EP3388554A1 - Verfahren zur rückgewinnung von silber auf einem substrat auf elektrochemische weise in anwesenheit einer ionischen flüssigkeit - Google Patents

Verfahren zur rückgewinnung von silber auf einem substrat auf elektrochemische weise in anwesenheit einer ionischen flüssigkeit Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP3388554A1
EP3388554A1 EP18166891.4A EP18166891A EP3388554A1 EP 3388554 A1 EP3388554 A1 EP 3388554A1 EP 18166891 A EP18166891 A EP 18166891A EP 3388554 A1 EP3388554 A1 EP 3388554A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
silver
process according
ionic liquid
mol
solution
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP18166891.4A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Emmanuel BILLY
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Original Assignee
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA, Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA filed Critical Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Publication of EP3388554A1 publication Critical patent/EP3388554A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
    • C25C1/20—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of noble metals

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for recovering silver present on a substrate.
  • It relates more particularly to a method for recovering silver, electrochemically, in a solution of ionic liquids.
  • the present invention finds particular application in the recycling and recovery of photovoltaic panels.
  • Photovoltaic panels also called photovoltaic modules, are used to convert solar radiation into thermal or electrical energy.
  • the other photovoltaic panels are thin-layer type (10%).
  • a crystalline silicon photovoltaic panel comprises a plurality of photovoltaic cells electrically connected together, encapsulated by transparent polymer layers, and arranged between glass plates and an aluminum frame. Electrodes, for example, made of copper or silver, make it possible to collect the electric current generated by the photovoltaic cells.
  • Each photovoltaic cell is conventionally formed of a silicon substrate, whose front face is covered with silver metallizations.
  • a silicon photovoltaic module is therefore mainly composed of glass (74% of the total weight), aluminum (10%), polymer (about 6.5%) and silicon (about 3%), metals (zinc, lead, copper and silver) representing only a negligible part of the mass.
  • the current processes involve dismantling the modules chemically and / or thermally and then carrying out a series of treatments to dissolve the various metallic elements in solution, and finally recover the money.
  • the silver recovery process comprises the steps of: grinding the cells, treating the resulting powder in a solution of H 2 SO 4 (15 mol / L to 20 mol / L) at 60 to 100 ° C, recovery filtrate containing aluminum and crystallization at 100-150 ° C to obtain metallic aluminum.
  • the powder residues containing silicon and silver are treated with HNO 3 (4 to 12 mol / L).
  • the filtrate containing the silver is recovered and the silver is reduced in the presence of hypophosphorous acid.
  • Treatment with boric acid at a temperature of 900-1100 ° C makes it possible to form silver ingots.
  • this silver recovery process is complex and requires the use of many acids at high concentrations and / or temperatures (above 100 ° C and up to 1100 ° C).
  • the document TW-A-200836850 proposes to remove silver and aluminum by contactless electrolysis by immersing a photovoltaic cell in a solution containing nitric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid and ferric chloride.
  • the anti-reflective layer of the cell is dissolved in the acid phosphoric acid heated to between 100 and 200 ° C.
  • the cell is rinsed with nitric acid to remove the last traces of silver. This process does not evoke the recovery of metals after dissolution by electrolysis. In addition, it uses many acids.
  • an object of the present invention to provide a simple silver recovery method requiring few steps and involving mild temperature conditions, while limiting energy and energy costs. reprocessing, so that it can be transposed on an industrial scale.
  • Is meant by ionic liquid the combination of at least one cation and an anion that generates a liquid with a melting temperature lower or close to 100 ° C.
  • solution is meant the presence of at least one ionic liquid. It can also be a mixture of several ionic liquids (two, three, ).
  • Silver is present on substrate.
  • the substrate is at least partially covered by silver.
  • the silver may be in the form of a continuous film, wires, or a grid. Money is available to be dissolved.
  • the substrate does not dissolve in the solution comprising the ionic liquid (s). It does not participate in electrochemical reactions.
  • a potential or a current By application of a potential or a current, is preferably meant a constant potential or a constant current.
  • the method is easy to implement and allows to control, via the application of a potential or a current, the rate of dissolution / recovery of silver.
  • the substrate plays the role of anode, the silver is oxidized and dissolved in solution.
