EP3183897B1 - Method and device for detecting a number of user terminals - Google Patents
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- EP3183897B1 EP3183897B1 EP14755628.6A EP14755628A EP3183897B1 EP 3183897 B1 EP3183897 B1 EP 3183897B1 EP 14755628 A EP14755628 A EP 14755628A EP 3183897 B1 EP3183897 B1 EP 3183897B1
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- user terminal
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 53
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012854 evaluation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
- H04W36/0083—Determination of parameters used for hand-off, e.g. generation or modification of neighbour cell lists
- H04W36/00837—Determination of triggering parameters for hand-off
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
- G08G1/0108—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data
- G08G1/012—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data from other sources than vehicle or roadside beacons, e.g. mobile networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
- H04W4/021—Services related to particular areas, e.g. point of interest [POI] services, venue services or geofences
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
- H04W4/025—Services making use of location information using location based information parameters
- H04W4/027—Services making use of location information using location based information parameters using movement velocity, acceleration information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
- H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
- H04W52/28—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using user profile, e.g. mobile speed, priority or network state, e.g. standby, idle or non transmission
- H04W52/283—Power depending on the position of the mobile
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
- H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
- H04W74/004—Transmission of channel access control information in the uplink, i.e. towards network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
- H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
- H04W74/006—Transmission of channel access control information in the downlink, i.e. towards the terminal
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
- H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
- H04W74/008—Transmission of channel access control information with additional processing of random access related information at receiving side
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/08—Reselecting an access point
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/08—Reselecting an access point
- H04W36/083—Reselecting an access point wherein at least one of the access points is a moving node
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a method for detecting a number of user terminals, each of said user terminals comprising a receiver unit, a transmitter unit and a control unit arranged to control said receiver unit and transmitter unit, each of said user terminals also being associated with a wireless communication network comprising a plurality of network cells, each being equipped with a node.
- the method comprises detecting communication between each of said user terminals and an associated node of said wireless communication network.
- the present disclosure also relates to a detector device for detecting a number of user terminals, each of said user terminals comprising a receiver unit, a transmitter unit and a control unit arranged to control said receiver unit and transmitter unit, each of said user terminals also being associated with a wireless communication network comprising a plurality of network cells, each being equipped with a node, said detector device further comprising a detector unit configured for detecting communication between each of said user terminals and an associated node of said wireless communication network.
- Another solution to the above-mentioned problem is to utilize a mechanical turnstile which is arranged so that individuals can pass through. Every turn on the turnstile can then be registered as a count of a person passing.
- Such a solution is reliable but slow and ineffective, and also requires mechanical equipment in the form of such a turnstile.
- Another disadvantage is that the count of individuals may only occur at one single predetermined place, i.e. where the turnstile is located.
- a further solution is to use suitable sensors for detecting passages of individuals, for example sensors based on infrared technology.
- sensors for example sensors based on infrared technology.
- a sensor-based solution is technically complex and difficult to implement. It also requires a relatively high amount of hardware, i.e. sensors, communication devices, evaluation and control units.
- Yet another solution is to use video cameras which are connected to automatic image recognition systems, which in turn are arranged so as to count the number of passing persons.
- video cameras which are connected to automatic image recognition systems, which in turn are arranged so as to count the number of passing persons.
- detection of individuals by means of video cameras can be considered as violating the personal integrity.
- the document WO 2009/022837 relates to a method for controlling an uplink connection of an idle UE in a wireless communication system, and checking the number of UEs that attempt to receive a specific service in order to determine an optimal scheme for providing a broadcast/multicast service.
- the document EP 2693807 relates to a method for a terminal to execute a handover in a mobile communication system.
- the method comprises receiving a handover command from a target base station, transmitting a random access preamble to the target base station and receiving a response random access response from the target base station.
- This object is obtained by means of a method for detecting a number of user terminals, each of said user terminals comprising a receiver unit, a transmitter unit and a control unit arranged to control said receiver unit and transmitter unit, each of said user terminals also being associated with a wireless communication network comprising a plurality of network cells, each being equipped with a node.
- the method comprises detecting communication between each of said user terminals and an associated node of said wireless communication network.
- the method comprises: detecting a first control message being transmitted from a user terminal; detecting a second control message being transmitted from a node, said second control message being associated with the first control message where the control messages occur during initial access or during handover, where the method further comprises increasing a counter representing said number of user terminals based on detection of transmission of said control messages.
- the control messages either are used for implementing a hand-over of a user terminal or related to a process in which a user terminal (8a) obtains initial access to the wireless communication network.
- an advantage is obtained since the above-mentioned method constitutes a cost-effective way of collecting data which can be used for providing statistical information regarding the travelling behavior of a group of individuals. Furthermore, the method can be carried out generally with existing equipment which forms part of a wireless communication network, which makes the method easy to implement from a technical point of view. Also, the method is user-friendly since it does not require any active measures to be taken by the individuals being detected.
- the method comprises detecting said control messages in the form of an indication of a handover of said user terminal from a first network cell to a second network cell.
- the method involves the use of control messages which are used for implementing a hand-over of a user terminal, which for example may occur when an individual using the user terminal travels from one network cell to an adjacent network cell.
- the method comprises detecting said control messages in the form of an indication of completion of an initial access of said user terminal to a network cell.
- Such an initial access situation is consequently a further useful situation which involves control messages which can be detected.
- Said object is also obtained by means of a detector device for detecting a number of user terminals, each of said user terminals comprising a receiver unit, a transmitter unit and a control unit arranged to control said receiver unit and transmitter unit, each of said user terminals also being associated with a wireless communication network comprising a plurality of network cells, each being equipped with a node.
- the detector device further comprises a detector unit configured for detecting communication between each of said user terminals and an associated node of said wireless communication network.
