EP3748096B1 - Bloc de construction pour une fondation - Google Patents

Bloc de construction pour une fondation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3748096B1
EP3748096B1 EP20178252.1A EP20178252A EP3748096B1 EP 3748096 B1 EP3748096 B1 EP 3748096B1 EP 20178252 A EP20178252 A EP 20178252A EP 3748096 B1 EP3748096 B1 EP 3748096B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
block
building
channel
building block
channel section
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP20178252.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3748096A1 (fr
EP3748096C0 (fr
Inventor
Christian Ole OLSEN
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Skagen Cementstoberi AS
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Skagen Cementstoberi AS
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Publication of EP3748096A1 publication Critical patent/EP3748096A1/fr
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Publication of EP3748096C0 publication Critical patent/EP3748096C0/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/39—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
    • E04C1/41—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts composed of insulating material and load-bearing concrete, stone or stone-like material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/42—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities
    • E04B2/44—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls
    • E04B2/48—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls by filling material with or without reinforcements in small channels in, or in grooves between, the elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in general to the field of constructions. More specifically, the present invention relates in a first aspect to a building block.
  • the present invention relates to a building system comprising a plurality of building blocks, wherein one or more building blocks is a building block according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the present invention provides methods for the manufacture of a building block according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the present invention relates to the use of a building block according to the first aspect of the invention or of a building system according to the second aspect of the invention as building block(s) in a structure.
  • building blocks For use in construction of a foundation of a wall, for example for a house, building blocks are known which comprise a first block, a second block and an insulation block which is being arranged between the first and the second block.
  • first block By building the foundation of a building with these building blocks, improved insulation against cold from the outside environment is attained due to the presence of the insulation block between the first and the second block.
  • more layers of building blocks may be arranged on top of each other, wherein the upper layer of building blocks comprises the referred building block in an embodiment in which the first block is having the same height as the insulation block and wherein the second block is having a lower height.
  • FIG. 20 2014 006 652 U1 Another type of building block is disclosed in DE 20 2014 006 652 U1 .
  • This document discloses a building block comprising an outer block, an inner block and an intermediate isolation block made from natural fibers.
  • the building block of this document may comprise vertical channels and horizontal channels. These channels may serve the purpose of venting air.
  • the horizontal channels may moreover accommodate horizontal tubes which are connected to a vertical tube.
  • Radon is an invisible gas having no taste or smell which occurs naturally in the underground. Radon is having a density at standard pressure and temperature of 9.73 g/l. Although radon is having a density which is greater than the density of atmospheric air (1.2 g/l), radon nevertheless has a tendency to rise from the interior of the Earth.
  • the radon level in the ground may vary geographically, depending on the composition of the ground.
  • the radon level may vary within the same municipal borders and even between two neighboring houses, due to the impact of the construction, condition and ventilation of the houses.
  • Radon is able to penetrate into a building through cracks and crevices facing soil because a lower air pressure usually is present inside a building compared to beneath a building.
  • a higher radon level will always be present in the indoor air compared to the outdoor air.
  • the higher radon level in the indoor air the higher the risk of harm to the health, such as lung cancer.
  • any reduction in radon level is beneficial.
  • the present invention in a first aspect relates to a building block wherein the building block in the orientation intended during use comprises:
  • a building system comprising a plurality of building blocks, wherein one or more building blocks each is/are a building block according to the first aspect of the invention; wherein said building system additionally comprises one or more ordinary building blocks in the sense defined in respect of the building block of the first aspect of the invention, yet without the presence of any channel.
  • the present invention provides a method for the manufacture of a building block according to the first aspect of the invention, comprising the steps of:
  • the present invention provides a method for the manufacture of a building block according to the first aspect of the invention, comprising the steps of:
  • the present invention provides a use of a building block according to the first aspect of the invention, or of a building system according to the second aspect of the invention as building block(s) in a structure.
  • the present invention in its various aspects may contribute to removal of radon in the interior of a building, hence leading to a more healthy indoor climate.
  • the present invention accordingly in a first aspect relates to a building block, wherein the building block in the orientation intended during use comprises:
  • the building block according to the first aspect of the present invention is being provided with one or more channels, the building block allows for leading radon, which has been accumulated beneath a floor in a building, from the building and out into the open.
