EP3365121B1 - Method of production of high-pressure seamless cylinder from corrosion-resistant steel - Google Patents

Method of production of high-pressure seamless cylinder from corrosion-resistant steel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3365121B1
EP3365121B1 EP16707614.0A EP16707614A EP3365121B1 EP 3365121 B1 EP3365121 B1 EP 3365121B1 EP 16707614 A EP16707614 A EP 16707614A EP 3365121 B1 EP3365121 B1 EP 3365121B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
semi
product
cylinder
blank
corrosion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16707614.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3365121A1 (en
Inventor
Pavel Kucera
Petr HOFRIK
Tomas PIJANOWSKI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vitkovice Cylinders AS
Original Assignee
Vitkovice Cylinders AS
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Publication of EP3365121A1 publication Critical patent/EP3365121A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
    • B21C23/20—Making uncoated products by backward extrusion
    • B21C23/205—Making products of generally elongated shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
    • B21C23/20—Making uncoated products by backward extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/21—Presses specially adapted for extruding metal
    • B21C23/218—Indirect extrusion presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/32—Lubrication of metal being extruded or of dies, or the like, e.g. physical state of lubricant, location where lubricant is applied

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of material forming, namely the method of production of high-pressure cylinder from corrosion-resistant steel using the method of hot backward extrusion solved completely specifically for the possibility to obtain high-pressure seamless cylinder not showing hydrogen embrittlement and inner surface corrosion.
  • High-pressure seamless steel cylinders are currently produced using the method of backward extrusion and drawing utilizing the process according to the CZ pat. 243247 .
  • steel blanks are first cut from billets of square or circular section.
  • the steel blanks are heated in an induction furnace to the output temperature of 1000 to 1250 °C, after which they are robotically transposed into a descaling device where a high-pressure water jetting is performed to remove the scales from the surface of blanks.
  • each individual blank is inserted by stacker into an extrusion press, where it is upset and backward extruded.
  • the backward extrusion process is realized in two steps.
  • the blank is inserted into a die with a vertically moving ram, cylindrical insert, and piercing mandrel fitted with a piercing head, where a thick-walled hollow semi-product, which is smooth inside without protrusions or bumps, is produced by means of extrusion from the blank.
  • a thick-walled hollow semi-product which is smooth inside without protrusions or bumps, is produced by means of extrusion from the blank.
  • bottom is pressed in the semi-product basically to the final thickness, however the semi-product has larger diameter than the final product.
  • the semi-product is robotically removed from the extrusion press, turned by 90°, and seated in this position into the horizontal drawing press, where the second step of forming, which is backward drawing, will take place.
  • the semi-product is put on a drawing mandrel with the already final inner diameter of the cylinder, after which it is extruded through a stripper ring and roller cartridges fitted with reduction rollers.
  • the semi-product on the mandrel is rolled, in which process reshaping of the semi-product wall thickness by approximately 25 % to 85 % will take place, and the semi-product will acquire the desired outer and inner diameter. In addition, the rest of scales will fall off.
  • insertion of the semi-product bottom into a sizing die is performed, thus forming the final shape of the cylinder bottom.
  • the semi-product is pulled off from the drawing mandrel with the help of stripping jaws.
  • the stage of the semi-product processing by rolling is mentioned in the Utility model CZ U 20492 .
  • the hollow semi-products are aftercooled with air and subsequently necked, i.e. closed by means of rotary forming to create a steel cylinder of typical geometry.
  • New method of manufacturing seamless high-pressure cylinder from corrosion-resistant steel is designed allowing the production of thin-walled seamless version of the cylinder from corrosion-resistant steel even for larger and high-volume high-pressure cylinders.
  • the invention starts from the existing method of manufacturing seamless high-pressure cylinders.
  • the starting part in the form of a steel blank is heated in an induction furnace and then inserted into an extrusion press where it is upset and backward extruded in two steps.
  • the blank is inserted into a die with a cylindrical insert and a vertically moving piercing tool, and here it is moulded by means of extrusion until a thick-walled hollow semi-product having an inner cavity, walls and bottom is moulded from it.
  • the semi-product is removed from the extrusion press, turned by 90°, and seated in this position into a horizontal drawing press, where the second step of forming, which is backward drawing, takes place.
