EP3117727A1 - Shoe with ventilation in the lower shaft area and air-permeable spacing structure usable for same - Google Patents
Shoe with ventilation in the lower shaft area and air-permeable spacing structure usable for same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3117727A1 EP3117727A1 EP16180543.7A EP16180543A EP3117727A1 EP 3117727 A1 EP3117727 A1 EP 3117727A1 EP 16180543 A EP16180543 A EP 16180543A EP 3117727 A1 EP3117727 A1 EP 3117727A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- air
- permeable
- shoe
- shaft
- functional layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B1/00—Footwear characterised by the material
- A43B1/02—Footwear characterised by the material made of fibres or fabrics made therefrom
- A43B1/04—Footwear characterised by the material made of fibres or fabrics made therefrom braided, knotted, knitted or crocheted
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
- A43B7/06—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements ventilated
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B1/00—Footwear characterised by the material
- A43B1/02—Footwear characterised by the material made of fibres or fabrics made therefrom
- A43B1/05—Footwear characterised by the material made of fibres or fabrics made therefrom woven
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
- A43B13/38—Built-in insoles joined to uppers during the manufacturing process, e.g. structural insoles; Insoles glued to shoes during the manufacturing process
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B23/00—Uppers; Boot legs; Stiffeners; Other single parts of footwear
- A43B23/02—Uppers; Boot legs
- A43B23/0205—Uppers; Boot legs characterised by the material
- A43B23/0235—Different layers of different material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
- A43B7/06—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements ventilated
- A43B7/08—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements ventilated with air-holes, with or without closures
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
- A43B7/06—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements ventilated
- A43B7/08—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements ventilated with air-holes, with or without closures
- A43B7/082—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements ventilated with air-holes, with or without closures the air being expelled to the outside
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
- A43B7/06—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements ventilated
- A43B7/08—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements ventilated with air-holes, with or without closures
- A43B7/084—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements ventilated with air-holes, with or without closures characterised by the location of the holes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
- A43B7/12—Special watertight footwear
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
- A43B7/12—Special watertight footwear
- A43B7/125—Special watertight footwear provided with a vapour permeable member, e.g. a membrane
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B1/22—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration
Definitions
- the invention relates to shoes with ventilation below the sole of the foot and with the removal of sweat moisture through layers below the foot to improve the climate comfort of such shoes.
- shoes in the sole area either had some water vapor permeability, also called breathability, due to the use of outsole material such as leather, with the disadvantage of water permeability in the sole area, or shoes in the sole area due to the use of outsoles of waterproof material such as rubber or rubber-like Plastic waterproof but also impermeable to water vapor, with the disadvantage of the accumulation of sweat moisture in the sole of the foot.
- outsole material such as leather
- waterproof material such as rubber or rubber-like Plastic waterproof but also impermeable to water vapor
- shoes have been made which are both waterproof and permeable to water vapor in the sole area by perforating their outsoles with through openings and covering the through openings by means of a waterproof, water vapor permeable membrane arranged on the inside of the outsole, so that no water from the outside can penetrate to the shoe interior, but in the sole of the foot resulting sweat moisture can escape from the shoe interior to the outside.
- a waterproof, water vapor permeable membrane arranged on the inside of the outsole, so that no water from the outside can penetrate to the shoe interior, but in the sole of the foot resulting sweat moisture can escape from the shoe interior to the outside.
- two different solutions gone. Either you have provided the outsole with their vertical thickness through openings through which sweat moisture from the shoe interior to the tread of the outsole can be passed, or you have provided the outsole with horizontal channels over which sweat moisture that has collected above the outsole over the lateral extent of the outsole can escape.
- a sole composite according to EP 0 382 904 A1 has a micro-perforated lower sole portion, also provided with perforations upper sole portion and therebetween a waterproof, water vapor permeable membrane.
- the outsole is provided with relatively large vertical through-openings for obtaining a stronger water vapor permeability, and a water vapor-permeable protective layer is arranged between the latter and the outsole for mechanical protection of the membrane.
- the outsole is provided with relatively large vertical through-openings, which are closed by a water-vapor-permeable protective layer.
- Such an outsole is attached to a watertight shaft assembly, thus providing a watertight shoe.
- the outsole is provided on its side facing away from the tread on its outer periphery with a raised outsole edge, which is interspersed with horizontal, that is, running parallel to the tread microperforations.
- a spacer is arranged with standing upright from the outsole transverse webs, which may be formed integrally with the outsole.