- the detector unit is configured for detecting a first control message being transmitted from a user terminal and for detecting a second control message being transmitted from a node, said second control message being associated with the first control message and where the control messages occur during initial access or during handover; wherein said detector device further comprises a counter unit representing said number of user terminals based on detection of a transmission of said control messages.
- the control messages either are used for implementing a hand-over of a user terminal or related to a process in which a user terminal obtains initial access to the wireless communication network.
- a wireless communication network 1 which comprises a first cell 2 and a second cell 3, each of which corresponds to a certain geographic cell area, as schematically indicated by means of circles in Fig. 1 .
- the first cell 2 has a first node in the form of a first base station 4, i.e. comprising a first transceiver arrangement in the first cell 2.
- the second cell 3 has a second node in the form of a second base station 5, i.e. comprising a second transceiver arrangement in the second cell 3.
- a base station in a wireless communication network such as the first node 4 or the second node 5 can be referred to as an "eNodeB".
- LTE Long-Term Evolution
- E-UTRAN Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio-access Network
- Each eNodeB is interconnected with each other by means of the X2 interface.
- the eNodeBs are also connected by means of the S1 interface to the EPC (Evolved Packet Core), more specifically to an MME (Mobility Management Entity) by means of the S1-MME and to a Serving Gateway (S-GW) by means of the S1-U.
- EPC Evolved Packet Core
- MME Mobility Management Entity
- S-GW Serving Gateway
- a vehicle 6 carrying a number of passengers is travelling in an area covered by the first cell 2.
- the vehicle 6 is constituted by a bus or a similar vehicle which forms part of a public transportation network.
- a user terminal such as a mobile phone, a table computer or similar device.
- the wireless communication network 1 is arranged to provide wireless communication services to these user terminals 8a, 8b, which are referred to as "user equipment” or "UE” in 3GPP (3 rd Generation Partnership Project) terminology.
- the term "user terminal” will be used in the following in order to describe such devices.
- the user terminals 8a, 8b are constituted by mobile units such as mobile telephones, wireless tablet computer or similar devices.
- the number of user terminals 8a, 8b may vary.
- the number of individuals which are travelling on a bus in a public transport system may be in the magnitude of 30-50. This means that there will be approximately the same number of user terminals on the bus.
- the term "individual” refers to physical persons. Today, it can be expected that virtually all persons carry a mobile device such as a mobile telephone or a tablet computer during for example travelling. This disclosure consequently relates to situations in which a certain number of individuals carry a user terminal during travelling.
- Fig. 1 describes in a schematic manner that the vehicle 6 is travelling within the first cell 2 in a direction as indicated by means of an arrow 7. It is here assumed that the vehicle 6 is travelling from a first position, as indicated with continuous line, and further to a second position, as indicated with broken lines in Fig. 1 .
- the second position of the vehicle 6 is indicated by means of reference numeral 6a.
- the second position 6a is located within the second cell 3, i.e. which is served by the second node 5.
- the user terminals 8a, 8b are initially located in the first cell 2, it can be assumed that they are connected to the mobile communication network 1 via the first node 4, as indicated schematically in Fig. 1 .
- the user terminals 8a, 8b may be used for wireless traffic, for example in the form of telephone calls or data communication, within the wireless communication network 1.
- each one of the two cells 2, 3 in the network 1 uses a separate set of frequencies in order to allow connections of user terminals with each cell 2, 3. In this manner, communication may be established generally without interference with neighboring cells.
- handover or handoff
- a typical handover situation occurs when a user terminal - which is in communication with a "source" node - moves to a new cell being associated with a "target” node. A new channel will then be selected for the user terminal which is associated with the "target” node. The user terminal will then be switched to the new channel while communication is still in progress.
- an intra E-UTRAN handover process follows a set of steps in order to transfer a user terminal from a source node to a target node using the X2 protocol.
- MME Mobility Management Entity
- Serving GW Serving Gateway
- the handover procedure involves transmission of certain control messages in order to establish a switch from a source node to a target node. More precisely, such a control message is the Random Access Preamble, which is selected by the user terminal and transmitted to the target node.
- the target node may then send a response by transmitting a "Random Access Response" to the user terminal.
- the next transmission link with the target node may then be established so that the communication may proceed through the target node.
- a method will now be described for detecting a number of user terminals 8a, 8b which are associated with the wireless communication network 1, which comprises a number of network cells 2, 3, each having a node 4, 5, by detecting communication between the user terminals 8a, 8b and an associated node 4, 5.
- detection of certain control messages is used in order to verify communication involving a user terminal, for example during a handover process. In this way, by detecting such control messages, an indication of the presence of a user terminal can be obtained.
- a first control message transmitted from the user terminal 8a and a second control message from a corresponding target node 5 are detected, wherein the first and second control messages are associated with each other in a manner such as the Random Access Preamble and the Random Access Response. These two messages are used during a handover procedure in order to verify the new connection with the target node.
- a number of user terminals moving from one cell to another can be observed by detecting the occurrence of such control messages during handover for each user terminal.
- the number of user terminals being detected is furthermore an indication of the actual number of individuals travelling from one area to another while carrying their user terminals.
- the actual number of user terminals may not be exactly the same as the number of individuals (since some of the individuals may not carry any user terminal, or some user terminals may be switched off etc.), but the number of user terminals detected is a relatively precise measure of the number of individuals travelling as described above. This is due to the widespread use of mobile units such as mobile telephones, i.e. it can be expected that virtually every individual person carries their own mobile unit while travelling on the vehicle 6.
- Fig. 2 shows a detector device 9 which can be used for detection of control messages.
- Fig. 2 shows a user terminal 8a and the first node 4.
- the communication between the detector device 9, the user terminal 8a and the node 4 will now be further described.
- the user terminal 8a comprises a receiver unit 10, a transmitter unit 11 and also a control unit 12 which is arranged to control said receiver unit 10 and transmitter unit 11.
- the detector device 9 comprises a detector unit 13, a transmitter unit 14 and a control unit 15 for controlling the detector unit 13 and the transmitter unit 14.
