EP3564758B1 - Method for manufacturing timepiece components comprising an aventurine decorative coating - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing timepiece components comprising an aventurine decorative coating Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP3564758B1
EP3564758B1 EP18170444.6A EP18170444A EP3564758B1 EP 3564758 B1 EP3564758 B1 EP 3564758B1 EP 18170444 A EP18170444 A EP 18170444A EP 3564758 B1 EP3564758 B1 EP 3564758B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
aventurine
timepiece component
fabricating
support
decorative coating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18170444.6A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3564758A1 (en
Inventor
Claire McGill
Gregory Kissling
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Omega SA
Original Assignee
Omega SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Omega SA filed Critical Omega SA
Priority to EP18170444.6A priority Critical patent/EP3564758B1/en
Priority to US16/381,850 priority patent/US20190338425A1/en
Priority to CN201910359023.4A priority patent/CN110442008A/en
Publication of EP3564758A1 publication Critical patent/EP3564758A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3564758B1 publication Critical patent/EP3564758B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23DENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
    • C23D5/00Coating with enamels or vitreous layers
    • C23D5/08Applying enamels non-uniformly over the surface
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44CPRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C5/00Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23DENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
    • C23D13/00After-treatment of the enamelled articles
    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/06Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
    • G04B17/063Balance construction
    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/06Dials
    • G04B19/12Selection of materials for dials or graduations markings
    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/26Clocks or watches with indicators for tides, for the phases of the moon, or the like
    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B29/00Frameworks
    • G04B29/02Plates; Bridges; Cocks
    • G04B29/027Materials and manufacturing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B37/00Cases
    • G04B37/22Materials or processes of manufacturing pocket watch or wrist watch cases
    • G04B37/225Non-metallic cases
    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B45/00Time pieces of which the indicating means or cases provoke special effects, e.g. aesthetic effects
    • G04B45/0015Light-, colour-, line- or spot-effects caused by or on stationary parts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing watch components comprising a decorative aventurine coating, in particular a method of manufacturing watch dials formed partially from aventurine.
  • the pieces of aventurine glass have the appearance of a semi-precious stone, so that those skilled in the art consider them to be artificial semi-precious stones which he generally calls 'aventurine'.
  • These aventurine glasses give to be mistaken, after cutting pieces available and polishing plates or other shapes, a natural stone appearance to the dials or other watch components made from these aventurine pieces.
  • pieces of aventurine of deep blue color due to a presence of Cobalt in their composition, which are particularly appreciated for watchmaking applications, because the dials obtained from these pieces of aventurine present an aspect of a starry sky of all beauty thanks to the sparkling of small copper crystals.
  • dials and display discs / rings for timepieces with aventurine
  • the person skilled in the art works this material as one works with a semi-precious stone or a quartz crystal, by cutting pieces of aventurine in thin plates which are then glued on metal supports.
  • Such dials and display discs / rings dress watches from several watch brands, including OMEGA, Jaquet Droz and Bulgari TM watches.
  • patterns and / or indexes on aventurine plates already presents a risk of cracking them. If it is desired to have patterns and / or indexes in relief on a dial, they can in particular be produced in metal by electroforming on an aventurine plate; but such a process is generally carried out on the aventurine wafer before bonding to its support. This process requires various manipulations so that the risk of breaking the wafer is high. It is also possible to obtain patterns and / or indexes made of metal, in particular of noble metal, by structuring the metal support of the dial so that these patterns and / or indexes are in relief relative to the surface intended to receive the plate by gluing. aventurine.
  • the document JP 2005 274 358 A in the name of CITIZEN WATCH discloses a method for decorating a watch component.
  • a metal substrate is filled with a dough formed from colored glass powder, then the dough is baked in an oven at 750-800 degrees.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide watch components, in particular dials, having at least one surface covered with aventurine to form a decorative coating, while solving the various problems mentioned in the description of the prior art.
  • the manufacturing process according to the invention is remarkable because a decorative coating is thus obtained which perfectly exhibits the aesthetic characteristics of aventurine, namely an appearance of a semi-precious stone with the sparkle specific to aventurine. It is surprising that passing through a baking oven does not significantly reduce the flicker from the small copper crystals, because copper oxidizes easily and then exhibits a dull, green or black color. Tests carried out with enamel powders to which a granular powder of oxidative metal, in particular copper, have been added, gave negative results, without flickering. In the case of copper filings, the copper grains have blackened in the baking oven. Then even with non-oxidative metals, especially with gold powder, the remarkable scintillation of aventurine is not obtained. In addition, it is difficult to have a homogeneous distribution of the gold powder in the enamel.
  • the sequence of steps D) and E) of the manufacturing process is repeated several times, so that the decorative coating is formed from a plurality of enamel layers consisting of aventurine and deposited one on top of the other. the other.
  • the plurality of layers of enamel deposited ultimately form only a single layer of enamel having a greater thickness.
  • This decorative coating thus has a thickness making it possible to give a certain depth to the decorative coating and to hide the support well.
  • the decorative coating has a thickness between 200 and 300 microns (200-300 ⁇ m). Such a thickness remains relatively low relative to aventurine platelets such as made in the prior art which have a thickness generally between 400 and 500 microns. The present invention therefore makes it possible to produce dials having a lesser thickness.
  • a fondant is deposited on the aventurine enamel obtained and it is baked to form an upper layer. transparent which is homogeneous and has an even upper surface.
  • a final step of polishing the decorative coating is carried out, this polishing possibly having a preliminary phase consisting of stoning making it possible to better level the upper surface of the decorative coating. Polishing is made easier to perform and the result is generally better when a layer of flux is applied to the aventurine enamel. This is because the cooled fondant layer can be polished to give a perfectly smooth top surface, while aventurine enamel poses a problem. polishing due to the presence of copper crystals in this aventurine enamel which may be on or near its surface.
  • enamelling is carried out on a rear surface of the support, that is to say on the side opposite to that of the surface intended to receive the decorative coating, this enamelling forming a back-enamel making it possible to best retain the initial shape of the support during the formation of one or more layer (s) of enamel to form the decorative coating and to prevent the appearance of cracks in this decorative coating during of its realization.
  • a support 4 is produced having a rigid base, the general shape of which defines a disc.
  • This support 4 is made of a material having a melting temperature greater than 1000 °.
  • a surface 6, intended to receive a decorative coating, is machined in the support on its upper side, that is to say on the visible side of the dial once incorporated into a watch case.
  • the support is metallic, in particular gold or silver, and has patterns 8 intended to be visible in the finished product, these patterns being integral with the base of the support.
  • the patterns 8 define Roman numerals from I to XII.
  • the number of patterns is relatively high and some of these patterns, namely the V and X, have an outline defining a complex shape with sharp eagles reentering.
  • the spaces between certain patterns provided to receive the decorative coating have a small width.
  • the surface 6 is planar and machined recessed in the support 4.
  • the dial has at least one opening 14 delimited by an internal rim 12 which projects from the surface 6, this support further having an external rim 10 projecting from the surface. 6 and delimiting the outer periphery of this surface.
  • Dial feet 18 are fixed to the support 4 on its lower side.
  • At least one piece of aventurine 20A - 20C is provided which is formed from a mass of colored glass containing copper crystals distributed throughout the mass.
  • Stocks of such pieces of aventurine made in the past in the Venice region, especially Murano, are available and offered for sale by various specialist companies.
  • These pieces of aventurine can have various dimensions, including several centimeters, and various shapes. They come from blocks of aventurine formed in the crucible of glass production furnaces.
  • At least one piece of aventurine is crushed so as to obtain a granular powder 22.
  • the grain size can be variable.
  • the support 4 and the granular powder deposited on the surface 6 are introduced into a baking oven in which this powder.
  • granular is at least partially melted (that is to say it enters a so-called viscous state) so as to obtain, after removing the assembly thus obtained from the baking oven and allowing this assembly to cool, a layer of 'enamel made up aventurine which covers the surface 6 of the support and forms a decorative coating 16 which adheres strongly to the support.
  • the temperature during baking of the granular powder is approximately between 700 ° and 900 °.
  • the duration of the passage in the baking oven is for example about two minutes.
  • the cooling of the assembly taken out of the baking oven is carried out slowly so as to avoid a thermal shock which could generate deformations of this assembly and the appearance of cracks in the enamel layer.
  • the deposit of granular aventurine powder on the surface 6 consists of an application of this mixture on this surface of the support 4. Such an application can be done using a brush.
  • the granular aventurine powder is deposited in the form of a liquid paste
  • a step of drying this liquid paste that is to say of the mixture consisting of the granular powder and the liquid, after its deposition on the surface 6, this drying step being carried out in a drying oven before the introduction of the support and the granular powder spread on the surface 6 in the baking oven.
  • the temperature in the drying oven is set between 50 ° and 200 °. The drying time depends on the thickness of the deposited liquid paste, its viscosity and the expected drying temperature.
  • the sequence of steps, from depositing the granular aventurine powder to its slow cooling after melting in the baking oven, is repeated several times so that the decorative coating is finally formed.
  • the decorative coating has a thickness between 200 and 300 microns (200-300 ⁇ m), this range of values being non-limiting.
  • the internal rim 12 bordering the opening 14 and the external rim 10 form lateral stops for the granular powder deposited on the surface 6 during at least a first sequence of steps ranging from the deposit of granular powder of aventurine to its cooling after melting in the baking oven.
  • the patterns 8, in relief inside the surface 6, form lateral stops for the granular powder deposited on this surface during at least the first aforementioned sequence of steps.
  • the manufacturing process according to the invention has the advantage that the decorative coating formed from aventurine precisely matches the contours of the patterns provided inside the decorative coating and also the contours of the edges bordering the openings, so that it does not There is no gap between the aventurine enamel and these patterns and edges.
  • the patterns can be relatively complex and have small spaces between them, thanks to the deposition of a granular aventurine powder in the manner of enameling.
  • a flux on the upper layer of aventurine enamel is provided.
  • This fondant is baked to form a transparent upper layer of the decorative coating 16.
  • Such a fondant consists of a glass which generally melts at a temperature below the melting point of the granular aventurine powder.
  • This layer of fondant makes it possible to better even out the upper surface of the decorative coating and to make it more regular and smooth, in particular by filling small crevices or slight depressions on the surface of the aventurine enamel and / or by covering crystals of copper that can appear on the surface of aventurine enamel.
  • the flux makes it possible to avoid a possible oxidation of aventurine crystals located on the surface of the aventurine enamel.
  • Another important advantage of the transparent glass surface layer stems from the fact that the surface of this surface layer is easier to polish and that it is thus possible relatively easily to obtain perfectly smooth and shiny surfaces.
  • the polishing of aventurine enamel is difficult to carry out correctly because copper crystals located on the surface of the enamel or in the direct vicinity of it detach during polishing, which generates porosities on the surface. .
  • the copper crystals that are removed from the surface during polishing scratch the surface. enamel surface.
  • the flux which does not contain metal crystals does not present such a problem.
  • This final polishing step may have several phases, namely a preliminary phase consisting of stoning, allowing significant material removal to equalize the upper level of the decorative coating 16, which is followed by one or more polishing phases with less removal. of material and carried out so as to obtain a perfectly smooth and shiny surface. It will be noted that this polishing step also serves to remove enamel which may cover all or parts of the patterns 8, these patterns finally being flush with the decorative coating 16 and having shiny upper surfaces.
  • the second mode of implementation differs from the first mode of implementation by the fact that enamelling is carried out on a surface 38 of the support 4A of the dial 24, on the side opposite to that of the surface 6A intended to receive the coating.
  • decorative 26 this enamel forming a counter-enamel 48.
  • This counter-enamel makes it possible to equalize the tensions in the support so as to limit as much as possible the deformations of the support during the passages of the assembly, formed by this support and the enamel deposited on both sides of the support, in the baking oven and more particularly during the subsequent cooling. It will be understood that such a back-enamel is all the more necessary as the thickness of the dial is low. Thus, for a support whose base has a thickness substantially equal to 1.0 millimeter or greater, it is possible not to provide a counter-enameling. On the other hand, for dials having a final thickness of less than 1.0 millimeter, it is preferable to provide against-enameling.
  • the base of the support has a thickness of 0.55 mm while the decorative coating 26 and the counter-enamel 48 each have a thickness of 0.15 mm, the dial thus having a total thickness of 0.85 mm. .
  • an enamelling step is therefore carried out on a surface of the support 4A on the side opposite that of the surface 6A intended to receive the decorative coating, this enameling serving to form a back-enamel 48 making it possible to preserve the initial shape of the support during the passages of the assembly, formed by this support and the enamel deposited on both sides of the support, in the baking oven and more particularly during cooling that follows.
  • the support 4A of the dial 24 has several openings, namely an opening 28 for displaying the moon phase and three circular openings 14, 14A and 14B for the passage of the needle barrels provided for the display of various data, in particular current time, time interval (chronograph) or calendar data. It will be noted that for calendar data, one or more rectangular openings can be provided in the dial, each defining a window allowing calendar data to appear (variant not shown).
  • the openings 28, 14, 14A and 14B have, on the side of the upper face 25 of the dial, respectively edges 30, 12, 12A and 12B which protrude. of the surface 6A machined in the support 4A.
  • the openings 28, 14, 14A and 14B have, on the side of the lower face 36 of the support 4A, respectively edges 42, 40, 40A and 40B which protrude from the machined surface 38 in support 4A.
  • the outer perimeter of the decorative covering is delimited by an outer rim 10 just as the outer perimeter of the counter-enamel is delimited by an outer rim 10A projecting from the surface 38.
  • the internal profile 44 of the rim 10A does not correspond to that of the rim 10, but it defines a sinuous path so as to include in the rim 10A the cavities 34. It will also be noted that, so as to limit the final thickness of the dial while having a sufficiently thick decorative coating not to reveal the support and to give a certain depth to this decorative coating, the thickness of the back-enamel 48 is provided less than that of the decorative coating 26, as shown in Figures 8 and 9 . Thus, the decorative coating may have a thickness of 0.20 to 0.25 millimeter while the backing layer has a thickness of 0.15 millimeter.
  • the backing enamel 48 should not be in aventurine, but it can be formed by another more common enamel or by a transparent flux having, preferably, a melting temperature substantially identical to that of the colored glass of the same.
  • the support 4A has two holes 46 on the side of the lower face 36 for two feet intended to position and fix the dial 24 to a watch movement.
  • dial 56 is essentially distinguished from dial 2 of the Figures 1 to 3 by two characteristics.
  • the dial 56 has a layer of counter-enamel 66, on the side of its rear face, which is deposited and formed in a recess machined in the support 4B so as to define a recessed surface 60 intended to receive the back-enamel. .
  • the surface is delimited, as in the second embodiment of the invention, by an outer rim 62 and an inner rim 64 surrounding the central hole 14.
  • the dial 56 has an upper surface 58 (main surface visible in the watch), defined by the patterns 8B in relief and the upper surface of the decorative coating 16B formed of aventurine, which is domed.
  • the decorative covering 16B is not formed by a flat layer, the surface 6B intended to receive it having parts having a certain inclination relative to the general plane of the dial 56.
  • the dial according to the variant described here has a domed upper surface, which is at least partially defined by the upper surface of said decorative coating.
  • Such an embodiment can be obtained relatively easily by virtue of the method for manufacturing a timepiece component according to the invention.
  • aventurine is crushed and deposited in the manner of enameling, the granular powder of aventurine mixed with a liquid thus being able to be deposited on non-flat surfaces in a manner similar to a deposit on flat surfaces, and the baking this granular powder makes it possible to obtain enamel layers consisting of aventurine and each having a relatively constant thickness but of non-planar shapes.
  • the final polishing step in particular with diamond, makes it possible to obtain an upper surface 58 having a curved profile which is regular and shiny.
  • the production of decorative coverings with a curved outer surface is a great advantage of the manufacturing process according to the invention.
  • the method of manufacturing a watch component according to the invention does not apply only to a display element, in particular a dial or a disc indicating the moon phase, but also to others. watch components.
  • the horological component is part of a watch case, in particular a bezel, or the horological component is part of a watch movement, in particular a bridge or an oscillating weight.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)

