EP3152281A1 - Defoaming agent and associated methods of use - Google Patents
Defoaming agent and associated methods of useInfo
- Publication number
- EP3152281A1 EP3152281A1 EP15802917.3A EP15802917A EP3152281A1 EP 3152281 A1 EP3152281 A1 EP 3152281A1 EP 15802917 A EP15802917 A EP 15802917A EP 3152281 A1 EP3152281 A1 EP 3152281A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lubricating oil
- silica
- oil composition
- aqueous fluid
- defoaming agent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- -1 polydimethylsiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 16
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 6
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910002012 Aerosil® Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007866 anti-wear additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 4
- WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H trizinc;dioxido-sulfanylidene-sulfido-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical class [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000004965 Silica aerogel Substances 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC=C CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tetradecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC=C HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ICKWICRCANNIBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 ICKWICRCANNIBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WJQOZHYUIDYNHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-Butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1O WJQOZHYUIDYNHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IKEHOXWJQXIQAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 IKEHOXWJQXIQAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XOUQAVYLRNOXDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-5-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C(O)=C1 XOUQAVYLRNOXDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- FQUNFJULCYSSOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisoctrizole Chemical compound N1=C2C=CC=CC2=NN1C1=CC(C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)=CC(CC=2C(=C(C=C(C=2)C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)O)=C1O FQUNFJULCYSSOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PDEDQSAFHNADLV-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;disodium;dinitrate;nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[K+].[O-]N=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O PDEDQSAFHNADLV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical class O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N (2r,3r,4s)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OIWIYLWZIIJNHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-sulfanylpyrazole Chemical compound SN1C=CC=N1 OIWIYLWZIIJNHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZBRNSXOKGALPHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-[(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylsulfanyl]decanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(CSCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O ZBRNSXOKGALPHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OPLCSTZDXXUYDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 OPLCSTZDXXUYDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JZODKRWQWUWGCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-di-tert-butylbenzene-1,4-diol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(O)=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1O JZODKRWQWUWGCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVUXDWXKPROUDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol Chemical compound CCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 BVUXDWXKPROUDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLUKQUGVTITNSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol Chemical compound COC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 SLUKQUGVTITNSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YQQQXXUABFURLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-ditert-butyl-4-ethoxyphenol Chemical compound CCOC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 YQQQXXUABFURLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROHFBIREHKPELA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]prop-2-enoic acid;methane Chemical compound C.CC(C)(C)C1=CC(CC(=C)C(O)=O)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O.CC(C)(C)C1=CC(CC(=C)C(O)=O)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O.CC(C)(C)C1=CC(CC(=C)C(O)=O)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O.CC(C)(C)C1=CC(CC(=C)C(O)=O)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O ROHFBIREHKPELA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSRJVOOOWGXUDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-[3-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)propanoyloxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl 3-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C)C=2)C(C)(C)C)=C1 QSRJVOOOWGXUDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROGIWVXWXZRRMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbuta-1,3-diene;styrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 ROGIWVXWXZRRMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMOYOUMVYICGCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1C(C)(C)C IMOYOUMVYICGCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPNYZBKIGXGYNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-6-[(3-tert-butyl-5-ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-4-ethylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(CC)=CC(CC=2C(=C(C=C(CC)C=2)C(C)(C)C)O)=C1O GPNYZBKIGXGYNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPMYUUITDBHVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(CCC(O)=O)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O WPMYUUITDBHVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MRBKEAMVRSLQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 MRBKEAMVRSLQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol Chemical class C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHCCIUPVUCVKIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,6-ditert-butyl-2-(3,5-ditert-butyl-2,6-dihydroxyphenyl)sulfanylbenzene-1,3-diol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(SC=2C(=C(C=C(C=2O)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)O)=C1O JHCCIUPVUCVKIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PRWJPWSKLXYEPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4,4-bis(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)butan-2-yl]-2-tert-butyl-5-methylphenol Chemical compound C=1C(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C=C(C)C=1C(C)CC(C=1C(=CC(O)=C(C=1)C(C)(C)C)C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C=C1C PRWJPWSKLXYEPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSAWBBYYMBQKIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[[3,5-bis[(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-2,4,6-trimethylphenyl]methyl]-2,6-ditert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC1=C(CC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)=C(CC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)=C1CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 VSAWBBYYMBQKIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QHPQWRBYOIRBIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QHPQWRBYOIRBIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LZDOYVMSNJBLIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-butylphenol;formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C.CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 LZDOYVMSNJBLIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Natural products CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000005069 Extreme pressure additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010021580 Inadequate lubrication Diseases 0.000 description 1
- XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Phenyl-1-naphthylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KEQFTVQCIQJIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Phenyl-2-naphthylamine Chemical class C=1C=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 KEQFTVQCIQJIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- CGRTZESQZZGAAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-[3-[1-[3-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)propanoyloxy]-2-methylpropan-2-yl]-2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro[5.5]undecan-9-yl]-2-methylpropyl] 3-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCC(C)(C)C2OCC3(CO2)COC(OC3)C(C)(C)COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C)C=2)C(C)(C)C)=C1 CGRTZESQZZGAAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYRMLECORMNZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-B [Mo+4].[Mo+4].[Mo+4].[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S Chemical compound [Mo+4].[Mo+4].[Mo+4].[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S XYRMLECORMNZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C2=NON=C12 JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- GBAJYMPPJATTKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl(trifluoro)silane Chemical compound CCCC[Si](F)(F)F GBAJYMPPJATTKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000003850 cellular structure Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940069096 dodecene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005078 molybdenum compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002752 molybdenum compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KHYKFSXXGRUKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-J molybdenum(4+) tetracarbamodithioate Chemical class C(N)([S-])=S.[Mo+4].C(N)([S-])=S.C(N)([S-])=S.C(N)([S-])=S KHYKFSXXGRUKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- RQVGZVZFVNMBGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-octyl-n-phenylaniline Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1N(CCCCCCCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 RQVGZVZFVNMBGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZAOWUQONUDABE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-octyl-n-phenylnaphthalen-2-amine Chemical compound C=1C=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=1N(CCCCCCCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 XZAOWUQONUDABE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHJCZOMOUCUAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-tert-butyl-n-phenylaniline Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1N(C(C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 MHJCZOMOUCUAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002990 phenothiazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004986 phenylenediamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910002028 silica xerogel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003582 thiophosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- SXYOAESUCSYJNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;bis(6-methylheptoxy)-sulfanylidene-sulfido-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC(C)CCCCCOP([S-])(=S)OCCCCCC(C)C.CC(C)CCCCCOP([S-])(=S)OCCCCCC(C)C SXYOAESUCSYJNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M161/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
- B01D19/02—Foam dispersion or prevention
- B01D19/04—Foam dispersion or prevention by addition of chemical substances
- B01D19/0404—Foam dispersion or prevention by addition of chemical substances characterised by the nature of the chemical substance
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
- B01D19/02—Foam dispersion or prevention
- B01D19/04—Foam dispersion or prevention by addition of chemical substances
- B01D19/0404—Foam dispersion or prevention by addition of chemical substances characterised by the nature of the chemical substance
- B01D19/0409—Foam dispersion or prevention by addition of chemical substances characterised by the nature of the chemical substance compounds containing Si-atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/16—Solid spheres
- C08K7/18—Solid spheres inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L83/04—Polysiloxanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L91/00—Compositions of oils, fats or waxes; Compositions of derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
- C10M125/26—Compounds containing silicon or boron, e.g. silica, sand
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M155/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M143/00 - C10M153/00
- C10M155/02—Monomer containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
- C10M171/004—Foam inhibited lubricant compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
- C10M2201/105—Silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/12—Glass
- C10M2201/126—Glass used as thickening agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/17—Fisher Tropsch reaction products
- C10M2205/173—Fisher Tropsch reaction products used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
- C10M2229/041—Siloxanes with specific structure containing aliphatic substituents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/055—Particles related characteristics
- C10N2020/06—Particles of special shape or size
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/18—Anti-foaming property
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/02—Bearings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants
Definitions
- Lubricating oils including hydraulic oils and crankcase oils, are often used to reduce friction between members and to assist in the operation of many mechanical constituents.
- Such lubricating oils are used in environments in which the oil is subject to mechanical agitation in the presence of air. As a consequence, air may undesirably become entrained in the oil and/or cause the formation of foam.
- Foam generally refers to a collection of air bubbles formed in or on the surface of a liquid
- air entrainment generally refers to the dispersion of air bubbles within a liquid.
- Air entrainment and foaming in lubricating oils can be a serious concern as it may lead to problems such as inadequate lubrication, fluctuation of hydraulic pressure, poor hydraulic system performance, incomplete oil films, component wear due to reduced lubricant viscosity, and fluid deterioration due to accelerated oxidation, which may
- Lubricating oils therefore usually contain a defoaming agent.
