EP3218254A1 - Device for securing floating bodies - Google Patents

Device for securing floating bodies

Info

Publication number
EP3218254A1
EP3218254A1 EP15808073.9A EP15808073A EP3218254A1 EP 3218254 A1 EP3218254 A1 EP 3218254A1 EP 15808073 A EP15808073 A EP 15808073A EP 3218254 A1 EP3218254 A1 EP 3218254A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pile
float
telescopic
floating
hubkraftunterstützung
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15808073.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3218254B1 (en
Inventor
Michael Fuhrmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dual Docker GmbH
Original Assignee
Dual Docker GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dual Docker GmbH filed Critical Dual Docker GmbH
Publication of EP3218254A1 publication Critical patent/EP3218254A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3218254B1 publication Critical patent/EP3218254B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/20—Equipment for shipping on coasts, in harbours or on other fixed marine structures, e.g. bollards
    • E02B3/28—Fender piles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/04—Fastening or guiding equipment for chains, ropes, hawsers, or the like
    • B63B21/06—Bollards
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/20—Equipment for shipping on coasts, in harbours or on other fixed marine structures, e.g. bollards
    • E02B3/24—Mooring posts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B2021/001—Mooring bars, yokes, or the like, e.g. comprising articulations on both ends
    • B63B2021/002—Yokes, or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
    • B63B2021/501—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers by means of articulated towers, i.e. slender substantially vertically arranged structures articulated near the sea bed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B35/4406—Articulated towers, i.e. substantially floating structures comprising a slender tower-like hull anchored relative to the marine bed by means of a single articulation, e.g. using an articulated bearing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
    • E02B3/062—Constructions floating in operational condition, e.g. breakwaters or wave dissipating walls
    • E02B3/064—Floating landing-stages

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for fixing floating bodies with a pile which can be fixed at one end to a base, in the region of whose other end the floating body is provided.
  • Such devices are used to set floats of any kind, especially floating bars, boats, ships u.
  • Floating bars are floating structures on the water, where in turn, for example, any floating body, such as ships, boats, sports equipment u.
  • Floating pontoons are used in waters with tidal range as water level independent piers and in harbors, among other things, to create as many berths in a confined space.
  • the buoyancy bodies usually several are provided to not have to accept the loss of the entire floating web in a loss of one or a few buoyancy bodies, can be made of any suitable material, such as steel, aluminum, concrete or plastic.
  • Floating pontoons are used in tidal waters as a pier independent of water level. In marinas they serve to subdivide the water surface and to use as many berths as possible.
  • the piles are driven for this purpose usually with rams corresponding deep into the ground and must be raised at low water correspondingly high above the float. in order to be able to hold it securely even during floods.
  • a particular disadvantage is that the piles, depending on the tides, can project very high out of the water, causing the piles to vibrate
  • Floating bridge is restless on the water especially in adverse conditions and not inconsiderable intrinsic movements when following the wave movements performs, in particular various bends and connections, which is an excessive burden on all the components involved, such as floating dock, the mooring floats and mooring means.
  • the invention is based on a prior art of the described type the task of creating a device for fixing floats, which avoids the aforementioned disadvantages and which is sufficiently robust with the simplest possible structure and in adverse conditions, especially in wind and waves , a safe fixing of floats allowed and not, or not in excess, projecting over the water surface.
  • the invention solves this problem in that the pile is designed as a telescopic tube, wherein the pile is designed such that the pile length independently adapts to Tidenhubtechnikn.
  • the pile is designed as a telescopic tube and at one end fixable at the bottom and the other at its end facing away from the ground with a
  • the pile length independently adapts easily to the respective Tidenhubönin, aso the water level conditions.
  • the pile thus follows the water level in terms of its length.
  • the float floats on the water surface, without the pile projecting in excess over a water surface and thereby causes the displacement of the pile in the required telescopic position.
  • the piles do not have to protrude excessively, especially possibly not at all, above the water surface.
  • With appropriate design of the telescopic guide virtually no play between the float, post and substrate required or present, which helps avoid a hit of the pile by adverse waves or wind conditions.
  • Floats such as floating pontoons, berths for boats or any floating body can thus be kept virtually invisible in an ideal location without having to accept large lateral drifts in purchasing. Due to the practically play-free guidance, the durability is significantly increased and the maintenance costs are significantly reduced.
  • the pile is provided at its end facing away from the bottom with a float, which is attached directly to the post.
  • This float can be in particular of any nature. For example, it should be specified, floating bars, buoys for fixing boats or the like.
  • the pole telescopic along the pile axis can be equipped with a vibration damper damping the telescopic movement.
