EP3742464A1 - Hochstromkontaktsystem - Google Patents

Hochstromkontaktsystem Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3742464A1
EP3742464A1 EP19175912.5A EP19175912A EP3742464A1 EP 3742464 A1 EP3742464 A1 EP 3742464A1 EP 19175912 A EP19175912 A EP 19175912A EP 3742464 A1 EP3742464 A1 EP 3742464A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
conductor sections
current
contact member
elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19175912.5A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Sebastian Breisch
Arda Tueysuez
Ondrej FRANTISEK
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
ABB Schweiz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Schweiz AG filed Critical ABB Schweiz AG
Priority to EP19175912.5A priority Critical patent/EP3742464A1/de
Publication of EP3742464A1 publication Critical patent/EP3742464A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/664Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
    • H01H33/6643Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings having disc-shaped contacts subdivided in petal-like segments, e.g. by helical grooves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high-current contact system and to the use of such a high-current contact system in a switch in a switchgear system.
  • the Holm force may lead to a contact separation and arc formation between the contact points, which in turn may weld the contact points together or may lead to a removal of the material at the area of the contact points.
  • these forces are typically compensated by spring arrangements or the like, which press the contact points against each other. With medium or higher currents, these forces can no longer be compensated by spring arrangements alone and further measures are necessary to avoid such a contact separation.
  • mechanical blocking means are typically used to prevent such a contact separation of the contact points.
  • a mechanical blocking may not be possible in monostable devices that are required to have one position at rest. Therefore, it is found that a further need exists to provide a switch for high-currents comprising an alternative solution for avoiding contact separation.
  • a high-current contact system comprising: a first contact member having N first contact elements; a second contact member having N second contact elements, wherein in a closed state of the contact system, the N first contact elements and the N second contact elements are configured to form N contact points; the first contact member having M first conductor sections and the second contact member having M second conductor sections, wherein in a closed state of the contact system, the M first conductor sections and the M second conductor sections are configured to form M pairs of adjacent (overlapping) conductor sections in which the current is conducted in the same direction.
  • the present invention relates to a high-current contact system and to the use of such a high-current contact system in a switch in a switchgear system.
  • the Holm force may lead to a contact separation and arc formation between the contact points, which in turn may weld the contact points together or may lead to a removal of the material at the area of the contact points.
  • these forces are typically compensated by spring arrangements or the like, which press the contact points against each other. With medium or higher currents, these forces can no longer be compensated by spring arrangements alone and further measures are necessary to avoid such a contact separation.
  • mechanical blocking means are typically used to prevent such a contact separation of the contact points.
  • a mechanical blocking may not be possible in monostable devices that are required to have one position at rest. Therefore, it is found that a further need exists to provide a switch for high-currents comprising an alternative solution for avoiding contact separation.
  • a high-current contact system comprising: a first contact member having N first contact elements; a second contact member having N second contact elements, wherein in a closed state of the contact system, the N first contact elements and the N second contact elements are configured to form N contact points; the first contact member having M first conductor sections and the second contact member having M second conductor sections, wherein in a closed state of the contact system, the M first conductor sections and the M second conductor sections are configured to form M pairs of adjacent (overlapping) conductor sections in which the current is conducted in the same direction.
  • contact member is to be understood broadly and includes any member that is suitable for opening or closing a circuit with a corresponding contact element.
  • contact element is also broadly understood and includes any element arranged to provide a contact point, i.e. a current path between the first contact member and the second contact member, with a corresponding contact element in a closed state of the switch.
  • the contact elements can be provided by a corresponding geometry of the contact member, for example a protrusion, or by a structure arranged onto the contact member, such as a contact pad or the like. Notably, in this respect it is also possible that two or more contact points are provided at one corresponding geometry of a contact member.
  • Adjacent conductor sections are conductor sections that are designed to provide a Lorentz force due to the currents flowing in the same direction.
  • the Lorentz force is also dependent on the angle between the M conductor sections forming the M pairs of adjacent conductor sections, wherein the Lorentz force is maximum, if the conductor sections are parallel.
  • the M pairs of adjacent conductor sections are arranged in parallel forming M pairs of adjacent and parallel conductor sections.