- an inner band associated with the spacer which is also penetrated by horizontally extending passage openings.
- a water vapor permeable mounting sole or insole Under the outer peripheral region of which a lasting impact of a shaft made of water vapor permeable material is struck, which is located on the inner side of the inner band of the spacer element.
- a waterproof, water vapor permeable membrane which extends approximately perpendicularly from the inside of the outsole.
- the outsole is on its side facing away from the tread on the one hand on the outer periphery with a raised edge web, in the top of the edge web passing through venting channels are inserted, and provided in a sole region within the edge web with hemispherical projections.
- On the upper surface of the outsole is disposed an upper sole member which rests on the edge land and on the protrusions of the outsole and has a water vapor permeable portion covered with a waterproof, water vapor permeable membrane having an extension approximately equal to that of the protruded portion of the outsole. Sweat moisture, which accumulates in the space between the outsole and sole element, in which the projections of the outsole are located, can theoretically escape via the ventilation channels in the edge web of the outsole.
- the EP 1 033 924 B1 shows a shoe with an outsole with an upstanding from an inner side of the outsole outer peripheral edge, which is penetrated by horizontal, ie parallel to the tread of the outsole extending venting channels.
- the outsole is attached to a shaft having a bottom side lower shaft portion having a lasting impact associated with the underside of a peripheral portion of a perforated mounting sole.
- a waterproof, water vapor permeable membrane is disposed on the underside of the mounting base.
- Sweat moisture which has passed through the perforated mounting base and the membrane into the air-permeable material, can diffuse through the horizontal ventilation channels of the outer peripheral edge of the outsole in the outside environment.
- water which has passed through the ventilation channels in the air-permeable material is prevented by the membrane from passing through the mounting sole into the shoe interior.
- On the inside of the outsole is a nail protection plate, so that this shoe is suitable as a safety shoe.
- Out JP 16-75205 U is a shoe known in which the two approaches above are combined.
- the sole structure of this shoe has a perforated mounting sole, an outsole which is provided at its shoe inner space facing upper side with horizontally extending, opening to the outside of the outsole circumference horizontal grooves and extending from these grooves to the tread through holes, and has a on the Underneath the mounting sole arranged waterproof, water vapor permeable membrane and a disposed between the membrane and the outsole protective layer, for example made of felt.
- a sole-side lower end portion of a shaft is wrapped in the form of a lasting impact on the underside of a peripheral edge portion of the mounting sole.
- the protective layer is in the same plane as the lasting impact and the protective layer extends only between the inner edge of the lasting impact.
- the horizontally extending grooves are open at the periphery of the outsole to the outside environment.
- the present invention provides a shoe according to claim 1 and an air-permeable spacer structure suitable for such a shoe according to claim 28.
- the core of the invention is defined by an air-permeable spacer fabric ventilation space below the sole of the foot, which allows efficient removal of condensation moisture (water vapor), which has passed through the layers below the foot.
- a shoe according to the invention has a shaft arrangement and a sole, wherein the shaft arrangement has a shaft upper material and an air-permeable layer arranged in a shaft bottom.
- the air-permeable layer is arranged in a sole-side lower region of the shaft arrangement above the sole.
- the air-permeable layer has a three-dimensional structure permitting air passage in at least the horizontal direction.
- the upper upper material has at least one air passage opening in a sole-side lower peripheral region, by means of which a connection can be established between the air-permeable layer and the outer environment of the shoe such that an exchange of air between the outer environment and the air-permeable layer can take place. In this way, heat and water vapor can be dissipated from the region of the shaft arrangement located above the air-permeable layer, for example by means of convective air exchange through the air-permeable layer.
- the at least one air passage opening which in conjunction with the air-permeable layer enables the efficient removal of perspiration moisture, is not formed in the outsole, where it is from the standpoint of outsole stability and especially in the case of a shoe with a rather thin outsole for aesthetic reasons can not be particularly large, but in a sole side lower peripheral region of the upper shaft material, where the air passage opening compares easily can make large, achieved thereby already a better exchange of air and thus higher Wasserdampfabloomloom Wennkeit than in a shoe whose at least one air passage opening is formed in the outsole.
- the shaft arrangement with the air-permeable layer has the further advantage that the air-permeable layer, which is positioned between the at least one air passage opening and the shoe interior, can extend directly to the inside of the upper material and not, as in the known solutions according to EP 1 033 924 B1 and JP 16-75205 U is limited to the interior between the Zwickintschsrand of the upper shaft material.
