the pair of glasses.
- the transducers are for example arranged in front of the user's eyes when they wear the glasses.
- the transducers 2 are independent of each other and have central frequencies whose value depends on the intended use.
- the central frequency is for example 40 kHz for distant ecovision or 175 kHz for near ecovision.
- the number of transducers can be more than two.
- the choice of the ultrasonic frequency is a compromise between detection distance and spatial resolution.
- the ultrasonic signal beams transmitted at high frequencies are directional and they make it possible to clearly distinguish the contours of objects.
- high frequencies absorb very quickly and their range is weaker. For example, at 175 kHz the range is a few tens of centimeters, while at 23 kHz, the range can reach several tens of meters.
- Different pairs of glasses can be provided, some for close distances and providing good angular resolution, others for far distances, still others for the underwater environment.
- the transducers 2 are configured to switch from a transmission mode to a reception mode. For very short distance echovision, for example a few centimeters, the two transducers can be coupled and synchronized so that one operates in transmission while the other operates in reception.
- the transducers 2 can be associated with parabolic antennas, not shown in FIG. 1. In this case, the vibrating faces of the transducers 2 are arranged in the focal plane of the antenna.
- the transducers 2 are dimensioned to produce ultrasound in relatively collimated beams, with an opening angle of 7 degrees at 175 kHz.
- the ultrasonic object detection device comprises the electronic processing unit 3 connected to the transducers 2.
- the electronic processing unit 3 comprises a battery 31, a module 32 for controlling ultrasound emission from each transducer, a module 33 for switching control between the transmission mode and the reception mode of each transducer, and a signal processing module 34 for carrying out the processing operations described below.
- the electronic processing unit 3 is connected to a sound reproduction headset 4, intended to be worn by the user.
- the headphones also provide a passive and / or active noise canceling function, it preferably includes binaural microphones to pick up the external sound and reproduce it internally.
- the electronic processing unit 3 is also able to be connected to an external device able to carry out all or part of the processing carried out on the signals.
- This device is for example a smartphone, a tablet or a computer.
- the object detection device by ultrasound also includes an accelerometer, a magnetometer and a gyrometer arranged on the pair of glasses. This allows for example to associate an orientation with respect to vertical and magnetic north to the solid angle probed and therefore to build an audio graphic representation of the environment as a function of the solid angle probed.
- the device may also include a capacitive sensor or an accelerometer arranged on the pair of glasses, to allow activation or standby of the object detection device as explained below.
- Figure 2 shows an embodiment of the object detection device by ultrasound in the form of a flowchart comprising steps E1 to E9.
- steps E1 to E8 are described for a given transducer to simplify the description, but they are carried out in parallel for the two transducers.
- Step E1 is the emission of an ultrasonic signal by the transducer 2.
- FIG. 3 represents an example of an ultrasonic signal SU.
- the transducer is in transmission mode and the transmission is triggered by a synchronization signal TRIG coming from the electronic processing unit 3 itself if it is capable of transmitting its own synchronization signal or coming from an external device.
- the emission of the ultrasonic signal begins at an instant T0 on a rising edge of the synchronization signal. It should be noted that a fixed latency time can be expected between the rising edge and the effective shot.
- the period of the ultrasonic signal is adjustable and is preferably between 1 ms and 100 ms. In the following, we consider that the period is worth 50 ms.
- the ultrasonic signal comprises over a period a number N of square pulses, N being typically between 1 and 4, of voltage between 1 and 100 V, at the central resonance frequency of the transducer considered.
- the width of a pulse is configurable and corresponds to the half-period of the transducer resonant frequency.
- the emission of ultrasound begins with a low amplitude of excitation voltage.
- the amplitude of the excitation voltage may be a few volts at the start. Then this amplitude can be increased automatically or by the user, for example up to 100 V, when the amplitude of the echo is low.
- the next step E2 is the reception of a reflected ultrasound signal, or echogram, by the transducer.
- the transducer is switched to reception mode.
- FIG. 4 represents an example of an EC echogram received by a given transducer.
- the echogram EC firstly comprises a deaf zone ZS, corresponding to the emission of the ultrasound signal SU. Detection is not possible during this time.
- the EC echogram then comprises one or more peaks which each correspond to an object or to successive echoes on the same object.
