EP3170601A1 - Thread former or tap and method for producing a thread former or tap - Google Patents
Thread former or tap and method for producing a thread former or tap Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3170601A1 EP3170601A1 EP15195387.4A EP15195387A EP3170601A1 EP 3170601 A1 EP3170601 A1 EP 3170601A1 EP 15195387 A EP15195387 A EP 15195387A EP 3170601 A1 EP3170601 A1 EP 3170601A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- profile body
- shaft body
- thread former
- coolant
- supply line
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910010037 TiAlN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000034303 cell budding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000110 selective laser sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/28—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools
- B23P15/48—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools threading tools
- B23P15/52—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools threading tools taps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
- B22F10/66—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by mechanical means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/062—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools involving the connection or repairing of preformed parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/28—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools
- B23P15/48—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools threading tools
- B23P15/50—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools threading tools dies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23G—THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
- B23G2200/00—Details of threading tools
- B23G2200/02—Tools in which the shank and the cutting part are made from different materials or from separate components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23G—THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
- B23G2225/00—Materials of threading tools, workpieces or other structural elements
- B23G2225/28—Hard metal, i.e. cemented carbides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23G—THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
- B23G2240/00—Details of equipment for threading other than threading tools, details of the threading process
- B23G2240/12—Means for cooling or lubrication
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23G—THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
- B23G5/00—Thread-cutting tools; Die-heads
- B23G5/02—Thread-cutting tools; Die-heads without means for adjustment
- B23G5/06—Taps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23G—THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
- B23G7/00—Forming thread by means of tools similar both in form and in manner of use to thread-cutting tools, but without removing any material
- B23G7/02—Tools for this purpose
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Definitions
- the invention relates to a thread former or drill, comprising a shank body having at its one end a clamping portion and at its other end a holding portion, further comprising a profile body formed separately from the shaft body with threaded press edges or tapping for forming or cutting a thread on a Workpiece, wherein the profile body has at its one end a connection portion with which the profile body can be fastened to the holding portion of the shaft body.
- the invention also relates to a method for producing such a thread former or drill.
- a thread former or drill in which a profile body on a separately formed shaft is centrally and non-rotatably fastened.
- An advantage of such a thread former or drill is, inter alia, that the profile body can be made of a harder material than the shaft.
- a coolant such as a water-oil mixture
- a coolant such as a water-oil mixture
- the present invention seeks to provide a thread former or drill and a method of the above to provide said type, with which a flexible and reliable supply and application of a coolant is possible.
- the invention solves the problem in that at least the profile body has been constructed in layers in a 3D printing process, wherein within the profile body aligned at a shaft body with the profile body aligned with a formed inside the shaft body coolant supply line Coolant supply line is formed, which is connected to a plurality of coolant distribution lines formed within the profile body, wherein the coolant distribution lines each have a targeted outlet opening in the region of the threaded pressing edges or tapping.
- the outlet openings can be provided between adjacent thread cutting, in particular in the flutes, or between adjacent thread pressing edges, in particular in the lubrication grooves.
- thread formers or drills for example, internal threads can be produced in a workpiece.
- the thread former or drill according to the invention is provided for forming an internal thread in a workpiece.
- Taps are based on a bolt-shaped basic shape, which are produced by the introduction of particular paraxial or oblique flutes cutting in the peripheral surface of the profile body, which produce a thread in the workpiece machining.
- Thread formers for producing internal threads are also geometrically derived from a bolt. However, they do not create the thread in the workpiece by machining, but only by displacement of the material.
- pressing edges are introduced into the peripheral surface of the profile body, which generate the desired thread in the workpiece during machining. The pressing edges can form a polygonal thread profile.
- the shaft body has a clamping portion, with which it is clamped in a corresponding machine tool for rotating driving and optionally advancing.
- the three-dimensional printing technique is used to produce at least the profile body of the thread former or drill and thereby to produce a formed within the shaft body coolant supply line, which is connected to a plurality of also formed within the profile bodydeffenverteiltechnischen.
- the coolant distribution lines each have an outlet opening in the region of the threaded press edges or thread cutting.
- a coolant supply line is formed within the shaft body, which is aligned with interconnected shaft body and profile body with the coolant supply line of the profile body.
- the coolant lines of the thread former or drill according to the invention serve in a manner known per se for guiding a coolant, in particular a cooling fluid, such as water and / or oil.
- coolant line geometries can be generated, which are not feasible with conventional manufacturing methods, in particular drilling methods.
- the coolant lines in the profile body and possibly in the shaft body by means of 3D printing technology can be generated with high precision, so that the coolant transfer in the region of the connection of the shaft body to the profile body can be done in a reliable manner.
- the invention enables curved and other courses of the coolant lines, adapted to the particular design conditions and the requirements of the coolant in operation, which are not possible in the prior art.
- cutting or pressing edges for producing the desired thread on a workpiece are provided on the peripheral surface of the profile body. These may subsequently have been introduced into the profile body by grinding, for example, by means of grinding.
- the 3D printing process can thus produce a profiled body blank into which the cutting or pressing edges are then incorporated.
- the profile body is inventively designed as a separate profile element and is rotatably secured by means of suitable fastening means and in particular centrally and detachably on the shaft body.
- suitable fastening means for fastening, for example, a screw in question, as explained in more detail below.
- the shaft body may be cylindrical.
- the profile body may also have a cylindrical basic shape.
- the profile body may have at its end facing away from the shaft body a start-up or gate region, which is followed by a guide section in the direction of the shaft body, which in turn is followed by the connection section connected to the shaft body.
- the profile body may, for example, taper conically in the starting or gate area in the direction of its free end facing away from the shaft body.
- the shaft body may also have been constructed in layers in a 3D printing process.
- the shaft body and in particular the coolant supply line with the greatest possible flexibility can be produced.
- the profile body can be fastened by a screw connection to the shaft body.
- the profile body can be fastened to the shaft body by means of a bolt which can be screwed axially into the shaft body through the profile body.
- connection portion of the profile body has positive locking elements which engage in the state fixed to the shaft body in corresponding form-locking elements of the holding portion of the shaft body such that the profile body can be fastened to the shaft body only in a clearly defined rotational position.
- the interlocking elements are therefore not rotationally symmetrical, but by a suitable shape forming a certain Drehauscardi in which the shaft body and the profile body must be aligned for their connection to each other.
- the profiled bodies fastened to the shaft body lie opposite openings of coolant supply line and coolant supply line with respect to the longitudinal axes of shaft body and profile body.
- the coolant supply line formed in the shaft body may further be necessary for the coolant supply line formed in the shaft body to have a single or multiple curved course.
- the coolant is supplied into the shaft body usually in the region of the Einspannabitess coaxially to the longitudinal axis of the shaft body from a supply.