- the air-permeable layer is located above the glued-on lasting sting and can therefore provide a larger exchange surface for water vapor and heat of the sole of the foot. Therefore, in the solution according to the invention, the air-permeable layer may have a significantly larger surface area than in the known solutions, with a correspondingly larger exchange area and thus Wasserdampfabrioskapaztician.
- an embodiment of the invention is used in which at least in a lower region of the shaft arrangement pointing towards the sole, an at least water-vapor-permeable functional layer is provided, wherein the air-permeable layer is arranged below the functional layer.
- the air permeable layer is located directly below the water vapor permeable functional layer.
- the functional layer is waterproof and permeable to water vapor.
- both a shank functional layer and a shank bottom functional layer are provided so that water vapor permeability and waterproofness are achieved for both the shank and the shank bottom region of the shoe.
- a water-tight and water-vapor-permeable functional layer for example in the form of a functional layer laminate, is located in the shaft bottom region, the air-permeable layer being located immediately below the functional layer or the functional layer laminate.
- an advantage of the invention lies in the fact that an air exchange and thus a removal of sweat moisture and heat is made possible by the at least one air passage opening in cooperation with the air-permeable layer.
- the diffusion-limiting diffusion path which the water vapor initially has to cover from the underside of the foot to the air-permeable layer, is minimized by the choice of the thinnest possible layer structure of the functional layer and maximizes heat transfer.
- the steam is additionally carried away convectively via the air flow, whereby the water vapor partial pressure difference between the two sides of the functional layer is permanently maintained at a high level.
- the water vapor partial pressure difference between the two sides of the functional layer is a driving force for efficient removal of perspiration moisture.
- heat is also dissipated by the convection. The fact that in the case of a gezucksten shaft, the air-permeable layer is located above the lasting end of the upper shaft material, is approximately the entire sole surface for the steam exchange available.
- a shaft functional layer and a shaft bottom functional layer are part of a sock-like functional layer bootie in which a shaft region is formed by the shaft functional layer and a sole region by the shaft bottom functional layer.
- the shank functional layer and the shank bottom functional layer in the lower shank region are connected to each other and sealed watertight at their common boundary.
- the functional layer of the shaft functional layer and / or the shaft bottom functional layer is part of a multilayer laminate which has at least one textile layer in addition to the functional layer.
- Frequently used laminates are two-, three- or four-ply with a textile layer on one side or one textile layer on each side of the functional layer.
- a shaft bottom functional layer laminate and / or a shaft functional layer laminate are constructed with the laminate.
- the functional layer has a water vapor-permeable membrane.
- the membrane is waterproof and permeable to water vapor.
- the functional layer has a membrane constructed with expanded microporous polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE).
- the air permeable layer is below the shaft bottom functional layer.
- the air-permeable layer is located immediately below the shaft bottom functional layer, which in the case that the shaft bottom functional layer is part of a functional layer laminate, is to include the air-permeable layer immediately below the functional layer laminate.
- At least one air passage opening in the upper shaft material is arranged so that it is at least partially at the same height as the air-permeable layer.
- At least two in the foot transverse direction or in the foot longitudinal direction at least approximately opposite air passage openings are arranged in the lower region of the upper upper material.
- the air exchange is strongly promoted by the relative movement of the shoe wearer to the outside air. Wind and / or walking or running increases the air exchange.
- the lower peripheral portion of the upper shaft material has a plurality of air passage openings arranged along the circumference of the shaft assembly.
- the lower end of the upper sheath material has a separate air-permeable shaft material, which is attached to the upper shaft material and thus is part of the upper shaft material.
- This air-permeable shaft material which extends around most of the shaft circumference or even around the entire shaft circumference, has a plurality of air passage openings due to the air-permeable structure.
- the air-permeable shaft material is attached in the form of a mesh to the lower end of the upper upper material.
- the air-permeable shaft material may be constructed of a perforated or latticed material. This air-permeable shaft material can be made stable in such a way that it gives the shaft the required shape stability despite these air passage openings extending almost or completely around the entire shaft circumference.
- the at least one air passage opening has a total area of at least 50 mm 2 , preferably of at least 100 mm 2 .
- the at least one air passage opening is covered with an air-permeable protective material, for example a protective net or protective grid made of metal or plastic, to hinder the penetration of foreign bodies such as dirt or pebbles through the air passage opening.
- the air-permeable protective material can are located in the region of the lower peripheral region of the upper material of the shaft along the air-permeable layer, either on the outside of the air passage opening or on the inside of the air passage opening between the shaft upper material and the air-permeable layer.
- the at least one air passage opening can be closed by means of a device.