- the detector device 9 is arranged for detecting traffic both on the uplink frequency and on the downlink frequency in its associated cell.
- the control unit 15 also comprises a counter 15a which contains information related to a number of user terminals which have been detected as described above, i.e. by detecting a first control message from the user terminal 8a and then a second control message from a corresponding node 4.
- the user terminal 8a is arranged to communicate with the wireless communication network 1 in accordance with known principles based for example on the E-UTRAN architecture for radio access networks.
- the detector device 9 is arranged so as to be carried by the vehicle 6.
- the detector device 9 will consequently be positioned sufficiently close to the user terminals 8a, 8b in order to detect the above-mentioned control messages being transmitted between the user terminals 8a, 8b and the relevant nodes 4, 5.
- the detector device 9 is configured for detecting transmission between the user terminals 8a, 8b (see Fig. 1 ) and the nodes 4, 5, i.e. for being in an active condition in which it may receive signals from the user terminals 8a, 8b. This corresponds to step 16 in Fig. 3 .
- the detector device 9 will be configured to detect the above-mentioned control messages. It is here assumed that the user terminals 8a, 8b are active, i.e. that communication via data and/or voice is in progress and in communication with the first base station 4, as also shown in Fig. 1 .
- the detector device 9 will first detect a first control message in the form of a Random Access Preamble message (step 17) and then detect its response, i.e. the Random Access Response message (step 18). If these two control messages are received by the detector device 9, this will be an indication that the user terminal in question has gone through a handover process and that the user terminal has been switched from the first cell 2 to the second cell 3. This is also an indication that a particular individual who carries the user terminal has moved (by travelling on the vehicle 6) from the first cell 2 to the second cell 3.
- the control unit 15 in the detector device 9 will increase the counter 15a which represents the number of detected user terminals 8a, 8b (step 19 in Fig. 3 ).
- control unit 15 may be configured for a suitable form of evaluation of the detected control messages. This is indicated by means of reference numeral 20 in Fig. 3 . Certain criteria can then be used for determining whether the counter 15a should be incremented. For example, the following criteria can be used:
- the above-mentioned criteria require measurements in the form of a distance, speed and power. These can be determined by from received signals from the user terminal. For example, the physical characteristics of the received "Random Access Preamble" can be used for calculating such measurements.
- the evaluation process (step 20) can consequently be used in an optional manner to determine whether the counter 15a should be increased after receipt of the first and second control messages.
- the control unit 15 is used to analyze whether applicable criteria are fulfilled in order to initiate an increase of the counter 15a.
- Fig. 4 is a flowchart involving a user terminal 8a, a first node 4 (i.e. a "source” node) and a second node 5 (a "target” node).
- the user terminal 8a is connected to the first node 4, i.e. there is communication in progress between the user terminal 8a and the first node 4. This is indicated by means of a step for transmitting packet data (step 21 in Fig. 4 ) between the source node 4 and the user terminal 8a.
- uplink allocation of transmission resources is provided by the first node 4 (step 22).
- the user terminal 8a sends a measurement report 23 involving, for example, data indicating that the conditions for handover are fulfilled (step 23).
- the next step is that the first node 4 makes a handover decision, based on the measurement report, to initiate a handover (step 24) and then issues a handover request message to the second node 5 (step 25) in order to prepare said second node 5 for the handover.
- the second node 5 then configures the required resources and replies by sending a handover request acknowledge message (step 26).
- a downlink allocation message is sent to the user terminal 8a (step 27) and also a RRC Connection Reconfiguration message (step 28), in order to establish radio bearers, transfer configuration information and prepare for the actual handover. Furthermore, a Status Transfer message is sent from the source node 4 (step 29) to the target node 5 to convey receiver and transmitter status information. A Data Forwarding step is also carried out (step 30) involving configuration information transmitted from the source node 4 to the target node 5.
- the next step in the process is that the user terminal 8a sends a request to be synchronized with the network via the target node 5 (step 31).
- a request is carried out via a channel referred to as PRACH (Physical Random Access Channel).
- PRACH Physical Random Access Channel
- a request is sent in the form of a Radio Access Preamble.
- the target node 5 calculates a timing advance (in order to configure future communication from the user terminal 8a to the node with correct timing) and sends a Random Access Response to the user terminal 8a (step 32).
- the Random Access Response is carried by the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH).
- PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel
- This Random Access Response contains, among other information, the detected preamble index and the estimated timing advance.
- the user terminal 8a responds by sending a RRC Connection Reconfiguration Complete message (step 33) in order to confirm the handover to the target node 5.
- packet data can be sent between the user terminal 8a and the target node 5 (step 34).
- the detector device 9 (see Figs. 1 and 2 ) is configured for detecting both the Random Access Preamble and Random Access Response messages and for increasing the counter 15a based on receipt of these messages.
- the detector unit 9 is configured for detecting control messages related to a process in which a user terminal 8a obtains initial access to the wireless communication network. Such a situation may occur for example when the user terminal 8a is switched on or when reception is restored after being in a certain area without any connection.
- This aspect of the disclosure is also based on a method in which a first control message from the user terminal 8a and a second control message from a corresponding node 4 are detected, and also wherein the counter 15a representing a number of user terminals is increased based on detection of said control messages.
- PSS Primary Synchronization Signal
- PBCH Physical Broadcast Channel
- the user terminal 8a will send a Random Access Preamble message on the Physical Random Access Channel (step 38).
- This control message is chosen as one out of 64 preamble index.
- the preamble to transmit is chosen randomly as a preamble index within the user terminal 8a.
- the node 4 will respond by transmitting its Random Access Response (step 39), including timing adjustment information, detected preamble index and similar system information.
- This message is sent on the Physical Downlink Shared Channel.
- the user terminal 8a sends identity information in order to confirm the RRC connection on the Physical Uplink Shared Channel, PUSCH (step 40).