Description

Domaine techniqueTechnical area

La présente invention concerne un procédé de fabrication de composants horlogers comprenant un revêtement décoratif en aventurine, en particulier un procédé de fabrication de cadrans de montre formés partiellement d'aventurine.The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing watch components comprising a decorative aventurine coating, in particular a method of manufacturing watch dials formed partially from aventurine.

Arrière-plan technologiqueTechnological background

Il est connu depuis longtemps de réaliser des montres incorporant pour leur décoration des parties réalisées en pierre précieuse ou semi-précieuse. En particulier, il est connu de réaliser des cadrans en pierre précieuse, par exemple en lapis-lazuli, qui donnent aux montres un caractère de joaillerie.It has long been known to produce watches incorporating for their decoration parts made of precious or semi-precious stone. In particular, it is known to make dials from precious stone, for example from lapis lazuli, which give watches a jewelry character.

Pour réaliser des cadrans en pierre précieuse ou semi-précieuse, on part de pierres que l'on découpe en fines tranches, lesquelles sont ensuite polies et découpées. Grâce aux techniques de découpage actuel, il est possible de découper divers profils et de réaliser des ouvertures dans les fines plaquettes obtenues. On notera que pour rendre le cadran en pierre moins cassant et assurer son positionnement dans la montre, la personne du métier colle généralement les fines plaquettes de pierre sur des supports métalliques, de préférence en métal noble.To make precious or semi-precious stone dials, we start with stones that are cut into thin slices, which are then polished and cut. Thanks to current cutting techniques, it is possible to cut various profiles and make openings in the thin plates obtained. It will be noted that in order to make the stone dial less brittle and ensure its positioning in the watch, the person skilled in the art generally sticks the fine stone plates on metal supports, preferably of noble metal.

Les techniques classiques de fabrication de cadrans en pierre précieuse ou semi-précieuse ont également été utilisées pour fabriquer des cadrans en aventurine. On notera que le terme 'aventurine' a été initialement utilisé pour décrire des verres colorés particuliers qui ont été fabriqués par le passé dans des verreries à Murano en Italie. Ces verres colorés présentent un scintillement caractéristique dû à la présence de petits cristaux de cuivre qui se forment lors de la fusion du verre dans un four à haute température et qui grossissent lors d'un lent refroidissement du verre obtenu. Ensuite, le terme 'aventurine' a été utilisé pour nommer des pierres naturelles, en particulier des pierres en quartz coloré présentant un tel scintillement.Classical techniques of making dials from precious or semi-precious stone have also been used to make dials from aventurine. Note that the term 'aventurine' was originally used to describe particular colored glasses that were made in the past in glass factories in Murano, Italy. These colored glasses have a characteristic sparkle due to the presence of small copper crystals which form during the melting of glass in a furnace at high temperature and which enlarge during slow cooling of the glass obtained. Then the term 'aventurine' was used to name natural stones, especially colored quartz stones exhibiting such a sparkle.

On trouve des verres d'aventurine de diverses couleurs, notamment de couleur rouge, de couleur bleue et de couleur verte. Les morceaux de verre d'aventurine ont un aspect de pierre semi-précieuse, de sorte que l'homme du métier les considère comme des pierres semi-précieuses artificielles qu'il nomme généralement 'aventurine'. Ces verres d'aventurine donnent à s'y méprendre, après découpe de morceaux à disposition et polissage de plaquettes ou autres formes, un aspect de pierre naturelle aux cadrans ou autres composants horlogers réalisés à partir de ces morceaux d'aventurine. Il existe des morceaux d'aventurine de couleur bleu profond, dû à une présence de Cobalt dans leur composition, qui sont particulièrement appréciés pour les applications horlogères, car les cadrans obtenus à partir de ces morceaux d'aventurine présentent un aspect de ciel étoilé de toute beauté grâce au scintillement des petits cristaux de cuivre.There are aventurine glasses in various colors, including red, blue and green. The pieces of aventurine glass have the appearance of a semi-precious stone, so that those skilled in the art consider them to be artificial semi-precious stones which he generally calls 'aventurine'. These aventurine glasses give to be mistaken, after cutting pieces available and polishing plates or other shapes, a natural stone appearance to the dials or other watch components made from these aventurine pieces. There are pieces of aventurine of deep blue color, due to a presence of Cobalt in their composition, which are particularly appreciated for watchmaking applications, because the dials obtained from these pieces of aventurine present an aspect of a starry sky of all beauty thanks to the sparkling of small copper crystals.

