EP3604073A1 - System for linking combined rail/road transport carriage - Google Patents

System for linking combined rail/road transport carriage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3604073A1
EP3604073A1 EP19182330.1A EP19182330A EP3604073A1 EP 3604073 A1 EP3604073 A1 EP 3604073A1 EP 19182330 A EP19182330 A EP 19182330A EP 3604073 A1 EP3604073 A1 EP 3604073A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pivoting structure
end platform
hooks
centering
safety device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19182330.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3604073B1 (en
Inventor
Jacques Ober
Jean-Luc Andre
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lohr Industrie SA
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Lohr Industrie SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3604073A1 publication Critical patent/EP3604073A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3604073B1 publication Critical patent/EP3604073B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D47/00—Loading or unloading devices combined with vehicles, e.g. loading platforms, doors convertible into loading and unloading ramps
    • B61D47/005—Loading or unloading devices combined with road vehicles carrying wagons, e.g. ramps, turntables, lifting means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D3/00—Wagons or vans
    • B61D3/16—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads
    • B61D3/18—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads for vehicles
    • B61D3/182—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads for vehicles specially adapted for heavy vehicles, e.g. public work vehicles, trucks, trailers
    • B61D3/184—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads for vehicles specially adapted for heavy vehicles, e.g. public work vehicles, trucks, trailers the heavy vehicles being of the trailer or semi-trailer type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D45/00—Means or devices for securing or supporting the cargo, including protection against shocks
    • B61D45/001—Devices for fixing to walls or floors
    • B61D45/004—Fixing semi-trailers
    • B61D45/005—Fixing semi-trailers by using fifth wheel locks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a railway wagon for the combined rail / road transport of a road load and comprising two end platforms equipped with bogies and supporting a pivoting structure carrying the road load.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a connection system between the end platforms and the pivoting structure carrying the road load.
  • a railway wagon for the combined rail / road transport of a road load which comprises two end platforms equipped with bogies and supporting a pivoting structure carrying the road load.
  • Such a wagon is for example known from the document EP 1,292,478 .
  • the pivoting structure is generally designated as a pocket. It is pivotally mounted around a pivot provided on a tie rod which connects the two end platforms.
  • the pocket can pivot horizontally with respect to the end platforms between a transport position along the longitudinal axis of the wagon and an oblique or perpendicular loading / unloading position in which the road load can freely circulate between the loading dock and the surface pocket carrier.
  • the tie rod when the wagon is in the transport position, or in the "closed wagon” position, the tie rod does not take up the torque generated by the pocket and is only used to support conduits and cables, while when the wagon is in the oblique position or perpendicular to loading / unloading, or in the "open wagon” position, the tie rod keeps the two end platforms in position relative to each other.
  • connection between the end platforms and the pocket is made in the upper part by hooks and in the lower part by other hooks.
  • each end platform has hooks open at the top, or “male hooks”, on which hooks open at the bottom are engaged, or “female hooks” provided at the two longitudinal ends of the pocket, in the upper part and in the lower part thereof , at the level of each of its lateral flanks.
  • each of the male hooks of the end platforms is engaged with one of the female hooks of the pocket, the hooks of the pocket coming to bear on the hooks of the end platforms so as to suspend the pocket between the two end platforms.
  • any lack of longitudinal centering between the pocket and the two end platforms is likely to have a negative impact on the reliability of the connection system.
  • the object of the present invention therefore aims to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art by proposing a new connection system for a rail car of the type as described above.
  • operation in nominal mode is the opposite of operation in degraded mode or resulting from a failure.
  • connection system does not include hooks open in each of the lower corners of the ends opposite said end platform and said pivoting structure.
  • each connection system comprises hooks open only in each of the upper corners of the ends opposite said end platform and said pivoting structure.
  • each connection system comprises a retaining device comprising at least one locking mechanism on each side of the end platform and of the pivoting structure, which locks the pivoting structure with said end platform when the swivel structure is in transport position.
  • This connection system advantageously makes it possible to keep the pocket between the two end platforms securely and centered when pivoting and lowering the pivoting structure into the transport position, using only hooks at the top and while holding a fixed distance between the pivoting structure and the end platform at the bottom thereof. It also allows to lock the pivoting structure with the end platform and to ensure traction between these two elements when in the event of a failure of one of the connecting members connecting the two end platforms to the tie rod in nominal mode.
  • the hooks open at the top each comprise a part projecting upwards and the hooks open at the bottom each comprise a receiving cutout open at the bottom in a shape substantially complementary to the part projecting upwards. each hook open up.
  • the shape of these hooks advantageously makes it possible to suspend the pivoting structure in a reliable and robust manner from the end platform.
  • the parts projecting upwards and the receiving cutouts open downwards have a profile of substantially rectangular shape, which advantageously allows good retention of the parts projecting upwards in the receiving cutouts open towards the low.
  • the hooks open upwards are fitted with furs on their faces oriented along the longitudinal axis of the railway wagon, the furs of the hooks open upwards having a slight angle relative to the vertical so that each projecting part has a wider profile at its base relative to its upper part.
  • This conformation advantageously makes it possible to guide the descent of the protruding parts upwards into the receiving cutouts open downwards.
  • each abutment piece comprises a wedging piece of selected thickness which is fixed on the end platform, and on which is fixed a fur provided to come into contact against a receiving surface located in the lower part of the pivoting structure.
  • the retaining device comprises two locking mechanisms each provided on each side of the end platform and the pivoting structure.
  • Such locking redundancy advantageously makes it possible to improve the security of the link system.
  • each locking mechanism comprises a locking hook mounted on the end platform or the pivoting structure and designed to be able to engage in locking on a gripping axis mounted respectively on the pivoting structure or on the platform end.
  • the locking hook is provided pivoting in a vertical plane so as to be able to engage in locking on the gripping axis provided transverse to the longitudinal axis of the railway wagon.
  • each locking mechanism comprises a spring which pushes the locking hook into the locking position, as well as an actuator provided for tilting the locking hook into the unlocking position, the force of the actuator being sufficient to overcome the force of the spring.
  • the two locking hooks are mutually connected by a torsion bar which extends transversely to the longitudinal axis of the railway wagon. This advantageously makes it possible to enslave the two locking hooks for better security in the event of failure of one of the springs.
  • the centering device comprises a centering finger provided on the end platform in the lower part thereof, on the opposite face of the pivoting structure, and a receiving housing provided in the lower part of the pivoting structure on the opposite face of the end platform, the centering finger extending prominently in the direction of the pivoting structure so as to be received in the receiving housing when the pivoting structure is in the transport position.
  • This centering device advantageously makes it possible to align the end platform and the pivoting structure in a reliable and secure manner.
  • the centering finger and the receiving housing are provided centered at the level of the median longitudinal axis of the railway wagon.
  • the centering finger preferably has a tapered upper part, which makes it possible to guide the descent of the pivoting structure into the transport position in a manner aligned with the end platform along the longitudinal axis of the wagon.
  • the security device comprises at least one male member mounted in the lower part of the pivoting structure and at least one female receiving member provided in the lower part of the end platform, a male member being provided to be housed in an organ female receiver when the pivoting structure is in the transport position.
  • the female receiving member is in the form of a housing provided on the underside of the end platform with one face open downwards.
  • the female receiving member is in the form of a housing having a shape substantially complementary to that of the male member.
  • the female receiving member has dimensions slightly larger than those of the male member, so that in nominal mode, a functional mechanical clearance between the male member and the female receiving member allows avoid contact and force transmission between the pivoting structure and the end structure.
  • the safety device and the centering device are in the form of one and the same centering and safety device.
  • the safety device comprises at least one male member in the form of a centering finger, the free end of which comprises an anchoring piece extending transversely on each side of the free end of the centering finger.
  • the safety device comprises at least one male member in the form of a hook extending in protrusion from the end platform at the lower part thereof towards the pivoting structure, the part free from the hook being bent upwards.
  • the security device comprises at least one male member in the form of a centering finger having transverse axes in its middle part.
  • each connection system also comprises an additional safety device comprising a high stop stop provided on the external flank of one of the hooks open upwards, this high stop stop having an upper part extending upwards above said hook open upwards against which the pivoting structure abuts when it is pivoted in the transport position.
  • This additional safety device advantageously makes it possible to block any additional pivoting movement of the pivoting structure when it is in the high position and pivoted in the transport position, so that the hooks by which the pivoting structure will be suspended are engaged in a centered manner.
  • the pivoting structure in the transport position can adopt a high position and a low position, and in that the additional safety device also comprises a low stop provided on the external flank of the another hook open upwards, this lower stopper having no part projecting above said hook open upwards but having a longitudinal part extending forwards or backwards which abuts against the external lateral face of a hook open downwards when the pivoting structure descends into the transport position.
  • the additional safety device advantageously makes it possible to block any pivoting movement of the pivoting structure when it is lowered into the transport position, its upper hooks being blocked between the upper stop stop and the lower stop stop.
  • each stopper has a lower part extending downward in order to form a front stop for the locking hook when the latter is in the unlocking position.
  • the rail car (1) according to the invention is intended for combined rail / road transport and loading / unloading of a road load, preferably a semi-trailer.
  • a railway wagon (1) is shown in simplified form on the figure 1 .
  • the tie rod (3) is connected to each end platform (2) by a connecting member (not shown). Each of these connecting members is preferably located at the level of the tie rod (3), in the lower part of each of the end platforms (2).
  • the tie rod (3) is equipped with a pivot (6) which allows the pivoting structure (5) to be animated with a back and forth pivoting movement, in a horizontal plane, towards and beyond a platform between a transport position along the longitudinal axis of the railway wagon (1) and a loading / unloading position oblique or perpendicular to the transport position.
  • the ends of the pivoting structure (5) are open and accessible from the quay to allow the user to load or unload a road load on or outside said pivoting structure (5).
  • the pivoting structure (5) and the two end platforms (2) are mutually associated and aligned along the longitudinal axis of the rail car (1) and the ends of the pivoting structure (5) are closed by the end platforms (2).
  • pivoting structure (5) When the pivoting structure (5) is in the transport position, a lifting mechanism external to the wagon makes it possible to vertically move the pivoting structure (5) relative to the two end platforms (2), so that said pivoting structure (5 ) is dissociated from the two end platforms (2) and can freely pivot relative to them.
  • the pivoting structure (5) can thus adopt a high position and a low position.
  • the pivoting structure (5) comprises a horizontal loading plate (7) bordered longitudinally by two side walls (8) of protection delimited upwards by upper side members (9). These upper beams (9) usually allow to stiffen and support the pivoting structure (5).
  • the railway wagon (1) also comprises two connection systems (10) provided for dissociably assembling the pivoting structure (5) and the two end platforms (2) when the pivoting structure (5) is in transport position.
  • Each connection system (10) is thus provided between each of the end platforms (2) and the pivoting structure (5), at the ends opposite these elements (2, 5).
  • the present invention seeks to improve the existing connection systems (10) for this type of rail car (1).
  • connection system (10) will therefore be described here for one of the end platforms (2). It will preferably be similar for the other end platform (2).
  • Each connection system (10) comprises a pair of hooks (11) open upwards, oriented longitudinally and located on the end platform (2). These hooks (11) open upwards are each located on the end platform (2) at its end opposite the pivoting structure (5). Each of the hooks (11) open upwards is located at each of the upper corners (12) of the end platform (2).
  • These hooks (11) open upwards also called “male hooks”, each comprise a part (13) projecting upwards which can be fitted with furs (14) preferably made of copper on their faces oriented along the axis. longitudinal of the rail car (1). Preferably, these furs (14) also extend on the top face of the part (13) projecting upwards.
  • Each connection system (10) also comprises a pair of hooks (15) open downwards, oriented longitudinally and located on the pivoting structure (5). These hooks (15) open downwards are each located on the pivoting structure (5) at its end opposite the end platform (2). Each of the hooks (15) open downwards is located at each of the upper corners (16) of the pivoting structure (5). These hooks (15) open at the bottom, also called “female hooks”, each include a receiving cutout (17) open at the bottom of a shape substantially complementary to the part (13) projecting upwards from each hook (11) open up.
  • the hooks (15) open at the bottom are each intended to engage with and rest from above on the hooks (11) open towards the top of the end platform (2) when the pivoting structure (5) is in transport position.
  • the furs (14) of the hooks (11) open upwards have a slight angle relative to the vertical so that each projecting part (13) has a wider profile at its base relative to its upper part, which allows to guide and facilitate the engagement of the part (13) projecting from each hook (11) open upwards in the receiving cutout (17) of each hook (15) open downwards.
  • the parts (13) projecting upwards and the receiving cutouts (17) open downwards preferably have a profile of substantially rectangular shape.
  • Each connection system (10) also comprises a pair of stop pieces (18) located in the lower part of the end platform (2) of the end.
  • Each abutment piece (18) extends prominently in the direction of the pivoting structure (5) so as to bear on a receiving surface (19) located in the lower part of the pivoting structure (5) and to maintain a fixed spacing between the end platform (2) and the pivoting structure (5) when the pivoting structure (5) is in the transport position.
  • Each abutment piece (18) preferably comprises a wedging piece (20) fixed on the end platform (2) in the lower part thereof, and on which is fixed a fur (21), preferably made of copper, this fur (21) being provided to come into contact against the receiving surface (19) located in the lower part of the pivoting structure (5).
  • the thickness of the wedging piece (20) makes it possible to adjust the functional clearance of the pivoting structure (5) relative to the end platform (2). It also makes it possible to adjust the attitude of the pivoting structure (5) in order to ensure in particular that the loading plate (7) thereof is located in a horizontal plane.
  • the thickness of each wedging piece (20) is preferably chosen in the factory during the manufacture of the railway wagon (1) according to the invention in order to carry out the above-mentioned adjustments.
  • the hooks (15) open downwards, the hooks (11) open upwards and the stop parts (18) are provided in substantially the same vertical plane as that of the side walls (8) and the upper side members (9) of the pivoting structure (5).
  • these elements (11, 15, 18) are provided in the immediate vicinity of the lateral flanks of the end platform (2) and of the pivoting structure (5), for maximum spacing between each elements (11, 15, 18 ) within the same pair of hooks (15) open at the bottom, hooks (11) open at the top and stop parts (18).
  • This configuration improves the retaining force in the horizontal plane of said end platform (2) with said pivoting structure (5).
  • each connection system (10) does not include hooks open in each of the lower corners of the ends opposite said end platform (2) and said pivoting structure (5), a pair of stop pieces (18) coming in place of these hooks.
  • Each connection system (10) further comprises a retaining device (22) provided for securing the assembly of the pivoting structure (5) and the two end platforms (2) when the pivoting structure (5) is in position transport.
  • This retaining device (22) comprises at least one locking mechanism (23) which locks the pivoting structure (5) with said end platform (2) when the pivoting structure (5) is in the transport position.
  • the retaining device (22) comprises two locking mechanisms (23) each provided on each side of the end platform (2) and of the pivoting structure (5).
  • Each locking mechanism (23) includes a locking hook (24) designed to engage in locking on a gripping axis (25).
  • the locking hook (24) is mounted on the end platform (2) and provided for pivoting in a vertical plane situated along the longitudinal axis of the railway wagon (1) in order to engage in locking on the gripping axis (25) mounted on the pivoting structure (5) and provided transverse to the longitudinal axis of the railway wagon (1).
  • Each locking mechanism (23) includes a spring (26) which urges the locking hook (24) into the locking position.
  • Each locking mechanism (23) also includes an actuator (27), preferably pneumatic, designed to tilt the locking hook (24) in the unlocking position. The force of the actuator (27) is sufficient to overcome the force of the spring (26).
  • the locking hook (24) remains in the locking position.
  • the two locking hooks (24) are mutually connected by a torsion bar (28) which extends transversely to the longitudinal axis of the rail car (1) and which allows the two springs (26) to be redundant.
  • this torsion bar (28) also makes it possible to know the position of the locking hooks (24) by observing only one side of the rail car (1) .
  • the locking hooks (24) are preferably provided on the external lateral flanks of the end platform (2), at the hooks open upwards (11), below the level of the upper face of each piece (13) protruding upwards.
  • connection system (10) also comprises a centering device (29) which guides the pivoting structure (5) when it arrives in the transport position, aligns it and keeps it aligned in the transport position with said end platform. (2) along the longitudinal axis of the rail car (1).
  • the centering device (29) comprises a centering finger (30) provided on the end platform (2) at the bottom of the latter, on the opposite face of the pivoting structure (5).
  • the centering finger (30) extends prominently in the direction of the pivoting structure (5) in order to be received in a receiving housing (31) provided in the pivoting structure (5) in the lower part thereof, on the opposite face of the end platform (2).
  • the centering finger (30) and the receiving housing (31) are preferably provided centered at the level of the median longitudinal axis of the rail car (1), that is to say that they are each located substantially in the middle of the transverse faces opposite the end platform (2) and the pivoting structure (5).
  • the centering finger (30) and the receiving housing (31) are located respectively on the pivoting structure (5) and on the end structure (2).
  • the centering finger (30) preferably has a tapered upper part so as to guide the descent of the pivoting structure (5) when it arrives in the transport position so that the centering finger (30) penetrates from below into the receiving housing (31) of the end platform (2).
  • the centering finger (30) preferably has furs (32) whose upper part is truncated so as to give its tapered shape to the centering finger (30).
  • each connection system (10) further comprises a safety device (33) which connects the pivoting structure (5) to the end platform (2) and provides traction between these two elements when the pivoting structure (5 ) is in the transport position and in the event of failure of one of the connecting members connecting the two end platforms (2) to the tie rod (3) in nominal mode.
  • nominal mode commonly means a normal operating mode which does not result from any failure.
  • connecting members are provided between each of the two end platforms (2) and the tie rod (3), in the lower part of the end platforms (2) , in order to connect the pivoting structure (5) to the end platform (2) when the pivoting structure (5) is in the transport position.
  • these connecting members fail, the two end platforms (2) remain connected to the pivoting structure (5) by the hooks (15) open downwards and the hooks (11) open upwards, but as they are no longer correctly connected to the tie rod (3), their lower part is liable to tip down, just like the tie rod (3), which can cause serious accidents.
  • This downward tilting of an end platform (2) can also cause the disengagement of the centering finger (30) outside the receiving housing (31).
  • the pivoting structure (5) and the end platform (2) are no longer kept centered and the hooks (15) open downwards and the hooks (11) open upwards are liable to disengage, which can cause serious accidents, in particular a rupture of the railway wagon (1) at the connection system (10).
  • the purpose of the safety device (33) is to hold the lower part of the end platform (2) with the lower part of the pivoting structure (5) and to prevent the rail wagon (1) from breaking at the level of the link system (10) in the event of failure of one of the link members connecting the two end platforms (2) to the tie rod (3) in nominal mode.
  • the device (33) is not used and has no effect.
  • the safety device (33) ensures at least the connection in traction of the end platform (2) by the lower part of the pivoting structure (5), or vice versa.
  • the safety device (33) preferably comprises at least one male member (34) mounted in the lower part of the end platform (2) and designed to be housed in at least one female receiving member (35) provided in the lower part of the pivoting structure (5).
  • the male member (34) and the receiving member (35) are located respectively on the pivoting structure (5) and on the end structure (2).
  • this male member (34) In nominal mode, this male member (34) is not in contact with the female receiving member (35). It is only in the event of failure of one of the connecting members that the male member (34) comes into contact with a contact zone (36) of the female receiving member (35) to ensure traction between the platform end (2) and the pivoting structure (5) in their lower part.
  • the safety device (33) can also fulfill the role of centering of the centering device (29) and these two devices can be in the form of a single centering and safety device (29, 33).
  • the male member (34) of the safety device (33) is in the form of a centering finger (30), the free end of which comprises an anchoring piece (37) extending transversely on each side from the free end of the centering finger (30).
  • the anchor piece (37) is in the general form of an anchor-type hook and the female receiving member (35) has a general shape complementary to the anchor piece (37) and is open both in its upper face and in its lower face.
  • the centering finger (30) has in the lower part lateral supports (38) extending laterally in prominence in order to support the furs (32) of the centering finger (30) when they are subjected to a directed vertical force down.
  • the safety device (33) and the centering device (29) are separate.
  • the centering finger (30) is a simple piece of general shape rectangular with lateral supports (38) for the furs (32), while the safety device (33) comprises two male members (34) in the form of hooks (39) the free part of which is bent upwards to penetrate from below in female receiving members (35) provided on the underside of the pivoting structure (5).
  • the female receiving members (35) are in the form of simple housings (40) having an open face downwards.
  • the male members (34) and the female receiving members (35) are provided offset laterally with respect to the centering device (29).
  • the centering finger (30) and male members (34) extend in prominence from the end platform (2) in the lower part thereof in the direction of the pivoting structure (5).
  • the safety device (33) and the centering device (29) are in the form of a single centering and safety device (29, 33).
  • the male member (34) of the safety device (33) is in the form of a centering finger (30), the free end of which has a hook (39) bent upward to penetrate. from below in a female receiving member (35) provided on the underside of the pivoting structure (5).
  • the female receiving member (35) is in the form of a housing (40) having both an open face downward and an open face towards the end platform (2) to leave penetrate both the centering finger (30) and the male member (34).
  • the housing (40) In its face opposite the end platform (2), the housing (40) has a retaining cleat (41) which extends downward from the upper face of the housing (40) in order to be engaged in traction or when pushed by the hook (39) in the event of a failure of one of the connecting members connecting the two end platforms (2) to the tie rod (3) in nominal mode.
  • the safety device (33) and the centering device (29) are also held vertically upwards by the upper bottom of the housing (40).
  • the safety device (33) and the centering device (29) are in the form of a single centering and safety device (29, 33).
  • the male member (34) of the safety device (33) is in the form of a centering finger (30) having transverse axes (42) in its middle part, these transverse axes (42) extending laterally from the middle part of the centering finger (30) through the flanges (32) of said centering finger (30).
  • the safety device (33) and the centering device (29) thus adopt the general shape of a cross, the branches of which are located in a horizontal plane, the free parts of which are designed to come into reception in a female receiving member (35) provided on the underside of the pivoting structure (5).
  • the female receiving member (35) is in the form of a housing (40) having a general shape of a cross complementary to the shape of the safety device (33) and of the centering device (29), with a longitudinal part (43) and transverse parts (44) extending in a horizontal plane on each side of the longitudinal part (43).
  • This cross-shaped housing (40) has both an open face downward and an open face towards the end platform (2) to allow both the centering finger (30) and the male organ (34).
  • the transverse axes (42) of the safety device (33) are found in traction or push contact in the transverse parts (44) of the housing (40).
  • the transverse axes (42) of the safety device (33) are also retained vertically upwards by the upper bottom of the housing (40).
  • the female receiving member (35) has dimensions slightly larger than those of the female receiving member (35) of the safety device (33) so that these members (34, 35) are not in contact only in the event of failure of one of the connecting members connecting the two end platforms (2) to the tie rod (3) in nominal mode.
  • each connection system (10) also comprises an additional safety device (45) which prevents the transverse disengagement of the hooks (15) open downwards with the hooks (11) open to the top.
  • an additional safety device (45) is shown in the figures 7 to 9 .
  • the additional safety device (45) comprises an upper stop (46) provided on the external flank of one of the hooks (11) open upwards, preferably at the level of its part (13) protruding upwards.
  • This upper stopper (46) has an upper part (47) extending upwards above said hook (11) open upwards so as to form a lateral stopper for the hook (15). open downwards intended to engage with said hook (11) open upwards.
  • the internal lateral face of said upper part (47) extending upwards abuts against the external lateral face of the hook (15) open downwards when the pivoting structure (5) is pivoted in the transport position.
  • the upper stopper (46) can also have a lower part (48) extending downwards in order to form a front stopper for the locking hook (24) when it is in the unlocked position.
  • the additional safety device (45) also comprises a bottom stop (49) provided on the external flank of the other hook (11) open upwards, preferably at the level of its part (13 ) protruding upwards.
  • This low stop (49) has no part projecting above said hook (11) open upwards so that the pivoting structure (5) can pass over it without a of its hooks (15) open towards the bottom does not come into abutment against the bottom stop (49) when the pivoting structure (5) is pivoted.
  • the lower stopper (49) however has a longitudinal part (50) extending forwards or backwards which abuts against the external lateral face of the hook (15) open downwards when the pivoting structure (5) descends to the transport position.
  • the lower stopper (49) can also have a lower part (48) extending downwards in order to form a front stopper for the locking hook (24) when that -this is in the unlocked position.
  • the side on which the upper stopper (46) and the lower stopper (49) are mounted on the end platform (2) depends of course on the direction of rotation in which the pivoting structure (5) is pivoted in the transport position, the pivoting structure (5), when in the high position, pivoting above the low stop (49) to come into abutment against the high stop (46).
  • the end platform (2) abuts against the lower stopper (49) only when it has come back down to its lower position. It is then kept centered by its two stops (46, 49) redundantly with the centering device (29)
  • the upper stopper (46) and the lower stopper (49) are preferably bolted to the external side face of their respective hook (11) open upwards.
  • Each link system (10) thus offers maximum security.
  • each connection system (10) since each connection system (10) only includes hooks (11, 15) in the upper part, the tie rod (3) takes up the torque generated by the pivoting structure (5) carrying the road load.

