EP3196458A1 - Fuel injector spray hole - Google Patents

Fuel injector spray hole Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3196458A1
EP3196458A1 EP17152527.2A EP17152527A EP3196458A1 EP 3196458 A1 EP3196458 A1 EP 3196458A1 EP 17152527 A EP17152527 A EP 17152527A EP 3196458 A1 EP3196458 A1 EP 3196458A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
section
inner portion
length
outer portion
cross
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17152527.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3196458B1 (en
Inventor
Junmei Shi
Noureddine GUERASSI
Stephen A. Noyce
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Borgwarner US Technologies LLC
Original Assignee
Delphi International Operations Luxembourg SARL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Delphi International Operations Luxembourg SARL filed Critical Delphi International Operations Luxembourg SARL
Publication of EP3196458A1 publication Critical patent/EP3196458A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3196458B1 publication Critical patent/EP3196458B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F02M61/1833—Discharge orifices having changing cross sections, e.g. being divergent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F02M61/1846—Dimensional characteristics of discharge orifices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/06—Fuel-injection apparatus having means for preventing coking, e.g. of fuel injector discharge orifices or valve needles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fuel injector and more particularly to the shape of injection holes arranged to spray fuel out of the nozzle of the fuel injector.
  • Coking of injection holes is a known problem occurring in fuel injectors.
  • WO2015052031 discloses hole design having divergent tapered outlet portion reducing the hole length. This design has proven to be more suitable for gasoline direct injection injectors where the spray penetration reduction is a major target.
  • Another design alternative is to have low taper and low rounding injection holes to ensure cavitation forming inside the injection hole at all injection conditions.
  • the trade-off is that low taper and low inlet rounding holes usually have low hydraulic efficiency, which is disadvantageous for mixing, fuel economy, and soot emission.
  • Another idea is to use a special injection scheme forcing cavitation to be generated in order to clean the coking forming. For instance, commanding a low needle lift injection event after an interval of regular operation time forces cavitation generation in the injection hole. Fuel economy is a drawback of this injection scheme which can furthermore cause cavitation damage in the injector.
  • a nozzle body of a fuel injector having a generally elongated shape extending along a main axis.
  • the body has a peripheral wall defining an inner blind bore adapted to receive a needle valve, the body extending from a first end wherein opens the bore to a tip end wherein the peripheral wall closes forming a sac volume at the extremity of the bore.
  • the nozzle body is further provided with injection holes arranged through the wall and extending from an inlet opening in the sac, to an outlet opening on the outer face of the wall.
  • At least one of the injection holes comprises an inner portion and an outer portion, said two portions joining together in an intersection zone wherein the cross-section of the inner portion is smaller than the cross-section of the outer portion, so that said intersection area forms a step in the spray hole.
  • intersection zone has a short length, the step being abrupt.
  • the step is a micro step comprised between 1 ⁇ m and 10 ⁇ m, and preferably between 2 ⁇ m and 5 ⁇ m to the radius.
  • the inner portion is tapered, the cross-section of the inlet opening being larger than the cross-section in the intersection zone.
  • the outer portion may be tapered, the cross-section in the intersection zone being larger than the cross section of the outlet opening.
  • the axial length of the inner portion is more than 2.5 time of the diameter of the injection hole outlet section.
  • the length of the inner portion is preferably longer than the length of the outer portion.
  • the length of the inner portion is preferably more than three time longer than the length of the outer portion.
  • At least one of the injection holes comprises several intermediate zones creating several steps such as, said hole comprises an inner portion, a first step, a middle portion, a second step and an outer portion.
