EP3727675A1 - Scale collection device for downflow reactors - Google Patents

Scale collection device for downflow reactors

Info

Publication number
EP3727675A1
EP3727675A1 EP18891437.8A EP18891437A EP3727675A1 EP 3727675 A1 EP3727675 A1 EP 3727675A1 EP 18891437 A EP18891437 A EP 18891437A EP 3727675 A1 EP3727675 A1 EP 3727675A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reactor
distribution tray
liquid distribution
rough
filtering zone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP18891437.8A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3727675B8 (en
EP3727675A4 (en
EP3727675B1 (en
Inventor
Zhanping Xu
Steven J. LESNIAK
JR. Robert L. BUNTING
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Honeywell UOP LLC
Original Assignee
UOP LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by UOP LLC filed Critical UOP LLC
Publication of EP3727675A1 publication Critical patent/EP3727675A1/en
Publication of EP3727675A4 publication Critical patent/EP3727675A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3727675B1 publication Critical patent/EP3727675B1/en
Publication of EP3727675B8 publication Critical patent/EP3727675B8/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
    • B01D24/02—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed stationary during the filtration
    • B01D24/10—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed stationary during the filtration the filtering material being held in a closed container
    • B01D24/18—Combined upward and downward filtration
    • B01D24/183—Combined upward and downward filtration the filtering material being supported by pervious surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/008—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material; Processes to increase or to retard the rate of reaction
    • B01J8/0085—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material; Processes to increase or to retard the rate of reaction promoting uninterrupted fluid flow, e.g. by filtering out particles in front of the catalyst layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/0039—Settling tanks provided with contact surfaces, e.g. baffles, particles
    • B01D21/0042—Baffles or guide plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/0039—Settling tanks provided with contact surfaces, e.g. baffles, particles
    • B01D21/0045—Plurality of essentially parallel plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/005—Separating solid material from the gas/liquid stream
    • B01J8/007—Separating solid material from the gas/liquid stream by sedimentation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/008—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material; Processes to increase or to retard the rate of reaction
    • B01J8/009—Membranes, e.g. feeding or removing reactants or products to or from the catalyst bed through a membrane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/0242—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid flow within the bed being predominantly vertical
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/0242—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid flow within the bed being predominantly vertical
    • B01J8/0257—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid flow within the bed being predominantly vertical in a cylindrical annular shaped bed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/0278—Feeding reactive fluids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
    • B01D19/0068—General arrangements, e.g. flowsheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00796—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00796—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material
    • B01J2208/00938—Flow distribution elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for improved operation of downflow reactors. More particularly, the invention involves a scale collection device that is located within downflow reactor head for removing solids from feed streams to increase reactor operating cycle time without impact on effective reactor space for catalyst loading.
  • this layer may be 6 to 36 inches thick and reduces the space available for the catalyst to take up.
  • the filtering material has to be removed and replaced within an operating cycle when solids accumulates within the layer of filtering material or between the filtering material and catalyst bed causing high pressure drop.
  • the invention involves a reactor comprising an upper portion and a lower portion wherein the upper portion contains a scale collection device.
  • a filtering zone is located above a rough liquid distribution tray and wherein a vapor-liquid distribution tray is located below said rough liquid distribution tray and wherein the lower portion contains a catalyst bed.
  • the filtering zone may comprise a single layer or multiple layers of filtering materials having the same or different physical and chemical properties.
  • the filtering zone contains porous ceramic pellets or other materials that achieve a similar function.
  • the filtering zone may be spaced above the rough liquid distribution tray by a plurality of spacers.
  • FIG.l shows the upper portion of a reactor showing filtering material located above the distribution trays.
  • a scale collection device is located within an upper portion of a downflow reactor or reactor head for removing solids from feed streams and to increase reactor operating cycle time without any impact on the amount of effective reactor space for catalyst loading. This is achieved by a specially designed scale collection device located within a reactor head. As shown in FIG. l, the scale collection device is constructed with a cylindrical side wall and a grating at bottom spaced a small distance above a rough liquid distribution tray (RLDT).
  • RLDT rough liquid distribution tray
  • a filtering material fills the space above grating and inside the cylindrical side wall.
  • the top of cylindrical side wall is extended up to reactor top head and part of the side wall at top has openings such as slots, notches or holes for gas bypassing majority of the filtering material.
  • a clearance is left between the top of the cylindrical wall and the reactor top head for gas bypassing the filtering material.
  • Gas and liquid enter into the reactor through an inlet distributor.
  • the inlet flow stream may be straightened vertically downwards by an orifice plate at top of the distributor.
  • the liquid is distributed across the top of the filtering material. Gas is separated from liquid in the space between the inlet distributor and top of the filtering material.
  • the liquid flows downward through the filtering material while the gas through an annular area between the cylindrical side wall and reactor head. With gas bypassing the filtering material, the pressure drop will not increase even with the filtering material filled with solids.
  • the reactor cycle time can be increased by the additional filter bed within top reactor head or catalyst loading increased by reducing the filter material on top of the catalyst bed. Liquid should be distributed uniformly across top of the filter bed to maximize its solid removal capability.
  • the liquid out of the scale collection device is redistributed by the rough liquid distribution tray below. Gas and liquid are then distributed through a vapor-liquid distribution tray in fluid communication with the rough liquid distribution tray to the catalyst bed.
