EP3458869A1 - Dispositif et procédé de localisation d'objets - Google Patents
Dispositif et procédé de localisation d'objetsInfo
- Publication number
- EP3458869A1 EP3458869A1 EP17717795.3A EP17717795A EP3458869A1 EP 3458869 A1 EP3458869 A1 EP 3458869A1 EP 17717795 A EP17717795 A EP 17717795A EP 3458869 A1 EP3458869 A1 EP 3458869A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- beacon
- infrared
- objects
- beacons
- wireless communication
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/0009—Transmission of position information to remote stations
- G01S5/0018—Transmission from mobile station to base station
- G01S5/0027—Transmission from mobile station to base station of actual mobile position, i.e. position determined on mobile
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S1/00—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
- G01S1/70—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S1/703—Details
- G01S1/7032—Transmitters
- G01S1/7034—Mounting or deployment thereof
- G01S1/7036—Collocated with electrical equipment other than beacons
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/08—Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading or distribution; Inventory or stock management
- G06Q10/087—Inventory or stock management, e.g. order filling, procurement or balancing against orders
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters
- G01S2201/01—Indexing scheme relating to beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters adapted for specific applications or environments
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device and a method for locating objects.
- the invention more particularly relates to a device and a method for locating mobile objects in a volume or a specific area (building for example).
- the invention may relate in particular to a device comprising a plurality of moving objects, in particular pressurized fluid bottles, each object being provided with a first wireless communication element for transmitting and receiving radiofrequency waves and at least a second wireless communication element receiving infrared signals, the device further comprising at least one communication beacon comprising a first wireless communication member and at least one second wireless communication member transmitting infrared signals, each beacon communication device comprising an electronic clock and being configured to periodically broadcast an infrared signal containing information indicating its location, each object being configured to receive and process said infrared localization signal transmitted by the beacon or beacons via the second communication member, each object also including an electronic clock and being configured to remotely transmit remotely over a radio frequency signal comprising an identification information of the object and a location information received by the one or more tags.
- the invention particularly relates to a device for locating a plurality of moving objects such as pressurized fluid bottles equipped with wireless communication systems.
- Object location devices based on a radio signal are currently a problem of precision when it is necessary to detect the presence of an object in a space defined as a room for example. Either technology seamlessly traverses the partitions, it is difficult or impossible to dispel the doubt about the presence of the object in an adjacent room or room. Other technologies with very high frequency or ultrasound are more precise but pose a problem of cost and consumption.
- the invention relates in particular to a system for locating moving objects, for example gas cylinders, based on the cooperation of a radio link and an infrared link enriched with a synchronization system ensuring a very high low power consumption.
- An object of the present invention is to overcome all or part of the disadvantages of the prior art noted above.
- the device according to the invention is essentially characterized in that the objects and tags are automatically switchable between a standby state and an active state. and configured to periodically synchronize their active states upon transmission / reception of the infrared location signals emitted by the one or more tags to the objects, i.e. the tags (3) and objects (2) synchronize to communicate in an active state and to remain in the standby mode the rest of the time, to save their power consumption.
- the synchronization and therefore the alarm (active mode more electrical consumer than the standby mode) is performed with both the receiver (object) and the infrared transmitter (beacon). This is obtained via a clock broadcast. This also reduces tag consumption.
- the tag (s) 3 emit at a known moment objects which limits the power supply period of infrared reception.
