EP3464165B1 - System and method for dispensing liquid from a tanker - Google Patents
System and method for dispensing liquid from a tanker Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3464165B1 EP3464165B1 EP17722744.4A EP17722744A EP3464165B1 EP 3464165 B1 EP3464165 B1 EP 3464165B1 EP 17722744 A EP17722744 A EP 17722744A EP 3464165 B1 EP3464165 B1 EP 3464165B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- collector
- valve
- control
- flow cross
- degassing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004712 air sac Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
- B67D7/06—Details or accessories
- B67D7/36—Arrangements of flow- or pressure-control valves
Definitions
- the invention relates to a system for dispensing liquid from a tanker truck having a plurality of chambers, each with at least one bottom valve, the bottom valves each being connected to a collector via a connecting line and a collector valve each, the collector being connected to at least one discharge valve via at least one discharge line is, and wherein the collector further comprises a degassing device.
- the invention also relates to a corresponding method.
- a collector which connects the bottom valves of the chambers of the tanker to a common discharge line or collection line, which leads to a discharge valve.
- the collector usually has several collector valves assigned to the connecting lines to the bottom valves.
- the collector is equipped with a venting device in order to discharge the air displaced as part of the inflow of the liquid.
- a system with such a collector is known, for example, from EP 2 301 800 A2 .
- the systems and methods mentioned at the outset are also known from WO 2004/106 218 A1 and DE 10 2010 050 576 A1 .
- the liquid-carrying lines in particular the connecting lines between the collector valves of the collector and the bottom valves as well as the discharge line, have a gradient.
- the center of gravity should be as low as possible. This and other design limitations limit the slope of the lines.
- so-called flat bottom valves are installed. Due to the design, these form air bags in the connected lines, since the Bottom valves themselves are lower than the top edge of the connecting lines. As a result, air that enters the connecting lines between the collector valves and the bottom valves can only be vented to a limited extent into the respective tank chamber. It is not possible to lower the collector any further, as there is usually a measuring system for measuring the liquid discharged underneath the collector and, of course, sufficient ground clearance for the tanker must still be ensured.
- the object of the invention is to provide a system and a method of the type mentioned at the outset with which the dispensing of liquid can be accelerated in a simple and reliable manner, especially at the beginning of the liquid dispensing, with high measurement accuracy.
- the invention solves the problem in that at least two flow cross sections of different sizes can be released through the collector valves, and that a control device is provided which, for dispensing liquid from a chamber, uses the collector valve connected to the bottom valve of this chamber first opens with a smaller flow cross section, and then opens the collector valve with a larger flow cross section.
- the invention solves the problem in that, in order to dispense liquid from a chamber, the collector valve assigned to the bottom valve of this chamber is first opened with a smaller flow cross section, and that the collector valve is then opened with a larger flow cross section.
- the limited degassing performance of the degassing device of the collector can be taken into account.
- the occurrence of an overpressure in the collector and the associated penetration of gas, in particular air, into the connecting line between the collector valve and the bottom valve can be avoided.
- the collector valve is moved from the throttle position to a fully open position in particular, in which there is a larger, in particular the maximum flow cross-section to the delivery line.
- the accuracy of a measuring device for measuring the volume of liquid dispensed is increased according to the invention, since each interruption in measurement that occurs in the prior art and is avoided according to the invention in the course of the beginning of liquid delivery leads to a start-up error due to the necessary acceleration of the moving parts and a lag of the measuring device, for example a turbine meter, and an associated inaccuracy.
- the collector valves can each be designed in at least two stages. Of course, the collector valves can also be designed to release more than two flow cross sections of different sizes. A stepless adjustment of the flow cross sections is also conceivable.
- the control device can in particular be an electronic control device.
- the invention is particularly suitable for systems such as EP 0 895 960 B1 , EP 2 159 553 A2 or EP 2 301 800 A2 known. This applies in particular to the use of measuring systems that do not provide for any integrated venting, except in the supply line to the measuring system.
- the invention can also be advantageously used in other systems for dispensing liquid. For reasons of contamination alone, operators of such systems often require the collector to be completely emptied when changing products, which inevitably results in the problem explained above. Even a conventional gas extractor system designed to separate air is regularly interrupted several times, resulting in the measurement inaccuracies and loss of time explained.
- the control device opens the collector valve when the collector has been completely degassed via the degassing device with the larger flow cross section.
- the degassing device can in particular be a venting device for venting the collector.
- the Degassing device can have a degassing detector that indicates that the degassing of the Collector detected via the degassing device, wherein the degassing detector is connected to the control device.
- the control device can open the collector valve after receiving a signal from the degassing detector that the collector with the larger flow cross-section has been completely degassed.
- the control of the collector valve in particular the throttle position, can thus take place in a particularly simple manner parallel to the degassing device.
- the degassing detector can, for example, detect that the collector is completely filled with liquid and cause the collector valve to open completely.
- the control device opens the collector valve with the larger flow cross section after a predetermined opening time has elapsed after the collector valve with the smaller flow cross section was opened.
- a period of time is thus defined during which the collector valve remains in the throttle position releasing the smaller flow cross section. After this time has elapsed, the collector valve is actuated to open the larger flow cross section. Due to the known dimensions of the system, in particular the volumes of the lines and the collector, the filling times with liquid at the beginning of a liquid delivery can be reliably determined in advance. It is thus possible to determine a time that elapses before the collector is sufficiently or completely filled, that is to say until there is sufficient or complete degassing. This period of time can then be specified for the opening of the collector valve with the smaller flow cross section.
- the collector valves each have a valve piston that can be moved in an axial direction, the valve pistons being able to move between a closed position that closes access to the collector and in which the valve pistons each lie tightly against a valve seat and at least two opening positions that are lifted off the valve seat by different distances can be adjusted, in which the collector valve releases flow cross sections of different sizes to the collector.
- Multi-stage valves are known per se in various configurations. In principle, any valve suitable in this respect can be used according to the invention. The configuration explained above is a practical variant.
- the first open position which corresponds to a throttle position of the collector valve, is in particular closer to the valve seat or less far from the valve seat than the second open position, which is in particular the fully open position of the collector valve.
- the piston of the respective collector valve can, for example, be activated pneumatically, hydraulically or in some other suitable manner. This is known per se.
- the valve pistons can each be held at one end of a piston rod, at the other end of which a control piston guided in a control chamber is arranged.
- the piston rods can each be guided in an axially movable manner in a ring seal, for example an O-ring seal arranged in a receptacle in a bore.
- a control slot that bridges the ring seal at least in the closed position can be formed in each of the piston rods, with the control slots being connected to a first control line in the closed position and until the first open position lifted from the valve seat is reached, via which, controlled by the control device, a Pressure fluid, for example compressed air, can be introduced through the control slots into the respective control chamber in order to adjust the respective control piston and the respective valve piston via the respective piston rod into the first open position lifted off the valve seat.
- the control slots can each be formed on the end of the piston rod facing the control piston and can each extend as far as the control piston.
- the first control line opens out on the side facing away from the control room the ring seal into a guide bore that guides the piston rod.
- the control pistons can each be seated on a control valve seat.
- the control slots are each in a position in which they bridge the ring seal.
- the first control line is connected to the respective control slot. Pressure fluid introduced via the first control line can therefore flow past the annular seal into the control chamber via the control slots and thus lift the control piston from a control valve seat.
- the control slot In the first open position lifted from the valve seat, the control slot has moved past the ring seal, ie it no longer bridges it. The ring seal now separates the first control line from the control slot. A further opening of the valve via the first control line is therefore no longer possible.
- the first opening position is precisely defined in a particularly simple manner without a position measurement or position control being required. Rather, the collector valves regulate themselves to the first open position. Any drop in pressure in the control chamber is also corrected automatically, since when the control piston and the piston rod are moved back, the control slot bridges the ring seal again, so that pressure is again exerted on the control piston via the first control line until the first open position is reached (again).
