EP3580428B1 - Method for fixing a rail bracket of a lift assembly and lift assembly - Google Patents
Method for fixing a rail bracket of a lift assembly and lift assembly Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3580428B1 EP3580428B1 EP18701501.1A EP18701501A EP3580428B1 EP 3580428 B1 EP3580428 B1 EP 3580428B1 EP 18701501 A EP18701501 A EP 18701501A EP 3580428 B1 EP3580428 B1 EP 3580428B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rail bracket
- shaft wall
- shaft
- elevator
- fixing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 25
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009974 thixotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
- B66B7/02—Guideways; Guides
- B66B7/023—Mounting means therefor
- B66B7/024—Lateral supports
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B19/00—Mining-hoist operation
- B66B19/002—Mining-hoist operation installing or exchanging guide rails
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
- B32B38/0012—Mechanical treatment, e.g. roughening, deforming, stretching
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D7/00—Shaft equipment, e.g. timbering within the shaft
- E21D7/02—Arrangement of guides for cages in shafts; Connection of guides for cages to shaft walls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2309/00—Parameters for the laminating or treatment process; Apparatus details
- B32B2309/08—Dimensions, e.g. volume
- B32B2309/10—Dimensions, e.g. volume linear, e.g. length, distance, width
- B32B2309/105—Thickness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
- B32B2311/30—Iron, e.g. steel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2315/00—Other materials containing non-metallic inorganic compounds not provided for in groups B32B2311/00 - B32B2313/04
- B32B2315/06—Concrete
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for fixing a rail bracket of an elevator installation according to the preamble of claim 1 and an elevator installation according to the preamble of claim 14.
- the WO 90/15009 A1 describes a method for fixing a rail bracket for holding a guide rail on a shaft wall of an elevator shaft of an elevator installation.
- the rail bracket is composed of a rail bracket lower part and a rail bracket upper part, which are connected to one another by means of screws.
- the lower part of the rail bracket is fixed to the shaft wall, which is usually made of concrete, by means of two fastening elements, such as screws, screw anchors or screw bolts.
- fastening elements with a diameter of at least 10 mm are necessary for this, for which holes with a corresponding diameter must be drilled in the shaft wall. This is very time-consuming, generates a lot of noise and dirt, especially in the form of drilling dust.
- the JPH01133883A and the JPH01117190A describe a method for fixing a guide rail of an elevator installation on a shaft wall of an elevator shaft.
- the guide rails are fixed to the shaft wall by means of a rail clip, which consists of a rail clip lower part and a rail clip upper part.
- the lower part of the rail bracket is screwed to the shaft wall and the two rail bracket parts are connected by means of a screw-nut connection.
- an adhesive layer is applied between the lower part of the rail bracket and the upper part of the rail bracket; the two rail bracket parts are thus glued together.
- the adhesive layer thus strengthens the screw-nut connection between the two rail bracket parts; but it has no effect on the screw connection of the lower part of the rail bracket to the shaft wall.
- an adhesive layer is applied, which is arranged in a fixed state of the rail bracket between a contact surface of the rail bracket and a final fixing area of the shaft wall.
- the rail bracket is therefore glued to the shaft wall, and it can also be additionally fixed to the shaft wall by at least one fastening element. This means that no holes, or at most only holes with a small diameter and depth, need to be drilled into the shaft wall. This means that there is little or no drilling dust and noise during the fixation of the rail bracket.
- the physical strain on a fitter is very low.
- a mechatronic installation component that mounts rail brackets on the shaft wall does not have to be designed to withstand large forces, vibrations and impacts, which means that it can be made comparatively light and inexpensive.
- the rail bracket has in particular a rail bracket lower part and a rail bracket upper part, which are connected to one another by means of screws, the rail bracket lower part being fixed to the shaft wall.
- the connection in particular the screw connection, is designed in such a way that the two rail bracket parts are connected to one another in different orientations can.
- the above-mentioned different orientations of the two rail bracket parts make it possible to align the guide rail attached to the upper rail bracket part.
- rail bracket lower part and rail bracket upper part are not intended to express any orientation between the two parts. The designations are only intended to ensure a clear distinction between the two parts.
- the rail bracket can also be made in one piece.
- a rail clip is understood to mean either a rail clip lower part or a complete rail clip which can consist of one piece or several parts.
- the rail bracket, or the rail bracket lower part and the rail bracket upper part consist in particular of metal, for example sheet steel.
- the guide rails fixed on rail brackets and thus on the shaft wall run in the vertical direction in the elevator shaft and are used in a known manner to guide an elevator car and a counterweight during the operation of the elevator system.
- the adhesive used for the adhesive layer can be designed, for example, as a thixotropic, 2-component adhesive based on epoxy resin.
- the adhesive layer is in particular several millimeters, for example between 2 and 15 mm thick.
- a further layer, for example an adhesive layer, can be arranged between the adhesive layer and the shaft wall and / or the rail bracket.
- the contact surface of the rail bracket is understood to mean the surface of the rail bracket which, in the fixed state, is oriented to the shaft wall, that is to say mainly runs parallel to the shaft wall.
- the rail bracket rests against the shaft wall at least over part of the contact surface, the adhesive layer and, if applicable, the further layers mentioned.
- the surface of the shaft wall that corresponds to the contact surface of the rail clip in the fixed state of the rail clip is referred to as the final fixing area of the shaft wall.
- the contact surface of the rail bracket and the final fixing area of the shaft wall are in particular designed in each case mainly rectangular and have, for example, dimensions of 150-400 mm by 50-150 mm.
- the adhesive layer can extend over the entire contact surface of the rail bracket or only over one or more areas of the contact surface.
- the adhesive can in particular be applied to two areas of approximately the same size which, when the rail bracket is in the fixed state, are arranged as far outside as possible on the contact surface of the rail bracket in the horizontal direction.
- the total area of the area or areas in which adhesive is applied is, for example, greater than 1,600 mm 2 , in particular greater than 2,000 mm 2 .
- the adhesive for creating the adhesive layer can be applied either to the contact surface of the rail bracket or the final fixing area of the shaft wall or to both.
- an intended fixing area of the shaft wall is checked and the intended fixing area is only selected as the final fixing area if a predetermined test condition is met.
- the test condition is in particular selected so that if the test condition is met, it can be assumed that the rail bracket can be securely fixed in the final fixing area. This ensures that the rail bracket can be securely fixed to the shaft wall.
- the intended fixing area of the shaft wall is understood to mean the area to which the rail bracket is to be fixed in accordance with a work instruction or a construction plan.
- the final fixation area In order to enable a secure fixation of the rail bracket by means of an adhesive, the final fixation area must be as flat or planar as possible and must not have excessively large projections, shoulders, holes or recesses.
- the intended fixation area can be checked, for example, by means of a scanner, in particular a laser scanner or a camera with appropriate image processing.
- the expansion of the shaft wall in a direction perpendicular to the course of the shaft wall is checked.
- the specified test condition is met in particular, if a maximum difference in the mentioned expansion of the shaft wall, i.e. the distance between the highest elevation and deepest depression of the shaft wall in the direction perpendicular to the shaft wall, is less than a limit value.
- the maximum difference is the difference between the maximum and minimum expansion of the shaft wall in the direction mentioned. It is possible that smaller holes, for example up to a diameter of 3 - 5 mm, are not taken into account in the aforementioned test.
- the limit value, which the mentioned maximum difference in the expansion of the shaft wall must not exceed, is 1 to 3 mm, for example.
- a thickness of the applied adhesive layer is dependent on the result of the check of the intended fixing area of the shaft wall.
- the greater the unevenness of the final fixation area the greater the thickness.
- the adhesive layer can thus compensate for unevenness in the final fixing area to a certain extent and secure fixing of the rail bracket can be ensured. Due to the aforementioned dependency of the thickness of the applied adhesive layer on the result of the check of the intended fixation area, a thicker adhesive layer is only applied when this is really necessary. On the one hand, this enables secure fixing and, at the same time, the lowest possible consumption of adhesive, and thus ultimately secure and cost-optimized fixing of the rail brackets.
- the intended fixation area is adapted. This means that with a very high degree of probability a rail bracket can be fixed on the shaft wall at a position required for further assembly of the elevator system.
- its shape that is to say its dimensions, can also be adapted. This can in particular be made possible by the fact that different types of rail brackets can be used with different contact surfaces.
- a new test is carried out in the case in which the adapted intended fixation area extends beyond the originally intended fixation area. This ensures that the rail bracket can be securely fixed in the adapted fixation area.
