EP3123547A1 - Verfahren zum betreiben eines gebläses zur förderung von wasserstoff in einem brennstoffzellensystem - Google Patents
Verfahren zum betreiben eines gebläses zur förderung von wasserstoff in einem brennstoffzellensystemInfo
- Publication number
- EP3123547A1 EP3123547A1 EP15700866.5A EP15700866A EP3123547A1 EP 3123547 A1 EP3123547 A1 EP 3123547A1 EP 15700866 A EP15700866 A EP 15700866A EP 3123547 A1 EP3123547 A1 EP 3123547A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- cell system
- electric motor
- fan
- operating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04253—Means for solving freezing problems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04328—Temperature; Ambient temperature of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04373—Temperature; Ambient temperature of auxiliary devices, e.g. reformers, compressors, burners
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04492—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content
- H01M8/045—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04492—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content
- H01M8/04514—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content of anode exhausts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04574—Current
- H01M8/04597—Current of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04686—Failure or abnormal function of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04992—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- DE 10 2008 031 280 AI a method is proposed in which immediately before and behind the fan, a flap is arranged, which is closed when switching off the system, so that no water can flow in the direction of the blower.
- this requires an increased expenditure on equipment.
- DE 10 2008 058 959 AI after switching off the fuel cell system to run after the blower with the discharge valve open, wherein in the region of the blower Heat source is provided, takes place through the heating of the fuel cell system. This is to remove the moisture present in the system, allowing a quick reboot.
- this system due to the introduced 5 usually electrical heating energy again a high energy consumption is required.
- the electric motor Preferably, only one or two phases of the electric motor are energized in the second step, so that it only completes a rotation of approximately 30 ° to 180 °.
- a start of the electric motor is not required because a promotion of the gas is not desirable, but only the rotating parts to be broken free. This keeps the energy required low.
- the fixed period in the first step is 3 to 30 seconds. In this period, a releasable ice bridge is expected, so that the energy input is achieved in securing a rotation of the fan when restarting the system.
- the shutdown procedure is started at a fan temperature of less than 2 ° C, since from this temperature is to be expected with an ice formation. At higher temperatures, the energy for the subsequent starts of the electric motor can thus be saved.
- the shut-off procedure is stopped at a fan temperature of below -5 ° C, since on reaching this temperature after switching off the fuel cell system it can be assumed that all the water present in the system is frozen.
- the switch-off procedure is ended after a defined time. For this purpose, a meaningful period is set, after its expiration with a complete transition of the water in the solid state is assumed. For example, such a period may be about 5 minutes.
- the switch-off procedure can also be terminated and the electric motor can no longer be energized if the water present in the fuel cell system has completely changed to the solid state of matter.
- a moisture sensor can be arranged in the anode gas cycle, which measures the proportion of water in the gas in the anode circuit, it being assumed that falls below a defined water content in the gas that the water has completely gone into the solid state.
- a characteristic field can be stored in a control unit of the electric motor, in which a time for terminating the switch-off procedure is determined as a function of a measured outside temperature and a water content in the gas at the time of switching off the fuel cell system. Also, it is alternatively possible to measure the current required for starting the electric motor according to step 2 current or time for generating a rotation of the rotor of the electric motor after the first shutdown according to step 1 and falls below a current threshold or a fixed energization period to generate a movement of the rotor of the electric motor to end the shutdown procedure.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an anode gas cycle of a fuel cell system, in the case of which the method according to the invention can be used.
- FIG. 1 shows a fuel cell stack 1 with a cathode 2 and an anode 3. This fuel cell stack 1 is connected to an anode gas cycle 4, a cathode gas cycle 5 and a cooling circuit 6.
- the cathode gas cycle 5 may for example consist of a compressor, which is driven by an electric motor 17 and promotes air via a line 7 to the cathode side 8 of the fuel cell stack 1.
- Anodengas Vietnameselauf 4 compressed hydrogen from a low-temperature storage via a Druckreduzierventi! and a control valve via a line 9 of the anode side 10 of the fuel cell stack 1 supplied.
- the hydrogen is catalytically oxidized and thereby converted into protons with release of electrons.
- the electrons are derived from the fuel cell and flow through an electrical load, such as an electric motor 17 for driving a motor vehicle, the cathode 2.
- an electrical load such as an electric motor 17 for driving a motor vehicle, the cathode 2.
- the oxidizing agent in the present example! Oxygen from the air, reduced by absorption of electrons to anions.
- the protons diffuse through the proton exchange membrane between the fuel cells to the cathode 2 and react with the reduced oxygen to form water vapor.
- an electric power is generated, which can be removed via the cathode 2 and the anode 3.
- the hydrogen provided is not completely consumed, so that the anode-side exhaust gases can be fed to the anode side 10 again via a return line 11.
- a fan 12 is arranged in the return line 11, which is designed for example as driven by an electronically commutated electric motor 17 side channel blower.
- the non-recirculated exhaust gases of the anode side 10 which consist of unused hydrogen, nitrogen and water vapor, are fed via an outlet 13 and a discharge valve to a catalytic burner in which is converted with the addition of oxygen, the remaining hydrogen in water, which then with the nitrogen can be discharged into the environment.