- the device serves for temporary protection against external elements, at least against splash water, so that water can not penetrate directly through the air passage opening.
- the device can be designed in the form of a movable device, for example as a slide, by means of which the at least one air passage opening can be partially or completely closed in order to throttle or prevent the exchange of air between the outside world of the shoe and the air-permeable layer. This may be advantageous, especially at low temperatures (such as in winter), because too strong a cooling effect can occur through the removal of sweat moisture and the associated cooling effect in connection with the exchange of air through the air-permeable layer.
- By closing the air passage openings by means of the movable device, an excessive ingress of water when walking in a very wet environment can be counteracted.
- a fan or blower installed, for example, in the air-permeable layer ensures a constant exchange of air with the environment.
- the performance of the fan can regulate itself independently to maintain a desired setpoint temperature on the foot.
- the fan may be required for a noticeable cooling effect, especially in the case of small or low relative movements between the shoe and ambient air as well as at high ambient temperatures.
- the stiffener and mounting insole are located with which the Zwickeinschlag is glued, below the air-permeable layer.
- the invention is not limited to shoes with a fluted shank but is applicable regardless of how the lower portion of the upper of the upper has been processed to obtain a shank-side shaped shaft arrangement.
- the invention is not limited to shoes with a fluted shank but is applicable regardless of how the lower portion of the upper of the upper has been processed to obtain a shank-side shaped shaft arrangement.
- the Zwick-style also known per se other types are applicable.
- Examples include the Strobel-style, in which the lower portion of the upper shaft material is sewn to the circumference of a mounting sole by means of a so-called Strobelnaht; the Einsch beneficial-Machart (also known as “string-Lasting"), in which at the sole side end portion of the upper shaft material a Schnettunnel, for example in the form of a spiral loop seam, is attached, through which a movable Einindeschnur leads, by means of which the sole side end portion of the upper shaft material can be contracted; and the moccasin-style, in which the shaft, with the exception of the blade, and the shaft bottom are made in one piece from a piece of shaft upper, usually leather.
- all components of the shoe contributing to the breathability are located above a boundary plane between the upper and the sole.
- all components of the shoe with the exception of the ground contacting outsole, are part of the shaft assembly.
- This shank arrangement can be completely completed before the outsole is attached to the shaft arrangement in a temporally and possibly spatially separate second production step for the completion of the shoe.
- the attachment of the outsole can pass immediately after completion of the shaft assembly in a single pass of the shoe manufacture, or with completion of the shaft assembly is first completed a self-contained manufacturing step, after which the shaft assembly thus obtained is brought to another manufacturing location at which the shaft assembly with the Outsole is provided.
- This manufacturing site may be located in the same factory where the stem assembly is made.
- the manufacturing site where the shaft assembly is provided with the outsole may also be located in a very different location than the manufacturing location for the shaft assembly, so that between the step of manufacturing the shaft assembly and the step of mounting the Outsole on the shaft assembly may take place interrupting the manufacturing process, during which the finished shaft assembly is brought to the manufacturing site for attaching the outsole to the shaft assembly.
- the sole is additionally provided with at least one sole passage opening extending through its thickness.
- This embodiment leads to a shoe in whose sole region a removal of sweat moisture and heat both in the vertical direction over the at least one sole passage opening and in the horizontal direction over the at least one air passage opening of the upper upper material is made possible.
- the at least one sole passage opening serves as an aid to improved drainage of water, which has reached an area above the outsole.
- a penetration protection element for example in the form of a nail protection plate, is arranged in or above the outsole for producing a safety shoe. This prevents lying on the floor objects such as nails in particular, which can be entered into the outsole, through these and overlying other elements of the sole structure and the shaft bottom through into the shoe interior penetrate and injure the foot of the user of the shoe.
- the penetration protection element which is for example a steel plate or a plastic plate with corresponding penetration resistance. Since in such a safety shoe, the outsole passing through openings make no sense, because these are covered by the nail protection plate anyway, remains in such a shoe for ventilation in the plantar area and thus improve the climate comfort exclusively the horizontal lateral removal of sweat moisture.
- the air-permeable layer is formed as an air-permeable spacer structure, which is designed so that the air-permeable layer, even under load by the foot of the user of the shoe maintains such a distance between the under and over their layers that the air permeability of the permeable layer is maintained.
- the air-permeable spacer structure is at least partially elastically yielding. As a result, the walking comfort of the shoe is increased because with this type of air-permeable spacer structure a shock absorption and a lighter rolling when walking is achieved.