- the time position of each peak corresponds to the distance between the object and the transducer 2 which emitted the ultrasonic signal.
- an object located at 5 cm thus produces a first peak after 0.3 ms, while an object located at 17 cm produces a peak at the end 1 ms.
- the impulse response of the transducer In transmission / reception mode with a single transducer, the impulse response of the transducer must therefore be as short as possible, preferably less than ten acoustic periods of the transducer used, so as to be able to detect close objects.
- the next step E3 is an optional analog amplification step of the EC echogram.
- the wave packets corresponding to the most distant echogenic objects arrive at the end of the echogram. They are of lower intensity.
- the gain is then increased proportionally to time or according to an increasing monotonic law following the specific instant or the predetermined peak.
- the gain can be adjustable by the user.
- the result is an amplified echogram.
- the next step E4 is an analog-digital conversion of the amplified echogram.
- the echogram is for example sampled at the frequency of 164 kech / s over 12 to 15 quantization bits for a central transmission / reception frequency of the transducer of 40 kHz. The result is a digitized echogram.
- the next step E5 is a transformation of the digitized echogram into a digital signal of positive values. For example, we take the absolute value of each sample of the signal to form a positive digital signal.
- steps E4 and E5 can be replaced by steps E4 'and E5'.
- step E4 ′ is a peak or profile detection of the analog echogram from the absolute value of the analog signal.
- step E5 ′ is an analog-to-digital conversion of the positive analog signal. In this case, the signal is sampled at a much lower sampling frequency, for example 44100 Hz.
- step E5 or E5 ' is a vector of positive values, developed from the profile of the echogram.
- step E6 is a conversion into a spectrogram of the vector obtained in the previous step. This involves projecting the vector constructed from the echogram onto a spectrum occupying at least part of the audible band.
- a homothety is applied to the vector constructed from the echogram.
- Homothety is an association between distance determined by the echogram and frequency.
- the association can be linear, for example the frequency component 0 Hz is associated with an echogenic object located at 0 cm, the frequency component 300 Hz is associated with an echogenic object located at 30 cm, the frequency component 8000 Hz is associated with an echogenic object located 800 cm away.
- a homothetic association factor is 10 Hz / cm. If the return-to-return transit speed in the air of 17 cm / ms is involved, then the echogram conversion coefficient is 170 Hz / ms.
- the distances are multiplied by 5 and in solids, they are further multiplied by a factor of between 2 and 4 compared to water depending on whether transverse waves, longitudinal or guided waves are used.
- the conversion coefficient therefore depends on the speed of propagation of the ultrasound in the chosen propagation medium.
- the conversion coefficient also depends on the bandwidth of the frequency of restitution chosen. Indeed, the spectrum on which the vector is projected depends on the audio reproduction desired by the user.
- the projection spectrum can occupy the entire audible band. If the user wishes to continue being able to listen to the ambient noise, in particular when he is moving on the street, it is possible to contract the echogram so that he occupies only a band of 500 to 2000 Hz and translate it so that the distance 0 cm begins at a frequency that is pleasant for the user, corresponding for example to the start of the emission spectrum of a bird, such as the nightingale.
- the bandwidth and the centering of the audio reproduction frequency band are preferably configurable.
- the conversion coefficient could be double or half, or less and possibly vary according to a logarithmic law (rapid variation with close and slow distances to distant distances) according to usage preferences and taking into account any presbycusis or hearing impairment of the user.
- the set of steps E4 to E6 is thus a conversion of the reflected ultrasonic signal received into a spectrogram in an audible frequency band.
- the next step E7 is a transformation of the spectrogram to give it the mathematical characteristics of a digital spectrum in module obtained by fast Fourier transform, FFT.
- FFT fast Fourier transform
- the spectrogram is periodized at an audio restitution sampling frequency.
- the result is an equivalent phase spectrogram.
- spectrogram typically occupies the band from 0 to 8000 Hz.
- audio reproduction sampling frequency 44100 Hz accessible to a smartphone or a microcontroller. This implies having 2205 frequency components spaced 20 Hz apart to reproduce an audio signal over 50 ms.
- 400 frequency components are enough to cover the spectrum from 0 to 8000 Hz. Knowing that there are 8192 time samples for sampling at 163kS / s, it is possible to perform a peak detection of this digital signal and then a sub - sampling from 1 to 20 to keep only 400 samples representative of the spectrum from 0 to 8000 Hz.