- Thedestoffzu111 technische in the profile body may have a single or multi-curved course. But this is not necessary.
- thedeffenzu111technisch of the profile body may be connected to at least one formed within the profile body coolant ring line, depart from the coolant distribution lines.
- thedeffenzu110 effet of the profile body with at least two formed within the profile body, offset in the axial direction of the profile body mutually arranged coolant ring lines may be connected, wherein depart from each of the ring lines severaldestoffverteiltechnischen.
- the coolant supply line can then extend in relation to the longitudinal axis of the profile body off-axis from a transfer opening in the region of the connection section to the connection with the ring line or the ring lines.
- the cooling medium distribution lines emerging from the different ring loops formed inside the profiled body can each have axially offset outlet openings on the circumference of the profiled body. It is thus achieved a particularly uniform distribution of the coolant in the threaded rear edges and tapping.
- the ring line (s) may or may (respectively) form a coaxial with the longitudinal axis of the profile body aligned annulus. From this can then go off in the radial direction or at largely arbitrary angles to the longitudinal axis of the profile body, the coolant distribution lines.
- the longitudinal axes of the outlet openings of a first group of coolant distribution lines extend at an acute angle to a longitudinal axis of the profile body leading away from the shaft body, and that the longitudinal axes of the outlet openings of a second group of coolant distribution lines are at an obtuse angle to one of the shaft body wegmixden longitudinal axis of the profile body.
- a first group ofhariffenbach apparentlyen has longitudinal axes in the region of their outlet openings, which have at an angle of less than 90 ° to the longitudinal axis of the profile body, as seen in a direction of this longitudinal axis away from the shaft body.
- a second group of coolant distribution lines has a longitudinal axis in the region of its outlet openings which lie at an angle of more than 90 ° to the longitudinal axis of the profile body, again in a direction away from the shaft body. It is possible that all coolant distribution lines belong to either the first group or the second group. There is a leakage of the coolant is achieved in different directions, depending on the group ofméffenverteil Oberen. An angle bisector between the longitudinal axes of the coolant distribution lines of the two groups can run perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the profile body. By different angles of the outlet directions of the different coolant distribution lines, a particularly uniform and flexible application of the coolant can be achieved.
- the cross section of at least some coolant distribution lines can taper in the region of their outlet openings.
- the coolant distribution lines may, for example, taper conically, in particular nozzle-shaped. It is thus achieved a particularly focused application of the coolant, for example, to remove chips generated in the course of a machining operation.
- the cross section of at least some coolant distribution lines, in particular of all coolant distribution lines may be widened in the region of their outlet openings, for example to be conically widened.
- the extension may be, for example, trumpet-shaped. It is thus achieved a fanned out spreading of the coolant.
- the cross section of at least some, in particular all coolant distribution lines does not change in the region of their outlet openings, but for example (circular) remains cylindrical.
- At least one sealing ring may be arranged in the region of the transition between the coolant supply line and the coolant supply line. In this way, the passage between the coolant supply pipe and the coolant supply pipe is securely sealed.
- a the transfer opening of the coolant supply line or the coolant supply for example, concentrically surrounding sealing ring.
- a (larger) arranged coaxially to the longitudinal axes of the shaft body and profile body sealing ring which also surrounds the transfer openings between the coolant supply line and coolant supply, but also can substantially completely enclose the interlocking elements.
- a combination of both said sealing rings is possible to further improve the sealing effect.
- At least the profile body may consist of a hard metal (HM), a high-speed steel (HSS) or a ceramic material. Furthermore, at least the profile body may be coated with a hard material layer, preferably produced in a CVD method or a PVD method. Suitable hard material layers are, for example, TiN, TiAlN, TiCN or AlCrN layers. The hard material layer can be subsequently smoothed.
- HM hard metal
- HSS high-speed steel
- ceramic material preferably produced in a CVD method or a PVD method.
- Suitable hard material layers are, for example, TiN, TiAlN, TiCN or AlCrN layers. The hard material layer can be subsequently smoothed.
- the invention also solves the problem by a method for producing a thread former or drill according to the invention, in which at least the profile body is produced in a 3D printing process by applying layered material in a mold and by selective melting or sintering of the applied material at least the profile body of the thread former or drill.
- the particular powdery material is applied in layers for the 3D printing in a form.
- the material may in particular be a metal material or a ceramic material.
- the selective reflow or sintering of the material to form the desired three-dimensional shape may be, for example, selective laser melting or selective laser sintering.
- At least one sealing ring can be formed in the region of the transition between the coolant supply line and the coolant supply line, as explained above.
- the sealing ring or even the sealing rings can be generated in the 3D printing process.
- the sealing ring or the sealing rings may be made of plastic, for example.
- cutting or pressing edges for producing a thread in a workpiece are worked into the peripheral surface of the profile body of the thread former or drill, in particular ground.
- the thread former shown in the figures comprises a shaft body 10 which has a clamping section 12 at one end and a holding section 14 at its other end. Furthermore, the thread former comprises a profiled body blank 16 formed separately from the shank body 10. To form the finished profiled body, threaded pressing edges or cutting edges for forming or cutting a thread on a workpiece are formed in the peripheral surface of the profiled body blank 16. This can be done, for example, by grinding. In Fig. 12 For illustration, a finished profile body 16 'is shown, on the circumferential surface of which threaded pressing edges 45 are formed. Between the Gewinded Wegkanten 45 extending lubrication grooves 47 are provided in the axial direction. At the in Fig.
- the profile body blank 16 shown in the figures has a connection portion 20 with which it is attached to the holding portion 14 of the shaft body 10.
- the connection section has a plurality of form-locking elements 22, which in the assembled state engage with corresponding form-fit elements 24 of the holding section 14 of the shaft body 10.
- the mutually corresponding form-fitting elements 22, 24 are formed so that the profile body blank 16 and the shaft body 10 are fastened to each other only in a clearly defined rotational position, in which the positive-locking elements 22 and the positive-locking elements 24 come into engagement.
- a bore with internal thread of the shaft body 10 can be seen. In the interconnected state, this bore 26 is aligned with a bore 28 of the profile body blank 16. For fastening the profile body blank 16 on the shaft body 10, a bolt is screwed through the bore 28 into the internal thread of the bore 26, as is known per se. In this way, the cylindrical shaft body 10 is coaxially connected to the profile body blank 16 also having a cylindrical basic shape.
- the common longitudinal axis is in Fig. 1 at reference numeral 30.
- both the profile body blank 16 and the shaft body 10 were constructed in layers in a 3D printing process of a metal or ceramic material.
- a coolant supply line 32 was formed in the shaft body 10.
- the coolant supply line 32 is connected to a coolant supply 34 arranged coaxially to the longitudinal axis 30 of the shaft body 10 and has a curvature such that a transfer opening 36 of the coolant supply line 32 is off-axis with respect to the longitudinal axis 30.