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Abstract

Le système de liaison (10) assemble une structure pivotante (5) avec une plateforme d'extrémité (2). Il comprend :• des crochets (11) mâles et des crochets (15) femelles en partie haute respectivement de la plateforme d'extrémité (2) et de la structure pivotante (5) prévus pour leur engagement mutuel ;• des pièces de butée (18) en partie inférieure de la plateforme d'extrémité (2) venant (5) en appui en partie inférieure de la structure pivotante (5) ;• un mécanisme de verrouillage (23) verrouillant la structure pivotante (5) avec la plateforme d'extrémité (2) ;• un dispositif de centrage (29) alignant longitudinalement et maintenant alignée la structure pivotante (5) avec la plateforme d'extrémité (2) ; et• un dispositif de sécurité reliant la structure pivotante (5) à ladite plateforme d'extrémité (2) et assurant la traction entre ces deux éléments en cas de défaillance de la liaison reliant deux plateformes d'extrémité (2).The connection system (10) assembles a pivoting structure (5) with an end platform (2). It includes: • male hooks (11) and female hooks (15) in the upper part respectively of the end platform (2) and the pivoting structure (5) provided for their mutual engagement; • stop pieces ( 18) in the lower part of the end platform (2) coming (5) bearing in the lower part of the pivoting structure (5); • a locking mechanism (23) locking the pivoting structure (5) with the platform d end (2) • a centering device (29) longitudinally aligning and now aligning the pivoting structure (5) with the end platform (2); and • a safety device connecting the pivoting structure (5) to said end platform (2) and ensuring traction between these two elements in the event of failure of the link connecting two end platforms (2).

Description

Domaine techniqueTechnical area

La présente invention se rapporte à un wagon ferroviaire pour le transport combiné rail/route d'une charge routière et comprenant deux plateformes d'extrémité équipées de bogies et supportant une structure pivotante porteuse de la charge routière.The present invention relates to a railway wagon for the combined rail / road transport of a road load and comprising two end platforms equipped with bogies and supporting a pivoting structure carrying the road load.

L'invention concerne plus particulièrement un système de liaison entre les plateformes d'extrémité et la structure pivotante porteuse de la charge routière.The invention relates more particularly to a connection system between the end platforms and the pivoting structure carrying the road load.

Etat de la techniqueState of the art

On connaît un wagon ferroviaire pour le transport combiné rail/route d'une charge routière qui comprend deux plateformes d'extrémité équipées de bogies et supportant une structure pivotante porteuse de la charge routière.A railway wagon is known for the combined rail / road transport of a road load which comprises two end platforms equipped with bogies and supporting a pivoting structure carrying the road load.

Un tel wagon est par exemple connu du document EP 1 292 478 .Such a wagon is for example known from the document EP 1,292,478 .

Dans ce type de wagon, la structure pivotante est généralement désignée en tant que poche. Elle est montée pivotante autour d'un pivot prévu sur un tirant qui relie les deux plateformes d'extrémité.In this type of wagon, the pivoting structure is generally designated as a pocket. It is pivotally mounted around a pivot provided on a tie rod which connects the two end platforms.

La poche peut pivoter horizontalement par rapport aux plateformes d'extrémité entre une position de transport selon l'axe longitudinal du wagon et une position oblique ou perpendiculaire de chargement/déchargement dans laquelle la charge routière peut librement circuler entre le quai de chargement et la surface porteuse de la poche.The pocket can pivot horizontally with respect to the end platforms between a transport position along the longitudinal axis of the wagon and an oblique or perpendicular loading / unloading position in which the road load can freely circulate between the loading dock and the surface pocket carrier.