- the next step E8 is a fast fast Fourier transformation of the spectrogram obtained in the previous step.
- the result is a time signal in the audible band. This signal is normalized to the amplitude of 1 which is the maximum amplitude level of an audio signal.
- a complementary audio filter is added to the audio signal for listening comfort, so as to add harmonics to it to change the timbre of the playback. It is in this case of sound colorization consisting in enriching the spectrum for the hearing comfort of the user by adding a psychoacoustic effect.
- steps E1 to E8 are carried out in parallel for the two transducers. The result of step E8 is therefore two audio signals.
- the next step E9 is the reproduction of the audio signals on the sound reproduction headphones 4 intended to be worn by the user.
- the audio signal produced from the echogram from the left transducer is sent to the left earphone, and the audio signal produced from the echogram from the right transducer is sent to the right earphone.
- the processed signal is reproduced continuously in 50 ms increments juxtaposed, so that the user has the impression of scanning the space continuously and that there is continuity of the time slots. Ultrasonic echoes therefore make it possible to "see” the environment in the form of sounds.
- the user can then adjust the playback volume on his stereo headphones. Listening to these two signals simultaneously allows the brain to discern the depth and the profile of the relief by moving the head and thus to form a sound image of the environment. If the left ultrasonic signal beam is reflected by the edge of an object and the right ultrasonic signal beam is already beyond the edge of the object, the restitution signals will be different which produces different restitution sounds, perceptible by the auditory system and the human brain.
- the two audio signals can be compared with each other by the hearing system of the user.
- This comparison of two audio signals allows a finer frequency analysis of the brain than if a single audio signal were produced. It is easier to determine, for example, that the right audio signal has a higher frequency than the right audio signal. left and therefore deduce that the obstacle is a little further to the right than to the left, rather than determining a distance from a frequency of a single audio signal.
- the angular and axial resolutions are obtained by the systematic comparison of the right and left renditions.
- stereo restitution can make it possible to appreciate and detect anomalies such as breaks in acoustic impedance.
- the device comprises an accelerometer, a magnetometer and a gyrometer
- an orientation relative to the vertical and magnetic north with the solid angle probed and therefore to construct a graphical representation of type C- angular space scan, that is to say a stereo tomography of the environment as a function of the solid angle probed.
- the combination of the accelerometer and the magnetometer makes it possible to define the attitude and the azimuth of the direction inspected, this in a perspective of recording the properties of the space probed particularly in echo-stereo- loudness.
- the restitution is both audio for the real time part (50 ms slices) and graphic for the reconstruction and graphic recording in polar coordinates of the azimuth scan.
- the echoes of iso-levels are represented in color or in grayscale.
- the indication of the azimuth is restored by superposition of intelligible words (North, North-East, East, South-East, South, South-West, West, North-West ) or by an angle giving the azimuth while the longitudinal attitude can also be described simply by intelligible words superimposed on the audio reproduction (top, horizontal, bottom) or by an angle in degrees, pronounced when crossing values threshold (-90 °, -45 °, -45 °, 0.45 °, 90 °) with 10 to 20 ° degrees of hysteresis.
- Steps E1 to E8 are carried out by the electronic processing unit 3.
- the electronic processing unit 3 is also connected to an external device capable of carrying out all or part of the processing carried out on the signals.
- This device is for example a smartphone, a tablet or a computer.
- Step E4 ′ is a peak or profile detection of the analog echogram from the absolute value of the analog signal.
- the profile of the analog echogram is sent to the external device, for example a smartphone, via its audio / microphone jack.
- the smartphone The following steps are performed by the smartphone.
- the step E5 ′ of analog-to-digital conversion of the positive analog signal is carried out with a lower sampling frequency, for example of 44100 Hz, than when the processing is carried out in the electronic processing unit 3.
- the method also includes the transmission of echograms or spectrograms to a remote device, such as a server associated with a database storing echograms or spectrograms.
- a remote device such as a server associated with a database storing echograms or spectrograms.
- This device compares the echograms or spectrograms with those of the database.
- Information such as spoken language developed by speech synthesis, is constructed from the comparison results and then returned to the user.