  • This vibration damper works in an equivalent way as a vibration damper in a motor vehicle, wherein the damping material is either a mechanically elastically deformable damping mass, such as polyurethane, a damper oil or gas guided in a closed circuit or of corresponding throttle openings in the pile interior penetrating seawater can be formed.
  • the pile can be equipped with a force acting in its extension direction Hubkraftunterstützung. This means in particular that the assigned to the pile end
  • This lifting force support may comprise, for example, a counterweight which can be displaced in the interior of the pile and which acts on a part-tube of the telescopic tube via a traction means deflected by means of a deflection roller.
  • the Hubkraftunterstützung may include a provided in the pile interior spring, optionally a gas spring.
  • the pile which is preferably sharpened on the ground, into the ground.
  • This will be the stake driven by corresponding rams, beaters or the like.
  • the pile could be fixable on the ground side by means of at least one flange at the bottom.
  • the piles are preferably screwed to the substrate by means of the flanges and corresponding dowels, in particular in the case of hard, rocky reasons or when laying on concrete pans or the like.
  • the pile is equipped at least one end, possibly at both ends, with a ball coupling and / or a universal joint.
  • a ball coupling and / or a universal joint For ball heads, inclinations of up to around 35 ° can be realized from a central position. Universal joints allow up to 90 °.
  • the pile is braced by means of one at the stake and the other at the base attacking traction and / or pendulum supports.
  • Pulling means can be ropes, chains or the like, but in particular a corresponding self-damping damping lines.
  • the pendulum supports consist for example of one end of the pile and the other end at the bottom by means of fittings defined pendulum supports, which consist of two telescopically displaceable support parts, which are supported against each other by a spring device in both tension and compression direction, so spring tension and compression forces and if necessary, can remove damped.
  • the spring device can be equipped, for example, at a distance distributed in the longitudinal direction of the support stop bodies and provided with between the stop bodies elastomeric spring bodies, wherein the stop body engage the spring body in the longitudinal direction of the support projecting stop lugs, leaving a receiving space whose volume at least the displacement volume of the elastomeric spring body in the stop position of Stop body corresponds.
  • one, two, three, four or more traction means and / or pendulum supports in particular evenly distributed around the pile longitudinal axis, can be arranged in order to stabilize the pile.
  • FIG. 1 shows a device according to the invention in cross section with the representation of two stroke positions
  • FIG. 3 shows a further construction variant of the device from FIG. 1 and FIG. 2
  • FIG. 4 shows a device with lifting force support in cross section with retracted telescopic tube and
  • Fig. 5 shows the device of Fig. 4 with extended telescopic tube.
  • the device according to the invention for securing floating bodies 1, 1 ' comprises a pile 2 fixable at one end to the base G in the region of the other end of which the floating body 1, 1' can be fixed.
  • the pile is designed as a telescopic tube, which in particular a Tidenhub T can be compensated advantageous.
  • the pile is at its end facing away from the bottom G with a floating body 1, in particular a floating dock, equipped.
  • the pile is on the ground side by means of a flange 4 at the bottom, a rock or a concrete tub, bolted. The relevant screw connection is only hinted at.
  • FIG. 1 the pile is designed as a telescopic tube, which in particular a Tidenhub T can be compensated advantageous.
  • the pile is at its end facing away from the bottom G with a floating body 1, in particular a floating dock, equipped.
  • the pile is on the ground side by means of a flange 4 at the bottom, a rock or a concrete tub, bolted. The relevant
  • the pile 2 is sharpened on the bottom side and driven into the bottom G.
  • the pile 2 in the embodiment of FIG. 2 at one end and in the embodiment of FIG. 1 at both ends with a ball coupling 5 is equipped.
  • the pile 2 can also be tensioned by means of one end of the pile 2 and the other end on the base G attacking pendulum supports 6, or traction means 7. Although no such means are shown in the embodiment of FIG. 2, these could of course be provided in this construction.
  • the float 3 is a buoy, with which the device can be provided, for example, for generating a buoy field.
  • a ship 1 'can then be fixed to a stop means 8 in usually with the buoy or with the pile 2.
  • the pile is equipped with a Hubkraftunterstweilung.
  • the Hubkraftunterstützung acts in the extension direction. This serves to create a counterweight to a floating example, on the pile floating dock.
  • the illustrated Hubkraftunterstützung comprises a displaceable in the interior of the pile 2 counterweight 1 1, which engages over a deflection roller 12 deflected traction means 13 to a sub-tube 14 of the telescopic tube of the pile 2.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for securing floating bodies (1, 1') with a pile (2) that can be fastened at one end to a base (G), wherein the floating body (1, 1') can be secured in the region of the other end thereof. In order to create advantageous securing conditions, it is proposed that the pile (2) is designed as a telescopic tube (3).