Dans le wagon décrit dans le document EP 1 292 478 , lorsque le wagon est en position de transport, ou en position « wagon fermé », le tirant ne reprend pas le couple généré par la poche et ne sert qu'à supporter des conduits et câbles, tandis que lorsque le wagon est en position oblique ou perpendiculaire de chargement/déchargement, ou en position « wagon ouvert », le tirant permet de maintenir en position les deux plateformes d'extrémité l'une par rapport à l'autre.In the wagon described in the document EP 1,292,478 , when the wagon is in the transport position, or in the "closed wagon" position, the tie rod does not take up the torque generated by the pocket and is only used to support conduits and cables, while when the wagon is in the oblique position or perpendicular to loading / unloading, or in the "open wagon" position, the tie rod keeps the two end platforms in position relative to each other.

Dans le document EP 1 292 478 , la liaison entre les plateformes d'extrémité et la poche est réalisée en partie supérieure par des crochets et en partie inférieure par d'autres crochets.In the document EP 1,292,478 , the connection between the end platforms and the pocket is made in the upper part by hooks and in the lower part by other hooks.

Ainsi, en partie supérieure et en partie inférieure, au niveau de chacun de ses flancs latéraux, chaque plateforme d'extrémité comporte des crochets ouverts vers le haut, ou « crochets mâles », sur lesquels viennent s'engager des crochets ouverts vers le bas, ou « crochets femelles » prévus aux deux extrémités longitudinales de la poche, en partie supérieure et en partie inférieure de celle-ci, au niveau de chacun de ses flancs latéraux.Thus, in the upper part and in the lower part, at each of its lateral flanks, each end platform has hooks open at the top, or “male hooks”, on which hooks open at the bottom are engaged, or “female hooks” provided at the two longitudinal ends of the pocket, in the upper part and in the lower part thereof , at the level of each of its lateral flanks.

En position « wagon fermé », chacun des crochets mâles des plateformes d'extrémité se retrouve engagé avec un des crochets femelles de la poche, les crochets de la poche venant en appui sur les crochets des plateformes d'extrémité de sorte à suspendre la poche entre les deux plateformes d'extrémité.In the “closed wagon” position, each of the male hooks of the end platforms is engaged with one of the female hooks of the pocket, the hooks of the pocket coming to bear on the hooks of the end platforms so as to suspend the pocket between the two end platforms.

En raison des déformations que la poche est susceptible de subir et des tolérances de fabrication, il n'est cependant pas toujours aisé d'engager tous les crochets femelles avec les crochets mâles, et ce système de liaison entre la poche et les deux plateformes d'extrémité n'est pas toujours satisfaisant.Due to the deformations that the bag is likely to undergo and the manufacturing tolerances, it is not always easy to engage all the female hooks with the male hooks, and this system of connection between the bag and the two platforms. the end is not always satisfactory.

En outre, tout défaut de centrage longitudinal entre la poche et les deux plateformes d'extrémité est susceptible d'impacter négativement sur la fiabilité du système de liaison.In addition, any lack of longitudinal centering between the pocket and the two end platforms is likely to have a negative impact on the reliability of the connection system.

Enfin, en cas de rupture d'un des crochets, rien n'est prévu pour sécuriser la liaison entre la poche et les deux plateformes d'extrémité.Finally, if one of the hooks breaks, nothing is provided to secure the connection between the pocket and the two end platforms.

Description de l'inventionDescription of the invention

L'objet de la présente invention vise par conséquent à pallier les inconvénients de l'art antérieur en proposant un nouveau système de liaison pour un wagon ferroviaire du type tel que décrit précédemment.The object of the present invention therefore aims to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art by proposing a new connection system for a rail car of the type as described above.

Les objets assignés à l'invention sont atteints à l'aide d'un wagon ferroviaire pour le transport combiné rail/route et le chargement/déchargement d'une charge routière, ledit wagon comprenant :

  • deux plateformes d'extrémité reliées par un tirant et équipées de bogies, le tirant étant relié à chaque plateforme d'extrémité par un organe de liaison,
  • une structure pivotante porteuse de la charge routière située au-dessus du tirant, entre les deux plateformes d'extrémité, et qui pivote entre une position de transport et une position de chargement/déchargement,
  • un système de liaison prévu à chaque extrémité de la structure pivotante et à l'extrémité en regard de l'une des deux plateformes d'extrémité pour assembler de façon dissociable la structure pivotante avec ladite plateforme d'extrémité,
caractérisé en ce que chaque système de liaison comprend :
  • une paire de crochets ouverts vers le haut, situés en partie supérieure sur l'extrémité en regard de la plateforme d'extrémité,
  • une paire de crochets ouverts vers le bas, situés en partie supérieure sur la structure pivotante, ces crochets ouverts vers le bas s'engageant avec et reposant sur les crochets ouverts vers le haut de ladite plateforme d'extrémité lorsque la structure pivotante est en position de transport ;
  • une paire de pièces de butée situées en partie inférieure de l'extrémité en regard de ladite plateforme d'extrémité et se prolongeant en proéminence en direction de la structure pivotante, ces pièces de butée maintenant un écartement fixe entre ladite plateforme d'extrémité et ladite structure pivotante lorsque la structure pivotante est en position de transport ;
  • un dispositif de centrage qui guide la structure pivotante lorsqu'elle arrive en position de transport et l'aligne en position de transport avec ladite plateforme d'extrémité selon un axe longitudinal du wagon ferroviaire ; et
  • un dispositif de sécurité qui relie la structure pivotante à ladite plateforme d'extrémité et assure une transmission d'effort de traction entre ces deux éléments lorsque la structure pivotante est en position de transport et en cas de défaillance d'un des organes de liaison, ledit dispositif de sécurité présentant un jeu mécanique fonctionnel entre la plateforme d'extrémité et le tirant en mode nominal.
The objects assigned to the invention are achieved using a railway wagon for combined rail / road transport and loading / unloading of a road load, said wagon comprising:
  • two end platforms connected by a tie rod and fitted with bogies, the tie rod being connected to each end platform by a connecting member,
  • a pivoting structure carrying the road load situated above the tie rod, between the two end platforms, and which pivots between a transport position and a loading / unloading position,
  • a connection system provided at each end of the pivoting structure and at the opposite end of one of the two end platforms for dissociably assembling the pivoting structure with said end platform,
characterized in that each connection system comprises:
  • a pair of hooks open upwards, located in the upper part on the end opposite the end platform,
  • a pair of hooks open at the bottom, situated at the top on the pivoting structure, these hooks open at the bottom engaging with and resting on the hooks open towards the top of said end platform when the pivoting structure is in position transport ;
  • a pair of abutment pieces situated in the lower part of the end opposite said end platform and extending in protrusion in the direction of the pivoting structure, these abutment pieces maintaining a fixed distance between said end platform and said pivoting structure when the pivoting structure is in the transport position;
  • a centering device which guides the pivoting structure when it arrives in the transport position and aligns it in the transport position with said end platform along a longitudinal axis of the railway wagon; and
  • a safety device which connects the pivoting structure to said end platform and ensures a transmission of tensile force between these two elements when the pivoting structure is in the transport position and in the event of a failure of one of the connecting members, said safety device having a functional mechanical clearance between the end platform and the pulling device in nominal mode.

Pour rappel, un fonctionnement en mode nominal est le contraire d'un fonctionnement en mode dégradé ou résultant d'une défaillance.As a reminder, operation in nominal mode is the opposite of operation in degraded mode or resulting from a failure.

Chaque système de liaison ne comprend pas de crochets ouverts dans chacun des coins inférieurs des extrémités en regard de ladite plateforme d'extrémité et de ladite structure pivotante. Ainsi, chaque système de liaison comprend des crochets ouverts uniquement dans chacun des coins supérieurs des extrémités en regard de ladite plateforme d'extrémité et de ladite structure pivotante.Each connection system does not include hooks open in each of the lower corners of the ends opposite said end platform and said pivoting structure. Thus, each connection system comprises hooks open only in each of the upper corners of the ends opposite said end platform and said pivoting structure.

Selon un exemple de réalisation, chaque système de liaison comprend un dispositif de retenue comportant au moins un mécanisme de verrouillage de chaque côté de la plateforme d'extrémité et de la structure pivotante, qui verrouille la structure pivotante avec ladite plateforme d'extrémité lorsque la structure pivotante est en position de transport.According to an exemplary embodiment, each connection system comprises a retaining device comprising at least one locking mechanism on each side of the end platform and of the pivoting structure, which locks the pivoting structure with said end platform when the swivel structure is in transport position.

Ce système de liaison permet avantageusement de maintenir la poche entre les deux plateformes d'extrémité de manière sûre et centrée lors du pivotement et de la descente de la structure pivotante en position de transport, en utilisant uniquement des crochets en partie supérieure et tout en maintenant un écartement fixe entre la structure pivotante et la plateforme d'extrémité en partie inférieure de celles-ci. Il permet également de verrouiller la structure pivotante avec la plateforme d'extrémité et d'assurer la traction entre ces deux éléments lorsque en cas de défaillance d'un des organes de liaison reliant les deux plateformes d'extrémité au tirant en mode nominal.This connection system advantageously makes it possible to keep the pocket between the two end platforms securely and centered when pivoting and lowering the pivoting structure into the transport position, using only hooks at the top and while holding a fixed distance between the pivoting structure and the end platform at the bottom thereof. It also allows to lock the pivoting structure with the end platform and to ensure traction between these two elements when in the event of a failure of one of the connecting members connecting the two end platforms to the tie rod in nominal mode.

Selon un exemple de réalisation, les crochets ouverts vers le haut comportent chacun une pièce en saillie vers le haut et les crochets ouverts vers le bas comportent chacun une découpe réceptrice ouverte vers le bas de forme sensiblement complémentaire de la pièce en saillie vers le haut de chaque crochet ouvert vers le haut. La forme de ces crochets permet avantageusement de suspendre la structure pivotante de manière fiable et robuste à la plateforme d'extrémité.According to an exemplary embodiment, the hooks open at the top each comprise a part projecting upwards and the hooks open at the bottom each comprise a receiving cutout open at the bottom in a shape substantially complementary to the part projecting upwards. each hook open up. The shape of these hooks advantageously makes it possible to suspend the pivoting structure in a reliable and robust manner from the end platform.

Selon un autre exemple de réalisation, les pièces en saillie vers le haut et les découpes réceptrices ouvertes vers le bas présentent un profil de forme sensiblement rectangulaire, qui permet avantageusement un bon maintien des pièces en saillie vers le haut dans les découpes réceptrices ouvertes vers le bas.According to another exemplary embodiment, the parts projecting upwards and the receiving cutouts open downwards have a profile of substantially rectangular shape, which advantageously allows good retention of the parts projecting upwards in the receiving cutouts open towards the low.

Selon un exemple supplémentaire de réalisation, les crochets ouverts vers le haut sont équipés de fourrures sur leurs faces orientées selon l'axe longitudinal du wagon ferroviaire, les fourrures des crochets ouverts vers le haut présentant un léger angle par rapport à la verticale de sorte que chaque pièce en saillie présente un profil plus large à sa base par rapport à sa partie supérieure. Cette conformation permet avantageusement de guider la descente des pièces en saillie vers le haut dans les découpes réceptrices ouvertes vers le bas.According to a further embodiment, the hooks open upwards are fitted with furs on their faces oriented along the longitudinal axis of the railway wagon, the furs of the hooks open upwards having a slight angle relative to the vertical so that each projecting part has a wider profile at its base relative to its upper part. This conformation advantageously makes it possible to guide the descent of the protruding parts upwards into the receiving cutouts open downwards.

Selon un autre exemple de réalisation, chaque pièce de butée comprend une pièce de calage d'épaisseur choisie qui est fixée sur la plateforme d'extrémité, et sur laquelle est fixée une fourrure prévue pour venir en contact contre une surface réceptrice située en partie basse de la structure pivotante. Lors de la construction du wagon, cette conformation des pièces de butée permet avantageusement de régler en usine l'écartement fixe prévu entre la structure pivotante et la plateforme d'extrémité.According to another exemplary embodiment, each abutment piece comprises a wedging piece of selected thickness which is fixed on the end platform, and on which is fixed a fur provided to come into contact against a receiving surface located in the lower part of the pivoting structure. During the construction of the wagon, this conformation of the abutment parts advantageously makes it possible to adjust the fixed spacing provided between the pivoting structure and the end platform in the factory.

Selon un exemple supplémentaire de réalisation, le dispositif de retenue comprend deux mécanismes de verrouillage prévus chacun de chaque côtés de la plateforme d'extrémité et de la structure pivotante. Une telle redondance du verrouillage permet avantageusement d'améliorer la sécurité du système de liaison.According to a further embodiment, the retaining device comprises two locking mechanisms each provided on each side of the end platform and the pivoting structure. Such locking redundancy advantageously makes it possible to improve the security of the link system.

Selon un exemple de réalisation, chaque mécanisme de verrouillage comprend un crochet de verrouillage monté sur la plateforme d'extrémité ou la structure pivotante et prévu pour pouvoir s'engager en verrouillage sur un axe de préhension monté respectivement sur la structure pivotante ou sur la plateforme d'extrémité.According to an exemplary embodiment, each locking mechanism comprises a locking hook mounted on the end platform or the pivoting structure and designed to be able to engage in locking on a gripping axis mounted respectively on the pivoting structure or on the platform end.

Selon un autre exemple de réalisation, le crochet de verrouillage est prévu pivotant dans un plan vertical pour pouvoir s'engager en verrouillage sur l'axe de préhension prévu transversal à l'axe longitudinal du wagon ferroviaire.According to another exemplary embodiment, the locking hook is provided pivoting in a vertical plane so as to be able to engage in locking on the gripping axis provided transverse to the longitudinal axis of the railway wagon.

Selon un exemple supplémentaire de réalisation, chaque mécanisme de verrouillage comprend un ressort qui pousse le crochet de verrouillage en position de verrouillage, ainsi qu'un actionneur prévu pour faire basculer le crochet de verrouillage en position de déverrouillage, l'effort de l'actionneur étant suffisant pour vaincre l'effort du ressort. Le mécanisme de verrouillage est ainsi avantageusement à sécurité positive, la plateforme d'extrémité et la structure pivotante restant verrouillée même en cas de défaut du réseau d'alimentation en énergie du wagon.According to a further embodiment, each locking mechanism comprises a spring which pushes the locking hook into the locking position, as well as an actuator provided for tilting the locking hook into the unlocking position, the force of the actuator being sufficient to overcome the force of the spring. The locking mechanism is thus advantageously positive security, the end platform and the pivoting structure remaining locked even in the event of a fault in the wagon's power supply network.