- a defoaming agent for lubricating oil it is known to employ a silicone-based defoaming agent, such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) , fluorosilicones and silicone glycols.
- PDMS polydimethylsiloxane
- fluorosilicones fluorosilicones
- silicone glycols such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)
- PDMS polydimethylsiloxane
- fluorosilicones fluorosilicones and silicone glycols.
- U.S. 6,251,840 discloses lubricating fluids comprising a silicone-based antifoam agent .
- U.S. 2014/0018267 discloses a lubricating fluid comprising a combination of three polydimethylsiloxane antifoam agents. Summary
- the present disclosure generally relates to a defoaming agent comprising a silicone oil and silica
- lubricating oil compositions comprising the defoaming agent, methods of lubrication using a lubricating oil composition comprising the defoaming agent, and methods of reducing ' the foaming tendency and/or improving the air release rates of non-aqueous fluids, such as lubricant oils.
- a lubricating- oil composition comprises: (i) a base oil; and (ii) a defoaming agent comprising (a) a silicone oil and (b) silica particulates .
- the present disclosure provides a method of applying a lubricating ' oil composition to a surface in relative movement to another surface, wherein the lubricating oil composition comprises : (1) a base oil; and (ii) a defoaming agent comprising (a) a silicone oil and (b) silica particulates .
- the present disclosure provides a method of decreasing the foaming- tendency of a non ⁇ aqueous fluid, the method comprising: providing a non-aqueous fluid having a first foaming tendency as measured according to ASTM D892; and adding a defoaming agent comprising a silicone oil and silica particulates to the non-aqueous fluid so as to reduce the first foaming tendency to a second foaming
- the present disclosure provides a method of improving- the air release rate of a non ⁇ aqueous fluid, the method comprising: providing a non-aqueous fluid having a first air release rate as measured according to ASTM D3427; and adding a defoaming agent comprising a silicone oil and silica particulates to the non-aqueous fluid so as to increase the first air release rate to a second air release rate by reducing the air release time.
- Lubricating oil compositions of the present disclosure generally comprise a base oil and a defoaming agent that comprises a silicone oil and silica particulates.
- the base oil may comprise one or more mineral oils, one or more synthetic oils, or a mixture of one or more mineral oils and one or more synthetic oils; thus, as used herein, the term "base oil” may refer to a mixture containing more than one base oil.
- base oil there are no particular limitations regarding the base oil, and various conventional mineral oils, synthetic oils, as well Group I-III mineral base oils, Group
- PAOs poly-alpha olefins
- Group II-III Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils Group V base oils, and mixtures thereof may be used.
- Group I base oils
- API American Petroleum Institute
- Mineral oils include liquid petroleum oils and solvent-treated or acid-treated mineral oil of the paraffinic, naphthenic, or mixed paraffinic/naphthenic type which may be further refined by hydrofinishing processes and/or dewaxing.
- Naphthenic base oils have low viscosity index
- VI (generally 40-80) and a low pour point .
- Such base oils are produced from feedstocks rich in naphthenes and low in wax content and are used mainly for lubricants in which color and color stability are important, and VI and oxidation stability are of secondary importance.
- Paraffinic base oils have higher VI (generally
- Such base oils are produced from feedstocks rich in paraffins, and are used for lubricants in which VI and oxidation stability are important.
- Synthetic oils include hydrocarbon oils and halosubstituted hydrocarbon oils, such as olefin oligomers (including polyalphaolefin base oils; PAOs), dibasic acid esters, polyol esters, polyalkylene glycols (PAGs), Fischer- Tropsch derived base oils, alkyl naphthalenes and dewaxed waxy isomerates.
- olefin oligomers including polyalphaolefin base oils; PAOs
- PAGs polyalkylene glycols
- Fischer- Tropsch derived base oils alkyl naphthalenes and dewaxed waxy isomerates.
- Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils may be used as the base oil.
- Fischer-Tropsch derived is meant that a base oil is, or is derived from, a synthesis product of a Fischer-Tropsch process.
- a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil may also be referred to as a GTL (Gas-To-Liquids) base oil.
- Suitable Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils that may be conveniently used as the base oil are those as for example disclosed in EP 0 776 959, EP 0 668 342, WO 97/21788, WO 00/15736, WO 00/14188, WO 00/14187, WO 00/14183, WO 00/14179, WO 00/08115, WO 99/41332, EP 1 029 029, WO 01/18156 and WO 01/57166,
- Poly-alpha olefin base oils PAOs
- Suitable poly-alpha olefin base oils include those derived from linear C 2 to C preferably C 6 to Ci 6 , alpha olefins.
- the base oil comprises mineral oils and/or synthetic oils which contain more than 80% t of saturates, preferably more than 90 % wt . , as measured
- the base oil contains less than 1.0 wt . %, preferably less than 0.03 wt , % of sulfur, calculated as elemental sulfur and measured according to ASTM D2622, ASTM D4294, ASTM D4927 or ASTM D3120.
- the viscosity index of the base oil is more than 80, more preferably more than 120, as measured according to ASTM D2270.
- the amount of base oil present in a fully formulated lubricating oil composition will typically be the amount remaining to equal 100% after the remaining additives are accounted for.
- the base oil may be present in an amount in the range of from 50 to more than 99.99 wt . %, in an amount in the range of from 65 to 95 wt . %, in an amount in the range of from 70 to 90 wt . %, or in an amount in the range of from 75 to 88 wt . %, with respect to the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.
- the lubricating oil compositions further comprise a defoaming agent comprising (i) a silicone oil and (ii) silica particulates .
- the silicone oil is not generally limited and may include any silicone oil known in the art that does not adversely affect the lubricating properties of the resulting lubricating oil composition.
- Suitable silicone oils may include any liquid polymerized siloxane comprising one or more organic groups ⁇ "polyorganosiloxanes" ) .
- suitable silicone oils include, but are not limited to, polyalkylsiloxanes (e.g., polyciimethylsiloxane) , polyaryIsiloxanes, polyalkoxysiloxanes, polyaryloxysiloxanes , fluorinated polysiloxanes (e.g.,
- Polydimethylsiloxane is a known antifoam compound and may be produced, for example, by the hydrolysis of dimethyldihalosilane followed by condensation, or by the decomposition of dimethylcyclosiloxane followed by
- polydimethylsiloxane may be end blocked by the trimethylsilyl group or hydroxyl group, but is not so limited,
- silicone oils suitable for use in the present invention have a kinematic viscosity at 25 °C of at least 0.5 mm 2 /s (cSt), or in a range of from 0.5 to 1,000,000 mrnVs (cSt), or in a range of from 10, 000 to 600, 000 mm 2 /s
- Silicone oil may be present in a de oaming agent in an amount in the range of from 0.01 to more than 99 wt %, or in an amount in the range of from 1 to 10 wt %, based on the total weight of the defoaming agent. Further, the
- concentration of silicone oil present in the lubricating ' oil composition is typically in a range of from 0,1 to 500 ppm, from 1 to 100 ppm, or from 1 to 50 ppm.
- the defoaming agent further comprises silica particulates.
- the silica particulates are not generally limited and may include any type of silica particulates that are conventionally employed in defoaming agents, provided that the silica particulates do not adversely affect the
- silica particulates may include, but are not limited, colloidal silica, fumed silica, precipitated silica, silica aerogel, silica xerogel, silicas having surface organosilyl groups, chemically treated silica, hydrophobic silica, etc.
- Suitable silica particulates may be produced by any known method, for example, a dry method such as the thermal decomposition of a silicon halide or the reaction of a substance containing silicic acid under heat, or a wet method such as the decomposition of a metal salt of silicic acid, e.g., sodium silicate,, by an acid or the aerogel method.
- a dry method such as the thermal decomposition of a silicon halide or the reaction of a substance containing silicic acid under heat
- a wet method such as the decomposition of a metal salt of silicic acid, e.g., sodium silicate, by an acid or the aerogel method.
- silica particulates are commercially available from a variety of sources in a variety of particle size distributions. Although the size of silica particulates suitable for use in the defoaming agent is not particularly limited, the silica particulates generally may have a particle size of from about 1 nanometers (nm) to several microns.
- the silica particulates may have a particle size of from about 1 to 1000 nm.
- a silica aerogel is one kind of silica that may be employed. Briefly, such materials are prepared by
- silica hydrogel displacing water from a silica hydrogel with a low boiling organic liquid such as ethyl alcohol, heating the treated gel in an autoclave to approximately the critical temperature of the organic liquid, and then releasing the vapors of the organic liquid from the autoclave whereby excessive shrinking or crushing of the cellular structure of the silica is avoided.