- the final fixation area is pretreated before the rail bracket is arranged. This enables the rail bracket to be securely fixed.
- the presence can be, for example, removing smaller projections, for example with the help of a drill bit, roughening the fixing area, for example using a rotating (steel) brush or an angle grinder and / or applying an additional layer, for example an adhesive layer.
- removing smaller projections for example with the help of a drill bit
- roughening the fixing area for example using a rotating (steel) brush or an angle grinder and / or applying an additional layer, for example an adhesive layer.
- the final fixation area can be cleaned. This can be done for example by means of compressed air, suction or water.
- the contact surface of the rail bracket can also be cleaned, in particular freed from adhering particles and / or degreased.
- the particular procedure is that all final fixing areas in the elevator shaft are roughened first, then all final fixing areas in the elevator shaft are cleaned and then all rail brackets are fixed to the shaft walls of the elevator shaft.
- This procedure has the advantage that dirt that arises when roughening cannot contaminate fixation areas that have already been cleaned. In particular, when roughening and especially when cleaning the elevator shaft, the procedure is from top to bottom. This means that there is very little risk of already cleaned fixation areas being damaged by the further cleaning of fixation areas become dirty again.
- the rail bracket is additionally fixed to the shaft wall by means of a fastening element. This enables a particularly secure fixation of the rail bracket.
- the at least one fastening element can be designed as a screw, a screw anchor, a screw bolt or a nail.
- the fastening element can, for example, mainly serve to hold the rail bracket in its desired position during the necessary hardening.
- the fastening element can apply an additional holding force, which is supported in particular below the surface of the shaft wall.
- the fastening element required for this is always made smaller than a fastening element that would be necessary for fixing the rail bracket without an adhesive layer between the rail bracket and the shaft wall. This makes the effort for introducing the fastening element significantly easier.
- the fixing of the rail bracket on the shaft wall is carried out by means of a mechatronic installation component.
- the mechatronic installation component is in particular part of an assembly device and is held by a carrier component of the assembly device.
- the carrier component is designed to be displaced relative to the elevator shaft, ie for example within the elevator shaft, and to be positioned at different heights within the elevator shaft.
- the installation component is designed to carry out at least one assembly step, such as, for example, the fixing of the rail brackets on the shaft wall as part of an installation process for the elevator system, at least partially automatically, preferably fully automatically.
- the assembly device with the carrier component and the mechatronic installation component is, for example, corresponding to that in the WO 2017/016783 A1 described mounting device executed.
- an elevator system with an elevator shaft and one by means of a rail bracket on a shaft wall of the Lift shaft fixed guide rail released.
- an adhesive layer is arranged between a contact surface of the rail bracket and a final fixing area of the shaft wall. This enables a particularly simple and inexpensive fixation of the rail bracket to the shaft wall.
- the rail bracket is additionally fixed to the shaft wall by means of a fastening element. This enables a particularly secure fixation of the rail bracket on the shaft wall.
- a mounting device 14 is shown, which is arranged in an elevator shaft 10 of an elevator installation 12 and by means of which rail bracket lower parts 16 can be fixed to a shaft wall 18.
- the elevator shaft 10 extends in a main direction of extent 11, which is in the Fig. 1 oriented vertically.
- the assembly device 14 has a carrier component 20 and a mechatronic installation component 22.
- the carrier component 20 is designed as a frame which the mechatronic installation component 22 is mounted. This frame has dimensions which enable the carrier component 20 to be displaced vertically within the elevator shaft 10, that is to say, for example, to move to different vertical positions on different floors within a building.
- the mechatronic installation component 22 is designed as an industrial robot 24, which is attached to the frame of the carrier component 20 hanging down.
- An arm of the industrial robot 24 can be moved relative to the carrier component 20 and, for example, be displaced towards the shaft wall 18 of the elevator shaft 10.
- the support component 20 is connected to a displacement component 28 in the form of a motor-driven cable winch via a steel cable serving as a support means 26, which is attached to the top of the elevator shaft 10 at a stop 29 on the ceiling of the elevator shaft 10.
- a displacement component 28 in the form of a motor-driven cable winch via a steel cable serving as a support means 26, which is attached to the top of the elevator shaft 10 at a stop 29 on the ceiling of the elevator shaft 10.
- the assembly device 14 can be displaced within the elevator shaft 10 in the main direction of extent 11 of the elevator shaft 10, that is to say vertically over an entire length of the elevator shaft 10.
- the assembly device 14 also has a fixing component 30, with the aid of which the carrier component 20 can be fixed in the lateral direction, that is to say in the horizontal direction, within the elevator shaft 10.
- the reference elements 13 are attached by a fitter in the elevator shaft 10 and form the reference for the alignment and assembly of guide rails of the elevator system 12.
- the guide rails must therefore run parallel to the reference elements 13 and at a certain distance from the reference elements 13 in the assembled state.
- Fig. 2 shows an enlarged view of a mounting device 14.
- the carrier component 20 is designed as a cage-like frame in which a plurality of horizontally and vertically extending bars form a mechanically loadable structure.
- holding ropes 32 are attached which can be connected to the support means 26.
- the mechatronic installation component 22 is implemented with the aid of an industrial robot 24.
- the industrial robot 24 is equipped with several robot arms that can be pivoted about pivot axes.
- the industrial robot can have at least six degrees of freedom, that is, an assembly tool 34 guided by the industrial robot 24 can be moved with six degrees of freedom, that is for example with three degrees of freedom of rotation and three degrees of translational freedom.
- the industrial robot can be designed as a vertical articulated arm robot, as a horizontal articulated arm robot or as a SCARA robot or as a Cartesian robot or portal robot.
- the robot can be coupled to various assembly tools 34 at its self-supporting end.
- the assembly tools 34 can differ in terms of their design and their intended use.
- the assembly tools 34 can be held on the carrier component 20 in such a way that the cantilevered end of the industrial robot 24 can be moved up to them and coupled to one of them.
- the industrial robot 24 can, for example, have a tool changing system which is designed in such a way that it enables at least the handling of several such assembly tools 34.
- One of the assembly tools 34 is designed as a sensor, for example as a laser scanner, by means of which the relative position of the carrier component 20 with respect to the reference elements 13 can be determined. This can be carried out, for example, with a method that is described in the applicant's European patent application with the application number EP16163399.5 is described.
- the position of the carrier component 20 in the elevator shaft 10 can be determined from the relative position of the carrier component 20 with respect to the reference elements 13. Starting from the position of the carrier component 20, it can be determined at which points on the shaft wall 18 a rail bracket lower part 16 is to be attached. These points are used here as the intended fixation area (41 in Fig. 4 .43 in Fig. 5 ) designated.
- the shaft wall 18, in particular a provided fixing area (41 in Fig. 4 .43 in Fig. 5 ) must be checked. During this check, the extension of the shaft wall 18 perpendicular to the shaft wall 18 (direction 17 in Fig. 3 ), i.e. determined in the horizontal direction.
- the review of the intended fixation area is related to the Fig. 3 detailed.
- the position of the carrier component in the elevator shaft can also be determined with the aid of a digital model of the elevator system.
- the entire elevator shaft has to be measured, for example using a laser scanner.
- One of the assembly tools 34 is designed as a tool for roughening the shaft wall 18, in particular as a tool with a rotating steel brush or an angle grinder.
- One of the assembly tools 34 is designed as a tool for cleaning the shaft wall 18, in particular as a tool for sucking off the shaft wall 18 or for releasing compressed air.
- One of the assembly tools 34 is used as a tool for applying adhesive to the shaft wall 18 and / or a contact surface (45 in Fig. 3 ) of a rail bracket lower part 16 executed.
- the adhesive is designed in particular as a 2-component adhesive based on epoxy resin.
- Said tool can be embodied, for example, as a so-called dispenser, in which the two components of the adhesive are mixed by means of a so-called mixer while being dispensed from storage containers for one of the components.
- One of the assembly tools 34 can be designed as a drilling tool, similar to a drilling machine.
- the installation component 22 can be configured to enable an at least partially automated controlled drilling of fastening holes in one of the shaft walls 18 of the elevator shaft 10.
- the drilling tool can be moved and handled by the industrial robot 24 in such a way that the drilling tool drills holes in the shaft wall 18 of the elevator shaft 10 with a drill at a designated position, into which later fastening elements in the form of screws or screw anchors are screwed to fix the lower parts of the rail bracket .
- a further assembly tool 34 can be designed as a screwdriver in order to screw screw anchors or screws into previously drilled fastening holes in the shaft wall 18 of the elevator shaft 10, at least partially automatically.
