EP3517632B1 - Verfahren zum betrieb eines hochofens - Google Patents
Verfahren zum betrieb eines hochofens Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3517632B1 EP3517632B1 EP17879791.6A EP17879791A EP3517632B1 EP 3517632 B1 EP3517632 B1 EP 3517632B1 EP 17879791 A EP17879791 A EP 17879791A EP 3517632 B1 EP3517632 B1 EP 3517632B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- blast furnace
- sintered ore
- ore
- feed materials
- component concentrations
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 99
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 54
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 22
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 19
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 serpentinite Substances 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003292 diminished effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004876 x-ray fluorescence Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/006—Automatically controlling the process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/008—Composition or distribution of the charge
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
- C22B1/20—Sintering; Agglomerating in sintering machines with movable grates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/80—Interaction of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel with other processes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a blast furnace operation method involving adjusting consumptions of blast furnace feed materials, and in particular, to a blast furnace operation method involving measuring component concentrations of sintered ore, which is a blast furnace feed material, and using the component concentrations to adjust consumptions of blast furnace feed materials.
- iron-bearing materials such as sintered ore, lump iron ore and pellets are mainly used as iron sources for blast furnace feed materials.
- Sintered ore is a type of agglomerated ore and is obtained as follows.
- CaO-bearing materials such as limestone, quick lime, and slags
- auxiliary materials serving as a SiO 2 source or a MgO source, such as silica stone, serpentinite, dolomite, and nickel refining slags
- a solid fuel (carbonaceous material) serving as a binding material such as coke breeze and anthracite
- Variations in the component concentrations of a sintering raw material lead to variations in the component concentrations of sintered ore, which is a product.
- the component concentrations of a material that is charged into a blast furnace are consistently managed for the purpose of controlling the quality of slags, for example. If a component concentration increases, another component needs to be added as an auxiliary material to dilute the component concentration. It is, therefore, necessary to quickly detect a change in component concentrations of sintered ore, lump iron ore, and pellets.
- Lump iron ore and pellets are products themselves, and, therefore, analysis of component concentrations is performed when, for example, products are unloaded.
- sintered ore however, no online analysis of component concentrations is currently performed, and the current situation is that analysis of component concentrations is very seldom performed.
- Patent Literature 1 discloses a technology in which the reducibility and the reduction degradation property of product sintered ore are predicted from the sintering raw material filling status, and, a consumption of a sintering raw material, rather than a consumption ratio for blast furnace feed materials, is adjusted to adjust the blast furnace feed materials.
- Patent Literature 2 discloses a technology in which FeO in product sintered ore is measured, and, on the basis of the difference from an aimed target value, the binding material for the sintering raw material, the water content for granulation, and the amount of exhaust air are adjusted.
- Patent Literature 3 discloses a technology in which, similarly, FeO in product sintered ore is measured, and, on the basis of the difference from an aimed target value, the amount of city gas to be injected into a sintering machine is adjusted.
- Patent Literature 4 discloses a technology in which the components of product sintered ore are estimated on the basis of the components in a surface layer of a sintering raw material, which are determined by a laser-type component analyzer provided on a sintering machine, and, a sintering raw material is formulated in a manner that reflects the estimate.
- PTL 5 discloses a blast furnace operation method wherein the chemical composition of raw materials to be charged into the blast furnace is measured with the lapse of time.
- PTL 6 discloses a method of improving the chemical composition of slag in blast furnace smelting.
- PTL 7 discloses a method of producing sintered ore raw material using magnetite ore.
- PTL 8 discloses an operating method of a blast furnace.
- Patent Literature 1 to Patent Literature 4 are technologies in which a particular component concentration of sintered ore is measured and, by using the measured component concentration, the sintering raw material is adjusted or the conditions for producing sintered ore are adjusted. None of Patent Literature 1 to Patent Literature 4 discloses adjusting, by using a measured component concentration of sintered ore, the consumptions of blast furnace feed materials to be charged into a blast furnace. Since the component concentrations of sintered ore can also change with the heat level during the sintering reaction, inhibiting changes in the component concentrations of a sintering raw material does not necessarily inhibit changes in the component concentrations of sintered ore.
- the present invention was made in view of such problems of the related art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a blast furnace operation method that makes it possible to control the component concentrations of blast furnace feed materials to target component concentrations even if there is a change in the component concentrations of a sintering raw material.
- the present invention solves the above problems through a method according to claim 1. Further advantageous embodiments of the method are described in dependant claims 2-5.