Description

Vorrichtung zum Festlegen von Schwimmkörpern  Device for fixing floats
Technisches Gebiet Technical area
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zum Festlegen von Schwimmkörpern mit einem einerends an einem Grund festlegbaren Pfahl, im Bereich dessen anderen Endes der Schwimmkörper vorgesehen ist. The invention relates to a device for fixing floating bodies with a pile which can be fixed at one end to a base, in the region of whose other end the floating body is provided.
Stand der Technik State of the art
Derartige Vorrichtungen dienen zum Festlegen von Schwimmkörpern jeglicher Art, insbesondere von Schwimmstegen, Booten, Schiffen u. dgl. Schwimmstege sind auf dem Wasser schwimmende Konstruktionen, an denen beispielsweise wiederum beliebige Schwimmkörper, wie Schiffe, Boote, Sportgeräte u. dgl. festgemacht werden können. Schwimmstege dienen in Gewässern mit Tidenhub als wasserstandsunabhängige Anlegestellen und in Häfen unter anderem auch zur Schaffung möglichst vieler Liegeplätze auf engem Raum. Die Auftriebskörper, üblicherweise sind mehrere vorgesehen, um bei einem Verlust eines oder einiger weniger Auftriebskörper nicht gleich den Verlust des gesamten Schwimmsteges in Kauf nehmen zu müssen, können aus beliebigem geeignetem Material gefertigt sein, wie beispielsweise aus Stahl, Aluminium, Beton oder Kunststoff. Such devices are used to set floats of any kind, especially floating bars, boats, ships u. Like. Floating bars are floating structures on the water, where in turn, for example, any floating body, such as ships, boats, sports equipment u. Like. Moored. Floating pontoons are used in waters with tidal range as water level independent piers and in harbors, among other things, to create as many berths in a confined space. The buoyancy bodies, usually several are provided to not have to accept the loss of the entire floating web in a loss of one or a few buoyancy bodies, can be made of any suitable material, such as steel, aluminum, concrete or plastic.
Um ein Abtreiben der Schwimmstege zu vermeiden werden diese mittels der am Grund festgelegten Pfähle, auch Piloten genannt, an der gewünschten Position gehalten. Schwimmstege dienen in Tiden-Gewässern als wasserstandsunabhängige Anlegestelle. In Sportboothäfen dienen sie zur Unterteilung der Wasserfläche und zur Nutzung für möglichst viele Liegeplätze. Die Pfähle werden zu diesem Zweck üblicher Weise mit Rammen entsprechend tief in den Grund getrieben und müssen bei Niederwasser entsprechend hoch über den Schwimmkörper aufra- gen, um diesen auch bei Hochwasser noch sicher halten und festlegen zu können. Nachteilig wirkt sich insbesondere aus, dass die Pfähle Tidenabhängig sehr hoch aus dem Wasser ragen können, dass die Pfähle Schwingungen des In order to avoid aborting the floating bars they are kept at the desired position by means of the piles fixed at the bottom, also called pilots. Floating pontoons are used in tidal waters as a pier independent of water level. In marinas they serve to subdivide the water surface and to use as many berths as possible. The piles are driven for this purpose usually with rams corresponding deep into the ground and must be raised at low water correspondingly high above the float. in order to be able to hold it securely even during floods. A particular disadvantage is that the piles, depending on the tides, can project very high out of the water, causing the piles to vibrate
Schwimmkörpers praktisch nicht dämpfen können und dass die Pfähle konstrukti- onsbedingt stets mit entsprechendem Spiel in der Hubführung geführt sein müssen, was wiederum bei hoher auf die Konstruktion einwirkender kinetischer Energie, infolge von Seegang, wind u. dgl., eine Lockerung des Pfahles zur Folge haben kann. Virtually can not dampen floating body and that the piles must always be performed by design with appropriate play in the lifting guide, which in turn at high kinetic energy acting on the construction, due to sea state, wind u. Like., A loosening of the pile may result.