- Another assembly tool 34 can be designed as a nailing machine, by means of which nails can be shot through a rail bracket lower part 16 into the shaft wall 18.
- Another assembly tool 34 is designed as a gripper in order to at least partially automatically fix a rail bracket lower part 16 on the shaft wall 18
- Another assembly tool 34 can be designed as a drill bit, by means of which smaller projections on the shaft wall can be removed.
- a magazine component 36 can also be provided on the carrier component 20.
- the magazine component 36 can serve to store rail bracket lower parts 16 to be installed and to make them available to the installation component 22.
- screw anchors or screws can also be stored and provided, which can be screwed into prefabricated fastening holes in the shaft wall 18 with the aid of the installation component 22.
- the control device knows the position of the carrier component 20, so that the industrial robot 24 can use an assembly tool 34 designed as a scanner to locate the intended fixing area (41 in FIG Fig. 4 .43 in Fig. 5 ) can check.
- the expansion of the shaft wall 18 in a vertical direction (47 in Fig. 3 ) to the course of the shaft wall 18 checked.
- a predefined test condition is met when a maximum difference 46 in the mentioned expansion of the shaft wall 18 is less than a limit value. It is possible that smaller holes, for example up to a diameter of 3 - 5 mm, are not taken into account in the aforementioned test.
- the limit value which the maximum difference 46 must not exceed is 1 to 3 mm, for example.
- the intended fixing area is adopted as the final fixing area and the rail bracket lower part 16 is fixed on the shaft wall 18 in the final fixing area.
- the lower part 16 of the rail bracket cannot be fixed in the intended fixing area on the shaft wall, at least without further preparatory work. If the shaft wall 18 in the intended Fixing area has only smaller projections, these can be removed with an assembly tool 34 designed as a drill bit and then a new check can be carried out.
- the control device searches for a possible fixation area by slightly shifting the fixation area provided so that the new fixation area 42 provided is in Fig. 4 results. The described check is then carried out again. If the above-mentioned test condition is then met, the new intended fixation area is adopted as the final fixation area and the rail bracket lower part 16 is fixed on the shaft wall 18 in the final fixation area. If the test condition is again not met for the new intended fixation area, a new shift is carried out.
- the control device can change the shape of the intended fixation area 43 so that the new intended fixation area 44 moves into Fig. 5 results.
- the new intended fixation area 44 is, as shown, somewhat wider and therefore less high than the originally intended fixation area 43.
- the possible shapes of the intended fixation areas 44 result from the different embodiments of rail bracket lower parts 16. In FIG Fig. 5 In the example shown, the new intended fixation area 44 goes beyond the originally intended fixation area 43, so that a new check of the new intended fixation area 44 is carried out. If the above-mentioned test condition is then met, the new intended fixation area is adopted as the final fixation area and the rail bracket lower part 16 is fixed on the shaft wall 18 in the final fixation area.
- the intended fixation area is first cleaned or vacuumed with compressed air.
- the intended fixation area is then roughened with an assembly tool 34, which has a rotating wire brush, or an assembly tool 34 designed as an angle grinder.
- An adhesive layer can then optionally be applied to the intended fixation area can be applied.
- the intended fixing area is thus prepared for fixing the lower part of the rail bracket, so that an assembly tool 34 designed as a tool for applying adhesive can be used to apply adhesive to the intended fixing area of the shaft wall 18 and / or the contact surface (45 in Fig. 3 ) of the rail bracket lower part 16 is applied.
- the thickness of the applied adhesive layer 48 in Fig. 3 is dependent on the result of the check of the intended fixing area of the shaft wall 18. The greater the maximum difference in the extent of the shaft wall 18, the thicker the applied adhesive layer.
- the rail bracket lower part 16 is fixed to the final fixing area with an assembly tool 34 designed as a gripper.
- an assembly tool 34 designed as a nailing machine can also be fixed to the shaft wall 18 with a nail 49.
- the nail 49 can in particular be shot through the rail bracket lower part 16 without a prepared hole.
- the assembly tool can have a further arm by means of which the rail bracket lower part can be held until the nail is inserted.
- a screw can also be inserted.
- a hole must be drilled in the shaft wall before the lower part of the rail bracket is fixed.
- the lower part of the rail bracket must have a suitable hole through which the screw can be passed.
- other possibilities for fixing the lower part of the rail bracket during the curing of the adhesive are also conceivable.
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Fixierung eines Schienenbügels einer Aufzuganlage gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 und eine Aufzuganlage gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 14.The invention relates to a method for fixing a rail bracket of an elevator installation according to the preamble of claim 1 and an elevator installation according to the preamble of
Die
Die
Demgegenüber ist es insbesondere die Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren zur Fixierung eines Schienenbügels zur Halterung einer Führungsschiene an einer Schachtwand eines Aufzugschachts einer Aufzuganlage und eine Aufzuganlage vorzuschlagen, bei denen eine Fixierung der Schienenbügel an der Schachtwand besonders einfach ist. Erfindungsgemäss wird diese Aufgabe mit einem Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 und einer Aufzuganlage mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 14 gelöst.In contrast, it is the particular object of the invention to propose a method for fixing a rail bracket for holding a guide rail on a shaft wall of an elevator shaft of an elevator system and an elevator system in which fixing the rail bracket on the shaft wall is particularly simple. According to the invention, this object is achieved with a method with the features of claim 1 and an elevator installation with the features of
Beim erfindungsgemässen Verfahren zur Fixierung eines Schienenbügels zur Halterung einer Führungsschiene an einer Schachtwand eines Aufzugschachts einer Aufzuganlage wird eine Klebstoffschicht aufgebracht, die in einem fixierten Zustand des Schienenbügels zwischen einer Anlagefläche des Schienenbügels und einem endgültigen Fixierungsbereich der Schachtwand angeordnet ist. Der Schienenbügel wird also an die Schachtwand geklebt, wobei er auch zusätzlich durch wenigstens ein Befestigungselement an der Schachtwand fixiert werden kann. Damit müssen keine oder allenfalls nur Löcher mit geringem Durchmesser und Tiefe in die Schachtwand gebohrt werden. Damit entsteht während der Fixierung des Schienenbügels kein oder sehr wenig Bohrstaub und Lärm. Ausserdem ist die körperliche Belastung eines Monteurs sehr gering. Eine mechatronische Installationskomponente, die Schienenbügel an der Schachtwand montiert, muss nicht für die Aufnahme von grossen Kräften, Vibrationen und Schlägen ausgelegt werden, wodurch sie vergleichsweise leicht und kostengünstig ausgeführt werden kann.In the method according to the invention for fixing a rail bracket for holding a guide rail on a shaft wall of an elevator shaft of an elevator system, an adhesive layer is applied, which is arranged in a fixed state of the rail bracket between a contact surface of the rail bracket and a final fixing area of the shaft wall. The rail bracket is therefore glued to the shaft wall, and it can also be additionally fixed to the shaft wall by at least one fastening element. This means that no holes, or at most only holes with a small diameter and depth, need to be drilled into the shaft wall. This means that there is little or no drilling dust and noise during the fixation of the rail bracket. In addition, the physical strain on a fitter is very low. A mechatronic installation component that mounts rail brackets on the shaft wall does not have to be designed to withstand large forces, vibrations and impacts, which means that it can be made comparatively light and inexpensive.
Der Schienenbügel weist insbesondere ein Schienenbügelunterteil und ein Schienenbügeloberteil auf, die mittels Schrauben miteinander verbunden werden, wobei das Schienenbügelunterteil an der Schachtwand fixiert wird. Die Verbindung, also insbesondere die Verschraubung ist dabei so ausgeführt, dass die beiden Schienenbügelteile in unterschiedlichen Ausrichtungen zueinander verbunden werden können. Durch die genannten unterschiedlichen Ausrichtungen der beiden Schienenbügelteile wird die Ausrichtung der am Schienenbügeloberteil befestigten Führungsschiene ermöglicht. Die Bezeichnungen Schienenbügelunterteil und Schienenbügeloberteil sollen keine Orientierung der beiden Teile zueinander zum Ausdruck bringen. Die Bezeichnungen sollen lediglich eine eindeutige Unterscheidung zwischen den beiden Teilen sicherstellen. Der Schienenbügel kann auch einstückig ausgeführt sein. In der vorliegenden Anmeldung wird unter einem Schienenbügel damit entweder ein Schienenbügelunterteil oder ein kompletter Schienenbügel verstanden, der einstückig oder aus mehreren Teilen bestehen kann. Der Schienenbügel, beziehungsweise das Schienenbügelunterteil und Schienenbügeloberteil bestehen insbesondere aus Metall, beispielsweise aus Stahlblech.The rail bracket has in particular a rail bracket lower part and a rail bracket upper part, which are connected to one another by means of screws, the rail bracket lower part being fixed to the shaft wall. The connection, in particular the screw connection, is designed in such a way that the two rail bracket parts are connected to one another in different orientations can. The above-mentioned different orientations of the two rail bracket parts make it possible to align the guide rail attached to the upper rail bracket part. The terms rail bracket lower part and rail bracket upper part are not intended to express any orientation between the two parts. The designations are only intended to ensure a clear distinction between the two parts. The rail bracket can also be made in one piece. In the present application, a rail clip is understood to mean either a rail clip lower part or a complete rail clip which can consist of one piece or several parts. The rail bracket, or the rail bracket lower part and the rail bracket upper part, consist in particular of metal, for example sheet steel.