  • the invention further extends to a nozzle assembly of a fuel injector, said assembly comprising a nozzle body as described above and a needle valve member axially arranged in the bore of the body.
  • the invention further extends to a fuel injector comprising a nozzle assembly as described above. More particularly the fuel injector may be a diesel fuel injector.
  • a fuel injector 10 extending along a main axis X1 has a nozzle body 12 provided with a plurality of injection holes 14, each hole 14 extending along a hole axis X2 arranged in an axial plan containing the main axis X1.
  • the injection holes 14 are pierced through the peripheral wall 16 of the nozzle body, the holes 14 extending from an inlet opening 18, having inlet cross-section S18, arranged in a sac volume 20 inside the nozzle body 12 to, an outlet opening 22, having cross-section S22, arranged on the outer face 24 of the peripheral wall 16.
  • a section of the injection hole 14 is represented on figures 1 and 2 .
  • the hole 14 has a total length L14 divided in an inner portion 26 having length L26, an outer portion 28 having length L28, said two portions 26, 28, being aligned along the hole axis X2 and joining in an intersection zone 30 where the inner portion 26 has a cross-section SI30 smaller than the cross-section SO30 of the outer portion.
  • This difference in cross-sections creates a step 32 between the inner and outer portions 26, 28, the aim of the step 32 being to disrupt, in use, the fuel flow and to generate wall cavitation and additionally turbulences along the peripheral face 34 of the outer portion 26, said wall cavitation and turbulences cleaning said peripheral face 34 from coking deposit.
  • Figure 2 details the shape of an alternative embodiment of a hole 14 successfully modelled and tested for generating wall cavitation and additionally turbulences and cleaning the outer portion 28 from coking deposition.
  • the length L26 of the inner portion 26 in the axial direction along X2 is more than 2.5 times of the diameter of the outlet section S22.
  • the ratio of the length L26 of the inner portion 26 over the diameter of the outlet section S22 is preferably superior to 2.5.
  • the length L26 of the inner portion 26 is axially X2 longer than the length L28 of the outer portion 28. A ratio of three has provided good results considering that other length ratio smaller than ten have also proven good interest.
  • a ratio of ten positions means that the outer portion 28 is very short, the intermediate zone 30 being in the vicinity of the outlet opening 22, the outer portion 28 being just a tenth of the total length L14.
  • the inner portion 26 is slightly convergent, or tapered, as having the inlet opening 18 cross-section S18 a little larger than the intersection zone 30 opening cross-section SI30.
  • the outer portion 28 is also slightly convergent, or tapered, the section of said outer portion diminishing from the cross-section SO30 in the intersection zone to the cross-section S22 of the outlet opening 22.
  • the shape of the hole 14 may have a portions lengths ratio L26/L28 larger than five, meaning the outer portion is quite short relative to the inner portion, and a ratio of the outer portion length over the outlet section diameter L28/S22 not larger than 1.5.
  • the outer portion 28 can be parallel or even slightly divergent, with a taper smaller than 3 degrees, without significant disadvantage to the hydraulic efficiency of the nozzle or to the fuel spray momentum concentration.
  • the step 32 of one to ten, but preferably two to five micrometers to the radius has proven to be efficient.
  • the difference in diameters between the sections SI30, SO30 of the two portions 26, 28, joining in the intermediate zone 30 is comprised between two to twenty, but preferably four and ten micrometers ( ⁇ m).
  • the intermediate zone 30 is represented conical but, considering a general hole diameter of approximately 100 ⁇ m and a step of few microns, the intermediate zone 30 can be any abrupt shape provided said step generates the required wall cavitation and additional turbulences.
  • abrupt is to be interpreted as the length of the intermediate zone 30 should be as small as possible, the sum of the lengths L26, L28, of the inner and outer portions being as close to the total length L14 of the hole.
  • the injection hole 14 can be provided with several intermediate zones creating several steps 32.
  • the hole 14 could have an inner portion, a first step, a middle portion, a second step and an outer portion, each step generating, in use, wall cavitation that would clean the following hole portion.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