Selon un exemple de réalisation, les deux crochets de verrouillage sont mutuellement reliés par une barre de torsion qui s'étend transversalement à l'axe longitudinal du wagon ferroviaire. Ceci permet avantageusement d'asservir les deux crochets de verrouillage pour une meilleure sécurité en cas de défaillance de l'un des ressorts.According to an exemplary embodiment, the two locking hooks are mutually connected by a torsion bar which extends transversely to the longitudinal axis of the railway wagon. This advantageously makes it possible to enslave the two locking hooks for better security in the event of failure of one of the springs.

Selon un autre exemple de réalisation, le dispositif de centrage comprend un doigt de centrage prévu sur la plateforme d'extrémité en partie basse de celle-ci, sur la face en regard de la structure pivotante, et un logement récepteur prévu en partie basse de la structure pivotante sur la face en regard de la plateforme d'extrémité, le doigt de centrage se prolongeant en proéminence en direction de la structure pivotante afin d'être reçu dans le logement récepteur lorsque la structure pivotante est en position de transport. Ce dispositif de centrage permet avantageusement d'aligner la plateforme d'extrémité et la structure pivotante de manière fiable et sécuritaire.According to another exemplary embodiment, the centering device comprises a centering finger provided on the end platform in the lower part thereof, on the opposite face of the pivoting structure, and a receiving housing provided in the lower part of the pivoting structure on the opposite face of the end platform, the centering finger extending prominently in the direction of the pivoting structure so as to be received in the receiving housing when the pivoting structure is in the transport position. This centering device advantageously makes it possible to align the end platform and the pivoting structure in a reliable and secure manner.

Selon un exemple supplémentaire de réalisation, le doigt de centrage et le logement récepteur sont prévus centrés au niveau de l'axe longitudinal médian du wagon ferroviaire.According to a further example of embodiment, the centering finger and the receiving housing are provided centered at the level of the median longitudinal axis of the railway wagon.

Selon un exemple de réalisation, le doigt de centrage présente préférentiellement une partie supérieure effilée, ce qui permet de guider la descente de la structure pivotante en position de transport de manière alignée avec la plateforme d'extrémité selon l'axe longitudinal du wagon.According to an exemplary embodiment, the centering finger preferably has a tapered upper part, which makes it possible to guide the descent of the pivoting structure into the transport position in a manner aligned with the end platform along the longitudinal axis of the wagon.

Selon un autre exemple de réalisation, le dispositif de sécurité comprend au moins un organe mâle monté en partie inférieure de la structure pivotante et au moins un organe récepteur femelle prévue en partie inférieure de la plateforme d'extrémité, un organe mâle étant prévu pour être logé dans un organe récepteur femelle lorsque la structure pivotante est en position de transport. Par l'engagement de l'organe mâle avec l'organe récepteur femelle, ce dispositif de sécurité, lorsqu'il est sollicité, permet à la plateforme d'extrémité et à la structure pivotante d'être reliées en traction ou en poussée, selon le sens de déplacement du wagon.According to another exemplary embodiment, the security device comprises at least one male member mounted in the lower part of the pivoting structure and at least one female receiving member provided in the lower part of the end platform, a male member being provided to be housed in an organ female receiver when the pivoting structure is in the transport position. By the engagement of the male member with the female receiving member, this safety device, when requested, allows the end platform and the pivoting structure to be connected in traction or in thrust, according to the direction of movement of the wagon.

Selon un exemple supplémentaire de réalisation, l'organe récepteur femelle est sous la forme d'un logement prévu en sous-face de la plateforme d'extrémité avec une face ouverte vers le bas.According to a further embodiment, the female receiving member is in the form of a housing provided on the underside of the end platform with one face open downwards.

Selon un exemple de réalisation, l'organe récepteur femelle est sous la forme d'un logement présentant une forme sensiblement complémentaire de celle de l'organe mâle.According to an exemplary embodiment, the female receiving member is in the form of a housing having a shape substantially complementary to that of the male member.

Selon un autre exemple de réalisation, l'organe récepteur femelle présente des dimensions légèrement plus grandes que celles de l'organe mâle, de sorte qu'en mode nominal, un jeu mécanique fonctionnel entre l'organe mâle et l'organe récepteur femelle permet d'éviter un contact et une transmission d'effort entre la structure pivotante et la structure d'extrémité.According to another embodiment, the female receiving member has dimensions slightly larger than those of the male member, so that in nominal mode, a functional mechanical clearance between the male member and the female receiving member allows avoid contact and force transmission between the pivoting structure and the end structure.

Selon une variante de réalisation, le dispositif de sécurité et le dispositif de centrage sont sous la forme d'un seul et même dispositif de centrage et de sécurité.According to an alternative embodiment, the safety device and the centering device are in the form of one and the same centering and safety device.

Selon une autre variante de réalisation, le dispositif de sécurité comprend au moins un organe mâle sous la forme d'un doigt de centrage dont l'extrémité libre comporte une pièce d'ancrage se prolongeant transversalement de chacun des côtés de l'extrémité libre du doigt de centrage.According to another alternative embodiment, the safety device comprises at least one male member in the form of a centering finger, the free end of which comprises an anchoring piece extending transversely on each side of the free end of the centering finger.

Selon une variante supplémentaire de réalisation, le dispositif de sécurité comprend au moins un organe mâle sous la forme d'un crochet se prolongeant en proéminence depuis la plateforme d'extrémité en partie inférieure de celle-ci en direction de la structure pivotante, la partie libre du crochet étant recourbée vers le haut.According to an additional variant embodiment, the safety device comprises at least one male member in the form of a hook extending in protrusion from the end platform at the lower part thereof towards the pivoting structure, the part free from the hook being bent upwards.

Selon encore un mode de réalisation, le dispositif de sécurité comprend au moins un organe mâle sous la forme d'un doigt de centrage présentant des axes transversaux dans sa partie médiane.According to yet another embodiment, the security device comprises at least one male member in the form of a centering finger having transverse axes in its middle part.

Selon un exemple de réalisation, chaque système de liaison comprend aussi un dispositif de sécurité supplémentaire comprenant une butée d'arrêt haute prévue sur le flanc externe d'un des crochets ouverts vers le haut, cette butée d'arrêt haute présentant une partie supérieure se prolongeant vers le haut au-dessus dudit crochet ouvert vers le haut contre laquelle la structure pivotante vient en butée lorsqu'elle est pivotée en position de transport. Ce dispositif de sécurité supplémentaire permet avantageusement de bloquer tout mouvement de pivotement supplémentaire de la structure pivotante lorsqu'elle est en position haute et pivotée en position de transport, de sorte que les crochets par lesquels la structure pivotante sera suspendue soient engagés de manière centrée.According to an exemplary embodiment, each connection system also comprises an additional safety device comprising a high stop stop provided on the external flank of one of the hooks open upwards, this high stop stop having an upper part extending upwards above said hook open upwards against which the pivoting structure abuts when it is pivoted in the transport position. This additional safety device advantageously makes it possible to block any additional pivoting movement of the pivoting structure when it is in the high position and pivoted in the transport position, so that the hooks by which the pivoting structure will be suspended are engaged in a centered manner.

Selon un autre exemple de réalisation, en position de transport la structure pivotante peut adopter une position haute et une position basse, et en ce que le dispositif de sécurité supplémentaire comprend en outre une butée d'arrêt basse prévue sur le flanc externe de l'autre crochet ouvert vers le haut, cette butée d'arrêt basse ne présentant pas de partie faisant saillie au-dessus dudit crochet ouvert vers le haut mais présentant une partie longitudinale se prolongeant vers l'avant ou vers l'arrière qui vient en butée contre la face latérale externe d'un crochet ouvert vers le bas lorsque la structure pivotante descend en position de transport. Ainsi, le dispositif de sécurité supplémentaire permet avantageusement de bloquer tout mouvement de pivotement de la structure pivotante lorsqu'elle est descendue en position de transport, ses crochets supérieurs étant bloqués entre la butée d'arrêt haute et la butée d'arrêt basse.According to another exemplary embodiment, in the transport position the pivoting structure can adopt a high position and a low position, and in that the additional safety device also comprises a low stop provided on the external flank of the another hook open upwards, this lower stopper having no part projecting above said hook open upwards but having a longitudinal part extending forwards or backwards which abuts against the external lateral face of a hook open downwards when the pivoting structure descends into the transport position. Thus, the additional safety device advantageously makes it possible to block any pivoting movement of the pivoting structure when it is lowered into the transport position, its upper hooks being blocked between the upper stop stop and the lower stop stop.

Selon un exemple supplémentaire de réalisation, chaque butée d'arrêt présente une partie inférieure se prolongeant vers le bas afin de former une butée frontale pour le crochet de verrouillage lorsque celui-ci est en position déverrouillage.According to a further embodiment, each stopper has a lower part extending downward in order to form a front stop for the locking hook when the latter is in the unlocking position.

Brève description des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, faite en référence aux dessins annexés, donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue schématique d'ensemble d'un wagon ferroviaire pour le transport combiné rail/route d'une charge routière et comprenant deux plateformes d'extrémité équipées de bogies et supportant une structure pivotante porteuse de la charge routière ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue de profil d'un wagon ferroviaire selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue de détail de la partie encerclée sur la figure 2 ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue similaire à la figure 3, dans laquelle la plateforme d'extrémité et la structure pivotante sont dissociées ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue en coupe du détail de la figure 3, dans laquelle un dispositif de verrouillage de la structure pivotante avec la plateforme d'extrémité est en position de verrouillage ;
  • la figure 6 est une vue similaire à la figure 5, dans laquelle le dispositif de verrouillage est en position de déverrouillage ;
  • la figure 7 est une vue partielle en perspective d'une plateforme d'extrémité selon l'invention illustrant le dispositif de verrouillage selon l'invention ;
  • les figures 8 et 9 sont des vue de détail illustrant des butées de rotation pour les crochets femelles de la structure pivotante selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 10 est une vue partielle en perspective d'un wagon ferroviaire selon l'invention comprenant un dispositif de centrage et de sécurité selon une première variante de l'invention ;
  • la figure 11 est une vue de détail du dispositif de centrage et de sécurité encerclé sur la figure 10 ;
  • la figure 12 est une vue de détail en perspective de dessus de la partie mâle du dispositif de centrage et de sécurité de la figure 10 ;
  • la figure 13 est une vue en perspective de dessous de la partie mâle du dispositif de centrage et de sécurité de la figure 10 ;
  • la figure 14 est une vue de détail en perspective de dessus de la partie femelle du dispositif de centrage et de sécurité de la figure 10 ;
  • la figure 15 est une vue partielle en perspective de dessus d'un wagon ferroviaire selon l'invention comprenant un dispositif de centrage et de sécurité selon une seconde variante de l'invention ;
  • la figure 16 est une vue partielle en perspective de dessous du wagon ferroviaire de la figure 15 ;
  • la figure 17 est une vue partielle en perspective de dessus d'une structure pivotante comprenant les éléments mâles du dispositif de centrage et de sécurité selon la seconde variante de l'invention ;
  • la figure 18 est une vue partielle en perspective de dessous d'une plateforme d'extrémité comprenant les éléments femelles du dispositif de centrage et de sécurité selon la seconde variante de l'invention ;
  • la figure 19 est une vue partielle en perspective de dessus d'un wagon ferroviaire selon l'invention comprenant un dispositif de centrage et de sécurité selon une troisième variante de l'invention ;
  • la figure 20 est une vue partielle en perspective de dessous du wagon ferroviaire de la figure 19 ;
  • la figure 21 est une vue de détail en perspective de dessus de la partie mâle du dispositif de centrage et de sécurité de la figure 20 ;
  • la figure 22 est une vue de détail en perspective de dessus de la partie femelle du dispositif de centrage et de sécurité de la figure 20 ;
  • la figure 23 est une vue de détail en perspective de dessous de la partie femelle du dispositif de centrage et de sécurité de la figure 20 ;
  • la figure 24 est une vue partielle en perspective de dessus d'un wagon ferroviaire selon l'invention comprenant un dispositif de centrage et de sécurité selon une quatrième variante de l'invention ;
  • la figure 25 est une vue partielle en perspective de dessous du wagon ferroviaire de la figure 24 ;
  • la figure 26 est une vue de détail en perspective de dessus de la partie mâle du dispositif de centrage et de sécurité de la figure 24 ; et
  • la figure 27 est une vue de détail en perspective de dessus de la partie femelle du dispositif de centrage et de sécurité de la figure 24.
Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will appear more clearly on reading the description which follows, given with reference to the appended drawings, given by way of nonlimiting examples, in which:
  • the figure 1 is a schematic overview of a railway wagon for combined rail / road transport of a road load and comprising two end platforms equipped with bogies and supporting a pivoting structure carrying the road load;
  • the figure 2 is a side view of a rail car according to the invention;
  • the figure 3 is a detail view of the part circled on the figure 2 ;
  • the figure 4 is a view similar to the figure 3 , in which the end platform and the pivoting structure are dissociated;
  • the figure 5 is a sectional view of the detail of the figure 3 , in which a device for locking the pivoting structure with the end platform is in the locked position;
  • the figure 6 is a view similar to the figure 5 , in which the locking device is in the unlocking position;
  • the figure 7 is a partial perspective view of an end platform according to the invention illustrating the locking device according to the invention;
  • the Figures 8 and 9 are detailed views illustrating rotation stops for the female hooks of the pivoting structure according to the invention;
  • the figure 10 is a partial perspective view of a railway wagon according to the invention comprising a centering and safety device according to a first variant of the invention;
  • the figure 11 is a detail view of the centering and safety device encircled on the figure 10 ;
  • the figure 12 is a detailed perspective view from above of the male part of the centering and safety device of the figure 10 ;
  • the figure 13 is a perspective view from below of the male part of the centering and safety device of the figure 10 ;
  • the figure 14 is a detail view in perspective from above of the female part of the centering and safety device of the figure 10 ;
  • the figure 15 is a partial perspective view from above of a railway wagon according to the invention comprising a centering and safety device according to a second variant of the invention;
  • the figure 16 is a partial perspective view from below of the railway wagon of the figure 15 ;
  • the figure 17 is a partial perspective view from above of a pivoting structure comprising the male elements of the centering and safety device according to the second variant of the invention;
  • the figure 18 is a partial perspective view from below of an end platform comprising the female elements of the centering and safety device according to the second variant of the invention;
  • the figure 19 is a partial perspective view from above of a railway wagon according to the invention comprising a centering and safety device according to a third variant of the invention;
  • the figure 20 is a partial perspective view from below of the railway wagon of the figure 19 ;
  • the figure 21 is a detailed perspective view from above of the male part of the centering and safety device of the figure 20 ;
  • the figure 22 is a detail view in perspective from above of the female part of the centering and safety device of the figure 20 ;
  • the figure 23 is a detailed perspective view from below of the female part of the centering and safety device of the figure 20 ;
  • the figure 24 is a partial perspective view from above of a railway wagon according to the invention comprising a centering and safety device according to a fourth variant of the invention;
  • the figure 25 is a partial perspective view from below of the railway wagon of the figure 24 ;
  • the figure 26 is a detailed perspective view from above of the male part of the centering and safety device of the figure 24 ; and
  • the figure 27 is a detail view in perspective from above of the female part of the centering and safety device of the figure 24 .