- embodiments of the invention may include one or more of the following features:
- the device comprises a central communication station comprising a first wireless communication element for transmitting and receiving radiofrequency waves, the first communication organs on the one hand objects and / or beacon (s) and on the other hand , the central station being configured to exchange data, including object identification data and location of the latter,
- the objects are configured to switch their second communication element from a standby state to an active state on receipt of infrared signals periodically and in a determined time window
- the beacon or beacons are configured to switch their second infrared communication element from a standby state to an active state periodically and within a determined time window
- the time window has a duration of between 5 milliseconds and a minute and preferably has a duration equal to one second
- the central communication station comprises an electronic clock and is configured to send simultaneously to the objects and / or to the at least one beacon (3) a synchronization signal of the corresponding clocks,
- the synchronization signal of the clocks of the objects and beacons (s) sent by the communication unit is a radiofrequency type signal
- the device comprises several distinct beacons, at least some of the beacons being configured to activate their second wireless communication device non-simultaneously or to broadcast periodically and in turn an infrared signal containing beacon location information,
- the beacons comprises an infrared signal receiver, the synchronization signals of the clocks of the objects and beacon (s) being sent by the communication unit and / or by a reference beacon and is an infrared-type signal,
- the device comprises a reference beacon whose first wireless communication device is provided with a radio frequency receiver, the device comprising at least one other beacon comprising an infrared signal receiver, the reference beacon being configured to receive a synchronization signal from its radio frequency clock and to transmit, in response, an infrared signal for synchronizing the clocks of the other beacons in a manner that that the reference beacon and the other beacons sequentially emit their periodic infrared signal containing location and possibly identification information,
- the beacons are configured to repeat several times the periodic broadcast of the infrared signal containing location information during the determined time window
- the duration of said determined time window during which the second wireless communication element is switched from a standby state to an active state is equal to the time elapsed since the last reception of a synchronization signal, possibly multiplied by a drift factor, for example between 5 ppm and 50 ppm,
- the second infrared-signal wireless communication element of each communication beacon is configured to send modulated signals at a frequency of between 10 KHz and 500 KHz and preferably 32.768 KHz,
- the second wireless communication element with infrared signal transmission of each communication beacon is configured to generate and send a signal comprising a main carrier wave at the determined frequency and modulated digitally via a standard serialization unit in the form of 8 words.
- bits formed of four groups of "manchester" type bits, the tags are N, N being an integer, the reference tag being a first tag called “tag n ° 1", the tags being configured to sequence their respective periodic broadcasts of an infrared signal containing information indicating the location of the beacon, in which a determined duration P (in seconds) is provided between the emission of said signal by two consecutive beacons in that the beacon number "n" , (n being an integer between 2 and N) is configured to activate its first wireless communication member nota its infrared receiver in a period prior to the periodic broadcast of an infrared signal, said period the activation of the signal of the reference beacon, use the instant of reception of this signal to synchronize its clock with the clock of the beacon of reference and to disable its first wireless communication device including its infrared receiver
- the duration of the determined time window during which the second wireless communication element is switched from a standby state to an active state is equal to the elapsed time of the previous window multiplied by the product of the time elapsed since the last receiving a synchronization signal by a drift factor of, for example, between (1 + 5E-6) and (1 + 120E-6).
- the invention also relates to a method for locating objects in a determined volume, using a device comprising a plurality of moving objects, in particular bottles of pressurized fluid, each object being provided with a first wireless communication member to transmission and reception of radiofrequency waves and at least one second infrared signal-receiving wireless communication element, the device further comprising at least one communication beacon comprising a first wireless communication member and at least one second organ wireless communication device with infrared signal transmission, each communication beacon comprising an electronic clock and being configured to periodically broadcast an infrared signal containing information indicating its location, each object being configured to receive and process said location signal transmitted by the or the beacons via the second communication organ, cha that object also comprising an electronic clock and being configured to remotely transmit remotely radio frequency waves an infrared signal comprising an identification information of the object and a location information received by the beacon or tags, the objects and beacons being automatically switchable between a standby state and an active state, the method comprising a step of periodically synchronizing their active states during transmission / reception of
- the invention may also relate to any alternative device or method comprising any combination of the above or below features.
- FIG. 1 represents a schematic and partial view illustrating an exemplary structure and operation of a locating device according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention
- FIGS. 2 to 4 represent schematic and partial views illustrating examples of the structure and operation of elements of the device of FIG. 1, respectively, an object, a beacon and a central communication station,
- FIG. 5 represents a schematic and partial view of a detail of structure and operation of the locating device of FIG. 1, illustrating an example of signal transmission, in particular infrared,
- FIG. 6 represents a schematic and partial view symbolizing an example of synchronization signals of electronic clocks of the localization device
- FIG. 7 represents a schematic and partial view symbolizing a first example of emission of an infrared signal by a beacon of the positioning device with respect to a time window of observation
- FIG. 8 represents a schematic and partial view symbolizing a second example of transmission of a signal by a beacon of the location device with respect to a time window of observation.