  • the rough distribution tray includes an upper liquid retention baffle.
  • an outer reactor shell having a rounded upper portion.
  • the lower portion of reactor 10 contains a catalyst bed 26.
  • a filtering zone 16 is shown on top of grating 14.
  • the grating is supported by several supports or spacers 28 and is located a small distance above rough liquid distribution tray 22 that has a series of openings. Sections of the grating are placed within the cylindrical side wall 18 for supporting filtering material in filtering zone 16.
  • the cylindrical side wall 18 is attached to a rough liquid distribution tray 22 liquid retention baffle.
  • the cylindrical side wall 18 can also be the extension of the rough liquid distribution tray 22 liquid retention baffle so that the cylindrical wall 18 and the rough liquid distribution tray 22 liquid retention baffle are combined into a single cylindrical wall to retain liquid on the rough liquid distribution tray 22 and the filtering material in the filtering zone 16.
  • the cylindrical side wall can be extended up to the reactor head 12 with openings such as holes or slots at top for vapor to pass through the annular zone between the top of the cylindrical side wall and the reactor head.
  • the openings on the cylindrical side wall are sized for retaining filtering materials within the wall.
  • the top of the filtering zone 16 contains filtering materials is below top of the cylindrical side wall.
  • the grating is mostly open (over 50%) for liquid to flow through to the rough liquid distribution tray.
  • Liquid overflow pipes may be attached to the support grating 14 extending up through the filtering zone 16 for liquid overflow in case the filter zone 16 is plugged and liquid cannot flow through.
  • the top of the overflow pipes should be lower than top of cylindrical side wall so that liquid can only overflow through the pipes, not the top of cylindrical wall, and the overflow liquid can be redistributed by the rough liquid distribution tray before passing down to the vapor-liquid distribution tray 24.
  • the filtering zone is designed so that the supports of the grating provide minimal resistance to radial liquid flow on rough liquid distribution tray so that liquid can be re-distributed across the tray.
  • the filter material used in the filtering zone may comprise pellets, sheets or other configuration of a porous material as known in the art.
  • Preferred materials for the filtering zone are ceramic pellets which have a high internal porosity, such as the products available from Crystaphase Technologies, Inc., located in Houston, Texas USA.
  • Other filtering materials may be used, for example, membrane filters, sand filters, and other similar filter materials.
  • the filtering zone contains one or multiple layers of filter materials with the same or different physical and chemical properties.
  • the grating, upon which the porous material is supported has openings that are smaller than the size of the porous material pellets or other configuration.
  • a first embodiment of the invention is an apparatus comprising an upper portion and a lower portion wherein the upper portion contains a scale collection device wherein a filtering zone is located above a rough liquid distribution tray and wherein a vapor-liquid distribution tray is located below the rough liquid distribution tray, wherein the upper portion comprises a cylindrical side wall which is coupled to the rough liquid distribution tray.
  • An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the cylindrical side wall extended up to reactor top head.
  • An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the top of the cylindrical side wall contains holes or slots or cuts.
  • An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the lower portion contains a catalyst bed.
  • An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the lower portion contains a medium.
  • An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the lower portion contains a packing.
  • An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the filtering zone comprises one layer of filtering material having the same physical and chemical properties.
  • An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the filtering zone comprises multiple layers of filtering material having different physical and chemical properties.
  • An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the filtering zone comprises porous ceramic pellets.
  • An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the filtering zone is spaced above the rough liquid distribution tray by a plurality of spacers.
  • An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the spacers are coupled to the rough liquid distribution tray.
  • An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the filtering zone comprises a plurality of liquid overflow chimneys.
  • An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the top of overflow chimneys contain slots, wherein the slots may be V-shaped.
  • An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the top of overflow chimneys contain cuts.
  • An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the overflow chimneys contain holes.
  • An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the overflow chimneys may contain caps.
  • An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the rough liquid distribution tray contains holes sized to generate the desired liquid level on the rough liquid distribution tray.
  • a second embodiment of the invention is an apparatus comprising an upper portion and a lower portion wherein the upper portion contains a scale collection device wherein a filtering zone is located above a rough liquid distribution tray and wherein a vapor- liquid distribution tray is located below the rough liquid distribution tray, wherein the upper portion comprises a cylindrical side wall which is coupled to the rough liquid distribution tray.
  • An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the second embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the top of liquid overflow chimneys contain slots, wherein the slots may be V-shaped.
  • An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the second embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the top of liquid overflow chimneys contain cuts.
  • An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the second embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the overflow chimneys contain holes.
  • An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the second embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the overflow chimneys may contain caps.
  • An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the second embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the rough liquid distribution tray contains holes sized to generate the desired liquid level on the rough liquid distribution tray.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention involves a scale collection device that is located within downflow reactor head for removing solids from feed streams to increase reactor operating cycle time without impact on effective reactor space for catalyst loading. More particularly, a filtering zone is located in an upper portion of a reactor vessel above a rough liquid distribution tray and a distribution tray.