  • the term "in the orientation intended during use" as employed in the present description and in the appended claims may be construed to mean that the building block is being arranged in such a way that its lower surface or at least a part thereof defines a horizontal plane and in such a way that the outer surfaces of the first and the second block, respectively, are oriented vertically.
  • the interior of a building as employed in the present description and in the appended claims may be construed to mean the volume which is being defined within the outer walls of the building, including the volume, which is being defined within the foundation of the building.
  • An edge may be an inside edge which accordingly defines a concave boundary between two distinct surfaces.
  • the term "concave” as employed in the present description and in the appended claims may be construed to mean that the angle between two such distinct surfaces, being separated by said edge, lies in the range of [0; 180°]. Typically, the angle between two distinct surfaces at a concave edge will be approximately 90°.
  • An edge may also be an outside edge which accordingly defines a convex boundary between two distinct surfaces.
  • convex as employed in the present description and in the appended claims may be construed to mean that the angle between two such distinct surfaces, being separated by said edge, lies in the range of [180; 360°]. Typically, the angle between two distinct surfaces at a convex edge will be approximately 270°.
  • a first interface is being defined between said insulation block and said first block, and a second interface is being defined between the insulation block and the second block, wherein the first interface and the second interface each is oriented in an XZ-plane.
  • the insulation block becomes vertically oriented, thereby implying that a thermal insulation between a building's interior and exterior environment most efficiently is provided.
  • said first block and/or said second block comprise(s) a mineral material, such as clay, cement, concrete.
  • said insulation block comprises a porous or foamed material, such a mineral wool or glass wool; or polystyrene or polyurethane.
  • one or more of the channels extend from the one distinct surface of the building block to the other distinct surface of the building block, partly or completely within the interior of the building block.
  • one or more of the channels extend from the one distinct surface of the building block to the other distinct surface of the building block partly or completely along a part of a distinct surface of the building block.
  • one or more of the channels independently extend through at least a part of the first block and/or at least through a part of the second block and/or at least through a part of the insulation block.
  • the channel or one or more of its individual channel sections extend in the first block or in the second block.
  • the channel may be advantageous to let the channel extend in the first block and/or in the second block.
  • the first block and/or the second block and/or the insulation block forms a right angled parallelepipedum.
  • box-shaped building blocks are attained which traditionally are easiest to use for constructions.
  • the building block is having such a shape that a cross-section of the building block in the XY-plane, at least a given specific height level, and preferably at any height level of the building block, defines a rectangle, or defines a trapeze-form, wherein two angles of this trapeze-form are right-angled, and wherein other two angles of this trapeze-form are not right-angled.
  • a building block which is either box-shaped or trapeze-shaped. These two embodiments are beneficial for building a foundation for a structure.
  • the extension H 1 in the height direction Z of the first block, the extension H 2 in the height direction Z of the second block and the extension H 3 in the height direction Z of the insulation block essentially are the same.
  • the extension H 1 in the height direction Z of the first block, the extension H 3 in the height direction Z of the insulation block essentially are the same; and the extension H 2 in the height direction Z of the second block is smaller than the extension H 1 in the height direction Z of the first block.
  • the extension L 1 in the longitudinal direction X of the first block, the extension L 2 in the longitudinal direction X of the second block and the extension L 3 in the longitudinal direction X of the insulation block essentially are the same.
  • the extension L 1 in the longitudinal direction X of the first block, and the extension L 2 in the longitudinal direction X of the second block essentially are the same; and wherein the extension L 3 in the longitudinal direction X of the insulation block is larger than the extensions L 1 , L 2 in the longitudinal direction X of the first block and the second block, respectively.
  • the first block is having an extension D 1 in the depth direction Y
  • the second block is having an extension D 2 in the depth direction Y
  • the insulation block is being fastened to the first block and/or to the second block with adhesive or glue; and/or the insulation block is being mechanically fastened to the first block and/or to the second block, such as with bolts or screws.
  • the first block forms a right angled parallelepipedum
  • the second block and the insulation block are L-shaped.
  • This embodiment is suitable, when the building block is for use for an inside corner.
  • the first block and the insulation block are L-shaped, and the second block forms a right angled parallelepipedum.
  • This embodiment is suitable when the building block is for use for an outside corner.
  • the building block comprises a channel which extends in the longitudinal direction X between two opposite, distinct end-surfaces of the building block.