- a low boiling organic liquid such as ethyl alcohol
- Preferred silica particulates include “Aerosil®
- Silica particulates may be present in a defearning agent in an amount in the range of from 0.01 to more than 99 wt %, or in an amount in the range of from 0.1 to 10 wt %, based on the total weight of the defoaming agent. Further, the concentration of silica particulates present in the lubricating oil composition is typically in a range of from 0.1 to 500 ppm, from 1 to 100 ppm, or from 1 to 50 ppm.
- defoaming agents may further comprise a solvent, such as a paraffinic mineral oil, napht enic mineral oil, petroleum naphtha, aromatics, toluene, xylene, benzene, hexane, heptane, octane, dodecane, kerosene, etc. and combinations thereof.
- a solvent such as a paraffinic mineral oil, napht enic mineral oil, petroleum naphtha, aromatics, toluene, xylene, benzene, hexane, heptane, octane, dodecane, kerosene, etc. and combinations thereof.
- the silicone oil may be dispersed or dissolved in the solvent.
- the defoaming agent may further comprise other known cefoamers such as, for example, a polyalkyl aerylate, an alcohol ethoxy/propoxylate, a fatty acid ethoxy/propoxylate, a sorbitan partial fatty acid ester, a siloxane resin, etc,
- the lubricating oil compositions may further comprise one or more additional additives to impart or enhance the desired properties of the fully formulated lubricating oil
- additives may be selected from many conventional types such as anti-oxidants , anti-wear additives, detergents, dispersants, friction modifiers, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, corrosion inhibitors, extreme pressure additives, metal passivators and seal fix/seal compatibility agents.
- Suitable anti-oxidants include, but are not limited to, aminic antioxidants, phenolic
- antioxidants examples include alkylated diphenylamines, phenyl-a-naphthylamines, phenyl - ⁇ - naphthylamines and alkylated a-naphthylamines .
- Preferred aminic antioxidants include
- dialkyldiphenylamines such as ⁇ , ⁇ ' -dioctyl-diphenylamine, P, p ' -di-a-methylbenzyl-diphenylamine and N-p-butylphenyl-N-p ' - octylphenylamine
- monoalkyldiphenylamines such as mono-t- butyldiphenylamine and mono-octyldiphenylamine
- dialkylp enyl) amines such as di- (2, 4-diethylphenyl) amine and di (2-ethyl-4-nonylphenyl) amine
- alkylphenyl-1- naphthylamines such as octylphenyl-l-naphthylamine and n-t- dodecy1phenyl-1-naphthy1amine, 1-napht y1amine
- arylnaphthylamines such as phenyl-l-naphthylamine, phenyl-2- naphthyiamine, N-hexy1phenyi-2-naphthy1amine anc N- octylphenyl-2-naphthylamine, phenylenediamines such as ⁇ , ⁇ '- diisopropyl-p-phenylenediamine and N, ' -diphenyl-p- phenyienediamine, and phenothiazines such as phenothiazine and 3, 7-diocty phenothiazine -
- Preferred aminic antioxidants include those available under the following trade designations: "Sonoflex OD-3" (ex. Seiko Kagaku Co.) / Irganox L-57" (ex. Ciba
- phenolic antioxidants which may be conveniently used include C7-C9 branched alkyl esters of 3, 5- bis (1, 1-dimethyl-ethyl) -4-hydroxy-benzenepropanoic acid, 2-t- butylphenol, 2-t-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-t-butyl-5- methylphenol, 2, 4-di-t-butylphenol, 2, 4-dimethyl-6-t- butylphenol, 2-t-butyl-4-methoxyphenol, 3-t-butyl-4- methoxyphenol, 2, 5-di-t-butylhydroquinone, 2, 6-di-t-butyi-4- alkylphenols such as 2 , 6-di-t-butylphenol, 2, 6-di-t-butyi-4- methylphenol and 2 , 6-di-t-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 2, 6-di-t-butyl- 4-alkoxyphenols such as 2 , 6-di-t-t
- Suitable phenolic antioxidants include those which are commercially available under the following trade designations : "Irganox L-135" (ex. Ciba Specialty Chemicals Co.) , “Yoshinox SS” (ex. Yoshitomi Seiyaku Co. ) , “Antage -400” (ex. Kawaguchi Kagaku Co. ) , “Antage -500” (ex. Kawaguchi Kagaku Co.), “Antage W-300” (ex.
- antioxidants may be present in an amount in the range of from 0.1 to 5.0 wt . %, more preferably in an amount in the range of from 0.3 to 3.0 wt , %, and most preferably in an amount in the range of from 0.5 to 1.5 wt , %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.
- Anti-wear additives that may be conveniently used include zinc-containing compounds such as zinc dithiophosphate compounds selected from zinc dialkyl-, diaryl- and/or
- alkylaryl- dithiophosphates such as substituted or unsubstituted thiophosphoric acids, and salts thereof.
- Zinc dithiophosphate is a well-known additive in the art and may be conveniently represented by general formula
- R 2 to R 5 may be the same or different and are each a primary alkyl group containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms preferably from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, a secondary alkyl group containing from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, an aryl group or an aryl group substituted with an alkyl group, said alkyl substituent containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms preferably 3 to 18 carbon atoms.
- Zinc dithiophosphate compounds in which R ⁇ to R 5 are all different from each other can be used alone or in admixture with zinc dithiophosphate compounds in which R 2 to R 5 are all the same.
- suitable zinc dithi ⁇ phosphates include those which are commercially available under the following trade designations: “Lz 1097”, “Lz 1395”, “Lz 677A”, “Lz 1095”, “Lz 1370”, “Lz 1371”, and “Lz 1373” (ex. Lubrizol Corporation); “OLOA 267'% “OLOA 269R”, “OLOA 260” and “OLOA 262” (ex. Chevron Oronite) ; and “HITEC 7197” and "HITEC 7169” (ex. Afton Chemical) .
- Examples of molybdenum-containing compounds may conveniently include molybdenum dithiocarbamates, trinuclear molybdenum compounds, for example as described in WO 98/26030, sulphides of molybdenum and molybdenum dithiophosphate.
- borate esters include borate esters, borated fatty amines, berated epoxides, alkali metal (or mixed alkali metal or alkaline earth metal) borates and borated overbased metal salts .
- the lubricating oil compositions may comprise in the range of from 0.4 to 1.2 wt . % of an anti-wear additive, based on the total weight of the lubricating- oil composition .
- Typical detergents that may be used include one or more salicylate and/or phenate and/or sulphonate
- metal organic and inorganic base salts which are used as detergents can contribute to the sulfated ash content of a lubricating oil composition, in a preferred embodiment, the amounts of such additives are minimized.
- salicylate detergents are preferred.
- the detergents are preferably used in amounts in the range of 0.05 to 20.0 wt , %, more preferably from 1.0 to 10.0 wt . % and most preferably in the range of from 2.0 to 5.0 wt . %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.
- the detergents independently, have a TBN (total base number) value in the range of from 10 to 500 mg.KOH/g, more preferably in the range of from 30 to 350 mg.KOH/g and most preferably in the range of from 50 to 300 mg.KOH/g, as measured by ISO 3771.
- TBN total base number
- the lubricating oil composition may additionally comprise an ash-free dispersant which is preferably admixed in an amount in the range of from 5 to 15 wt . %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition,
- ash-free dispersants examples include the polyalkenvl succinimides and polyalkenyl succininic acid esters disclosed in Japanese Patent Kos .
- Preferred dispersants include borated succinimides.
- viscosity index improvers which may be conveniently used include the styrene-butadiene copolymers, styrene-isoprene stellate copolymers and the polymethacrylate copolymer and ethylene-propylene copolymers. Such viscosity index improvers may be conveniently employed in an amount in the range of from 1 to 20 wt . %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.
- Polymethacrylates may be conveniently employed as effective pour point depressants .
- For corrosion inhibitors it is possible to use alkenyl succinic acid or ester moieties thereof, benzotriazole-based compounds and thiodiazole-based compounds .
- Compounds which may be conveniently used as seal fix or seal compatibility agents include, for example, commercially available aromatic esters.
- the lubricating oil compositions may be any suitable lubricating oil compositions.
- lubricating oil compositions may be prepared by admixing ' a base oil with a de oaming agent, or by admixing a base oil and the individual components of the defoaming agent, and, if desired, one or more additives.
- the lubricating oil compositions may generally be used to lubricate any surface that is in relative movement to another surface.
- the lubricating oils may generally be used to lubricate any surface that is in relative movement to another surface.
- the lubricating oils may generally be used to lubricate any surface that is in relative movement to another surface.
- the lubricating oils may generally be used to lubricate any surface that is in relative movement to another surface.
- the lubricating oils may generally be used to lubricate any surface that is in relative movement to another surface.
- the lubricating oils may generally be used to lubricate any surface that is in relative movement to another surface.