Description

SCALE COLLECTION DEVICE FOR DOWNFLOW REACTORS
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The invention relates to a device for improved operation of downflow reactors. More particularly, the invention involves a scale collection device that is located within downflow reactor head for removing solids from feed streams to increase reactor operating cycle time without impact on effective reactor space for catalyst loading.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] In downflow reactors, such as downflow reactors, a layer of filtering material is often placed on top of the first catalyst bed to catch particles such as fines and scales.
Typically, this layer may be 6 to 36 inches thick and reduces the space available for the catalyst to take up. In addition, the filtering material has to be removed and replaced within an operating cycle when solids accumulates within the layer of filtering material or between the filtering material and catalyst bed causing high pressure drop.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0003] The invention involves a reactor comprising an upper portion and a lower portion wherein the upper portion contains a scale collection device. A filtering zone is located above a rough liquid distribution tray and wherein a vapor-liquid distribution tray is located below said rough liquid distribution tray and wherein the lower portion contains a catalyst bed. The filtering zone may comprise a single layer or multiple layers of filtering materials having the same or different physical and chemical properties. The filtering zone contains porous ceramic pellets or other materials that achieve a similar function. The filtering zone may be spaced above the rough liquid distribution tray by a plurality of spacers.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
[0004] FIG.l shows the upper portion of a reactor showing filtering material located above the distribution trays. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0005] It has now been found that a different arrangement is preferred to filter particles from a feed stream in a downflow reactor. In addition to having a layer of filtering material on top of the catalyst, it has been found advantageous to include a layer of filtering material in the upper portion of the reactor above the distribution trays. More particularly, a scale collection device is located within an upper portion of a downflow reactor or reactor head for removing solids from feed streams and to increase reactor operating cycle time without any impact on the amount of effective reactor space for catalyst loading. This is achieved by a specially designed scale collection device located within a reactor head. As shown in FIG. l, the scale collection device is constructed with a cylindrical side wall and a grating at bottom spaced a small distance above a rough liquid distribution tray (RLDT). A filtering material fills the space above grating and inside the cylindrical side wall. The top of cylindrical side wall is extended up to reactor top head and part of the side wall at top has openings such as slots, notches or holes for gas bypassing majority of the filtering material. Alternatively, a clearance is left between the top of the cylindrical wall and the reactor top head for gas bypassing the filtering material. There may be a hold-down grid at top of the filtering material to keep it from moving around.
[0006] Gas and liquid enter into the reactor through an inlet distributor. The inlet flow stream may be straightened vertically downwards by an orifice plate at top of the distributor. The liquid is distributed across the top of the filtering material. Gas is separated from liquid in the space between the inlet distributor and top of the filtering material. The liquid flows downward through the filtering material while the gas through an annular area between the cylindrical side wall and reactor head. With gas bypassing the filtering material, the pressure drop will not increase even with the filtering material filled with solids.
[0007] With this design, the reactor cycle time can be increased by the additional filter bed within top reactor head or catalyst loading increased by reducing the filter material on top of the catalyst bed. Liquid should be distributed uniformly across top of the filter bed to maximize its solid removal capability.
[0008] The liquid out of the scale collection device is redistributed by the rough liquid distribution tray below. Gas and liquid are then distributed through a vapor-liquid distribution tray in fluid communication with the rough liquid distribution tray to the catalyst bed.
[0009] The rough distribution tray includes an upper liquid retention baffle. [0010] As shown in FIG. l, according to one or more embodiments of the present invention, in order to remove the solid scales and fines in a liquid stream from within reactor 10 is shown an outer reactor shell having a rounded upper portion. The lower portion of reactor 10 contains a catalyst bed 26. A filtering zone 16 is shown on top of grating 14. The grating is supported by several supports or spacers 28 and is located a small distance above rough liquid distribution tray 22 that has a series of openings. Sections of the grating are placed within the cylindrical side wall 18 for supporting filtering material in filtering zone 16. The cylindrical side wall 18 is attached to a rough liquid distribution tray 22 liquid retention baffle. The cylindrical side wall 18 can also be the extension of the rough liquid distribution tray 22 liquid retention baffle so that the cylindrical wall 18 and the rough liquid distribution tray 22 liquid retention baffle are combined into a single cylindrical wall to retain liquid on the rough liquid distribution tray 22 and the filtering material in the filtering zone 16. The cylindrical side wall can be extended up to the reactor head 12 with openings such as holes or slots at top for vapor to pass through the annular zone between the top of the cylindrical side wall and the reactor head. The openings on the cylindrical side wall are sized for retaining filtering materials within the wall. The top of the filtering zone 16 contains filtering materials is below top of the cylindrical side wall. The grating is mostly open (over 50%) for liquid to flow through to the rough liquid distribution tray. Liquid overflow pipes may be attached to the support grating 14 extending up through the filtering zone 16 for liquid overflow in case the filter zone 16 is plugged and liquid cannot flow through. The top of the overflow pipes should be lower than top of cylindrical side wall so that liquid can only overflow through the pipes, not the top of cylindrical wall, and the overflow liquid can be redistributed by the rough liquid distribution tray before passing down to the vapor-liquid distribution tray 24.