Das Festlegen von Schwimmkörpern aller Art, insbesondere von weiterführenden Stegen, Schiffen, Booten, Sportgeräten od. dgl. erfolgt üblicherweise durch ein Vertäuen des jeweiligen Schwimmkörpers am Schwimmsteg, wobei ein The setting of floating bodies of all kinds, especially of further webs, ships, boats, sports equipment od. Like. Usually takes place by mooring the respective float on the floating dock, wherein a
Schwimmkörper üblicherweise entweder längsseits oder quer zum Schwimmsteg anlegt. Nachteilig ist bei diesem Stand der Technik allerdings, dass der Float usually either alongside or transversely applied to the floating dock. A disadvantage of this prior art, however, that the
Schwimmsteg insbesondere bei widrigen Verhältnissen unruhig am Wasser liegt und nicht unerhebliche Eigenbewegungen beim Folgen der Wellenbewegungen ausführt, insbesondere diverse Biegungen und Verbindungen, was eine übermäßige Belastung für alle beteiligten Komponenten, wie Schwimmsteg, den anlegenden Schwimmkörpern und den Festmachermitteln, bedeutet. Floating bridge is restless on the water especially in adverse conditions and not inconsiderable intrinsic movements when following the wave movements performs, in particular various bends and connections, which is an excessive burden on all the components involved, such as floating dock, the mooring floats and mooring means.
Weiters ist es bekannt, Schwimmkörper mittels Haltebäumen an Stegen, Hafen- mauern od. dgl. zu befestigen (WO 2009 015403 A1 ), wobei die Haltebäume insbesondere wenigstens einerends um eine zumindest annähernd vertikale Achse mit einem Beschlag drehfest bzw. drehfedernd am jeweiligen Festmacher festgelegt sind. Der Abstand vom Schwimmkörper zum Landungskörper wird mit den beiden Haltebäumen festgelegt, wobei eine Abtrift des Schwimmkörpers zur Seite und schräg nach hinten in Richtung Landungskörper durch ein drehfestes bzw. drehfederndes Festlegen der Beschläge an einem Ende der Haltebäume und/oder durch ein Abspannen der Haltebäume mit Springleinen unterbunden wird. Damit werden auf den Schwimmkörper einwirkende Wellen- und Windkräfte direkt über die Haltebäume in den Landungskörper eingeleitet. Damit können auf den Schwimmkörper einwirkende Kräfte, insbesondere bei höheren Windstärken und Wellengängen, bereits im Ansatz abgefedert und aufgefangen werden, womit eine wesentlich geringere Belastung von Schwimmkörper und Landungskörper gegeben ist. Furthermore, it is known to fix floating bodies by means of retaining trees on bridges, harbor walls or the like (WO 2009 015403 A1), wherein the retaining trees are in particular fixed at least at one end about an at least approximately vertical axis with a fitting rotationally fixed or rotationally springing on the respective mooring device are. The distance from the float to the landing is determined with the two support trees, with a drift of the float to the side and obliquely back towards Landing by a rotationally fixed or drehfederndes fixing the fittings at one end of the support trees and / or by unclamping the support trees with Jumping lines is prevented. Thus, acting on the float shaft and wind forces are introduced directly via the support trees in the landing. Thus, forces acting on the float, especially at higher wind speeds and waves, already cushioned and collected in the approach, which a much lower load of float and landing is given.
Darstellung der Erfindung Presentation of the invention
Der Erfindung liegt ausgehend von einem Stand der Technik der vorgeschilderten Art die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zum Festlegen von Schwimmkörpern zu schaffen, welche die vorgenannten Nachteile vermeidet und die bei möglichst einfachem Aufbau ausreichend robust ist und auch bei widrigen Verhältnissen, insbesondere bei Wind und Wellengang, ein sicheres Festlegen von Schwimmkörpern erlaubt und dabei nicht, bzw. nicht im Übermaß, über die Wasseroberflä- che vorragt. The invention is based on a prior art of the described type the task of creating a device for fixing floats, which avoids the aforementioned disadvantages and which is sufficiently robust with the simplest possible structure and in adverse conditions, especially in wind and waves , a safe fixing of floats allowed and not, or not in excess, projecting over the water surface.
Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe dadurch, dass der Pfahl als Teleskoprohr ausgebildet ist ist, wobei der Pfahl derart ausgebildet ist, dass sich die Pfahllänge selbständig den Tidenhubverhältnissen anpasst. The invention solves this problem in that the pile is designed as a telescopic tube, wherein the pile is designed such that the pile length independently adapts to Tidenhubverhältnissen.