Pour réaliser avec de l'aventurine des cadrans et disques / anneaux d'affichage pour pièces d'horlogerie, la personne du métier travaille cette matière comme on travaille une pierre semi-précieuse ou un cristal de quartz, en découpant des morceaux d'aventurine en fines plaquettes qui sont ensuite collées sur des supports métalliques. De tels cadrans et disques / anneaux d'affichage habillent des montres de plusieurs marques horlogères, entre autres des montres OMEGA, Jaquet Droz et Bulgari™.To make dials and display discs / rings for timepieces with aventurine, the person skilled in the art works this material as one works with a semi-precious stone or a quartz crystal, by cutting pieces of aventurine in thin plates which are then glued on metal supports. Such dials and display discs / rings dress watches from several watch brands, including OMEGA, Jaquet Droz and Bulgari ™ watches.

La fabrication de cadrans en aventurine telle que décrite ci-avant présente divers inconvénients. En effet, ces cadrans en aventurine se révèlent difficiles à préparer et à assembler. La découpe de morceaux d'aventurine en fines tranches et le découpage de profils désirés dans ces tranches génèrent passablement de déchets. Ensuite, l'aventurine présente assez souvent de petites bulles d'air qui apparaissent après polissage et qui rendent inutilisables les fines plaquettes obtenues. De plus, ces fines plaquettes sont fragiles et donc cassantes. Leur manipulation est périlleuse et l'assemblage de ces fines plaquettes avec leurs supports respectifs pour réaliser les cadrans est une opération délicate.The manufacture of aventurine dials as described above has various drawbacks. Indeed, these aventurine dials are proving difficult to prepare and assemble. Cutting pieces of aventurine into thin slices and cutting the desired profiles out of these slices generates a fair amount of waste. Then the aventurine presents quite often small air bubbles which appear after polishing and which render the fine plates obtained unusable. In addition, these fine platelets are fragile and therefore brittle. Their handling is perilous and the assembly of these thin plates with their respective supports to make the dials is a delicate operation.

On notera encore que le décalquage de motifs et/ou index sur des plaquettes d'aventurine présente déjà un risque de les fissurer. Si on souhaite avoir des motifs et/ou index en relief sur un cadran, on peut notamment les réaliser en métal par électroformage sur une plaquette d'aventurine ; mais un tel procédé est généralement réalisé sur la plaquette d'aventurine avant le collage à son support. Ce procédé nécessite diverses manipulations de sorte que le risque de casser la plaquette est important. On peut aussi obtenir des motifs et/ou index en métal, notamment en métal noble, en structurant le support métallique du cadran de sorte que ces motifs et/ou index soient en relief relativement à la surface destinée à recevoir par collage la plaquette d'aventurine. Dans ce dernier cas, il faut découper dans la plaquette d'aventurine de nombreuses petites ouvertures correspondant à ces motifs et/ou index. Cependant, l'assemblage d'une fine plaquette d'aventurine ainsi ajourée avec son support présente un risque important de la casser. En effet, la moindre contrainte mécanique exercée sur une telle plaquette peut la casser, par exemple une légère pression exercée sur cette plaquette alors que le bord d'une de ses ouvertures est partiellement en butée sur un relief correspondant ou simplement par friction entre la plaquette et un motif ou index lors de la mise en place de la plaquette. On comprend donc qu'il faut prévoir des tolérances de fabrication de sorte que de petites fentes entre les motifs et/ou index en relief et la plaquette d'aventurine ajourée apparaissent, ce qui nuit à l'esthétique du cadran et donc à sa qualité.It will also be noted that the tracing of patterns and / or indexes on aventurine plates already presents a risk of cracking them. If it is desired to have patterns and / or indexes in relief on a dial, they can in particular be produced in metal by electroforming on an aventurine plate; but such a process is generally carried out on the aventurine wafer before bonding to its support. This process requires various manipulations so that the risk of breaking the wafer is high. It is also possible to obtain patterns and / or indexes made of metal, in particular of noble metal, by structuring the metal support of the dial so that these patterns and / or indexes are in relief relative to the surface intended to receive the plate by gluing. aventurine. In the latter case, many small openings corresponding to these patterns and / or indexes must be cut in the aventurine wafer. However, the assembly of a thin plate of aventurine thus perforated with its support presents a significant risk of breaking it. Indeed, the slightest mechanical stress exerted on such a wafer can break it, for example a slight pressure exerted on this wafer while the edge of one of its openings is partially in abutment on a corresponding relief or simply by friction between the wafer. and a pattern or index during the introduction of the plate. It is therefore understood that it is necessary to provide manufacturing tolerances so that small slots between the patterns and / or raised indexes and the perforated aventurine plate appear, which is detrimental to the aesthetics of the dial and therefore to its quality. .

Ensuite, on a remarqué que même une fois collées sur leurs supports respectifs, ces fines plaquettes d'aventurine restent fragiles et peuvent se fissurer ou casser lors de chocs auxquels les montres doivent généralement résister. Lors de tels chocs, on a aussi observé que de petits fragments d'aventurine se détachent parfois de la surface de cadrans revêtus de plaquettes d'aventurine. Ceci engendre de petites crevasses visibles à l'œil, ce qui dégrade donc l'aspect esthétique de ces cadrans. De plus, ces petits fragments peuvent aisément s'introduire dans les mouvements horlogers de montres équipées de cadrans en aventurine ainsi détériorés par des chocs et nuire à leur bon fonctionnement, voir les bloquer.Then, we noticed that even once glued on their respective supports, these thin aventurine plates remain fragile and can be crack or break during impacts that watches generally have to withstand. During such shocks, it has also been observed that small fragments of aventurine sometimes detach from the surface of dials coated with aventurine plates. This creates small crevices visible to the eye, which therefore degrades the aesthetic appearance of these dials. In addition, these small fragments can easily get into the watch movements of watches equipped with aventurine dials thus damaged by shocks and impair their proper functioning, or even block them.

Finalement, un autre inconvénient provient du fait que les réalisations possibles sont limitées par le fait que l'on part généralement de plaquettes d'aventurine planes pour réaliser des cadrans, de sorte qu'il s'agit de cadrans plats. On peut certes usiner des morceaux d'aventurine de manière à réaliser des verres d'aventurine bombés au moins supérieurement, mais le coût de fabrication sera très élevé.Finally, another drawback stems from the fact that the possible embodiments are limited by the fact that one generally starts with flat aventurine plates to produce dials, so that they are flat dials. It is certainly possible to machine pieces of aventurine so as to produce aventurine glasses which are at least superiorly convex, but the manufacturing cost will be very high.

Les inconvénients susmentionnés, et éventuellement d'autres encore, interviennent pour la décoration d'autres parties d'habillage d'une montre, par exemple de lunettes, ou de parties de mouvements horlogers, par exemple de ponts ou de masses oscillantes, avec de l'aventurine par des techniques similaires à celle décrite précédemment pour la fabrication de cadrans et disques / anneaux d'affichage, à savoir en découpant des portions dans un morceau d'aventurine pour obtenir des pièces d'aventurine massives qui sont ensuite polies et collées sur des supports configurés pour recevoir ces pièces d'aventurine massives.The aforementioned drawbacks, and possibly still others, come into play for the decoration of other parts of the casing of a watch, for example of glasses, or of parts of watch movements, for example of bridges or of oscillating masses, with aventurine by techniques similar to that described above for making dials and display discs / rings, namely by cutting portions from a piece of aventurine to obtain massive aventurine pieces which are then polished and glued on supports configured to receive these massive aventurine pieces.

Le document JP 2005 274358 A au nom de CITIZEN WATCH divulgue une méthode pour décorer un composant horloger. Un substrat en métal est rempli avec une pâte formée de poudre de verre coloré, ensuite, la pâte est cuite dans un four à 750-800 degrés.The document JP 2005 274 358 A in the name of CITIZEN WATCH discloses a method for decorating a watch component. A metal substrate is filled with a dough formed from colored glass powder, then the dough is baked in an oven at 750-800 degrees.

Résumé de l'inventionSummary of the invention

La présente invention a pour objectif de fournir des composants horlogers, en particulier des cadrans, ayant au moins une surface recouverte d'aventurine pour former un revêtement décoratif, tout en résolvant les divers problèmes mentionnés dans l'exposé de l'art antérieur.The object of the present invention is to provide watch components, in particular dials, having at least one surface covered with aventurine to form a decorative coating, while solving the various problems mentioned in the description of the prior art.