  • the method makes it possible to reduce the steps compared with the prior art since, in a single unitary step, the silver is removed from the substrate and recovered in metallic form.
  • the dissolution and silver recovery steps are performed in the same tank, in which the electrodes are immersed.
  • the solution does not need to be processed, to be transferred between the electrodissolution step and the electroplating step. This leads to a great simplification of the process, a greater compactness of the installations, a reduction in the number of pipes and other devices for conveying fluids and solids, etc.
  • the process avoids a preliminary grinding, and energy consuming, of the substrate.
  • the process does not involve the use of acid either.
  • the electrodissolution / electrodeposition step of the method according to the invention uses a system comprising a positive electrode and a negative electrode.
  • the electrodes are connected to a device making it possible to control the potential of one of the two positive and negative electrodes and, more advantageously, to control the potential difference between the two positive and negative electrodes.
  • the device makes it possible to control the current of one of the two positive and negative electrodes and, more advantageously, to control the difference in current between the two positive and negative electrodes.
  • the system further comprises a reference electrode, for example Ag / AgCl.
  • the potential applied to the positive electrode ranges from -0.4 V to +0.2 V vs Ag / AgCl.
  • the potential applied to the negative electrode ranges from -0.4V to -1V vs. Ag / AgCl.
  • the choice of the applied potential makes it possible to control the microstructure of the deposit and the rate of dissolution.
  • the solution further comprises a second ionic liquid LI2 formed by a second cation and a second anion.
  • the mixture comprises two ionic liquids.
  • the first ionic liquid is a complexing ionic liquid.
  • the second ionic liquid is an ionic liquid solvent.
  • complexing ionic liquid an ionic liquid that promotes the electro-dissolution of silver and has a complexing power vis-à-vis money.
  • the complexation is selective with respect to silver to avoid the possible deposit of another metal.
  • a complexing agent it is possible to adjust the electroplating potential of the silver.
  • the complexing agent makes it possible to lower the electrodissolution potential of silver, via the formation of silver complexes.
  • the solution comprises at least one complexing ionic liquid.
  • the complexation and dissolution properties depend on the anion.
  • Solvent ionic liquid is understood to mean an ionic liquid which does not permit the dissolution of silver, which has no or very little complexing power with respect to silver but which acts as a solvent.
  • the electro-dissolution of silver is improved by reducing the complexing force of the complexing agent.
  • the complexing agent is chosen so as to be sufficiently complexing in the electrochemical stability window of the solution.
  • an ionic liquid as a complexing agent of the metal to be dissolved has many advantages in terms of chemistry, cost or process. Ionic liquids are not degraded during electrochemical reactions. The complexing ionic liquid is regenerated at the end of the process, which limits the cost of the process and avoids the treatment of the solution after electrodeposition.
  • an electrolytic solution when it comprises only ionic liquids LI1 and LI2, has an undeniable advantage in terms of industrial implementation, not only because of the intrinsic properties of these ionic liquids (high thermal stability , almost zero vapor pressure, very low volatility and very low flammability), but also given the relatively low temperatures involved, typically below 100 ° C.
  • the first and second cations are chosen from the group consisting of an ammonium, an imidazolium, a pyrrolidinium, a phosphonium, a sulphonium and a piperidinium.
  • the first cation and / or the second cation is an imidazolium, advantageously an N, N- dialkylimidazolium and, preferably, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium, also noted BMIM.
  • Imidazolium ionic liquids are the least viscous.
  • the first and second cations are identical to increase the solubility of LI1 in LI2.
  • the first anion is selected from the group consisting of halide anions, such as Cl - , Br - , I - , amines, such as dicyanamides N (CN) 2 - noted DCA - , and sulfur ligands such as thiocyanate SCN -.
  • halide anions such as Cl - , Br - , I -
  • amines such as dicyanamides N (CN) 2 - noted DCA -
  • sulfur ligands such as thiocyanate SCN -.
  • the LI2 cation is associated with an organic or inorganic anion having no or very little complexing affinity, excluding anions having a ligand role on silver: halides, amines and / or sulfur compounds.
  • the second anion is chosen from the group consisting of bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N - noted TFSI - , bis (trifluoromethanesulfony) imide noted NTf 2 - , bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide (FSO 2 ) 2 N - noted FSI - , trifluoromethanesulfonate or triflate CF 3 SO 3 - , tris ( pentafluoroethyl) trifluorophosphate noted FAP - and bis (oxalato) borate noted BOB - .