- a pressurized fluid for example compressed air
- the collector valves can only be actuated to reach the fully open position if the collector valves, actuated via the first control line, are on the way to their or preferably already in the first open position. This in turn further simplifies the structure of the system according to the invention. In this way, pressure can be applied to all second control lines of the collector valves via the control device. However, only the one or more collector valves that have previously been moved to the first open position are moved to the fully open position.
- each of the second pressure lines can be assigned a pneumatic control valve, which is preloaded into a closed position in which it does not permit pressurized fluid to be introduced via the second control line into the control chamber of the collector valves, and which is brought into an open position by pressure fluid introduced via the first pressure lines, in particular an associated pressure build-up, in which it allows pressure fluid to be introduced via the second control line into the control chamber of the collector valves.
- a pneumatic control valve which is preloaded into a closed position in which it does not permit pressurized fluid to be introduced via the second control line into the control chamber of the collector valves, and which is brought into an open position by pressure fluid introduced via the first pressure lines, in particular an associated pressure build-up, in which it allows pressure fluid to be introduced via the second control line into the control chamber of the collector valves.
- the degassing device can comprise at least one degassing line connected to the collector.
- the degassing line can in particular be open to the atmosphere or connected to a gas recycling system.
- At least one gas bubble sensor can also be arranged in the at least one delivery line.
- at least one volume meter can be arranged in the at least one delivery line to measure the quantity of liquid delivered, preferably a turbine meter.
- the system according to the invention can basically be designed as in EP 0 895 960 B1 , EP 2 159 553 A2 or EP 2 301 800 A2 described.
- the system can be designed, for example, for dispensing liquid under the force of gravity.
- the invention is not only suitable for systems with gravity discharge, but also for systems with liquid discharge taking place by pumps.
- the gas bubble sensor detects gas bubbles, in particular air bubbles, in the delivery line and switches off the liquid delivery to avoid gas bubbles being incorrectly measured in the volume counter. It is precisely with such a system, which is advantageous in many respects, that the advantages according to the invention come into their own, since switching off the system at the beginning of the liquid delivery is largely avoided, in contrast to the prior art.
- the collector valves can also be connected via at least one filling line to at least one filling coupling for filling the chambers via the bottom valves.
- the chambers are then suitable for filling using the so-called bottom loading method.
- the invention also relates to a tanker comprising a plurality of chambers, each with at least one bottom valve and a system according to the invention.
- a tank 10 of a tank truck is shown.
- the tank 10 has three chambers 12, 14, 16 in the example shown. Of course, more or fewer than three chambers can also be provided.
- Each chamber 12, 14, 16 is assigned a bottom valve 18, 20, 22 on the underside.
- the bottom valves 18, 20, 22 are each connected to a collector 36 via a connecting line 24, 26, 28 and a collector valve 30, 32, 34.
- a common output line 38 is connected to one end of the collector 36 .
- the collector 36 supplies liquid from the connecting lines 24, 26, 28 to the common delivery line 38 in a manner known per se.
- the delivery line 38 is in the figure 1 located on one side of the collector 36. Of course, it could also be connected to the collector 36 at other positions.
- the collector 36 could also consist of several segments with different inclinations.
- a volume meter 42 for example a turbine meter, is also arranged in the common delivery line.
- a delivery valve 44 is provided on the outflow side of the volume meter 42 .
- a discharge hose can be connected to this, for example.
- the liquid can be discharged from the chambers 12, 14, 16 and via the connecting lines 24, 26, 28 and the discharge line 38 and the discharge valve 44, for example, due to the force of gravity.
- the liquid could also be dispensed by pumping.
- a pump can be located between the collector 36 and the volume meter 42, for example.
- Reference number 40 also shows a degassing valve of a degassing device of collector 36 , which opens into a degassing line 41 .
- Gas for example air
- the degassing valve 40 and the degassing line 41 are discharged from the collector 36 via the degassing valve 40 and the degassing line 41, for example into a gas recirculation system.
- a degassing valve 40 with a degassing line 41 could also be arranged at the other end of the collector 38 in order, for example, to ensure proper degassing even when the vehicle is tilted.
- An empty signaling sensor is also arranged on the delivery line 38 at the reference number 46 .
- An electronic control device 48 controls the system and its individual components via suitable control lines, as will be explained below. It also receives signals from the sensors and measuring devices of the system via suitable lines, in particular from the volume counter 42 and the empty signaling sensor 46.
- the volume counter 42 can also be preceded by a gas bubble sensor (not shown). Signals from the gas bubble sensor can also be made available to the control device 48 via a suitable line, so that it can be prevented that gas bubbles are also measured by the volume counter 42
- the collector valve 30 of the collector 36 is shown as an example in an enlarged view in FIG 2 shown.
- the collector valve and its function are explained below with reference to the collector valve 30 .
- the other collector valves 32, 34 can be identical in terms of structure and function.
- a piston 52 is shown, which can be actuated by a piston actuating device 54, for example a pneumatic actuating device, via a piston rod 56, in particular can be moved in the axial direction of the piston rod 56.
- the closed position of collector valve 30 is shown. In this, the piston 52 lies tightly against a valve seat 58 on the inside of the housing of the collector valve 30 . In this closed position, access via the connecting line 24 for liquid coming from the chamber 10 into the collector 36 is blocked.
- reference numeral 60 is in 2 a first axial position of the piston 52 is shown in dashed lines, in which a small flow cross section from the connecting line 24 to the collector 36 is released.
- reference numeral 62 is in 2 a second axial position of the piston 52 is shown in dashed lines, in which a larger flow cross section from the connecting line 24 to the collector 36 is released.
- the actuating device 54 for actuating the piston 52 is in particular also controlled by the control device 48 .
- the reference numeral 50 is in figure 2 a filling coupling shown. The chamber 10 is filled in a manner known per se via the filling coupling 50 in the so-called bottom loading process.
- the bottom valve 12 is opened under the control of the control device 48 and the piston 52 of the collector valve 30 moves into the in 2 axial position (throttle position) shown at reference numeral 60. Liquid then flows out of the chamber 10 via the connecting line 24 in the collector 36, as far as permitted by the throttle position of the piston 52. In particular, due to the small flow cross section released in the throttle position, there is no harmful excess pressure in the collector 36, which could lead to air penetrating into the connecting line 24.
- the air displaced from the collector 36 by the incoming liquid is safely discharged via the open degassing valve 40 and the degassing line 41, for example into a gas recirculation system.
- the liquid flowing into the collector 36 then continues to flow through the common discharge line 38 to the discharge valve 44. It should be understood, however, that the state of complete emptying is not a prerequisite for the use of the invention. When a chamber is emptied, air inevitably enters the collector 38 . If then, during the same delivery process, a switch is made to another chamber that is not empty, the same process begins to take place according to the invention.
- the piston 52 is again controlled by the control device 48 by the actuating device 54 in the in 2 proceed in the open position shown at reference number 62, in which a larger, in particular the maximum flow cross-section to the collector 36 for the liquid is released.
- the length of time can be chosen so that the collector 36 is already essentially completely filled with liquid, so that there is no longer a risk of air inclusions.
- the dispensing valve 44 can be opened and full-rate liquid dispensing can occur.
- the dispensing valve 44 can be opened, for example, when the gas bubble sensor detects that the dispensing line 38 is completely full.
- the amount dispensed when the liquid is dispensed is measured with the volume counter 42 and registered by the control device 48 . If the liquid delivery is to be throttled or stopped, for example because the desired quantity has been delivered or the level in the tank 10 is approaching a minimum value, the delivery valve 44 is switched off by the control device 48 to a smaller flow cross section or completely.
- FIG 3 the connecting line 24 can be seen, which connects the collector valve 30' to the respective bottom valve 18, 20, 22.
- the collector 36 is in 3 not shown. He is in 3 below the valve outlet 64', as is basically the case in 2 for collector valve 30 is shown.
- the collector valve 30' includes a valve piston 52', which in FIG 3 shown closed position of the collector valve 30 'sealingly against a valve seat 58' on the inside of the housing of the collector valve 30 '.