- Fig. 5 describes an access procedure involving possible contention resolution, i.e. a procedure in which more than one user terminal requests the same resources via their Random Access Preamble messages, and the node 5 sends a Contention Resolution Message on the Physical Downlink Shared Channel, PDSCH (step 41).
- user data is transmitted on the Physical Downlink Shared Channel, PDSCH, and the Physical Uplink Shared Channel, PUSCH (step 42).
- the aspect shown in Fig. 5 is based on the concept that control messages in the form of the Random Access Preamble (step 38) and the Random Access Response (step 39) are detected and used for increasing the counter 15a in the control unit 9 shown in Fig. 2 .
- the disclosure has now been explained with reference to situations involving detection of control messages which occur during initial access and during handover.
- the purpose of the method and device described is to provide a means of registering the number of user terminals 8a, 8b carried by the vehicle 6, which number generally corresponds to the number of individuals which are travelling with said vehicle 6.
- the information which is obtained as described can be used in a number of ways, for example as a measure of the number of passengers on certain vehicles along particular routes. Such information can be of use during planning of traffic routes, allocation of public transport vehicles etc. Such information can also be of use in a general manner for studying patterns of travelling of a certain group of persons.
- the detector device 9 comprises a transmitter unit 14 in order to communicate with the wireless communication network 1, so as to be able to deliver the acquired information to clients and involved parties.
- the detector device 9 can be positioned on a travelling vehicle as explained above. Alternatively, it can be placed in a fixed position and be arranged for detecting a number of user terminals which are passing by said detector device.
- the functions or steps noted in the blocks can occur out of the order noted in the operational illustrations. Also, the functions or steps noted in the blocks can according to some aspects of the disclosure be executed continuously in a loop.
- the drawings and specification there have been disclosed exemplary aspects of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure should be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive, and not as being limited to the particular aspects discussed above. Accordingly, although specific terms are employed, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
Description
- The present disclosure relates to a method for detecting a number of user terminals, each of said user terminals comprising a receiver unit, a transmitter unit and a control unit arranged to control said receiver unit and transmitter unit, each of said user terminals also being associated with a wireless communication network comprising a plurality of network cells, each being equipped with a node. The method comprises detecting communication between each of said user terminals and an associated node of said wireless communication network.
- The present disclosure also relates to a detector device for detecting a number of user terminals, each of said user terminals comprising a receiver unit, a transmitter unit and a control unit arranged to control said receiver unit and transmitter unit, each of said user terminals also being associated with a wireless communication network comprising a plurality of network cells, each being equipped with a node, said detector device further comprising a detector unit configured for detecting communication between each of said user terminals and an associated node of said wireless communication network.
- In many fields of technology, for example transportation systems and road traffic planning, there is a desire to obtain information related to a number of individuals who are travelling along a specified route. Such information can be of assistance for example during design of public transportation systems, for dimensioning traffic routes and for coordinating bus and train schedules, and also for obtaining statistic information regarding trends and changes related to people's travel behavior. In particular, such information can be vital for planning and evaluating transport systems.
- In particular, there is a need for reliable information related to the number of passengers travelling on vehicles such as buses and trains forming part of a public transportation system. In this manner, passenger traffic can be analyzed by counting the number of passengers travelling on different routes.
- The above-mentioned problem can be solved manually by counting travelers on buses, trains and other means of public transportation. However, a manual method requires staff which is assigned to the task of actually counting the travellers. Consequently, such a method is expensive and complicated to implement.
- Another solution to the above-mentioned problem is to utilize a mechanical turnstile which is arranged so that individuals can pass through. Every turn on the turnstile can then be registered as a count of a person passing. Such a solution is reliable but slow and ineffective, and also requires mechanical equipment in the form of such a turnstile. Another disadvantage is that the count of individuals may only occur at one single predetermined place, i.e. where the turnstile is located.
- A further solution is to use suitable sensors for detecting passages of individuals, for example sensors based on infrared technology. However, such a sensor-based solution is technically complex and difficult to implement. It also requires a relatively high amount of hardware, i.e. sensors, communication devices, evaluation and control units.
- Yet another solution is to use video cameras which are connected to automatic image recognition systems, which in turn are arranged so as to count the number of passing persons. However, in some countries it can be expected that detection of individuals by means of video cameras can be considered as violating the personal integrity.
- Consequently, in the relevant fields of technology there is a continuing need to provide simple, accurate and cost-effective solutions for detecting a number of individuals moving or travelling on a given route, either travelling in vehicles or by foot.
The documentWO 2009/022837 relates to a method for controlling an uplink connection of an idle UE in a wireless communication system, and checking the number of UEs that attempt to receive a specific service in order to determine an optimal scheme for providing a broadcast/multicast service. - The document
EP 2693807 relates to a method for a terminal to execute a handover in a mobile communication system. The method comprises receiving a handover command from a target base station, transmitting a random access preamble to the target base station and receiving a response random access response from the target base station. - It is an object of the disclosure to provide a method and system which seeks to reduce or eliminate the drawbacks in the art and to provide an improved method and system for detecting of a number of individuals travelling along a certain route.
- This object is obtained by means of a method for detecting a number of user terminals, each of said user terminals comprising a receiver unit, a transmitter unit and a control unit arranged to control said receiver unit and transmitter unit, each of said user terminals also being associated with a wireless communication network comprising a plurality of network cells, each being equipped with a node. The method comprises detecting communication between each of said user terminals and an associated node of said wireless communication network. Furthermore, the method comprises: detecting a first control message being transmitted from a user terminal; detecting a second control message being transmitted from a node, said second control message being associated with the first control message where the control messages occur during initial access or during handover, where the method further comprises increasing a counter representing said number of user terminals based on detection of transmission of said control messages. The control messages either are used for implementing a hand-over of a user terminal or related to a process in which a user terminal (8a) obtains initial access to the wireless communication network.