A nozzle body (12) of a fuel injector (10) extending along a main axis (X1), the body having a peripheral wall (16) defining an inner blind bore adapted to receive a needle valve, the body extending toward a tip end wherein the peripheral wall closes forming a sac (20) volume. The nozzle body (12) is further provided with injection holes (14) arranged through the wall (16), the injection holes (14) comprising an inner portion (26) and an outer portion (28) joining together in an intersection zone wherein the inner portion is smaller than the outer portion, so that said intersection area forms a step.

Description

    TECHNICAL FIELD
  • The present invention relates to a fuel injector and more particularly to the shape of injection holes arranged to spray fuel out of the nozzle of the fuel injector.
    • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • Coking of injection holes is a known problem occurring in fuel injectors.
  • Many engineering efforts have been dedicated to resolving the injection hole coking problem, but the problem is still not fully resolved. Some of them are described below:
    • Coating the holes with a thin anti-coking film has been tested but has proven to be quickly damaged in a hot engine.
  • Also, WO2015052031 discloses hole design having divergent tapered outlet portion reducing the hole length. This design has proven to be more suitable for gasoline direct injection injectors where the spray penetration reduction is a major target.
  • Another design alternative is to have low taper and low rounding injection holes to ensure cavitation forming inside the injection hole at all injection conditions. The trade-off is that low taper and low inlet rounding holes usually have low hydraulic efficiency, which is disadvantageous for mixing, fuel economy, and soot emission.
  • Another idea is to use a special injection scheme forcing cavitation to be generated in order to clean the coking forming. For instance, commanding a low needle lift injection event after an interval of regular operation time forces cavitation generation in the injection hole. Fuel economy is a drawback of this injection scheme which can furthermore cause cavitation damage in the injector.
    • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to resolve the above mentioned problems in providing a nozzle body of a fuel injector, the body having a generally elongated shape extending along a main axis. The body has a peripheral wall defining an inner blind bore adapted to receive a needle valve, the body extending from a first end wherein opens the bore to a tip end wherein the peripheral wall closes forming a sac volume at the extremity of the bore. The nozzle body is further provided with injection holes arranged through the wall and extending from an inlet opening in the sac, to an outlet opening on the outer face of the wall.
  • Advantageously, in order to provide a hole design with high Cd and low coking deposit by generating wall cavitation in the injection hole, at least one of the injection holes comprises an inner portion and an outer portion, said two portions joining together in an intersection zone wherein the cross-section of the inner portion is smaller than the cross-section of the outer portion, so that said intersection area forms a step in the spray hole.
  • Particularly, the intersection zone has a short length, the step being abrupt.
  • Also, the step is a micro step comprised between 1 µm and 10 µm, and preferably between 2 µm and 5 µm to the radius.
  • In an embodiment, the inner portion is tapered, the cross-section of the inlet opening being larger than the cross-section in the intersection zone.
  • Also, the outer portion may be tapered, the cross-section in the intersection zone being larger than the cross section of the outlet opening.
  • Also, the axial length of the inner portion is more than 2.5 time of the diameter of the injection hole outlet section.
  • Also, the length of the inner portion is preferably longer than the length of the outer portion. Particularly, the length of the inner portion is preferably more than three time longer than the length of the outer portion.
  • In another embodiment, at least one of the injection holes comprises several intermediate zones creating several steps such as, said hole comprises an inner portion, a first step, a middle portion, a second step and an outer portion.
  • The invention further extends to a nozzle assembly of a fuel injector, said assembly comprising a nozzle body as described above and a needle valve member axially arranged in the bore of the body.
  • The invention further extends to a fuel injector comprising a nozzle assembly as described above. More particularly the fuel injector may be a diesel fuel injector.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • The present invention is described by way of non-limiting example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
    • Figure 1 is an section of a nozzle of a fuel injector, the section plan passing through an injection hole.
    • Figure 2 is a schematic view of the injection hole.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