  • the mixture LI1 and LI2 is liquid at ambient temperature.
  • the electrolyte solution comprises from 1 mol% to 50 mol% of the first LI1 ionic liquid, and from 50 mol% to 99 mol% of the second LI2 ionic liquid.
  • the molar concentration of the first ionic liquid LI1 and / or the second ionic liquid LI2, in the solution ranges from 0.01 mol / l to 2 mol / l, advantageously between 0.05 mol / l to 1.0 mol. / L. These concentrations favor the kinetics of dissolution of the metal and the recovery of silver.
  • anhydrous desiccant may optionally be added which may be a salt not involved in the electrode reactions and not reactive with the solvent.
  • agents will preferably be MgSO 4 , Na 2 SO 4 , CaCl 2 , CaSO 4 , K 2 CO 3 , NaOH, KOH, CaO.
  • this mixture may be optionally added an agent promoting the transport properties, it may be a salt or the combination of an additional ionic liquid.
  • the process is carried out at a temperature ranging from 15 ° C to 60 ° C, and preferably of the order of 20-25 ° C.
  • the process can be carried out at room temperature (20-25 ° C) facilitating its use in an industrial environment.
  • the electrically conductive substrate is made of silicon. Silicon is electrochemically inert during the electrodissolution / electroplating step.
  • the substrate is a plate.
  • the process avoids a preliminary grinding, and energy consuming, of the substrate.
  • the substrate comes from a photovoltaic cell, in particular from a photovoltaic cell in which the silver forms the metallizations of this photovoltaic cell.
  • the process can be carried out under air. It is particularly advantageous not to work under a controlled atmosphere and not to use inert gases.
  • the silver recovery process described above and detailed below allows to obtain in a unitary step the electrochemical dissolution of the silver present on a substrate and its recovery in metallic form.
  • the method is described for recovering the silver contained in photovoltaic cells, preferably in crystalline or polycrystalline silicon, and more particularly for recovering the silver present on the front face and sometimes also on the back face of said cells.
  • the method could be used for any type of electrically conductive substrate not dissolving naturally in the electrolytic solution.
  • the cells Prior to the implementation of the method, the cells are removed from the photovoltaic panel and separated from the cables, junction boxes, and metal frames.
  • the cells are subjected to heat treatment to remove, by calcination, polymer encapsulation materials, such as ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA).
  • EVA ethylene vinyl acetate
  • the calcination step is, for example, carried out in an oven under air.
  • the heat treatment is, for example, carried out at a temperature between 400 ° C and 700 ° C, more preferably between 450 and 550 ° C.
  • the duration of this treatment may be between 30 and 120 minutes, more preferably between 60 and 90 minutes.
  • the photovoltaic cell consists of an electrically conductive silicon substrate covered by one or more silver electrodes.
  • the silver electrodes are conventionally formed from a silver paste which may comprise a SiO 2 , B 2 O 3 , PbO and ZnO glass powder, silver and a binder.
  • the cells can also be separated from the electrical connectors.
  • the electrical connectors composed of a copper core coated with Sn 62 Pb 36 Ag 2 , for example, and the silver can be recovered using the process of the invention.
  • the various metals (copper, lead, tin) forming very stable complexes with the complexing agent and / or being in a minimal amount and / or not being dissolved and / or not being electrodeposited with the potential used in the process the deposit on the negative electrode will be essentially money. It is therefore particularly advantageous to be selective with respect to money.
  • the substrate is not ground to implement the process. It can be, for example, cut into a plate of a few cm 2 or dm 2 .
  • the substrate has a first face and a second face.
  • the first face corresponding to the front face of the photovoltaic cell, is covered with silver.
  • the second face corresponds to the rear face of the photovoltaic cell.
  • the second face may include aluminum.
  • the second face may be protected by a plate.
  • the plate provides a physical isolation of aluminum from the electrolytic solution to prevent dissolution of aluminum in solution. It can be electrically conductive. It is, advantageously, chemically inert vis-à-vis the electrolytic solution.
  • the substrate and more particularly the first face of the silver-coated substrate, is electrically connected to a voltage or current source, such as a potentiostat.
  • a voltage or current source such as a potentiostat.