- the air-permeable spacer structure is designed such that at maximum load with the shoe size of the shoe according to the maximum expected weight of the shoe user elastically maximum extent yields so far that even with such a maximum load nor a significant portion of the air conductivity of the permeable layer forming spacer structure is maintained.
- this proviso for the air-permeable spacer fabric ensures that the air-permeable spacer structure is not completely compressed under load by the user of the shoe with loss of its air permeability, but that it is the distance function and thus the air permeability of the spacer structure even under load by the user of the shoe to a sufficient for the ventilation function dimensions.
- the air-permeable spacer structure has a first support surface forming sheet and a plurality of perpendicularly and / or at an angle between 0 ° and 90 ° away from the sheet extending spacers.
- the spacer elements of the spacer structure are formed as studs, wherein the free stud ends taken together form said second bearing surface.
- the spacer structure on two mutually parallel sheets, wherein the two sheets are connected by means of the spacer elements air permeable to each other and kept at a distance.
- Each of the fabrics forms one of the two bearing surfaces of the spacer structure.
- spacer elements must have the same length in order to make the two support surfaces equidistant over the entire areal extent of the spacer structure.
- the spacer elements may be formed separately, that is, they are not connected to each other between the two bearing surfaces. But it is also possible to let the spacer elements touch between the two bearing surfaces or to fix at least a portion of the contact points formed thereby to each other, for example by adhesive or in that the spacer elements of one another weldable material, such as a klebemap by heating expectant material.
- the spacer elements may be rod-shaped or thread-like individual elements or sections of a more complex structure, for example a truss or latticework.
- the spacer elements can also be connected to one another in a zigzag shape or in the form of a cross lattice.
- the stiffness and thus dimensional stability Adjust the spacing structure under load to the respective requirements.
- the spacing structure is wave-shaped or sawtooth-shaped.
- the two bearing surfaces are defined by the upper and lower peaks or the upper and lower sawtooth apex of the spacer structure.
- the spacer structure is constructed with a consolidated knit, the bonding being accomplished, for example, by gluing, for which a synthetic resin adhesive may be used, or by thermal exposure by constructing the spacer with thermoplastic material and solidifying it to a softening temperature which this material glued together, is heated.
- the spacer structure is constructed with a material selected from the group of materials polyolefins, polyamides or polyesters.
- the spacer structure is constructed with fibers, of which at least a part is arranged as a spacer perpendicularly between the fabrics.
- the fibers are constructed with a flexible, deformable material.
- the fibers are made of polyolefins, polyester or polyamide.
- the fabrics are constructed with open-pored woven, knitted or knitted textile materials.
- the air-permeable spacer structure is formed by two mutually parallel air-permeable sheets, which are interconnected by means of mono- or multifilaments permeable to air and at the same time spaced.
- the sheets are constructed with a material selected from the group of materials of polyolefins, polyamides or polyesters.
- At least a portion of the monofilaments or multifilaments of the spacer structure are arranged as spacers approximately perpendicularly between the fabrics.
- the mono- or multifilaments consist of polyolefins and / or polyesters and / or polyamides.
- An air-permeable spacer structure of the type mentioned designed for use as an air-permeable layer in a shaft bottom of a shaft arrangement of a shoe, represents a self-inventive subject matter.
- the air-permeable layer or the air-permeable spacer structure forming it has the function of a ventilation sizing whose ventilation effect is based on a very low flow resistance for air.
- the air exchange causes an efficient removal of moisture in the form of water vapor from the shoe interior to the shoe outside.
- Another advantage of the present invention is that due to the arrangement of the air-permeable layer according to the invention in the shaft bottom region of the shaft assembly conventional soles can be used without additional modifications. Especially in mountain shoes and trekking shoes, the border area between sole and shaft assembly is sealed from the outside along the shoe circumference with an additional rubber sole band. This band must also be perforated in the area of the air passage openings.
- Shell soles can be used for embodiments of the invention, for example, if the air passage openings in the shaft material are arranged above the shell edge or if the additional sole band at the locations where it lies above the at least one air passage opening of the upper shaft material, in turn with one or more corresponding air passage openings is provided.
- the at least one air passage opening may have any shape.
- the at least one air passage opening has a round shape, for example, is circular or elliptical.
- the shape of the at least one air passage opening may also be square, for example, may have the shape of a square or an elongated rectangle.
- an air-permeable layer for example, is a distance structure, as it is in itself DE 102 40 802 A2 is known, but there in connection with an infrared-reflective material for clothing.