- this transfer opening 36 is aligned with a corresponding transfer opening 38 of a formed within the profile body blank 16deffenzu slaughter Republic 40.
- the coolant supply line 40 opens at the in the FIGS.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 show in this regard further embodiments, wherein in Fig. 6 a turn, for example, O-ring-shaped sealing ring 46 'can be seen, which is arranged coaxially to the longitudinal axis 30 of the profile body blank 16 and substantially surrounds the entire terminal portion 20 with the mold elements 22.
- O-ring-shaped sealing ring 46 ' can be seen, which is arranged coaxially to the longitudinal axis 30 of the profile body blank 16 and substantially surrounds the entire terminal portion 20 with the mold elements 22.
- FIGS. 9, 10 and 11 show further embodiments of a profile body blank according to the invention.
- the embodiment according to Fig. 9 differs from the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 4 only with regard to the design of the coolant distribution lines.
- Two coolant distribution lines 44 'and 44 each depart from the ring line 42 per angular position, the coolant distribution lines 44' and 44" defining different exit directions for the coolant.
- a coolant distribution line 44 'and a coolant distribution line 44 may be provided at regular angular intervals, as in FIG Fig. 9 shown.
- Fig. 10 differs from the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 4 merely in that the coolant supply line 40, in addition to the ring line 42, has an axially identical configuration, but is offset axially in the direction of the longitudinal axis 30 arranged second ring line 42 'is in communication, depart from the also coolant distribution lines 44, which may be so far identical to the outgoing from the first ring line 42 coolant distribution lines 44, only offset in the axial direction 30th
- Fig. 11 are at the reference numeral 44 '' coolant distribution lines of the second annular channel 42 'budding second group shown, which extend in the region of its outlet opening trumpet-like conical.
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Gewindeformer oder -bohrer, umfassend einen Schaftkörper (10), der an seinem einen Ende einen Einspannabschnitt (12) und an seinem anderen Ende einen Halteabschnitt (14) aufweist, weiter umfassend einen separat von dem Schaftkörper (10) ausgebildeten Profilkörper (16') mit Gewindedrückkanten (45) oder Gewindeschneiden zum Formen oder Schneiden eines Gewindes an einem Werkstück, wobei der Profilkörper (16') an seinem einen Ende einen Anschlussabschnitt (20) aufweist, mit dem der Profilkörper (16') an dem Halteabschnitt (14) des Schaftkörpers (10) befestigbar ist, wobei zumindest der Profilkörper (16') schichtweise in einem 3D-Druckverfahren aufgebaut worden ist, wobei innerhalb des Profilkörpers (16') eine bei an dem Schaftkörper (10) befestigtem Profilkörper (16') mit einer innerhalb des Schaftkörpers (10) ausgebildeten Kühlmittelversorgungsleitung (32) fluchtende Kühlmittelzuführleitung (40) ausgebildet ist,die mit mehreren innerhalb des Profilkörpers (16') ausgebildeten Kühlmittelverteilleitungen (44, 44', 44", 44"') verbunden ist, wobei die Kühlmittelverteilleitungen (44, 44', 44", 44'") jeweils eine Austrittsöffnung im Bereich der Gewindedrückkanten (45) oder Gewindeschneiden besitzen.Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Gewindeformers oder -bohrers.The invention relates to a thread former or drill, comprising a shaft body (10) having at its one end a clamping portion (12) and at its other end a holding portion (14), further comprising a profile body formed separately from the shaft body (10) (16 ') with Gewindedrückkanten (45) or tapping for forming or cutting a thread on a workpiece, wherein the profile body (16') at its one end a connection portion (20), with which the profile body (16 ') on the holding portion (14) of the shaft body (10) can be fastened, wherein at least the profile body (16 ') has been constructed in layers in a 3D printing process, wherein within the profile body (16') at a on the shaft body (10) fixed profile body (16 ' ) is formed with a within the shaft body (10) formed coolant supply line (32) aligned coolant supply line (40) having a plurality within the Pr ofilkörpers (16 ') formed Kühlmittelverteilleitungen (44, 44', 44 ", 44" ') is connected, wherein the Kühlmittelverteilleitungen (44, 44', 44 ", 44 '") each have an outlet opening in the threaded rear edges (45) or The invention also relates to a method for producing such a thread former or drill.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Gewindeformer oder -bohrer, umfassend einen Schaftkörper, der an seinem einen Ende einen Einspannabschnitt und an seinem anderen Ende einen Halteabschnitt aufweist, weiter umfassend einen separat von dem Schaftkörper ausgebildeten Profilkörper mit Gewindedrückkanten oder Gewindeschneiden zum Formen oder Schneiden eines Gewindes an einem Werkstück, wobei der Profilkörper an seinem einen Ende einen Anschlussabschnitt aufweist, mit dem der Profilkörper an dem Halteabschnitt des Schaftkörpers befestigbar ist. Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Gewindeformers oder -bohrers.The invention relates to a thread former or drill, comprising a shank body having at its one end a clamping portion and at its other end a holding portion, further comprising a profile body formed separately from the shaft body with threaded press edges or tapping for forming or cutting a thread on a Workpiece, wherein the profile body has at its one end a connection portion with which the profile body can be fastened to the holding portion of the shaft body. The invention also relates to a method for producing such a thread former or drill.
Aus
Ausgehend von dem erläuterten Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Gewindeformer oder -bohrer sowie ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art bereitzustellen, mit denen eine flexible und betriebssichere Versorgung und Ausbringung eines Kühlmittels möglich ist.Based on the explained prior art, the present invention seeks to provide a thread former or drill and a method of the above to provide said type, with which a flexible and reliable supply and application of a coolant is possible.
Die Erfindung löst die Aufgabe durch die unabhängigen Ansprüche 1 und 15. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen finden sich in den abhängigen Ansprüchen, der Beschreibung und den Figuren.The invention achieves the object by the independent claims 1 and 15. Advantageous embodiments can be found in the dependent claims, the description and the figures.
Für einen Gewindeformer oder -bohrer der eingangs genannten Art löst die Erfindung die Aufgabe dadurch, dass zumindest der Profilkörper schichtweise in einem 3D-Druckverfahren aufgebaut worden ist, wobei innerhalb des Profilkörpers eine bei an dem Schaftkörper befestigtem Profilkörper mit einer innerhalb des Schaftkörpers ausgebildeten Kühlmittelversorgungsleitung fluchtende Kühlmittelzuführleitung ausgebildet ist, die mit mehreren innerhalb des Profilkörpers ausgebildeten Kühlmittelverteilleitungen verbunden ist, wobei die Kühlmittelverteilleitungen jeweils eine zielgerichtete Austrittsöffnung im Bereich der Gewindedrückkanten oder Gewindeschneiden besitzen. Die Austrittsöffnungen können zwischen benachbarten Gewindeschneiden, insbesondere in den Spannuten, bzw. zwischen benachbarten Gewindedrückkanten, insbesondere in den Schmiernuten, vorgesehen sein.For a taps or drills of the type mentioned, the invention solves the problem in that at least the profile body has been constructed in layers in a 3D printing process, wherein within the profile body aligned at a shaft body with the profile body aligned with a formed inside the shaft body coolant supply line Coolant supply line is formed, which is connected to a plurality of coolant distribution lines formed within the profile body, wherein the coolant distribution lines each have a targeted outlet opening in the region of the threaded pressing edges or tapping. The outlet openings can be provided between adjacent thread cutting, in particular in the flutes, or between adjacent thread pressing edges, in particular in the lubrication grooves.