A cet effet, l'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un composant horloger formé en partie d'aventurine, caractérisé par les étapes suivantes :

  1. A) Fourniture d'au moins un morceau d'aventurine formé d'une masse de verre colorée contenant des cristaux de cuivre répartis dans cette masse de verre colorée;
  2. B) Suite à l'étape A), concasser ledit au moins un morceau d'aventurine de manière à obtenir une poudre granuleuse formée de grains d'aventurine dont la majorité a une dimension supérieure entre 50 microns (50 µm) et 200 microns (200 µm);
  3. C) Réalisation d'un support en matériau ayant une température de fusion supérieure à celle de ladite masse de verre colorée, ce support présentant au moins une surface destinée à recevoir un revêtement décoratif;
  4. D) Suite aux étapes B) et C), déposer au moins une partie de la poudre granuleuse sur ladite surface du support;
  5. E) Suite à l'étape D), introduire le support avec la poudre granuleuse déposée sur ladite surface dans un four de cuisson et faire fondre cette poudre granuleuse de manière à obtenir, après avoir retiré l'ensemble ainsi obtenu du four de cuisson et laisser refroidir cet ensemble, une couche d'émail constituée d'aventurine qui recouvre ladite surface du support.
To this end, the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a watch component formed in part from aventurine, characterized by the following steps:
  1. A) Supply of at least one piece of aventurine formed from a mass of colored glass containing copper crystals distributed in this mass of colored glass;
  2. B) Following step A), crush said at least one piece of aventurine so as to obtain a granular powder formed from grains of aventurine, the majority of which has a size greater than between 50 microns (50 μm) and 200 microns ( 200 µm);
  3. C) Production of a support in material having a melting temperature higher than that of said mass of colored glass, this support having at least one surface intended to receive a decorative coating;
  4. D) Following steps B) and C), deposit at least part of the granular powder on said surface of the support;
  5. E) Following step D), introduce the support with the granular powder deposited on said surface in a baking oven and melt this granular powder so as to obtain, after removing the assembly thus obtained from the baking oven and allow this assembly to cool a layer of enamel consisting of aventurine which covers said surface of the support.

Le procédé de fabrication selon l'invention est remarquable car on obtient ainsi un revêtement décoratif qui présente parfaitement les caractéristiques esthétiques de l'aventurine, à savoir un aspect de pierre semi-précieuse avec le scintillement propre à l'aventurine. Il est étonnant que le passage dans un four de cuisson ne réduise pas de manière sensible le scintillement provenant des petits cristaux de cuivre, car le cuivre s'oxyde facilement et présente alors une couleur terne, verte ou noire. Des essais réalisés avec des poudres d'émail auxquels on a ajouté une poudre granuleuse de métal oxydatif, notamment de cuivre, ont donnés des résultats négatifs, sans scintillement. Dans le cas d'une limaille de cuivre, les grains de cuivre ont noirci dans le four de cuisson. Ensuite, même avec des métaux non oxydatifs, en particulier avec une poudre d'or, on n'obtient pas le scintillement remarquable de l'aventurine. De plus, il est difficile d'avoir une répartition homogène de la poudre d'or dans l'émail.The manufacturing process according to the invention is remarkable because a decorative coating is thus obtained which perfectly exhibits the aesthetic characteristics of aventurine, namely an appearance of a semi-precious stone with the sparkle specific to aventurine. It is surprising that passing through a baking oven does not significantly reduce the flicker from the small copper crystals, because copper oxidizes easily and then exhibits a dull, green or black color. Tests carried out with enamel powders to which a granular powder of oxidative metal, in particular copper, have been added, gave negative results, without flickering. In the case of copper filings, the copper grains have blackened in the baking oven. Then even with non-oxidative metals, especially with gold powder, the remarkable scintillation of aventurine is not obtained. In addition, it is difficult to have a homogeneous distribution of the gold powder in the enamel.

Dans une variante préférée, la séquence des étapes D) et E) du procédé de fabrication est répétée plusieurs fois, de sorte que le revêtement décoratif est formé d'une pluralité de couches d'émail constituées d'aventurine et déposées l'une sur l'autre. On notera que la pluralité de couches d'émail déposées ne forme au final qu'une seule couche d'émail ayant une épaisseur supérieure. Ce revêtement décoratif présente ainsi une épaisseur permettant de donner une certaine profondeur au revêtement décoratif et de bien masquer le support. Toutefois, de préférence, le revêtement décoratif présente une épaisseur entre 200 et 300 microns (200-300 µm). Une telle épaisseur reste relativement faible relativement à des plaquettes d'aventurine telles que réalisées dans l'art antérieur qui ont une épaisseur généralement entre 400 et 500 microns. La présente invention permet donc de réaliser des cadrans ayant une moindre épaisseur.In a preferred variant, the sequence of steps D) and E) of the manufacturing process is repeated several times, so that the decorative coating is formed from a plurality of enamel layers consisting of aventurine and deposited one on top of the other. the other. It will be noted that the plurality of layers of enamel deposited ultimately form only a single layer of enamel having a greater thickness. This decorative coating thus has a thickness making it possible to give a certain depth to the decorative coating and to hide the support well. Preferably, however, the decorative coating has a thickness between 200 and 300 microns (200-300 µm). Such a thickness remains relatively low relative to aventurine platelets such as made in the prior art which have a thickness generally between 400 and 500 microns. The present invention therefore makes it possible to produce dials having a lesser thickness.

Dans une autre variante préférée, suite à la réalisation d'une ou plusieurs couche(s) d'émail constituée(s) d'aventurine, un fondant est déposé sur l'émail en aventurine obtenu et il est cuit pour former une couche supérieure transparente qui est homogène et présente une surface supérieure régulière.In another preferred variant, following the production of one or more enamel layer (s) consisting of aventurine, a fondant is deposited on the aventurine enamel obtained and it is baked to form an upper layer. transparent which is homogeneous and has an even upper surface.

Dans une autre variante préférée, une étape terminale de polissage du revêtement décoratif est effectuée, ce polissage pouvant présenter une phase préliminaire consistant en un lapidage permettant de mieux égaliser la surface supérieure du revêtement décoratif. Le polissage est rendu plus aisé à effectuer et le résultat est généralement meilleur lorsqu'une couche de fondant est déposée sur l'émail en aventurine. En effet, la couche de fondant refroidie peut être polie pour donner une surface supérieure parfaitement lisse, alors que l'émail en aventurine pose un certain problème de polissage dû à la présence des cristaux de cuivre dans cet émail en aventurine qui peuvent se trouver à sa surface ou à proximité de celle-ci.In another preferred variant, a final step of polishing the decorative coating is carried out, this polishing possibly having a preliminary phase consisting of stoning making it possible to better level the upper surface of the decorative coating. Polishing is made easier to perform and the result is generally better when a layer of flux is applied to the aventurine enamel. This is because the cooled fondant layer can be polished to give a perfectly smooth top surface, while aventurine enamel poses a problem. polishing due to the presence of copper crystals in this aventurine enamel which may be on or near its surface.

Dans un mode de mise en œuvre particulier du procédé selon l'invention, un émaillage est effectué sur une surface arrière du support, c'est-à-dire du côté opposé à celui de la surface destinée à recevoir le revêtement décoratif, cet émaillage formant un contre-émail permettant de conserver au mieux la forme initiale du support lors de la formation d'une ou plusieurs couche(s) d'émail pour former le revêtement décoratif et d'éviter l'apparition de fissures dans ce revêtement décoratif lors de sa réalisation.In a particular embodiment of the method according to the invention, enamelling is carried out on a rear surface of the support, that is to say on the side opposite to that of the surface intended to receive the decorative coating, this enamelling forming a back-enamel making it possible to best retain the initial shape of the support during the formation of one or more layer (s) of enamel to form the decorative coating and to prevent the appearance of cracks in this decorative coating during of its realization.

D'autres caractéristiques particulières de la présente invention seront décrites par la suite, ainsi que d'autres avantages de cette invention.Other particular features of the present invention will be described hereinafter, as well as other advantages of this invention.

Brève description des figuresBrief description of the figures

L'invention sera décrite ci-après de manière plus détaillée à l'aide des dessins annexés, donnés à titre d'exemples nullement limitatifs, dans lesquels :

  • La Figure 1 est une vue de dessus d'un cadran obtenu par un premier mode de mise en œuvre du procédé de fabrication d'un composant horloger selon l'invention,
  • La Figure 2 est une coupe d'un support formant le corps du cadran de la Figure 1 et destiné à recevoir un revêtement décoratif selon l'invention,
  • La Figure 3 est une coupe transversale du cadran de la Figure1,
  • La Figure 4 représente des morceaux d'aventurine desquels on part pour réaliser un revêtement décoratif selon l'invention,
  • La Figure 5 est une image agrandie par un microscope d'une poudre granuleuse obtenue en concassant, dans le cadre de la présente invention, des morceaux d'aventurine tels que représentés à la Figure 4,
  • La Figure 6 est une vue de dessus d'un cadran obtenu par un deuxième mode de mise en œuvre du procédé de fabrication d'un composant horloger selon l'invention, ce cadran étant représenté sans les index qui sont finalement agencés sur la surface supérieure du cadran de manière à s'élever au-dessus du revêtement décoratif,
  • La Figure 7 est une vue de dessous du support du cadran de la Figure 6,
  • Les Figures 8 et 9 sont des coupes transversales respectivement selon les traits de coupe VIII-VIII et IX-IX des Figures 7 et 6,
  • La Figure 10 est une coupe, similaire à celle de la Figure 2, d'un support usiné selon l'invention pour réaliser un cadran bombé, et
  • La Figure 11 est une coupe, similaire à celle de la Figure 3, d'un cadran bombé obtenu par le procédé de fabrication selon l'invention.
The invention will be described below in more detail with the aid of the appended drawings, given by way of non-limiting examples, in which:
  • The Figure 1 is a top view of a dial obtained by a first embodiment of the method of manufacturing a watch component according to the invention,
  • The Figure 2 is a section through a support forming the body of the dial of the Figure 1 and intended to receive a decorative coating according to the invention,
  • The Figure 3 is a cross section of the dial of the Figure 1 ,
  • The Figure 4 represents pieces of aventurine from which we start to make a decorative coating according to the invention,
  • The Figure 5 is an image magnified by a microscope of a granular powder obtained by crushing, in the context of the present invention, pieces of aventurine as shown in Figure 4 ,
  • The Figure 6 is a top view of a dial obtained by a second embodiment of the method of manufacturing a watch component according to the invention, this dial being shown without the indexes which are finally arranged on the upper surface of the dial. so as to rise above the decorative covering,
  • The Figure 7 is a bottom view of the dial support of the Figure 6 ,
  • The Figures 8 and 9 are transverse sections respectively according to the cutting lines VIII-VIII and IX-IX of the Figures 7 and 6 ,
  • The Figure 10 is a cut, similar to that of the Figure 2 , a support machined according to the invention to produce a domed dial, and
  • The Figure 11 is a cut, similar to that of the Figure 3 , of a domed dial obtained by the manufacturing process according to the invention.