- the air-permeable layer can be, for example, a shaped structure made of polymers, a 3D spacer or a textile polymerized with polymer resins
- the air pervious layer may also be made by an injection molding process, in one embodiment it may have a channel or tubular configuration or be formed of polymer or metal foams.
- Shaped structures of polymers are based on polymer monofilaments, fabrics, nonwovens or scrims which are formed by means of deformation and fixation of the materials to a ribbed, knobbed or zigzag structure.
- the structure may also be a 3-dimensional structure, for example made of polypropylene, in the form of a filament fabric placed, for example, in a wavy or other shape into a 3D structure.
- the deformation and fixation can be carried out, for example, via a heated structural roller or as a thermoforming process.
- the shaped structures may additionally be laminated with a woven or non-woven fabric to improve dimensional stability.
- One possible method for producing such shaped structures is, for example, in the patent application WO 2006/056398 A1 described.
- the air-permeable layer can also be formed from a 3D spacer structure.
- spacers are usually made of polyester multi- or monofilaments.
- Spacers may be spacer, spacer, spacer, or spacer.
- the active technology makes it possible to vary both the top and bottom of the fabric surfaces as well as the spacer thread (pile thread) independently of each other. Thus, the surfaces and the hardness including the spring characteristic can be adjusted depending on the type of individual application. Spacers are characterized by a very high air circulation in all directions, even under load.
- a spacer structure for example in the form of a spacer knitted fabric, can also be produced by impregnating fabrics which are impregnated with synthetic resin before or after deformation into a 3-dimensional structure, thus obtaining the desired rigidity.
- inorganic fibers such as glass fibers or carbon fibers can be selected.
- Table 1 Selection of possible usable materials for the air-permeable layer template Manufacturer characteristics product name Thickness in mm Basis weight in g / m 2 Air volume in% polymer 1 Colbond bv 3D mat structure made of monofilaments, thermoformed to a zig-zag structure ENKA Spacer: 8006H 5006C 7004H 3-12 100-2000 > 70 Polyester Polyamides Polyolefins > 90 2 Colbond bv 3D mat structure made of monofilaments, which are welded together at their crossing points ENKA Spacer: 7008 3-12 100-2000 > 70 Polyester Polyamides Polyolefins > 90 3 Müller textile 3D spacers 3-mesh 3-12 100-1500 Polyester monofilament or multifilament 4 Tylex Letovice as 3D spacers Tylspace 3-12 100-1500 Polyester monofilament or multifilament
- the air-permeable layer is to maintain a distance between the foot and the outsole and form a plurality of passages which oppose as little resistance as possible to an air flow and thus contribute to the transport of water vapor and heat without adsorbing the water vapor.
- the air permeable layer has no or at least substantially no capillary action.
- the breathable layer will be at her Bottom side of the mounting base and / or a filling layer and / or the outsole closed and is open at least on its periphery in an air permeability permitting manner.
- the air permeable sheet is additionally open on its upper surface also in an air permeability permitting manner.
- the upper surface of the air-permeable layer facing the shaft interior is in one embodiment directed towards a watertight and possibly also water-vapor-permeable functional layer.
- FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a shoe 10, which has a shaft assembly 12 and attached to the lower end portion of the shaft assembly 12 sole 14, which in the case of this embodiment is an outsole.
- the shaft assembly 12 has in the usual way at its upper end a soliciteinschlüpfö réelle 12 a, from which extends a lacing portion 12 b in the direction of the forefoot portion of the shaft assembly 12.
- a plurality of air passage openings 20 arranged around a part of the circumference of the shaft arrangement 12 can be seen.
- no air vents provided In the front part of the forefoot area, which corresponds approximately to the toe area of the shoe, in this embodiment no air vents provided.
- the air passage openings 20 are uniformly distributed around the remaining peripheral region of the shaft assembly 12 at approximately the same distance from one another and are of circular design. Furthermore, the air passage openings 20 are provided with an air-permeable protective cover 22 to prevent the penetration of coarse particles such as stones.
- the protective cover 22 may cover the air passage opening from outside and / or from inside.
- a protective cover 22 may be associated with each individual air passage opening 20 or an entire protective cover 22 extends over all air passage openings.
- the protective cover 22 may be formed, for example, grid or net shape.
- FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of a shoe 10, which largely with the in FIG. 1 However, it differs from the first embodiment in terms of the arrangement and shape of the air passage openings 20 shown.
- the air passage openings 20 of the in FIG. 2 Shoe shown have an elongated rectangular shape in the circumferential direction of the shaft assembly 12 and are located in the forefoot or heel region of the shaft circumference in the lower end of the shaft assembly.