  • the potentiostat is preferably used in potentiostatic mode. It could be used in galvanostatic mode.
  • the substrate forms the positive electrode (or anode).
  • all the silver connectors (bus, bar) on the surface of the substrate is electrically connected to the potentiostat.
  • the negative electrically conductive electrode itself electrically connected, is also connected to the source of current or voltage, and may be a substrate made of glassy carbon, graphite, stainless steel, titanium or a noble metal such as platinum, or indium oxide doped with tin.
  • the substrate is immersed, at least partially, in the electrolytic solution, and arranged facing the negative electrode (or cathode), itself immersed in the electrolytic solution.
  • a potential or a current is imposed on the positive or negative electrode, which simultaneously generates the electro-dissolution of the silver at the positive electrode and the electroplating / recovery of the silver in metallic form at the electrode negative.
  • a reference electrode for example Ag / AgCl, may also be added to the assembly.
  • the potential applied to the positive electrode ranges from -0.4 V to +0.2 V vs Ag / AgCl, for example 0 V vs. Ag / AgCl.
  • the potential applied to the negative electrode ranges from -0.4 V to -1 V vs. Ag / AgCl, for example -0.8 V vs. Ag / AgCl.
  • the potential or the current is applied for a period of 30 minutes to 5 hours, and preferably for a period of 1 hour to 3 hours.
  • the duration will be, in particular, chosen according to the amount of money to be valued and the potential or current applied.
  • the electrolytic solution comprises a first ionic liquid LI1, that is to say that this electrolyte solution may as well comprise a single ionic liquid LI1 a mixture of several (two, three, ...) ionic liquids.
  • the electrolyte solution comprises a first LI1 ionic liquid solvent and a second LI2 complexing ionic liquid.
  • the first and second cations are chosen from the group consisting of an ammonium, an imidazolium, a pyrrolidinium, a phosphonium, a sulphonium and a piperidinium.
  • the first cation and / or the second cation is an imidazolium, advantageously an N, N- dialkylimidazolium and, preferably, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium, also noted BMIM.
  • Imidazolium ionic liquids are the least viscous.
  • the first and second cations are identical to increase the solubility of LI2 in LI1.
  • the first anion is selected from the group consisting of halide anions, such as Cl - , Br - , I - , amines, such as dicyanamides N (CN) 2 - noted DCA - , and sulfur ligands such as thiocyanate SCN -.
  • halide anions such as Cl - , Br - , I -
  • amines such as dicyanamides N (CN) 2 - noted DCA -
  • sulfur ligands such as thiocyanate SCN -.
  • the second anion is chosen from the group consisting of bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2N - denoted TFSI - , bis (trifluoromethanesulfony) imide denoted NTf 2 - , bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide (FSO 2 ) 2 N - noted FSI - , trifluoromethanesulfonate or triflate CF 3 SO 3 - , tris (pentafluoroethyl) trifluorophosphate noted FAP - and bis (oxalato) borate noted BOB - .
  • association we will use an association like LI1: [BMIM] [Cl] and LI2: [BMIM] [TFSI] or even LI1: [BMIM] [Cl] and LI2: [BMIM] [NTf2].
  • the electrolyte solution comprises from 1 mol% to 50 mol% of the first LI1 ionic liquid, and from 50 mol% to 99 mol% of the second LI2 ionic liquid.
  • the electrolyte solution may further comprise an anhydrous desiccant selected from the group consisting of MgSO 4 , Na 2 SO 4 , CaCl 2 , CaSO 4 , K 2 CO 3 , NaOH, KOH and CaO.
  • anhydrous desiccant selected from the group consisting of MgSO 4 , Na 2 SO 4 , CaCl 2 , CaSO 4 , K 2 CO 3 , NaOH, KOH and CaO.
  • water can be added to improve the transport conditions (viscosity, ionic conductivity).
  • An increase in the dissolution can be obtained with a little water, thanks to the joint increase in protons and dissolved oxygen.
  • the electrolytic solution does not comprise an inorganic acid and / or an oxidant, such as hydrogen peroxide or metal salts (iron or copper sulphate, for example), to prevent the formation of a corresponding metal deposit in addition to that of money.