  • the present invention is not limited to a strict parallel arrangement of the M pairs of adjacent conductor sections, but includes also non-parallel arrangements of the M pairs of adjacent conductor sections. It is only important that a Lorentz force can be provided which can either be used to fully compensate the Holm force or at least to partially compensate the Holm force in such a way that complex mechanical blocking means are at least no longer absolutely necessary.
  • N is greater than or equal to 2, wherein N is preferably 3. This makes it possible to divide the (total) current between several contact points and thus to reduce the Holm force at one contact point accordingly.
  • the Holm force increases or decreases with the square of the current, i.e. by dividing the (total) current, the maximum Holm force occurring at one contact point could be significantly reduced.
  • one contact member comprises three contact elements, so that three contact points are provided, through which about one third of the (total) current is conducted.
  • M is greater than or equal to 2, wherein M is preferably 3, and wherein M is preferably equal to N.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to divide the (total) Lorentz force so that the corresponding conductor sections do not have to be designed for the maximum (total) Lorentz force. It is in particular preferred that each of the M pairs of adjacent conductor sections is assigned to a corresponding N contact point. In this preferred design, the "reduced" Holm forces can thus be compensated or reduced by respectively assigned and also "reduced” Lorentz forces.
  • the N contact points and the M pairs of adjacent conductor sections are evenly distributed around a longitudinal axis of the contact members.
  • the occurring forces can also be evenly distributed on the contact member.
  • the N contact points and the M pairs of adjacent conductor sections are evenly distributed in a plane around the longitudinal axis of the contact member.
  • the N contact elements and the M conductor sections are provided on arm elements, which are evenly distributed around a longitudinal axis of the contact members.
  • An arm element is an area that has a certain amount of elasticity, for example provided by a "free cut", so that it can be bent elastically relative to the longitudinal axis of the contact member.
  • the elasticity is preferably provided in such a way that the arm element can absorb the bending moments caused by the forces acting on it.
  • the length of the M pairs of adjacent conductor sections is selected such that the attraction force due to the Lorentz force is greater or equal to the repulsion force of the N contact points due to the Holm force.
  • the length of the M pairs of adjacent conductor sections is selected in such a way that the Lorentz forces completely compensate for the occurring Holm forces and, if needed, to provide an additional contact force to press the N contact elements together.
  • additional spring means and/or mechanical blocking means can therefore in principle be completely omitted.
  • the use of such spring means is preferred for providing an initial contact force for the contact members to ensure a low contact resistance, particularly also in case low currents are flowing. In practice, the use of such spring means can be minimized, and mechanical blocking can be completely omitted.
  • first and second contact member are identical.
  • the advantage of identical contact member designs is that both contact members can be produced using a single production process.
  • both contact members have the same design, the assembly of a switch according to the invention is simplified to such an extent that no distinction between the contact members has to be made here either.
  • the contact system is configured to conduct nominal currents greater than 100 A, preferably about 4000 A.
  • the total contact area of the N contact points being between 200 mm 2 and 600 mm 2 , preferably between 300 mm 2 and 500 mm 2 and particularly preferably 400 mm 2 .
  • the contact member in a direction along a longitudinal axis of the contact member, has a circular shape, wherein the N contact elements and the M conductor sections being evenly distributed on the circumference of the circle.
  • the diameter of the circle being between 40 mm and 150 mm, preferably between 60 mm and 130 mm and particularly preferably between 70 mm and 110 mm.
  • the circular design of the contact member and the even arrangement of the N contact elements and M conductor sections on the circumference of the circle provide a comparatively compact and particularly preferred design of such a contact member.
  • the N contact elements and the M conductor sections can be arranged on elastic arm elements in a particularly advantageous way, as such a design allows corresponding undercuts to be made in a straightforward manner.
  • the contact member in a direction along a longitudinal axis of the contact member, has a uniform triangular shape, wherein the N contact elements and the M conductor sections being evenly distributed with respect to the circumcircle of the triangle.
  • the circumcircle of the uniform triangle being between 50 mm and 160 mm, preferably between 70 mm and 140 mm and particularly preferably between 80 mm and 120 mm.
  • the triangular shape of the contact member can also provide a comparatively compact structure with the preferred elastic arm elements.
  • the present invention also relates to the use of a high-current contact system in a switch as explained above in a switchgear system of an industrial plant or a power generation plant, such as a renewable power generation plant.
  • Figures 1 to 5 show a first preferred embodiment of a contact system 100 according to the invention comprising two identical contact members 110, 120.
  • a contact member 110, 120 comprises a support section 111, with which the contact member 110, 120 can be connected to a circuit, e.g. in a switchgear system of an industrial plant.