- compositions may be used to lubricate a surface of a rotating or sliding member in a vehicle or industrial machine.
- the lubricating oils compositions may also be useful to lubricate a surface in an engine (e.g., an internal combustion engine), a gear mechanism, a speed-change gearbox, a bearing, a hydraulic apparatus, compression machinery, etc,
- the disclosure herein further provides the use of a defoaming agent comprising a silicone oil and silica particulates for improving the foaming characteristics of a non-aqueous fluid (e.g., a lubricating oil, crude oil, etc).
- a non-aqueous fluid e.g., a lubricating oil, crude oil, etc.
- the foaming characteristics may be assessed using any suitable method. In general, such a method may involve measuring the foam stability and/or foaming tendency of a composition in accordance with AST D892.
- the methods and defoaming agents provided herein may be used to achieve any degree of
- the disclosure herein further provides the use of a defoaming agent comprising a silicone oil and silica particulates for improving the air release rate of a non-aqueous fluid (e.g., a lubricating- oil, crude oil, etc) .
- a non-aqueous fluid e.g., a lubricating- oil, crude oil, etc
- the air release rate may be assessed using any suitable method. In general, such a method may involve measuring the air release rate of a non-aqueous fluid in accordance with ASTM D892.
- the methods and defearning agents provided herein may be used to achieve any degree of improvement in the air- release rate of a non-aqueous fluid.
- Formulations 1-3 comprised a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 40 °C (ASTM D445) of approx. 35 mmVs (cSt) ("Base Oil A” ) .
- the Fischer- Tropsch derived base oil used may be conveniently manufactured by the process described in e.g. WO 02/070631, the teaching of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
- Formulations 4-6 comprised a formulated oil that contained a mixture of Group I and Group III base oils and had a kinematic viscosity at 40°C (ASTM D445) of approximately 33 mmVs (cSt) ("Formulated Oil B”) .
- the silicone oil used was a commercially
- silica particulates were commercially available hydrophobic fumed silica from Evonik Industries under the tradename "Aerosil® R208" .
- Formulations 7-11 contained a formulated oil based on a mixture of two Group IV base oils and had a kinematic viscosity at 40°C (ASTM D445) of approximately 300 mm 2 /s (cSt) ("Formulated Oil C”) .
- the silicone oil used was a commercially available polydimethylsiloxane from Dow Corning under the tradename
- Silica particulates A were hydrophobic fumed silica commercially available from Evonik Industries under the
- Silica particulates B were fumed silica
- the combination silicone oil/' silica particulates product used was a 100% active silicone oil containing a suspension of finely powdered silica commercially available from Dow Corning under the tradename "Dow Corning ⁇ 2-3436".
- a defoaming agent which contains both silicone oil and silica particulates - as in Formulations 9-11 improves the air release rate of a lubricating oil composition, when compared to the use of si1icone oi1 a1.one ,
- compositions and methods are described in terms of “comprising,,” “containing,” or “including” various components or steps, the compositions and methods can also “consist essentially of” or “consist of” the various components and steps. All numbers and ranges disclosed above may vary by some amount . Whenever a numerical range with a lower limit and an upper limit is disclosed, any number and any included range falling within the range is specifically
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Degasification And Air Bubble Elimination (AREA)
Abstract
Defoaming agents comprising a silicone oil and silica particulates, lubricating oil compositions comprising the defoaming agent, methods of lubrication using a lubricating oil composition comprising the defoaming agent, and methods of reducing the foaming tendency/stability and/or improving the air release rates of non-aqueous fluids, such as lubricant oils, are provided.
Description
DEFOAMING AGENT AND ASSOCIATED METHODS OF USE
Cross-Reference to Related Application
[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S.
Provisional Application No. 62/007,087, filed on June 3, 2014, which is incorporated herein by reference.
Background
[0002] Lubricating oils, including hydraulic oils and crankcase oils, are often used to reduce friction between members and to assist in the operation of many mechanical constituents. Commonly, such lubricating oils are used in environments in which the oil is subject to mechanical agitation in the presence of air. As a consequence, air may undesirably become entrained in the oil and/or cause the formation of foam.
[0003] Foam generally refers to a collection of air bubbles formed in or on the surface of a liquid, while air entrainment generally refers to the dispersion of air bubbles within a liquid. Air entrainment and foaming in lubricating oils can be a serious concern as it may lead to problems such as inadequate lubrication, fluctuation of hydraulic pressure, poor hydraulic system performance, incomplete oil films, component wear due to reduced lubricant viscosity, and fluid deterioration due to accelerated oxidation, which may
eventually lead to mechanical failure or the like. Lubricating oils therefore usually contain a defoaming agent.
[0004] In general, as a defoaming agent for lubricating oil, it is known to employ a silicone-based defoaming agent, such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) , fluorosilicones and silicone glycols. For instance, U.S. 6,251,840 discloses lubricating fluids comprising a silicone-based antifoam agent . Similarly, U.S. 2014/0018267 discloses a lubricating fluid comprising a combination of three polydimethylsiloxane antifoam agents.
Summary
[0005] The present disclosure generally relates to a defoaming agent comprising a silicone oil and silica
particulates,, lubricating oil compositions comprising the defoaming agent, methods of lubrication using a lubricating oil composition comprising the defoaming agent, and methods of reducing' the foaming tendency and/or improving the air release rates of non-aqueous fluids, such as lubricant oils.
[0006] Accordingly, in one embodiment, a lubricating- oil composition is provided that comprises: (i) a base oil; and (ii) a defoaming agent comprising (a) a silicone oil and (b) silica particulates .
[0007] In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides a method of applying a lubricating' oil composition to a surface in relative movement to another surface, wherein the lubricating oil composition comprises : (1) a base oil; and (ii) a defoaming agent comprising (a) a silicone oil and (b) silica particulates .
[0008] In yet another embodiment, the present disclosure provides a method of decreasing the foaming- tendency of a non¬ aqueous fluid, the method comprising: providing a non-aqueous fluid having a first foaming tendency as measured according to ASTM D892; and adding a defoaming agent comprising a silicone oil and silica particulates to the non-aqueous fluid so as to reduce the first foaming tendency to a second foaming
tendency ,
[0009] In yet another embodiment, the present disclosure provides a method of improving- the air release rate of a non¬ aqueous fluid, the method comprising: providing a non-aqueous fluid having a first air release rate as measured according to ASTM D3427; and adding a defoaming agent comprising a silicone oil and silica particulates to the non-aqueous fluid so as to
increase the first air release rate to a second air release rate by reducing the air release time.
[0010] The features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art . While numerous changes may be made by those skilled in the art, such changes are within the spirit of the invention.
Detailed Description
[0011] Lubricating oil compositions of the present disclosure generally comprise a base oil and a defoaming agent that comprises a silicone oil and silica particulates.
A. Base Oil
[0012] The base oil may comprise one or more mineral oils, one or more synthetic oils, or a mixture of one or more mineral oils and one or more synthetic oils; thus, as used herein, the term "base oil" may refer to a mixture containing more than one base oil. There are no particular limitations regarding the base oil, and various conventional mineral oils, synthetic oils, as well Group I-III mineral base oils, Group
IV poly-alpha olefins (PAOs), Group II-III Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils, Group V base oils, and mixtures thereof may be used.
[0013] By "Group I", "Group II" "Group III" and "Group IV" and "Group V" base oils, it is meant base oils according to the definitions of American Petroleum Institute (API) for categories I, II, III, IV and V. These API categories are defined in API Publication 1509, 15th Edition, Appendix E, April 2002.
[0014] Mineral oils include liquid petroleum oils and solvent-treated or acid-treated mineral oil of the paraffinic, naphthenic, or mixed paraffinic/naphthenic type which may be further refined by hydrofinishing processes and/or dewaxing.
[0015] Naphthenic base oils have low viscosity index
("VI") (generally 40-80) and a low pour point . Such base oils
are produced from feedstocks rich in naphthenes and low in wax content and are used mainly for lubricants in which color and color stability are important, and VI and oxidation stability are of secondary importance.
[0016] Paraffinic base oils have higher VI (generally
>95) and a high pour point. Such base oils are produced from feedstocks rich in paraffins, and are used for lubricants in which VI and oxidation stability are important.
[0017] Synthetic oils include hydrocarbon oils and halosubstituted hydrocarbon oils, such as olefin oligomers (including polyalphaolefin base oils; PAOs), dibasic acid esters, polyol esters, polyalkylene glycols (PAGs), Fischer- Tropsch derived base oils, alkyl naphthalenes and dewaxed waxy isomerates. Synthetic hydrocarbon base oils sold by the Royal Dutch/Shell Group of Companies under the designation "XHVI" (trade mark) may be conveniently used.