- the valve piston 52' is connected via a piston rod 56' to a control piston 66', which can be moved in a control chamber 68'.
- the valve piston 52' and thus the piston rod 56' and the control piston 66' are connected to the in 3 shown closed position biased.
- FIG. 4 also shows in 3 shown closed position of the collector valve 30 '.
- the piston rod 56' is guided in a bore 70' of the collector valve 30' during its axial movement.
- an annular seal 72' Near the exit of bore 70' into control chamber 68' is an annular seal 72', such as an O-ring seal.
- a control slot 74' which extends as far as the control piston 66', is formed on the end of the piston rod 56' facing the control piston 66'. in the in 4 shown closed position this control slot 74' bridges the ring seal 72'.
- a pressure fluid for example compressed air
- the pressure fluid can act on the valve piston 66′ via the control slot 74′ and bypassing the ring seal 72′, so that it moves into the in figure 5 shown first opening position can be adjusted.
- the control slot 74' no longer bridges the ring seal 72'.
- the first control line 77' is separated by the ring seal 72' from the control slot 74' and thus from the access to the control chamber 68' and the control piston 66' located therein.
- connection 78' through a second control line 79' including a connecting section 80', a pressure fluid, for example also compressed air, can be introduced into the control chamber 68' below the control piston 66' and thus the control piston 66' and thus via the piston rod 56' the valve piston 52 ' into the in 6 fully open position shown.
- a pressure fluid for example also compressed air
- connection 78' and the second control line 79' together with the connecting section 80' cannot be seen accordingly.
- a pressure build-up in the control chamber 68' via the second control line 79' is not possible as long as no pressure is built up via the first control line 77'. Rather, moving the collector valve 30' to the fully open position is only possible if the collector valve 30' is in the in figure 5 shown first opening position is adjusted.
- a pneumatically actuated control valve can be provided which, in its closed initial position, separates the connection between the pressure source acting via the second control line 79' and the control chamber 68' and is only actuated by the pressure applied to the first control line 77' and thereby opened is, preferably only when the collector valve 30 'in the in figure 5 shown first open position is located.
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- Loading And Unloading Of Fuel Tanks Or Ships (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anlage zur Abgabe von Flüssigkeit aus einem mehrere Kammern mit jeweils mindestens einem Bodenventil aufweisenden Tankwagen, wobei die Bodenventile jeweils über eine Verbindungsleitung und jeweils ein Kollektorventil mit einem Kollektor verbunden sind, wobei der Kollektor über mindestens eine Abgabeleitung mit mindestens einem Abgabeventil verbunden ist, und wobei der Kollektor weiterhin eine Entgasungseinrichtung aufweist. Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem ein entsprechendes Verfahren.The invention relates to a system for dispensing liquid from a tanker truck having a plurality of chambers, each with at least one bottom valve, the bottom valves each being connected to a collector via a connecting line and a collector valve each, the collector being connected to at least one discharge valve via at least one discharge line is, and wherein the collector further comprises a degassing device. The invention also relates to a corresponding method.
Solche Anlagen und Verfahren sind beispielsweise bekannt aus
Die flüssigkeitsführenden Leitungen, insbesondere die Verbindungsleitungen zwischen den Kollektorventilen des Kollektors und den Bodenventilen sowie die Abgabeleitung weisen ein Gefälle auf. Zur besseren Stabilität der Tankfahrzeuge ist ein möglichst tiefer Schwerpunkt erwünscht. Dies und weitere konstruktionsbedingte Einschränkungen begrenzen das Gefälle der Leitungen. Auch aus diesem Grund werden sogenannte flache Bodenventile verbaut. Diese bilden konstruktionsbedingt Luftsäcke in den angeschlossenen Leitungen, da die Bodenventile selbst tiefer liegen als die Oberkante der Anschlussleitungen. Dadurch kann Luft, die in die Verbindungsleitungen zwischen den Kollektorventilen und den Bodenventilen eintritt, nur begrenzt in die jeweilige Tankkammer entlüftet werden. Ein weiteres Absenken des Kollektors ist nicht möglich, da unter dem Kollektor in der Regel eine Messanlage zur Messung der abgegebenen Flüssigkeit angeordnet ist und natürlich noch ausreichend Bodenfreiheit des Tankfahrzeugs gewährleistet werden muss.The liquid-carrying lines, in particular the connecting lines between the collector valves of the collector and the bottom valves as well as the discharge line, have a gradient. To improve the stability of the tankers, the center of gravity should be as low as possible. This and other design limitations limit the slope of the lines. Also for this reason, so-called flat bottom valves are installed. Due to the design, these form air bags in the connected lines, since the Bottom valves themselves are lower than the top edge of the connecting lines. As a result, air that enters the connecting lines between the collector valves and the bottom valves can only be vented to a limited extent into the respective tank chamber. It is not possible to lower the collector any further, as there is usually a measuring system for measuring the liquid discharged underneath the collector and, of course, sufficient ground clearance for the tanker must still be ensured.
Bereits bekannt ist das sogenannte "bottom loading" Füllverfahren. Bei diesem Verfahren werden die Tankkammern von unten über die Verbindungsleitungen und die Bodenventile befüllt, typischerweise mit bis zu 2400 l/min. Dennoch dringt bei Anwahl einer Kammer zur Flüssigkeitsabgabe und dem dazugehörigen Öffnen des Kollektor- und Bodenventils Luft in die Verbindungsleitung ein. Dies geschieht regelmäßig trotz Öffnung der üblicherweise vorgesehenen Entlüftungseinrichtung am Kollektor. Ursache ist, dass die Entlüftung zu klein ist, um beim Öffnen des Kollektorventils eine Druckerhöhung im Kollektor zu vermeiden. Diese Druckerhöhung ist ursächlich für ein Eindringen von Luft gegen den Strom in die Verbindungsleitung zwischen Kollektorventil und Bodenventil. Eine dies vermeidende ausreichend große Entlüftung ist unter wirtschaftlichen Gesichtspunkten und Bauraumgründen nicht praktikabel. Ein weiteres Problem sind erhebliche Schwallbewegungen der Flüssigkeit im Kollektor, so dass das Entlüftungsventil zwischenzeitlich geschlossen werden muss, um ein Austreten von Flüssigkeit über das Entlüftungsventil zu vermeiden.The so-called "bottom loading" filling process is already known. With this method, the tank chambers are filled from below via the connecting lines and the bottom valves, typically at up to 2400 l/min. However, if you select a chamber for liquid delivery and the associated opening of the collector and bottom valve, air will get into the connecting line. This happens regularly despite the opening of the venting device usually provided on the collector. The reason is that the ventilation is too small to avoid an increase in pressure in the collector when the collector valve is opened. This increase in pressure is the reason why air penetrates against the flow into the connecting line between the collector valve and the bottom valve. A sufficiently large ventilation to avoid this is not practicable from an economic point of view and for reasons of installation space. Another problem is significant surging movements of the liquid in the collector, so that the vent valve has to be closed in the meantime in order to prevent liquid from escaping through the vent valve.