- the component concentrations of blast furnace feed materials can be controlled to target component concentrations. Consequently, changes in the viscosity of blast furnace slags, for example, are inhibited, which contributes to stable operation of a blast furnace.
- a measuring step for measuring component concentrations of sintered ore is provided, and component concentrations of sintered ore are measured in the measuring step.
- the consumptions of product sintered ore, pellets, lump iron ore, and an auxiliary material, which are blast furnace feed materials are adjusted. Consequently, the component concentrations of blast furnace feed materials can be controlled to reach target component concentrations, and as a result, stable blast furnace operation is made possible. With this finding, the present invention was made. The present invention will now be described with reference to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a sintered ore production apparatus 10, which can implement a blast furnace operation method according to the present embodiment.
- a sintered ore production apparatus 10 includes a sintering machine 12, a primary crusher 14, a cooler 16, a secondary crusher 18, a plurality of sieving devices 20, 22, 24, 26, an infrared analyzer 28, a product line 30, and a return ore line 32.
- the sintering machine 12 performs a sintering step.
- the sintering machine 12 is, for example, a downward-suction-type Dwight-Lloyd sintering machine.
- the sintering machine 12 includes a sintering raw material feeding device, an endless-moving-type pallet, an ignition furnace, and wind boxes.
- a sintering raw material is charged into the pallet through the sintering raw material feeding device, thereby forming a burden layer of the sintering raw material.
- the ignition furnace ignites the burden layer. Air within the burden layer is sucked downwardly through the wind boxes, thereby moving the combustion and melting zone within the burden layer toward a lower portion in the burden layer.
- the burden layer is sintered to form a sintered cake.
- a gas fuel and/or oxygen-gas-enriched air may be supplied from above the burden layer.
- the gas fuel is a combustible gas selected from the following: blast furnace gas, coke oven gas, a mixed gas of a blast furnace gas and coke oven gas, converter gas, city gas, natural gas, methane gas, ethane gas, propane gas, and a mixed gas thereof.
- the primary crusher 14 performs a crushing step.
- a sintered cake is crushed by the primary crusher 14 to form sintered ore.
- the cooler 16 performs a cooling step. Sintered ore is cooled by the cooler 16 to form cooled sintered ore.
- the sieving devices 20, 22, 24, 26 perform a sieving step.
- cooled sintered ore is sieved and separated into sintered ore having particle sizes greater than 75 mm and sintered ore having particle sizes less than or equal to 75 mm.
- particle sizes refers to particle sizes determined by performing sieving with a sieve: for example, “sintered ore having particle sizes greater than 75 mm” refers to particle sizes such that sintered ore, when sieved with a sieve having an opening size of 75 mm, is retained on the sieve, and “sintered ore having particle sizes less than or equal to 75 mm” refers to particle sizes such that sintered ore, when sieved with a sieve having an opening size of 75 mm, is not retained on the sieve.
- Sintered ore having particle sizes greater than 75 mm which is retained on the sieve when sieved with the sieving device 20, is crushed with the secondary crusher 18 to reduce the particle sizes to less than or equal to 50 mm.
- the crushed sintered ore is mixed with non-retained sintered ore, and the mixture is sieved with the sieving device 22. This ensures that the upper limit of the particle sizes of product sintered ore is not greater than 75 mm.
- Sintered ore having particle sizes less than or equal to 75 mm which is not retained on the sieve when sieved with the sieving device 20, is subsequently sieved and separated, by using the sieving devices 22, 24, 26, into product sintered ore having particle sizes greater than 5 mm and return ore having particle sizes less than or equal to 5 mm.
- Product sintered ore, which is sieved and separated with the sieving devices 22, 24 and 26, is transferred to a blast furnace 34 by a conveyor belt that forms the product line 30.
- return ore which is sieved and separated with the sieving devices 22, 24 and 26, is transferred to the sintering raw material feeding device of the sintering machine 12 again by a conveyor belt that forms the return ore line 32.
- the conveyor belt that forms the product line 30 is provided with the infrared analyzer 28.
- the infrared analyzer 28 performs the measuring step. In the measuring step, the component concentration of at least one of total CaO, SiO 2 , MgO, Al 2 O 3 , and FeO that are present in product sintered ore are measured.
- the infrared analyzer 28 radiates infrared light having wavelengths ranging from 0.5 ⁇ m to 50.0 ⁇ m onto sintered ore and receives reflected light from the sintered ore.
- Total CaO is determined by calculating Ca in all compounds including Ca and O, such as CaO, CaCO 3 , Ca(OH) 2 , and Fe 2 CaO 4 , as CaO.