- the object detection device is activated or put on standby via a capacitive sensor or an accelerometer placed on the support 1 and connected to the electronic processing unit 3.
- the accelerometer is placed on the transducer support plate and indicates whether the user is at rest, for example if he is lying down or immobile.
- various commands can be placed by the user using the accelerometer.
- the condenser placed on the rear part of the plates supporting the transducers has lines of electrostatic field which go up to the eye located less than 2 cm so that the movement of the eyelid generates a variation in the capacitance of the condenser which can be quantified via a capacitor bridge or via a relaxation oscillator, the oscillation frequency of which directly depends on the capacitance of the capacitor.
- the device for a rear vision, that is to say to interrupt the shots of emission of ultrasonic signal when one closes the eyes and activates the shots when you open your eyes.
- the device is much more often in operation and it is preferable to replace the earphones with headphones which also provide a small hearing protection of 20 to 30 dB.
- multifrequency transducers and with several radiation patterns, at least three, corresponding to three probed regions of space, a central unit, and two peripherals, without having to build sophisticated electronics managing a phase network for orienting the ultrasonic signal beam by delay laws between the sources.
- the glasses comprise for each of the eyes a transducer both source and receiver at a given frequency, for example 23 kHz, giving a peripheral vision and a source / receiver transducer at another given frequency, for example 32.5 kHz or more, giving central vision.
- the echograms associated with each of these transducers are transformed into spectrograms, not superimposed, but translated relative to each other.
- the 32.5 kHz center frequency transducer used for central vision will occupy the 0-4000 Hz band
- the 23 kHz center frequency transducer used for peripheral vision will occupy the 4000-8000 Hz band.
- the first echogram associated with the source 32.5 kHz occupies the band 3000-4000 Hz
- the second echogram associated with the source 23 kHz occupies the band 4000-5000 Hz, by example.
- this distribution is adapted and refined according to user preferences. So by turning your head, the peripheral landscape gradually enters in the field, and the audio reproduction progressively passes from one frequency band to another. In a way, we give the brain the possibility of achieving mental focus by means of the dual frequency ecovision device.
- FIG. 5 represents a sectional view of an embodiment of a double working frequency transducer according to the present invention.
- the transducer consists of an annular metal resonator 10, for example made of thinning Duralumin in its central region.
- the annular resonator 10 has in its center a hollow cylindrical shoulder or sleeve 11.
- the annular resonator also has on its periphery a thin flange 12 which makes it possible to hold it by pinching between a support 13 comprising a parabolic antenna 14 and a flange of closure not shown.
- the transducer is thus integrated in its support with the parabolic antenna 14.
- the outer face of the cylindrical shoulder lies in the focal plane of the satellite dish.
- the thickness of the metal resonator 10 is adjusted to define the desired central resonant frequency. The thicker the resonator 10 around its periphery, the more the resonant frequency increases. It increases in proportion to the square root of the thickness of the resonator.
- Two piezoelectric ceramics 15 and 16 of annular shape are bonded on either side of the metal resonator. Their typical dimensions are 50 mm in external diameter, 20 mm in internal diameter and 0.5 mm in thickness.
- the central cylindrical shoulder 11 can vibrate either by tilting or by moving up and down along the extension of its axis of symmetry. In this case the resonance is said to be “out of plane” or “axial”.
- Axial resonance at the harmonic frequency of 32.5 kHz is generated by the uniformly polarized upper piezoelectric ring 15.
- the tilting resonance is generated by the lower piezoelectric ring 16, along an axis perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the cylindrical shoulder 11.
- the external electrode of the lower piezoelectric ring 16 is divided into two electrodes in the form of half-rings.
- One of these two half-ring electrodes is energized at a positive voltage, for example 100 V while the other is energized at a negative voltage, for example -100 V.
- the electrode on the rear face remains uniform and constitutes the mass.
- the tilting can be controlled as desired along two axes perpendicular to each other and perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the cylindrical shoulder 11, by dividing the external electrode of the lower piezoelectric ring 16 into four quadrants operating in pairs opposite by the Mountain peak. In a pair, one of the electrodes is brought to a positive potential while the other electrode is brought to a negative potential.