Eine unzureichende Entlüftung zu Beginn einer Flüssigkeitsabgabe kann bei in dem Rohrleitungssystem üblicherweise vorgesehenen Messanlagen zu einem Abschalten der Messanlage und damit einem Stopp der Flüssigkeitsabgabe führen. Wird die Anlage zur Abgabe von Flüssigkeit zunächst mit begrenzter Leistung angefahren, um dann bei Ausbleiben von Luftblasen auf eine höhere Leistung umzuschalten, werden die oben erwähnten Luftsäcke dann mobilisiert und führen an den entsprechenden Gasblasensensoren zu einem automatischen Abschalten der Anlage. Dies wiederum lässt die mobilisierte Luft aus konstruktionsbedingten Gründen teilweise zurück in die Verbindungsleitung aufsteigen, aus der sie gekommen ist. Eine Ursache kann die Anordnung der Kollektorentlüftungen jeweils am Ende des Kollektors sein. Hinzu kommt der große Querschnitt der Kollektorventile gegenüber der eher kleinen Entlüftungsquerschnitte. Dieser Vorgang kann sich mehrfach wiederholen. Damit ist ein erheblicher Zeitverlust verbunden. Außerdem führt dies zu Messungenauigkeiten aufgrund eines Nachlaufs von Messeinrichtungen.Insufficient venting at the beginning of a liquid delivery can lead to the measurement system being switched off in the pipeline system usually provided and thus to a stop of the liquid delivery. If the system for dispensing liquid is initially started up with limited power and then switches to a higher power when there are no air bubbles, the above-mentioned air sacs are then mobilized and lead to an automatic shutdown of the system at the corresponding gas bubble sensors. This, in turn, allows some of the mobilized air to rise back up the connecting duct from which it came, for design reasons. One reason may be the arrangement of the collector vents at the end of the collector. Added to this is the large cross-section of the collector valves compared to the rather small ventilation cross-sections. This process can be repeated several times. This involves a considerable loss of time. In addition, this leads to measurement inaccuracies due to a lag of measuring devices.
Ausgehend von dem erläuterten Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Anlage und ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art bereitzustellen, mit denen die Abgabe von Flüssigkeit in einfacher und zuverlässiger Weise gerade zu Beginn der Flüssigkeitsabgabe bei hoher Messgenauigkeit beschleunigt werden kann.Proceeding from the explained prior art, the object of the invention is to provide a system and a method of the type mentioned at the outset with which the dispensing of liquid can be accelerated in a simple and reliable manner, especially at the beginning of the liquid dispensing, with high measurement accuracy.
Die Erfindung löst die Aufgabe durch die Gegenstände der unabhängigen Ansprüche 1 und 12. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen finden sich in den abhängigen Ansprüchen, der Beschreibung und den Figuren.The invention solves the problem by the subject matter of
Für eine Anlage der eingangs genannten Art löst die Erfindung die Aufgabe dadurch, dass durch die Kollektorventile mindestens zwei unterschiedlich große Strömungsquerschnitte freigegeben werden können, und dass eine Steuereinrichtung vorgesehen ist, die zur Abgabe von Flüssigkeit aus einer Kammer das mit dem Bodenventil dieser Kammer verbundene Kollektorventil zunächst mit einem kleineren Strömungsquerschnitt öffnet, und die das Kollektorventil anschließend mit einem größeren Strömungsquerschnitt öffnet.For a system of the type mentioned at the outset, the invention solves the problem in that at least two flow cross sections of different sizes can be released through the collector valves, and that a control device is provided which, for dispensing liquid from a chamber, uses the collector valve connected to the bottom valve of this chamber first opens with a smaller flow cross section, and then opens the collector valve with a larger flow cross section.
Für ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art löst die Erfindung die Aufgabe dadurch, dass zur Abgabe von Flüssigkeit aus einer Kammer das dem Bodenventil dieser Kammer zugeordnete Kollektorventil zunächst mit einem kleineren Strömungsquerschnitt geöffnet wird, und dass das Kollektorventil anschließend mit einem größeren Strömungsquerschnitt geöffnet wird.For a method of the type mentioned at the outset, the invention solves the problem in that, in order to dispense liquid from a chamber, the collector valve assigned to the bottom valve of this chamber is first opened with a smaller flow cross section, and that the collector valve is then opened with a larger flow cross section.
Der Kollektor weist mehrere dem Kollektor vorgeschaltete und jeweils einer Verbindungsleitung zu einem der Bodenventile zugeordnete Kollektorventile auf. Bei einer Flüssigkeitsabgabe aus einer Kammer des Tankwagens wird neben dem zugeordneten Bodenventil auch das mit diesem Bodenventil über die Verbindungsleitung jeweils verbundene Kollektorventil geöffnet, so dass die Flüssigkeit über die Verbindungsleitung zunächst in den Kollektor und aus diesem in die gemeinsame Abgabeleitung fließen kann. Die Entgasungseinrichtung ist dazu vorgesehen, das dabei verdrängte Gas, insbesondere Luft, in die Atmosphäre oder ein Gasrückführsystem abzuführen. Aus den oben erläuterten Gründen erfolgt dies im Stand der Technik nicht in zufriedenstellender Weise.The collector has a plurality of collector valves connected upstream of the collector and each associated with a connecting line to one of the bottom valves. When liquid is discharged from a chamber of the tanker, not only the associated bottom valve but also the collector valve connected to this bottom valve via the connecting line is opened, so that the liquid can flow via the connecting line first into the collector and from there into the common discharge line. The degassing device is provided for the purpose of discharging the gas, in particular air, displaced in the process into the atmosphere or into a gas recirculation system. For the reasons explained above, this is not done satisfactorily in the prior art.
Der Erfindung liegt nun der Gedanke zugrunde, die Kollektorventilquerschnitte zu Beginn der Flüssigkeitsabgabe und der hiermit verbundenen Befüllung des Kollektors an die konstruktionsbedingt beschränkte Entgasung des Kollektors anzupassen. So wird verhindert, dass Gas, insbesondere Luft, aus dem noch nicht oder noch nicht vollständig mit Flüssigkeit befüllten Kollektor statt über die Entgasungseinrichtung in das Gasrückführsystem in die Verbindungsleitung zum Bodenventil entweichen kann. Wie erwähnt, ist die im Stand der Technik getroffene Annahme, dass diese Luft über die Kammer des Tankwagens vollständig entweicht, konstruktionsbedingt irrtümlich.The invention is now based on the idea of adapting the collector valve cross sections at the beginning of the liquid delivery and the associated filling of the collector to the design-related limited degassing of the collector. This prevents gas, in particular air, from escaping from the collector that is not yet or not completely filled with liquid into the gas recirculation system into the connection line to the bottom valve instead of via the degassing device. As mentioned, the assumption made in the prior art that this air escapes completely via the chamber of the tanker is erroneous due to the design.
Indem zu Beginn der Abgabe von Flüssigkeit aus einer Kammer und dem damit verbundenen Füllen des Kollektors mit Flüssigkeit zunächst durch Einstellen einer Drosselstellung nur ein verhältnismäßig kleiner Strömungsquerschnitt des Kollektorventils geöffnet wird, kann die begrenzte Entgasungsleistung der Entgasungseinrichtung des Kollektors berücksichtigt werden. Insbesondere kann das Auftreten eines Überdrucks im Kollektor und ein damit verbundenes Eindringen von Gas, insbesondere Luft, in die Verbindungsleitung zwischen Kollektorventil und Bodenventil vermieden werden. Nachdem der Kollektor ausreichend mit Flüssigkeit befüllt ist, so dass ein schädlicher Überdruck und ein Eindringen von Gas in die Verbindungsleitung zwischen Kollektorventil und Bodenventil nicht mehr zu befürchten steht, wird das Kollektorventil aus der Drosselstellung in eine insbesondere vollständig geöffnete Stellung verstellt, in der es einen größeren, insbesondere den maximalen Strömungsquerschnitt zur Abgabeleitung bereitstellt.At the beginning of the discharge of liquid from a chamber and the associated filling of the collector with liquid, first by setting a Throttle position only a relatively small flow cross section of the collector valve is opened, the limited degassing performance of the degassing device of the collector can be taken into account. In particular, the occurrence of an overpressure in the collector and the associated penetration of gas, in particular air, into the connecting line between the collector valve and the bottom valve can be avoided. After the collector has been sufficiently filled with liquid so that there is no longer any risk of damaging overpressure or the ingress of gas into the connecting line between the collector valve and the bottom valve, the collector valve is moved from the throttle position to a fully open position in particular, in which there is a larger, in particular the maximum flow cross-section to the delivery line.