  • the semi-product is put on a drawing mandrel with the diameter corresponding to the desired final inner diameter of the produced cylinder, while in this drawing press, the semi-product is extruded through a stripper ring and roller cartridges fitted with reduction rollers by means of which it is rolled on the mandrel. This rolling is performed so long until the semi-product acquires the desired outer and inner diameter corresponding to the required final dimensions of the produced cylinder. Then the final shape of the cylinder bottom is formed by insertion of the semi-product bottom into a sizing die and subsequently, in the course of the backward movement of the drawing mandrel, the semi-product is pulled off from the drawing mandrel with the help of stripping jaws and is aftercooled.
  • the semi-product manufactured in this way is necked, by which the shape of the manufactured cylinder is finished.
  • the essence of the new solution according to the invention is that even before heating in the induction furnace, at least 85 % of the blank surface is coated with coating from material based on water glass with thickness of 20 to 150 ⁇ m, this coating is cured by drying at the temperature of 15 to 60 °C and only after this curing, the blank is subjected to heating in the induction furnace.
  • the material based on water glass is applied to the blank for example by spraying with nozzles or brushing in the form of water glass suspension.
  • the water glass suspension stands here for suspension containing 20 to 40 % w. w. of sodium silicate or potassium silicate or mixture of these silicates, and 80 to 40 % w. w. of water, while in the case of presence of admixtures such as borosilicates and/or corrosion inhibitors, these admixtures are contained in the amount of maximum 20 % w. w.
  • the blank with coating from material based on water glass is heated in the induction furnace to the temperature of 1180 °C to 1260 °C.
  • the blank with coating is taken out of here, and during persistence of its temperature of minimum 1110 °C, it is inserted into the extrusion press, preferably without performing water descaling between the removal from the induction furnace and insertion into the extrusion press.
  • the coating of material based on water glass is broken to pieces by purposeful pushing of the piercing tool to the blank, while it is cracking off during extrusion in the extrusion press until at least its major part is removed, meant as thickness of layer.
  • the leftovers of coating based on water glass are preferably removed from the surface of the semi-product by pressure blasting of its outer as well as inner surface with abrasive.
  • the blank is made preferably from corrosion-resistant steel while the resulting cylinder is made as a seamless cylinder in the volume range from 5 litres up to 260 litres, as a single necked or double-necked cylinder for any volume within the said range.
  • Thin walled seamless high-pressure cylinders of the abovementioned volumes are preferably manufactured with the help of this invention.
  • the semi-product wall is pressed to the thickness of 2 to 21.5 mm.
  • the invention is utilizable for manufacturing of seamless high-pressure cylinders. It makes possible to manufacture these cylinders from corrosion-resistant steel and that in the corrosion-resistant version, even for larger and high cylinder volumes from 5 to 260 litres.
  • the invention makes possible to manufacture these cylinders in the thin-walled version from significantly wider range of high-strength corrosion-resistant steels than the existing methods. Using this invention, substantial reduction of the mass of high-pressure cylinders is achieved as compared to the present state of art, and savings of material for their production.
  • the seamless thin-walled version with these volumes was not possible so far.
  • the cylinders according to the invention exhibit high mechanical resistance as well as pressure resistance.
  • the cylinders according to the invention are by as much as two thirds lighter.
  • the option to use corrosion-resistant steel for the production makes possible to use these cylinders even for raw natural gas and for gases and mixtures that in the case of existing cylinders from common chrome-molybdenum steel are causing hydrogen embrittlement and accelerated corrosion when reacting with the gas under high pressure.
  • Example of embodiment of the invention is visually demonstrated with the help of Figs. 1 to 4 and the hereinafter-described method of production of corrosion-resistant high-pressure seamless cylinder for storage, transport, and use of natural gas.
  • Parts of the size needed for the manufacture of cylinders of the produced volume are first cut from billets of corrosion-resistant steel having square or circular section.
  • Each individual part i.e. the starting steel blank 1
  • the thickness of applied layer is 20 to 150 ⁇ m.
  • Suspension usually called water glass is used as the material based on water glass.
  • the suspension based on water glass stands for suspension containing 20 to 40 % w. w. of sodium silicate or potassium silicate or their mixture and 80 to 40 % w. w. of water.
  • Admixtures of borosilicates and corrosion inhibitors such as hexamine, fenylethylamine, phosphates, etc. and/or possible other admixtures can be contained provided they do not exceed the amount of 20 % w. w. in the suspension.