  • the building block comprises a channel comprising two channel sections, wherein the first channel section extends in the longitudinal direction X between two opposite, distinct end-surfaces of the building block; and wherein second channel section extends in the depth direction Y from an outer, distinct surface of the second block to the first channel section in such a way that the first channel section is connected to the second channel section.
  • the building block comprises a channel comprising two channel sections, wherein the first channel section extends in the height direction Z from an outer, upper distinct surface of the building block and a portion into the interior of the building block; and wherein second channel section extends in the depth direction Y from an outer, distinct surface of the second block to the first channel section in such a way that the first channel section is connected to the second channel section.
  • the building block comprises a channel comprising two channel sections, wherein the first channel section extends in the longitudinal direction X between two opposite, distinct end-surfaces of the building block; and wherein the second channel section extends in the height direction Z from an outer, upper distinct surface of the building block and a portion into the interior of the building block in such a way that the first channel section is connected to the second channel section.
  • the building block comprises a channel comprising three channel sections, wherein the first channel section extends in the longitudinal direction X between two opposite, distinct end-surfaces of the building block; and wherein the second channel section extends in the height direction Z from an outer, upper distinct surface of the building block and a portion into the interior of the building block in such a way that the second channel section is connected to the first channel section; wherein third channel section extends in the depth direction Y from an outer, distinct surface of the second block to the first channel section in such a way that the third channel section is connected to the first channel section.
  • the first channel section is connected to the second channel section and the third channel section.
  • the building block comprises a channel which extends in the depth direction Y between two opposite surfaces.
  • the above configurations for the extension of the channel serves different purposes as to in which direction, relative to the building block, the collected radon is to be conveyed.
  • one or more of the channel sections of the channel in the building block which extend(s) along the XZ-plane solely extend in the first block, in the second block or in the insulation block.
  • this or these channel sections extend(s) in two or more of these three blocks.
  • the building block is a foundation block for a structure, such as a building block for a plinth for a structure.
  • the present invention relates in a second aspect to a building system comprising a plurality of building blocks, wherein one or more building blocks each is/are a building block according to the first aspect of the invention; wherein said building system additionally comprises one or more ordinary building blocks in the sense defined in respect of the building block of the first aspect of the invention, yet without the presence of any channel.
  • the building system comprises a number of building blocks with a through-going channel or a through-going channel section, extending between to opposite, distinct surfaces
  • two or more of these building blocks are uniformly designed so that upon arranging the building blocks following each other in a longitudinal direction it is achieved that the channel can be extended in a horizontal or vertical direction through these building blocks.
  • ordinary building block as employed in the present description and in the appended claims may accordingly be construed to mean a building block according to the first aspect of the first aspect, however with the difference that in respect of each channel and in each channel section appearing in the first block, the second block and/or the insulation block, respectively, this channel or this channel section instead comprises the material corresponding to the block in which the channel or the channel section is present.
  • the building system comprises a building block according to the first aspect of the invention, and additionally comprises a tube, wherein the outer dimension of the tube is being adapted to an opening of a channel or a channel section at an outer, upper distinct surface of the building block.
  • the tube is having a length of 75 - 650 cm, such as 100 - 600 cm, for example 150 - 550 cm, such as 200 - 500 cm, e.g. 250 - 450 cm or 300 - 400 cm.
  • the present invention provides in a third aspect a method for the manufacture of a building block according to the first aspect of the present invention comprising the steps of:
  • the present invention provides in a fourth aspect a method for the manufacture of a building block according to the first aspect of the present invention comprising the steps of:
  • the present invention relates in a fifth to a use of a building block according to the first aspect of the invention, or of a building system according to the second aspect of the invention as building block(s) in a structure.
  • the use is with the view to reduce the level of influx of radon into the interior of the building from an area below the floor of the building.
  • Fig. 1a is a perspective view showing a building block according to the prior art.
  • the building block 300 shown in Fig. 1a is disclosed in Danish utility model application DK 2011 00144 U3 .
  • the building block shown in Fig. 1a comprises a first block 302, a second block 304 and an insulation block 306, wherein the insulation block 306 is arranged between the first block 302 and the second block 304.
  • Fig. 1a the building block 300 is shown in the orientation intended during use for building a foundation for a wall. As the insulation block is being arranged between an outer block 302 and an inner block 304, an improved insulation against outside cold is attained.