  • the support section 111 is in the preferred embodiment rod-shaped, whereby the longitudinal axis of the contact member 110, 120 and of the contact system 100 also extends along support section 111 (cf. figure 4 ).
  • the contact member 110, 120 viewed in one direction along the longitudinal axis, has a substantially circular circumference.
  • a contact member 110, 120 comprises three arm elements 112, each of which is perpendicular to the support section 111.
  • a contact element 113 is provided at the end of a conductor section 114, i.e. in this preferred embodiment, N and M are equal to 3.
  • the contact elements 113 are provided as contact pads.
  • the contact elements 113 and the conductor sections 114 are arranged at the circumference of the circular circumference seen in a direction of the longitudinal axis.
  • the contact members 110, 120 can be brought into contact with each other in such a way that corresponding contact elements 113 form contact points 115, so that a current can be conducted from one contact member 110 to the other contact member 120.
  • the conductor sections 114 are arranged adjacent to and parallel to one another at least in partial overlapping areas 116, so that in these overlapping areas 116 the currents are conducted parallel in the same direction when a current is conducted from one contact member 110 to the other contact member 120.
  • the current flow through the contact members 110, 120 is illustrated in figure 3 by the arrows.
  • the current enters the lower arranged contact member 110, indicated by means of the black arrows, and enters via the contact points 115, the upper arranged contact member 120, wherein in the overlapping areas 116, where the current is conducted in parallel and in the same direction, indicated by means of the shaded arrows, a Lorentz force component can be produced which presses the contact elements 113 against each other and which compensates for the Holm force occurring at the respective contact points 115 or provides a contact force exceeding this.
  • the current exits the upper arranged contact member 112, indicated by means of the white arrows.
  • the elastic design of the arm elements 112 is shown, in which it is shown that the arm elements 112 can be bent upwards or downwards in order to mechanically absorb the corresponding Lorenz or Holm forces. Moreover, by means of the elastic design of the arm elements 112, also a self-aligning effect is provided, in case of an initial misalignment of the contact members 110, 120, e.g. in case only one current path through one pair of contact elements 113 is provided.
  • the separation force at this contact point is such high that the contact members 110, 120 will be separated, but by means of the elastic design of the arm elements 112, during the separation, they will align to an aligned arrangement, i.e. to an arrangement where all of the contact elements 113 are contacted.
  • the current enters the upper arranged contact member 120, passes its arm elements 112 and enters the lower arranged contact member 110, also passing its arm elements 112, wherein the shaded arrows indicate how the current is at least partially led parallel and in the same direction.
  • Figure 5 shows examples of the Lorenz and Holm forces that might occur, wherein in figure 5 only one of the two contact members 110, 120 is shown for reasons of clarity.
  • a nominal current of 4000 A and a short-circuit current of 100 kA were passed through contact system 100.
  • the arm elements 112 have a cross-section of 15 ⁇ 10 mm and the contact areas 115 each have 150 mm 2 .
  • a Holm force of 1333 N and an opposing Lorentz force of 4363 N occur at each of the arm elements 112.
  • Figures 6 to 8 show a second preferred embodiment of a switch 200 according to the invention, which also comprises two identical contact members 210, 220.
  • the second preferred embodiment of the switch 200 differs from the first preferred embodiment of the switch 100 particularly in that the contact elements 210, 220 are triangularly shaped in one direction along a longitudinal axis of the contact members 210, 220, which in turn corresponds to the extent of a support section 211.
  • the contact members 210, 220 each have three contact elements 213, which form contact points 215 in a connected state of the two contact members 210, 220, and conductor sections 214, which can form overlapping areas 216, in which the current is conducted in parallel and in the same direction, so that a corresponding Lorenz force can be generated in each of these overlapping areas 216.
  • the contact elements 213 and the conductor sections 214 are in turn provided on arm elements 212. However, in this embodiment not on a circumference, but on the sides of a regular triangle.
  • the current enters the lower arranged contact member 210, indicated by means of the black arrows, passes its arm elements 214 and enters via the contact points 215, the upper arranged contact member 220, also passing its arm elements 213, wherein in the overlapping areas 216, where the current is conducted in parallel and in the same direction, indicated by means of the shaded arrows, a Lorentz force component can be produced which presses the contact elements 213 against each other and which compensates for the Holm force occurring at the respective contact points 215 or provides a contact force exceeding this.
  • the current exits the upper arranged contact member 212, indicated by means of the white arrows.
  • Figure 8 shows examples of the Lorenz and Holm forces that might occur in this second preferred embodiment, wherein in figure 8 only one of the two contact members 210, 220 is shown for reasons of clarity.
  • a nominal current of 4000 A and a short-circuit current of 100 kA were passed through switch 200.
  • the arm elements 212 have a cross-section of 15 ⁇ 10 mm and the contact areas 215 each have 150 mm 2 .
  • a Holm force of 1304 N and an opposing Lorentz force of 1957 N occur at each of the arm elements 212.