- According to an aspect, an advantage is obtained since the above-mentioned method constitutes a cost-effective way of collecting data which can be used for providing statistical information regarding the travelling behavior of a group of individuals. Furthermore, the method can be carried out generally with existing equipment which forms part of a wireless communication network, which makes the method easy to implement from a technical point of view. Also, the method is user-friendly since it does not require any active measures to be taken by the individuals being detected.
- As stated above, the method comprises detecting said control messages in the form of an indication of a handover of said user terminal from a first network cell to a second network cell. This means that the method involves the use of control messages which are used for implementing a hand-over of a user terminal, which for example may occur when an individual using the user terminal travels from one network cell to an adjacent network cell. An advantage with this aspect is consequently that it uses detection of well-known control messages which are already implemented in today's wireless communication networks.
- As stated above, the method comprises detecting said control messages in the form of an indication of completion of an initial access of said user terminal to a network cell. Such an initial access situation is consequently a further useful situation which involves control messages which can be detected.
- Said object is also obtained by means of a detector device for detecting a number of user terminals, each of said user terminals comprising a receiver unit, a transmitter unit and a control unit arranged to control said receiver unit and transmitter unit, each of said user terminals also being associated with a wireless communication network comprising a plurality of network cells, each being equipped with a node. The detector device further comprises a detector unit configured for detecting communication between each of said user terminals and an associated node of said wireless communication network. Furthermore, the detector unit is configured for detecting a first control message being transmitted from a user terminal and for detecting a second control message being transmitted from a node, said second control message being associated with the first control message and where the control messages occur during initial access or during handover; wherein said detector device further comprises a counter unit representing said number of user terminals based on detection of a transmission of said control messages. The control messages either are used for implementing a hand-over of a user terminal or related to a process in which a user terminal obtains initial access to the wireless communication network.
- Further objects, features, and advantages of the present disclosure will appear from the following detailed description, wherein certain aspects of the disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
- Fig. 1
- schematically discloses a wireless communication network in which the invention can be used;
- Fig. 2
- schematically discloses a detector device and the communication between said detector device, a user terminal and said network;
- Fig. 3
- is a flowchart showing the principles of the disclosure;
- Fig. 4
- is a flowchart showing the principles of an aspect of the disclosure; and
- Fig. 5
- is a flowchart showing the principles of a further aspect of the invention.
- Different aspects of the present disclosure will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. The method and apparatus disclosed herein can, however, be realized in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the aspects set forth herein.
- The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular aspects of the disclosure only, and is not intended to limit the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
- According to an aspect of the present disclosure, as shown schematically in
Fig. 1 , there is provided awireless communication network 1 which comprises afirst cell 2 and asecond cell 3, each of which corresponds to a certain geographic cell area, as schematically indicated by means of circles inFig. 1 . Thefirst cell 2 has a first node in the form of afirst base station 4, i.e. comprising a first transceiver arrangement in thefirst cell 2. Also, thesecond cell 3 has a second node in the form of asecond base station 5, i.e. comprising a second transceiver arrangement in thesecond cell 3. - According to known technology, a base station in a wireless communication network, such as the
first node 4 or thesecond node 5 can be referred to as an "eNodeB". This is in accordance with the terminology used in the context of an LTE (Long-Term Evolution) radio-access network, also known as the Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio-access Network (E-UTRAN). Each eNodeB is interconnected with each other by means of the X2 interface. The eNodeBs are also connected by means of the S1 interface to the EPC (Evolved Packet Core), more specifically to an MME (Mobility Management Entity) by means of the S1-MME and to a Serving Gateway (S-GW) by means of the S1-U. - In order to describe the purpose of this disclosure, it can be assumed that a
vehicle 6 carrying a number of passengers is travelling in an area covered by thefirst cell 2. As a typical example, thevehicle 6 is constituted by a bus or a similar vehicle which forms part of a public transportation network. Furthermore, it can be assumed that virtually all of the passengers on thevehicle 6 carry a user terminal such as a mobile phone, a table computer or similar device. For reasons of simplicity, only twosuch user terminals Fig. 1 . Thewireless communication network 1 is arranged to provide wireless communication services to theseuser terminals user terminals - For the purpose of the present disclosure, it is assumed that there are only two
user terminals vehicle 6. However, it is obvious that the number of user terminals may vary. As an example, it can be expected that the number of individuals which are travelling on a bus in a public transport system may be in the magnitude of 30-50. This means that there will be approximately the same number of user terminals on the bus. - In the context of this disclosure, the term "individual" (or "individuals") refers to physical persons. Today, it can be expected that virtually all persons carry a mobile device such as a mobile telephone or a tablet computer during for example travelling. This disclosure consequently relates to situations in which a certain number of individuals carry a user terminal during travelling.
- Furthermore,
Fig. 1 describes in a schematic manner that thevehicle 6 is travelling within thefirst cell 2 in a direction as indicated by means of anarrow 7. It is here assumed that thevehicle 6 is travelling from a first position, as indicated with continuous line, and further to a second position, as indicated with broken lines inFig. 1 . The second position of thevehicle 6 is indicated by means ofreference numeral 6a. For the purpose of explaining this disclosure in greater detail, it is here assumed that thesecond position 6a is located within thesecond cell 3, i.e. which is served by thesecond node 5. - Since the
user terminals first cell 2, it can be assumed that they are connected to themobile communication network 1 via thefirst node 4, as indicated schematically inFig. 1 . This means that theuser terminals wireless communication network 1. According to what is previously known, each one of the twocells network 1 uses a separate set of frequencies in order to allow connections of user terminals with eachcell first cell 2 to thesecond cell 3 during ongoing communication, switching from one cell frequency in thefirst cell 2 to a different cell frequency in thesecond cell 3 is done automatically while maintaining the connection. This is referred to as handover (or handoff). A typical handover situation occurs when a user terminal - which is in communication with a "source" node - moves to a new cell being associated with a "target" node. A new channel will then be selected for the user terminal which is associated with the "target" node. The user terminal will then be switched to the new channel while communication is still in progress. - Generally, an intra E-UTRAN handover process follows a set of steps in order to transfer a user terminal from a source node to a target node using the X2 protocol. For the purpose of this disclosure, it is assumed that the MME (Mobility Management Entity) and the Serving GW (Serving Gateway) are unchanged during the process. Furthermore, it is known as such that the handover procedure involves transmission of certain control messages in order to establish a switch from a source node to a target node. More precisely, such a control message is the Random Access Preamble, which is selected by the user terminal and transmitted to the target node. The target node may then send a response by transmitting a "Random Access Response" to the user terminal. The next transmission link with the target node may then be established so that the communication may proceed through the target node.