Description détaillée de l'inventionDetailed description of the invention

En référence aux Figures 1 à 5, on décrira ci-après un mode de mise en œuvre du procédé de fabrication d'un élément d'affichage, en particulier d'un cadran de montre selon l'invention.With reference to Figures 1 to 5 , an embodiment of the method for manufacturing a display element, in particular a watch dial according to the invention, will be described below.

Pour fabriquer le cadran 2, d'une part, on réalise un support 4 ayant une base rigide dont la forme générale définit un disque. Ce support 4 est constitué d'un matériau ayant une température de fusion supérieure à 1000°. Une surface 6, destinée à recevoir un revêtement décoratif, est usinée dans le support de son côté supérieur, c'est-à-dire du côté visible du cadran une fois incorporé dans un boîtier de montre. Dans la variante représentée aux figures, le support est métallique, notamment en or ou en argent, et présente des motifs 8 destinés à être visibles dans le produit terminé, ces motifs étant venus de matière avec la base du support. Dans cette variante, les motifs 8 définissent des chiffres romains de I à XII. Ainsi, le nombre de motifs est relativement élevé et certains de ces motifs, soit le V et le X, présentent un contour définissant une forme complexe avec des aigles aigus rentrant. De plus, les espaces entre certains motifs prévus pour recevoir le revêtement décoratif présentent une faible largeur. La surface 6 est plane et usinée en creux dans le support 4. Le cadran présente au moins une ouverture 14 délimitée par un rebord interne 12 qui fait saillie de la surface 6, ce support ayant en outre un rebord externe 10 faisant saillie de la surface 6 et délimitant le pourtour externe de cette surface. Des pieds 18 de cadran sont fixés au support 4 de son côté inférieur.To manufacture the dial 2, on the one hand, a support 4 is produced having a rigid base, the general shape of which defines a disc. This support 4 is made of a material having a melting temperature greater than 1000 °. A surface 6, intended to receive a decorative coating, is machined in the support on its upper side, that is to say on the visible side of the dial once incorporated into a watch case. In the variant shown in the figures, the support is metallic, in particular gold or silver, and has patterns 8 intended to be visible in the finished product, these patterns being integral with the base of the support. In this variant, the patterns 8 define Roman numerals from I to XII. Thus, the number of patterns is relatively high and some of these patterns, namely the V and X, have an outline defining a complex shape with sharp eagles reentering. In addition, the spaces between certain patterns provided to receive the decorative coating have a small width. The surface 6 is planar and machined recessed in the support 4. The dial has at least one opening 14 delimited by an internal rim 12 which projects from the surface 6, this support further having an external rim 10 projecting from the surface. 6 and delimiting the outer periphery of this surface. Dial feet 18 are fixed to the support 4 on its lower side.

D'autre part, pour fabriquer le cadran 2, on fournit au moins un morceau d'aventurine 20A - 20C qui est formé d'une masse de verre colorée contenant des cristaux de cuivre répartis dans la masse. Des stocks de tels morceaux d'aventurine fabriqués par le passé dans la région de Venise, en particulier à Murano, sont disponibles et proposés à la vente par diverses sociétés spécialisées. Ces morceaux d'aventurine peuvent présenter diverses dimensions, notamment de plusieurs centimètres, et diverses formes. Ils proviennent de blocs d'aventurine formés dans le creuset de fours de production de verre. Pour réaliser le revêtement décoratif, on concasse au moins un morceau d'aventurine de manière à obtenir une poudre granuleuse 22. La dimension des grains peut être variable. De préférence, de manière à détériorer un minimum de cristaux de cuivre, il est prévu de ne pas broyer les morceaux d'aventurine en poudre trop fine, mais d'obtenir des grains d'aventurine dont la majorité a par exemple une dimension supérieure entre 50 microns et 200 microns.On the other hand, to manufacture the dial 2, at least one piece of aventurine 20A - 20C is provided which is formed from a mass of colored glass containing copper crystals distributed throughout the mass. Stocks of such pieces of aventurine made in the past in the Venice region, especially Murano, are available and offered for sale by various specialist companies. These pieces of aventurine can have various dimensions, including several centimeters, and various shapes. They come from blocks of aventurine formed in the crucible of glass production furnaces. To achieve the decorative coating, at least one piece of aventurine is crushed so as to obtain a granular powder 22. The grain size can be variable. Preferably, so as to deteriorate a minimum of copper crystals, provision is made not to grind the pieces of aventurine to a too fine powder, but to obtain grains of aventurine, the majority of which, for example, have a size greater than between 50 microns and 200 microns.

Pour réaliser le revêtement décoratif, au moins une partie de la poudre granuleuse 22 est déposée sur la surface 6 du support 4. Ensuite, le support 4 et la poudre granuleuse déposée sur la surface 6 sont introduits dans un four de cuisson dans lequel cette poudre granuleuse est au moins partiellement fondue (c'est-à-dire qu'elle entre dans un état dit visqueux) de manière à obtenir, après avoir retiré l'ensemble ainsi obtenu du four de cuisson et laisser refroidir cet ensemble, une couche d'émail constituée d'aventurine qui recouvre la surface 6 du support et forme un revêtement décoratif 16 qui adhère fortement au support. Généralement, la température lors de la cuisson de la poudre granuleuse est située environ entre 700° et 900°. La durée du passage au four de cuisson est par exemple d'environ deux minutes. De préférence, le refroidissement de l'ensemble sorti du four de cuisson est effectué lentement de manière à éviter un choc thermique qui pourrait engendrer des déformations de cet ensemble et l'apparition de fissures dans la couche d'émail.To achieve the decorative coating, at least part of the granular powder 22 is deposited on the surface 6 of the support 4. Then, the support 4 and the granular powder deposited on the surface 6 are introduced into a baking oven in which this powder. granular is at least partially melted (that is to say it enters a so-called viscous state) so as to obtain, after removing the assembly thus obtained from the baking oven and allowing this assembly to cool, a layer of 'enamel made up aventurine which covers the surface 6 of the support and forms a decorative coating 16 which adheres strongly to the support. Generally, the temperature during baking of the granular powder is approximately between 700 ° and 900 °. The duration of the passage in the baking oven is for example about two minutes. Preferably, the cooling of the assembly taken out of the baking oven is carried out slowly so as to avoid a thermal shock which could generate deformations of this assembly and the appearance of cracks in the enamel layer.

Dans une première variante préférée, après avoir préparé la poudre granuleuse d'aventurine et avant son dépôt sur la surface 6, au moins une partie de cette poudre granuleuse, destinée au revêtement décoratif du cadran 2, est mélangée avec un liquide, notamment de l'eau distillée. Ainsi, le dépôt de poudre granuleuse d'aventurine sur la surface 6 consiste en une application de ce mélange sur cette surface du support 4. Une telle application peut se faire à l'aide d'un pinceau. Dans le cas où la poudre granuleuse d'aventurine est déposée sous forme de pâte liquide, il est de préférence prévu une étape de séchage de cette pâte liquide, c'est-à-dire du mélange constitué de la poudre granuleuse et du liquide, après son dépôt sur la surface 6, cette étape de séchage étant effectuée dans un four de séchage avant l'introduction du support et de la poudre granuleuse étendue sur la surface 6 dans le four de cuisson. A titre d'exemple, la température dans le four de séchage est prévue entre 50° et 200°. La durée du séchage dépend de l'épaisseur de la pâte liquide déposée, de sa viscosité et de la température de séchage prévue.In a first preferred variant, after having prepared the granular powder of aventurine and before its deposition on the surface 6, at least part of this granular powder, intended for the decorative coating of the dial 2, is mixed with a liquid, in particular water. 'distilled water. Thus, the deposit of granular aventurine powder on the surface 6 consists of an application of this mixture on this surface of the support 4. Such an application can be done using a brush. In the case where the granular aventurine powder is deposited in the form of a liquid paste, there is preferably provided a step of drying this liquid paste, that is to say of the mixture consisting of the granular powder and the liquid, after its deposition on the surface 6, this drying step being carried out in a drying oven before the introduction of the support and the granular powder spread on the surface 6 in the baking oven. For example, the temperature in the drying oven is set between 50 ° and 200 °. The drying time depends on the thickness of the deposited liquid paste, its viscosity and the expected drying temperature.

Selon l'épaisseur souhaitée pour le revêtement décoratif émaillé, la séquence des étapes, allant du dépôt de poudre granuleuse d'aventurine à son refroidissement lent après fusion dans le four de cuisson, est répétée plusieurs fois de sorte que le revêtement décoratif est finalement formé d'une pluralité de couches d'émail constituées d'aventurine qui sont déposées l'une sur l'autre. De préférence, le revêtement décoratif présente une épaisseur entre 200 et 300 microns (200-300 µm), cette plage de valeurs étant non-limitative. On remarquera que le rebord interne 12 bordant l'ouverture 14 et le rebord externe 10 forment des butées latérales pour la poudre granuleuse déposée sur la surface 6 lors d'au moins une première séquence des étapes allant du dépôt de poudre granuleuse d'aventurine à son refroidissement après fusion dans le four de cuisson. De même, les motifs 8, en relief à l'intérieur de la surface 6, forment des butées latérales pour la poudre granuleuse déposée sur cette surface lors d'au moins la première séquence d'étapes susmentionnée.Depending on the desired thickness of the enamel decorative coating, the sequence of steps, from depositing the granular aventurine powder to its slow cooling after melting in the baking oven, is repeated several times so that the decorative coating is finally formed. a plurality of enamel layers consisting of aventurine which are deposited one on top of the other. Preferably, the decorative coating has a thickness between 200 and 300 microns (200-300 μm), this range of values being non-limiting. It will be noted that the internal rim 12 bordering the opening 14 and the external rim 10 form lateral stops for the granular powder deposited on the surface 6 during at least a first sequence of steps ranging from the deposit of granular powder of aventurine to its cooling after melting in the baking oven. Likewise, the patterns 8, in relief inside the surface 6, form lateral stops for the granular powder deposited on this surface during at least the first aforementioned sequence of steps.