  • FIG. 1a It is seen in Fig. 1a that the second block 304 is lower than the first block 302. Hereby an insulating and sturdy joint between a foundation and a cast floor is ensured. This is further illustrated in Fig. 1b .
  • Fig. 1b is a cross-sectional view of a wall/floor construction according to the prior art.
  • Fig. 1b shows the wall/floor construction 310 comprising a building block 300 as described above and having a first, outer block 302, a second block 304 and an insulation block 306 being arranged therebetween.
  • the building block 300 which forms part of a foundation is being arranged submerged into soil 316.
  • the inner block 304 is lower than the outer block 302. This enables casting a concrete floor 308 in the interior of the building with the building block 300 on top of lose, insulating gravel of expanded clay 312. On top of the floor 308 and the building block 300, respectively, a wall 300 may subsequently be constructed.
  • the present invention eliminates this problem. This is illustrated in Fig. 2a - 9 .
  • Fig. 2a is a perspective view illustrating an embodiment of a building block (which is not according to the present invention).
  • the building block 100 in Fig. 2a comprises in the orientation intended during use: a first block 2, a second block 4 as well as an insulation block 6, wherein the insulation block 6 is being arranged between the first block 2 and the second block 4.
  • the building block is having an extension in a longitudinal direction X; in a depth direction Y and in a height direction Z.
  • the building block comprises a number of distinct surfaces 8,8a,8b,8c,8d,8e,8f, which in pairs are mutually separated by an edge 10.
  • the edges 10 may be an outside edge 10a (convex) or it may be an inside edge 10b (concave).
  • the building block comprises a channel 12 which defines a passage from one distinct surface 8 to another distinct surface 8; in the actual case from the surface 8a to the surface 8f.
  • the channel 12 in the building block 100 which is shown in Fig. 2a accordingly extends from a first distinct end surface 8a to an opposite, distinct end surface 8f in a longitudinal direction and along a lower, outer surface of the insulation block 6.
  • FIG. 2b shows the embodiment of Fig. 2a in a cross-sectional view.
  • Fig. 2b additionally shows that the first block 2 essentially has the same height H 1 as the insulation block H 3 , and that the second block is having a lower height H 2 .
  • Fig. 2b moreover shows that between the insulation block 6 and the first block 2 is defined a first interface 14, and that between the insulation block 6 and the second block 4 is defined a second interface 16, wherein the first interface 14, and the second interface 16 each are lying in the XZ-plane.
  • the building block illustrated in Fig. 2a and 2b allows that radon which is collected in the channel 12 can be removed from the building block and thereby from the foundation in case a plurality of such building blocks are arranged in a way following each other.
  • Such building blocks are shown in Fig. 3 and 6 .
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a building block (which is not according to the present invention).
  • Fig. 3 shows the building block 100 comprising a channel 12 which in turn comprises two channel sections 12a,12b, wherein the first channel section 12a extends in the longitudinal direction X between two opposite, distinct end-surfaces 8 of the building block, just like shown in respect of the building block of Fig. 2a and 2b .
  • the second channel section 12b extends in the depth direction Y from an outer, distinct surface 8 of the second block 4 at an opening 20 to the first channel section 12a in such a way that the first channel section 12a is connected to the second channel section 12b.
  • the building block 100 illustrated in Fig. 3 is being uses for a foundation for a wall of a building in such a way that a concrete floor is being cast on top of the (inner) second block 4 (which is facing the interior of the building), wherein the supporting structure in the interior of the building (also referred to as the suction layer) first has been filled with lose gravel of expanded clay or other type of insulation, or additionally/alternatively is being built by means of EPS-radon board, then it can be achieved that radon, which is being present below the concrete floor, via channel section 12b will be able to flow to the channel section 12a, wherefrom it subsequently can be conveyed away from the building and away from the foundation.
  • Fig. 6 is a perspective view illustrating an embodiment of for a similar building block according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 shows that the building block 100 comprises a channel 12 which again comprises three channel section 12,12b,12c.
  • the first channel section 12a extends in the longitudinal direction X between two opposite, distinct end-surfaces 8 of the building block, as shown in respect of the building block of Fig. 2a , Fig. 2b and Fig. 3 .