[0018] Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils may be used as the base oil. By the term "Fischer-Tropsch derived" is meant that a base oil is, or is derived from, a synthesis product of a Fischer-Tropsch process. A Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil may also be referred to as a GTL (Gas-To-Liquids) base oil. Suitable Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils that may be conveniently used as the base oil are those as for example disclosed in EP 0 776 959, EP 0 668 342, WO 97/21788, WO 00/15736, WO 00/14188, WO 00/14187, WO 00/14183, WO 00/14179, WO 00/08115, WO 99/41332, EP 1 029 029, WO 01/18156 and WO 01/57166,
[0019] Poly-alpha olefin base oils (PAOs) and their manufacture are well known in the art . Suitable poly-alpha olefin base oils that may be used include those derived from linear C2 to C preferably C6 to Ci6, alpha olefins.
Particularly preferred feedstocks for said poly-alpha olefins are 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene and 1-tetradecene .
[0020] Preferably, the base oil comprises mineral oils and/or synthetic oils which contain more than 80% t of saturates, preferably more than 90 % wt . , as measured
according to ASTM D2007.
[0021] It is further preferred that the base oil contains less than 1.0 wt . %, preferably less than 0.03 wt , % of sulfur, calculated as elemental sulfur and measured according to ASTM D2622, ASTM D4294, ASTM D4927 or ASTM D3120.
[0022] Preferably, the viscosity index of the base oil is more than 80, more preferably more than 120, as measured according to ASTM D2270.
[0023] There are no particular limitations regarding- the kinematic viscosity of the base oil.
[0024] The amount of base oil present in a fully formulated lubricating oil composition will typically be the amount remaining to equal 100% after the remaining additives are accounted for. Generally, the base oil may be present in an amount in the range of from 50 to more than 99.99 wt . %, in an amount in the range of from 65 to 95 wt . %, in an amount in the range of from 70 to 90 wt . %, or in an amount in the range of from 75 to 88 wt . %, with respect to the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.
B . Defoaming Agent
[0025] In addition to the base oil, the lubricating oil compositions further comprise a defoaming agent comprising (i) a silicone oil and (ii) silica particulates .
[0026] The silicone oil is not generally limited and may include any silicone oil known in the art that does not adversely affect the lubricating properties of the resulting lubricating oil composition. Suitable silicone oils may include any liquid polymerized siloxane comprising one or more organic groups { "polyorganosiloxanes" ) . Examples of suitable silicone oils include, but are not limited to,
polyalkylsiloxanes (e.g., polyciimethylsiloxane) , polyaryIsiloxanes, polyalkoxysiloxanes, polyaryloxysiloxanes , fluorinated polysiloxanes (e.g.,
trifluoropropylmethylsilicone) , combinations thereof, etc.
[0027] Polydimethylsiloxane is a known antifoam compound and may be produced, for example, by the hydrolysis of dimethyldihalosilane followed by condensation, or by the decomposition of dimethylcyclosiloxane followed by
condensation. In certain embodiments, polydimethylsiloxane may be end blocked by the trimethylsilyl group or hydroxyl group, but is not so limited,
[0028] Generally, silicone oils suitable for use in the present invention have a kinematic viscosity at 25 °C of at least 0.5 mm2/s (cSt), or in a range of from 0.5 to 1,000,000 mrnVs (cSt), or in a range of from 10, 000 to 600, 000 mm2/s
(cSt) . Silicone oil may be present in a de oaming agent in an amount in the range of from 0.01 to more than 99 wt %, or in an amount in the range of from 1 to 10 wt %, based on the total weight of the defoaming agent. Further, the
concentration of silicone oil present in the lubricating' oil composition is typically in a range of from 0,1 to 500 ppm, from 1 to 100 ppm, or from 1 to 50 ppm.
[0029] The defoaming agent further comprises silica particulates. The silica particulates are not generally limited and may include any type of silica particulates that are conventionally employed in defoaming agents, provided that the silica particulates do not adversely affect the
lubricating properties of the resulting lubricating oil composition. Examples of suitable silica particulates may include, but are not limited, colloidal silica, fumed silica, precipitated silica, silica aerogel, silica xerogel, silicas having surface organosilyl groups, chemically treated silica, hydrophobic silica, etc.
[0030] Suitable silica particulates may be produced by any known method, for example, a dry method such as the thermal decomposition of a silicon halide or the reaction of a substance containing silicic acid under heat, or a wet method such as the decomposition of a metal salt of silicic acid, e.g., sodium silicate,, by an acid or the aerogel method.
Various grades of silica particulates are commercially available from a variety of sources in a variety of particle size distributions. Although the size of silica particulates suitable for use in the defoaming agent is not particularly limited, the silica particulates generally may have a particle size of from about 1 nanometers (nm) to several microns.
Preferably, the silica particulates may have a particle size of from about 1 to 1000 nm.
[0031] A silica aerogel is one kind of silica that may be employed. Briefly, such materials are prepared by
displacing water from a silica hydrogel with a low boiling organic liquid such as ethyl alcohol, heating the treated gel in an autoclave to approximately the critical temperature of the organic liquid, and then releasing the vapors of the organic liquid from the autoclave whereby excessive shrinking or crushing of the cellular structure of the silica is avoided. The details of this technique are described in the literature and silica aerogels are commercially available .
[0032] Preferred silica particulates include "Aerosil®
R208" and "Aerosil® R812" available from Evonik Industries, fumed silica available from Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC and silica available from Chemicell GmbH.
[0033] Silica particulates may be present in a defearning agent in an amount in the range of from 0.01 to more than 99 wt %, or in an amount in the range of from 0.1 to 10 wt %, based on the total weight of the defoaming agent. Further, the concentration of silica particulates present in the
lubricating oil composition is typically in a range of from 0.1 to 500 ppm, from 1 to 100 ppm, or from 1 to 50 ppm.
[0034] Optionally, defoaming agents may further comprise a solvent, such as a paraffinic mineral oil, napht enic mineral oil, petroleum naphtha, aromatics, toluene, xylene, benzene, hexane, heptane, octane, dodecane, kerosene, etc. and combinations thereof. Optionally, the silicone oil may be dispersed or dissolved in the solvent.
[0035] Optionally, the defoaming agent may further comprise other known cefoamers such as, for example, a polyalkyl aerylate, an alcohol ethoxy/propoxylate, a fatty acid ethoxy/propoxylate, a sorbitan partial fatty acid ester, a siloxane resin, etc,
C . Other Additives
[0036] In addition to a base oil and a defoaming agent, the lubricating oil compositions may further comprise one or more additional additives to impart or enhance the desired properties of the fully formulated lubricating oil
composition. These additives may be selected from many conventional types such as anti-oxidants , anti-wear additives, detergents, dispersants, friction modifiers, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, corrosion inhibitors, extreme pressure additives, metal passivators and seal fix/seal compatibility agents.
[0037] Examples of suitable anti-oxidants include, but are not limited to, aminic antioxidants, phenolic
antioxidants, and mixtures thereof. Examples of aminic antioxidants which may be conveniently used include alkylated diphenylamines, phenyl-a-naphthylamines, phenyl -β- naphthylamines and alkylated a-naphthylamines .
[0038] Preferred aminic antioxidants include
dialkyldiphenylamines such as ρ,ρ' -dioctyl-diphenylamine, P, p ' -di-a-methylbenzyl-diphenylamine and N-p-butylphenyl-N-p ' -
octylphenylamine , monoalkyldiphenylamines such as mono-t- butyldiphenylamine and mono-octyldiphenylamine,
bis (dialkylp enyl) amines such as di- (2, 4-diethylphenyl) amine and di (2-ethyl-4-nonylphenyl) amine, alkylphenyl-1- naphthylamines such as octylphenyl-l-naphthylamine and n-t- dodecy1phenyl-1-naphthy1amine, 1-napht y1amine,
arylnaphthylamines such as phenyl-l-naphthylamine, phenyl-2- naphthyiamine, N-hexy1phenyi-2-naphthy1amine anc N- octylphenyl-2-naphthylamine, phenylenediamines such as Ν,Ν'- diisopropyl-p-phenylenediamine and N, ' -diphenyl-p- phenyienediamine, and phenothiazines such as phenothiazine and 3, 7-diocty phenothiazine -
[0039] Preferred aminic antioxidants include those available under the following trade designations: "Sonoflex OD-3" (ex. Seiko Kagaku Co.)/ Irganox L-57" (ex. Ciba
Specialty Chemicals Co.) and phenothiazine (ex. Hodogaya Kagaku Co . ) .