Mit Gewindeformern oder -bohrern können beispielsweise Innengewinde in einem Werkstück erzeugt werden. Der erfindungsgemäße Gewindeformer oder -bohrer ist zum Ausbilden eines Innengewindes in einem Werkstück vorgesehen. Gewindebohrer gehen von einer bolzenförmigen Grundform aus, wobei durch das Einbringen von insbesondere achsparallelen oder schrägen Spannuten Schneiden in der Umfangsfläche des Profilkörpers erzeugt werden, die in dem Werkstück spanend ein Gewinde erzeugen. Gewindeformer zur Herstellung von Innengewinden werden geometrisch ebenfalls von einem Bolzen hergeleitet. Sie erzeugen das Gewinde in dem Werkstück allerdings nicht durch Zerspanung, sondern nur durch Verdrängung des Werkstoffs. Dazu werden in die Umfangsfläche des Profilkörpers Drückkanten eingebracht, die im Zuge der Bearbeitung das gewünschte Gewinde in dem Werkstück erzeugen. Die Drückkanten können ein polygonförmiges Gewindeprofil bilden. Der Schaftkörper weist einen Einspannabschnitt auf, mit dem er in eine entsprechende Werkzeugmaschine zum rotierenden Antreiben und gegebenenfalls Vorschieben eingespannt wird.With thread formers or drills, for example, internal threads can be produced in a workpiece. The thread former or drill according to the invention is provided for forming an internal thread in a workpiece. Taps are based on a bolt-shaped basic shape, which are produced by the introduction of particular paraxial or oblique flutes cutting in the peripheral surface of the profile body, which produce a thread in the workpiece machining. Thread formers for producing internal threads are also geometrically derived from a bolt. However, they do not create the thread in the workpiece by machining, but only by displacement of the material. For this purpose, pressing edges are introduced into the peripheral surface of the profile body, which generate the desired thread in the workpiece during machining. The pressing edges can form a polygonal thread profile. The shaft body has a clamping portion, with which it is clamped in a corresponding machine tool for rotating driving and optionally advancing.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die dreidimensionale Drucktechnik (3D-Drucktrechnik) genutzt, um zumindest den Profilkörper des Gewindeformers oder -bohrers herzustellen und dabei eine innerhalb des Schaftkörpers ausgebildete Kühlmittelversorgungsleitung zu erzeugen, die mit mehreren ebenfalls innerhalb des Profilkörpers ausgebildeten Kühlmittelverteilleitungen verbunden ist. Die Kühlmittelverteilleitungen besitzen jeweils eine Austrittsöffnung im Bereich der Gewindedrückkanten oder Gewindeschneiden. Außerdem ist innerhalb des Schaftkörpers eine Kühlmittelversorgungsleitung ausgebildet, die bei miteinander verbundenem Schaftkörper und Profilkörper mit der Kühlmittelzuführleitung des Profilkörpers fluchtet. Die Kühlmittelleitungen des erfindungsgemäßen Gewindeformers oder -bohrers dienen in an sich bekannter Weise zum Führen eines Kühlmittels, insbesondere eines Kühlfluids, wie Wasser und/oder Öl. Mit Hilfe der 3D-Drucktechnik können Kühlmittelleitungsgeometrien erzeugt werden, die mit konventionellen Herstellungsverfahren, insbesondere Bohrverfahren, nicht realisierbar sind. Außerdem können die Kühlmittelleitungen in dem Profilkörper und gegebenenfalls in dem Schaftkörper mittels 3D-Drucktechnik hochpräzise erzeugt werden, so dass auch die Kühlmittelübergabe im Bereich des Anschlusses des Schaftkörpers an den Profilkörper in betriebssicherer Weise erfolgen kann. Die Erfindung ermöglicht gekrümmte und andere Verläufe der Kühlmittelleitungen, angepasst an die besonderen konstruktiven Bedingungen und die Anforderungen an das Kühlmittel im Betrieb, die im Stand der Technik nicht möglich sind.According to the invention, the three-dimensional printing technique (3D printing technique) is used to produce at least the profile body of the thread former or drill and thereby to produce a formed within the shaft body coolant supply line, which is connected to a plurality of also formed within the profile body Kühlmittelverteilleitungen. The coolant distribution lines each have an outlet opening in the region of the threaded press edges or thread cutting. In addition, a coolant supply line is formed within the shaft body, which is aligned with interconnected shaft body and profile body with the coolant supply line of the profile body. The coolant lines of the thread former or drill according to the invention serve in a manner known per se for guiding a coolant, in particular a cooling fluid, such as water and / or oil. With the help of 3D printing technology coolant line geometries can be generated, which are not feasible with conventional manufacturing methods, in particular drilling methods. In addition, the coolant lines in the profile body and possibly in the shaft body by means of 3D printing technology can be generated with high precision, so that the coolant transfer in the region of the connection of the shaft body to the profile body can be done in a reliable manner. The invention enables curved and other courses of the coolant lines, adapted to the particular design conditions and the requirements of the coolant in operation, which are not possible in the prior art.
An der Umfangsfläche des Profilkörpers sind Schneiden oder Drückkanten zur Herstellung des gewünschten Gewindes an einem Werkstück vorgesehen. Diese können nachfolgend zu dem 3D-Druckverfahren beispielsweise durch Schleifen in den Profilkörper eingebracht worden sein. Das 3D-Druckverfahren kann also einen Profilkörperrohling erzeugen, in den anschließend die Schneiden oder Drückkanten eingearbeitet werden.On the peripheral surface of the profile body cutting or pressing edges for producing the desired thread on a workpiece are provided. These may subsequently have been introduced into the profile body by grinding, for example, by means of grinding. The 3D printing process can thus produce a profiled body blank into which the cutting or pressing edges are then incorporated.