- the infrared analyzer 28 radiates infrared light having 20 or more wavelengths and receives reflected light reflected from sintered ore, at a frequency of 128 times per minute. By radiating infrared light in a short time as described above, the infrared analyzer 28 can measure, on-line and sequentially, the component concentrations of sintered ore, which is transferred on the conveyor belt that forms the product line 30.
- the infrared analyzer 28 is an example of a component analysis instrument.
- the component analysis instrument is not limited to an instrument of the type that spectrally analyzes reflected light and may be an instrument of the type that spectrally analyzes transmitted light.
- infrared analyzer 28 it is possible to use a laser analyzer that radiates laser beams onto an object to be measured, a neutron analyzer that radiates neutrons onto an object to be measured, or a microwave analyzer that radiates microwaves onto an object to be measured.
- the product sintered ore is transferred to the blast furnace 34, and is subjected to an adjusting step in which the consumptions of blast furnace feed materials including product sintered ore, pellets, lump iron ore, and an auxiliary material are adjusted.
- the blast furnace feed materials may include one or more other materials in addition to the materials mentioned above or may not include pellets.
- the total component amounts of the blast furnace feed materials are calculated by using the component concentrations of the product sintered ore measured using the infrared analyzer 28 and premeasured component concentrations of pellets, lump iron ore, and an auxiliary material, and, by using the calculated value, feed-forward control is performed on the consumptions of the blast furnace feed materials to obtain target component concentrations.
- the basicity (CaO/SiO 2 ) of the blast furnace feed materials can be controlled to target component concentrations by adjusting the consumption of an auxiliary material to be included in the blast furnace feed materials.
- the reducibility of the blast furnace feed materials deteriorates.
- indirect reduction which is an exothermic reaction
- direct reduction which is an endothermic reaction
- the heat within the blast furnace becomes insufficient.
- an additional amount of reducing agent has to be charged into the blast furnace, which results in an increase in the coke ratio for blast furnace operation.
- FeO in blast furnace feed materials can be controlled to a target component concentration by adjusting the consumption of lump ore to be included in the blast furnace feed materials.
- the consumptions of blast furnace feed materials are adjusted to ensure that the component concentrations of the blast furnace feed materials correspond to target component concentrations.
- the frequency at which component concentrations are measured using the infrared analyzer 28 is 128 times per minute, and the average of the 128 component concentrations was calculated once per minute, and, by using the calculated average of the component concentrations, the consumptions of the blast furnace feed materials were adjusted every minute.
- component concentrations of product sintered ore which is transferred on the product line 30, are measured using the infrared analyzer 28, and, by using the measured component concentrations, the consumptions of the blast furnace feed materials are adjusted to ensure that target component concentrations are obtained.
- the component concentrations of blast furnace feed materials can be controlled to target component concentrations. Charging such blast furnace feed materials into a blast furnace results in stable blast furnace operation and inhibits an increase in the coke ratio for blast furnace operation.
- the infrared analyzer 28 is provided at the conveyor belt that forms the product line 30, and, component concentrations of product sintered ore are measured.
- the infrared analyzer 28 may be provided at any of one or more locations of the sintered ore production apparatus 10, and component concentrations of at least one or more of cooled sintered ore, product sintered ore, and return ore may be measured.
- a burden layer which is formed of a sintering raw material charged into a pallet
- the component concentrations significantly differ between a surface layer and a lower layer, and, the component concentrations change with the water content of a sintering raw material and/or the condition of a sintering raw material feeding device.
- analysis using infrared light is only capable of analyzing a surface layer of an object to be analyzed.
- the burden layer in which the component concentrations differ between a surface layer and a lower layer and so the component concentrations change, is measured with the infrared analyzer 28, the component concentrations of the entire burden layer cannot be measured with high precision.
- the component concentrations of a surface layer and the component concentrations of a lower layer are not significantly different from each other.
- component concentrations of at least one of post-cooling-step sintered ore, product sintered ore, and return ore are measured.
- infrared light can be radiated only onto a portion of the sintered ore because, for example, infrared light cannot be radiated onto sintered ore having small particle sizes that is hidden behind sintered ore having large particle sizes, and furthermore, reflected light from sintered ore is unstable.
- the particle size distribution of sintered ore is narrow.
- component concentrations of at least one of product sintered ore and return ore, which are post-sieving-step ores be measured in the measuring step. Accordingly, the infrared analyzer 28 can radiate infrared light onto sintered ore uniformly, and reflected light from sintered ore is stable. As a result, component concentrations can be measured with higher precision.