- the air passage openings 20 also have a grid-shaped protective cover 22.
- FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of a shoe 10, which largely with the in FIG. 2 shown second embodiment, but differs from the second embodiment in the arrangement of the air passage openings 20.
- the air passage openings 20 have an elongated rectangular shape in the circumferential direction of the shaft assembly 12. However, only in the forefoot area of the shaft circumference are air passage openings 20 which are at least approximately opposite in the transverse direction of the foot.
- the air passage openings 20 are covered with a grid-shaped protective cover 22.
- FIG. 3 also shows on behalf of all embodiments of the FIGS. 1 to 4 a device 45, by means of which the air passage openings 20 can be closed if necessary.
- the illustrated movable device 45 comprises means with which an at least water-repellent material temporarily the air passage opening 20 closes.
- an at least water-repellent material can be pushed along the circumference of the shaft over the air passage opening 20 until it is closed.
- the pusher may be provided for each one air passage opening or for a plurality of air passage openings.
- the movable device 45 allows the air passage opening and thus the air-permeable layer (not shown) of the shaft assembly 12 to be temporarily protected against the ingress of liquids such as water.
- the closing of the air passage openings may also be advantageous in winter or in very cold temperatures, as this can prevent over-cooling of the foot.
- a device for closing the air passage openings plug, slide, flaps, a circulating belt and all other closure mechanisms can be used.
- Possible materials for closing the air passage opening may be plastics, foams, coated textiles, TPU, TPE, silicone, polyolefins, polyamides vulcanizates.
- FIG. 4 shows a fourth embodiment of a shoe 10, which largely with the in FIG. 1 but differs from the first embodiment in that the air passage openings 20 are formed by an air-permeable material which extends around the entire circumference of the lower shaft portion.
- the air-permeable material is part of the upper upper material.
- it may be a separate perforated, latticed or reticulated material attached to the sole side lower peripheral portion of the upper of the upper, or the upper of the upper itself is mechanically processed in this lower peripheral portion such as by punching or perforating.
- air-permeable material nets, meshes, mesh-like fabrics, open-cell foams, air-permeable fabrics, and combinations of these materials may be used. These materials can be, for example consist of polyesters, polyamides, polyolefins, TPE, TPU, vulcanizates.
- All embodiments in the FIGS. 1 to 4 is common that at least two air passage openings in the foot transverse direction or in the foot longitudinal direction are at least approximately opposite.
- an air flow through the air-permeable layer can form, which is conducive to the removal of water vapor and heat from the inside of the shoe by means of convection.
- the airflow can also be actively generated with a built-in fan.
- FIGS. 1 to 4 can also be combined with each other.
- FIGS. 5 to 9 each show a cross-section through part of the forefoot portion of a shoe 10, along the section line AA in FIG FIG. 1 , If such a cutting line only in FIG. 1 is shown, the cross-sectional views of FIGS. 5 to 9 equally for those in the FIGS. 2 to 4 shown embodiments.
- the FIGS. 5 to 9 each show a shaft assembly 12 with an attached sole 14, which represents an outsole in the illustrated embodiment.
- the in the FIGS. 5 to 9 shown embodiments differ with respect to the respective shaft assembly 12th All shaft assemblies 12 of the embodiments in the FIGS. 5 to 9 have a shaft upper 16, on the inside of which there is a lining, which either has a bootie functional layer 34 (FIG.
- a shank functional layer 37 ( FIGS. 6 or 7 ) or only one feed layer 18 without functional layer ( FIG. 8 ) having.
- a shaft bottom functional layer is located in the region of the shaft bottom 15.
- the shank functional layer and the shank bottom functional layer may be common parts of a functional layer boat 39 (FIG. Figures 5 or 9 ) or they may be separate functional layer parts which are sealed against each other ( FIGS. 6 and 7 ). In FIG. 8 only the shoe bottom has a functional layer.
- all of these functional layers are part of a multi-layer functional layer laminate, in the illustrated embodiments of a three-layer functional layer laminate 24, 27 or 28 with a functional layer 34, 37 and 38 embedded between two sheets 25 and 26, respectively.
- the fabrics in FIGS. 25 and 26 may typically be one textile layer at a time.
- the shaft functional layer 37 or the shaft functional layer laminate 27 (FIG. FIGS. 6 and 7 ) or the feed layer 18 (FIG. FIG. 8 ) may be secured by means of a Strobelnaht 32 to a mounting base 30.