  • the second channel section 12b extends in the height direction Z from an outer, upper distinct surface 8 of the building block and a portion into the interior of the building block to the first channel section 12a in such a way that the second channel section 12b is connected to the first channel section 12a.
  • the third channel section 12c extends in the depth direction Y from an outer, distinct surface 8 of the second block to the second channel section 12b in such a way that the third channel section 12c is connected to the first channel section 12a.
  • radon may be removed from the area beneath a concrete floor, which has being cast partly on top of the second block 4 of the building block, because this radon via the channel section 12c can be conveyed to the channel section 12a. From the channel section 12a the radon may be removed in a horizontal direction via the channel section 12a itself or the radon may be removed in a vertical direction via the channel section 12b.
  • FIG. 4 and 5 illustrate further alternative embodiments of the building block (according to the present invention ( fig. 4 ) and not according to the present invention ( fig. 5 )).
  • Fig. 4 accordingly is a cross-sectional view of yet another embodiment of a building block according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of a building block corresponding to the building block illustrated in Fig. 6 , however without the longitudinal channel section.
  • the building block in Fig. 4 comprises a channel comprising two channel sections 12a,12b, wherein the first channel section 12a extends in a height direction Z from an outer, upper distinct surface 8 of the building block and a portion into the interior of the building block.
  • the second channel section 12b extends in the depth direction Y from an outer distinct surface 8 of the second block 4 to the first channel section 12a in such a way that the first channel section 12a is connected to the second channel section 12b.
  • the channel 12 extends from an outer, distinct surface 8 of the second block 4 to an upper, distinct surface 8 of the insulation block 6.
  • the building block 100 illustrated in Fig. 4 allows for leading radon away from the area beneath a concrete floor which has been cast partly on top of the second block 4 of the building block 100. From the channel section 12b the radon may be removed in the vertical direction via the channel section 12a.
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing yet another alternative embodiment of a building block (which is not according to the present invention).
  • the building block 100 comprises a channel 12 which in turn comprises two channel sections 12a,12b, wherein the first channel section 12a extends in a longitudinal direction X between two opposite, distinct end surfaces 8 of the building block as illustrated in respect of the building block illustrated in Fig. 2a , 2b and 3 .
  • the second channel section 12b extends in a height direction Z from an outer, upper distinct surface 8 of the building block and a portion into the interior of the building block in such a way that the first channel section 12a is connected to the second channel section 12b.
  • the building block 100 illustrated in Fig. 5 allows that radon being present in the channel section 12a can be removed in a vertical direction via the channel section 12a, for example by conveying it out in the open.
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing yet another embodiment of a building block according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 shows that the building block comprises a channel 12 which in turn comprises three channel sections 12a,12b and 12c.
  • the first channel section 12a extends in the longitudinal direction X between two opposite, distinct end-surfaces 8 of the building block as illustrated in respect of the building block shown in Fig. 2a , 2b and 3 .
  • the second channel section 12b extends in the height direction Z from an outer, upper distinct surface 8 of the building block and a portion into the interior of the building block in such a way that the first channel section 12a is connected to the second channel section 12b.
  • the third channel section 12c extends in the depth direction Y from an outer surface 8 of the building block and into the building block to the first channel section 12a.
  • the building block 100 illustrated in Fig. 6 allows for conveying radon which is being collected beneath the concrete floor of a building, to the first channel section 12b via the third channel section 12c. From here, the radon may be removed either in a horizontal direction via the first channel section 12a, or else in a vertical direction via the second channel section 12b.
  • Fig. 7a is a cross-sectional view illustrating yet another alternative embodiment of a building block (which is not according to the present invention).
  • Fig. 7b is a cross-sectional view illustrating an alternative embodiment of the building block illustrated in fig. 7a .
  • Fig. 7a shows that the building block 100 comprises a channel 12 extending in a depth direction Y between two opposite, distinct surfaces 8 of the building block, viz. the two surfaces corresponding to an inner surface of a foundation and the opposite, outer surface.
  • channel 12 extends in the interior of the building block.
  • Fig. 7b shows an alternative embodiment of the building block of Fig. 7a , in which the channel 12 extends along the bottom of the building block, the channel thereby not being completely surrounded by the material of the building block.
  • Fig. 8a is a perspective view of an embodiment of a building block (which is not according to the present invention) which serves the purpose of forming an inner corner in a foundation.