Es hat sich gezeigt, dass die notwendige Drosselung des Kollektorventils verhältnismäßig begrenzt ist, so dass dem hiermit verbundenen verhältnismäßig geringen Zeitverlust ein sehr viel größerer Zeitgewinn bei der Abgabe von Flüssigkeit ohne Anfahrunterbrechungen und schneller Umschaltung in die vollständig geöffnete Stellung des Kollektorventils gegenübersteht. Insgesamt erfolgt die Flüssigkeitsabgabe daher im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik insbesondere zu Beginn der Abgabe wesentlich schneller. Besonders vorteilhaft wirkt sich dies bei einer Schwerkraftabgabe aus. So führt die im Stand der Technik erforderliche Entlüftung zu Beginn der Flüssigkeitsabgabe zu mehreren Unterbrechungen der Abgabe, um jeweils die bis zur Unterbrechung akkumulierte Luft vor oder in der Messeinrichtung abzuscheiden. Dies ist insbesondere bei einer Schwerkraftabgabe nachteilig, da das System bei dieser Abgabeart nach jedem Wiederstart nach einer Unterbrechung auf die volle Abgabegeschwindigkeit anlaufen muss.It has been shown that the necessary throttling of the collector valve is relatively limited, so that the relatively small loss of time associated with this is offset by a much greater time gain in dispensing liquid without start-up interruptions and rapid switching to the completely open position of the collector valve. Overall, the liquid is therefore dispensed much more quickly than in the prior art, particularly at the beginning of the dispensing. This has a particularly advantageous effect in the case of a gravity delivery. Thus, the venting required in the prior art at the beginning of the liquid delivery leads to several interruptions in the delivery in order to separate the air that has accumulated up to the interruption in front of or in the measuring device. This is particularly disadvantageous in the case of gravity delivery, since with this type of delivery the system has to run up to the full delivery speed after each restart after an interruption.
Darüber hinaus wird erfindungsgemäß die Genauigkeit einer Messeinrichtung zum Messen des abgegebenen Flüssigkeitsvolumens erhöht, da jede im Stand der Technik erfolgende und erfindungsgemäß vermiedene Messunterbrechung im Zuge des Beginns der Flüssigkeitsabgabe zu einem Anlauffehler durch die nötige Beschleunigung der beweglichen Teile sowie einem Nachlaufen der Messeinrichtung, beispielsweise eines Turbinenzählers, und einer hiermit verbundenen Ungenauigkeit führt.In addition, the accuracy of a measuring device for measuring the volume of liquid dispensed is increased according to the invention, since each interruption in measurement that occurs in the prior art and is avoided according to the invention in the course of the beginning of liquid delivery leads to a start-up error due to the necessary acceleration of the moving parts and a lag of the measuring device, for example a turbine meter, and an associated inaccuracy.
Die Kollektorventile können jeweils mindestens zweistufig ausgebildet sein. Selbstverständlich können die Kollektorventile auch dazu ausgebildet sein, mehr als zwei unterschiedlich große Strömungsquerschnitte freizugeben. Auch eine stufenlose Einstellung der Strömungsquerschnitte ist denkbar. Die Steuereinrichtung kann insbesondere eine elektronische Steuereinrichtung sein.The collector valves can each be designed in at least two stages. Of course, the collector valves can also be designed to release more than two flow cross sections of different sizes. A stepless adjustment of the flow cross sections is also conceivable. The control device can in particular be an electronic control device.
Die Erfindung ist in besonderer Weise geeignet für Anlagen, wie aus
Erfindungsgemäß öffnet die Steuereinrichtung das Kollektorventil bei einer vollständig erfolgten Entgasung des Kollektors über die Entgasungseinrichtung mit dem größeren Strömungsquerschnitt. Wie erläutert, kann es sich bei der Entgasungseinrichtung insbesondere um eine Entlüftungseinrichtung zum Entlüften des Kollektors handeln. Die Entgasungseinrichtung kann einen Entgasungsdetektor aufweisen, der eine vollständig erfolgte Entgasung des
Kollektors über die Entgasungseinrichtung detektiert, wobei der Entgasungsdetektor mit der Steuereinrichtung verbunden ist. Die Steuereinrichtung kann das Kollektorventil nach Erhalt eines Signals des Entgasungsdetektors über die vollständig erfolgte Entgasung des Kollektors mit dem größeren Strömungsquerschnitt öffnen. Die Ansteuerung des Kollektorventils, insbesondere der Drosselstellung, kann somit in besonders einfacher Weise parallel zur Entgasungseinrichtung erfolgen. Der Entgasungsdetektor kann beispielsweise eine vollständige Befüllung des Kollektors mit Flüssigkeit detektieren und eine vollständige Öffnung des Kollektorventils veranlassen.According to the invention, the control device opens the collector valve when the collector has been completely degassed via the degassing device with the larger flow cross section. As explained, the degassing device can in particular be a venting device for venting the collector. the Degassing device can have a degassing detector that indicates that the degassing of the
Collector detected via the degassing device, wherein the degassing detector is connected to the control device. The control device can open the collector valve after receiving a signal from the degassing detector that the collector with the larger flow cross-section has been completely degassed. The control of the collector valve, in particular the throttle position, can thus take place in a particularly simple manner parallel to the degassing device. The degassing detector can, for example, detect that the collector is completely filled with liquid and cause the collector valve to open completely.
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Steuereinrichtung das Kollektorventil nach Ablauf einer vorgegebenen Öffnungszeit, nachdem das Kollektorventil mit dem kleineren Strömungsquerschnitt geöffnet wurde, mit dem größeren Strömungsquerschnitt öffnet. Es wird bei dieser Ausgestaltung also eine Zeitdauer festgelegt, während der das Kollektorventil in der den kleineren Strömungsquerschnitt freigebenden Drosselstellung verbleibt. Nach Ablauf dieser Zeitdauer wird das Kollektorventil zum Öffnen des größeren Strömungsquerschnitts angesteuert. Aufgrund der bekannten Dimension der Anlage, insbesondere der Volumina der Leitungen und des Kollektors, können die Füllzeiten mit Flüssigkeit zu Beginn einer Flüssigkeitsabgabe zuverlässig vorab ermittelt werden. Somit ist es möglich, eine Zeit zu ermitteln, die bis zu einer ausreichenden bzw. vollständigen Befüllung des Kollektors, also einer ausreichenden bzw. vollständigen Entgasung, vergeht. Diese Zeitdauer kann dann für das Öffnen des Kollektorventils mit dem kleineren Strömungsquerschnitt vorgegeben werden.According to a further embodiment, it can be provided that the control device opens the collector valve with the larger flow cross section after a predetermined opening time has elapsed after the collector valve with the smaller flow cross section was opened. In this configuration, a period of time is thus defined during which the collector valve remains in the throttle position releasing the smaller flow cross section. After this time has elapsed, the collector valve is actuated to open the larger flow cross section. Due to the known dimensions of the system, in particular the volumes of the lines and the collector, the filling times with liquid at the beginning of a liquid delivery can be reliably determined in advance. It is thus possible to determine a time that elapses before the collector is sufficiently or completely filled, that is to say until there is sufficient or complete degassing. This period of time can then be specified for the opening of the collector valve with the smaller flow cross section.