- With reference initially to
Fig. 1 , a method will now be described for detecting a number ofuser terminals wireless communication network 1, which comprises a number ofnetwork cells node user terminals node user terminal 8a and a second control message from acorresponding target node 5 are detected, wherein the first and second control messages are associated with each other in a manner such as the Random Access Preamble and the Random Access Response. These two messages are used during a handover procedure in order to verify the new connection with the target node. - A number of user terminals moving from one cell to another can be observed by detecting the occurrence of such control messages during handover for each user terminal. The number of user terminals being detected is furthermore an indication of the actual number of individuals travelling from one area to another while carrying their user terminals. The actual number of user terminals may not be exactly the same as the number of individuals (since some of the individuals may not carry any user terminal, or some user terminals may be switched off etc.), but the number of user terminals detected is a relatively precise measure of the number of individuals travelling as described above. This is due to the widespread use of mobile units such as mobile telephones, i.e. it can be expected that virtually every individual person carries their own mobile unit while travelling on the
vehicle 6. - A more detailed disclosure will now be provided with reference to
Fig. 2 which shows adetector device 9 which can be used for detection of control messages.Fig. 2 shows auser terminal 8a and thefirst node 4. The communication between thedetector device 9, theuser terminal 8a and thenode 4 will now be further described. It should be mentioned that theuser terminal 8a comprises areceiver unit 10, atransmitter unit 11 and also acontrol unit 12 which is arranged to control saidreceiver unit 10 andtransmitter unit 11. Thedetector device 9 comprises adetector unit 13, atransmitter unit 14 and acontrol unit 15 for controlling thedetector unit 13 and thetransmitter unit 14. Thedetector device 9 is arranged for detecting traffic both on the uplink frequency and on the downlink frequency in its associated cell. Thecontrol unit 15 also comprises acounter 15a which contains information related to a number of user terminals which have been detected as described above, i.e. by detecting a first control message from theuser terminal 8a and then a second control message from acorresponding node 4. Theuser terminal 8a is arranged to communicate with thewireless communication network 1 in accordance with known principles based for example on the E-UTRAN architecture for radio access networks. - With reference to
Figs. 1 and2 , it should be noted that thedetector device 9 is arranged so as to be carried by thevehicle 6. Thedetector device 9 will consequently be positioned sufficiently close to theuser terminals user terminals relevant nodes - An aspect of the disclosure will now be described in the form of a flowchart which is shown in
Fig. 3 . As mentioned, thedetector device 9 is configured for detecting transmission between theuser terminals Fig. 1 ) and thenodes user terminals Fig. 3 . This also means that thedetector device 9 will be configured to detect the above-mentioned control messages. It is here assumed that theuser terminals first base station 4, as also shown inFig. 1 . - During a handover process, the
detector device 9 will first detect a first control message in the form of a Random Access Preamble message (step 17) and then detect its response, i.e. the Random Access Response message (step 18). If these two control messages are received by thedetector device 9, this will be an indication that the user terminal in question has gone through a handover process and that the user terminal has been switched from thefirst cell 2 to thesecond cell 3. This is also an indication that a particular individual who carries the user terminal has moved (by travelling on the vehicle 6) from thefirst cell 2 to thesecond cell 3. - When the
detector device 9 has detected both control messages and as a consequence, thecontrol unit 15 in thedetector device 9 will increase thecounter 15a which represents the number of detecteduser terminals step 19 inFig. 3 ). - As a further optional step, the
control unit 15 may be configured for a suitable form of evaluation of the detected control messages. This is indicated by means ofreference numeral 20 inFig. 3 . Certain criteria can then be used for determining whether thecounter 15a should be incremented. For example, the following criteria can be used: - 1) The distance between the
detector device 9 and acorresponding user terminals 8a can be determined by measuring the timing of the first control message. More precisely, the distance can be determined based on a propagation delay of a particular message transmitted from theuser terminal 8a to thedetector device 9. If the distance is less than a predetermined threshold value, for example 30 meters, it can be assumed that the user terminal in question is actually located on thevehicle 6. - 2) The Doppler shift can be used to detect whether there is any relative movement between the
detector device 9 and thecorresponding user terminal 8a. If generally no such relative movement is detected, i.e. if it is determined that theuser terminal 8a has a speed relative to thedetector device 9 which is lower than a predetermined threshold value, it can be assumed that theuser terminal 8a in question is located on thevehicle 6. - 3) The power level of the
user terminal 8a during communication with thenode 4, which is also received by thedetector device 9 can be detected. If the power level is higher than a predetermined threshold level, it is assumed that theuser terminal 8a is located on thevehicle 6. - The above-mentioned criteria require measurements in the form of a distance, speed and power. These can be determined by from received signals from the user terminal. For example, the physical characteristics of the received "Random Access Preamble" can be used for calculating such measurements.