- the locating device illustrated in FIG. 1 can be used in a building (for example a hospital or a factory) to locate objects such as communicating bottles of fluid under pressure.
- the device comprises moving objects 2, one or more communication beacons 3 and, preferably, a central communication station 4.
- the objects 2 are equipped with a first wireless communication device 12 for transmitting and receiving radiofrequency waves (transmitter / receiver radio frequency in frequency ranges preferably between 430 MHz and 960 MHz) and a second communication member 22 comprising one or more infrared receivers.
- the mobile object 2 (in particular its electronic communication devices) is powered autonomously from a battery 52 or a rechargeable battery or any other appropriate source of energy.
- the beacons 3 are preferably equipped with a first radiofrequency wireless communication member (radiofrequency transmitter / receiver) and a second wireless communication member 23, namely an infrared emitter.
- the infrared transmitter 23 may consist of one or more infrared LEDs.
- Each tag 3 can also be powered independently from a battery 53, a rechargeable battery or any other suitable system. For example, if the installation allows, each tag 3 can also be powered by a wired electrical network.
- the central station 4 is equipped for example with a first wireless communication member 14 such as a radiofrequency transmitter / receiver.
- the central station 4 is configured to be able to communicate, either directly or by means of relays, with the mobile objects 2 and the beacons 3. As previously, the station 4 is supplied with energy by an independent source or by a network.
- Each beacon 3 is equipped with an internal clock 33 and is configured to broadcast periodically an encoded infrared signal indicating its location (for example a location code uniquely associated with the local area in the building).
- Each mobile object 2 in view (within range of signal) of a beacon 3 receives the infrared signal, decodes it and deduces the value of the location code associated with the beacon in infrared visibility. As illustrated in FIG. 5, the signal can be received directly or via reflection / diffusion on the walls of the room delimiting the volume.
- Each mobile object 2 is also equipped with an internal clock 32. Periodically, each object 2 transmits to the central station 4 a radiofrequency information including its identifier and the location code (received from the tag or tags 3). The central station 4 can then locate the mobile objects 2 on the basis of this information.
- the device is preferably configured as described below.
- the central station 4 synchronizes beacons 3 and mobile objects 2 during a radio transmission concerning it.
- the rate of resynchronization is chosen to ensure the proper operation of the device despite the inevitable slippage of different internal clocks.
- all mobile objects 2 in connection with a reference station 4 activate their infrared receiver 22 only in a predetermined and common observation time window. For example, at the second "zero" of each hour. Outside this time window, the consumption induced by the infrared reception is zero or almost zero (standby mode as opposed to an active mode).
- tags 3 in connection with a reference station 4 transmit their infrared localization code only in the common time window (for example substantially in the middle of this window). Outside this window, the tags 3 also remain in a rest mode (standby) in which only their internal clock 33 is active.
- a particular device can use several tags for the same location, this without risk of interference between tags 3.
- the common time window can be divided into several sub-windows of the same duration (for example 10 windows of 100 milliseconds if the main window is 1 second).
- Each of the tags 3 may have a unique identification code or may share the same location code as the tags present in the same room.
- Each tag is for example assigned a number of "sub-window" of its own.
- the location code transmitted by each beacon 3 and the window number can be introduced very simply during installation, for example by means of a coding wheel, or introduced using the radio link. For reasons of energy consumption, it will be advantageous to use short codes. (for example, and 66bit and in particular between 0 and 15 bit).
- they preferably automatically delete the location code received after a given period (for example 3 times the period of transmission of the locations by the tags 3). .
- the system can be configured to trigger a continuous transmission by the tags 3 of the location code which amounts to making two consecutive time windows.