  • an oxidant such as hydrogen peroxide or metal salts (iron or copper sulphate, for example)
  • the solution may naturally contain dissolved oxygen. We will not add oxygen in addition to that naturally present in solution.
  • the naturally occurring oxygen can also be removed from the solution by bubbling with another gas, such as argon.
  • the solution has a low viscosity and good ionic conductivity.
  • the treatment is carried out at ambient temperature (20-25 ° C.).
  • the electrodissolution / electrodeposition step can be carried out under an argon atmosphere.
  • this step is carried out under an uncontrolled atmosphere such as air.
  • the process is advantageously carried out with mechanical stirring, for example between 200 and 1000 rpm.
  • the complexing ionic liquid LI2 is regenerated.
  • the solution can be reused, which reduces the consumption of reagents.
  • the silicon cell After electro-dissolution / electroplating of the silver metal, the silicon cell is extracted from the bath and it is possible to proceed to a new treatment cycle with a new substrate containing silver to be recovered.
  • silicon cells from conventional photovoltaic panels are used.
  • the photovoltaic cells are subjected to heat treatment in order to burn the EVA encapsulation layers. This step takes place in an oven under air at 500 ° C for 1 hour. The cells are also separated from the connectors.
  • the electrolytic solution tested is a mixture of 20 mL of two ionic liquids, [BMIM] [Cl] and [BMIM] [NTf 2 ], at 1 mol.L -1 .
  • the solution is stirred under air at 20 ° C. at 200 rpm. It is specified that this mixture is liquid at room temperature.
  • the electrodissolution / electroplating is performed in potentiostatic mode.
  • a constant potential of -0.8 V is applied to the negative electrode, causing the silver of the positive electrode to dissolve and simultaneously the silver deposit on the negative electrode.
  • the potential is maintained for two hours to extract 8 Coulombs, or 97% of the available silver in the silicon cell.
  • Scans obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in backscattered mode highlight the state of the surface of the photovoltaic cell (positive electrode) before ( figure 1 ) and after ( figure 2 ) the implementation of the method of the invention.
  • White corresponds to heavy elements, here silver, and black to light elements, mainly silicon. At the end of the electrochemical treatment, only some residual traces of silver remain.
  • a deposit is visible on the glassy carbon electrode.
  • This deposit was analyzed by MEB and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) in order to determine the chemical composition. SEM observations have highlighted the presence of a deposit of money. The presence of silver was confirmed by microanalysis by EDX. The microstructure of the deposit is of the "cauliflower" type. Some impurities of sulfur and chloride are present in the silver deposit. These residual impurities from the ionic liquid mixture will mainly be removed after a washing of the silver deposit in water or a water / ethanol mixture in which the deposit is insoluble.
  • This example shows that it is possible to recover the silver, by simultaneous electrochemical dissolution and electroplating thereof, under an uncontrolled atmosphere such as air, and in an electrolytic solution according to the invention.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
EP18166891.4A 2017-04-12 2018-04-11 Verfahren zur rückgewinnung von silber auf einem substrat auf elektrochemische weise in anwesenheit einer ionischen flüssigkeit Pending EP3388554A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1753195A FR3065230B1 (fr) 2017-04-12 2017-04-12 Procede de recuperation de l'argent present sur un substrat, par voie electrochimique, en presence d'un liquide ionique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3388554A1 true EP3388554A1 (de) 2018-10-17

Family

ID=59031189

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18166891.4A Pending EP3388554A1 (de) 2017-04-12 2018-04-11 Verfahren zur rückgewinnung von silber auf einem substrat auf elektrochemische weise in anwesenheit einer ionischen flüssigkeit

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3388554A1 (de)
FR (1) FR3065230B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110484745B (zh) * 2019-08-27 2021-07-27 浙江工业大学 一种贵金属浸出剂及回收废催化剂中贵金属的方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3616332A (en) * 1969-12-17 1971-10-26 Texas Instruments Inc Process for recovering silver from scrap materials and electrolyte composition for use therein