  • the building block 100 comprises a first block 2 which makes up a right angled parallelepipedum, and wherein the second block 4 and the insulation block 6 are L-shaped.
  • the building block will be suitable for forming an inner corner in a foundation.
  • the second block 4 at the surface 8 which will face the interior of the building comprises an opening 20 to the channel 12.
  • the channel 12 leads for example through the building block to the opposite, vertical surface of the first block 2. The latter surface accordingly will face away from the interior of the finished building.
  • Fig. 8b is a perspective view illustrating an embodiment of a building block (which is not according to the present invention) which serves the purpose of forming an outer corner in a foundation.
  • the building block 100 comprises a first block 2 and an insulation block 6 which are both L-shaped. Moreover, the building block comprises a second block 4 which makes up a right angled parallelepipedum.
  • the building block will be suitable for forming an outer corner in a foundation.
  • the second block 4 at the surface 8 which will face the interior of the building comprises an opening 20 to the channel 12.
  • the channel 12 leads for example through the building block to the opposite, vertical surface of the first block 2. The latter surface accordingly faces away from the interior of the finished building.
  • Fig. 9 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a building system (which is not according to the present invention).
  • Fig. 9 shows a part of a building system which comprises the building block 100 and the tube 18.
  • the building block 100 is having a channel 12 comprising two channel sections 12a, 12b, as explained in respect of Fig. 5 .
  • a tube 18 is arranged in the opening 20 which in turn is arranged in the upper surface 8 of the building block.
  • radon which is being collected beneath the concrete floor in a house, via a building block as illustrated in Fig. 3 or 6 , can be conveyed into a longitudinal channel 12 extending in the longitudinal direction of the building block.
  • one of the building blocks, which is being arranged following another is a building block having a shape as illustrated in either Fig. 5 , 6 or 9 , one may arrange a tube 18 in the opening 20 of the channel 12 facing upward.
  • a ventilation device may be arranged, such as an air pump, which continuously will provide a suction in the channel 12 with the view to collect and remove radon from the building.
  • Such a ventilation device could also be arranged at other locations of the channel 12.
  • a more healthy inner climate can be secured in a building.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Bloc de construction (100), dans lequel ledit bloc de construction, dans l'orientation prévue pendant l'utilisation, comprend :
    - un premier bloc (2) ;
    - un second bloc (4) ;
    - un bloc isolant (6) ;
    dans lequel le bloc isolant (6) est agencé entre le premier bloc (2) et le second bloc (4) ;
    dans lequel le bloc de construction (100) comporte une extension dans une direction longitudinale X ; dans une direction de profondeur Y et dans une direction de hauteur Z ;
    dans lequel le bloc de construction (100) comprend en conséquence un certain nombre de surfaces distinctes (8, 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e, 8f), qui, par paires, sont mutuellement séparées par un bord (10, 10a, 10b) ;
    dans lequel ledit bloc de construction (100) comprend un ou plusieurs canaux (12), dans lequel un ou plusieurs de ces un ou plusieurs canaux définit/définissent un passage depuis une surface distincte (8) à une autre surface distincte (8) ;
    dans lequel ledit canal (12) comprend deux sections de canal (12a, 12b), dans lequel la première section de canal (12a) s'étend dans la direction de hauteur Z depuis une surface externe supérieure distincte (8) du bloc de construction (100) et une portion à l'intérieur du bloc de construction ; et dans lequel la deuxième section de canal (12b) s'étend dans la direction de profondeur Y depuis une surface externe distincte (8) du second bloc (4) jusqu'à la première section de canal (12a) de telle sorte que la première section de canal (12a) soit connectée à la deuxième section de canal (12b) ;
    caractérisé en ce que ledit canal (12) s'étend au moins à travers une partie du bloc isolant (6).
  2. Système de construction (200) comprenant une pluralité de blocs de construction (100, 300), dans lequel un ou plusieurs desdits blocs de construction (100) est/sont un bloc de construction (100) selon la revendication 1 ;
    dans lequel ledit système de construction (200) comprend en outre un ou plusieurs blocs de construction ordinaires (300) au sens défini pour le bloc de construction (100) selon la revendication 1, mais sans la présence d'un quelconque canal (12).