- the infrared receiver 22 of the mobile object 2 can be activated before each of its radio frequency transmissions. This mode of operation (temporary or not), however, will constantly feed the beacons 3 via for example the power grid.
- the period of transmission of the infrared signal can be chosen arbitrarily (if it is greater than the infrared transmission time of these N tags). But the power consumption will be inversely proportional to this period, which should be chosen wisely to maximize the life of the batteries.
- the main modulation of the infrared signal preferably uses a frequency of a few tens of KHz and ideally 32,768 KHz. This makes it possible to ensure the operation of the transmitter from a very low consumption clock, the frequency of 32.768 KHz being that universally used for clock functions (digital watches, computer).
- the digital signal used to modulate (all or nothing) the infrared subcarrier can be directly produced by a standard serialization unit (" UART ", as found in all usual processors) in form of 8-bit words consisting of 4 groups of "manchester” bits.
- UART standard serialization unit
- the impact is particularly interesting if a modern processor capable of receiving data while the heart is in idle mode is used ("Low Energy UART" Low Energy UART). More precisely, for sending an 8-bit word whose bits are B1 to B8, noting Bx * the inverse bit of Bx, we would have the following transmissions, which satisfy the Manchester criterion:
- the device can be configured to synchronize the emissions of several beacons 3 located in the same room or volume via infrared signals. This reduces the cost and the probability of malfunction (the infrared channel is assumed to be less easily disturbed than the radio channel).
- the device may be configured to compensate for the effects of desynchronization of communicating elements (tag 3 or mobile objects 2) in the event of a temporary malfunction of the radio used for clock synchronization.
- Example of synchronization of emissions via infrared signals In the case where a large room is covered by several tags 3, they must emit clocked (or sequential) to avoid the superposition of infrared signals. Indeed, in case of simultaneous transmission by several tags 3, there may be a data collision and therefore a loss of information.
- the solution described above (synchronization by radio) requires radio equipment of all the tags 3.
- an alternative solution of infrared synchronization is possible In this case or the tags 3 are equipped with a receiver 43 infrared in addition to the infrared transmitter 23.
- Such an infrared synchronization makes it possible to reduce the costs of the device (for example by about 30%).
- a reference tag (called for the sake of explanation “the tag # 1") is then arbitrarily considered as the master of the other tags 3 (# 2, 3 ... up to N integer) of " slaves "that will lock in relation to the reference tag. This timing can be achieved according to the process below.
- the tag number "n" (n integer between 2 and N) will open a period of observation prior to its emission and set to receive l transmitting beacon 1, ie a period of nxP, preferably increased by a safety margin determined according to the probable drift of the clocks since the last synchronization. If the signal of the beacon No. 1 is received, then on the one hand the reception time is used to reset the internal clock 33 of the beacon "n” and, on the other hand, the reception is stopped ( standby mode) until the expected time for the signal from the "n" beacon is reached.
- the beacon n If the signal of the beacon n ° 1 is not received (which can be related to its distance in space), then the beacon n (if n is greater than 2), waits for a possible reception of the beacon n ° 2 . If there is no reception from beacon 2, the same process is performed until the number N-1.
- This mechanism described above allows on the one hand to treat the case of large premises, thanks to the possibility of synchronization step by step, and on the other hand to cope with interference situations of the infrared signal leading to a temporary loss of synchronization.
- the observation period of the beacons 3 can also be increased in order to immediately be able to operate the resynchronization after disappearance of the interference. Since the radio communication channel is an open definition channel, the risk of communication failure is still to be considered. This break can make it impossible to synchronize the objects 2 on a common clock 44 for an indefinite duration that varies according to the source of the disturbance. So that this break in the synchronization mechanism does not cause application dysfunction (in this case the absence of location code reception) one or two particular configurations can be chosen according to the priority given to the respective consumptions.
- the mobile objects 2 can increase their observation time window (active mode) of the time error value induced by the absence of synchronization.
- This value of the temporal error is for example equal to the value of their natural clock drift (evaluated in relative, typically in ppm) multiplied by the time elapsed since the last synchronization.