- component concentrations of product sintered ore or return ore may be measured in the measuring step, but it is more preferable to measure product sintered ore rather than return ore because component concentrations of product sintered ore, which is used as one of the blast furnace feed materials, can be directly measured.
- the component concentrations of total CaO, SiO 2 , MgO, Al 2 O 3 , and FeO that are present in product sintered ore were measured at a frequency of once per minute by using a sintered ore production apparatus 10, in which an infrared analyzer 28 was provided at a product line 30.
- Invention Example 1 is an operation example in which the consumption of an auxiliary material of blast furnace feed materials was adjusted at a frequency of once per minute by using the measurement results.
- Comparative Example 1 is an operation example in which the consumption of an auxiliary material of blast furnace feed materials was not adjusted. The blast furnace coke ratio and changes in the basicity of blast furnace slags in Comparative Example 1 and Invention Example 1 were measured.
- Fig. 2 is a graph illustrating changes in the basicity of blast furnace slags.
- Fig. 2(a) illustrates changes in the basicity of Comparative Example 1
- Fig. 2(b) illustrates changes in the basicity of Invention Example 1.
- the horizontal axis represents time (day)
- the vertical axis represents total CaO/SiO 2 (-).
- the values of the basicity shown in Fig. 2 are values determined by performing chemical analysis off-line on the components of molten iron and blast furnace slags tapped from the blast furnace.
- Fig. 3 is a graph illustrating changes in the coke ratio.
- the horizontal axis represents time (day), and the vertical axis represents coke ratios (kg/t-pig).
- the coke ratios of 0th day to 19th day are coke ratios of Comparative Example 1, in which blast furnace operation was performed by charging blast furnace feed materials for which no adjustment of the consumptions was made.
- the coke ratios of 20th day to 39th day are coke ratios of Invention Example 1, in which blast furnace operation was performed by charging blast furnace feed materials for which adjustment of a consumption was made at a frequency of once per minute.
- Fig. 4 is a graph illustrating changes in the basicity of blast furnace feed materials and changes in the coke ratio.
- Fig. 4(a) illustrates changes in the basicities of blast furnace feed materials of Comparative Example 2 and Invention Example 2.
- the horizontal axis represents time (hour), and the vertical axis represents total CaO/SiO 2 (-) of blast furnace feed materials.
- Fig. 4(b) illustrates changes in the coke ratios for blast furnace operation of Comparative Example 2 and Invention Example 2.
- the horizontal axis represents time (hour)
- the vertical axis represents coke ratios (kg/t-pig).
- Comparative Example 2 is an operation example in which total CaO and SiO 2 in product sintered ore were measured at a frequency of once every two hours by using X-ray fluorescence, and, by using the measurement results, the consumption of an auxiliary material of blast furnace feed materials was adjusted at the same frequency.
- Invention Example 2 is an operation example in which, similarly to Invention Example 1, the component concentrations of total CaO and SiO 2 in product sintered ore were determined at a frequency of once per minute by using the infrared analyzer 28 provided at the production line 30, and, by using the measurement results, the consumption of an auxiliary material of blast furnace feed materials was adjusted at the same frequency.
- Fig. 5 is a graph illustrating measured values of FeO concentrations of Invention Example 3, Invention Example 4, and Comparative Example 3.
- the vertical axis represents measured values (mass%) of the FeO concentration at a specific time.
- Invention Example 3 is an operation example in which the infrared analyzer 28 was provided at the production line 30, the component concentrations of total CaO, SiO 2 , MgO, Al 2 O 3 , and FeO in product sintered ore were measured at a frequency of once per minute, and, by using the measurement results, the consumption of an auxiliary material of blast furnace feed materials was adjusted at a frequency of once per minute.
- Invention Example 4 is an operation example in which the infrared analyzer 28 was provided at a return ore line 32, the component concentrations of total CaO, SiO 2 , MgO, Al 2 O 3 , and FeO in product sintered ore were measured at a frequency of once per minute, and, by using the measurement results, the consumption of an auxiliary material of blast furnace feed materials was adjusted at a frequency of once per minute.
- Comparative Example 3 is an operation example in which the infrared analyzer 28 was provided at a location of a sintering machine 12 where measurement of the surface of a sintered cake was able to be performed, the component concentrations of total CaO, SiO 2 , MgO, Al 2 O 3 , and FeO in the surface of the sintered cake were measured at a frequency of once per minute, and, by using the measurement results, the consumption of an auxiliary material of blast furnace feed materials was adjusted at a frequency of once per minute.