Der Profilkörper ist erfindungsgemäß als separates Profilelement ausgebildet und wird mittels geeigneter Befestigungsmittel drehfest und insbesondere zentrisch und lösbar am Schaftkörper befestigt. Zur Befestigung kommt beispielsweise eine Schraubverbindung in Frage, wie unten näher erläutert. Der Schaftkörper kann zylindrisch sein. Der Profilkörper kann ebenfalls eine zylindrische Grundform besitzen. Der Profilkörper kann an seinem dem Schaftkörper abgewandten Ende einen Anlauf- oder Anschnittbereich besitzen, an den sich in Richtung des Schaftkörpers ein Führungsabschnitt anschließt, an den sich wiederum der mit dem Schaftkörper verbundene Anschlussabschnitt anschließt. Der Profilkörper kann sich beispielsweise im Anlauf- oder Anschnittbereich in Richtung seines von dem Schaftkörper abgewandten freien Endes konisch verjüngen.The profile body is inventively designed as a separate profile element and is rotatably secured by means of suitable fastening means and in particular centrally and detachably on the shaft body. For fastening, for example, a screw in question, as explained in more detail below. The shaft body may be cylindrical. The profile body may also have a cylindrical basic shape. The profile body may have at its end facing away from the shaft body a start-up or gate region, which is followed by a guide section in the direction of the shaft body, which in turn is followed by the connection section connected to the shaft body. The profile body may, for example, taper conically in the starting or gate area in the direction of its free end facing away from the shaft body.
Erfindungsgemäß können insbesondere nur eine Kühlmittelversorgungsleitung und nur eine Kühlmittelzuführleitung vorgesehen sein. Diese eine Kühlmittelzuführleitung verzweigt dann in unterschiedliche Kühlmittelverteilleitungen, die das Kühlmittel an unterschiedlichen geeigneten Stellen der Umfangsfläche des Profilkörpers ausbringen. Durch das Vorsehen nur einer Kühlmittelversorgungsleitung und nur einer Kühlmittelzuführleitung erfolgt eine minimale Schwächung des Profilkörpers und des Schaftkörpers.According to the invention, in particular only one coolant supply line and only one coolant supply line can be provided. This one Kühlmittelzuführleitung then branches into different coolant distribution lines that deploy the coolant at different suitable locations of the peripheral surface of the profile body. By providing only one coolant supply line and only one coolant supply line there is minimal weakening of the profile body and the shaft body.
Auch der Schaftkörper kann schichtweise in einem 3D-Druckverfahern aufgebaut worden sein. Damit sind auch der Schaftkörper und insbesondere die Kühlmittelversorgungsleitung mit größtmöglicher Flexibilität herstellbar.The shaft body may also have been constructed in layers in a 3D printing process. Thus, the shaft body and in particular the coolant supply line with the greatest possible flexibility can be produced.
Wie bereits erläutert, kann der Profilkörper durch eine Schraubverbindung an dem Schaftkörper befestigt werden. Beispielsweise kann der Profilkörper mittels eines axial durch den Profilkörper in den Schaftkörper einschraubbaren Schraubenbolzens an dem Schaftkörper befestigbar sein.As already explained, the profile body can be fastened by a screw connection to the shaft body. For example, the profile body can be fastened to the shaft body by means of a bolt which can be screwed axially into the shaft body through the profile body.
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Anschlussabschnitt des Profilkörpers Formschlusselemente aufweist, die im an dem Schaftkörper befestigten Zustand in korrespondierende Formschlusselemente des Halteabschnitts des Schaftkörpers derart eingreifen, dass der Profilkörper nur in einer eindeutig definierten Drehposition an dem Schaftkörper befestigbar ist. Die Formschlusselemente sind also nicht rotationssymmetrisch, sondern geben durch eine geeignete Formbildung eine bestimmte Drehausrichtung vor, in der der Schaftkörper und der Profilkörper für ihre Verbindung zueinander ausgerichtet werden müssen.According to a further embodiment it can be provided that the connection portion of the profile body has positive locking elements which engage in the state fixed to the shaft body in corresponding form-locking elements of the holding portion of the shaft body such that the profile body can be fastened to the shaft body only in a clearly defined rotational position. The interlocking elements are therefore not rotationally symmetrical, but by a suitable shape forming a certain Drehausrichtung in which the shaft body and the profile body must be aligned for their connection to each other.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist dies, wenn gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung die bei an dem Schaftkörper befestigtem Profilkörper einander zugewandten Öffnungen von Kühlmittelversorgungsleitung und Kühlmittelzuführleitung in Bezug auf die Längsachsen von Schaftkörper und Profilkörper jeweils außeraxial liegen. Dazu kann es weiter erforderlich sein, dass die in dem Schaftkörper ausgebildete Kühlmittelversorgungsleitung einen ein- oder mehrfach gekrümmten Verlauf besitzt. So wird das Kühlmittel in den Schaftkörper in der Regel im Bereich des Einspannabschnitts koaxial zu der Längsachse des Schaftkörpers aus einer Versorgung zugeführt. Andererseits ragt an dem gegenüberliegenden Ende des Schaftkörpers in der Regel ebenfalls koaxial der Schraubenbolzen zum Befestigen des Profilkörpers an dem Schaftkörper in diesen hinein. Durch das Ausbilden einer gekrümmten Kühlmittelversorgungsleitung kann bei koaxialer Zuführung des Kühlfluids im Bereich des Einspannabschnitts des Schaftkörpers die Schraubverbindung zur Befestigung des Profilkörpers umgangen werden.This is particularly advantageous when, according to a further embodiment, the profiled bodies fastened to the shaft body lie opposite openings of coolant supply line and coolant supply line with respect to the longitudinal axes of shaft body and profile body. For this purpose, it may further be necessary for the coolant supply line formed in the shaft body to have a single or multiple curved course. Thus, the coolant is supplied into the shaft body usually in the region of the Einspannabschnitts coaxially to the longitudinal axis of the shaft body from a supply. On the other hand protrudes at the opposite end of the shaft body also usually coaxial with the bolt for fastening of the profile body on the shaft body in this inside. By forming a curved coolant supply line, the screw connection for fastening the profile body can be bypassed in the case of coaxial supply of the cooling fluid in the region of the clamping section of the shaft body.
Auch die Kühlmittelzuführleitung in dem Profilkörper kann einen ein- oder mehrfachgekrümmten Verlauf besitzen. Erforderlich ist dies aber nicht. Nach einer besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung kann die Kühlmittelzuführleitung des Profilkörpers mit mindestens einer innerhalb des Profilkörpers ausgebildeten Kühlmittelringleitung verbunden sein, von der die Kühlmittelverteilleitungen abgehen. Insbesondere kann die Kühlmittelzuführleitung des Profilkörpers mit mindestens zwei innerhalb des Profilkörpers ausgebildeten, in Axialrichtung des Profilkörpers versetzt zueinander angeordneten Kühlmittelringleitungen verbunden sein, wobei von jeder der Ringleitungen mehrere Kühlmittelverteilleitungen abgehen.The Kühlmittelzuführleitung in the profile body may have a single or multi-curved course. But this is not necessary. According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the Kühlmittelzuführleitung of the profile body may be connected to at least one formed within the profile body coolant ring line, depart from the coolant distribution lines. In particular, the Kühlmittelzuführleitung of the profile body with at least two formed within the profile body, offset in the axial direction of the profile body mutually arranged coolant ring lines may be connected, wherein depart from each of the ring lines several Kühlmittelverteilleitungen.