  3. Système de construction (200) selon la revendication 2, dans lequel, par rapport à un ou plusieurs desdits blocs de construction (100), ledit un ou plusieurs des canaux (12) s'étend/s'étendent indépendamment à travers au moins une partie du premier bloc (2) et/ou au moins à travers une partie du second bloc (4).
  4. Système de construction (200) selon la revendication 2 ou 3, dans lequel, par rapport à un ou plusieurs desdits blocs de construction (100), l'extension H1 dans la direction de hauteur Z du premier bloc (2), l'extension H3 dans la direction de hauteur Z du bloc isolant (6) sont essentiellement les mêmes ; et dans lequel l'extension H2 dans la direction de hauteur Z du second bloc (4) est plus petite que l'extension H1 dans la direction de hauteur Z du premier bloc (2).
  5. Système de construction (200) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4, dans lequel, par rapport à un ou plusieurs desdits blocs de construction (100), l'extension L1 dans la direction longitudinale X du premier bloc (2), et l'extension L2 dans la direction longitudinale X du second bloc (4) sont essentiellement les mêmes ; et dans lequel l'extension L3 dans la direction longitudinale X du bloc isolant (6) est plus grande que les extensions L1, L2 dans la direction longitudinale X du premier bloc (2) et du second bloc (4), respectivement.
  6. Système de construction (200) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 5, dans lequel, par rapport à un ou plusieurs desdits blocs de construction (100), le premier bloc (2) comporte une extension D1 dans la direction de profondeur Y, et dans lequel le second bloc (4) comporte une extension D2 dans la direction de profondeur Y ; et dans lequel le bloc isolant (6) comporte une extension D3 dans la direction de profondeur Y ; et dans lequel D1 = D2 = D3 ; ou dans lequel D1 < D2 = D3 ; ou dans lequel D1 = D2 < D3 ; ou dans lequel D1 < D2 < D3.
  7. Système de construction (200) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 6, dans lequel, par rapport à un ou plusieurs desdits blocs de construction (100), le bloc isolant (6) est fixé au premier bloc (2) et/ou au second bloc (4) avec de l'adhésif ou de la colle ; et/ou dans lequel le bloc isolant (6) est fixé mécaniquement au premier bloc (2) et/ou au second bloc (4), tel qu'avec des boulons ou des vis.
  8. Système de construction (200) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 7, dans lequel ledit système de construction (200) comprend en outre un ou plusieurs autres types de blocs de construction (100), dans lequel, par rapport audit autre type de bloc de construction (100), ledit autre type de bloc de construction (100) comprend un canal (12) qui s'étend dans la direction longitudinale X entre deux surfaces d'extrémité opposées et distinctes (8) du bloc de construction.
  9. Système de construction (200) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 8, dans lequel ledit système de construction (200) comprend en outre un ou plusieurs autre(s) type(s) de blocs de construction (100), dans lequel, par rapport audit autre type de bloc de construction (100), ledit autre type de bloc de construction (100) comprend un canal (12) comprenant deux sections de canal (12a, 12b), dans lequel la première section de canal (12a) s'étend dans la direction longitudinale X entre deux surfaces d'extrémité opposées, distinctes (8) du bloc de construction ; et dans lequel la deuxième section de canal (12b) s'étend dans la direction de profondeur Y depuis une surface externe distincte (8) du second bloc (4) jusqu'à la première section de canal (12a) de telle sorte que la première section de canal (12a) soit connectée à la deuxième section de canal (12b).
  10. Système de construction (200) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 9, dans lequel ledit système de construction (200) comprend en outre un ou plusieurs autre(s) type(s) de blocs de construction (100), dans lequel, par rapport audit autre type de bloc de construction (100), ledit autre type de bloc de construction (100) comprend un canal (12) comprenant deux sections de canal (12a, 12b), dans lequel la première section de canal (12a) s'étend dans la direction longitudinale X entre deux surfaces d'extrémité opposées, distinctes (8) du bloc de construction ; et dans lequel la deuxième section de canal (12b) s'étend dans la direction de hauteur Z depuis une surface externe, supérieure, distincte (8) du bloc de construction et une portion à l'intérieur du bloc de construction de telle sorte que la première section de canal (12a) soit connectée à la deuxième section de canal (12b).