- a FeO concentration determined by measuring product sintered ore was 7.1 mass%
- a FeO concentration determined by measuring return ore produced from the same sintering raw material was 6.9 mass%.
- This result indicates that the result of measurement of the FeO concentration of return ore and the result of measurement of the FeO concentration of product sintered ore, which were performed by using the infrared analyzer, were not significantly different from each other.
- a FeO concentration determined by measuring, by using the infrared analyzer 28, the surface of a sintered cake obtained by sintering the same sintering raw material was 5.6 mass%, which was significantly different from the FeO concentration determined by measuring product sintered ore.
- an infrared analyzer is only capable of measuring component concentrations in the surface irradiated with infrared light. By radiating infrared light onto the surface of product sintered ore or return ore, average components of the entirety can be determined. This is because product sintered ore or return ore either is homogenized to some extent in the process of crushing. On the other hand, in a sintered cake, a significant difference is generated between the component concentrations of an upper layer and those of a lower layer. This is because the component concentrations of a sintering raw material charged into the pallet differ between an upper layer and a lower layer, and, the heat level during sintering differs between an upper layer and a lower layer.
- Fig. 6 is a graph illustrating amounts of reduction in the coke ratio of Invention Example 3, Invention Example 4, and Comparative Example 3.
- the vertical axis represents amounts of reduction in the coke ratio (kg/t-pig).
- the amount of reduction in the coke ratio illustrated in Fig. 6 is an amount of reduction determined using a coke ratio obtained before adjusting the consumptions of the blast furnace feed materials and a coke ratio obtained when, supposedly, the influence of operation variations had diminished and the operation had entered a steady state, after 120 hours elapsed from the time at which the consumptions of the blast furnace feed materials were adjusted in accordance with Invention Example 3, Invention Example 4, or Comparative Example 3.
- Invention Example 3 in which the consumption of an auxiliary material of the blast furnace feed materials was adjusted by using component concentrations of product sintered ore to be charged into the blast furnace as a blast furnace feed material, and in Invention Example 4, in which the consumption of an auxiliary material of the blast furnace feed materials was adjusted by using component concentrations of return ore having component concentrations similar to the component concentrations of product sintered ore, the coke ratio at a point in time after 120 hours elapsed was reduced.
- Comparative Example 3 in which the consumption of an auxiliary material of the blast furnace feed materials was adjusted by using a measured value of a sintered cake, which had component concentrations significantly different from those of product sintered ore to be charged into the blast furnace, the coke ratio at a point in time after 120 hours elapsed, on the contrary, was increased. It is presumed that this was a result attributable to the fact that, in Comparative Example 3, the component concentrations of the blast furnace feed materials to be charged into the blast furnace were not adjusted to target component concentrations.
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- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Claims (5)
- Hochofen-Betriebsverfahren, das die Beschickung eines Hochofens (34) mit Hochofeneinsatzmaterial umfasst, wobei die Hochofen-Einsatzmaterialien das Produkt gesintertes Erz, stückiges Eisenerz und einen Hilfsstoff zur Kontrolle der durch CaO/SiO2 definierten Schlackenbasizität umfassen, wobei das Hochofen-Betriebsverfahren umfasst:einen Sinterschritt zum Sintern eines Sinter-Rohmaterials, um einen Sinterkuchen zu bilden;einen Zerkleinerungsschritt zum Zerkleinern des Sinterkuchens, um gesintertes Erz zu bilden;einen Kühlschritt zum Kühlen des gesinterten Erzes;einen Siebschritt zum Sieben des gekühlten gesinterten Erzes, um in das Produkt Sintererz und Rücklauferz zu trennen;einen Messschritt zum Messen der Konzentration einer Komponente von mindestens einem Element aus dem gekühlten Sintererz, dem Produkt Sintererz und dem Rücklauferz, wobei jedes auf einem Förderband (30, 32) transportiert wird, wobei ein Infrarot-Analysator (28) oder ein Laser-Analysator oder ein Neutronen-Analysator oder ein Mikrowellen-Analysator verwendet wird, undeinen Einstellschritt zum Einstellen der Verbrauchsdaten des Produktes gesintertes Erz, des stückigen Eisenerzes und des Hilfsstoffs, die zu den Hochofen-Einsatzmaterialien gehören,wobei im Einstellschritt die Gesamtmengen der Komponenten der Hochofen-Einsatzmaterialien unter Verwendung der Komponentenkonzentrationen von mindestens einer Komponente aus dem gekühlten Sintererz, dem Produkt Sintererz und dem Rücklauferz, die im Messschritt gemessen wurden, und vorgemessene Komponentenkonzentrationen von stückigem Eisenerz und dem Hilfsstoff berechnet werden, und unter Verwendung des berechneten Wertes wird eine Optimalwertsteuerung durch Einstellen der Verbrauchsdaten der Hochofen-Einsatzmaterialien mittels der Komponentenkonzentration, die im Messschritt gemessen wurde, vorgenommen.