Mode(s) de réalisation de l'inventionMode (s) of Carrying Out the Invention

Les éléments structurellement et fonctionnellement identiques présents sur plusieurs figures distinctes, sont affectés d'une même référence numérique ou alphanumérique.The structurally and functionally identical elements present in several separate figures are assigned the same numerical or alphanumeric reference.

Le wagon ferroviaire (1) selon l'invention est prévu pour le transport combiné rail/route et le chargement/déchargement d'une charge routière, de préférence une semi-remorque. Un tel wagon ferroviaire (1) est représenté de manière simplifié sur la figure 1.The rail car (1) according to the invention is intended for combined rail / road transport and loading / unloading of a road load, preferably a semi-trailer. Such a railway wagon (1) is shown in simplified form on the figure 1 .

Il comprend deux plateformes d'extrémité (2) reliées par un tirant (3) et équipées de bogies (4). C'est cet ensemble (2, 3) qui permet au wagon ferroviaire (1) selon l'invention de circuler sur des rails. Le tirant (3) est relié à chaque plateforme d'extrémité (2) par un organe de liaison (non représenté). Chacun de ces organes de liaison est préférentiellement situé au niveau du tirant (3), en partie basse de chacune des plateformes d'extrémité (2).It includes two end platforms (2) connected by a tie rod (3) and equipped with bogies (4). It is this assembly (2, 3) which allows the railway wagon (1) according to the invention to run on rails. The tie rod (3) is connected to each end platform (2) by a connecting member (not shown). Each of these connecting members is preferably located at the level of the tie rod (3), in the lower part of each of the end platforms (2).

Cet ensemble (2, 3) formé par les plateformes d'extrémité (2) et le tirant (3) supportent une structure pivotante (5) porteuse de la charge routière. Le tirant (3) est équipé d'un pivot (6) qui permet à la structure pivotante (5) d'être animée d'un mouvement de pivotement aller et retour, dans un plan horizontal, vers et au-delà d'un quai entre une position de transport selon l'axe longitudinal du wagon ferroviaire (1) et une position de chargement/déchargement oblique ou perpendiculaire par rapport à la position de transport.This assembly (2, 3) formed by the end platforms (2) and the tie (3) support a pivoting structure (5) carrying the road load. The tie rod (3) is equipped with a pivot (6) which allows the pivoting structure (5) to be animated with a back and forth pivoting movement, in a horizontal plane, towards and beyond a platform between a transport position along the longitudinal axis of the railway wagon (1) and a loading / unloading position oblique or perpendicular to the transport position.

Ainsi, en position de chargement/déchargement les extrémités de la structure pivotante (5) sont ouvertes et accessibles depuis le quai pour permettre à l'utilisateur de charger ou décharger une charge routière sur ou en dehors de ladite structure pivotante (5).Thus, in the loading / unloading position, the ends of the pivoting structure (5) are open and accessible from the quay to allow the user to load or unload a road load on or outside said pivoting structure (5).

En position de transport, la structure pivotante (5) et les deux plateformes d'extrémité (2) sont mutuellement associées et alignées selon l'axe longitudinal du wagon ferroviaire (1) et les extrémités de la structure pivotante (5) sont fermées par les plateformes d'extrémité (2).In the transport position, the pivoting structure (5) and the two end platforms (2) are mutually associated and aligned along the longitudinal axis of the rail car (1) and the ends of the pivoting structure (5) are closed by the end platforms (2).

Lorsque la structure pivotante (5) est en position de transport, un mécanisme de levage extérieur au wagon permet de déplacer verticalement la structure pivotante (5) par rapport aux deux plateformes d'extrémités (2), de sorte que ladite structure pivotante (5) soit dissociée des deux plateformes d'extrémité (2) et puisse librement pivoter par rapport à celles-ci. La structure pivotante (5) peut ainsi adopter une position haute et une position basse.When the pivoting structure (5) is in the transport position, a lifting mechanism external to the wagon makes it possible to vertically move the pivoting structure (5) relative to the two end platforms (2), so that said pivoting structure (5 ) is dissociated from the two end platforms (2) and can freely pivot relative to them. The pivoting structure (5) can thus adopt a high position and a low position.

Généralement, la structure pivotante (5) comprend un plateau de chargement (7) horizontal bordé longitudinalement par deux parois latérales (8) de protection délimitées vers le haut par des longerons supérieurs (9). Ces longerons supérieurs (9) permettent habituellement de rigidifier et de supporter la structure pivotante (5).Generally, the pivoting structure (5) comprises a horizontal loading plate (7) bordered longitudinally by two side walls (8) of protection delimited upwards by upper side members (9). These upper beams (9) usually allow to stiffen and support the pivoting structure (5).

Le wagon ferroviaire (1) selon l'invention comprend également deux systèmes de liaison (10) prévus pour assembler de façon dissociable la structure pivotante (5) et les deux plateformes d'extrémité (2) lorsque la structure pivotante (5) est en position de transport. Chaque système de liaison (10) est ainsi prévu entre chacune des plateformes d'extrémité (2) et la structure pivotante (5), au niveau des extrémités en regard de ces éléments (2, 5).The railway wagon (1) according to the invention also comprises two connection systems (10) provided for dissociably assembling the pivoting structure (5) and the two end platforms (2) when the pivoting structure (5) is in transport position. Each connection system (10) is thus provided between each of the end platforms (2) and the pivoting structure (5), at the ends opposite these elements (2, 5).

La présente invention s'intéresse à améliorer les systèmes de liaison (10) existants pour ce type de wagon ferroviaire (1).The present invention seeks to improve the existing connection systems (10) for this type of rail car (1).

Le système de liaison (10) va donc être décrit ici pour une des plateformes d'extrémité (2). Il sera préférentiellement similaire pour l'autre plateforme d'extrémité (2).The connection system (10) will therefore be described here for one of the end platforms (2). It will preferably be similar for the other end platform (2).

Chaque système de liaison (10) comprend une paire de crochets (11) ouverts vers le haut, orientés longitudinalement et situés sur la plateforme d'extrémité (2). Ces crochets (11) ouverts vers le haut sont situés chacun sur la plateforme d'extrémité (2) au niveau de son extrémité en regard de la structure pivotante (5). Chacun des crochets (11) ouverts vers le haut est situé au niveau de chacun des coins supérieurs (12) de la plateforme d'extrémité (2). Ces crochets (11) ouverts vers le haut, dénommés également « crochets mâles », comportent chacun une pièce (13) en saillie vers le haut qui peut être équipée de fourrures (14) préférentiellement réalisées en cuivre sur leurs faces orientées selon l'axe longitudinal du wagon ferroviaire (1). Préférentiellement, ces fourrures (14) se prolongent également sur la face du dessus de la pièce (13) en saillie vers le haut.Each connection system (10) comprises a pair of hooks (11) open upwards, oriented longitudinally and located on the end platform (2). These hooks (11) open upwards are each located on the end platform (2) at its end opposite the pivoting structure (5). Each of the hooks (11) open upwards is located at each of the upper corners (12) of the end platform (2). These hooks (11) open upwards, also called “male hooks”, each comprise a part (13) projecting upwards which can be fitted with furs (14) preferably made of copper on their faces oriented along the axis. longitudinal of the rail car (1). Preferably, these furs (14) also extend on the top face of the part (13) projecting upwards.

Chaque système de liaison (10) comprend également une paire de crochets (15) ouverts vers le bas, orientés longitudinalement et situés sur la structure pivotante (5). Ces crochets (15) ouverts vers le bas sont situés chacun sur la structure pivotante (5) au niveau de son extrémité en regard de la plateforme d'extrémité (2). Chacun des crochets (15) ouverts vers le bas est situé au niveau de chacun des coins supérieurs (16) de la structure pivotante (5). Ces crochets (15) ouverts vers le bas, dénommés également « crochets femelles », comportent chacun une découpe réceptrice (17) ouverte vers le bas de forme sensiblement complémentaire de la pièce (13) en saillie vers le haut de chaque crochet (11) ouvert vers le haut.Each connection system (10) also comprises a pair of hooks (15) open downwards, oriented longitudinally and located on the pivoting structure (5). These hooks (15) open downwards are each located on the pivoting structure (5) at its end opposite the end platform (2). Each of the hooks (15) open downwards is located at each of the upper corners (16) of the pivoting structure (5). These hooks (15) open at the bottom, also called “female hooks”, each include a receiving cutout (17) open at the bottom of a shape substantially complementary to the part (13) projecting upwards from each hook (11) open up.

Les crochets (15) ouverts vers le bas sont prévus chacun pour s'engager avec et reposer par le dessus sur les crochets (11) ouverts vers le haut de la plateforme d'extrémité (2) lorsque la structure pivotante (5) est en position de transport. Les fourrures (14) des crochets (11) ouverts vers le haut présentent un léger angle par rapport à la verticale de sorte que chaque pièce (13) en saillie présente un profil plus large à sa base par rapport à sa partie supérieure, ce qui permet de guider et faciliter l'engagement de la pièce (13) en saillie de chaque crochet (11) ouvert vers le haut dans la découpe réceptrice (17) de chaque crochet (15) ouvert vers le bas.The hooks (15) open at the bottom are each intended to engage with and rest from above on the hooks (11) open towards the top of the end platform (2) when the pivoting structure (5) is in transport position. The furs (14) of the hooks (11) open upwards have a slight angle relative to the vertical so that each projecting part (13) has a wider profile at its base relative to its upper part, which allows to guide and facilitate the engagement of the part (13) projecting from each hook (11) open upwards in the receiving cutout (17) of each hook (15) open downwards.

Les pièces (13) en saillie vers le haut et les découpes réceptrices (17) ouvertes vers le bas présentent préférentiellement un profil de forme sensiblement rectangulaire.The parts (13) projecting upwards and the receiving cutouts (17) open downwards preferably have a profile of substantially rectangular shape.

L'engagement mutuel des crochets (15) ouverts vers le bas et des crochets (11) ouverts vers le haut permet de solidariser la plateforme d'extrémité (2) et la structure pivotante (5) dans leur partie supérieure.The mutual engagement of the hooks (15) open at the bottom and the hooks (11) open at the top makes it possible to secure the end platform (2) and the pivoting structure (5) in their upper part.

Chaque système de liaison (10) comprend aussi une paire de pièces de butée (18) situées en partie inférieure de la plateforme d'extrémité (2) de l'extrémité. Chaque pièce de butée (18) se prolonge en proéminence en direction de la structure pivotante (5) de sorte à venir en appui sur une surface réceptrice (19) située en partie inférieure de la structure pivotante (5) et de maintenir un écartement fixe entre la plateforme d'extrémité (2) et la structure pivotante (5) lorsque la structure pivotante (5) est en position de transport. Chaque pièce de butée (18) comprend préférentiellement une pièce de calage (20) fixée sur la plateforme d'extrémité (2) en partie inférieure de celle-ci, et sur laquelle est fixée une fourrure (21), préférentiellement en cuivre, cette fourrure (21) étant prévue pour venir en contact contre la surface réceptrice (19) située en partie inférieure de la structure pivotante (5). L'épaisseur de la pièce de calage (20) permet de régler le jeu fonctionnel de la structure pivotante (5) par rapport à la plateforme d'extrémité (2). Elle permet également de régler l'assiette de la structure pivotante (5) afin de s'assurer notamment que le plateau de chargement (7) de celle-ci soit situé dans un plan horizontal. L'épaisseur de chaque pièce de calage (20) est préférentiellement choisie en usine lors de la fabrication du wagon ferroviaire (1) selon l'invention afin d'effectuer les réglages susmentionnés.Each connection system (10) also comprises a pair of stop pieces (18) located in the lower part of the end platform (2) of the end. Each abutment piece (18) extends prominently in the direction of the pivoting structure (5) so as to bear on a receiving surface (19) located in the lower part of the pivoting structure (5) and to maintain a fixed spacing between the end platform (2) and the pivoting structure (5) when the pivoting structure (5) is in the transport position. Each abutment piece (18) preferably comprises a wedging piece (20) fixed on the end platform (2) in the lower part thereof, and on which is fixed a fur (21), preferably made of copper, this fur (21) being provided to come into contact against the receiving surface (19) located in the lower part of the pivoting structure (5). The thickness of the wedging piece (20) makes it possible to adjust the functional clearance of the pivoting structure (5) relative to the end platform (2). It also makes it possible to adjust the attitude of the pivoting structure (5) in order to ensure in particular that the loading plate (7) thereof is located in a horizontal plane. The thickness of each wedging piece (20) is preferably chosen in the factory during the manufacture of the railway wagon (1) according to the invention in order to carry out the above-mentioned adjustments.

On notera que de chaque côté du système de liaison (10), les crochets (15) ouverts vers le bas, les crochets (11) ouverts vers le haut et les pièces de butée (18) sont prévus sensiblement dans le même plan vertical que celui des parois latérales (8) et des longerons supérieurs (9) de la structure pivotante (5). Ainsi, ces éléments (11, 15, 18) sont prévus à proximité immédiate des flancs latéraux de la plateforme d'extrémité (2) et de la structure pivotante (5), pour un écartement maximal entre chaque éléments (11, 15, 18) au sein d'une même paire de crochets (15) ouverts vers le bas, de crochets (11) ouverts vers le haut et de pièces de butée (18). Cette configuration permet d'améliorer l'effort de retenue dans le plan horizontal de ladite plateforme d'extrémité (2) avec ladite structure pivotante (5).It will be noted that on each side of the connection system (10), the hooks (15) open downwards, the hooks (11) open upwards and the stop parts (18) are provided in substantially the same vertical plane as that of the side walls (8) and the upper side members (9) of the pivoting structure (5). Thus, these elements (11, 15, 18) are provided in the immediate vicinity of the lateral flanks of the end platform (2) and of the pivoting structure (5), for maximum spacing between each elements (11, 15, 18 ) within the same pair of hooks (15) open at the bottom, hooks (11) open at the top and stop parts (18). This configuration improves the retaining force in the horizontal plane of said end platform (2) with said pivoting structure (5).