  • This coating 2 can be applied by brushing or spraying. After the application, the coating is let to dry at the temperature of 15 to 60 °C until curing. Sufficient curing will not take place in the case of curing below the temperature of 15 °C, so that unwanted cracking and falling-off of the coating 2 layer would take place during subsequent heating in the induction furnace. In the case of curing above 60 °C, unwanted cracking of the coating 2 will take place as soon as during drying. During curing within the said range, creation of homogenous layer acting as a protective jacket on the surface of the blank 1 takes place. For the drying process or after it, the blank 1 is placed into the induction furnace, where it is heated up by gradual heating to the temperature of 1180 °C to 1260 °C.
  • the step of descaling by water jetting of scale which is always performed during the existing process between the removal from the induction furnace and insertion into the extrusion press, is skipped.
  • Skipping of the up to now necessary step of water jetting of scale is very significant, because this is preventing cooling down by more than 80 °C, thus eliminating formation of temperature gradient and temperature fluctuations that are typical during the clearing of high-temperature-heating generated scale by means of high-pressure water jet descaling.
  • the possibility of precise control of the blank 1 temperature is achieved by skipping the descaling.
  • the blank 1 In the extrusion press, the blank 1 , and later the semi-product 5 created from it, is upset and backward extruded in two steps. From this, during the first step, the blank 1 is placed at the bottom 6 of the extrusion press die 4 and here it is pressed by vertically moving ram ended with a piercing mandrel constituting the piercing tool 7 . The blank 1 is moulded here by means of extrusion until a thick-walled hollow semi-product 5 having an inner cavity, walls, and bottom is moulded from it, as shown on Figs. 4 A, B.
  • the coating 2 of material based on water glass is broken to pieces by pushing of the piercing tool 7 to the blank 1 and the semi-product 5 made of it, the coating 2 cracks off, and approximately all this coating 2 is removed during extrusion in the extrusion press.
  • the water glass admixtures will make their way from the coating 2 into the surface layer of the semi-product 5 to the depth of maximum 10 ⁇ m, these leftovers are removed later by blasting.
  • the aforementioned extrusion takes place during continuation of the semi-product 5 temperature at 1100 to 1200 °C.
  • the semi-product 5 is removed from the extrusion press, turned by 90°, and seated in this position into a horizontal drawing press, where the second step of forming in terms of backward drawing takes place.
  • the semi-product 5 is put on a drawing mandrel having the diameter corresponding to the desired final inner diameter of the produced cylinder, and in this drawing press, the semi-product 5 is extruded through a stripper ring and roller cartridges fitted with reduction rollers by means of which it is rolled on the mandrel. Rolling is performed so long until the semi-product 5 acquires the required outer and inner diameter.
  • the final shape of the cylinder bottom is formed by insertion of the semi-product 5 bottom into a sizing die and subsequently, in the course of the backward movement of the drawing mandrel, the semi-product 5 is pulled off from the drawing mandrel with the help of stripping jaws, aftercooled, and subsequently necked by already known method by means of rotary forming or die forging process.
  • the shape of the manufactured cylinder is finished in this way.
  • Corrosion-resistant seamless pressure cylinders in the volume range from 5 litres up to 260 litres can be manufactured using the method according to the invention for any volume within the said range as single necked or double-necked cylinders.
  • the invention allows pressing the semi-product 5 wall even to the thickness of a thin-walled cylinder without loss of qualitative properties of the manufactured cylinder.
  • the semi-product 5 wall is pressed even to the thickness of 2 to 21.5 mm.
  • the cylinder wall thickness is selected in concrete terms within the above said range depending on the required cylinder volume, pressure for which the cylinder is designated, and requirements for qualitative properties and mechanical strength of the cylinder.
  • FIG. 1 to 4 illustrate only the steps related directly to the new steps of the process of production of the cylinder according to the invention.
  • the other steps and processes that are already known in this field and are described in the Background Art paragraph do not need to be illuminated using figures.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)
EP16707614.0A 2015-12-03 2016-01-08 Method of production of high-pressure seamless cylinder from corrosion-resistant steel Active EP3365121B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CZ2015-855A CZ306401B6 (cs) 2015-12-03 2015-12-03 Způsob výroby vysokotlaké bezešvé láhve z korozivzdorné oceli
PCT/CZ2016/050001 WO2017092721A1 (en) 2015-12-03 2016-01-08 Method of production of high-pressure seamless cylinder from corrosion-resistant steel