WO2010062162A2 (en) * 2008-11-26 2010-06-03 Mimos Berhad Method for green chlorination of silver
WO2015130965A1 (en) * 2014-02-26 2015-09-03 Greene Lyon Group, Inc. Recovery of gold and/or silver from scrap
EP3023158A1 (de) * 2014-11-18 2016-05-25 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Verfahren zur rückgewinnung von silber, das in einem siliziumsubstrat enthalten ist

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3616332A (en) * 1969-12-17 1971-10-26 Texas Instruments Inc Process for recovering silver from scrap materials and electrolyte composition for use therein
WO2010062162A2 (en) * 2008-11-26 2010-06-03 Mimos Berhad Method for green chlorination of silver
WO2015130965A1 (en) * 2014-02-26 2015-09-03 Greene Lyon Group, Inc. Recovery of gold and/or silver from scrap
EP3023158A1 (de) * 2014-11-18 2016-05-25 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Verfahren zur rückgewinnung von silber, das in einem siliziumsubstrat enthalten ist

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
LEE CH ET AL: "Resource recovery of scrap silicon solar battery cell. - PubMed - NCBI", 4 May 2013 (2013-05-04), XP055292347, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23460539> [retrieved on 20160729] *
ROAR R. SØNDERGAARD ET AL: "Efficient decommissioning and recycling of polymer solar cells: justification for use of silver", ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE, vol. 7, no. 3, 1 January 2014 (2014-01-01), pages 1006, XP055292314, ISSN: 1754-5692, DOI: 10.1039/c3ee43746a *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3065230A1 (fr) 2018-10-19
FR3065230B1 (fr) 2019-06-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3178576B1 (de) Verfahren zum recycling von in einer photovoltaikzelle enthaltenem silber
EP3023158B1 (de) Verfahren zur rückgewinnung von silber, das in einem siliziumsubstrat enthalten ist
Katayama et al. Electrochemical preparation of cobalt nano-particles in an ionic liquid
Yang et al. Electrodeposition of tin and antimony in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid
Downes et al. Electroreduction of perchlorinated silanes for Si electrodeposition
EP3263744B1 (de) Elektrochemisches rückgewinnungsverfahren von platin mithilfe eines materials, in dem es enthalten ist
FR3065230B1 (fr) Procede de recuperation de l&#39;argent present sur un substrat, par voie electrochimique, en presence d&#39;un liquide ionique
EP3388555B1 (de) Verfahren zur selektiven rückgewinnung von silber in gegenwart von aluminium auf elektrochemische weise und in einer wässrigen lösung
Gossage et al. Reconstruction of lead acid battery negative electrodes after hard sulfation using controlled chelation chemistry
WO2023180673A1 (fr) Procede de recuperation de l&#39;indium a partir d&#39;un subtrat comprenant de l&#39;oxyde d&#39;indium-etain et une couche metallique par voie de chimie verte
FR3065228B1 (fr) Procede de recuperation de l&#39;argent present sur un substrat, par voie electrochimique et en solution aqueuse
Van Phuong et al. Mechanistic study on the effect of PEG molecules in a trivalent chromium electrodeposition process
KR101629918B1 (ko) 백금족 금속의 제련 및 재활용을 위한 전해장치 및 방법
Celik et al. Electrodeposition of Al, Zn, and Pt on silver-coated textile fibres from ionic liquids
He et al. Electro-reduction of Cu2O to Cu in urea/1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride
WO2011142357A1 (ja) 光電変換素子、光電変換素子の製造方法、及び、高分子電解質型太陽電池
CN104988546A (zh) 一种激光诱导离子液体电沉积制备锗纳米阵列的方法
FR3099493A1 (fr) Procede d’electropolissage de pieces rhodiees par voie de chimie verte
Downes et al. Electroreduction of Si (NCO) 4 for Electrodeposition of Si
FR3099492A1 (fr) Procede de recuperation de rhodium par voie electrochimique
Dumitru et al. Electrodeposition of zinc oxide films from choline chloride based ionic liquid media containing zinc and nitrate ions
Tang et al. The Effect of Water on the Tin Electrodeposition from [Bmim] HSO4 Ionic Liquid
Popescu et al. Preliminary Study for Copper Recovery in WEEE Leachate by Using Ionic Liquids Based on Choline Chloride
Chen et al. Choline Chloride-Carboxylic Acid Based Deep Eutectic Solvents as Advantageous Electrolytes for Direct Electrochemical Conversion of Tin Oxide to Tin
EP4159882A1 (de) Verfahren zur rückgewinnung von silber aus partikeln, z.b. fotovoltaikzellen

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20180411

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20220104