On notera également que chaque système de liaison (10) ne comprend pas de crochets ouverts dans chacun des coins inférieurs des extrémités en regard de ladite plateforme d'extrémité (2) et de ladite structure pivotante (5), une paire de pièces de butée (18) venant à la place de ces crochets.It will also be noted that each connection system (10) does not include hooks open in each of the lower corners of the ends opposite said end platform (2) and said pivoting structure (5), a pair of stop pieces (18) coming in place of these hooks.

Chaque système de liaison (10) comprend en outre un dispositif de retenue (22) prévu pour sécuriser l'assemblage de la structure pivotante (5) et les deux plateformes d'extrémité (2) lorsque la structure pivotante (5) est en position de transport. Ce dispositif de retenue (22) comporte au moins un mécanisme de verrouillage (23) qui verrouille la structure pivotante (5) avec ladite plateforme d'extrémité (2) lorsque la structure pivotante (5) est en position de transport.Each connection system (10) further comprises a retaining device (22) provided for securing the assembly of the pivoting structure (5) and the two end platforms (2) when the pivoting structure (5) is in position transport. This retaining device (22) comprises at least one locking mechanism (23) which locks the pivoting structure (5) with said end platform (2) when the pivoting structure (5) is in the transport position.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention représenté sur les figures 5 à 9, le dispositif de retenue (22) comprend deux mécanismes de verrouillage (23) prévus chacun de chaque côtés de la plateforme d'extrémité (2) et de la structure pivotante (5). Chaque mécanisme de verrouillage (23) comprend un crochet de verrouillage (24) prévu pour venir s'engager en verrouillage sur un axe de préhension (25). Le crochet de verrouillage (24) est monté sur la plateforme d'extrémité (2) et prévu pivotant dans un plan vertical situé selon l'axe longitudinal du wagon ferroviaire (1) pour venir s'engager en verrouillage sur l'axe de préhension (25) monté sur la structure pivotante (5) et prévu transversal à l'axe longitudinal du wagon ferroviaire (1).According to a preferred embodiment of the invention shown in the Figures 5 to 9 , the retaining device (22) comprises two locking mechanisms (23) each provided on each side of the end platform (2) and of the pivoting structure (5). Each locking mechanism (23) includes a locking hook (24) designed to engage in locking on a gripping axis (25). The locking hook (24) is mounted on the end platform (2) and provided for pivoting in a vertical plane situated along the longitudinal axis of the railway wagon (1) in order to engage in locking on the gripping axis (25) mounted on the pivoting structure (5) and provided transverse to the longitudinal axis of the railway wagon (1).

Chaque mécanisme de verrouillage (23) comprend un ressort (26) qui pousse le crochet de verrouillage (24) en position de verrouillage. Chaque mécanisme de verrouillage (23) comprend également un actionneur (27), de préférence pneumatique, prévu pour faire basculer le crochet de verrouillage (24) en position de déverrouillage. L'effort de l'actionneur (27) est suffisant pour vaincre l'effort du ressort (26).Each locking mechanism (23) includes a spring (26) which urges the locking hook (24) into the locking position. Each locking mechanism (23) also includes an actuator (27), preferably pneumatic, designed to tilt the locking hook (24) in the unlocking position. The force of the actuator (27) is sufficient to overcome the force of the spring (26).

Ainsi, en cas de défaillance d'un actionneur (27) ou de son énergie, le crochet de verrouillage (24) reste en position de verrouillage. De même, pour une meilleure sécurité du mécanisme de verrouillage (23), les deux crochets de verrouillage (24) sont mutuellement reliés par une barre de torsion (28) qui s'étend transversalement à l'axe longitudinal du wagon ferroviaire (1) et qui permet de redonder les deux ressorts (26). Lors du contrôle d'aptitude au transport du wagon ferroviaire (1), cette barre de torsion (28) permet également de connaître la position des crochets de verrouillage (24) en n'observant qu'un seul côté du wagon ferroviaire (1).Thus, in the event of an actuator (27) or its energy failing, the locking hook (24) remains in the locking position. Similarly, for better security of the locking mechanism (23), the two locking hooks (24) are mutually connected by a torsion bar (28) which extends transversely to the longitudinal axis of the rail car (1) and which allows the two springs (26) to be redundant. When checking the transport capacity of the rail car (1), this torsion bar (28) also makes it possible to know the position of the locking hooks (24) by observing only one side of the rail car (1) .

Les crochets de verrouillage (24) sont préférentiellement prévus sur les flancs latéraux externes de la plateforme d'extrémité (2), au niveau des crochets ouverts vers le haut (11), sous le niveau de la face supérieure de chaque pièce (13) en saillie vers le haut.The locking hooks (24) are preferably provided on the external lateral flanks of the end platform (2), at the hooks open upwards (11), below the level of the upper face of each piece (13) protruding upwards.

Chaque système de liaison (10) comprend également un dispositif de centrage (29) qui guide la structure pivotante (5) lorsqu'elle arrive en position de transport, l'aligne et la maintient alignée en position de transport avec ladite plateforme d'extrémité (2) selon l'axe longitudinal du wagon ferroviaire (1).Each connection system (10) also comprises a centering device (29) which guides the pivoting structure (5) when it arrives in the transport position, aligns it and keeps it aligned in the transport position with said end platform. (2) along the longitudinal axis of the rail car (1).

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, le dispositif de centrage (29) comprend un doigt de centrage (30) prévu sur la plateforme d'extrémité (2) en partie basse de celle-ci, sur la face en regard de la structure pivotante (5). Le doigt de centrage (30) se prolonge en proéminence en direction de la structure pivotante (5) afin d'être reçu dans un logement récepteur (31) prévu dans la structure pivotante (5) en partie basse de celle-ci, sur la face en regard de la plateforme d'extrémité (2). Le doigt de centrage (30) et le logement récepteur (31) sont prévus préférentiellement centrés au niveau de l'axe longitudinal médian du wagon ferroviaire (1), c'est-à-dire qu'ils sont chacun situés sensiblement au milieu des faces transversales en regard de la plateforme d'extrémité (2) et de la structure pivotante (5).According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the centering device (29) comprises a centering finger (30) provided on the end platform (2) at the bottom of the latter, on the opposite face of the pivoting structure (5). The centering finger (30) extends prominently in the direction of the pivoting structure (5) in order to be received in a receiving housing (31) provided in the pivoting structure (5) in the lower part thereof, on the opposite face of the end platform (2). The centering finger (30) and the receiving housing (31) are preferably provided centered at the level of the median longitudinal axis of the rail car (1), that is to say that they are each located substantially in the middle of the transverse faces opposite the end platform (2) and the pivoting structure (5).

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, le doigt de centrage (30) et le logement récepteur (31) sont situés respectivement sur la structure pivotante (5) et sur la structure d'extrémité (2).According to another embodiment, the centering finger (30) and the receiving housing (31) are located respectively on the pivoting structure (5) and on the end structure (2).

Le doigt de centrage (30) présente préférentiellement une partie supérieure effilée de sorte à guider la descente de la structure pivotante (5) lorsqu'elle arrive en position de transport de sorte que le doigt de centrage (30) pénètre par en-dessous dans le logement récepteur (31) de la plateforme d'extrémité (2). Sur chacun de ses flancs transversaux, le doigt de centrage (30) présente préférentiellement des fourrures (32) dont la partie supérieure est tronquée de manière à donner sa forme effilée au doigt de centrage (30).The centering finger (30) preferably has a tapered upper part so as to guide the descent of the pivoting structure (5) when it arrives in the transport position so that the centering finger (30) penetrates from below into the receiving housing (31) of the end platform (2). On each of its transverse sides, the centering finger (30) preferably has furs (32) whose upper part is truncated so as to give its tapered shape to the centering finger (30).

Enfin, chaque système de liaison (10) comprend en outre un dispositif de sécurité (33) qui relie la structure pivotante (5) à la plateforme d'extrémité (2) et assure la traction entre ces deux éléments lorsque la structure pivotante (5) est en position de transport et en cas de défaillance d'un des organes de liaison reliant les deux plateformes d'extrémité (2) au tirant (3) en mode nominal. Par mode nominal, de manière courante, on entend un mode de fonctionnement normal qui ne résulte d'aucune défaillance.Finally, each connection system (10) further comprises a safety device (33) which connects the pivoting structure (5) to the end platform (2) and provides traction between these two elements when the pivoting structure (5 ) is in the transport position and in the event of failure of one of the connecting members connecting the two end platforms (2) to the tie rod (3) in nominal mode. The term “nominal mode” commonly means a normal operating mode which does not result from any failure.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, des organes de liaison (non représentés) sont prévus entre chacune des deux plateformes d'extrémité (2) et le tirant (3), en partie basse des plateformes d'extrémité (2), afin de relier la structure pivotante (5) à la plateforme d'extrémité (2) lorsque la structure pivotante (5) est en position de transport. Lorsque ces organes de liaison sont défaillants, les deux plateformes d'extrémité (2) restent raccordées à la structure pivotante (5) par les crochets (15) ouverts vers le bas et les crochets (11) ouverts vers le haut, mais comme elles ne sont plus correctement reliées au tirant (3), leur partie inférieure est susceptible de basculer vers le bas, tout comme le tirant (3), ce qui peut provoquer de graves accidents. Ce basculement vers le bas d'une plateforme d'extrémité (2) peut également provoquer le désengagement du doigt de centrage (30) en dehors du logement récepteur (31). La structure pivotante (5) et la plateforme d'extrémité (2) ne sont alors plus maintenues centrées et les crochets (15) ouverts vers le bas et les crochets (11) ouverts vers le haut sont susceptibles de se désengager, ce qui peut provoquer de graves accidents, notamment une rupture du wagon ferroviaire (1) au niveau du système de liaison (10).According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, connecting members (not shown) are provided between each of the two end platforms (2) and the tie rod (3), in the lower part of the end platforms (2) , in order to connect the pivoting structure (5) to the end platform (2) when the pivoting structure (5) is in the transport position. When these connecting members fail, the two end platforms (2) remain connected to the pivoting structure (5) by the hooks (15) open downwards and the hooks (11) open upwards, but as they are no longer correctly connected to the tie rod (3), their lower part is liable to tip down, just like the tie rod (3), which can cause serious accidents. This downward tilting of an end platform (2) can also cause the disengagement of the centering finger (30) outside the receiving housing (31). The pivoting structure (5) and the end platform (2) are no longer kept centered and the hooks (15) open downwards and the hooks (11) open upwards are liable to disengage, which can cause serious accidents, in particular a rupture of the railway wagon (1) at the connection system (10).

Le dispositif de sécurité (33) a pour but de maintenir la partie inférieure de la plateforme d'extrémité (2) avec la partie inférieure de la structure pivotante (5) et d'éviter la rupture du wagon ferroviaire (1) au niveau du système de liaison (10) en cas défaillance d'un des organes de liaison reliant les deux plateformes d'extrémité (2) au tirant (3) en mode nominal.The purpose of the safety device (33) is to hold the lower part of the end platform (2) with the lower part of the pivoting structure (5) and to prevent the rail wagon (1) from breaking at the level of the link system (10) in the event of failure of one of the link members connecting the two end platforms (2) to the tie rod (3) in nominal mode.

Lorsqu'aucun de ces organes de liaison n'est défaillant, le dispositif de sécurité (33) n'est pas utilisé et ne produit aucun effet.When none of these connecting members fails, the device (33) is not used and has no effect.

En cas de défaillance d'un des organes de liaison, le dispositif de sécurité (33) assure au moins la liaison en traction de la plateforme d'extrémité (2) par la partie inférieure de la structure pivotante (5), ou inversement.In the event of failure of one of the connecting members, the safety device (33) ensures at least the connection in traction of the end platform (2) by the lower part of the pivoting structure (5), or vice versa.

Dans ce but, le dispositif de sécurité (33) comprend préférentiellement au moins un organe mâle (34) monté en partie inférieure de la plateforme d'extrémité (2) et prévu pour être logé dans au moins un organe récepteur femelle (35) prévue en partie inférieure de la structure pivotante (5).For this purpose, the safety device (33) preferably comprises at least one male member (34) mounted in the lower part of the end platform (2) and designed to be housed in at least one female receiving member (35) provided in the lower part of the pivoting structure (5).

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, l'organe mâle (34) et l'organe récepteur (35) sont situés respectivement sur la structure pivotante (5) et sur la structure d'extrémité (2).According to another embodiment, the male member (34) and the receiving member (35) are located respectively on the pivoting structure (5) and on the end structure (2).

En mode nominal, cet organe mâle (34) n'est pas en contact avec l'organe récepteur femelle (35). C'est seulement en cas de défaillance d'un des organes de liaison que l'organe mâle (34) entre en contact avec une zone de contact (36) de l'organe récepteur femelle (35) pour assurer la traction entre la plateforme d'extrémité (2) et la structure pivotante (5) dans leur partie inférieure.In nominal mode, this male member (34) is not in contact with the female receiving member (35). It is only in the event of failure of one of the connecting members that the male member (34) comes into contact with a contact zone (36) of the female receiving member (35) to ensure traction between the platform end (2) and the pivoting structure (5) in their lower part.

Plusieurs variantes peuvent être envisagées pour le dispositif de sécurité (33).Several variants can be envisaged for the security device (33).

Selon une variante de l'invention représentée sur les figures 10 à 14 et 17 à 27, le dispositif de sécurité (33) peut également remplir le rôle de centrage du dispositif de centrage (29) et ces deux dispositifs peuvent être sous la forme d'un seul et même dispositif de centrage et de sécurité (29, 33).According to a variant of the invention shown in the figures 10 to 14 and 17 to 27 , the safety device (33) can also fulfill the role of centering of the centering device (29) and these two devices can be in the form of a single centering and safety device (29, 33).