Die Kühlmittelzuführleitung kann dann in Bezug auf die Längsachse des Profilkörpers außeraxial von einer Übergabeöffnung im Bereich des Anschlussabschnitts bis zu der Verbindung mit der Ringleitung oder den Ringleitungen verlaufen. Die von den unterschiedlichen, innerhalb des Profilkörpers ausgebildeten Ringleitungen abgehenden Kühlmittelverteilleitungen können jeweils axial zueinander versetzte Austrittsöffnungen am Umfang des Profilkörpers besitzen. Es wird damit eine besonders gleichmäßige Verteilung des Kühlmittels im Bereich der Gewindedrückkanten und der Gewindeschneiden erreicht. Die Ringleitung(en) kann bzw. können (jeweils) einen koaxial zur Längsachse des Profilkörpers ausgerichteten Kreisring bilden. Von diesem können dann in radialer Richtung bzw. unter weitgehend beliebigen Winkeln zur Längsachse des Profilkörpers die Kühlmittelverteilleitungen abgehen.The coolant supply line can then extend in relation to the longitudinal axis of the profile body off-axis from a transfer opening in the region of the connection section to the connection with the ring line or the ring lines. The cooling medium distribution lines emerging from the different ring loops formed inside the profiled body can each have axially offset outlet openings on the circumference of the profiled body. It is thus achieved a particularly uniform distribution of the coolant in the threaded rear edges and tapping. The ring line (s) may or may (respectively) form a coaxial with the longitudinal axis of the profile body aligned annulus. From this can then go off in the radial direction or at largely arbitrary angles to the longitudinal axis of the profile body, the coolant distribution lines.
Insbesondere kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Längsachsen der Austrittsöffnungen einer ersten Gruppe von Kühlmittelverteilleitungen in einem spitzen Winkel zu einer von dem Schaftkörper wegführenden Längsachse des Profilkörpers verlaufen, und dass die Längsachsen der Austrittsöffnungen einer zweiten Gruppe von Kühlmittelverteilleitungen in einem stumpfen Winkel zu einer von dem Schaftkörper wegführenden Längsachse des Profilkörpers verlaufen. Bei dieser Ausgestaltung besitzt eine erste Gruppe von Kühlmittelverteilleitungen Längsachsen im Bereich ihrer Austrittsöffnungen, die unter einem Winkel von weniger als 90° zu der Längsachse des Profilkörpers besitzen, und zwar gesehen in einer Richtung dieser Längsachse von dem Schaftkörper weg. Eine zweite Gruppe von Kühlmittelverteilleitungen besitzt dagegen im Bereich ihrer Austrittsöffnungen eine Längsachse, die unter einem Winkel von mehr als 90° zu der Längsachse des Profilkörpers liegen, wiederum gesehen in einer Richtung von dem Schaftkörper weg. Es ist möglich, dass sämtliche Kühlmittelverteilleitungen entweder der ersten Gruppe oder der zweiten Gruppe angehören. Es wird ein Austritt des Kühlmittels in unterschiedliche Richtungen erreicht, je nach Gruppe von Kühlmittelverteilleitungen. Eine Winkelhalbierende zwischen den Längsachsen der Kühlmittelverteilleitungen der beiden Gruppen kann senkrecht zu der Längsachse des Profilkörpers verlaufen. Durch unterschiedliche Winkel der Austrittsrichtungen der unterschiedlichen Kühlmittelverteilleitungen kann eine besonders gleichmäßige und flexible Ausbringung des Kühlmittels erreicht werden.In particular, it may be provided that the longitudinal axes of the outlet openings of a first group of coolant distribution lines extend at an acute angle to a longitudinal axis of the profile body leading away from the shaft body, and that the longitudinal axes of the outlet openings of a second group of coolant distribution lines are at an obtuse angle to one of the shaft body wegführenden longitudinal axis of the profile body. In this embodiment, a first group of Kühlmittelverteilleitungen has longitudinal axes in the region of their outlet openings, which have at an angle of less than 90 ° to the longitudinal axis of the profile body, as seen in a direction of this longitudinal axis away from the shaft body. In contrast, a second group of coolant distribution lines has a longitudinal axis in the region of its outlet openings which lie at an angle of more than 90 ° to the longitudinal axis of the profile body, again in a direction away from the shaft body. It is possible that all coolant distribution lines belong to either the first group or the second group. There is a leakage of the coolant is achieved in different directions, depending on the group of Kühlmittelverteilleitungen. An angle bisector between the longitudinal axes of the coolant distribution lines of the two groups can run perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the profile body. By different angles of the outlet directions of the different coolant distribution lines, a particularly uniform and flexible application of the coolant can be achieved.
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung kann sich der Querschnitt zumindest einiger Kühlmittelverteilleitungen, insbesondere sämtlicher Kühlmittelverteilleitungen, im Bereich ihrer Austrittsöffnungen verjüngen. Die Kühlmittelverteilleitungen können sich beispielsweise konisch verjüngen, insbesondere düsenförmig. Es wird damit eine besonders fokussierte Ausbringung des Kühlmittels erreicht, um beispielsweise im Zuge einer spanenden Bearbeitung erzeugte Späne abzutransportieren.According to a further embodiment, the cross section of at least some coolant distribution lines, in particular of all coolant distribution lines, can taper in the region of their outlet openings. The coolant distribution lines may, for example, taper conically, in particular nozzle-shaped. It is thus achieved a particularly focused application of the coolant, for example, to remove chips generated in the course of a machining operation.
Es ist jedoch auch möglich, dass sich der Querschnitt zumindest einiger Kühlmittelverteilleitungen, insbesondere sämtlicher Kühlmittelverteilleitungen, im Bereich ihrer Austrittsöffnungen erweitert, beispielsweise konisch erweitert. Die Erweiterung kann zum Beispiel trompetenförmig sein. Es wird somit ein aufgefächertes Ausbringen des Kühlmittels erreicht.However, it is also possible for the cross section of at least some coolant distribution lines, in particular of all coolant distribution lines, to be widened in the region of their outlet openings, for example to be conically widened. The extension may be, for example, trumpet-shaped. It is thus achieved a fanned out spreading of the coolant.
Natürlich ist es auch möglich, dass sich der Querschnitt zumindest einiger, insbesondere sämtlicher Kühlmittelverteilleitungen, im Bereich ihrer Austrittsöffnungen nicht verändert, sondern beispielsweise (kreis-)zylindrisch bleibt.Of course, it is also possible that the cross section of at least some, in particular all coolant distribution lines, does not change in the region of their outlet openings, but for example (circular) remains cylindrical.