Le procédé de fabrication selon l'invention présente l'avantage que le revêtement décoratif formé d'aventurine épouse précisément les contours des motifs prévus à l'intérieur du revêtement décoratif et également les contours de rebords bordant des ouvertures, de sorte qu'il n'y a pas de fente entre l'émail en aventurine et ces motifs et rebords. Comme autre avantage, on notera que les motifs peuvent être relativement complexes et présenter entre eux de faibles espaces, ceci grâce au dépôt d'une poudre granuleuse d'aventurine à la manière d'un émaillage.The manufacturing process according to the invention has the advantage that the decorative coating formed from aventurine precisely matches the contours of the patterns provided inside the decorative coating and also the contours of the edges bordering the openings, so that it does not There is no gap between the aventurine enamel and these patterns and edges. As another advantage, it will be noted that the patterns can be relatively complex and have small spaces between them, thanks to the deposition of a granular aventurine powder in the manner of enameling.

Des tests comparatifs concernant la résistance aux chocs de cadrans réalisés selon la présente invention et de cadrans de l'art antérieur, qui sont réalisés avec des plaquettes d'aventurine découpées dans des morceaux d'aventurine et collées sur des supports respectifs, ont montré que les cadrans avec le revêtement émaillé en aventurine selon la présente invention résistent mieux aux chocs. Diverses raisons peuvent expliquer ce résultat. Premièrement, on remarquera que l'émaillage permet de faire adhérer solidement la première couche d'émail en aventurine au support. Pour augmenter cette adhérence, on peut traiter la surface du support destinée à recevoir le revêtement décoratif, par exemple effectuer une oxydation de cette surface pour obtenir la formation de liaisons chimiques entre le support et le revêtement décoratif. Ensuite, on a observé que les détériorations les plus fréquentes détectées sur les cadrans comprenant une plaquette d'aventurine sont des détachements de matière (sous forme de petits éclats de verre) qui font apparaître de petites crevasses à la surface supérieure du cadran. On peut penser que ces détachements de matière peuvent provenir de certaines inhomogénéités dans les morceaux d'aventurine, lesquelles sont réduites ou même supprimées lors de la fusion de la poudre granuleuse d'aventurine dans le four de cuisson. De plus, il est probable que le découpage des plaquettes d'aventurine engendre des microfissures à la surface de ces plaquettes, notamment à cause des cristaux de cuivre présents dans l'aventurine, ces microfissures formant autant d'amorces de rupture de petits éclats de verre.Comparative tests concerning the impact resistance of dials produced according to the present invention and of dials of the prior art, which are carried out with aventurine plates cut from pieces of aventurine and glued to respective supports, have shown that the dials with the aventurine enamel coating according to the present invention are more resistant to shocks. Various reasons can explain this result. First, it will be noted that the enameling makes it possible to firmly adhere the first layer of aventurine enamel to the support. To increase this adhesion, it is possible to treat the surface of the support intended to receive the decorative coating, for example to carry out an oxidation of this surface to obtain the formation of chemical bonds between the support and the decorative coating. Then, it was observed that the most frequent deteriorations detected on dials comprising an aventurine plaque are detachments of material (in the form of small shards of glass) which reveal small crevices on the upper surface of the dial. It can be thought that these detachments of material may come from certain inhomogeneities in the aventurine pieces, which are reduced or even eliminated during the melting of the granular aventurine powder in the baking oven. In addition, it is probable that the cutting of the aventurine platelets generates microcracks on the surface of these platelets, in particular because of the copper crystals present in the aventurine, these microcracks forming as many rupture initiators of small shards of glass.

Dans une deuxième variante préférée, suite au dépôt d'une ou plusieurs couche(s) d'émail constituée(s) d'aventurine, il est prévu de déposer un fondant sur la couche supérieure d'émail en aventurine. Ce fondant est cuit pour former une couche supérieure transparente du revêtement décoratif 16. Un tel fondant est constitué d'un verre qui fond généralement à une température inférieure à la température de fusion de la poudre granuleuse d'aventurine. Cette couche de fondant permet de mieux égaliser la surface supérieure du revêtement décoratif et de la rendre plus régulière et lisse, en particulier en comblant de petites crevasses ou de légère dépressions en surface de l'émail en aventurine et/ou en couvrant des cristaux de cuivre qui peuvent apparaître à la surface de l'émail en aventurine. Ainsi, le fondant permet d'éviter une éventuelle oxydation de cristaux d'aventurine situés à la surface de l'émail en aventurine. Un autre avantage important de la couche superficielle en verre transparent provient du fait que la surface de cette couche superficielle est plus aisée à polir et qu'il est ainsi possible d'obtenir relativement aisément des surfaces parfaitement lisses et brillantes. Par contre, le polissage de l'émail en aventurine est difficile à réaliser correctement car des cristaux de cuivre situés à la surface de l'émail ou à proximité directe de celle-ci se détachent lors du polissage, ce qui engendre des porosités en surface. De plus, les cristaux de cuivre qui sont enlevés de la surface lors du polissage rayent la surface de l'émail. Le fondant qui ne contient pas de cristaux métalliques ne présente pas un tel problème.In a second preferred variant, following the deposition of one or more enamel layer (s) consisting of aventurine, provision is made to deposit a flux on the upper layer of aventurine enamel. This fondant is baked to form a transparent upper layer of the decorative coating 16. Such a fondant consists of a glass which generally melts at a temperature below the melting point of the granular aventurine powder. This layer of fondant makes it possible to better even out the upper surface of the decorative coating and to make it more regular and smooth, in particular by filling small crevices or slight depressions on the surface of the aventurine enamel and / or by covering crystals of copper that can appear on the surface of aventurine enamel. Thus, the flux makes it possible to avoid a possible oxidation of aventurine crystals located on the surface of the aventurine enamel. Another important advantage of the transparent glass surface layer stems from the fact that the surface of this surface layer is easier to polish and that it is thus possible relatively easily to obtain perfectly smooth and shiny surfaces. On the other hand, the polishing of aventurine enamel is difficult to carry out correctly because copper crystals located on the surface of the enamel or in the direct vicinity of it detach during polishing, which generates porosities on the surface. . In addition, the copper crystals that are removed from the surface during polishing scratch the surface. enamel surface. The flux which does not contain metal crystals does not present such a problem.

Comme déjà mentionné ci-avant, une étape terminale de polissage du revêtement décoratif est généralement effectuée. Cette étape de polissage terminale peut présenter plusieurs phases, à savoir une phase préliminaire consistant en un lapidage, permettant un enlèvement de matière significatif pour égaliser le niveau supérieur du revêtement décoratif 16, qui est suivie par une ou plusieurs phases de polissage avec un moindre enlèvement de matière et effectuée(s) de manière à obtenir une surface parfaitement lisse et brillante. On notera que cette étape de polissage sert aussi à enlever de l'émail qui peut recouvrir tout ou parties des motifs 8, ces motif étant finalement affleurés au revêtement décoratif 16 et présentant des surfaces supérieures brillantes.As already mentioned above, a final step of polishing the decorative coating is generally carried out. This final polishing step may have several phases, namely a preliminary phase consisting of stoning, allowing significant material removal to equalize the upper level of the decorative coating 16, which is followed by one or more polishing phases with less removal. of material and carried out so as to obtain a perfectly smooth and shiny surface. It will be noted that this polishing step also serves to remove enamel which may cover all or parts of the patterns 8, these patterns finally being flush with the decorative coating 16 and having shiny upper surfaces.

En référence aux Figures 6 à 8, on décrira ci-après un deuxième mode de mise en œuvre du procédé de fabrication d'un cadran selon l'invention. Les diverses étapes et les variantes du premier mode de mise en œuvre interviennent, respectivement peuvent intervenir dans le cadre de ce deuxième mode de mise en œuvre et ne seront pas à nouveau décrites ici en détails. Le deuxième mode de mise en œuvre se distingue du premier mode de mise en œuvre par le fait qu'un émaillage est effectué sur une surface 38 du support 4A du cadran 24, du côté opposé à celui de la surface 6A destinée à recevoir le revêtement décoratif 26, cet émaillage formant un contre-émail 48. Ce contre-émail permet d'égaliser les tensions dans le support de manière à limiter au mieux des déformations du support lors des passages de l'ensemble, formé par ce support et l'émail déposé des deux côtés du support, dans le four de cuisson et plus particulièrement lors des refroidissements qui suivent. On comprend qu'un tel contre-émail est d'autant plus nécessaire que l'épaisseur du cadran est faible. Ainsi, pour un support dont la base à une épaisseur sensiblement égale à 1,0 millimètre ou supérieure, il est possible de ne pas prévoir un contre-émaillage. Par contre, pour des cadrans ayant une épaisseur finale inférieure à 1,0 millimètre, il est préférable de prévoir un contre-émaillage. A titre d'exemple, la base du support a une épaisseur de 0,55 millimètre alors que le revêtement décoratif 26 et le contre-émail 48 ont chacun une épaisseur de 0,15 millimètre, le cadran ayant ainsi une épaisseur totale de 0.85 millimètre.With reference to Figures 6 to 8 , a second embodiment of the method for manufacturing a dial according to the invention will be described below. The various steps and variants of the first mode of implementation occur, respectively can occur within the framework of this second mode of implementation and will not be described again here in detail. The second mode of implementation differs from the first mode of implementation by the fact that enamelling is carried out on a surface 38 of the support 4A of the dial 24, on the side opposite to that of the surface 6A intended to receive the coating. decorative 26, this enamel forming a counter-enamel 48. This counter-enamel makes it possible to equalize the tensions in the support so as to limit as much as possible the deformations of the support during the passages of the assembly, formed by this support and the enamel deposited on both sides of the support, in the baking oven and more particularly during the subsequent cooling. It will be understood that such a back-enamel is all the more necessary as the thickness of the dial is low. Thus, for a support whose base has a thickness substantially equal to 1.0 millimeter or greater, it is possible not to provide a counter-enameling. On the other hand, for dials having a final thickness of less than 1.0 millimeter, it is preferable to provide against-enameling. By way of example, the base of the support has a thickness of 0.55 mm while the decorative coating 26 and the counter-enamel 48 each have a thickness of 0.15 mm, the dial thus having a total thickness of 0.85 mm. .