- the object 2 is naturally able to measure the elapsed time, as long as it has an internal clock 32, the maximum value of the drift being determined by design, typically between zero and the value of the maximum drift in a second possible configuration, the beacons 3 may repeat several times the emission of their signal (infrared code) in order to guarantee that at least one emission will be completely received during the time window of the clock.
- the infrared transmitter 23 In order to satisfy the criterion, the infrared transmitter 23 must perform, symmetrically with respect to its nominal emission, several emissions.
- the number Ne (Ne integer) of emissions can be calculated according to the various parameters, in particular among:
- the absolute value of the maximum relative drift of the transmitting clock (beacon) number without dimensions generally of the order of 20 ppm (ie 20 10 -6 ),
- the absolute value Dr of the maximum drift of the receiving clock (moving object) also dimensionless and of the same order of magnitude.
- the duration of the observation window Fon nominal of the moving object, for example 0.1 seconds
- Ne 2 * (Ent (2 * (De + Dr) * ts) / Fon) +1
- Ent being the whole party function.
- the infrared emissions are obviously arranged preferably symmetrically with respect to the nominal emission.
- the nominal observation window Fon can itself be calculated to compensate for clock drifts Fon> 2 (De + Dr) * Tsn.
- FIG. 7 represents, by a square signal, the emission period E infrared and the observation window Fon in the nominal case.
- FIG. 8 represents the positioning of several infrared emission periods E to take into account the relative drifts of the transmitter and the receiver, the observation window Fon of the object 2 and the window Fd corresponding to a maximum forward drift.
- an area may be delimited by a corner in a room and a barrier.
- transparent plastic curtains for the visible range but reflecting for the infrared waves.
- the device and method above makes it possible to propose a simple, reliable and energy-saving system for automatic inventories of objects, in particular gas cylinders.
- the device can use light-emitting diode ("led” or equivalent) transmissions transmitting data invisible to the eye but detectable by appropriate receivers. This could provide some or all of the following functions: illumination of the object store 2, presence detection of object (s) (to determine movements, because there is always a doubt about rarely emitting objects), location coding .
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Economics (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1652962A FR3049715B1 (fr) | 2016-04-05 | 2016-04-05 | Dispositif et procede de localisation d'objets |
| PCT/FR2017/050714 WO2017174897A1 (fr) | 2016-04-05 | 2017-03-29 | Dispositif et procédé de localisation d'objets |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3458869A1 true EP3458869A1 (fr) | 2019-03-27 |
Family
ID=56322087
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP17717795.3A Withdrawn EP3458869A1 (fr) | 2016-04-05 | 2017-03-29 | Dispositif et procédé de localisation d'objets |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3458869A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3049715B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2017174897A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9107696D0 (en) * | 1991-04-11 | 1991-05-29 | Q M Systems Ltd | Location monitoring system |
| US5917425A (en) * | 1996-01-22 | 1999-06-29 | Wireless Communiations Products, Llc | IR/RF locator |
| US7619523B2 (en) * | 2006-09-25 | 2009-11-17 | American Air Liquide, Inc. | Gas cylinders monitoring by wireless tags |
| US8139945B1 (en) * | 2007-01-20 | 2012-03-20 | Centrak, Inc. | Methods and systems for synchronized infrared real time location |
| FR2979510B1 (fr) * | 2011-08-26 | 2016-06-03 | Fireflies Rtls | Procede de synchronisation d'un reseau de balises radio |
| US9219984B1 (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2015-12-22 | Centrak, Inc. | System and method of super synchronization in RTLS |
-
2016
- 2016-04-05 FR FR1652962A patent/FR3049715B1/fr active Active
-
2017
- 2017-03-29 EP EP17717795.3A patent/EP3458869A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2017-03-29 WO PCT/FR2017/050714 patent/WO2017174897A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3049715B1 (fr) | 2019-10-04 |
| FR3049715A1 (fr) | 2017-10-06 |
| WO2017174897A1 (fr) | 2017-10-12 |
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