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Kollektorventile jeweils einen in einer Axialrichtung bewegbaren Ventilkolben aufweisen, wobei die Ventilkolben zwischen einer den Zugang zum Kollektor verschließenden Schließposition, in der die Ventilkolben jeweils dicht an einem Ventilsitz anliegen, und mindestens zwei unterschiedlich weit von dem Ventilsitz abgehobenen Öffnungspositionen verstellbar sind, in denen das Kollektorventil unterschiedlich große Strömungsquerschnitte zu dem Kollektor freigibt. Mehrstufige Ventile sind an sich in verschiedenen Ausgestaltungen bekannt. Grundsätzlich kann erfindungsgemäß jedes diesbezüglich geeignete Ventil eingesetzt werden. Bei der vorstehend erläuterten Ausgestaltung handelt es sich um eine praxisgemäße Variante. Die erste Öffnungsposition, die einer Drosselstellung des Kollektorventils entspricht, ist dabei insbesondere näher zum Ventilsitz bzw. weniger weit vom Ventilsitz abgehoben als die zweite Öffnungsposition, bei der es sich insbesondere um die vollständig geöffnete Stellung des Kollektorventils handelt. Der Kolben des jeweiligen Kollektorventils kann zum Beispiel pneumatisch, hydraulisch oder in anderer geeigneter Weise angesteuert werden. Dies ist an sich bekannt.According to a further embodiment, it can be provided that the collector valves each have a valve piston that can be moved in an axial direction, the valve pistons being able to move between a closed position that closes access to the collector and in which the valve pistons each lie tightly against a valve seat and at least two opening positions that are lifted off the valve seat by different distances can be adjusted, in which the collector valve releases flow cross sections of different sizes to the collector. Multi-stage valves are known per se in various configurations. In principle, any valve suitable in this respect can be used according to the invention. The configuration explained above is a practical variant. The first open position, which corresponds to a throttle position of the collector valve, is in particular closer to the valve seat or less far from the valve seat than the second open position, which is in particular the fully open position of the collector valve. The piston of the respective collector valve can, for example, be activated pneumatically, hydraulically or in some other suitable manner. This is known per se.
Die Ventilkolben können jeweils an einem Ende einer Kolbenstange gehalten sein, an deren anderem Ende jeweils ein in einem Steuerraum geführter Steuerkolben angeordnet ist. Die Kolbenstangen können jeweils in einer Ringdichtung, beispielsweise einer in einer Aufnahme einer Bohrung angeordneten O-Ringdichtung, axial beweglich geführt sein. In den Kolbenstangen kann jeweils ein die Ringdichtung zumindest in der Schließstellung überbrückender Steuerschlitz ausgebildet sein, wobei die Steuerschlitze in der Schließposition und bis zum Erreichen der ersten von dem Ventilsitz abgehobenen Öffnungsposition mit einer ersten Steuerleitung verbunden sind, über die, angesteuert von der Steuereinrichtung, ein Druckfluid, beispielsweise Druckluft, durch die Steuerschlitze in den jeweiligen Steuerraum eingeleitet werden kann, um den jeweiligen Steuerkolben und über die jeweilige Kolbenstange den jeweiligen Ventilkolben in die erste von dem Ventilsitz abgehobene Öffnungsposition zu verstellen. Die Steuerschlitze können jeweils an dem dem Steuerkolben zugewandten Ende der Kolbenstange ausgebildet sein und sich jeweils bis zu dem Steuerkolben erstrecken. Die erste Steuerleitung mündet jeweils auf der dem Steuerraum abgewandten Seite der Ringdichtung in eine die Kolbenstange jeweils führende Führungsbohrung. In der Schließstellung der Kollektorventile können die Steuerkolben jeweils auf einem Steuerventilsitz aufsitzen. In der Schließstellung befinden sich die Steuerschlitze jeweils in einer Position, in der sie die Ringdichtung überbrücken. Gleichzeitig steht die erste Steuerleitung in Verbindung mit dem jeweiligen Steuerschlitz. Über die erste Steuerleitung eingeleitetes Druckfluid kann also über die Steuerschlitze an der Ringdichtung vorbei in den Steuerraum fließen und damit den Steuerkolben von einem Steuerventilsitz abheben. In der ersten von dem Ventilsitz abgehobenen Öffnungsposition ist der Steuerschlitz an der Ringdichtung vorbeibewegt, überbrückt diese also nicht mehr. Die Ringdichtung trennt nun die erste Steuerleitung von dem Steuerschlitz. Ein weiteres Öffnen des Ventils über die erste Steuerleitung ist also nicht mehr möglich. Es erfolgt auf diese Weise in besonders einfacher Weise eine präzise Definition der ersten Öffnungsposition ohne dass eine Positionsmessung bzw. -steuerung erforderlich ist. Vielmehr regeln sich die Kollektorventile selbst auf die erste Öffnungsposition. Auch ein etwaiger Druckabfall in dem Steuerraum wird automatisch korrigiert, da bei einem Zurückbewegen des Steuerkolbens und der Kolbenstange der Steuerschlitz wieder die Ringdichtung überbrückt, so dass über die erste Steuerleitung wieder Druck auf den Steuerkolben ausgeübt wird bis zum (erneuten) Erreichen der ersten Öffnungsposition.The valve pistons can each be held at one end of a piston rod, at the other end of which a control piston guided in a control chamber is arranged. The piston rods can each be guided in an axially movable manner in a ring seal, for example an O-ring seal arranged in a receptacle in a bore. A control slot that bridges the ring seal at least in the closed position can be formed in each of the piston rods, with the control slots being connected to a first control line in the closed position and until the first open position lifted from the valve seat is reached, via which, controlled by the control device, a Pressure fluid, for example compressed air, can be introduced through the control slots into the respective control chamber in order to adjust the respective control piston and the respective valve piston via the respective piston rod into the first open position lifted off the valve seat. The control slots can each be formed on the end of the piston rod facing the control piston and can each extend as far as the control piston. The first control line opens out on the side facing away from the control room the ring seal into a guide bore that guides the piston rod. In the closed position of the collector valves, the control pistons can each be seated on a control valve seat. In the closed position, the control slots are each in a position in which they bridge the ring seal. At the same time, the first control line is connected to the respective control slot. Pressure fluid introduced via the first control line can therefore flow past the annular seal into the control chamber via the control slots and thus lift the control piston from a control valve seat. In the first open position lifted from the valve seat, the control slot has moved past the ring seal, ie it no longer bridges it. The ring seal now separates the first control line from the control slot. A further opening of the valve via the first control line is therefore no longer possible. In this way, the first opening position is precisely defined in a particularly simple manner without a position measurement or position control being required. Rather, the collector valves regulate themselves to the first open position. Any drop in pressure in the control chamber is also corrected automatically, since when the control piston and the piston rod are moved back, the control slot bridges the ring seal again, so that pressure is again exerted on the control piston via the first control line until the first open position is reached (again).