Die an Schienenbügeln und damit an der Schachtwand fixierten Führungsschienen verlaufen in vertikaler Richtung im Aufzugschacht und dienen in bekannter Weise zur Führung einer Aufzugkabine und eines Gegengewichts während des Betriebs der Aufzuganlage.The guide rails fixed on rail brackets and thus on the shaft wall run in the vertical direction in the elevator shaft and are used in a known manner to guide an elevator car and a counterweight during the operation of the elevator system.
Der für die Klebstoffschicht verwendete Kleber kann beispielsweise als ein thixotroper, 2-komponentiger Kleber auf Epoxidharzbasis ausgeführt sein. Die Klebstoffschicht ist insbesondere mehrere Millimeter, beispielsweise zwischen 2 und 15 mm dick. Zwischen der Klebstoffschicht und der Schachtwand und/oder dem Schienenbügel kann eine weitere Schicht, beispielsweise eine Haftschicht angeordnet sein.The adhesive used for the adhesive layer can be designed, for example, as a thixotropic, 2-component adhesive based on epoxy resin. The adhesive layer is in particular several millimeters, for example between 2 and 15 mm thick. A further layer, for example an adhesive layer, can be arranged between the adhesive layer and the shaft wall and / or the rail bracket.
Unter der Anlagefläche des Schienenbügels wird die Fläche des Schienenbügels verstanden, die im fixierten Zustand zur Schachtwand orientiert, also hauptsächlich parallel zur Schachtwand verläuft. Der Schienenbügel liegt zumindest über einen Teil der Anlagefläche, die Klebstoffschicht und gegebenenfalls den genannten weiteren Schichten an der Schachtwand an. Die im fixierten Zustand des Schienenbügels mit der Anlagefläche des Schienenbügels korrespondierende Fläche der Schachtwand wird als endgültiger Fixierungsbereich der Schachtwand bezeichnet. Die Anlagefläche des Schienenbügels und der endgültige Fixierungsbereich der Schachtwand sind insbesondere jeweils hauptsächlich rechteckig ausgeführt und weisen beispielsweise Masse von 150-400 mm mal 50-150 mm auf.The contact surface of the rail bracket is understood to mean the surface of the rail bracket which, in the fixed state, is oriented to the shaft wall, that is to say mainly runs parallel to the shaft wall. The rail bracket rests against the shaft wall at least over part of the contact surface, the adhesive layer and, if applicable, the further layers mentioned. The surface of the shaft wall that corresponds to the contact surface of the rail clip in the fixed state of the rail clip is referred to as the final fixing area of the shaft wall. The contact surface of the rail bracket and the final fixing area of the shaft wall are in particular designed in each case mainly rectangular and have, for example, dimensions of 150-400 mm by 50-150 mm.
Die Klebstoffschicht kann sich über die gesamte Anlagefläche des Schienenbügels oder nur über einen oder mehrere Bereiche der Anlagefläche erstrecken. Der Klebstoff kann insbesondere auf zwei ungefähr gleich grosse Bereiche aufgetragen werden, die im fixierten Zustand des Schienenbügels in horizontaler Richtung möglichst weit aussen an der Anlagefläche des Schienenbügels angeordnet sind. Die Gesamtfläche des Bereichs oder der Bereiche, in denen Klebstoff aufgetragen wird, ist beispielsweise grösser als 1'600 mm2, insbesondere grösser als 2'000 mm2.The adhesive layer can extend over the entire contact surface of the rail bracket or only over one or more areas of the contact surface. The adhesive can in particular be applied to two areas of approximately the same size which, when the rail bracket is in the fixed state, are arranged as far outside as possible on the contact surface of the rail bracket in the horizontal direction. The total area of the area or areas in which adhesive is applied is, for example, greater than 1,600 mm 2 , in particular greater than 2,000 mm 2 .
Der Kleber zum Erzeugen der Klebstoffschicht kann entweder auf die Anlagefläche des Schienenbügels oder den endgültigen Fixierungsbereich der Schachtwand oder auf beide aufgetragen werden.The adhesive for creating the adhesive layer can be applied either to the contact surface of the rail bracket or the final fixing area of the shaft wall or to both.
In Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird ein vorgesehener Fixierungsbereich der Schachtwand überprüft und der vorgesehene Fixierungsbereich wird nur dann als endgültiger Fixierungsbereich ausgewählt, wenn eine vorgegebene Prüfbedingung erfüllt ist. Die Prüfbedingung ist dabei insbesondere so gewählt, dass bei Erfüllung der Prüfbedingung davon ausgegangen werden kann, dass der Schienenbügel am endgültigen Fixierungsbereich sicher fixiert werden kann. Damit wird gewährleistet, dass der Schienenbügel sicher an der Schachtwand fixiert werden kann.In an embodiment of the invention, an intended fixing area of the shaft wall is checked and the intended fixing area is only selected as the final fixing area if a predetermined test condition is met. The test condition is in particular selected so that if the test condition is met, it can be assumed that the rail bracket can be securely fixed in the final fixing area. This ensures that the rail bracket can be securely fixed to the shaft wall.
Unter dem vorgesehenen Fixierungsbereich der Schachtwand wird dabei der Bereich verstanden, an dem gemäss einer Arbeitsanweisung oder eines Bauplans der Schienenbügel fixiert werden soll.The intended fixing area of the shaft wall is understood to mean the area to which the rail bracket is to be fixed in accordance with a work instruction or a construction plan.
Um eine sichere Fixierung des Schienenbügels mittels eines Klebers zu ermöglichen, muss der endgültige Fixierungsbereich möglichst eben, beziehungsweise plan sein und darf keine zu grossen Vorsprünge, Absätze, Löcher oder Ausnehmungen aufweisen. Die Überprüfung des vorgesehenen Fixierungsbereichs kann beispielsweise mittels eines Scanners, insbesondere eines Laserscanners oder einer Kamera mit entsprechender Bildverarbeitung durchgeführt werden.In order to enable a secure fixation of the rail bracket by means of an adhesive, the final fixation area must be as flat or planar as possible and must not have excessively large projections, shoulders, holes or recesses. The intended fixation area can be checked, for example, by means of a scanner, in particular a laser scanner or a camera with appropriate image processing.
Bei der Überprüfung wird insbesondere die Ausdehnung der Schachtwand in einer senkrechten Richtung zum Verlauf der Schachtwand, also insbesondere die Ausdehnung in horizontaler Richtung geprüft. Die vorgegebene Prüfbedingung ist insbesondere erfüllt, wenn ein maximaler Unterschied der genannten Ausdehnung der Schachtwand, also der Abstand zwischen der höchsten Erhebung und tiefsten Vertiefung der Schachtwand in Richtung senkrecht zur Schachtwand kleiner als ein Grenzwert ist. Der maximale Unterschied ist dabei die Differenz der maximalen und minimalen Ausdehnung der Schachtwand in der genannten Richtung. Es ist möglich, dass bei der genannten Prüfung kleinere Löcher, beispielsweise bis zu einem Durchmesser von 3 - 5 mm nicht berücksichtigt werden. Der Grenzwert, den der genannte maximale Unterschied der Ausdehnung der Schachtwand nicht überschreiten darf, beträgt beispielsweise 1 bis 3 mm.During the check, in particular the expansion of the shaft wall in a direction perpendicular to the course of the shaft wall, that is to say in particular the expansion in the horizontal direction, is checked. The specified test condition is met in particular, if a maximum difference in the mentioned expansion of the shaft wall, i.e. the distance between the highest elevation and deepest depression of the shaft wall in the direction perpendicular to the shaft wall, is less than a limit value. The maximum difference is the difference between the maximum and minimum expansion of the shaft wall in the direction mentioned. It is possible that smaller holes, for example up to a diameter of 3 - 5 mm, are not taken into account in the aforementioned test. The limit value, which the mentioned maximum difference in the expansion of the shaft wall must not exceed, is 1 to 3 mm, for example.
In Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist eine Dicke der aufgebrachten Klebstoffschicht vom Ergebnis der Überprüfung des vorgesehenen Fixierungsbereichs der Schachtwand abhängig. Die Dicke ist insbesondere umso grösser, je grösser die ermittelte Unebenheit des endgültigen Fixierungsbereichs ist. Die Klebstoffschicht kann damit in einem gewissen Rahmen Unebenheiten des endgültigen Fixierungsbereichs ausgleichen und es kann eine sichere Fixierung des Schienenbügels gewährleistet werden. Durch die genannte Abhängigkeit der Dicke der aufgebrachten Klebstoffschicht vom Ergebnis der Überprüfung des vorgesehenen Fixierungsbereichs wird aber nur dann eine dickere Klebstoffschicht aufgebracht, wenn dies auch wirklich notwendig ist. Damit werden einerseits eine sichere Fixierung und gleichzeitig ein möglichst geringer Verbrauch an Klebstoff ermöglicht und damit letztendlich ein sicheres und kostenoptimiertes Fixieren der Schienenbügel.In an embodiment of the invention, a thickness of the applied adhesive layer is dependent on the result of the check of the intended fixing area of the shaft wall. In particular, the greater the unevenness of the final fixation area, the greater the thickness. The adhesive layer can thus compensate for unevenness in the final fixing area to a certain extent and secure fixing of the rail bracket can be ensured. Due to the aforementioned dependency of the thickness of the applied adhesive layer on the result of the check of the intended fixation area, a thicker adhesive layer is only applied when this is really necessary. On the one hand, this enables secure fixing and, at the same time, the lowest possible consumption of adhesive, and thus ultimately secure and cost-optimized fixing of the rail brackets.
In Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird in dem Fall, in dem die vorgegebene Prüfbedingung nicht erfüllt ist, der vorgesehene Fixierungsbereich angepasst. Damit kann mit sehr hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit ein Schienenbügel an einer für die weitere Montage der Aufzuganlage notwendigen Position an der Schachtwand fixiert werden.In an embodiment of the invention, in the case in which the prescribed test condition is not met, the intended fixation area is adapted. This means that with a very high degree of probability a rail bracket can be fixed on the shaft wall at a position required for further assembly of the elevator system.
Unter einer Anpassung des endgültigen Fixierungsbereichs soll hier verstanden werden, dass seine Position an der der Schachtwand verschoben wird. Damit wird quasi ein möglicher Fixierungsbereich an der Schachtwand gesucht. Dies ist insbesondere bei zweiteiligen Schienenbügeln möglich, da hier durch die oben beschriebene flexible Ausrichtung von Schienenbügeloberteil zu Schienenbügelunterteil bei der Position des Schienenbügelunterteils an der Schachtwand eine gewisse Flexibilität gegeben ist.An adaptation of the final fixation area should be understood here to mean that its position on that of the shaft wall is shifted. A possible fixation area on the shaft wall is thus sought, as it were. This is particularly possible with two-part rail brackets, since the flexible alignment of the upper rail bracket part to the lower rail bracket bracket described above gives a certain flexibility in the position of the lower rail bracket section on the shaft wall.
Zusätzlich oder alternativ zur Verschiebung des Fixierungsbereichs kann auch seine Form, also seine Abmessungen angepasst werden. Dies kann insbesondere dadurch ermöglicht werden, dass unterschiedliche Typen von Schienenbügeln mit unterschiedlichen Anlageflächen verwendet werden können.In addition or as an alternative to the displacement of the fixing area, its shape, that is to say its dimensions, can also be adapted. This can in particular be made possible by the fact that different types of rail brackets can be used with different contact surfaces.
In Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird in dem Fall, in dem der angepasste vorgesehene Fixierungsbereich über den ursprünglich vorgesehenen Fixierungsbereich hinausgeht, eine erneute Prüfung durchgeführt. Damit wird gewährleistet, dass der Schienenbügel im angepassten Fixierungsbereich sicher fixiert werden kann.In an embodiment of the invention, a new test is carried out in the case in which the adapted intended fixation area extends beyond the originally intended fixation area. This ensures that the rail bracket can be securely fixed in the adapted fixation area.
In Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird der endgültige Fixierungsbereich vor dem Anordnen des Schienenbügels vorbehandelt. Damit kann eine sichere Fixierung des Schienenbügels ermöglicht werden.In an embodiment of the invention, the final fixation area is pretreated before the rail bracket is arranged. This enables the rail bracket to be securely fixed.
Bei der Vorhandlung kann es sich beispielsweise um ein Entfernen kleinerer Vorsprünge, beispielsweise mit Hilfe eines Bohrmeissels, ein Aufrauen des Fixierungsbereichs beispielsweise mittels einer rotierenden (Stahl-)Bürste oder einem Winkelschleifer und/oder ein Aufbringen einer zusätzlichen Schicht, beispielsweise einer Haftschicht handeln.The presence can be, for example, removing smaller projections, for example with the help of a drill bit, roughening the fixing area, for example using a rotating (steel) brush or an angle grinder and / or applying an additional layer, for example an adhesive layer.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann der endgültige Fixierungsbereich gesäubert werden. Dies kann beispielsweise mittels Pressluft, Absaugen oder Wasser erfolgen. Zusätzlich kann auch die Anlagefläche des Schienenbügels gesäubert, insbesondere von anhaftenden Partikeln befreit und/oder entfettet werden.Alternatively or additionally, the final fixation area can be cleaned. This can be done for example by means of compressed air, suction or water. In addition, the contact surface of the rail bracket can also be cleaned, in particular freed from adhering particles and / or degreased.
Wenn in einem Aufzugschacht mehrere Schienenbügel an der Schachtwand fixiert werden sollen, dann wird insbesondere so vorgegangen, dass zuerst alle endgültigen Fixierungsbereiche im Aufzugschacht aufgeraut werden, dann alle endgültigen Fixierungsbereiche im Aufzugschacht gesäubert werden und anschliessend alle Schienenbügel an den Schachtwänden des Aufzugschachts fixiert werden. Dieses Vorgehen hat den Vorteil, dass beim Aufrauen entstehender Schmutz keine bereits gesäuberten Fixierungsbereiche verschmutzen kann. Insbesondere wird beim Aufrauen und im Speziellen beim Säubern im Aufzugschacht von oben nach unten vorgegangen. Damit ist die Gefahr sehr gering, dass bereits gesäuberte Fixierungsbereiche durch das weitere Säubern von Fixierungsbereichen wieder verschmutzt werden.If several rail brackets are to be fixed to the shaft wall in an elevator shaft, the particular procedure is that all final fixing areas in the elevator shaft are roughened first, then all final fixing areas in the elevator shaft are cleaned and then all rail brackets are fixed to the shaft walls of the elevator shaft. This procedure has the advantage that dirt that arises when roughening cannot contaminate fixation areas that have already been cleaned. In particular, when roughening and especially when cleaning the elevator shaft, the procedure is from top to bottom. This means that there is very little risk of already cleaned fixation areas being damaged by the further cleaning of fixation areas become dirty again.
In Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird der Schienenbügel zusätzlich mittels eines Befestigungselements an der Schachtwand fixiert. Damit wird eine besonders sichere Fixierung des Schienenbügels ermöglicht.In an embodiment of the invention, the rail bracket is additionally fixed to the shaft wall by means of a fastening element. This enables a particularly secure fixation of the rail bracket.
Das wenigstens eine Befestigungselement kann als eine Schraube, ein Schraubanker, ein Schraubbolzen oder ein Nagel ausgeführt sein. Das Befestigungselement kann beispielsweise hauptsächlich dazu dienen, dass der Schienenbügel während des notwendigen Aushärtens an seiner gewünschten Position gehalten wird. Darüber hinaus kann das Befestigungselement eine zusätzliche Haltekraft aufbringen, die insbesondere unterhalb der Oberfläche der Schachtwand abgestützt wird. Das dafür notwendige Befestigungselement ist dabei immer kleiner ausgeführt als ein Befestigungselement, das für eine Fixierung des Schienenbügels ohne eine Klebstoffschicht zwischen Schienenbügel und Schachtwand notwendig wäre. Damit ist der Aufwand für das Einbringen des Befestigungselements deutlich einfacher.The at least one fastening element can be designed as a screw, a screw anchor, a screw bolt or a nail. The fastening element can, for example, mainly serve to hold the rail bracket in its desired position during the necessary hardening. In addition, the fastening element can apply an additional holding force, which is supported in particular below the surface of the shaft wall. The fastening element required for this is always made smaller than a fastening element that would be necessary for fixing the rail bracket without an adhesive layer between the rail bracket and the shaft wall. This makes the effort for introducing the fastening element significantly easier.
In Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird die Fixierung des Schienenbügels an der Schachtwand mittels einer mechatronischen Installationskomponente ausgeführt. Damit wir eine besonders einfache und schnelle Durchführung des Verfahrens ermöglicht. Die mechatronische Installationskomponente ist insbesondere Teil einer Montagevorrichtung und wird von einer Trägerkomponente der Montagevorrichtung gehalten. Die Trägerkomponente ist dazu ausgelegt, relativ zum Aufzugschacht, d.h. beispielsweise innerhalb des Aufzugschachts, verlagert zu und in verschiedenen Höhen innerhalb des Aufzugschachts positioniert zu werden. Die Installationskomponente ist dazu ausgelegt, zumindest einen Montageschritt, wie beispielsweise das Fixieren der Schienenbügel an der Schachtwand im Rahmen eines Installationsvorgangs der Aufzugsanlage zumindest teilautomatisch, vorzugsweise vollautomatisch, auszuführen. Die Montagevorrichtung mir der Trägerkomponente und der mechatronischen Installationskomponente ist beispielsweise entsprechend der in der
Die oben genannte Aufgabe wird auch durch eine Aufzuganlage mit einem Aufzugschacht und einer mittels eines Schienenbügels an einer Schachtwand des Aufzugschachts fixierten Führungsschiene gelöst. Erfindungsgemäss ist in einem fixierten Zustand des Schienenbügels zwischen einer Anlagefläche des Schienenbügels und einem endgültigen Fixierungsbereich der Schachtwand eine Klebstoffschicht angeordnet. Dies ermöglicht eine besonders eine einfache und kostengünstige Fixierung des Schienenbügels an die Schachtwand.The above-mentioned object is also achieved by an elevator system with an elevator shaft and one by means of a rail bracket on a shaft wall of the Lift shaft fixed guide rail released. According to the invention, in a fixed state of the rail bracket, an adhesive layer is arranged between a contact surface of the rail bracket and a final fixing area of the shaft wall. This enables a particularly simple and inexpensive fixation of the rail bracket to the shaft wall.
Der Schienenbügel ist insbesondere zusätzlich mittels eines Befestigungselements an der Schachtwand fixiert. Dies ermöglicht eine besonders sichere Fixierung des Schienenbügels an der Schachtwand.In particular, the rail bracket is additionally fixed to the shaft wall by means of a fastening element. This enables a particularly secure fixation of the rail bracket on the shaft wall.
Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich anhand der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen sowie anhand der Zeichnungen, in welchen gleiche oder funktionsgleiche Elemente mit identischen Bezugszeichen versehen sind.Further advantages, features and details of the invention emerge from the following description of exemplary embodiments and from the drawings, in which identical or functionally identical elements are provided with identical reference symbols.
Dabei zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Aufzugschachts einer Aufzuganlage mit einer darin aufgenommenen Montagevorrichtung,
- Fig. 2
- eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Montagevorrichtung,
- Fig. 3
- einen Ausschnitt eines an der Schachtwand des Aufzugsschachts fixierten Schienenbügels in einer Seitenansicht,
- Fig. 4
- einen Ausschnitt einer Schachtwand des Aufzugsschachts mit einem geplanten und einem endgültigen Befestigungsbereich und
- Fig. 5
- einen Ausschnitt einer Schachtwand des Aufzugsschachts mit einem geplanten und einem endgültigen Befestigungsbereich in einem zweiten Beispiel.
- Fig. 1
- a perspective view of an elevator shaft of an elevator installation with an assembly device received therein,
- Fig. 2
- a perspective view of a mounting device,
- Fig. 3
- a section of a rail bracket fixed to the shaft wall of the elevator shaft in a side view,
- Fig. 4
- a section of a shaft wall of the elevator shaft with a planned and a final fastening area and
- Fig. 5
- a section of a shaft wall of the elevator shaft with a planned and a final fastening area in a second example.
In
Die Trägerkomponente 20 ist über ein als Tragmittel 26 dienendes Stahlseil mit einer Verlagerungskomponente 28 in Form einer motorisch angetriebenen Seilwinde verbunden, welche oben an dem Aufzugschacht 10 an einer Haltestelle 29 an der Decke des Aufzugschachts 10 angebracht ist. Mithilfe der Verlagerungskomponente 28 kann die Montagevorrichtung 14 innerhalb des Aufzugschachts 10 in Haupterstreckungsrichtung 11 des Aufzugschachts 10, also vertikal über eine gesamte Länge des Aufzugschachts 10 hin verlagert werden.The
Die Montagevorrichtung 14 weist ferner eine Fixierkomponente 30 auf, mithilfe derer die Trägerkomponente 20 innerhalb des Aufzugschachts 10 in seitlicher Richtung, das heisst in horizontaler Richtung, fixiert werden kann.The
Im Aufzugschacht 10 sind über dessen gesamte Länge zwei Referenzelemente 13 in Form von Schnüren gespannt, die entlang der Haupterstreckungsrichtung 11 ausgerichtet sind. Die Referenzelemente 13 werden von einem Monteur im Aufzugschacht 10 angebracht und bilden die Referenz für die Ausrichtung und Montage von Führungsschienen der Aufzuganlage 12. Die Führungsschienen müssen damit in montiertem Zustand parallel zu den Referenzelementen 13 und in einem bestimmten Abstand zu den Referenzelementen 13 verlaufen.Two
Die Trägerkomponente 20 ist als käfigartiges Gestell ausgebildet, bei dem mehrere horizontal und vertikal verlaufende Holme eine mechanisch belastbare Struktur bilden.The
Oben an der käfigartigen Trägerkomponente 20 sind Halteseile 32 angebracht, welche mit dem Tragmittel 26 verbunden werden können.At the top of the cage-
In der dargestellten Ausführungsform ist die mechatronische Installationskomponente 22 mithilfe eines Industrieroboters 24 ausgeführt. In dem dargestellten Beispiel ist der Industrieroboter 24 mit mehreren um Schwenkachsen verschwenkbaren Roboterarmen ausgestattet. Beispielsweise kann der Industrieroboter mindestens sechs Freiheitsgrade aufweisen, das heisst, ein von dem Industrieroboter 24 geführtes Montagewerkzeug 34 kann mit sechs Freiheitsgraden bewegt werden, das heisst beispielsweise mit drei Rotationsfreiheitsgraden und drei Translationsfreiheitsgraden. Beispielsweise kann der Industrieroboter als Vertikal-Knickarmroboter, als Horizontal-Knickarmroboter oder als SCARA-Roboter oder als kartesischer Roboter bzw. Portalroboter ausgeführt sein.In the embodiment shown, the
Der Roboter kann an seinem freitragenden Ende mit verschiedenen Montagewerkzeugen 34 gekoppelt werden. Die Montagewerkzeuge 34 können sich hinsichtlich ihrer Auslegung und ihres Einsatzzweckes unterscheiden. Die Montagewerkzeuge 34 können an der Trägerkomponente 20 derart gehalten werden, dass das freitragende Ende des Industrieroboters 24 an sie herangefahren werden und mit einem von ihnen gekoppelt werden kann. Der Industrieroboter 24 kann hierzu beispielsweise über ein Werkzeugwechselsystem verfügen, das so ausgebildet ist, dass es mindestens die Handhabung mehrerer solcher Montagewerkzeuge 34 ermöglicht.The robot can be coupled to
Eines der Montagewerkzeuge 34 ist als Sensor, beispielsweise als Laserscanner ausgeführt, mittels welchem die relative Lage der Trägerkomponente 20 gegenüber den Referenzelementen 13 bestimmt werden kann. Dies kann beispielsweise mit einem Verfahren durchgeführt werden, das in der nicht vorveröffentlichten europäischen Patentanmeldung der Anmelderin mit der Anmeldenummer
Mit dem genannten Laserscanner kann auch die Schachtwand 18, insbesondere ein vorgesehener Fixierungsbereich (41 in
Die Position der Trägerkomponente im Aufzugschacht kann auch mit Hilfe eines digitalen Modells der Aufzuganlage bestimmt werden. Dazu muss der gesamte Aufzugschacht beispielsweise mittels eines Laserscanners vermessen werden.The position of the carrier component in the elevator shaft can also be determined with the aid of a digital model of the elevator system. For this purpose, the entire elevator shaft has to be measured, for example using a laser scanner.