Dadurch dass der Pfahl als Teleskoprohr ausgebildet ist und einerends am Grund festlegbar sowie anderends an seinem grundabgewandten Ende mit einemThe fact that the pile is designed as a telescopic tube and at one end fixable at the bottom and the other at its end facing away from the ground with a
Schwimmkörper ausgestattet ist, passt sich die Pfahllänge selbständig problemlos den jeweiligen Tidenhubverhältnissen,aso den Wasserstandsverhältnissen an. Der Pfahl folgt somit hinsichtlich seiner Länge dem Wasserpegel. Der Schwimmkörper schwimmt dabei auf der Wasseroberfläche auf, ohne dass der Pfahl im Übermaß über eine Wasseroberfläche vorragt und bewirkt dabei die Verlagerung des Pfahls in die erforderliche Teleskoplage. Die Pfähle müssen nicht übermäßig, insbesondere gegebenenfalls gar nicht, über der Wasseroberfläche vorragen. Zudem ist bei entsprechender Ausgestaltung der Teleskopführung praktisch kein Spiel zwischen Schwimmkörper, Pfahl und Untergrund erforderlich bzw. vorhan- den, was ein Losschlagen des Pfahles durch widrige Wellen bzw. Windverhältnisse vermeiden hilft. Schwimmkörper wie Schwimmstege, Anlegebojen für Boote bzw. beliebige Schwimmkörper können somit praktisch unsichtbar in idealer Lage gehalten werden, ohne große seitliche Abdriftungen in Kauf nehmen zu müssen. Durch die praktisch spielfreie Führung wird die Haltbarkeit wesentlich erhöht und werden die Wartungskosten erheblich gesenkt. Float is equipped, the pile length independently adapts easily to the respective Tidenhubverhältnissen, aso the water level conditions. The pile thus follows the water level in terms of its length. The float floats on the water surface, without the pile projecting in excess over a water surface and thereby causes the displacement of the pile in the required telescopic position. The piles do not have to protrude excessively, especially possibly not at all, above the water surface. In addition, with appropriate design of the telescopic guide virtually no play between the float, post and substrate required or present, which helps avoid a hit of the pile by adverse waves or wind conditions. Floats such as floating pontoons, berths for boats or any floating body can thus be kept virtually invisible in an ideal location without having to accept large lateral drifts in purchasing. Due to the practically play-free guidance, the durability is significantly increased and the maintenance costs are significantly reduced.
Insbesondere kann es vorgesehen sein, dass der Pfahl an seinem den Grund abgewandten Ende mit einem Schwimmkörper ausgestattet ist, der direkt am Pfahl befestigt ist. Dieser Schwimmkörper kann insbesondere beliebiger Natur sein. Beispielsweise sei näher angeführt, Schwimmstege, Bojen zum Festlegen von Booten oder dgl. In particular, it may be provided that the pile is provided at its end facing away from the bottom with a float, which is attached directly to the post. This float can be in particular of any nature. For example, it should be specified, floating bars, buoys for fixing boats or the like.
Um auf die Vorrichtung einwirkende Kräfte durch Wind- und Wellengang möglichst geringen Grenzen halten zu können, ist es gemäß einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass der entlang der Pfahlachse teleskopierbare Pfahl mit einem die Teleskopbewegung dämpfenden Schwingungsdämpfer ausgestattet sein kann. Dieser Schwingungsdämpfer funktioniert in äquivalenter Weise wie ein Schwingungsdämpfer bei einem Kraftfahrzeug, wobei das dämpfende Material entweder eine mechanisch elastisch deformierbare Dämpfungsmasse, wie bei- spielsweise Polyurethan, ein in einem geschlossenen Kreis geführtes Dämpferöl oder -gas ist bzw. von über entsprechenden Drosselöffnungen in das Pfahlinnere eindringendem Seewasser gebildet sein kann. In order to be able to keep forces acting on the device as low as possible by wind and waves, it is provided according to a development of the invention that the pole telescopic along the pile axis can be equipped with a vibration damper damping the telescopic movement. This vibration damper works in an equivalent way as a vibration damper in a motor vehicle, wherein the damping material is either a mechanically elastically deformable damping mass, such as polyurethane, a damper oil or gas guided in a closed circuit or of corresponding throttle openings in the pile interior penetrating seawater can be formed.
Nach einer besonders vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann der Pfahl mit einer in seiner Ausfahrrichtung wirkenden Hubkraftunterstützung ausgestattet sein. Dies bedeutet insbesondere, dass der dem Pfahlende zugeordnete According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the pile can be equipped with a force acting in its extension direction Hubkraftunterstützung. This means in particular that the assigned to the pile end
Schwimmkörper nicht die gesamte Kraft zum Ausziehen des Teleskoprohres aufbringen muss, sondern dies durch die Hubkraftunterstützung unterstützt werden kann. Diese Hubkraftunterstützung kann beispielsweise ein im Inneren des Pfahls verlagerbares Gegengewicht umfassen, das über ein über eine Umlenkrolle um- gelenktes Zugmittel an einer Teilröhre des Teleskoprohres angreift. Zudem bzw. alternativ dazu kann die Hubkraftunterstützung eine im Pfahlinneren vorgesehene Feder, gegebenenfalls eine Gasdruckfeder, umfassen.  Float does not have to muster all the force to pull out the telescopic tube, but this can be supported by the Hubkraftunterstützung. This lifting force support may comprise, for example, a counterweight which can be displaced in the interior of the pile and which acts on a part-tube of the telescopic tube via a traction means deflected by means of a deflection roller. In addition or alternatively, the Hubkraftunterstützung may include a provided in the pile interior spring, optionally a gas spring.