- the exhaust gases of the cathode side 8 are first supplied via a discharge line 14 and a valve for operating pressure control of a separation device for separating water from the exhaust gas and then the unused atmospheric oxygen and nitrogen released into the environment.
- the cooling circuit 6 can be carried out in a very different manner, wherein both an air cooling and a liquid cooling 5 can be realized. Accordingly, a detailed description of the refrigeration cycle is dispensed with.
- a shutdown procedure for the blower 12 is started. It is first checked, which temperature is present at the fan 12.
- temperature sensors can be arranged for example in the region of the fan head. This check should be carried out after switching off the fuel cell system at regular intervals of, for example, 30 minutes in order to carry out this procedure even at a later cold break after switching off the fuel cell system.
- the electric motor 17 of the fan 12 is turned off, that is not energized.
- a counter is turned on and waits, for example, for about 10 seconds in which the electric motor 17 is not energized and thus the delivery wheel of the fan 12 is stationary. This time is of course the existing system respectively adapt. During this time, the water present in the ducts and in the area of the slots between the rotatable and fixed parts of the fan 12 will begin to freeze. Accordingly, thin ice sheets are formed.
- the stator of the electric motor 17 is briefly energized in a second step. This can be done, for example, in the form that only the first required for the start of the electric motor 17 phase is energized.
- step 1 is again carried out and waited for 10 seconds until the next phase of the electric motor 17 is energized in the following second step, so that the latter is briefly turned again and that during the waiting time formed thin ice layers between the rotating and the fixed parts are broken up again.
- Ending the shutdown procedure can also be done in other ways. It is thus possible to arrange a moisture sensor in the region of the blower 12, by means of which the proportion of water still present in the system and thus not frozen is measured, so that if the threshold falls below a corresponding threshold value, a complete transition of the water into the solid state of matter can be assumed. so that when falling below this threshold, the shutdown procedure is terminated.
- This switch-off procedure can be improved even further by plotting the threshold value as a function of the outside temperature or the temperature present in the system in a characteristic map, and thus falling short of the threshold value corresponding to the measured temperature for terminating the switch-off procedure.
Landscapes
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Computing Systems (AREA)
- Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
- Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Software Systems (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014104380.4A DE102014104380B3 (de) | 2014-03-28 | 2014-03-28 | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Gebläses zur Förderung von Wasserstoff in einem Brennstoffzellensystem |
| PCT/EP2015/050956 WO2015144323A1 (de) | 2014-03-28 | 2015-01-20 | Verfahren zum betreiben eines gebläses zur förderung von wasserstoff in einem brennstoffzellensystem |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3123547A1 true EP3123547A1 (de) | 2017-02-01 |
Family
ID=52394244
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP15700866.5A Withdrawn EP3123547A1 (de) | 2014-03-28 | 2015-01-20 | Verfahren zum betreiben eines gebläses zur förderung von wasserstoff in einem brennstoffzellensystem |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3123547A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102014104380B3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2015144323A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112201813B (zh) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-08-13 | 上海捷氢科技有限公司 | 氢气燃料供应控制方法、燃料电池及汽车 |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10137847B4 (de) * | 2001-08-02 | 2019-06-06 | General Motors Llc ( N. D. Ges. D. Staates Delaware ) | Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Brennstoffzellensystems, bei dem Temperaturen im Gefrierbereich von Wasser auftreten können sowie Brennstoffzellensystem |
| DE10314820B4 (de) * | 2003-04-01 | 2016-11-24 | General Motors Corp. (N.D.Ges.D. Staates Delaware) | Verfahren zum Verhindern der Einfrierung von Wasser im Anodenkreislauf eines Brennstoffzellensystems sowie Brennstoffzellensystem |
| US7270903B2 (en) * | 2004-02-27 | 2007-09-18 | Ford Motor Company | Temperature-based vehicle wakeup strategy to initiate fuel cell freeze protection |
| JP2006073427A (ja) * | 2004-09-03 | 2006-03-16 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
| JP4953051B2 (ja) * | 2006-02-15 | 2012-06-13 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
| US8574776B2 (en) * | 2006-06-27 | 2013-11-05 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Fuel cell system water management strategy for freeze capability |
| DE102008031280A1 (de) * | 2008-07-02 | 2010-02-04 | Pierburg Gmbh | Anordnung eines Brennstoffzellensystems und Verfahren zum Einschalten und Abschalten eines derartigen Anodengaskreislaufs eines Brennstoffzellensystems |
| DE102008058959A1 (de) * | 2008-11-25 | 2010-05-27 | Daimler Ag | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Brennstoffzellensystems |
| DE102010035039A1 (de) * | 2010-08-20 | 2012-02-23 | Pierburg Gmbh | Pumpe mit einem Elektromotor sowie Verfahren zum Einschalten einer derartigen Pumpe |
-
2014
- 2014-03-28 DE DE102014104380.4A patent/DE102014104380B3/de active Active
-
2015
- 2015-01-20 EP EP15700866.5A patent/EP3123547A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-01-20 WO PCT/EP2015/050956 patent/WO2015144323A1/de not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| None * |
| See also references of WO2015144323A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2015144323A1 (de) | 2015-10-01 |
| DE102014104380B3 (de) | 2015-07-23 |
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