Im Bereich des Übergangs zwischen der Kühlmittelversorgungsleitung und der Kühlmittelzuführleitung kann mindestens ein Dichtring angeordnet sein. Auf diese Weise wird der Übergang zwischen der Kühlmittelversorgungsleitung und der Kühlmittelzuführleitung sicher abgedichtet. Denkbar ist beispielsweise ein die Übergabeöffnung der Kühlmittelversorgungsleitung oder der Kühlmittelzuführleitung beispielsweise konzentrisch umgebender Dichtring. Denkbar ist aber beispielsweise auch ein (größerer) koaxial zu den Längsachsen von Schaftkörper und Profilkörper angeordneter Dichtring, der auch die Übergabeöffnungen zwischen Kühlmittelversorgungsleitung und Kühlmittelzuführleitung umschließt, jedoch auch im Wesentlichen die Formschlusselemente vollständig umschließen kann. Natürlich ist auch eine Kombination beider genannten Dichtringe möglich, um die Abdichtwirkung weiter zu verbessern.At least one sealing ring may be arranged in the region of the transition between the coolant supply line and the coolant supply line. In this way, the passage between the coolant supply pipe and the coolant supply pipe is securely sealed. It is conceivable, for example, a the transfer opening of the coolant supply line or the coolant supply, for example, concentrically surrounding sealing ring. It is also conceivable, for example, a (larger) arranged coaxially to the longitudinal axes of the shaft body and profile body sealing ring, which also surrounds the transfer openings between the coolant supply line and coolant supply, but also can substantially completely enclose the interlocking elements. Of course, a combination of both said sealing rings is possible to further improve the sealing effect.
Zumindest der Profilkörper kann aus einem Hartmetall (HM), einem Schnellarbeitsstahl (HSS) oder einem Keramikwerkstoff bestehen. Weiterhin kann zumindest der Profilkörper mit einer Hartstoffschicht beschichtet sein, vorzugsweise hergestellt in einem CVD-Verfahren oder einem PVD-Verfahren. Als Hartstoffschichten kommen beispielsweise TiN-, TiAlN-, TiCN- oder AlCrN-Schichten in Frage. Die Hartstoffschicht kann nachträglich geglättet werden.At least the profile body may consist of a hard metal (HM), a high-speed steel (HSS) or a ceramic material. Furthermore, at least the profile body may be coated with a hard material layer, preferably produced in a CVD method or a PVD method. Suitable hard material layers are, for example, TiN, TiAlN, TiCN or AlCrN layers. The hard material layer can be subsequently smoothed.
Die Erfindung löst die Aufgabe außerdem durch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Gewindeformers oder -bohrers, bei dem zumindest der Profilkörper in einem 3D-Druckverfahren hergestellt wird, indem in einer Form Material schichtweise ausgebracht und durch selektives Aufschmelzen oder Sintern des ausgebrachten Materials zumindest der Profilkörper des Gewindeformers oder - bohrers aufgebaut wird.The invention also solves the problem by a method for producing a thread former or drill according to the invention, in which at least the profile body is produced in a 3D printing process by applying layered material in a mold and by selective melting or sintering of the applied material at least the profile body of the thread former or drill.
Das insbesondere pulverförmige Material wird für den 3D-Druck schichtweise in eine Form ausgebracht. Bei dem Material kann es sich insbesondere um einen Metallwerkstoff oder einen Keramikwerkstoff handeln. Das selektive Aufschmelzen oder Sintern des Materials zum Bilden der gewünschten dreidimensionalen Form kann beispielsweise ein selektives Laserschmelzen oder selektives Lasersintern sein. Es erfolgt somit ein schichtweiser Aufbau zumindest des Profilkörpers bzw. Profilkörperrohlings des Gewindeformers oder -bohrers und gegebenenfalls auch des Schaftkörpers.The particular powdery material is applied in layers for the 3D printing in a form. The material may in particular be a metal material or a ceramic material. The selective reflow or sintering of the material to form the desired three-dimensional shape may be, for example, selective laser melting or selective laser sintering. There is thus a layered structure of at least the profile body or profile body blank of the thread former or drill and possibly also the shaft body.
Im Zuge des 3D-Druckverfahrens kann mindestens ein Dichtring im Bereich des Übergangs zwischen der Kühlmittelversorgungsleitung und der Kühlmittelzuführleitung ausgebildet werden, wie oben erläutert. Dabei kann auch der Dichtring bzw. können auch die Dichtringe in dem 3D-Druckverfahren erzeugt werden. Der Dichtring bzw. die Dichtringe können zum Beispiel aus Kunststoff bestehen. Wie bereits erläutert, kann weiter vorgesehen sein, dass nach dem 3D-Druckverfahren Schneiden oder Drückkanten zum Erzeugen eines Gewindes in einem Werkstück in die Umfangsfläche des Profilkörpers des Gewindeformers oder -bohrers eingearbeitet werden, insbesondere eingeschliffen werden.In the course of the 3D printing process, at least one sealing ring can be formed in the region of the transition between the coolant supply line and the coolant supply line, as explained above. In this case, the sealing ring or even the sealing rings can be generated in the 3D printing process. The sealing ring or the sealing rings may be made of plastic, for example. As already explained, it can further be provided that, according to the 3D printing method, cutting or pressing edges for producing a thread in a workpiece are worked into the peripheral surface of the profile body of the thread former or drill, in particular ground.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand von Zeichnungen erläutert. Es zeigen schematisch:
- Fig. 1
- einen Teil eines erfindungsgemäßen Gewindeformers in einer Schnittansicht,
- Fig. 2
- den Schaftkörper des Gewindeformers aus
Fig. 1 in einer Schnittansicht, - Fig. 3
- den Profilkörperrohling des in
Fig. 1 gezeigten Gewindeformers in einer teiltransparenten Seitenansicht, - Fig. 4
- den Profilkörperrohling aus
Fig. 3 in einer Schnittansicht entlang der Linie 4-4 inFig. 3 , - Fig. 5
- das in
Fig. 4 bei A gezeigte Detail in einer vergrößerten Ansicht, - Fig. 6
- ein weiteres Detail eines Profilkörperrohlings eines erfindungsgemäßen Gewindeformers in einer Schnittansicht,
- Fig. 7
- ein weiteres Detail eines erfindungsgemäßen Gewindeformers in einer Schnittansicht,
- Fig. 8
- eine teiltransparente Draufsicht auf den in
Fig. 3 gezeigten Profilkörperrohling, - Fig. 9
- einen Profilkörperrohling nach einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel in einer Schnittansicht,
- Fig. 10
- einen Profilkörperrohling nach einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel in einer Schnittansicht,
- Fig. 11
- ein Detail eines Profilkörperrohlings nach einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel in einer Schnittansicht, und
- Fig. 12
- einen Profilkörper des erfindungsgemäßen Gewindeformers in einer Seitenansicht.