  • A fuel injector 10 extending along a main axis X1 has a nozzle body 12 provided with a plurality of injection holes 14, each hole 14 extending along a hole axis X2 arranged in an axial plan containing the main axis X1. The injection holes 14 are pierced through the peripheral wall 16 of the nozzle body, the holes 14 extending from an inlet opening 18, having inlet cross-section S18, arranged in a sac volume 20 inside the nozzle body 12 to, an outlet opening 22, having cross-section S22, arranged on the outer face 24 of the peripheral wall 16.
  • A section of the injection hole 14 is represented on figures 1 and 2. As can be seen, the hole 14 has a total length L14 divided in an inner portion 26 having length L26, an outer portion 28 having length L28, said two portions 26, 28, being aligned along the hole axis X2 and joining in an intersection zone 30 where the inner portion 26 has a cross-section SI30 smaller than the cross-section SO30 of the outer portion. This difference in cross-sections creates a step 32 between the inner and outer portions 26, 28, the aim of the step 32 being to disrupt, in use, the fuel flow and to generate wall cavitation and additionally turbulences along the peripheral face 34 of the outer portion 26, said wall cavitation and turbulences cleaning said peripheral face 34 from coking deposit.
  • Figure 2 details the shape of an alternative embodiment of a hole 14 successfully modelled and tested for generating wall cavitation and additionally turbulences and cleaning the outer portion 28 from coking deposition. Preferably, the length L26 of the inner portion 26 in the axial direction along X2 is more than 2.5 times of the diameter of the outlet section S22. In other words, the ratio of the length L26 of the inner portion 26 over the diameter of the outlet section S22 is preferably superior to 2.5. Preferably, the length L26 of the inner portion 26 is axially X2 longer than the length L28 of the outer portion 28. A ratio of three has provided good results considering that other length ratio smaller than ten have also proven good interest. A ratio closer to one substantially positions the intermediate zone 30 in the middle of the hole, the turbulences created by the step 32 having to propagate along the length L28 of the outer portion that is half the total length L14 of the hole. To the other end a ratio of ten positions means that the outer portion 28 is very short, the intermediate zone 30 being in the vicinity of the outlet opening 22, the outer portion 28 being just a tenth of the total length L14.
  • Furthermore, the inner portion 26 is slightly convergent, or tapered, as having the inlet opening 18 cross-section S18 a little larger than the intersection zone 30 opening cross-section SI30. The outer portion 28 is also slightly convergent, or tapered, the section of said outer portion diminishing from the cross-section SO30 in the intersection zone to the cross-section S22 of the outlet opening 22.
  • Alternatively, the shape of the hole 14 may have a portions lengths ratio L26/L28 larger than five, meaning the outer portion is quite short relative to the inner portion, and a ratio of the outer portion length over the outlet section diameter L28/S22 not larger than 1.5. In that alternative, the outer portion 28 can be parallel or even slightly divergent, with a taper smaller than 3 degrees, without significant disadvantage to the hydraulic efficiency of the nozzle or to the fuel spray momentum concentration. In term of dimensions, the step 32 of one to ten, but preferably two to five micrometers to the radius has proven to be efficient. In other words, provided a generally circular cross-section of the hole 14, the difference in diameters between the sections SI30, SO30 of the two portions 26, 28, joining in the intermediate zone 30 is comprised between two to twenty, but preferably four and ten micrometers (µm).
  • In the figures the intermediate zone 30 is represented conical but, considering a general hole diameter of approximately 100µm and a step of few microns, the intermediate zone 30 can be any abrupt shape provided said step generates the required wall cavitation and additional turbulences. In other words, abrupt is to be interpreted as the length of the intermediate zone 30 should be as small as possible, the sum of the lengths L26, L28, of the inner and outer portions being as close to the total length L14 of the hole.
  • In an alternative not represented, the injection hole 14 can be provided with several intermediate zones creating several steps 32. For instance, the hole 14 could have an inner portion, a first step, a middle portion, a second step and an outer portion, each step generating, in use, wall cavitation that would clean the following hole portion.
    • LIST OF REFERENCES
    • X1
    main axis
    X2
    hole axis
    S18
    inlet section
    S22
    outlet section
    L14
    total length of the hole
    L26
    length of the inner portion
    L28
    length of the outer portion
    SI30
    section of the inner portion by the intersection zone
    SO30
    section of the outer portion by the intersection zone
    10
    fuel injector
    12
    nozzle body
    14
    injection holes
    16
    wall
    18
    inlet opening
    20
    sac
    22
    outlet opening
    24
    outer face of the nozzle
    26
    inner portion
    28
    outer portion
    30
    intersection zone
    32
    step
    34
    peripheral face of the outer portion