Gas and liquid then pass below into catalyst bed 26. The filtering zone is designed so that the supports of the grating provide minimal resistance to radial liquid flow on rough liquid distribution tray so that liquid can be re-distributed across the tray.
[0011] The filter material used in the filtering zone may comprise pellets, sheets or other configuration of a porous material as known in the art. Preferred materials for the filtering zone are ceramic pellets which have a high internal porosity, such as the products available from Crystaphase Technologies, Inc., located in Houston, Texas USA. Other filtering materials may be used, for example, membrane filters, sand filters, and other similar filter materials. In accordance with a preferred embodiment, the filtering zone contains one or multiple layers of filter materials with the same or different physical and chemical properties. The grating, upon which the porous material is supported has openings that are smaller than the size of the porous material pellets or other configuration.
[0012] With respect to the collection of the solid materials from the liquid, the
configuration also reduces the tendency of rough liquid distribution tray 22 and vapor-liquid distribution tray 24 being plugged by solids.
SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS
[0013] While the following is described in conjunction with specific embodiments, it will be understood that this description is intended to illustrate and not limit the scope of the preceding description and the appended claims.
[0014] A first embodiment of the invention is an apparatus comprising an upper portion and a lower portion wherein the upper portion contains a scale collection device wherein a filtering zone is located above a rough liquid distribution tray and wherein a vapor-liquid distribution tray is located below the rough liquid distribution tray, wherein the upper portion comprises a cylindrical side wall which is coupled to the rough liquid distribution tray. An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the cylindrical side wall extended up to reactor top head. An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the top of the cylindrical side wall contains holes or slots or cuts. An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the lower portion contains a catalyst bed. An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the lower portion contains a medium. An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the lower portion contains a packing. An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the filtering zone comprises one layer of filtering material having the same physical and chemical properties. An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the filtering zone comprises multiple layers of filtering material having different physical and chemical properties. An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the filtering zone comprises porous ceramic pellets. An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the filtering zone is spaced above the rough liquid distribution tray by a plurality of spacers. An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the spacers are coupled to the rough liquid distribution tray. An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the filtering zone comprises a plurality of liquid overflow chimneys. An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the top of overflow chimneys contain slots, wherein the slots may be V-shaped. An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the top of overflow chimneys contain cuts. An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the overflow chimneys contain holes. An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the overflow chimneys may contain caps. An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the first embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the rough liquid distribution tray contains holes sized to generate the desired liquid level on the rough liquid distribution tray.
[0015] A second embodiment of the invention is an apparatus comprising an upper portion and a lower portion wherein the upper portion contains a scale collection device wherein a filtering zone is located above a rough liquid distribution tray and wherein a vapor- liquid distribution tray is located below the rough liquid distribution tray, wherein the upper portion comprises a cylindrical side wall which is coupled to the rough liquid distribution tray. An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the second embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the top of liquid overflow chimneys contain slots, wherein the slots may be V-shaped. An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the second embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the top of liquid overflow chimneys contain cuts. An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the second embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the overflow chimneys contain holes. An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the second embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the overflow chimneys may contain caps. An embodiment of the invention is one, any or all of prior embodiments in this paragraph up through the second embodiment in this paragraph, wherein the rough liquid distribution tray contains holes sized to generate the desired liquid level on the rough liquid distribution tray.
[0016] Without further elaboration, it is believed that using the preceding description that one skilled in the art can utilize the present invention to its fullest extent and easily ascertain the essential characteristics of this invention, without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, to make various changes and modifications of the invention and to adapt it to various usages and conditions. The preceding preferred specific embodiments are, therefore, to be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting the remainder of the disclosure in any way whatsoever, and that it is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent
arrangements included within the scope of the appended claims. In the foregoing, all temperatures are set forth in degrees Celsius and, all parts and percentages are by weight, unless otherwise indicated.