Es kann weiter vorgesehen sein, dass der Steuerraum der Kollektorventile jeweils mit einer zweiten Steuerleitung verbunden ist, über die ein Druckfluid, beispielsweise Druckluft, in den jeweiligen Steuerraum eingeleitet werden kann, um den Steuerkolben und über die Kolbenstange den Ventilkolben insbesondere ausgehend von der ersten von dem Ventilsitz abgehobenen Öffnungsposition jeweils in die vollständig von dem Ventilsitz abgehobene (zweite) Öffnungsposition zu verstellen. Es ist dann weiter möglich, dass ein Einleiten von Druckfluid über die zweite Steuerleitung in den Steuerraum der Kollektorventile in der Schließposition und vorzugsweise bis zum Erreichen der ersten von dem Ventilsitz abgehobenen Öffnungsposition nicht möglich ist. Auf diese Weise wird ein Ansteuern der Kollektorventile zum Erreichen der vollständig geöffneten Öffnungsposition nur ermöglicht, wenn sich die Kollektorventile, angesteuert über die erste Steuerleitung, auf dem Weg in ihre oder bevorzugt bereits in der ersten Öffnungsposition befinden. Dies wiederum vereinfacht den Aufbau der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage weiter. So kann über die Steuereinrichtung Druck auf alle zweiten Steuerleitungen der Kollektorventile gegeben werden. Es werden dennoch nur das oder die Kollektorventile in die vollständig geöffnete Öffnungsposition verstellt, die zuvor bereits in die erste Öffnungsposition verstellt wurden. Nach einer diesbezüglichen weiteren Ausgestaltung kann vorgesehen sein, dass den zweiten Druckleitungen jeweils ein pneumatisches Steuerventil zugeordnet ist, welches in eine geschlossene Stellung vorgespannt ist, in der es ein Einleiten von Druckfluid über die zweite Steuerleitung in den Steuerraum der Kollektorventile jeweils nicht zulässt, und welches durch über die ersten Druckleitungen jeweils eingeleitetes Druckfluid, insbesondere einen damit verbundenen Druckaufbau, in eine geöffnete Stellung gebracht wird, in der es ein Einleiten von Druckfluid über die zweite Steuerleitung in den Steuerraum der Kollektorventile jeweils zulässt. Dadurch kann auf aufwendige einzelne Magnetventile für die Kollektorventile verzichtet werden, die anderenfalls die Ansteuerung zum Anfahren der vollständig geöffneten Öffnungsposition auf bestimmte Kollektorventile begrenzen. Es ist vielmehr nur noch ein Magnetventil für sämtliche Kollektorventile erforderlich, das für alle Kollektorventile gemeinsam das Einstellen von Druck auf die zweite Steuerleitung zulässt.Provision can also be made for the control chamber of the collector valves to be connected to a second control line, via which a pressurized fluid, for example compressed air, can be introduced into the respective control chamber in order to move the control piston and, via the piston rod, the valve piston, in particular starting from the first of to adjust the valve seat lifted open position in each case in the fully lifted from the valve seat (second) open position. It is then further possible for pressurized fluid to be introduced via the second control line into the control chamber of the collector valves in the closed position and preferably is not possible until the first open position lifted from the valve seat is reached. In this way, the collector valves can only be actuated to reach the fully open position if the collector valves, actuated via the first control line, are on the way to their or preferably already in the first open position. This in turn further simplifies the structure of the system according to the invention. In this way, pressure can be applied to all second control lines of the collector valves via the control device. However, only the one or more collector valves that have previously been moved to the first open position are moved to the fully open position. According to a further configuration in this regard, provision can be made for each of the second pressure lines to be assigned a pneumatic control valve, which is preloaded into a closed position in which it does not permit pressurized fluid to be introduced via the second control line into the control chamber of the collector valves, and which is brought into an open position by pressure fluid introduced via the first pressure lines, in particular an associated pressure build-up, in which it allows pressure fluid to be introduced via the second control line into the control chamber of the collector valves. As a result, expensive individual solenoid valves for the collector valves can be dispensed with, which would otherwise limit the actuation for moving to the fully open opening position on certain collector valves. Instead, only one solenoid valve is required for all collector valves, which allows the setting of pressure on the second control line for all collector valves together.
Die Entgasungseinrichtung kann mindestens eine mit dem Kollektor verbundene Entgasungsleitung umfassen. Die Entgasungsleitung kann insbesondere offen zur Atmosphäre oder verbunden mit einem Gasrückführsystem sein.The degassing device can comprise at least one degassing line connected to the collector. The degassing line can in particular be open to the atmosphere or connected to a gas recycling system.
In der mindestens einen Abgabeleitung kann weiterhin mindestens ein Gasblasensensor angeordnet sein. Außerdem kann in der mindestens einen Abgabeleitung mindestens ein Volumenzähler angeordnet sein zum Messen der abgegebenen Flüssigkeitsmenge, vorzugsweise ein Turbinenzähler. Wie bereits erläutert, kann die erfindungsgemäße Anlage grundsätzlich ausgestaltet sein wie in
Die Kollektorventile können weiterhin über mindestens eine Befüllleitung mit mindestens einer Befüllkupplung zum Befüllen der Kammern über die Bodenventile verbunden sein. Die Kammern sind dann also zum Befüllen in dem sogenannten bottom loading Verfahren geeignet.The collector valves can also be connected via at least one filling line to at least one filling coupling for filling the chambers via the bottom valves. The chambers are then suitable for filling using the so-called bottom loading method.
Die Erfindung betrifft auch einen Tankwagen umfassend mehrere Kammern mit jeweils mindestens einem Bodenventil und einer erfindungsgemäßen Anlage.The invention also relates to a tanker comprising a plurality of chambers, each with at least one bottom valve and a system according to the invention.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen schematisch:
- Fig. 1
- eine erfindungsgemäße Anlage,
- Fig. 2
- einen bei der in
Fig. 1 gezeigten Anlage verbauten Kollektor mit einem Kollektorventil nach einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel in einer vergrößerten Schnittdarstellung, - Fig. 3
- ein bei der Anlage nach
Fig. 1 einsetzbares Kollektorventil nach einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel in einer Schnittdarstellung, - Fig. 4
- einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt des in
Fig. 3 gezeigten Kollektorventils in einem ersten Betriebszustand, - Fig. 5
- den Ausschnitt aus
Fig. 4 in einem zweiten Betriebszustand, und - Fig. 6
- den Ausschnitt aus
Fig. 4 in einem dritten Betriebszustand.
- 1
- a plant according to the invention,
- 2
- one at the in
1 shown system built collector with a collector valve according to a first embodiment in an enlarged sectional view, - 3
- one at the plant after
1 usable collector valve according to a second embodiment in a sectional view, - 4
- an enlarged section of the in
3 shown collector valve in a first operating state, - figure 5
- the cutout
4 in a second operating condition, and - 6
- the cutout
4 in a third operating state.
Soweit nichts anderes angegeben ist, bezeichnen in den Figuren gleiche Bezugszeichen gleiche Gegenstände.Unless otherwise stated, the same reference symbols designate the same objects in the figures.
In
Das Kollektorventil 30 des Kollektors 36 ist beispielhaft in vergrößerter Darstellung in
Soll beispielsweise bei vollständig entleerter Abgabeleitung 38, vollständig entleertem Kollektor 36 und vollständig entleerter Verbindungsleitung 24 eine Flüssigkeitsabgabe aus der Kammer 10 erfolgen, wird von der Steuereinrichtung 48 gesteuert das Bodenventil 12 geöffnet und der Kolben 52 des Kollektorventils 30 in die in
Beispielsweise nach Ablauf einer vorgegebenen Zeitdauer wird der Kolben 52 wiederum gesteuert durch die Steuereinrichtung 48 durch die Betätigungseinrichtung 54 in die in
Die bei der Flüssigkeitsabgabe abgegebene Menge wird mit dem Volumenzähler 42 gemessen und durch die Steuereinrichtung 48 registriert. Soll die Flüssigkeitsabgabe gedrosselt oder gestoppt werden, beispielsweise weil die gewünschte Menge abgegeben wurde oder sich der Pegel in dem Tank 10 einem Minimalwert nähert, wird das Abgabeventil 44 durch die Steuereinrichtung 48 auf einen geringeren Strömungsquerschnitt oder vollständig abgeschaltet.The amount dispensed when the liquid is dispensed is measured with the
Anhand der
Anhand der vergrößerten Darstellungen der
Anschließend kann über einen in
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Betätigung der Kollektorventile 30, 30', 32, 34 wird einerseits eine schnelle Flüssigkeitsabgabe insbesondere zu Beginn der Flüssigkeitsabgabe erreicht, da es nicht zu Unterbrechungen aufgrund von Lufteinschlüssen kommt. Gleichzeitig wird die Messgenauigkeit erhöht, da zu Messungenauigkeiten führende Unterbrechungen vermieden werden.By actuating the
Claims (15)
- A system for dispensing liquid from a tanker having multiple chambers (12, 14, 16), each with at least one bottom valve (18, 20, 22), wherein the bottom valves (18, 20, 22) are each connected via a connecting line (24, 26, 28) and, in each case, a collector valve (30, 30', 32, 34) to a collector (36), wherein the collector (36) is connected via at least one dispensing line (38) to at least one dispensing valve (44), and wherein the collector (36) furthermore has a degassing apparatus, characterized in that at least two flow cross-sections of different sizes can be released by the collector valves (30, 30', 32, 34), and a control apparatus (48) is provided, which in order to dispense liquid from a chamber (12, 14, 16), initially opens the collector valve (30, 30', 32, 34) which is connected to the bottom valve (18, 20, 22) of said chamber (12, 14, 16) with a smaller flow cross-section, and which subsequently opens the collector valve (30, 30', 32, 34) with a larger flow cross-section, wherein the control apparatus (48) opens the collector valve (30, 30', 32, 34) with the larger flow cross-section when the collector (36) has been completely degassed via the degassing apparatus.