[0040] Examples of phenolic antioxidants which may be conveniently used include C7-C9 branched alkyl esters of 3, 5- bis (1, 1-dimethyl-ethyl) -4-hydroxy-benzenepropanoic acid, 2-t- butylphenol, 2-t-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-t-butyl-5- methylphenol, 2, 4-di-t-butylphenol, 2, 4-dimethyl-6-t- butylphenol, 2-t-butyl-4-methoxyphenol, 3-t-butyl-4- methoxyphenol, 2, 5-di-t-butylhydroquinone, 2, 6-di-t-butyi-4- alkylphenols such as 2 , 6-di-t-butylphenol, 2, 6-di-t-butyi-4- methylphenol and 2 , 6-di-t-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 2, 6-di-t-butyl- 4-alkoxyphenols such as 2 , 6-di-t-butyl-4-methoxyphenol and 2 , 6-di-t-butyl-4-ethoxyphenol, 3, 5-di-t-butyl-4- hydroxybenzylmercaptooctylacetate, alkyl-3- (3, 5-di-t-butyl-4- hydroxyphenyl) propionates such as n-octadecyl-3- (3, 5-di-t- butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate,, n-butyl-3- (3, 5-di-t-butyl-4- hydroxypheny1) propionate and 2 * -ethylhexyl-3- (3, 5-di-t-butyl- -hydroxyphenyl) propionate, 2 , 6-d-t-butyl-a-dimethylamino-p-
cresoi, 2,2' -methylenebis (4-alkyl-6-t-butylphenol) such as 2, 2 ' -methylenebis (4-methyl-6-t-butylphenol, and 2,2- methylenebis (4-ethyl-6-t-butylphenol) , bisphenols such as 4, 4 ' -but lidenebis (3-methyl-6-t-butylphenol, 4,4'- methylenebis (2, 6-di-t-but lphenol) , 4, 4 '-bis (2, 6-di-t- butylphenol) , 2 , 2- (di-p-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 2 , 2-bis (3, 5-di- t-buty1-4-hydroxypheny1) propane, 4,4' -cyclohexylidenebis (2, 6- t-butylphenol) , hexamethyleneglycol-bis [3- (3, 5-di-t-butyl-4- hydroxypheny1) propionate] , triethyleneglycolbis [3- {3-t-butyl- 4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) propionate] , 2, 2 * -thio- [diethyl-3- (3, 5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate ] , 3, 9-bis{l, 1- dimethyl-2- [3- (3-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) - propionyloxy] ethyl }2, 4,8, 10-tetraoxaspiro [5,5] undecane, 4,4'- thiobis (3-methyl-6-t-butyIphenol) and 2,2' -thiobis (4, 6-di-t- butylresorcinol) , polyphenols such as tetrakis [methylene-3- (3, 5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate ] methane, 1, 1, 3- tris (2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-t-butylphenyl) butane, 1,3, 5- trimethyl-2, 4, 6-tris (3, 5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) benzene, bis- [3, 3' -bis (4 ' -hydroxy-3 ' -t-butylphenyl) butyric acid] glycol ester, 2-(3',5' -di-t-buty1-4-hydroxyphenyl ) methyl-4- (2 " , 4"-di- t-buty1-3"-hydroxypheny1) methy1-6-t-butyIphenol and 2, 6- bis (2 ' -hydroxy-3 ' -t-butyl-5 ' -methylbenzyl) -4-methyIphenol, and p-t-butylphenol - formaldehyde condensates and p-t-butylphenol - acetaldehyde condensates .
[0041] Examples of suitable phenolic antioxidants include those which are commercially available under the following trade designations : "Irganox L-135" (ex. Ciba Specialty Chemicals Co.) , "Yoshinox SS" (ex. Yoshitomi Seiyaku Co. ) , "Antage -400" (ex. Kawaguchi Kagaku Co. ) , "Antage -500" (ex. Kawaguchi Kagaku Co.), "Antage W-300" (ex.
Kawaguchi Kagaku Co. ) , "Irganox L109" (ex. Ciba Specialty Chemicals Co. ) , "Tominox 917" (ex. Yoshitomi Seiyaku Co. ) , "Irganox LI15" (ex. Ciba Specialty Chemicals Co.) , "Sumilizer
GA80" (ex. Sumitomo Kagaku) , wAntage RC" (ex. Kawaguchi Kagaku Co.)/ "Irganox L101" (ex. Ciba Specialty Chemicals Co.), "Yoshinox 930" (ex. Yoshitomi Seiyaku Co.).
[0042] Optionally, antioxidants may be present in an amount in the range of from 0.1 to 5.0 wt . %, more preferably in an amount in the range of from 0.3 to 3.0 wt , %, and most preferably in an amount in the range of from 0.5 to 1.5 wt , %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.
[0043] Anti-wear additives that may be conveniently used include zinc-containing compounds such as zinc dithiophosphate compounds selected from zinc dialkyl-, diaryl- and/or
alkylaryl- dithiophosphates, molybdenum-containing compounds, boron-containing compounds and ashless anti-wear additives such as substituted or unsubstituted thiophosphoric acids, and salts thereof.
[0044] Zinc dithiophosphate is a well-known additive in the art and may be conveniently represented by general formula
R2O ^ OR
P S Zn S P (II)
R30 II II OR5
s s
wherein R2 to R5 may be the same or different and are each a primary alkyl group containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms preferably from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, a secondary alkyl group containing from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, an aryl group or an aryl group substituted with an alkyl group, said alkyl substituent containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms preferably 3 to 18 carbon atoms.
[0045] Zinc dithiophosphate compounds in which R^ to R5 are all different from each other can be used alone or in
admixture with zinc dithiophosphate compounds in which R2 to R5 are all the same.
[0046] Examples of suitable zinc dithi©phosphates include those which are commercially available under the following trade designations: "Lz 1097", "Lz 1395", "Lz 677A", "Lz 1095", "Lz 1370", "Lz 1371", and "Lz 1373" (ex. Lubrizol Corporation); "OLOA 267'% "OLOA 269R", "OLOA 260" and "OLOA 262" (ex. Chevron Oronite) ; and "HITEC 7197" and "HITEC 7169" (ex. Afton Chemical) .
[0047] Examples of molybdenum-containing compounds may conveniently include molybdenum dithiocarbamates, trinuclear molybdenum compounds, for example as described in WO 98/26030, sulphides of molybdenum and molybdenum dithiophosphate.
[0048] Boron-containing compounds that may be
conveniently used include borate esters, borated fatty amines, berated epoxides, alkali metal (or mixed alkali metal or alkaline earth metal) borates and borated overbased metal salts .
[0049] Optionally, the lubricating oil compositions may comprise in the range of from 0.4 to 1.2 wt . % of an anti-wear additive, based on the total weight of the lubricating- oil composition .
[0050] Typical detergents that may be used include one or more salicylate and/or phenate and/or sulphonate
detergents. However, as metal organic and inorganic base salts which are used as detergents can contribute to the sulfated ash content of a lubricating oil composition, in a preferred embodiment, the amounts of such additives are minimized.
Furthermore, in order to maintain a low sulphur level, salicylate detergents are preferred.
[0051] In order to maintain the total sulphated ash content of the lubricating oil composition at a level of preferably not greater than 2.0 wt . %, more preferably at a
level of not greater than 1.0 wt , % and most preferably at a level of not greater than 0.8 wt , %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, the detergents are preferably used in amounts in the range of 0.05 to 20.0 wt , %, more preferably from 1.0 to 10.0 wt . % and most preferably in the range of from 2.0 to 5.0 wt . %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.
[0052] Furthermore, it is preferred that the detergents, independently, have a TBN (total base number) value in the range of from 10 to 500 mg.KOH/g, more preferably in the range of from 30 to 350 mg.KOH/g and most preferably in the range of from 50 to 300 mg.KOH/g, as measured by ISO 3771.
[0053] The lubricating oil composition may additionally comprise an ash-free dispersant which is preferably admixed in an amount in the range of from 5 to 15 wt . %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition,
[0054] Examples of ash-free dispersants which may be used include the polyalkenvl succinimides and polyalkenyl succininic acid esters disclosed in Japanese Patent Kos .
1367796, 1667140, 1302811 and 1743435. Preferred dispersants include borated succinimides.
[0055] Examples of viscosity index improvers which may be conveniently used include the styrene-butadiene copolymers, styrene-isoprene stellate copolymers and the polymethacrylate copolymer and ethylene-propylene copolymers. Such viscosity index improvers may be conveniently employed in an amount in the range of from 1 to 20 wt . %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.
[0056] Polymethacrylates may be conveniently employed as effective pour point depressants . For corrosion inhibitors, it is possible to use alkenyl succinic acid or ester moieties thereof, benzotriazole-based compounds and thiodiazole-based compounds .
[0057] Compounds which may be conveniently used as seal fix or seal compatibility agents include, for example, commercially available aromatic esters.