- The evaluation process (step 20) can consequently be used in an optional manner to determine whether the
counter 15a should be increased after receipt of the first and second control messages. Thecontrol unit 15 is used to analyze whether applicable criteria are fulfilled in order to initiate an increase of thecounter 15a. - A handover process will now be described more in detail with reference to
Fig. 4 , which is a flowchart involving auser terminal 8a, a first node 4 (i.e. a "source" node) and a second node 5 (a "target" node). Theuser terminal 8a is connected to thefirst node 4, i.e. there is communication in progress between theuser terminal 8a and thefirst node 4. This is indicated by means of a step for transmitting packet data (step 21 inFig. 4 ) between thesource node 4 and theuser terminal 8a. Furthermore, uplink allocation of transmission resources is provided by the first node 4 (step 22). Next, theuser terminal 8a sends ameasurement report 23 involving, for example, data indicating that the conditions for handover are fulfilled (step 23). The next step is that thefirst node 4 makes a handover decision, based on the measurement report, to initiate a handover (step 24) and then issues a handover request message to the second node 5 (step 25) in order to prepare saidsecond node 5 for the handover. Thesecond node 5 then configures the required resources and replies by sending a handover request acknowledge message (step 26). - A downlink allocation message is sent to the
user terminal 8a (step 27) and also a RRC Connection Reconfiguration message (step 28), in order to establish radio bearers, transfer configuration information and prepare for the actual handover. Furthermore, a Status Transfer message is sent from the source node 4 (step 29) to thetarget node 5 to convey receiver and transmitter status information. A Data Forwarding step is also carried out (step 30) involving configuration information transmitted from thesource node 4 to thetarget node 5. - The next step in the process is that the
user terminal 8a sends a request to be synchronized with the network via the target node 5 (step 31). Such a request is carried out via a channel referred to as PRACH (Physical Random Access Channel). A request is sent in the form of a Radio Access Preamble. There are 64 preambles available, numbered with a preamble index between 1 and 64, and one of these preamble indices is chosen. For a handover, this choice of preamble index is included in the RRC Connection Reconfiguration (step 28) which is sent from thesource node 4 to theuser terminal 8a. Next, thetarget node 5 calculates a timing advance (in order to configure future communication from theuser terminal 8a to the node with correct timing) and sends a Random Access Response to theuser terminal 8a (step 32). In the LTE architecture, the Random Access Response is carried by the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH). This Random Access Response contains, among other information, the detected preamble index and the estimated timing advance. Theuser terminal 8a responds by sending a RRC Connection Reconfiguration Complete message (step 33) in order to confirm the handover to thetarget node 5. Finally, packet data can be sent between theuser terminal 8a and the target node 5 (step 34). - As mentioned above, the detector device 9 (see
Figs. 1 and2 ) is configured for detecting both the Random Access Preamble and Random Access Response messages and for increasing thecounter 15a based on receipt of these messages. According to a further aspect of this disclosure, thedetector unit 9 is configured for detecting control messages related to a process in which auser terminal 8a obtains initial access to the wireless communication network. Such a situation may occur for example when theuser terminal 8a is switched on or when reception is restored after being in a certain area without any connection. This aspect of the disclosure is also based on a method in which a first control message from theuser terminal 8a and a second control message from acorresponding node 4 are detected, and also wherein thecounter 15a representing a number of user terminals is increased based on detection of said control messages. - A flowchart of such an initial access procedure will now be described with reference to
Fig. 5 . Firstly, it is noted that Primary Synchronization Signal, PSS, is regularly transmitted from the node 4 (step 35 inFig. 5 ). This signal carries information related to the relevant physical cell id and is also used for synchronization ofuser terminal 8a. Furthermore, thenode 4 also transmits the Second Synchronization Signal, SSS (step 36), which allows theuser terminal 8a to obtain the physical cell identity. Next, thenode 4 transmits system information on a Physical Broadcast Channel, PBCH (step 37). - In a manner which is similar to has been explained with reference to
Fig. 4 , theuser terminal 8a will send a Random Access Preamble message on the Physical Random Access Channel (step 38). This control message is chosen as one out of 64 preamble index. The preamble to transmit is chosen randomly as a preamble index within theuser terminal 8a. Thenode 4 will respond by transmitting its Random Access Response (step 39), including timing adjustment information, detected preamble index and similar system information. This message is sent on the Physical Downlink Shared Channel. Furthermore, theuser terminal 8a sends identity information in order to confirm the RRC connection on the Physical Uplink Shared Channel, PUSCH (step 40). -
Fig. 5 describes an access procedure involving possible contention resolution, i.e. a procedure in which more than one user terminal requests the same resources via their Random Access Preamble messages, and thenode 5 sends a Contention Resolution Message on the Physical Downlink Shared Channel, PDSCH (step 41). - Finally, user data is transmitted on the Physical Downlink Shared Channel, PDSCH, and the Physical Uplink Shared Channel, PUSCH (step 42).
- The aspect shown in
Fig. 5 is based on the concept that control messages in the form of the Random Access Preamble (step 38) and the Random Access Response (step 39) are detected and used for increasing thecounter 15a in thecontrol unit 9 shown inFig. 2 . - The disclosure has now been explained with reference to situations involving detection of control messages which occur during initial access and during handover. The purpose of the method and device described is to provide a means of registering the number of
user terminals vehicle 6, which number generally corresponds to the number of individuals which are travelling with saidvehicle 6. The information which is obtained as described can be used in a number of ways, for example as a measure of the number of passengers on certain vehicles along particular routes. Such information can be of use during planning of traffic routes, allocation of public transport vehicles etc. Such information can also be of use in a general manner for studying patterns of travelling of a certain group of persons. - It should be noted that the
detector device 9 comprises atransmitter unit 14 in order to communicate with thewireless communication network 1, so as to be able to deliver the acquired information to clients and involved parties. - The specific details provided in the above description are provided as examples only in order to provide a better understanding of the present invention. Several alternative aspects of the disclosure above can also be implemented. For example, the
detector device 9 can be positioned on a travelling vehicle as explained above. Alternatively, it can be placed in a fixed position and be arranged for detecting a number of user terminals which are passing by said detector device. - Aspects of the disclosure are described with reference to the drawings, e.g., block diagrams and/or flowcharts. It is understood that several entities in the drawings, e.g., blocks of the block diagrams, and also combinations of entities in the drawings, can be implemented by computer program instructions, which instructions can be stored in a computer-readable memory, and also loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus. Such computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer and/or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer and/or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions/acts specified in the block diagrams and/or flowchart block or blocks.