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EP19175912.5A 2019-05-22 2019-05-22 Hochstromkontaktsystem Withdrawn EP3742464A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19175912.5A EP3742464A1 (de) 2019-05-22 2019-05-22 Hochstromkontaktsystem

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19175912.5A EP3742464A1 (de) 2019-05-22 2019-05-22 Hochstromkontaktsystem

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3742464A1 true EP3742464A1 (de) 2020-11-25

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EP19175912.5A Withdrawn EP3742464A1 (de) 2019-05-22 2019-05-22 Hochstromkontaktsystem

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EP (1) EP3742464A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20210350989A1 (en) * 2020-05-11 2021-11-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Electromagnetic drive for a power circuit-breaker with a vacuum interrupter
EP4177918A1 (de) * 2021-11-03 2023-05-10 TE Connectivity Germany GmbH Systeme zum schalten von kontakten mit selbstkompensation der holm-abstossung und schaltvorrichtungen damit

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3869589A (en) * 1972-05-03 1975-03-04 Westinghouse Electric Corp Vacuum interrupter including contacts having improved weld break characteristics
DE3146793A1 (de) * 1981-11-23 1982-09-09 Ernst Prof. Dr.techn.habil. 1000 Berlin Slamecka "schaltstueckanordnung fuer vakuumschalter"
DE4013903A1 (de) * 1990-04-25 1990-11-22 Slamecka Ernst Magnetfeld-kontaktanordnung fuer vakuumschalter
EP0788126A1 (de) 1996-02-02 1997-08-06 ABB Research Ltd. Hochspannungsschalter

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3869589A (en) * 1972-05-03 1975-03-04 Westinghouse Electric Corp Vacuum interrupter including contacts having improved weld break characteristics
DE3146793A1 (de) * 1981-11-23 1982-09-09 Ernst Prof. Dr.techn.habil. 1000 Berlin Slamecka "schaltstueckanordnung fuer vakuumschalter"
DE4013903A1 (de) * 1990-04-25 1990-11-22 Slamecka Ernst Magnetfeld-kontaktanordnung fuer vakuumschalter
EP0788126A1 (de) 1996-02-02 1997-08-06 ABB Research Ltd. Hochspannungsschalter

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20210350989A1 (en) * 2020-05-11 2021-11-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Electromagnetic drive for a power circuit-breaker with a vacuum interrupter
EP4177918A1 (de) * 2021-11-03 2023-05-10 TE Connectivity Germany GmbH Systeme zum schalten von kontakten mit selbstkompensation der holm-abstossung und schaltvorrichtungen damit
EP4177916A1 (de) * 2021-11-03 2023-05-10 Tyco Electronics Componentes Electromecânicos Lda System von schaltkontakten mit kompensation der holmabstossung und schaltvorrichtung damit

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