Zum Festlegen des Pfahles im Untergrund empfiehlt es sich, den Pfahl, der vorzugsweise grundseitig angespitzt ist, in den Grund zu treiben. Dazu wird der Pfahl mittels entsprechender Rammen, Schlageinrichtungen oder dgl. in den Grund getrieben. Zusätzlich bzw. alternativ könnte der Pfahl grundseitig mittels wenigstens eines Flansches am Grund festlegbar sein. Insbesondere bei harten, wie felsigen Gründen bzw. beim Festlegen auf Betonwannen oder dgl. werden die Pfähle vor- zugsweise mittels der Flansche und entsprechender Dübel mit dem Untergrund verschraubt. To set the pile in the underground, it is advisable to drive the pile, which is preferably sharpened on the ground, into the ground. This will be the stake driven by corresponding rams, beaters or the like. In the ground. Additionally or alternatively, the pile could be fixable on the ground side by means of at least one flange at the bottom. The piles are preferably screwed to the substrate by means of the flanges and corresponding dowels, in particular in the case of hard, rocky reasons or when laying on concrete pans or the like.
Um das Teleskoprohr bei Wind- und Wellengang nicht übermäßig mit Querkräften zu belasten ist von Vorteil, wenn der Pfahl wenigstens einerends, gegebenenfalls beiderends, mit einer Kugelkupplung und/oder einem Kreuzgelenk ausgestattet ist. Bei Kugelköpfen können Neigungen von bis zu rund 35°aus einer Mittellage realisiert werden. Kreuzgelenke erlauben bis zu 90°. In order not to overload the telescopic tube in wind and waves with excessive lateral forces is advantageous if the pile is equipped at least one end, possibly at both ends, with a ball coupling and / or a universal joint. For ball heads, inclinations of up to around 35 ° can be realized from a central position. Universal joints allow up to 90 °.
Um den Pfahl besonders sicher verankern zu können bzw. um den Pfahl auch bei besonders widrigen Bodenverhältnissen sicher festlegen zu können, kann es von Vorteil sein, wenn der Pfahl mittels einerends am Pfahl und anderends am Grund angreifender Zugmittel und/oder Pendelstützen abgespannt ist. Zugmittel können Seile, Ketten oder dgl., aber insbesondere auch eine entsprechende Eigendämpfung aufweisende Dämpfungsleinen sein. Die Pendelstützen bestehen beispielsweise aus je einerends am Pfahl und anderends am Grund mittels Beschlägen festgelegten Pendelstützen, die aus zwei ineinander teleskopartig verschiebbaren Stützenteilen bestehen, die gegeneinander durch eine Federeinrichtung sowohl in Zug- als auch in Druckrichtung abgestützt sind, also Zug- und Druckkräfte gefedert und ggf. gedämpft abtragen können. Die Federeinrichtung kann beispielsweise mit Abstand in Stützenlängsrichtung verteilt angeordneten Anschlagkörpern und mit zwischen den Anschlagkörpern vorgesehenen elastomeren Federkörpern ausgestattet sein, wobei die Anschlagkörper die Federkörper mit in Stützenlängsrichtung vorstehenden Anschlagansätzen unter Freilassung eines Aufnahmeraumes übergreifen, dessen Volumen zumindest dem Verdrängungsvolumen der elastomeren Federkörper in der Anschlagstellung der Anschlagkörper entspricht. Projiziert auf den Pfahlquerschnitt gesehen können ein, zwei, drei, vier oder meh- rere Zugmittel und/oder Pendelstützen, insbesondere gleichverteilt um die Pfahllängsachse angeordnet sein, um den Pfahl zu stabilisieren. Kurze Beschreibung der Zeichnung In order to anchor the pile particularly safe and to safely set the pile even in particularly adverse soil conditions, it may be advantageous if the pile is braced by means of one at the stake and the other at the base attacking traction and / or pendulum supports. Pulling means can be ropes, chains or the like, but in particular a corresponding self-damping damping lines. The pendulum supports consist for example of one end of the pile and the other end at the bottom by means of fittings defined pendulum supports, which consist of two telescopically displaceable support parts, which are supported against each other by a spring device in both tension and compression direction, so spring tension and compression forces and if necessary, can remove damped. The spring device can be equipped, for example, at a distance distributed in the longitudinal direction of the support stop bodies and provided with between the stop bodies elastomeric spring bodies, wherein the stop body engage the spring body in the longitudinal direction of the support projecting stop lugs, leaving a receiving space whose volume at least the displacement volume of the elastomeric spring body in the stop position of Stop body corresponds. Projected on the pile cross-section, one, two, three, four or more traction means and / or pendulum supports, in particular evenly distributed around the pile longitudinal axis, can be arranged in order to stabilize the pile. Short description of the drawing