Claims

CLAIMS:
1. A reactor comprising an upper portion and a lower portion wherein the upper portion contains a scale collection device wherein a filtering zone is located above a rough liquid distribution tray and wherein a vapor-liquid distribution tray is located below the rough liquid distribution tray, wherein the upper portion comprises a cylindrical side wall which is coupled to the rough liquid distribution tray.
2. The reactor of claim 1, wherein the cylindrical side wall is extended up to reactor top head.
3. The reactor of claim 2, wherein the top of the cylindrical side wall contains holes or slots or cuts.
4. The reactor of claim 1, wherein the lower portion contains a catalyst bed.
5. The reactor of claim 1, wherein the lower portion contains a medium.
6. The reactor of claim 1, wherein the lower portion contains a packing.
7. The reactor of claim 1, wherein the filtering zone comprises one layer of filtering material having the same physical and chemical properties.
8. The reactor of claim 1, wherein the filtering zone comprises multiple layers of filtering material having different physical and chemical properties.
9. The reactor of claim 1, wherein the filtering zone comprises porous ceramic pellets.
10. The reactor of claim 1, wherein the filtering zone is spaced above the rough liquid distribution tray by a plurality of spacers.
11. The reactor of claim 10, wherein the spacers are coupled to the rough liquid distribution tray.
12. The reactor of claim 1, wherein the filtering zone comprises a plurality of liquid overflow chimneys.
13. The reactor of claim 12, wherein the top of overflow chimneys contain slots, wherein the slots may be V-shaped.
14. The reactor of claim 12, wherein the top of overflow chimneys contain cuts.
15. The reactor of claim 12, wherein the overflow chimneys contain holes.
16. The reactor of claim 12, wherein the overflow chimneys may contain caps.
17. The reactor of claim 1, wherein the rough liquid distribution tray contains holes sized to generate the desired liquid level on the rough liquid distribution tray.
18. An apparatus comprising an upper portion and a lower portion wherein the upper portion contains a scale collection device wherein a filtering zone is located above a rough liquid distribution tray and wherein a vapor-liquid distribution tray is located below the rough liquid distribution tray, wherein the filtering zone contains liquid overflow chimneys, wherein the upper portion comprises a cylindrical side wall which is coupled to the rough liquid distribution tray.
19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the top of liquid overflow chimneys contains slots, wherein the slots may be V-shaped.
20. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the top of liquid overflow chimneys contains cuts.
21. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the overflow chimneys contain holes.
22. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the overflow chimneys may contain caps.
23. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the rough liquid distribution tray contains holes sized to generate the desired liquid level on the rough liquid distribution tray.
EP18891437.8A 2017-12-21 2018-12-20 Scale collection device for downflow reactors Active EP3727675B8 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US201762609303P 2017-12-21 2017-12-21
PCT/US2018/066659 WO2019126420A1 (en) 2017-12-21 2018-12-20 Scale collection device for downflow reactors

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EP (1) EP3727675B8 (en)
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US20190232199A1 (en) 2019-08-01
US11298669B2 (en) 2022-04-12
CN111542386A (en) 2020-08-14
CA3085788C (en) 2023-05-23
EP3727675B8 (en) 2025-12-03
EP3727675A4 (en) 2021-09-01
CA3085788A1 (en) 2019-06-27
WO2019126420A1 (en) 2019-06-27
EP3727675B1 (en) 2025-10-29
DK3727675T3 (en) 2026-01-19

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