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3365121A1 EP3365121A1 (en) 2018-08-29
EP3365121B1 true EP3365121B1 (en) 2019-04-10

Family

ID=55452969

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16707614.0A Active EP3365121B1 (en) 2015-12-03 2016-01-08 Method of production of high-pressure seamless cylinder from corrosion-resistant steel

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20180304330A1 (cs)
EP (1) EP3365121B1 (cs)
CN (1) CN108348971B (cs)
CZ (1) CZ306401B6 (cs)
ES (1) ES2731055T3 (cs)
RU (1) RU2710484C1 (cs)
WO (1) WO2017092721A1 (cs)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111389944B (zh) * 2020-03-26 2021-01-29 燕山大学 一种厚壁圆筒挤压旋转成形方法
CN113817956B (zh) * 2021-08-02 2022-09-20 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 一种700MPa级经济型无缝气瓶钢管及其制造方法
CN115365443A (zh) * 2022-08-09 2022-11-22 无锡派克新材料科技股份有限公司 一种超高强度钢深孔锻造成型模具及其成型方法
CN116475258B (zh) * 2023-06-15 2023-09-01 陕西长羽航空装备股份有限公司 一种航空飞机用大型钛合金深筒体反挤压锻造设备及方法
CN119794729A (zh) * 2024-12-11 2025-04-11 贵州航锐航空精密零部件制造有限公司 一种带涂层小微孔径高精度的内孔加工方法

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GB795989A (en) * 1955-05-31 1958-06-04 Babcock & Wilcox Co Improvements in or relating to the extrusion of metal billets
FR2341384A1 (fr) * 1976-02-23 1977-09-16 Little Inc A Lubrifiant et procede de formage a chaud des metaux
SU1219671A1 (ru) * 1984-10-23 1986-03-23 Межотраслевой Головной Конструкторско-Технологический Институт Технологической Оснастки Состав дл защиты металла от окислени при нагреве
CS243247B1 (cs) * 1985-01-07 1986-06-12 Roman Barecek Zařízení pro výrobu polotovarů ocelových bezešvých lahví za tepla z přířezů
JPS62148016A (ja) * 1985-12-23 1987-07-02 Kobe Steel Ltd ステンレス鋼高圧容器用底付円筒の押出方法
ZA963198B (en) * 1995-05-16 1996-10-25 Timcal Ltd Lubricant composition for use on workpieces in the hot forming of metals
JP3558506B2 (ja) * 1997-09-16 2004-08-25 住友金属工業株式会社 熱間押出し用ガラス潤滑剤
RU124893U1 (ru) * 2012-06-20 2013-02-20 Владимир Николаевич Соколов Стальной баллон для газа высокого давления
EP2703454A1 (en) * 2012-08-29 2014-03-05 Pemco Brugge BVBA Coating compositions
RU2560125C2 (ru) * 2013-09-10 2015-08-20 Открытое акционерное общество "Российский научно-исследовательский институт трубной промышленности" (ОАО "РосНИТИ") Баллон высокого давления
DE102014101972B4 (de) * 2014-02-17 2018-06-07 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Verfahren zum Herstellen eines nahtlosen Druckbehälters zur Speicherung von Wasserstoff

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20180304330A1 (en) 2018-10-25
CN108348971A (zh) 2018-07-31
WO2017092721A1 (en) 2017-06-08
CZ2015855A3 (cs) 2017-01-04
EP3365121A1 (en) 2018-08-29
ES2731055T3 (es) 2019-11-13
CN108348971B (zh) 2019-08-20
CZ306401B6 (cs) 2017-01-04
RU2710484C1 (ru) 2019-12-26

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