Selon la variante de l'invention représentée sur les figures 10 à 14, l'organe mâle (34) du dispositif de sécurité (33) se présente sous la forme d'un doigt de centrage (30) dont l'extrémité libre comporte une pièce d'ancrage (37) se prolongeant transversalement de chacun des côtés de l'extrémité libre du doigt de centrage (30). Sur ces figures, la pièce d'ancrage (37) se présente sous la forme générale d'un crochet de type ancre et l'organe récepteur femelle (35) présente une forme générale complémentaire à la pièce d'ancrage (37) et est ouvert à la fois dans sa face supérieure et dans sa face inférieure. Sur les vues de détail des figures 12 et 13, on pourra noter que le doigt de centrage (30) présente en partie inférieure des supports latéraux (38) se prolongeant latéralement en proéminence afin de supporter les fourrures (32) du doigt de centrage (30) lorsqu'elles subissent un effort vertical dirigé vers le bas.According to the variant of the invention shown in the figures 10 to 14 , the male member (34) of the safety device (33) is in the form of a centering finger (30), the free end of which comprises an anchoring piece (37) extending transversely on each side from the free end of the centering finger (30). In these figures, the anchor piece (37) is in the general form of an anchor-type hook and the female receiving member (35) has a general shape complementary to the anchor piece (37) and is open both in its upper face and in its lower face. On the detail views of figures 12 and 13 , it will be noted that the centering finger (30) has in the lower part lateral supports (38) extending laterally in prominence in order to support the furs (32) of the centering finger (30) when they are subjected to a directed vertical force down.

Selon la variante de l'invention représentée sur les figures 15 à 18, le dispositif de sécurité (33) et le dispositif de centrage (29) sont distincts. Selon cette variante, le doigt de centrage (30) est une simple pièce de forme générale parallélépipédique comportant des supports latéraux (38) pour les fourrures (32), tandis que dispositif de sécurité (33) comprend deux organes mâles (34) sous la forme de crochets (39) dont la partie libre est recourbée vers le haut pour venir pénétrer par en dessous dans des organes récepteurs femelles (35) prévus en sous-face de la structure pivotante (5). Dans cette variante, les organes récepteurs femelles (35) sont sous la forme de simples logements (40) présentant une face ouverte vers le bas. Les organes mâles (34) et les organes récepteurs femelles (35) sont prévus excentrés latéralement par rapport au dispositif de centrage (29). Dans cette variante, le doigt de centrage (30) et organes mâles (34) se prolongent en proéminence depuis la plateforme d'extrémité (2) en partie inférieure de celle-ci en direction de la structure pivotante (5).According to the variant of the invention shown in the figures 15 to 18 , the safety device (33) and the centering device (29) are separate. According to this variant, the centering finger (30) is a simple piece of general shape rectangular with lateral supports (38) for the furs (32), while the safety device (33) comprises two male members (34) in the form of hooks (39) the free part of which is bent upwards to penetrate from below in female receiving members (35) provided on the underside of the pivoting structure (5). In this variant, the female receiving members (35) are in the form of simple housings (40) having an open face downwards. The male members (34) and the female receiving members (35) are provided offset laterally with respect to the centering device (29). In this variant, the centering finger (30) and male members (34) extend in prominence from the end platform (2) in the lower part thereof in the direction of the pivoting structure (5).

Selon la variante de l'invention représentée sur les figures 19 à 23, le dispositif de sécurité (33) et le dispositif de centrage (29) sont sous la forme d'un seul et même dispositif de centrage et de sécurité (29, 33). Dans cette variante, l'organe mâle (34) du dispositif de sécurité (33) se présente sous la forme d'un doigt de centrage (30) dont l'extrémité libre présente un crochet (39) recourbé vers le haut pour venir pénétrer par en dessous dans un organe récepteur femelle (35) prévu en sous-face de la structure pivotante (5). Dans cette variante, l'organe récepteur femelle (35) est sous la forme d'un logement (40) présentant à la fois une face ouverte vers le bas et une face ouverte en direction de la plateforme d'extrémité (2) pour laisser pénétrer à la fois le doigt de centrage (30) et l'organe mâle (34). Dans sa face en regard de la plateforme d'extrémité (2), le logement (40) présente un taquet de retenue (41) qui se prolonge vers le bas depuis la face supérieure du logement (40) afin d'être engagé en traction ou en poussée par le crochet (39) en cas de défaillance d'un des organes de liaison reliant les deux plateformes d'extrémité (2) au tirant (3) en mode nominal. Le dispositif de sécurité (33) et le dispositif de centrage (29) sont également retenus verticalement vers le haut par le fond supérieur du logement (40).According to the variant of the invention shown in the Figures 19 to 23 , the safety device (33) and the centering device (29) are in the form of a single centering and safety device (29, 33). In this variant, the male member (34) of the safety device (33) is in the form of a centering finger (30), the free end of which has a hook (39) bent upward to penetrate. from below in a female receiving member (35) provided on the underside of the pivoting structure (5). In this variant, the female receiving member (35) is in the form of a housing (40) having both an open face downward and an open face towards the end platform (2) to leave penetrate both the centering finger (30) and the male member (34). In its face opposite the end platform (2), the housing (40) has a retaining cleat (41) which extends downward from the upper face of the housing (40) in order to be engaged in traction or when pushed by the hook (39) in the event of a failure of one of the connecting members connecting the two end platforms (2) to the tie rod (3) in nominal mode. The safety device (33) and the centering device (29) are also held vertically upwards by the upper bottom of the housing (40).

Selon la variante de l'invention représentée sur les figures 24 à 27, le dispositif de sécurité (33) et le dispositif de centrage (29) sont sous la forme d'un seul et même dispositif de centrage et de sécurité (29, 33). Dans cette variante, l'organe mâle (34) du dispositif de sécurité (33) se présente sous la forme d'un doigt de centrage (30) présentant des axes transversaux (42) dans sa partie médiane, ces axes transversaux (42) se prolongeant latéralement depuis la partie médiane du doigt de centrage (30) à travers les fourrures (32) dudit doigt de centrage (30). Le dispositif de sécurité (33) et le dispositif de centrage (29) adoptent ainsi la forme générale d'une croix dont les branches sont situées dans un plan horizontal, et dont les partie libres sont prévues pour venir à réception dans un organe récepteur femelle (35) prévu en sous-face de la structure pivotante (5). Dans cette variante, l'organe récepteur femelle (35) est sous la forme d'un logement (40) présentant une forme générale de croix complémentaire de la forme du dispositif de sécurité (33) et du dispositif de centrage (29), avec un partie longitudinale (43) et des parties transversales (44) se prolongeant dans un plan horizontal de chaque côté de la partie longitudinale (43). Ce logement (40) en forme de croix présente à la fois une face ouverte vers le bas et une face ouverte en direction de la plateforme d'extrémité (2) pour laisser pénétrer à la fois le doigt de centrage (30) et l'organe mâle (34). En cas de défaillance d'un des organes de liaison reliant les deux plateformes d'extrémité (2) au tirant (3), les axes transversaux (42) du dispositif de sécurité (33) se retrouvent en contact de traction ou de poussée dans les parties transversales (44) du logement (40). Les axes transversaux (42) du dispositif de sécurité (33) sont également retenus verticalement vers le haut par le fond supérieur du logement (40).According to the variant of the invention shown in the figures 24 to 27 , the safety device (33) and the centering device (29) are in the form of a single centering and safety device (29, 33). In this variant, the male member (34) of the safety device (33) is in the form of a centering finger (30) having transverse axes (42) in its middle part, these transverse axes (42) extending laterally from the middle part of the centering finger (30) through the flanges (32) of said centering finger (30). The safety device (33) and the centering device (29) thus adopt the general shape of a cross, the branches of which are located in a horizontal plane, the free parts of which are designed to come into reception in a female receiving member (35) provided on the underside of the pivoting structure (5). In this variant, the female receiving member (35) is in the form of a housing (40) having a general shape of a cross complementary to the shape of the safety device (33) and of the centering device (29), with a longitudinal part (43) and transverse parts (44) extending in a horizontal plane on each side of the longitudinal part (43). This cross-shaped housing (40) has both an open face downward and an open face towards the end platform (2) to allow both the centering finger (30) and the male organ (34). In the event of failure of one of the connecting members connecting the two end platforms (2) to the tie rod (3), the transverse axes (42) of the safety device (33) are found in traction or push contact in the transverse parts (44) of the housing (40). The transverse axes (42) of the safety device (33) are also retained vertically upwards by the upper bottom of the housing (40).

De manière générale, l'organe récepteur femelle (35) présente des dimensions légèrement plus grandes que celles de l'organe récepteur femelle (35) du dispositif de sécurité (33) afin que ces organes (34, 35) ne se trouvent en contact uniquement en cas de défaillance d'un des organes de liaison reliant les deux plateformes d'extrémité (2) au tirant (3) en mode nominal.Generally, the female receiving member (35) has dimensions slightly larger than those of the female receiving member (35) of the safety device (33) so that these members (34, 35) are not in contact only in the event of failure of one of the connecting members connecting the two end platforms (2) to the tie rod (3) in nominal mode.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, chaque système de liaison (10) comprend aussi un dispositif de sécurité supplémentaire (45) qui empêche le désengagement en transversal des crochets (15) ouverts vers le bas avec les crochets (11) ouverts vers le haut. Un exemple de réalisation de ce dispositif de sécurité supplémentaire (45) est représenté sur les figures 7 à 9.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, each connection system (10) also comprises an additional safety device (45) which prevents the transverse disengagement of the hooks (15) open downwards with the hooks (11) open to the top. An exemplary embodiment of this additional safety device (45) is shown in the figures 7 to 9 .

Dans cet exemple, le dispositif de sécurité supplémentaire (45) comprend une butée d'arrêt haute (46) prévue sur le flanc externe d'un des crochets (11) ouverts vers le haut, de préférence au niveau de sa pièce (13) en saillie vers le haut. Cette butée d'arrêt haute (46) présente une partie supérieure (47) se prolongeant vers le haut au-dessus dudit crochet (11) ouvert vers le haut de sorte afin de former une butée d'arrêt latérale pour le crochet (15) ouvert vers le bas prévu pour s'engager avec ledit crochet (11) ouvert vers le haut. Ainsi, la face latérale interne de ladite partie supérieure (47) se prolongeant vers le haut vient en butée contre la face latérale externe du crochet (15) ouvert vers le bas lorsque la structure pivotante (5) est pivotée en position de transport. La butée d'arrêt haute (46) peut également présenter une partie inférieure (48) se prolongeant vers le bas afin de former une butée frontale pour le crochet de verrouillage (24) lorsque celui-ci est en position déverrouillage.In this example, the additional safety device (45) comprises an upper stop (46) provided on the external flank of one of the hooks (11) open upwards, preferably at the level of its part (13) protruding upwards. This upper stopper (46) has an upper part (47) extending upwards above said hook (11) open upwards so as to form a lateral stopper for the hook (15). open downwards intended to engage with said hook (11) open upwards. Thus, the internal lateral face of said upper part (47) extending upwards abuts against the external lateral face of the hook (15) open downwards when the pivoting structure (5) is pivoted in the transport position. The upper stopper (46) can also have a lower part (48) extending downwards in order to form a front stopper for the locking hook (24) when it is in the unlocked position.

Dans cet exemple, le dispositif de sécurité supplémentaire (45) comprend également une butée d'arrêt basse (49) prévue sur le flanc externe de l'autre crochet (11) ouvert vers le haut, de préférence au niveau de sa pièce (13) en saillie vers le haut. Cette butée d'arrêt basse (49) ne présente pas de partie faisant saillie au-dessus dudit crochet (11) ouvert vers le haut de sorte que la structure pivotante (5) puisse passer au-dessus de celle-ci sans qu'un de ses crochets (15) ouverts vers le bas n'arrive en butée contre la butée d'arrêt basse (49) lors du pivotement de la structure pivotante (5). La butée d'arrêt basse (49) présente cependant une partie longitudinale (50) se prolongeant vers l'avant ou vers l'arrière qui vient en butée contre la face latérale externe du crochet (15) ouvert vers le bas lorsque la structure pivotante (5) descend en position de transport. Comme la butée d'arrêt haute (46), la butée d'arrêt basse (49) peut également présenter une partie inférieure (48) se prolongeant vers le bas afin de former une butée frontale pour le crochet de verrouillage (24) lorsque celui-ci est en position déverrouillage.In this example, the additional safety device (45) also comprises a bottom stop (49) provided on the external flank of the other hook (11) open upwards, preferably at the level of its part (13 ) protruding upwards. This low stop (49) has no part projecting above said hook (11) open upwards so that the pivoting structure (5) can pass over it without a of its hooks (15) open towards the bottom does not come into abutment against the bottom stop (49) when the pivoting structure (5) is pivoted. The lower stopper (49) however has a longitudinal part (50) extending forwards or backwards which abuts against the external lateral face of the hook (15) open downwards when the pivoting structure (5) descends to the transport position. Like the upper stopper (46), the lower stopper (49) can also have a lower part (48) extending downwards in order to form a front stopper for the locking hook (24) when that -this is in the unlocked position.

Le côté duquel la butée d'arrêt haute (46) et la butée d'arrêt basse (49) sont montées sur la plateforme d'extrémité (2) dépend bien entendu du sens de rotation dans laquelle la structure pivotante (5) est pivotée en position de transport, la structure pivotante (5), lorsqu'elle est en position haute, pivotant au-dessus de la butée d'arrêt basse (49) pour venir en butée contre la butée d'arrêt haute (46). La plateforme d'extrémité (2) est en butée contre la butée d'arrêt basse (49) uniquement lorsqu'elle redescendue dans sa position basse. Elle est alors maintenue centrée par ses deux butées d'arrêt (46, 49) de manière redondante avec le dispositif de centrage (29)The side on which the upper stopper (46) and the lower stopper (49) are mounted on the end platform (2) depends of course on the direction of rotation in which the pivoting structure (5) is pivoted in the transport position, the pivoting structure (5), when in the high position, pivoting above the low stop (49) to come into abutment against the high stop (46). The end platform (2) abuts against the lower stopper (49) only when it has come back down to its lower position. It is then kept centered by its two stops (46, 49) redundantly with the centering device (29)

La butée d'arrêt haute (46) et la butée d'arrêt basse (49) sont préférentiellement boulonnées sur la face latérale externe de leur crochet (11) ouvert vers le haut respectif.The upper stopper (46) and the lower stopper (49) are preferably bolted to the external side face of their respective hook (11) open upwards.