[0058] The lubricating oil compositions may be
conveniently prepared in any manner, including using
conventional formulation techniques. For example, the
lubricating oil compositions may be prepared by admixing' a base oil with a de oaming agent, or by admixing a base oil and the individual components of the defoaming agent, and, if desired, one or more additives.
[0059] The lubricating oil compositions may generally be used to lubricate any surface that is in relative movement to another surface. For example, the lubricating oils
compositions may be used to lubricate a surface of a rotating or sliding member in a vehicle or industrial machine. The lubricating oils compositions may also be useful to lubricate a surface in an engine (e.g., an internal combustion engine), a gear mechanism, a speed-change gearbox, a bearing, a hydraulic apparatus, compression machinery, etc,
[0060] The disclosure herein further provides the use of a defoaming agent comprising a silicone oil and silica particulates for improving the foaming characteristics of a non-aqueous fluid (e.g., a lubricating oil, crude oil, etc). The foaming characteristics may be assessed using any suitable method. In general, such a method may involve measuring the foam stability and/or foaming tendency of a composition in accordance with AST D892. The methods and defoaming agents provided herein may be used to achieve any degree of
improvement in the foaming characteristics of a non-aqueous fluid.
[0061] Additionally, the disclosure herein further provides the use of a defoaming agent comprising a silicone oil and silica particulates for improving the air release rate
of a non-aqueous fluid (e.g., a lubricating- oil, crude oil, etc) . The air release rate may be assessed using any suitable method. In general, such a method may involve measuring the air release rate of a non-aqueous fluid in accordance with ASTM D892. The methods and defearning agents provided herein may be used to achieve any degree of improvement in the air- release rate of a non-aqueous fluid.
[0062] To facilitate a better understanding of the present invention, the following examples of certain aspects of some embodiments are given. In no way should the following examples be read to limit, or define, the entire scope of the invention .
Example 1
[0063] Foaming Characteristics
[0064] Six lubricating oil compositions were formulated as indicated in Table 1 (Formulations 1-6) . All formulations were manufactured by blending using conventional mixing techniques .
[0065] Formulations 1-3 comprised a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 40 °C (ASTM D445) of approx. 35 mmVs (cSt) ("Base Oil A" ) . The Fischer- Tropsch derived base oil used may be conveniently manufactured by the process described in e.g. WO 02/070631, the teaching of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
[0066] Formulations 4-6 comprised a formulated oil that contained a mixture of Group I and Group III base oils and had a kinematic viscosity at 40°C (ASTM D445) of approximately 33 mmVs (cSt) ("Formulated Oil B") .
[0067] The silicone oil used was a commercially
available polydimethylsiloxane from Dow Corning under the tradename "XIAMETER® PMX-200".
[0068] The silica particulates were commercially available hydrophobic fumed silica from Evonik Industries under the tradename "Aerosil® R208" .
[0069] In order to evaluate the foaming tendency and the foam stability of Formulations 1-6, measurements were
performed in accordance with ASTM D 892. The foam stability was zero for Formulations 1-6 and the measurements of foaming tendency are shown below in Table 1 (Formulations 1-3 were repeated once and the averages of D892 were shown) .
TABLE 1
According to ASTM D445
According to ASTM
[0070] As evident from the results shown in Table 1, the inclusion of a defoaming agent containing both silicone oil and. silica particulates (as in Formulations 3 and 6) significantly reduces the foaming tendency.
Example 2
[0071] Air Entrainment Properties
[0072] Five lubricating oil compositions were formulated as indicated in Table 2 (Formulations 7-11). All formulations were manufactured by blending using conventional mixing
techniques .
[0073] Formulations 7-11 contained a formulated oil based on a mixture of two Group IV base oils and had a kinematic viscosity at 40°C (ASTM D445) of approximately 300 mm2/s (cSt) ("Formulated Oil C") .
[0074] The silicone oil used was a commercially available polydimethylsiloxane from Dow Corning under the tradename
"XIAMETER© PMX-200".
[0075] Silica particulates A were hydrophobic fumed silica commercially available from Evonik Industries under the
tradename "Aerosil® R812".
[0076] Silica particulates B were fumed silica
commercially available from Sigma Aldrich under the tradename "S5505" .
[0077] The combination silicone oil/' silica particulates product used was a 100% active silicone oil containing a suspension of finely powdered silica commercially available from Dow Corning under the tradename "Dow Corning© 2-3436".
[0078] In order to evaluate the air release properties of Formulations 7-11, air release rate measurements were performed in accordance with. ASTM D 342.7. The results are shown below" in Table 2.
[0079] Additionally, the foaming tendency and the foam stability of Formulations 8-11 were measured in accordance with
ASTM D 892. The foam stability and the foaming tendency was zero for Formulations 8-11.
TABLE 2
According to ASTM D 445
According to ASTM D 3427
[0080] As evident from the results shown in Table 2, a defoaming agent (which contains both silicone oil and silica particulates - as in Formulations 9-11) improves the air release rate of a lubricating oil composition, when compared to the use of si1icone oi1 a1.one ,
[0081] Therefore, the present, invention is well adapted to attain the ends and. advantages mentioned as well as those that are inherent therein. The particular embodiments disclosed above are illustrative only., as the present invention may be modified ana practiced in different but equivalent manners apparent to those skilled in the art having the benefit of the teachings herein. Furthermore, no limitations are intended to the details of construction or design herein shown, other than as described in the claims below. It is therefore evident that the particular
illustrative embodiments disclosed above may be altered or modified and all such variations are considered within the scope and spirit of the present invention. While compositions and methods are described in terms of "comprising,," "containing," or "including" various components or steps, the compositions and methods can also "consist essentially of" or "consist of" the various components and steps. All numbers and ranges disclosed above may vary by some amount . Whenever a numerical range with a lower limit and an upper limit is disclosed, any number and any included range falling within the range is specifically
disclosed. In particular, every range of values (of the form, "from about a to about b, " or, equivalently, "from approximately a to b, " or, equivalently, "from approximately a-b") disclosed herein is to be understood to set forth every number and range encompassed within the broader range of values. Also, the terms in the claims have their plain, ordinary meaning unless
otherwise explicitly and clearly defined by the patentee.
Moreover, the indefinite articles "a" or "an," as used in the claims, are defined herein to mean one or more than one of the element that it introduces. If there is any conflict in the usages of a word or term in this specification and one or more patent or other documents that may be incorporated herein by reference, the definitions that are consistent with this specification should be adopted.
Claims
1. A lubricating oil composition comprising:
a base oil; and
a defoaming agent comprising (a) a silicone oil and (b) silica particulates.
2. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 wherein the silicone oil comprises polydimethylsiloxane .
3. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 wherein the silica particulates comprise hydrophobic fumed silica.
4. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 wherein the silicone oil comprises polydimethylsiloxane and the silica particulates comprise hydrophobic fumed silica.
5. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 wherein the silicone oil is present in the lubricating oil composition at a concentration of from about 0.1 to 500 ppm.
6. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 wherein the silica particulates are present in the lubricating oil
composition at a concentration of from about 0.1 to 500 ppm.
7. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 wherein the silica particulates have a particle size of from about 1 to 1000 nm.
8. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 wherein the base oil is present in an amount of 50 to more than 99.99 wt . %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition .
9. A method comprising:
applying a lubricating oil composition comprising a base oil; and a defoaming agent comprising (a) a silicone oil and
(b) silica particulates to a surface in relative movement to another surface.
10. The method of claim 9 wherein the surface is a surface of a rotating member or a sliding member in a vehicle or industrial machine.
11. The method of claim 9 wherein the surface is in an engine, a gear mechanism, a speed-change gearbox, a bearing, a hydraulic apparatus or compression machinery.
12. The method of claim 9 wherein the surface is in an internal combustion engine.
13. A method of decreasing the foaming tendency or foaming stability of a non-aqueous fluid comprising:
providing a non-aqueous fluid having a first foaming tendency or foaming stability as measured according to ASTM D892; and
adding a defoaming agent comprising a silicone oil and silica to the non-aqueous fluid so as to reduce the first foaming tendency or foaming stability to a second foaming tendency or foaming stability.
14. The method of claim 13 wherein the non-aqueous fluid is a lubricating oil.
15. The method of claim 13 wherein the silicone oil comprises polydimethylsiloxane .
16. The method of claim 13 wherein the silica particulates comprise hydrophobic fumed silica.
17. A method of improving the air release rate of a non¬ aqueous fluid comprising:
providing a non-aqueous fluid having a first air release rate as measured according to ASTM D3427; and
adding a defoaming agent comprising a silicone oil and silica particulates to the non-aqueous fluid so as to increase the first air release rate to a second air release rate by reducing air release time.