Eines der Montagewerkzeuge 34 ist als Werkzeug zum Aufrauen der Schachtwand 18, insbesondere als ein Werkzeug mit einer rotierenden Stahlbürste oder einem Winkelschleifer ausgeführt.One of the
Eines der Montagewerkzeuge 34 ist als Werkzeug zum Säubern der Schachtwand 18, insbesondere als ein Werkzeug zum Absaugen der Schachtwand 18 oder zum Abgeben von Pressluft ausgeführt.One of the
Eines der Montagewerkzeuge 34 ist als Werkzeug zum Auftragen von Klebstoff auf die Schachtwand 18 und/oder eine Anlagefläche (45 in
Eines der Montagewerkzeuge 34 kann als Bohrwerkzeug, ähnlich einer Bohrmaschine, ausgestaltet sein. Durch Kopplung des Industrieroboters 24 mit einem solchen Bohrwerkzeug kann die Installationskomponente 22 dazu ausgestaltet werden, ein zumindest teilweise automatisiert gesteuertes Bohren von Befestigungslöchern in einer der Schachtwände 18 des Aufzugschachts 10 zu ermöglichen. Das Bohrwerkzeug kann hierbei von dem Industrieroboter 24 derart bewegt und gehandhabt werden, dass das Bohrwerkzeug mit einem Bohrer an einer vorgesehenen Position Löcher in die Schachtwand 18 des Aufzugschachts 10 bohrt, in die später Befestigungselemente in Form von Schrauben oder Schraubankern zur Fixierung von Schienenbügelunterteilen eingeschraubt werden.One of the
Ein weiteres Montagewerkzeug 34 kann als Schrauber ausgestaltet, um zumindest teilautomatisch Schraubanker oder Schrauben in zuvor gebohrte Befestigungslöcher in die Schachtwand 18 des Aufzugschachts 10 einzuschrauben.A
Ein weiteres Montagewerkzeug 34 kann als eine Nagelmaschine ausgestaltet sein, mittels welcher Nägel durch ein Schienenbügelunterteil 16 in die Schachtwand 18 geschossen werden können.Another
Ein weiteres Montagewerkzeug 34 ist als ein Greifer ausgestaltet, um zumindest teilautomatisch ein Schienenbügelunterteil 16 an der Schachtwand 18 zu fixierenAnother
Ein weiteres Montagewerkzeug 34 kann als ein Bohrmeissel ausgeführt sein, mittels welchem kleinere Vorsprünge an der Schachtwand entfernt werden können.Another
An der Trägerkomponente 20 kann ferner eine Magazinkomponente 36 vorgesehen sein. Die Magazinkomponente 36 kann dazu dienen, zu installierende Schienenbügelunterteile 16 zu lagern und der Installationskomponente 22 bereitzustellen. In der Magazinkomponente 36 können auch Schraubanker oder Schrauben gelagert und bereitgestellt werden, die mithilfe der Installationskomponente 22 in vorgefertigte Befestigungslöcher in der Schachtwand 18 eingeschraubt werden können.A
Zum Fixieren eines Schienenbügelunterteils 16 an der Schachtwand 18 wird zunächst von einer nicht dargestellten Steuerungseinrichtung eine Sollposition des Schienenbügelunterteils 16 und damit ein vorgesehener Fixierungsbereich (41 in
Wenn die genannte Prüfbedingung erfüllt ist, wird der vorgesehene Fixierungsbereich als der endgültige Fixierungsbereich übernommen und das Schienenbügelunterteil 16 wird im endgültigen Fixierungsbereich an der Schachtwand 18 fixiert.If the aforementioned test condition is met, the intended fixing area is adopted as the final fixing area and the rail bracket
Ist die genannte Prüfbedingung nicht erfüllt, so kann zumindest ohne weitere Vorarbeiten das Schienenbügelunterteil 16 nicht im vorgesehenen Fixierungsbereich an der Schachtwand fixiert werden. Wenn die Schachtwand 18 im vorgesehenen Fixierungsbereich nur kleinere Vorsprünge aufweist, können diese mit einem als Bohrmeissel ausgeführten Montagewerkzeug 34 entfernt und anschliessend eine erneute Überprüfung durchgeführt werden.If the aforementioned test condition is not met, the
Wenn die Schachtwand 18 grössere Unebenheiten aufweist, so wird von der Steuerungseinrichtung ein möglicher Fixierungsbereich dadurch gesucht, dass der vorgesehene Fixierungsbereich leicht verschoben wird, so dass sich der neue vorgesehene Fixierungsbereich 42 in
Wenn einer oder mehrere der beschriebenen Verschiebungen des vorgesehenen Fixierungsbereichs nicht erfolgreich sind, kann die Steuerungseinrichtung die Form des vorgesehenen Fixierungsbereichs 43 verändern, so dass sich der neue vorgesehene Fixierungsbereich 44 in
Wenn ein endgültiger Fixierungsbereich gefunden wurde, so wird zunächst der vorgesehene Fixierungsbereich mit Pressluft gesäubert oder abgesaugt. Anschliessend wird der vorgesehene Fixierungsbereich mit einem Montagewerkzeug 34, das eine rotierende Drahtbürste aufweist, oder einem als Winkelschleifer ausgeführten Montagewerkzeug 34 aufgeraut. Anschliessend kann optional eine Haftschicht auf den vorgesehenen Fixierungsbereich aufgetragen werden. Damit ist der vorgesehene Fixierungsbereich für das Fixieren des Schienenbügelunterteils vorbereitet, so dass mit einem als Werkzeug zum Auftragen von Klebstoff ausgeführten Montagewerkzeug 34 Klebstoff auf den vorgesehenen Fixierungsbereich der Schachtwand 18 und/oder die Anlagefläche (45 in
Nachdem die Klebstoffschicht 48 aufgetragen ist, wird mit einem als Greifer ausgeführten Montagewerkzeug 34 das Schienenbügelunterteil 16 am endgültigen Fixierungsbereich fixiert.After the
Um das Schienenbügelunterteil 16 bis zum Abschluss des Aushärtens des Klebstoffs sicher an der Schachtwand 18 zu fixieren, kann mittels eines als Nagelmaschine ausgeführten Montagewerkzeugs 34 mit einem Nagel 49 zusätzlich an der Schachtwand 18 zu fixieren. Der Nagel 49 kann dabei insbesondere ohne ein vorbereitetes Loch durch das Schienenbügelunterteil 16 geschossen werden.In order to fix the rail bracket
Um Sicherzustellen, dass das Schienenbügelunterteil bis zur weiteren Fixierung mit dem Nagel 49 in seiner vorgesehenen Position verbleibt, kann das Montagewerkzeug einen weiteren Arm aufweisen, mittels welchem das Schienenbügelunterteil bis zum Einbringen des Nagels gehalten werden kann.In order to ensure that the rail bracket lower part remains in its intended position until it is further fixed with the
Statt einen Nagel einzubringen, kann auch eine Schraube eingebracht werden, In diesem Fall muss vor der Fixierung des Schienenbügelunterteils ein Loch in die Schachtwand gebohrt werden. Ausserdem muss das Schienenbügelunterteil ein passendes Loch aufweisen, durch das die Schraube geführt werden kann. Darüber hinaus sind auch weitere Möglichkeiten der Fixierung des Schienenbügelunterteils während des Aushärten des Klebstoffs denkbar.Instead of inserting a nail, a screw can also be inserted. In this case, a hole must be drilled in the shaft wall before the lower part of the rail bracket is fixed. In addition, the lower part of the rail bracket must have a suitable hole through which the screw can be passed. In addition, other possibilities for fixing the lower part of the rail bracket during the curing of the adhesive are also conceivable.
Beim Fixieren mehrerer Schienenbügel an der Schachtwand werden zuerst alle endgültigen Fixierungsbereiche im Aufzugschacht aufgeraut, dann alle endgültigen Fixierungsbereiche im Aufzugschacht gesäubert und anschliessend alle Schienenbügel an den Schachtwänden des Aufzugschachts fixiert. Das Aufrauen und Säubern wird dabei jeweils von oben nach unten durchgeführt.When fixing several rail brackets to the shaft wall, first all final fixing areas in the elevator shaft are roughened, then all final ones Fixing areas in the elevator shaft cleaned and then all rail brackets attached to the shaft walls of the elevator shaft. Roughening and cleaning is carried out from top to bottom.