- Hochofen-Betriebsverfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobeidie Hochofen-Einsatzmaterialien ferner Pellets enthalten, undim Einstellschritt die Verbrauchsdaten des Produktes Sintererz, der Pellets, des stückigen Eisenerzes und des Hilfsstoffs, die zu den Hochofen-Einsatzmaterialien gehören, eingestellt werden.
- Hochofen-Betriebsverfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei im Messschritt die Komponentenkonzentration von mindestens einem Element aus dem Produkt Sintererz und dem Rücklauferz gemessen wird.
- Hochofen-Betriebsverfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei im Messschritt die Komponentenkonzentration des Produktes Sintererz gemessen wird.
- Hochofen-Betriebsverfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 4, wobei im Messschritt die Komponentenkonzentration von mindestens einem Element aus dem gesamten CaO, SiO2, MgO, Al2O3 und FeO gemessen wird.
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CN114594073B (zh) * | 2022-01-25 | 2023-08-11 | 虔东稀土集团股份有限公司 | 一种稀土金属生产在线检测方法及系统 |
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JPS5910966B2 (ja) * | 1979-09-28 | 1984-03-13 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | 高炉の操業方法 |
JPS5751206A (en) * | 1980-09-12 | 1982-03-26 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Operating method for blast furnace |
JPS57149433A (en) | 1981-03-07 | 1982-09-16 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Method and device for preparing sintered ore having preset content of feo |
JPS60262926A (ja) * | 1984-06-08 | 1985-12-26 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 成品焼結鉱成分濃度の制御方法 |
JPH06108124A (ja) * | 1992-09-29 | 1994-04-19 | Nippon Steel Corp | 高炉操業法 |
JPH10324929A (ja) | 1997-05-26 | 1998-12-08 | Nippon Steel Corp | 焼結鉱の製造方法 |
JP3787237B2 (ja) * | 1998-01-23 | 2006-06-21 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | 高炉へのペレット高配合鉄鉱石の装入方法 |
KR100374231B1 (ko) * | 1998-07-31 | 2003-05-16 | 주식회사 포스코 | 재순환상부광을이용한소결광제조방법 |
JP2001107115A (ja) * | 1999-10-06 | 2001-04-17 | Nippon Steel Corp | 高被還元性焼結鉱を使用した高炉操業方法 |
KR100786499B1 (ko) * | 2001-12-18 | 2007-12-17 | 주식회사 포스코 | 소결광 제조방법 |
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JP2005097658A (ja) * | 2003-09-24 | 2005-04-14 | Jfe Steel Kk | 焼結鉱主原料成分割合予測方法および焼結鉱成分割合制御方法ならび焼結鉱主原料成分割合予測プログラム |
JP2005298923A (ja) * | 2004-04-13 | 2005-10-27 | Nippon Steel Corp | 高炉における高鉱石/還元材比操業方法 |
JP4802739B2 (ja) * | 2006-01-31 | 2011-10-26 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 高炉原料混合度計測方法および高炉原料混合度計測装置 |
JP5012138B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-28 | 2012-08-29 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | 高炉操業方法 |
JP5544784B2 (ja) * | 2009-08-17 | 2014-07-09 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 焼結機 |
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JP2013147718A (ja) * | 2012-01-20 | 2013-08-01 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corp | 焼結鉱の製造方法 |
CN102722652B (zh) * | 2012-06-01 | 2015-09-16 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢钒有限公司 | 一种高炉冶炼成本计算及优化方法 |
CN104164558B (zh) * | 2014-08-27 | 2016-04-13 | 攀钢集团成都钢钒有限公司 | 一种烧结工序烧结矿质量控制方法 |
JP2016130341A (ja) * | 2015-01-14 | 2016-07-21 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | マグネタイト鉱石を用いた焼結鉱原料の製造方法 |
CN104593532B (zh) * | 2015-01-19 | 2017-07-07 | 河北联合大学 | 一种炼铁系统炉料优化方法 |
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