Dans le cadre du deuxième mode de mise en œuvre du procédé de fabrication selon l'invention, une étape d'émaillage est donc effectuée sur une surface du support 4A du côté opposé à celui de la surface 6A destinée à recevoir le revêtement décoratif, cet émaillage servant à former un contre-émail 48 permettant de conserver la forme initiale du support lors des passages de l'ensemble, formé par ce support et l'émail déposé des deux côtés du support, dans le four de cuisson et plus particulièrement lors des refroidissements qui suivent.In the context of the second embodiment of the manufacturing method according to the invention, an enamelling step is therefore carried out on a surface of the support 4A on the side opposite that of the surface 6A intended to receive the decorative coating, this enameling serving to form a back-enamel 48 making it possible to preserve the initial shape of the support during the passages of the assembly, formed by this support and the enamel deposited on both sides of the support, in the baking oven and more particularly during cooling that follows.

Le support 4A du cadran 24 présente plusieurs ouvertures, soit une ouverture 28 pour l'affichage de la phase de lune et trois ouvertures circulaires 14, 14A et 14B pour le passage des canons d'aiguilles prévues pour l'affichage de diverses données, notamment de l'heure courante, d'un intervalle de temps (chronographe) ou de données de calendrier. On notera que pour les données de calendrier, on peut prévoir dans le cadran une ou plusieurs ouvertures rectangulaires définissant chacune un guichet laissant apparaître une donnée de calendrier (variante non représentée).The support 4A of the dial 24 has several openings, namely an opening 28 for displaying the moon phase and three circular openings 14, 14A and 14B for the passage of the needle barrels provided for the display of various data, in particular current time, time interval (chronograph) or calendar data. It will be noted that for calendar data, one or more rectangular openings can be provided in the dial, each defining a window allowing calendar data to appear (variant not shown).

Pour délimiter les couches d'émail d'aventurine déposées, comme exposé précédemment, les ouvertures 28, 14, 14A et 14B présentent, du côté de la face supérieure 25 du cadran, respectivement des rebords 30, 12, 12A et 12B qui font saillie de la surface 6A usinée dans le support 4A. De même, pour délimiter la couche ou les couches de contre-émail 48 déposée(s) au revers du cadran 24, les ouvertures 28, 14, 14A et 14B présentent, du côté de la face inférieure 36 du support 4A, respectivement des rebords 42, 40, 40A et 40B qui font saillie de la surface 38 usinée dans le support 4A. Le pourtour extérieur du revêtement décoratif est délimité par un rebord externe 10 tout comme le pourtour extérieur du contre-émail est délimité par un rebord externe 10A faisant saillie de la surface 38.To delimit the layers of aventurine enamel deposited, as explained above, the openings 28, 14, 14A and 14B have, on the side of the upper face 25 of the dial, respectively edges 30, 12, 12A and 12B which protrude. of the surface 6A machined in the support 4A. Likewise, to delimit the layer or layers of counter-enamel 48 deposited on the back of the dial 24, the openings 28, 14, 14A and 14B have, on the side of the lower face 36 of the support 4A, respectively edges 42, 40, 40A and 40B which protrude from the machined surface 38 in support 4A. The outer perimeter of the decorative covering is delimited by an outer rim 10 just as the outer perimeter of the counter-enamel is delimited by an outer rim 10A projecting from the surface 38.

Ensuite, du côté de la face supérieure 25 du cadran sont prévus, dans la surface 6A destinée à recevoir le revêtement décoratif 26, des motifs 32 en relief qui forment une pluralité de socles prévus pour recevoir finalement une pluralité d'index 50 qui s'élèvent au-dessus de la face supérieure 25 du cadran définie en partie par la surface supérieure du revêtement décoratif 26. Ces socles sont affleurés au revêtement décoratif 26. Les index massifs 50 ont des pieds 51 qui sont introduits dans des trous prévus dans les socles, les index étant fixés au moyen d'une brasure ou d'une colle 52 apportées dans des cavités 34 situées sous les socles du côté de la face inférieure 36 du support 4A.Then, on the side of the upper face 25 of the dial are provided, in the surface 6A intended to receive the decorative covering 26, patterns 32 in relief which form a plurality of bases provided to finally receive a plurality of indexes 50 which s' rise above the upper face 25 of the dial defined in part by the upper surface of the decorative covering 26. These bases are flush with the decorative covering 26. The solid indexes 50 have feet 51 which are inserted into holes provided in the bases , the indexes being fixed by means of a solder or an adhesive 52 made in cavities 34 located under the bases on the side of the lower face 36 of the support 4A.

On remarquera que le profil interne 44 du rebord 10A ne correspond pas à celui du rebord 10, mais il définit un parcours sinueux de manière en englober dans le rebord 10A les cavités 34. On remarquera encore que, de manière à limiter l'épaisseur finale du cadran tout en ayant un revêtement décoratif suffisamment épais pour ne pas laisser apparaître le support et pour donner une certaine profondeur à ce revêtement décoratif, l'épaisseur du contre-émail 48 est prévue inférieure à celle du revêtement décoratif 26, comme représenté aux Figures 8 et 9. Ainsi, le revêtement décoratif peut avoir une épaisseur de 0,20 à 0,25 millimètre alors que la couche de contre-émail à une épaisseur de 0,15 millimètre. On notera aussi que le contre-émail 48 ne doit pas être en aventurine, mais il peut être formé par un autre émail plus commun ou par un fondant transparent ayant, de préférence, une température de fusion sensiblement identique à celle du verre coloré de l'aventurine. Finalement, le support 4A présente deux trous 46 du côté de la face inférieure 36 pour deux pieds destinés à positionner et fixer le cadran 24 à un mouvement horloger.It will be noted that the internal profile 44 of the rim 10A does not correspond to that of the rim 10, but it defines a sinuous path so as to include in the rim 10A the cavities 34. It will also be noted that, so as to limit the final thickness of the dial while having a sufficiently thick decorative coating not to reveal the support and to give a certain depth to this decorative coating, the thickness of the back-enamel 48 is provided less than that of the decorative coating 26, as shown in Figures 8 and 9 . Thus, the decorative coating may have a thickness of 0.20 to 0.25 millimeter while the backing layer has a thickness of 0.15 millimeter. It will also be noted that the backing enamel 48 should not be in aventurine, but it can be formed by another more common enamel or by a transparent flux having, preferably, a melting temperature substantially identical to that of the colored glass of the same. aventurine. Finally, the support 4A has two holes 46 on the side of the lower face 36 for two feet intended to position and fix the dial 24 to a watch movement.

On décrira encore, à l'aide des Figures 10 et 11, une variante de réalisation d'un cadran 56 selon l'invention. Ce cadran 56 se distingue essentiellement du cadran 2 des Figures 1 à 3 par deux caractéristiques. Premièrement, le cadran 56 présente une couche de contre-émail 66, du côté de sa face arrière, qui est déposée et formée dans un évidement usiné dans le support 4B de manière à définir en creux une surface 60 destinée à recevoir le contre-émail. La surface est délimitée, comme dans le deuxième mode de mise en œuvre de l'invention, par un rebord externe 62 et un rebord interne 64 entourant le trou central 14. Deuxièmement, le cadran 56 présente une surface supérieure 58 (surface principale visible dans la montre), définie par les motifs 8B en relief et la surface supérieure du revêtement décoratif 16B formé d'aventurine, qui est bombée. Ainsi, le revêtement décoratif 16B n'est pas formé par une couche plane, la surface 6B destinée à le recevoir ayant des parties présentant une certaine inclinaison relativement au plan général du cadran 56.We will still describe, using Figures 10 and 11 , an alternative embodiment of a dial 56 according to the invention. This dial 56 is essentially distinguished from dial 2 of the Figures 1 to 3 by two characteristics. First, the dial 56 has a layer of counter-enamel 66, on the side of its rear face, which is deposited and formed in a recess machined in the support 4B so as to define a recessed surface 60 intended to receive the back-enamel. . The surface is delimited, as in the second embodiment of the invention, by an outer rim 62 and an inner rim 64 surrounding the central hole 14. Second, the dial 56 has an upper surface 58 (main surface visible in the watch), defined by the patterns 8B in relief and the upper surface of the decorative coating 16B formed of aventurine, which is domed. Thus, the decorative covering 16B is not formed by a flat layer, the surface 6B intended to receive it having parts having a certain inclination relative to the general plane of the dial 56.

De manière générale, le cadran selon la variante décrite ici présente une surface supérieure bombée, laquelle est au moins partiellement définie par la surface supérieure dudit revêtement décoratif. Une telle réalisation peut être obtenue relativement aisément grâce au procédé de fabrication d'un composant horloger selon l'invention. En effet, l'aventurine est broyée et déposée à la manière d'un émaillage, la poudre granuleuse d'aventurine mélangée à un liquide pouvant ainsi être déposée sur des surfaces non planes de manière similaire à un dépôt sur des surfaces planes, et la cuisson de cette poudre granuleuse permet d'obtenir des couches d'émail constituées d'aventurine et présentant chacune une épaisseur relativement constante mais de formes non planes. Ensuite, l'étape de polissage finale, notamment au diamant, permet d'obtenir une surface supérieure 58 ayant un profil courbé qui est régulier et brillant. La réalisation de revêtements décoratifs avec une surface extérieure courbe est un grand avantage du procédé de fabrication selon l'invention.In general, the dial according to the variant described here has a domed upper surface, which is at least partially defined by the upper surface of said decorative coating. Such an embodiment can be obtained relatively easily by virtue of the method for manufacturing a timepiece component according to the invention. In fact, aventurine is crushed and deposited in the manner of enameling, the granular powder of aventurine mixed with a liquid thus being able to be deposited on non-flat surfaces in a manner similar to a deposit on flat surfaces, and the baking this granular powder makes it possible to obtain enamel layers consisting of aventurine and each having a relatively constant thickness but of non-planar shapes. Then, the final polishing step, in particular with diamond, makes it possible to obtain an upper surface 58 having a curved profile which is regular and shiny. The production of decorative coverings with a curved outer surface is a great advantage of the manufacturing process according to the invention.