- The system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the degassing apparatus has a degassing detector which detects complete degassing of the collector (36) via the degassing apparatus, wherein the degassing detector is connected to the control apparatus (48), and the control apparatus (48) opens the collector valve (30, 30', 32, 34) with the larger flow cross-section after receiving a signal from the degassing detector regarding the complete degassing of the collector (36).
- The system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the control apparatus (48) opens the collector valve (30, 30', 32, 34) with the larger flow cross-section at the end of a predefined opening time after the collector valve (30, 30', 32, 34) has been opened with the smaller flow cross-section.
- The system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the collector valves (30, 30', 32, 34) each have a valve piston (52, 52') which can move in an axial direction, wherein the valve pistons (52, 52') are axially adjustable between a closed position which seals access to the collector (36), in which the valve pistons (52, 52') each lie tightly against a valve seat (58, 58'), and at least two open positions (60, 62) which are lifted off of the valve seat (58, 58') to different extents, in which the collector valve (30, 30', 32, 34) releases flow cross-sections of different sizes to the collector (36).
- The system according to Claim 4, characterized in that the valve pistons (52') are each held at an end of a piston rod (56'), at the other end of which a control piston (66') guided in a control chamber (68') is in each case arranged.
- The system according to Claim 5, characterized in that the piston rods (56') are each guided in an axially movable manner in a ring seal (72'), wherein a control slot (74') bridging the ring seal (72'), at least in the closed position, is in each case configured on the piston rods (56'), wherein the control slots (74') are each connected to a first control line (77') in the closed position and until a first open position lifted off of the valve seat (58') is reached, via which a pressure fluid can be introduced through the control slots (74') into the respective control chamber (68') in order to, in each case, adjust the control piston (66') and, therefore, the valve piston (52') via the valve rod (56') into the first open position lifted off of the valve seat (58'), and wherein the control slot (74'), in the first open position lifted off of the valve seat (58'), is moved past the ring seal (72') such that the ring seal (72') separates the first control line (77') from the control slot (74').
- The system according to Claim 6, characterized in that the control chamber (68') of the collector valves (30') is in each case connected to a second control line (79') via which a pressure fluid can be introduced into the respective control chamber (68') in order to adjust the control piston (66'), and the valve piston (52') via the piston rod (56'), in each case into the open position lifted completely off of the valve seat (58').
- The system according to Claim 7, characterized in that it is not possible to introduce pressure fluid via the second control line (79') into the control chamber (68') of the collector valves (30') in the closed position.
- The system according to Claim 8, characterized in that a pneumatic control valve is assigned to each of the second pressure lines (79'), which valve is pretensioned in a closed position in which it prevents, in each case, pressure fluid from being introduced via the second control line (79') into the control chamber (68') of the collector valves (30'), and which is brought into an open position by pressure fluid introduced, in each case, via the first pressure lines (77'), in which open position it allows, in each case, pressure fluid to be introduced via the second control line (79') into the control chamber (68') of the collector valves (30').
- The system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the degassing apparatus comprises at least one degassing line (41) connected to the collector (36) and/or at least one gas bubble sensor is arranged in the at least one dispensing line (38) and/or at least one volume meter (42), preferably a turbine meter, is arranged in the at least one dispensing line (38), and/or the collector valves (30, 30', 32, 34) are, furthermore, connected via at least one filling line to at least one filling coupling (50) in order to fill the chambers (12, 14, 16) via the bottom valves (18, 20, 22).
- A tanker comprising multiple chambers (12, 14, 16), each with at least one bottom valve (18, 20, 22) and comprising a system according to any one of the preceding claims.
- A method for dispensing liquid from a tanker having multiple chambers (12, 14, 16), each with at least one bottom valve (18, 20, 22), by using a system according to any one of Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that in order to dispense liquid from a chamber (12, 14, 16), the collector valve (30, 30', 32, 34) assigned to the bottom valve (18, 20, 22) of said chamber (12, 14, 16) is initially opened with a smaller flow cross-section, and the collector valve (30, 30', 32, 34) is subsequently opened with a larger flow cross-section, wherein the collector valve (30, 30', 32, 34) is opened with the larger flow cross-section when the collector (36) has been completely degassed via the degassing apparatus.
- The method according to Claim 12, characterized in that the collector valve (30, 30', 32, 34) is opened with the larger flow cross-section after receiving a signal from a degassing detector regarding the complete degassing of the collector (36).
- The method according to Claim 12, characterized in that the collector valve (30, 30', 32, 34) is opened with the larger flow cross-section at the end of a predefined opening time after the collector valve (30, 30', 32, 34) has been opened with the smaller flow cross-section.
- The method according to any one of Claims 12 to 14, characterized in that a valve piston (52) of the collector valve (30, 30', 32, 34) is initially adjusted from an axial position which seals access to the collector (36), in which the valve piston (52) lies tightly against a valve seat (58), into a first axial position (60) lifted off of the valve seat (58), in which the collector valve (30, 30', 32, 34) releases a smaller flow cross-section to the collector (36), and is subsequently adjusted into a second axial position (62) lifted off of the valve seat (58), in which the collector valve (30, 30', 32, 34) releases a larger flow cross-section to the collector (36).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016109436.6A DE102016109436B4 (en) | 2016-05-23 | 2016-05-23 | Installation and method for dispensing liquid from a tank truck |
PCT/EP2017/061018 WO2017202601A1 (en) | 2016-05-23 | 2017-05-09 | System and method for dispensing liquid from a tanker |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3464165A1 EP3464165A1 (en) | 2019-04-10 |
EP3464165B1 true EP3464165B1 (en) | 2023-01-11 |
Family
ID=58699118
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17722744.4A Active EP3464165B1 (en) | 2016-05-23 | 2017-05-09 | System and method for dispensing liquid from a tanker |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3464165B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2017268877A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA3025412A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102016109436B4 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2017202601A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2496075A1 (en) * | 1980-12-12 | 1982-06-18 | Satam Ind | Tanker vehicle unloading feed - has main control valve attached to membrane forming partition between flow and degasification chambers |
DE19733715C1 (en) | 1997-08-04 | 1998-09-24 | Haar Maschbau Alfons | Method of discharging fluid from multiple chamber tanker vehicle |
DE20203120U1 (en) | 2002-02-27 | 2003-07-03 | Alfons Haar Maschinenbau Gmbh & Co, 22547 Hamburg | Collection device for filling and emptying compartments in tanker truck, has collection channel formed by extruded profile |
GB0312349D0 (en) | 2003-05-30 | 2003-07-02 | Syltone Plc | Fluid delivery apparatus |
DE102008035349B4 (en) | 2008-07-29 | 2018-04-05 | Saeta Gmbh & Co. Kg | Plant and method for dispensing liquid from a multiple tank tanker by gravity |
DE202009012992U1 (en) | 2009-09-21 | 2010-04-08 | Saeta Gmbh & Co. Kg | Device for dispensing liquid media from individual chambers of a tanker truck |
DE102010050576B4 (en) | 2010-11-05 | 2017-11-09 | ROHR Spezialfahrzeuge GmbH | A collection unit for dispensing liquids from at least one tank and tanker |
-
2016
- 2016-05-23 DE DE102016109436.6A patent/DE102016109436B4/en active Active
-
2017
- 2017-05-09 CA CA3025412A patent/CA3025412A1/en active Pending
- 2017-05-09 AU AU2017268877A patent/AU2017268877A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2017-05-09 WO PCT/EP2017/061018 patent/WO2017202601A1/en unknown
- 2017-05-09 EP EP17722744.4A patent/EP3464165B1/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2017268877A1 (en) | 2019-01-24 |
CA3025412A1 (en) | 2017-11-30 |
EP3464165A1 (en) | 2019-04-10 |
DE102016109436A1 (en) | 2017-11-23 |
WO2017202601A1 (en) | 2017-11-30 |
DE102016109436B4 (en) | 2023-03-23 |
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