In der Zeichnung ist der Erfindungsgegenstand beispielsweise dargestellt. Es zeigen In the drawing, the subject invention is shown, for example. Show it
Fig. 1 eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung im Querschnitt mit der Darstellung zweier Hublagen,  1 shows a device according to the invention in cross section with the representation of two stroke positions,
Fig. 2 eine Konstruktionsvariante der Vorrichtung aus Fig. 1 ,  2 shows a construction variant of the device of Fig. 1,
Fig. 3 eine weitere Konstruktionsvariante der Vorrichtung aus Fig. 1 und Fig. 2, Fig. 4 eine Vorrichtung mit Hubkraftunterstützung im Querschnitt mit eingefahrenem Teleskoprohr und 3 shows a further construction variant of the device from FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, FIG. 4 shows a device with lifting force support in cross section with retracted telescopic tube and
Fig. 5 die Vorrichtung aus Fig. 4 mit ausgefahrenem Teleskoprohr. Fig. 5 shows the device of Fig. 4 with extended telescopic tube.
Weg zur Ausführung der Erfindung Way to carry out the invention
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Festlegen von Schwimmkörpern 1 , 1 ' umfasst einen einerends am Grund G festlegbaren Pfahl 2 im Bereich dessen anderen Endes der Schwimmkörper 1 , 1 ' festlegbar ist. Gemäß der Erfindung ist der Pfahl als Teleskoprohr ausgebildet, womit insbesondere ein Tidenhub T vorteilhaft ausgeglichen werden kann. Im Ausführungsbeispiel nach den Fig. 1 und 2 ist der Pfahl an seinem den Grund G abgewandten Ende mit einem Schwimmkörper 1 , insbesondere einem Schwimmsteg, ausgestattet. Im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1 ist der Pfahl dabei grundseitig mittels eines Flansches 4 am Grund, einem Felsen bzw. einer Betonwanne, verschraubt. Die diesbezügliche Verschraubung ist nur angedeutet. Im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 2 ist der Pfahl 2 grundseitig angespitzt und in den Grund G getrieben. Zudem ist der Pfahl 2 im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 2 einerends und im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1 beiderends mit einer Kugelkupplung 5 ausgestattet. Der Pfahl 2 kann zudem mittels einerends am Pfahl 2 und anderends am Grund G angreifender Pendelstützen 6, bzw. Zugmittel 7 abgespannt sein. Im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 2 sind zwar keine derartigen Mittel eingezeichnet, diese könnten allerdings naturgemäß bei dieser Konstruktion vorgesehen sein. Im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 3 ist der Schwimmkörper 3 eine Boje, womit die Vorrichtung beispielsweise zur Erzeugung eines Bojenfeldes vorgesehen werden kann. Ein Schiff 1 ' kann dann in üblicherweise mit der Boje bzw. mit dem Pfahl 2 an einem Anschlagmittel 8 festgelegt werden. Im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 4 und 5 ist der Pfahl mit einer Hubkraftunterstützung ausgestattet. Die Hubkraftunterstützung wirkt dabei in Ausfahrrichtung. Dies dient dazu, einen Gewichtsausgleich zu einem beispielsweise auf dem Pfahl aufruhenden Schwimmsteg zu schaffen. Die dargestellte Hubkraftunterstützung umfasst einen im Inneren des Pfahls 2 verlagerbares Gegengewicht 1 1 , das über eine über eine Umlenkrolle 12 umgelenktes Zugmittel 13 an einer Teilröhre 14 des Teleskoprohres des Pfahls 2 angreift. The device according to the invention for securing floating bodies 1, 1 'comprises a pile 2 fixable at one end to the base G in the region of the other end of which the floating body 1, 1' can be fixed. According to the invention, the pile is designed as a telescopic tube, which in particular a Tidenhub T can be compensated advantageous. In the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2, the pile is at its end facing away from the bottom G with a floating body 1, in particular a floating dock, equipped. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the pile is on the ground side by means of a flange 4 at the bottom, a rock or a concrete tub, bolted. The relevant screw connection is only hinted at. In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the pile 2 is sharpened on the bottom side and driven into the bottom G. In addition, the pile 2 in the embodiment of FIG. 2 at one end and in the embodiment of FIG. 1 at both ends with a ball coupling 5 is equipped. The pile 2 can also be tensioned by means of one end of the pile 2 and the other end on the base G attacking pendulum supports 6, or traction means 7. Although no such means are shown in the embodiment of FIG. 2, these could of course be provided in this construction. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the float 3 is a buoy, with which the device can be provided, for example, for generating a buoy field. A ship 1 'can then be fixed to a stop means 8 in usually with the buoy or with the pile 2. In the embodiment of FIGS. 4 and 5, the pile is equipped with a Hubkraftunterstützung. The Hubkraftunterstützung acts in the extension direction. This serves to create a counterweight to a floating example, on the pile floating dock. The illustrated Hubkraftunterstützung comprises a displaceable in the interior of the pile 2 counterweight 1 1, which engages over a deflection roller 12 deflected traction means 13 to a sub-tube 14 of the telescopic tube of the pile 2.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1 . Vorrichtung zum Festlegen von Schwimmkörpern (1 , Γ) mit einem eine- rends an einem Grund (G) festlegbaren Pfahl (2), im Bereich dessen anderen Endes der Schwimmkörper (1 , Γ) festlegbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Pfahl (2) als Teleskoprohr (3) ausgebildet ist, wobei der Pfahl (2) derart ausgebildet ist, dass sich die Pfahllänge selbständig den Tidenhubverhältnissen anpasst. 1 . Device for securing floats (1, Γ) with a pile (2) which can be fixed to a base (G) at the other end, the float (1, Γ) being fixable in the other end, characterized in that the pile (2 ) is formed as a telescopic tube (3), wherein the pile (2) is designed such that the pile length independently adapts to the Tidenhubverhältnissen.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Pfahl (2) an seinem Grund (G) abgewandten Ende mit einem Schwimmkörper (1 , Γ) ausgestattet ist. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the post (2) at its base (G) facing away from the end with a float (1, Γ) is equipped.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der entlang der Pfahlachse (9) teleskopierbare Pfahl (2) mit einem die Teleskopbewegung dämpfenden Schwingungsdämpfer ausgestattet ist. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that along the pile axis (9) telescopic pile (2) is equipped with a telescopic motion damping vibration damper.
4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Pfahl (2) mit einer in seiner Ausfahrrichtung wirkenden Hubkraftunter- Stützung ausgestattet ist. 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the pile (2) is provided with a force acting in its extension Hubkraftunter- support.
5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hubkraftunterstützung ein im inneren des Pfahls (2) verlagerbares Gegengewicht (1 1 ) um- fasst, das über ein über eine Umlenkrolle (12) umgelenktes Zugmittel (13) an einer Teilröhre (14) des Teleskoprohres (3) angreift. 5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the Hubkraftunterstützung a in the interior of the pile (2) displaceable counterweight (1 1) summarizes, which via a deflection roller (12) deflected traction means (13) on a partial tube (14 ) of the telescopic tube (3) acts.
6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hubkraftunterstützung eine im Pfahlinneren vorgesehene Feder, gegebenenfalls eine Gasdruckfeder umfasst. 6. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the Hubkraftunterstützung comprises a provided in the pile interior spring, optionally a gas spring.
7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der vorzugsweise grundseitig angespitzte Pfahl (2) in den Grund (G) getrie- ben ist. 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the preferably grounded on the ground pile (2) in the bottom (G) is driven ben.
8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Pfahl (2) grundseitig mittels wenigstens eines Flansches (4) am Grund (G) festlegbar ist. 8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the pile (2) on the ground side by means of at least one flange (4) at the bottom (G) can be fixed.
9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Pfahl (2) wenigstens einerends mit einer Kugelkupplung (5) und/oder einem Kreuzgelenk ausgestattet ist. 9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the pile (2) is equipped at least one end with a ball coupling (5) and / or a universal joint.
10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Pfahl (2) mittels einerends am Pfahl (2) und anderends am Grund (G) angreifender Pendelstützen (6) und/oder Zugmittel (7) abgespannt ist. 10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the pile (2) by means of one end on the pile (2) and at the other end at the bottom (G) attacking pendulum supports (6) and / or traction means (7) is tensioned.
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WO2016074012A1 (en) 2016-05-19
EP3218254B1 (en) 2019-07-10

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