Finalement, on remarquera que le procédé de fabrication d'un composant horloger selon l'invention ne s'applique pas seulement à un élément d'affichage, notamment un cadran ou un disque indicateur de la phase de lune, mais aussi à d'autres composants horlogers. Ainsi, dans d'autres réalisations, le composant horloger est une partie d'un boîtier de montre, notamment une lunette, ou le composant horloger est une partie d'un mouvement horloger, notamment un pont ou une masse oscillante.Finally, it will be noted that the method of manufacturing a watch component according to the invention does not apply only to a display element, in particular a dial or a disc indicating the moon phase, but also to others. watch components. Thus, in other embodiments, the horological component is part of a watch case, in particular a bezel, or the horological component is part of a watch movement, in particular a bridge or an oscillating weight.

Claims (15)

  1. Method for fabricating a timepiece component partly formed of aventurine, characterised by the following steps:
    A) Providing at least one piece of aventurine formed of a mass of coloured glass containing copper crystals scattered throughout the mass of coloured glass;
    B) After step A), grinding said at least one piece of aventurine to obtain a granular powder formed of grains of aventurine, most of which are of larger dimensions between 50 microns (50 µm) and 200 microns (200 µm);
    C) Making a support from a material having a higher melting temperature than that of said mass of coloured glass, this support having at least one surface intended to receive a decorative coating;
    D) After steps B) and C), depositing at least part of said granular powder on said support surface;
    E) After step D), introducing the support with the granular powder deposited on said surface into a furnace and melting this granular powder so as to obtain, after removing the assembly thus obtained from the furnace and allowing the assembly to cool, an enamel layer made of aventurine which covers said support surface and forms a decorative coating.
  2. Method for fabricating a timepiece component according to claim 1, characterised in that, between steps B) and D), said at least one part of the granular powder is mixed with a liquid, said step D) consisting in application of said mixture to said support surface.
  3. Method for fabricating a timepiece component according to claim 2, characterised in that a step of drying said mixture deposited on said surface is performed in a drying furnace prior to said step E).
  4. Method for fabricating a timepiece component according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the sequence of steps D) and E) is repeated several times, so that said decorative coating is formed of a plurality of enamel layers made of aventurine and deposited one on top of the other.
  5. Method for fabricating a timepiece component according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that, after deposition of one or more enamel layer(s) made of aventurine, a flux is deposited on this enamel layer and is fired to form a transparent upper layer of said decorative coating.
  6. Method for fabricating a timepiece component according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that a final step of polishing said decorative coating is performed.
  7. Method for fabricating a timepiece component according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that said support is metal.
  8. Method for fabricating a timepiece component according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the timepiece component is a part of a watch case, notably a bezel.
  9. Method for fabricating a timepiece component according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the timepiece component is a part of a watch movement, notably a bridge or an oscillating weight.
  10. Method for fabricating a timepiece component according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the timepiece component is a display element, notably a dial or a moon phase indicator disc.
  11. Method for fabricating a timepiece component according to claim 10, characterised in that the inner rim and the outer rim form lateral stops for said granular powder deposited on said surface during at least a first sequence of steps D) and E).
  12. Method for fabricating a timepiece component according to claim 11, characterised in that said support has at least one embossed motif inside said surface, said motif forming a lateral stop for said granular powder deposited on said surface during at least said first sequence of steps D) and E), the motif being eventually flush with said decorative coating.
  13. Method for fabricating a timepiece component according to any of claims 10 to 12, characterised in that the timepiece component is a dial which has a convex upper surface, which is at least partially defined by the upper surface of said decorative coating.
  14. Method for fabricating a timepiece component according to any of claims 10 to 13, characterised in that an enamelling process is performed on a surface of said support on the side opposite to that of said surface intended to receive said decorative coating, said enamelling process forming a counter-enamel to conserve the initial shape of said support.
  15. Method for fabricating a timepiece component according to any of claims 10 to 14, characterised in that said decorative coating has a thickness of between 200 and 300 microns (200-300µm).
EP18170444.6A 2018-05-02 2018-05-02 Method for manufacturing timepiece components comprising an aventurine decorative coating Active EP3564758B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18170444.6A EP3564758B1 (en) 2018-05-02 2018-05-02 Method for manufacturing timepiece components comprising an aventurine decorative coating
US16/381,850 US20190338425A1 (en) 2018-05-02 2019-04-11 Method for fabricating timepiece components including a decorative coating of aventurine
CN201910359023.4A CN110442008A (en) 2018-05-02 2019-04-30 Manufacture includes the method for the clock and watch component of aventurine upholstery cover

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18170444.6A EP3564758B1 (en) 2018-05-02 2018-05-02 Method for manufacturing timepiece components comprising an aventurine decorative coating

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3564758A1 EP3564758A1 (en) 2019-11-06
EP3564758B1 true EP3564758B1 (en) 2021-06-30

Family

ID=62110922

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18170444.6A Active EP3564758B1 (en) 2018-05-02 2018-05-02 Method for manufacturing timepiece components comprising an aventurine decorative coating

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20190338425A1 (en)
EP (1) EP3564758B1 (en)
CN (1) CN110442008A (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP1654077S (en) * 2018-12-06 2020-03-02
EP3835880B1 (en) * 2019-12-10 2022-08-10 Comadur S.A. Horological dial with feet
EP3882715B1 (en) * 2020-03-19 2024-03-13 Omega SA Timepiece with double-sided display
EP3968097A1 (en) * 2020-09-09 2022-03-16 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Clock assembly and method for manufacturing same
EP4016200A1 (en) * 2020-12-21 2022-06-22 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Method for manufacturing a digital display device and digital display device

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR324710A (en) * 1902-09-24 1903-04-08 Humbert Droz A A watch box
JP4523308B2 (en) * 2004-03-25 2010-08-11 シチズンホールディングス株式会社 Display board structure
JP4570424B2 (en) * 2004-03-29 2010-10-27 大日本印刷株式会社 Method for coloring concave portions formed on the surface of a decorative sheet or decorative plate
EP2138323A1 (en) * 2008-06-23 2009-12-30 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Decorative element made by inlaying
CH704681B1 (en) * 2011-03-23 2015-08-14 Rubattel Et Weyermann S A glazed room decorated for a timepiece or jewelry and its manufacturing process.
CN107329390B (en) * 2017-07-27 2023-06-16 广州番禺职业技术学院 High-temperature enamel dial and manufacturing method thereof
CN107379863B (en) * 2017-07-27 2022-04-15 广州番禺职业技术学院 Cloisonne-imitated enamel dial plate and production method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20190338425A1 (en) 2019-11-07
CN110442008A (en) 2019-11-12
EP3564758A1 (en) 2019-11-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3564758B1 (en) Method for manufacturing timepiece components comprising an aventurine decorative coating
EP1893542B1 (en) Technical or decorative component associating a transparent material and a silica-based amorphous material and method for making same
EP2315673B1 (en) Decorative item produced by inlaying
EP2237698B1 (en) Object provided with a graphics element transferred onto a support wafer and method of producing such an object
JP7005667B2 (en) Outer element or front panel for timekeepers or ornaments made of conductive material
CH714234B1 (en) A method of manufacturing a part and a part for watchmaking or jewelry, with a surface comprising titanium colored by oxidation.
EP2316299B1 (en) Part comprising a structure made from inorganic material and an elastomer covering and method for obtaining such a part
EP3078436A1 (en) Method for manufacturing a clock component
CH710494B1 (en) A method of manufacturing an article having a reliefless decorated surface.
CH714962A2 (en) A method of manufacturing watch components comprising a decorative coating of aventurine.
CH715336A2 (en) Method for assembling at least two elements and covering component thus formed.
EP3622846A1 (en) Method for assembling at least two elements
EP3623877A1 (en) Method for manufacturing a clock component
EP3814553B1 (en) Method for manufacturing decorative parts
EP4122663A1 (en) Multi-coloured item made from cermet and/or ceramic and manufacturing method thereof
EP3892151A1 (en) Clock component and method for manufacturing a clock component
EP3226082B1 (en) Timepiece movement component
EP3696151A1 (en) Coloured watch glass
CH716645B1 (en) Process for manufacturing a clothing component for a timepiece or piece of jewelery and clothing component made of a coated material of natural origin.
EP0082119A1 (en) Watch case body and method to manufacture the same
CH718233B1 (en) Wristwatch component, wristwatch and method of manufacturing a wristwatch component.
EP4307053A1 (en) Method for manufacturing a clock component
EP3195755A1 (en) Timepiece provided with a nacre decorative trim part
EP1734018A1 (en) Technical or decorative element wherein transparent and amorphous materials are associated and method for producing such an element
CH719892A2 (en) Process for manufacturing a watch component.

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN PUBLISHED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20200506

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20210304

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: KISSLING, GREGORY

Inventor name: MCGILL, CLAIRE

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1406903

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20210715

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602018019191

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: FRENCH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG9D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210630

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210630

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210930

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20210630

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MK05

Ref document number: 1406903

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20210630

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210630

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210930

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210630

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210630

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20211001

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210630

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210630

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210630

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20211102

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210630

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210630

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210630

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210630

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210630

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210630

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602018019191

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210630

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210630

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20220331

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210630

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20220531

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210630

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220502

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210630

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220502

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220531

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20230701

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20180502

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210630

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210630

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210630

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20240419

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20240418

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20240602

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20240418

Year of fee payment: 7