- the tilting of the cylindrical shoulder 11 generates an acoustic wave whose radiation diagram is in the form of 8 and is similar to a vibrating dipole. The intensity of the radiation is maximum along an axis for one dipole and along the perpendicular axis for the other dipole and zero in the respective perpendicular directions.
- a single transducer is therefore obtained having two independent ultrasonic sources in elastic regime, which can also be controlled at harmonic frequencies in particular for axial resonance.
- Each transducer according to FIG. 5 is equivalent to a group of three transducers, one emitting towards the front at a frequency F1, according to a first diagram of horizontal radiation and perpendicular to the axis defined by the ears, the second to a frequency F2 laterally and horizontally to the left for the left eye and the right for the right eye, that is to say according to a radiation diagram whose main axis is perpendicular to the previous, finally the third always at the frequency F2, vertically from top to bottom, that is to say according to a radiation diagram whose main axis is perpendicular to the previous 2.
- the last two transducers in the group of three transducers are responsible for providing a peripheral mental sound image. These six transducers, three on the right and three on the left can be excited sequentially, and share a part of the audio reproduction spectrum.
- the third spectrum corresponding to the high-low radiation pattern is juxtaposed following the second spectrum corresponding to the lateral vision which is juxtaposed following the first spectrum corresponding to the central vision.
- lateral ecovision a distinction is made between the spectrum of the left echogram which is juxtaposed with the spectrum of the right echogram.
- the central parabolic antenna does not have a hole to the right, but only to the left.
- the central parabolic antenna of the right transducer does not have a hole to the left, but only to the right.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Rehabilitation Therapy (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
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- Audiology, Speech & Language Pathology (AREA)
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- Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1856357A FR3083878B1 (fr) | 2018-07-10 | 2018-07-10 | Detection d'objet par ultrasons |
| PCT/FR2019/051702 WO2020012110A1 (fr) | 2018-07-10 | 2019-07-09 | Detection d'objet par ultrasons |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3803455A1 true EP3803455A1 (fr) | 2021-04-14 |
Family
ID=65494188
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19753143.7A Withdrawn EP3803455A1 (fr) | 2018-07-10 | 2019-07-09 | Detection d'objet par ultrasons |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12076279B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP3803455A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3083878B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2020012110A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CL2020001870A1 (es) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-09-04 | Univ Talca | Banda sensorial para la orientación de una persona con discapacidad visual |
| US11810472B2 (en) * | 2021-08-07 | 2023-11-07 | Kevin Saeyun Kim | Ultrasonic sound guide system for the visually impaired |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5107467A (en) | 1990-04-13 | 1992-04-21 | Jorson Enterprises, Inc. | Echo location system for vision-impaired persons |
| US6198395B1 (en) * | 1998-02-09 | 2001-03-06 | Gary E. Sussman | Sensor for sight impaired individuals |
| CN2500297Y (zh) | 2001-09-13 | 2002-07-17 | 潘爱武 | 盲人用超声波回声导航器 |
| US8275622B2 (en) * | 2009-02-06 | 2012-09-25 | Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc. | Ultrasonic doppler sensor for speaker recognition |
| US9508269B2 (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2016-11-29 | Echo-Sense Inc. | Remote guidance system |
| US20150228119A1 (en) * | 2014-02-11 | 2015-08-13 | Osterhout Group, Inc. | Spatial location presentation in head worn computing |
| KR101662914B1 (ko) | 2014-12-31 | 2016-10-06 | 동명대학교산학협력단 | 안경형 전방탐지장치 |
| US10591728B2 (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2020-03-17 | Mentor Acquisition One, Llc | Optical systems for head-worn computers |
| CN105997448B (zh) * | 2016-04-30 | 2019-04-26 | 中国海洋大学 | 频域投影式超声回波定位导盲仪 |
-
2018
- 2018-07-10 FR FR1856357A patent/FR3083878B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2019
- 2019-07-09 US US17/258,949 patent/US12076279B2/en active Active
- 2019-07-09 WO PCT/FR2019/051702 patent/WO2020012110A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2019-07-09 EP EP19753143.7A patent/EP3803455A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3083878A1 (fr) | 2020-01-17 |
| US20210121331A1 (en) | 2021-04-29 |
| US12076279B2 (en) | 2024-09-03 |
| WO2020012110A1 (fr) | 2020-01-16 |
| FR3083878B1 (fr) | 2021-03-12 |
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