  11. Système de construction (200) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 10, dans lequel ledit système de construction (200) comprend en outre un ou plusieurs autre(s) type(s) de blocs de construction (100), dans lequel, par rapport audit autre type de bloc de construction (100), ledit autre type de bloc de construction (100) comprend un canal comprenant trois sections de canal (12a, 12b, 12c), dans lequel la première section de canal (12a) s'étend dans la direction longitudinale X entre deux surfaces d'extrémité opposées, distinctes (8) du bloc de construction ; et dans lequel la deuxième section de canal (12b) s'étend dans la direction de hauteur Z depuis une surface externe, supérieure, distincte (8) du bloc de construction et une portion à l'intérieur du bloc de construction de telle sorte que la deuxième section de canal (12b) soit connectée à la première section de canal (12a) ; dans lequel la troisième section de canal (12c) s'étend dans la direction de profondeur Y depuis une surface externe distincte (8) du second bloc jusqu'à la première section de canal (12a) de telle sorte que la troisième section de canal (12c) soit connectée à la première section de canal (12a).
  12. Procédé de fabrication d'un bloc de construction (100) selon la revendication 1, comprenant les étapes de :
    a) fourniture d'un premier bloc (2), d'un second bloc (4) et d'un bloc isolant (6) dans les dimensions souhaitées de telle sorte que le bloc de construction, lors de l'assemblage, définisse le canal (12) ;
    b) assemblage du premier bloc (2), du second bloc (4) et du bloc isolant (6) de telle sorte que le bloc isolant (6) soit agencé entre le premier bloc (2) et le second bloc (4) ; dans lequel l'assemblage est réalisé à l'aide de colle ou d'adhésif, ou via des moyens de fixation mécaniques, tels que sous forme de boulons ou de vis ;
    c) attente que la colle ou l'adhésif durcisse, en cas d'utilisation de colle ou d'adhésif.
  13. Procédé de fabrication d'un bloc de construction (100) selon la revendication 1, comprenant les étapes de :
    a) fourniture d'un premier bloc (2), d'un second bloc (4) et d'un bloc isolant (6) dans les dimensions souhaitées ;
    b) assemblage du premier bloc (2), du second bloc (4) et du bloc isolant (6) de telle sorte que le bloc isolant (6) soit agencé entre le premier bloc (2) et le second bloc (4) ; dans lequel l'assemblage est réalisé à l'aide de colle ou d'adhésif, ou via des moyens de fixation mécaniques, tels que sous forme de boulons ou de vis ;
    c) attente que la colle ou l'adhésif durcisse, en cas d'utilisation de colle ou d'adhésif ;
    d) formation du canal (12) dans le bloc de construction, par ex. par perçage et/ou par fraisage du matériau.
  14. Utilisation d'un bloc de construction (100) selon la revendication 1 ou système de construction (200) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 11 en tant que bloc(s) de construction dans une structure.
  15. Utilisation selon la revendication 14 pour réduire le niveau d'afflux de radon à l'intérieur d'un bâtiment depuis une zone située au-dessous du plancher dudit bâtiment.
EP20178252.1A 2019-06-07 2020-06-04 Bloc de construction pour une fondation Active EP3748096B1 (fr)

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DKPA201900693A DK180381B1 (da) 2019-06-07 2019-06-07 Byggeblok til et fundament

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114439148A (zh) * 2022-02-21 2022-05-06 重庆市荣昌区荣信建材有限公司 保温免抹粉原材料配方砖

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1441142A (en) * 1973-03-19 1976-06-30 Wilson R Building blocks
DE7537653U (de) * 1974-11-29 1976-04-15 Moritz, Jean-Pierre, Molsheim, Soultz-Les-Bains (Frankreich) Vorgefertigter, blockartiger mauerstein
BE1003295A6 (nl) * 1990-01-10 1992-02-18 Grave Daniel De Bouwelement.
DK201100144Y6 (da) 2011-09-26 2020-01-22 Skagen Cementstøberi A/S Byggeblok
DE202014006652U1 (de) * 2014-08-13 2014-09-26 Abdulrahman Mohammed Altuwayjiri Baumaterialblock und Anordnung von Baumaterialblöcken

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DK201900051U3 (da) 2020-09-10
EP3748096A1 (fr) 2020-12-09
EP3748096C0 (fr) 2024-03-27
DK201900693A1 (da) 2021-02-18

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