Lorsqu'elle est en position de transport, la structure pivotante (5) et la plateforme d'extrémité (2) sont bloquées en sécurité selon les six mouvements cinématique possibles :

  • les butées d'arrêt haute et basse (46, 49), ainsi que le dispositif de centrage (29) empêchent de manière redondante le mouvement transversal de la plateforme d'extrémité (2) par rapport à la structure pivotante (5) et inversement ;
  • le crochet de verrouillage (24) empêche le mouvement vers le haut de la structure pivotante (5) par rapport à la plateforme d'extrémité (2) ;
  • l'engagement mutuel des crochets (11) ouverts vers le haut avec les crochets (15) ouverts vers le bas empêche le mouvement longitudinal de la plateforme d'extrémité (2) par rapport à la structure pivotante (5) et réciproquement, ainsi que le mouvement vers le haut de la plateforme d'extrémité (2) par rapport à la structure pivotante (5) ; et
  • selon son mode de réalisation, le dispositif de sécurité (33) peut également empêcher de façon redondante le mouvement vers le haut de la plateforme d'extrémité (2) par rapport à la structure pivotante (5).
When in the transport position, the pivoting structure (5) and the end platform (2) are locked securely according to the six possible kinematic movements:
  • the upper and lower stops (46, 49), as well as the centering device (29) redundantly prevent the transverse movement of the end platform (2) relative to the pivoting structure (5) and vice versa ;
  • the locking hook (24) prevents the upward movement of the pivoting structure (5) relative to the end platform (2);
  • the mutual engagement of the hooks (11) open upwards with the hooks (15) open downwards prevents the longitudinal movement of the end platform (2) relative to the pivoting structure (5) and vice versa, as well as the upward movement of the end platform (2) relative to the pivoting structure (5); and
  • according to its embodiment, the safety device (33) can also redundantly prevent the upward movement of the end platform (2) relative to the pivoting structure (5).

Chaque système de liaison (10) offre ainsi une sécurité maximale.Each link system (10) thus offers maximum security.

On notera que dans l'invention, vu que chaque système de liaison (10) ne comprend des crochets (11, 15) qu'en partie supérieure, le tirant (3) reprend le couple généré par la structure pivotante (5) porteuse de la charge routière.It will be noted that in the invention, since each connection system (10) only includes hooks (11, 15) in the upper part, the tie rod (3) takes up the torque generated by the pivoting structure (5) carrying the road load.

Il est évident que la présente description ne se limite pas aux exemples explicitement décrits, mais comprend également d'autres modes de réalisation et/ou de mise en oeuvre. Ainsi, une caractéristique technique décrite peut être remplacée par une caractéristique technique équivalente sans sortir du cadre de la présente invention tel que défini par les revendications annexées et une étape décrite de mise en oeuvre du procédé peut être remplacée par une étape équivalente sans sortir du cadre de l'invention tel que défini par les revendications.It is obvious that the present description is not limited to the examples explicitly described, but also includes other embodiments and / or implementation. Thus, a technical characteristic described can be replaced by an equivalent technical characteristic without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims and a described step of implementing the method can be replaced by an equivalent step without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.

Claims (12)

Wagon ferroviaire (1) pour le transport combiné rail/route et le chargement/déchargement d'une charge routière, ledit wagon comprenant : • deux plateformes d'extrémité (2) reliées par un tirant (3) et équipées de bogies (4), le tirant (3) étant relié à chaque plateforme d'extrémité (2) par un organe de liaison, • une structure pivotante (5) porteuse de la charge routière située au-dessus du tirant (3), entre les deux plateformes d'extrémité (2), et qui pivote entre une position de transport et une position de chargement/déchargement, • un système de liaison (10) prévu à chaque extrémité de la structure pivotante (5) et à l'extrémité en regard de l'une des deux plateformes d'extrémité (2) pour assembler de façon dissociable la structure pivotante (5) avec ladite plateforme d'extrémité (2), caractérisé en ce que chaque système de liaison (10) comprend : • une paire de crochets (11) ouverts vers le haut, situés en partie supérieure sur l'extrémité en regard de la plateforme d'extrémité (2), • une paire de crochets (15) ouverts vers le bas, situés en partie supérieure sur la structure pivotante (5), ces crochets (15) ouverts vers le bas s'engageant avec et reposant sur les crochets (11) ouverts vers le haut de ladite plateforme d'extrémité (2) lorsque la structure pivotante (5) est en position de transport ; • une paire de pièces de butée (18) situées en partie inférieure de l'extrémité en regard de ladite plateforme d'extrémité (2) et se prolongeant en proéminence en direction de la structure pivotante (5), ces pièces de butée (18) maintenant un écartement fixe entre ladite plateforme d'extrémité (2) et ladite structure pivotante (5) lorsque la structure pivotante (5) est en position de transport ; • un dispositif de centrage (29) qui guide la structure pivotante (5) lorsqu'elle arrive en position de transport et l'aligne en position de transport avec ladite plateforme d'extrémité (2) selon un axe longitudinal du wagon ferroviaire (1) ; et • un dispositif de sécurité qui relie la structure pivotante (5) à ladite plateforme d'extrémité (2) et assure une transmission d'effort de traction entre ces deux éléments lorsque la structure pivotante (5) est en position de transport et en cas de défaillance d'un des organes de liaison, ledit dispositif de sécurité présentant un jeu mécanique fonctionnel entre la plateforme d'extrémité (2) et le tirant (3) en mode nominal. Railway wagon (1) for combined rail / road transport and loading / unloading of a road load, said wagon comprising: Two end platforms (2) connected by a tie rod (3) and equipped with bogies (4), the tie rod (3) being connected to each end platform (2) by a connecting member, A pivoting structure (5) carrying the road load located above the tie rod (3), between the two end platforms (2), and which pivots between a transport position and a loading / unloading position, • a connection system (10) provided at each end of the pivoting structure (5) and at the opposite end of one of the two end platforms (2) for assembling the pivoting structure (5) in a dissociable manner with said end platform (2), characterized in that each connection system (10) comprises: • a pair of hooks (11) open upwards, located in the upper part on the end opposite the end platform (2), • a pair of hooks (15) open at the bottom, located at the top on the pivoting structure (5), these hooks (15) open at the bottom engaging with and resting on the hooks (11) open at the top from said end platform (2) when the pivoting structure (5) is in the transport position; • a pair of stop pieces (18) located in the lower part of the end opposite said end platform (2) and extending in protrusion towards the pivoting structure (5), these stop pieces (18 ) maintaining a fixed distance between said end platform (2) and said pivoting structure (5) when the pivoting structure (5) is in the transport position; • a centering device (29) which guides the pivoting structure (5) when it arrives in the transport position and aligns it in the transport position with said end platform (2) along a longitudinal axis of the rail car (1 ); and • a safety device which connects the pivoting structure (5) to said end platform (2) and ensures a transmission of tensile force between these two elements when the pivoting structure (5) is in the transport position and in the event failure of one of the connecting members, said safety device having a functional mechanical clearance between the end platform (2) and the tie rod (3) in nominal mode. Wagon ferroviaire selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chaque système de liaison (10) comprend un dispositif de retenue (22) comportant au moins un mécanisme de verrouillage (23) de chaque côté de la plateforme d'extrémité (2) et de la structure pivotante (5), qui verrouille la structure pivotante (5) avec ladite plateforme d'extrémité (2) lorsque la structure pivotante (5) est en position de transport.Railway wagon according to claim 1, characterized in that each connection system (10) comprises a retaining device (22) comprising at least one locking mechanism (23) on each side of the end platform (2) and of the pivoting structure (5), which locks the pivoting structure (5) with said end platform (2) when the pivoting structure (5) is in the transport position. Wagon ferroviaire (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les crochets (11) ouverts vers le haut sont équipés de fourrures (14) sur leurs faces orientées selon l'axe longitudinal du wagon ferroviaire (1), les fourrures (14) des crochets (11) ouverts vers le haut présentant un léger angle par rapport à la verticale de sorte que chaque pièce (13) en saillie présente un profil plus large à sa base par rapport à sa partie supérieure.Railway wagon (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the hooks (11) open upwards are fitted with furs (14) on their faces oriented along the longitudinal axis of the rail wagon (1), the furs (14) hooks (11) open upward having a slight angle relative to the vertical so that each projecting part (13) has a wider profile at its base relative to its upper part. Wagon ferroviaire (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chaque pièce de butée (18) comprend une pièce de calage (20) d'épaisseur choisie qui est fixée sur la plateforme d'extrémité (2), et sur laquelle est fixée une fourrure (21) prévue pour venir en contact contre une surface réceptrice (19) située en partie basse de la structure pivotante (5).Railway wagon (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each abutment piece (18) comprises a wedging piece (20) of selected thickness which is fixed to the end platform (2), and on which is fixed a fur (21) intended to come into contact against a receiving surface (19) located in the lower part of the pivoting structure (5). Wagon ferroviaire (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce que chaque mécanisme de verrouillage (23) comprend un crochet de verrouillage (24) monté sur la plateforme d'extrémité (2) ou la structure pivotante (5) et prévu pour pouvoir s'engager en verrouillage sur un axe de préhension (25) monté respectivement sur la structure pivotante (5) ou sur la plateforme d'extrémité (2), ledit crochet de verrouillage (24) étant prévu pivotant dans un plan vertical pour pouvoir s'engager en verrouillage sur l'axe de préhension (25) prévu transversal à l'axe longitudinal du wagon ferroviaire (1).Railway wagon (1) according to any one of Claims 2 to 4, characterized in that each locking mechanism (23) comprises a locking hook (24) mounted on the end platform (2) or the pivoting structure ( 5) and designed to be able to engage in locking on a gripping pin (25) mounted respectively on the pivoting structure (5) or on the end platform (2), said locking hook (24) being provided pivoting in a vertical plane to be able to engage in locking on the gripping axis (25) provided transverse to the longitudinal axis of the railway wagon (1). Wagon ferroviaire (1) selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les deux crochets de verrouillage (24) sont mutuellement reliés par une barre de torsion (28) qui s'étend transversalement à l'axe longitudinal du wagon ferroviaire (1).Railway wagon (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the two locking hooks (24) are mutually connected by a torsion bar (28) which extends transversely to the longitudinal axis of the railway wagon (1). Wagon ferroviaire (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de centrage (29) comprend un doigt de centrage (30) prévu sur la plateforme d'extrémité (2) en partie basse de celle-ci, sur la face en regard de la structure pivotante (5), et un logement récepteur (31) prévu en partie basse de la structure pivotante (5) sur la face en regard de la plateforme d'extrémité (2), le doigt de centrage (30) se prolongeant en proéminence en direction de la structure pivotante (5) afin d'être reçu dans le logement récepteur (31) lorsque la structure pivotante (5) est en position de transport.Railway wagon (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the centering device (29) comprises a centering finger (30) provided on the end platform (2) in the lower part thereof , on the opposite face of the pivoting structure (5), and a receiving housing (31) provided in the lower part of the pivoting structure (5) on the opposite face of the end platform (2), the finger of centering (30) extending prominently towards the pivoting structure (5) so as to be received in the receiving housing (31) when the pivoting structure (5) is in the transport position. Wagon ferroviaire (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de sécurité (33) comprend au moins un organe mâle (34) monté en partie inférieure de la structure pivotante (5) et au moins un organe récepteur femelle (35) prévue en partie inférieure de la plateforme d'extrémité (2), un organe mâle (34) étant prévu pour être logé dans un organe récepteur femelle (35) lorsque la structure pivotante (5) est en position de transport, et l'organe récepteur femelle (35) présentant des dimensions légèrement plus grandes que celles de l'organe male (34) de sorte qu'un jeu mécanique fonctionnel entre l'organe mâle (34) et l'organe récepteur femelle (35) évite un contact et une transmission d'effort entre la structure pivotante (5) et la plateforme d'extrémité (2).Railway wagon (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the safety device (33) comprises at least one male member (34) mounted in the lower part of the pivoting structure (5) and at least one member female receiver (35) provided in the lower part of the end platform (2), a male member (34) being designed to be housed in a female receiving member (35) when the pivoting structure (5) is in the transport position , and the female receiving member (35) having dimensions slightly larger than those of the male member (34) so that a functional mechanical clearance between the male member (34) and the female receiving member (35 ) avoids contact and force transmission between the pivoting structure (5) and the end platform (2). Wagon ferroviaire (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de sécurité (33) et le dispositif de centrage (29) sont sous la forme d'un seul et même dispositif de centrage et de sécurité (29, 33).Railway wagon (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the safety device (33) and the centering device (29) are in the form of one and the same centering and safety device ( 29, 33). Wagon ferroviaire (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de sécurité (33) comprend au moins un organe mâle (34) sous la forme d'un doigt de centrage (30) dont l'extrémité libre comporte une pièce d'ancrage (37) se prolongeant transversalement de chacun des côtés de l'extrémité libre du doigt de centrage (30).Railway wagon (1) according to any one of Claims 8 to 9, characterized in that the safety device (33) comprises at least one male member (34) in the form of a centering finger (30), the free end of which comprises an anchoring piece (37) extending transversely on each side of the free end of the centering finger (30). Wagon ferroviaire (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de sécurité (33) comprend au moins un organe mâle (34) sous la forme d'un crochet (39) se prolongeant en proéminence depuis la plateforme d'extrémité (2) en partie inférieure de celle-ci en direction de la structure pivotante (5), la partie libre du crochet (39) étant recourbée vers le haut.Railway wagon (1) according to any one of claims 8 to 9, characterized in that the safety device (33) comprises at least one male member (34) in the form of a hook (39) extending in prominence from the end platform (2) at the bottom of the latter towards the pivoting structure (5), the free part of the hook (39) being bent upwards. Wagon ferroviaire (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de sécurité (33) comprend au moins un organe mâle (34) sous la forme d'un doigt de centrage (30) présentant des axes transversaux (42) dans sa partie médiane.Railway wagon (1) according to any one of Claims 8 to 9, characterized in that the safety device (33) comprises at least one male member (34) in the form of a centering finger (30) having transverse axes (42) in its middle part.
EP19182330.1A 2018-07-30 2019-06-25 System for linking combined rail/road transport carriage Active EP3604073B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1857110A FR3084319B1 (en) 2018-07-30 2018-07-30 CONNECTION SYSTEM FOR COMBINED RAIL / ROAD TRANSPORT WAGON

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CN (2) CN110775087A (en)
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KR20230039217A (en) * 2021-09-14 2023-03-21 한국기계연구원 Transporting equipment and method for rail logistics piggyback wagon using shuttle car

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3084319A1 (en) 2020-01-31
CN110775087A (en) 2020-02-11
EP3604073B1 (en) 2020-11-04
HUE052724T2 (en) 2021-05-28
FR3084319B1 (en) 2020-07-24
CN209505744U (en) 2019-10-18

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