Anstatt wie beschrieben die Schienenbügelunterteile mit einer Montagevorrichtung 14 zumindest teilautomatisch an den Schachtwänden 18 des Aufzugschachts zu befestigen, kann dies auch von einem Monteur von Hand mit Hilfe entsprechender Montagewerkzeugen durchgeführt werden.Instead of fastening the lower parts of the rail bracket to the
Abschließend ist darauf hinzuweisen, dass Begriffe wie "aufweisend", "umfassend", etc. keine anderen Elemente oder Schritte ausschließen und Begriffe wie "eine" oder "ein" keine Vielzahl ausschließen. Ferner sei daraufhingewiesen, dass Merkmale oder Schritte, die mit Verweis auf eines der obigen Ausführungsbeispiele beschrieben worden sind, auch in Kombination mit anderen Merkmalen oder Schritten anderer oben beschriebener Ausführungsbeispiele verwendet werden können. Bezugszeichen in den Ansprüchen sind nicht als Einschränkung anzusehen.Finally, it should be pointed out that terms such as “having”, “comprising”, etc. do not exclude any other elements or steps and that terms such as “a” or “an” do not exclude a plurality. It should also be pointed out that features or steps that have been described with reference to one of the above exemplary embodiments can also be used in combination with other features or steps of other exemplary embodiments described above. Reference signs in the claims are not to be regarded as a restriction.
Claims (15)
- Method for fixing a rail bracket (16) for mounting a guide rail (15) on a shaft wall (18) of an elevator shaft (10) of an elevator system (12),
characterized in that
an adhesive layer (48) is applied which, in a fixed state of the rail bracket (16), is arranged between a support surface (45) of the rail bracket (16) and a final fixing region (42, 44) of the shaft wall (18). - Method according to claim 1,
characterized in that
a planned fixing region (41, 43) of the shaft wall (18) is checked and the planned fixing region (41, 43) is selected as the final fixing region (42, 44) only if a specified test requirement is fulfilled. - Method according to claim 2,
characterized in that
for checking the planned fixing region (41, 43) of the shaft wall (18), an extension of the shaft wall (18) in the planned fixing region (41, 43) in a direction (47) mainly vertical to the shaft wall (18) is detected. - Method according to claim 3,
characterized in that
the specified test requirement is fulfilled if a maximum difference (46) of the mentioned extension of the shaft wall (18) is smaller than a limit value. - Method according to one of the claims 2, 3 or 4,
characterized in that
a thickness of the applied adhesive layer (48) depends on the result of the check of the planned fixing region (41, 43) of the shaft wall (18). - Method according to one of the claims 2 to 5,
characterized in that
in the case in which the specified test requirement is not fulfilled, the planned fixing region (41, 43) is adjusted. - Method according to claim 6,
characterized in that
in the case in which the adjusted planned fixing region (44) extends beyond the originally planned fixing region (43), a new check is performed. - Method according to one of the claims 1 to 7,
characterized in that
the final fixing region (42, 44) is pretreated before the rail bracket (16) is arranged. - Method according to claim 8,
characterized in that
the final fixing region (42, 44) is roughened. - Method according to claim 8 or 9,
characterized in that
the final fixing region (42, 44) is cleaned. - Method according to claim 9 or 10,
characterized in that- first all final fixing regions (42, 44) in the elevator shaft (10) are roughened,- then all final fixing regions (42, 44) in the elevator shaft (10) are cleaned, and- then all rail brackets (16) are fixed to the shaft walls (18) of the elevator shaft (10). - Method according to one of the claims 1 to 11,
characterized in that
the rail bracket (16) is additionally fixed to the shaft wall (18) by means of a fixing element (49). - Method according to one of the claims 1 to 12,
characterized in that
the fixing of the rail bracket (16) to the shaft wall (18) is performed by means of a mechatronic installation component (22). - Elevator system having an elevator shaft (10) and a guide rail (15) which is fixed to a shaft wall (18) of the elevator shaft (18) by means of a rail bracket (16), characterized in that
in a fixed state of the rail bracket (16), an adhesive layer (48) is arranged between a support surface (45) of the rail bracket (16) and a final fixing region (42, 44) of the shaft wall (18). - Elevator system according to claim 14,
characterized in that
the rail bracket (16) is additionally fixed to the shaft wall (18) by means of a fixing element (49).
Priority Applications (1)
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PL18701501T PL3580428T3 (en) | 2017-02-08 | 2018-02-01 | Method for fixing a rail bracket of a lift assembly and lift assembly |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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EP17155105 | 2017-02-08 | ||
PCT/EP2018/052487 WO2018145984A1 (en) | 2017-02-08 | 2018-02-01 | Method for fixing a rail bracket of an elevator system, and elevator system |
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EP3580428A1 EP3580428A1 (en) | 2019-12-18 |
EP3580428B1 true EP3580428B1 (en) | 2021-01-06 |
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EP18701501.1A Active EP3580428B1 (en) | 2017-02-08 | 2018-02-01 | Method for fixing a rail bracket of a lift assembly and lift assembly |
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US (1) | US11186464B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3580428B1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR102427583B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN110268134B (en) |
AU (1) | AU2018217794B2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2849569T3 (en) |
PL (1) | PL3580428T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2018145984A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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ES2791486T3 (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2020-11-04 | Inventio Ag | Procedure and assembly device to carry out an installation process in a hoistway of an elevator installation |
ES2779028T3 (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2020-08-13 | Inventio Ag | Procedure and assembly device to carry out an installation process in a hoistway of an elevator installation |
WO2018177888A1 (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2018-10-04 | Inventio Ag | Method and assembly device for carrying out an installation process in a lift shaft of an elevator system |
CA3071657A1 (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2019-04-04 | Inventio Ag | Orienting device and method for mounting a guide rail in an elevator shaft of an elevator system |
SG11202008865QA (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2020-10-29 | Inventio Ag | Method for erecting a lift facility |
AU2019345881A1 (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2021-03-11 | Inventio Ag | Method for planning and at least partially installing an elevator system in an elevator shaft |
EP3883876B1 (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2022-10-19 | Inventio Ag | Method and mounting device for the automated determination of a drilling position a borehole |
EP3972925B1 (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2023-02-22 | Inventio Ag | Alignment device and method for aligning a guide rail of a lift system by means of power pulses |
WO2021110546A1 (en) | 2019-12-05 | 2021-06-10 | Inventio Ag | Fixing a lift component to a shaft wall |
BR112022017766A2 (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2022-10-18 | Inventio Ag | METHOD TO FORM GUIDE STRUCTURE TO GUIDE ELEVATOR CABIN IN ELEVATOR WELL |
JP7027507B1 (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2022-03-01 | 東芝エレベータ株式会社 | Rail installation support device, rail installation support method, rail installation support system and rail installation support program |
CN113401767B (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2022-04-29 | 重庆翰洲机电设备有限公司 | Elevator guide rail support pre-installation equipment |
CN114961174B (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2023-11-21 | 中建安装集团有限公司 | Post-installation process and auxiliary positioning device for smoke exhaust pipe of vertical shaft |
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2018
- 2018-02-01 CN CN201880010966.XA patent/CN110268134B/en active Active
- 2018-02-01 US US16/478,160 patent/US11186464B2/en active Active
- 2018-02-01 WO PCT/EP2018/052487 patent/WO2018145984A1/en unknown
- 2018-02-01 PL PL18701501T patent/PL3580428T3/en unknown
- 2018-02-01 ES ES18701501T patent/ES2849569T3/en active Active
- 2018-02-01 KR KR1020197022005A patent/KR102427583B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2018-02-01 AU AU2018217794A patent/AU2018217794B2/en active Active
- 2018-02-01 EP EP18701501.1A patent/EP3580428B1/en active Active
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CN110268134B (en) | 2021-03-19 |
US11186464B2 (en) | 2021-11-30 |
KR102427583B1 (en) | 2022-07-29 |
AU2018217794B2 (en) | 2021-05-13 |
BR112019014532A2 (en) | 2020-03-31 |
AU2018217794A1 (en) | 2019-08-15 |
WO2018145984A1 (en) | 2018-08-16 |
PL3580428T3 (en) | 2021-06-14 |
EP3580428A1 (en) | 2019-12-18 |
KR20190116281A (en) | 2019-10-14 |
ES2849569T3 (en) | 2021-08-19 |
US20190367328A1 (en) | 2019-12-05 |
CN110268134A (en) | 2019-09-20 |
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