18. The method of claim 17 wherein the non-aqueous fluid is a lubricating oil.
19. The method of claim 17 wherein the silicone oil comprises polydimethylsiloxane .
20. The method of claim 17 wherein the silica particulates comprise hydrophobic fumed silica.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201462007087P | 2014-06-03 | 2014-06-03 | |
| PCT/US2015/032794 WO2015187440A1 (en) | 2014-06-03 | 2015-05-28 | Defoaming agent and associated methods of use |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3152281A1 true EP3152281A1 (en) | 2017-04-12 |
| EP3152281A4 EP3152281A4 (en) | 2018-01-24 |
Family
ID=54767202
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP15802917.3A Withdrawn EP3152281A4 (en) | 2014-06-03 | 2015-05-28 | Defoaming agent and associated methods of use |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20170121629A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3152281A4 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2017518419A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN106661496A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112016028137A2 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2016152273A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015187440A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6792748B2 (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2020-12-02 | サンノプコ株式会社 | Defoamer |
| US10494582B2 (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2019-12-03 | Phillips 66 Company | Composition for use in oils |
| WO2019241498A1 (en) | 2018-06-15 | 2019-12-19 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn | Defoamer active, manufacturing method thereof, and defoaming formuation |
| JP6661712B2 (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2020-03-11 | 旭化成ワッカーシリコーン株式会社 | A silicone antifoam composition and a method for producing the silicone antifoam composition. |
| CN108905305A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2018-11-30 | 湖北兴瑞硅材料有限公司 | Organic silicon defoamer and preparation method thereof |
| FR3100816B1 (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2022-02-18 | Total Marketing Services | DEAERATION OF A LUBRICANT COMPOSITION |
| KR102348559B1 (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2022-01-06 | 현대오일뱅크 주식회사 | Defoamer composition for reducing hydrocarbon foam and silicone carryover |
| CN112057905A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-12-11 | 江苏赛欧信越消泡剂有限公司 | Polyether modified organic silicon defoaming agent safe to strains and preparation method thereof |
| CN115216215A (en) * | 2022-07-09 | 2022-10-21 | 江苏长诺运动场地新材料有限公司 | Environment-friendly polyurethane surface layer for court and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (26)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2313440A1 (en) * | 1975-06-06 | 1976-12-31 | Rhone Poulenc Ind | HOMOGENOUS DISPERSIONS OF DIORGANOPOLYSILOXANIC COMPOSITIONS IN MINERAL OILS |
| US4486336A (en) * | 1983-05-26 | 1984-12-04 | Dow Corning Corporation | Silicone foam-suppressant compositions |
| FR2649089B1 (en) * | 1989-07-03 | 1991-12-13 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | CONTROLLED POROSITY SILICA AND PROCESS FOR OBTAINING SAME |
| JP2954703B2 (en) * | 1990-06-22 | 1999-09-27 | カシェム，インコーポレーテッド | Cable grease composition and products containing the same |
| SE500179C2 (en) * | 1990-11-09 | 1994-05-02 | Alvin Ronlan | Tire balancing gel and balancing of vehicle wheels |
| US5614481A (en) * | 1991-12-30 | 1997-03-25 | Lopez Rangel; Victor D. | Process for obtaining and manufacturing lubricant greases |
| US5236606A (en) * | 1991-12-30 | 1993-08-17 | Rangel Victor D L | Process for obtaining and manufacturing lubricant greases from fumed silica and precipitated silicic acid |
| GB9214569D0 (en) * | 1992-07-09 | 1992-08-19 | Dow Corning Sa | Method of controlling foam |
| GB9214567D0 (en) * | 1992-07-09 | 1992-08-19 | Dow Corning Sa | Foam control agents |
| US5376449A (en) * | 1993-07-09 | 1994-12-27 | Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. | Silica powders for powder evacuated thermal insulating panel and method |
| EP0745648A3 (en) * | 1995-06-01 | 1997-12-10 | Dow Corning Corporation | Stable dispersible silicone compositions |
| US5908891A (en) * | 1996-04-19 | 1999-06-01 | Dow Corning Corporation | Dispersible silicone compositions |
| ES2179974T3 (en) * | 1996-04-19 | 2003-02-01 | Dow Corning | SILICONE DISPERSABLE COMPOSITIONS. |
| US5914362A (en) * | 1996-04-19 | 1999-06-22 | Dow Corning Corporation | Silicone-based antifoam compositions cross-reference to related applications |
| US5990181A (en) * | 1997-12-11 | 1999-11-23 | Witco Corporation | Aqueous foam quenching compositions |
| EP1047735B1 (en) * | 1998-01-15 | 2003-04-02 | Cabot Corporation | Method of preparing hydrophobic silica |
| US6713438B1 (en) * | 1999-03-24 | 2004-03-30 | Mobil Oil Corporation | High performance engine oil |
| US6512015B1 (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2003-01-28 | Dow Corning Corporation | Silicone foam control compositions |
| US7582200B2 (en) * | 2004-12-16 | 2009-09-01 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Hydraulic system and a method of operating a hydraulic pump |
| US7482312B2 (en) * | 2005-04-01 | 2009-01-27 | Shell Oil Company | Engine oils for racing applications and method of making same |
| US20080167390A1 (en) * | 2006-06-01 | 2008-07-10 | James Archer | Defoamer composition for suppressing oil-based and water-based foams |
| WO2008013752A2 (en) * | 2006-07-28 | 2008-01-31 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Improving lubricant air release rates |
| US20090036333A1 (en) * | 2007-07-31 | 2009-02-05 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Metalworking Fluid Compositions and Preparation Thereof |
| EP2087931A3 (en) * | 2008-02-05 | 2011-08-31 | Evonik Goldschmidt GmbH | Defoaming of ionic fluids |
| WO2011102939A1 (en) * | 2010-02-22 | 2011-08-25 | Shell Oil Company | Windshield treatment and wiper blade combination |
| US20160257904A1 (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2016-09-08 | Shell Oil Company | Lubricating composition |
-
2015
- 2015-05-28 CN CN201580027223.XA patent/CN106661496A/en active Pending
- 2015-05-28 BR BR112016028137A patent/BR112016028137A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2015-05-28 WO PCT/US2015/032794 patent/WO2015187440A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2015-05-28 JP JP2016571227A patent/JP2017518419A/en active Pending
- 2015-05-28 US US15/314,541 patent/US20170121629A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-05-28 EP EP15802917.3A patent/EP3152281A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-05-28 RU RU2016152273A patent/RU2016152273A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU2016152273A3 (en) | 2018-11-16 |
| RU2016152273A (en) | 2018-07-09 |
| US20170121629A1 (en) | 2017-05-04 |
| WO2015187440A1 (en) | 2015-12-10 |
| JP2017518419A (en) | 2017-07-06 |
| BR112016028137A2 (en) | 2017-08-22 |
| CN106661496A (en) | 2017-05-10 |
| EP3152281A4 (en) | 2018-01-24 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP3152281A1 (en) | Defoaming agent and associated methods of use | |
| EP1987117B1 (en) | Lubricating oil composition | |
| US9222049B2 (en) | Lubricating composition | |
| US20160257904A1 (en) | Lubricating composition | |
| EP1838821B1 (en) | Lubricating oil composition | |
| JP6849549B2 (en) | Lubricating oil composition for shock absorber | |
| RU2659031C2 (en) | Lubricant composition | |
| CA2590038A1 (en) | Lubricating oil composition | |
| JP6302371B2 (en) | Low viscosity lubricant composition | |
| WO2016032782A1 (en) | Methods for lubricating a diamond-like carbon coated surface, associated lubricating oil compositions and associated screening methods | |
| RU2764982C2 (en) | Lubricating compositions containing a volatility-reducing additive | |
| WO2015034089A1 (en) | Transmission fluid | |
| JP6971149B2 (en) | Lubricating composition | |
| WO2015034091A1 (en) | Transmission fluid | |
| WO2026093453A1 (en) | Antioxidant compositions containing phenolic antioxidants and alkyl alcohols for use in internal combustion engines | |
| JP5048959B2 (en) | Antifoaming agent and lubricating oil composition | |
| WO2025132964A1 (en) | Lubricant compositions containing c8 disubstituted diphenylamine antioxidant | |
| BR112019021840B1 (en) | LUBRICANT COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING A VOLATILITY REDUCING ADDITIVE |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20161031 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
| AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
| DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| A4 | Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched |
Effective date: 20180103 |
|
| RIC1 | Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant |
Ipc: C08L 83/04 20060101ALI20171220BHEP Ipc: B01D 19/04 20060101ALI20171220BHEP Ipc: C10M 171/00 20060101ALI20171220BHEP Ipc: C10M 125/26 20060101ALI20171220BHEP Ipc: C10N 30/18 20060101AFI20171220BHEP Ipc: C10M 155/02 20060101ALI20171220BHEP Ipc: C10M 161/00 20060101ALI20171220BHEP |
|
| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20180731 |