- Fig. 1
- a part of a thread former according to the invention in a sectional view,
- Fig. 2
- the shaft body of the thread former
Fig. 1 in a sectional view, - Fig. 3
- the profile body blank of in
Fig. 1 shown thread former in a semi-transparent side view, - Fig. 4
- the profile body blank
Fig. 3 in a sectional view taken along the line 4-4 in FIGFig. 3 . - Fig. 5
- this in
Fig. 4 detail shown at A in an enlarged view, - Fig. 6
- a further detail of a profiled body blank of a thread former according to the invention in a sectional view,
- Fig. 7
- a further detail of a thread former according to the invention in a sectional view,
- Fig. 8
- a semi-transparent top view of the in
Fig. 3 profile body blank shown, - Fig. 9
- a profile body blank according to a further embodiment in a sectional view,
- Fig. 10
- a profile body blank according to a further embodiment in a sectional view,
- Fig. 11
- a detail of a profiled body blank according to a further embodiment in a sectional view, and
- Fig. 12
- a profile body of the thread former according to the invention in a side view.
Soweit nichts anderes angegeben ist, bezeichnen in den Figuren gleiche Bezugszeichen gleiche Gegenstände.Unless otherwise indicated, like reference characters designate like items throughout the figures.
Der in den Figuren gezeigte Gewindeformer umfasst einen Schaftkörper 10, der an seinem einen Ende einen Einspannabschnitt 12 und an seinem anderen Ende einen Halteabschnitt 14 aufweist. Weiterhin umfasst der Gewindeformer einen separat von dem Schaftkörper 10 ausgebildeten Profilkörperrohling 16. Zur Bildung des fertigen Profilkörpers werden in die Umfangsfläche des Profilkörperrohlings 16 noch Gewindedrückkanten oder -schneiden zum Formen oder Schneiden eines Gewindes an einem Werkstück ausgebildet. Dies kann beispielsweise durch Schleifen geschehen. In
Der in den Figuren gezeigte Profilkörperrohling 16 besitzt einen Anschlussabschnitt 20, mit dem er an dem Halteabschnitt 14 des Schaftkörpers 10 befestigt ist. Dazu weist der Anschlussabschnitt eine Mehrzahl von Formschlusselementen 22 auf, die im zusammengesetzten Zustand mit korrespondierenden Formschlusselementen 24 des Halteabschnitts 14 des Schaftkörpers 10 in Eingriff stehen. Die zueinander korrespondierenden Formschlusselemente 22, 24 sind dabei so ausgebildet, dass der Profilkörperrohling 16 und der Schaftkörper 10 nur in einer eindeutig definierten Drehposition aneinander befestigbar sind, in der die Formschlusselemente 22 und die Formschlusselemente 24 in Eingriff kommen.The profile body blank 16 shown in the figures has a
Bei dem Bezugszeichen 26 ist eine Bohrung mit Innengewinde des Schaftkörpers 10 zu erkennen. Im miteinander verbundenen Zustand fluchtet diese Bohrung 26 mit einer Bohrung 28 des Profilkörperrohlings 16. Zur Befestigung des Profilkörperrohlings 16 an dem Schaftkörper 10 wird ein Schraubenbolzen durch die Bohrung 28 hindurch in das Innengewinde der Bohrung 26 eingeschraubt, wie dies an sich bekannt ist. Auf diese Weise wird der zylindrische Schaftkörper 10 mit dem ebenfalls eine zylindrische Grundform aufweisenden Profilkörperrohling 16 koaxial verbunden. Die gemeinsame Längsachse ist in
In dem dargestellten Beispiel wurden sowohl der Profilkörperrohling 16 als auch der Schaftkörper 10 in einem 3D-Druckverfahren schichtweise aus einem Metall- oder Keramikwerkstoff aufgebaut. Dabei wurde in dem Schaftkörper 10 eine Kühlmittelversorgungsleitung 32 ausgebildet. Die Kühlmittelversorgungsleitung 32 ist mit einer koaxial zur Längsachse 30 des Schaftkörpers 10 angeordneten Kühlmittelversorgung 34 verbunden und besitzt eine Krümmung, so dass eine Übergabeöffnung 36 der Kühlmittelversorgungsleitung 32 in Bezug auf die Längsachse 30 außeraxial liegt. Im zusammengesetzten Zustand fluchtet diese Übergabeöffnung 36 mit einer korrespondierenden Übergabeöffnung 38 einer innerhalb des Profilkörperrohlings 16 ausgebildeten Kühlmittelzuführleitung 40. Die Kühlmittelzuführleitung 40 mündet bei dem in den
In der vergrößerten Ausschnittsdarstellung der
Die
Das Ausführungsbeispiel der
In
In dem Ausführungsbeispiel der
Die zuletzt erläuterten unterschiedlichen Ausführungsbeispiele dienen insbesondere mit Blick auf die Ausgestaltung der Kühlmittelverteilleitungen lediglich zur beispielhaften Veranschaulichung und sollen unterschiedliche Möglichkeiten für die Ausbildung der Kühlmittelverteilleitungen aufzeigen. Es versteht sich, dass die unterschiedlichen Ausgestaltungen der gezeigten Kühlmittelverteilleitungen in beliebiger und insbesondere anderer Weise als in den Figuren gezeigt miteinander kombinierbar sind.The last-mentioned different embodiments are used, in particular with regard to the design of the coolant distribution lines only for exemplary illustration and are intended to show different possibilities for the design of coolant distribution lines. It is understood that the different configurations of the coolant distribution lines shown can be combined with one another in any desired and, in particular, other ways than shown in the figures.
Claims (18)
Priority Applications (1)
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EP15195387.4A EP3170601B1 (en) | 2015-11-19 | 2015-11-19 | Thread former or tap and method for producing a thread former or tap |
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP15195387.4A EP3170601B1 (en) | 2015-11-19 | 2015-11-19 | Thread former or tap and method for producing a thread former or tap |
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EP3170601A1 true EP3170601A1 (en) | 2017-05-24 |
EP3170601B1 EP3170601B1 (en) | 2018-04-04 |
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Cited By (2)
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EP3636375A1 (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2020-04-15 | EMUGE-Werk Richard Glimpel GmbH & Co.KG Fabrik für Präzisionswerkzeuge | Method for producing a threaded tool and a threaded tool |
CN117696969A (en) * | 2024-02-04 | 2024-03-15 | 东方蓝天钛金科技有限公司 | Bolt thread drilling positioning device and method |
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CN117696969B (en) * | 2024-02-04 | 2024-04-09 | 东方蓝天钛金科技有限公司 | Bolt thread drilling positioning device and method |
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