Claims (10)

  1. Nozzle body (12) of a fuel injector (10), said body having a generally elongated shape extending along a main axis (X1), the body having a peripheral wall (16) defining an inner blind bore adapted to receive a needle valve, the body extending from a first end wherein opens the bore to a tip end wherein the peripheral wall closes forming a sac (20) volume at the extremity of the bore, the nozzle body (12) being further provided with injection holes (14) arranged through the wall (16) and extending from an inlet opening (18) in the sac (20), to an outlet opening (22) on the outer face (24) of the wall,
    characterised in that
    at least one of the injection holes (14) comprises an inner portion (26) and an outer portion (28), said two portions joining together in a short length intersection zone (30) wherein the cross-section (SI30) of the inner portion is smaller than the cross-section (SO30) of the outer portion, so that said intersection area forms an abrupt step (32) in the spray hole (14) and wherein,
    said step (32) is a micro step comprised between 1µm and 10µm, and preferably between 2µm and 5µm to the radius.
  2. Body (12) as claimed in the preceding claim wherein the inner portion (26) is tapered, the cross-section (S18) of the inlet opening being larger than the cross-section (SI30) in the intersection zone.
  3. Body (12) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the outer portion (28) is tapered, the cross-section (SO30) in the intersection zone being larger than the cross section (S22) of the outlet opening.
  4. Body (12) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the axial length (L26) of the inner portion (26) is more than 2.5 time the diameter of the injection hole outlet section S22.
  5. Body (12) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the length (L26) of the inner portion (26) is longer (L26) than the length (L28) of the outer portion (28).
  6. Body (12) as claimed in claim 5 wherein the length (L26) of the inner portion (26) is preferably more than three time longer (L26) than the length (L28) of the outer portion (28).
  7. Body (12) as claimed in claim 1 wherein at least one of the injection holes (14) comprises several intermediate zones creating several steps (32) such as, said hole (14) comprises an inner portion (26), a first step (32), a middle portion, a second step (32) and an outer portion (28).
  8. Nozzle assembly of a fuel injector (10), said assembly comprising a nozzle body (12) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims and a needle valve member axially (X1) arranged in the bore of the body (12).
  9. Fuel injector (10) comprising a nozzle assembly as claimed in claim 8.
  10. Fuel injector (10) as claimed in claim 9, the injector being a diesel fuel injector.
EP17152527.2A 2016-01-22 2017-01-20 Fuel injector spray hole Active EP3196458B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB1601184.3A GB201601184D0 (en) 2016-01-22 2016-01-22 Fuel injector spray hole

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3196458A1 true EP3196458A1 (en) 2017-07-26
EP3196458B1 EP3196458B1 (en) 2019-11-13

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ID=55534767

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17152527.2A Active EP3196458B1 (en) 2016-01-22 2017-01-20 Fuel injector spray hole

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EP (1) EP3196458B1 (en)
GB (1) GB201601184D0 (en)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2862719A1 (en) * 2003-11-21 2005-05-27 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injector for internal combustion engine, has two discharge ports, where angle between axis of each port and tangent to surface of valve seat body is different, and angle between axis of each port and longitudinal axis of body is same
DE102005019580A1 (en) * 2004-04-28 2005-11-24 Denso Corp., Kariya Fuel injection nozzle for direct injection type diesel engine, comprises enlarged intermediate portion of specific maximum diameter formed between nozzle inlet and exit ports of minimum diameter such that specific condition is satisfied
US20120138712A1 (en) * 2010-12-02 2012-06-07 Hyundai Motor Company Injector for vehicle
WO2013145451A1 (en) * 2012-03-26 2013-10-03 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 Spark-ignition type cylinder injection valve
WO2015052031A1 (en) 2013-10-10 2015-04-16 Continental Automotive Gmbh Nozzle element for an injection valve, and injection valve

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2862719A1 (en) * 2003-11-21 2005-05-27 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injector for internal combustion engine, has two discharge ports, where angle between axis of each port and tangent to surface of valve seat body is different, and angle between axis of each port and longitudinal axis of body is same
DE102005019580A1 (en) * 2004-04-28 2005-11-24 Denso Corp., Kariya Fuel injection nozzle for direct injection type diesel engine, comprises enlarged intermediate portion of specific maximum diameter formed between nozzle inlet and exit ports of minimum diameter such that specific condition is satisfied
US20120138712A1 (en) * 2010-12-02 2012-06-07 Hyundai Motor Company Injector for vehicle
WO2013145451A1 (en) * 2012-03-26 2013-10-03 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 Spark-ignition type cylinder injection valve
WO2015052031A1 (en) 2013-10-10 2015-04-16 Continental Automotive Gmbh Nozzle element for an injection valve, and injection valve

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3196458B1 (en) 2019-11-13
GB201601184D0 (en) 2016-03-09

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