In some implementations and according to some aspects of the disclosure, the functions or steps noted in the blocks can occur out of the order noted in the operational illustrations. Also, the functions or steps noted in the blocks can according to some aspects of the disclosure be executed continuously in a loop. In the drawings and specification, there have been disclosed exemplary aspects of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure should be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive, and not as being limited to the particular aspects discussed above. Accordingly, although specific terms are employed, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
Claims (8)
- A method for detecting a number of user terminals (8a, 8b), each of said user terminals (8a, 8b) comprising a receiver unit (10), a transmitter unit (11) and a control unit (12) arranged to control said receiver unit (10) and transmitter unit (11), each of said user terminals (8a, 8b) also being associated with a wireless communication network (1) comprising a plurality of network cells (2, 3), each being equipped with a node (4, 5), said method comprising:- detecting (16) communication between each of said user terminals (8a, 8b) and an associated node (4; 5) of said wireless communication network (1);- detecting (17) a first control message being transmitted from a user terminal (8a, 8b);- detecting (18) a second control message being transmitted from a node (4; 5), said second control message being associated with the first control message;characterized in that said control messages occur during initial access or during handover, where the method further comprises:- increasing (19) a counter (15a) representing said number of user terminals (8a, 8b) based on detection of transmission of said control messages, where said control messages either are used for implementing a hand-over of a user terminal or related to a process in which a user terminal (8a) obtains initial access to the wireless communication network.
- A method according to claim 1, wherein said method further comprises:- detecting a control message in the form of a "Random Access Preamble" message from said user terminal (8a, 8b) to a node (4, 5) in said second network (1); and- detecting a control message in the form of a "Random Access Response" message from said node (4, 5) to said user terminal (8a, 8b); and- increasing said counter (15a) based on detection of said "Random Access Response" message.
- A method according to any one of the previous claims, wherein said method further comprises:- determining a measure of a number of individuals travelling on one or more vehicles (6), based on said counter (15a).
- A method according to any one of the previous claims, wherein said method further comprises:- evaluating whether said counter (15a) should be increased, based on parameters related to said first and second control messages or to said user terminal (8a; 8b).
- A method according to claim 4, wherein said method further comprises:- increasing the counter (15a) based on whether at least one of the following criteria is fulfilled:- said user terminal (8a; 8b) is within a predetermined distance from a detector device (9);- said user terminal (8a; 8b) is having a speed relative to the detector device (9) which is lower than a predetermined speed threshold value; and- said user terminal (8a; 8b) is transmitting at a power level which is above a predetermined power threshold value.
- A detector device (9) for detecting a number of user terminals (8a, 8b), each of said user terminals (8a, 8b) comprising a receiver unit (10), a transmitter unit (11) and a control unit (12) arranged to control said receiver unit (10) and transmitter unit (11), each of said user terminals (8a, 8b) also being associated with a wireless communication network (1) comprising a plurality of network cells (2, 3), each being equipped with a node (4, 5), said detector device (9) further comprising a detector unit (13) configured for detecting communication between each of said user terminals (8a, 8b) and an associated node (4; 5) of said wireless communication network (1); where the detector unit (13) is configured for detecting (17) a first control message being transmitted from a user terminal (8a, 8b) and for detecting a second control message being transmitted from a node (4; 5), said second control message being associated with the first control message; characterized in that said control messages occur during initial access or during handover, wherein said detector device (9) further comprises a counter unit (15a) representing said number of user terminals (8a, 8b) based on detection of a transmission of said control messages, where said control messages either are used for implementing a hand-over of a user terminal or related to a process in which a user terminal (8a) obtains initial access to the wireless communication network.
- A detector device (9) according to claim 6, wherein said detector unit (13) is configured for detecting a control message in the form of a "Random Access Preamble" and a control message in the form of a "Random Access Response" being sent between said user terminal (8a, 8b) and said wireless communication network (1).
- A detector device (9) according to claim 6 or 7, wherein said detector device (9) comprises a transmitter unit (14) configured for communicating with the wireless communication network (1).
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EP2693807A4 (en) | 2011-03-28 | 2015-05-20 | Lg Electronics Inc | Method and device for handover in mobile communication system |
CN103002526B (en) * | 2011-09-13 | 2015-06-03 | 华为技术有限公司 | Cell handover control methods, cell measurement method, equipment and system |
WO2014092497A1 (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2014-06-19 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Method and apparatus for supporting transmission efficiency in a wireless communication system |
US9161179B2 (en) * | 2013-01-04 | 2015-10-13 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Enabling a wireless communication device to switch from one local network to a separate wide area network for a high priority multicast group communication |
CA2902964C (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2017-09-05 | Clyde Neel | Wireless vehicle detector aggregator and interface to controller and associated methods |
WO2014181772A1 (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2014-11-13 | シャープ株式会社 | Wireless communication system, base station device, terminal device, wireless communication method, and integrated circuit |
JP2016519539A (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2016-06-30 | クアルコム,インコーポレイテッド | Group bearer and bearer selection for multicast / broadcast data transmission |
WO2015015136A1 (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2015-02-05 | Toshiba Research Europe Limited | Ran overload control for m2m communications in lte networks |
US9474053B2 (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2016-10-18 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Resource allocation for control channel |
KR20160047261A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2016-05-02 | 삼성에스디에스 주식회사 | Method for controlling inter-cell interference in heterogeneous network environment |
KR20160092379A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2016-08-04 | 한국전자통신연구원 | Method for Detecting Camp-On and Camp-Off of Mobile Terminal for Zone Based Service in Mobile Communication System |
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