- an air-permeable layer 40 (FIG. FIGS. 5 to 9 At least approximately at the level of the at least one air passage opening 20.
- a sole-side lower end region of the upper upper material 16 is either stuck on the underside of the mounting sole 30 as a lasting weft 16a by means of a Zwickklebstoff (not shown). Figures 5 and 9 ) or the air-permeable layer 40 (FIG. FIGS. 6 and 7 ). Or the sole-side lower end region of the upper upper material 16 is connected by means of a further Strobelnaht 33 with another mounting sole 30a ( FIG. 8 ).
- the upper 16 is constructed with a moisture vapor permeable material. Also with water vapor permeable material are arranged above the shaft bottom functional layer laminate 28 mounting base 30 ( FIGS. 6 to 8 ) and the feed layer 18 (FIG. FIG. 8 ) built up. All located below the air-permeable layer 40 layers of the shaft bottom, such as the mounting base 30 in Figure 5, the filling layers 31 in the FIGS. 6 and 7 and the other mounting brine 30a in FIG. 8 do not need to have water vapor permeability.
- FIGS. 5 to 9 are the air passage openings 20 of the upper shaft material 16 close to the Abwinklungs Society the embraced lower end portion of the Schaftobermaterials 16, namely at such a height that the air passage openings 20 at least approximately at the same level as the peripheral side surfaces 42 of the air-permeable layer 40.
- the air passage openings 20 preferably have a vertical extent approximately equal to the vertical thickness of the air-permeable layer 40 and the air passage openings 20 and the air-permeable layer 40 in vertical Direction relative to each other aligned so that a horizontal center plane of the air-permeable layer 40 and a central axis of the respective air passage opening 20 are at least approximately the same vertical height.
- the sole 14 is connected to the lower portion of the shaft assembly 12 so as to be flush with the underside of the impact forming lower end portion 16a of the upper 16 of the upper and the portion of the lower surface of the upper which is not covered by this impact. communicates.
- a unevenness on the underside of the shaft bottom, in particular caused by a lasting impact 16a of the shaft upper 16, can be compensated by a filling layer 31.
- the sole 14 may be constructed with waterproof material which is rubber or a rubber-like elastic plastic, for example an elastomer. However, the sole 14 may also be made of material permeable to water vapor such as leather.
- the sole 14 may be a prefabricated sole which is glued to the shaft assembly 12, or a sole molded onto the shaft assembly 12.
- a running surface of this sole located on the underside of the sole 14 is provided with a groove pattern in the usual way in order to form profile projections which improve the slip resistance of the shoe 10 provided with such a sole 14.
- an upper edge 14 a of the sole 14 terminates below the lower end of the respective air passage opening 20.
- a mainly serving as scree rubber edge be attached For example, by adhering to Schaftobermeterial 16 and the upper edge 14a of the sole, for example, the same color as the sole 14 has.
- the rubber rim at the passage openings 20 corresponding points in turn provided with air passage openings.
- the air passage openings 20 are provided with an air-permeable protective cover 22, which is formed for example by a net or mesh of metal or plastic or by a textile material with high air permeability and thus high water vapor permeability.
- the protective cover 22 may be on the outside ( Figures 5 . 6 . 8th and 9 ) or the inside ( FIG. 7 ) of the respective air passage opening 20 are located.
- each air passage opening 20 is associated with its own protective cover 22 or each part of the air passage openings 20 or all air passage openings 20 is associated with a common protective cover strip which extends over the corresponding number of the air passage openings 20.
- FIGS. 5 to 9 will now be considered in more detail.
- the functional layer on the inside of the upper upper 16 and the functional layer on the upper side of the air permeable layer 40 are both part of a sock-like bootie 39, which lines the entire upper 12 on its inside except for the foot insertion 12a.
- a bootie is usually sewn together from several functional layer parts, wherein the seams are pasted over with waterproof seam sealing tape and made waterproof in this way.
- the bootie could also be made of one piece of material, which would no longer require the need to sew and seal it.
- the bootie is constructed with the already mentioned functional layer laminate 24.
- the shaft assembly 12 is thus waterproof and after addition of a sole 14 there is a waterproof shoe.
- the air-permeable layer 40 is arranged in the shaft bottom region immediately below the functional layer laminate 24 of the bootie 39. In this case, the air-permeable layer 40 extends over the entire shaft bottom region and is thus available to the entire sole of the foot for the steam and heat exchange.
- the mounting sole 40 On the underside of which the twill flap 16a of the sole-side lower end region is fastened by means of a Zwickklebstoff (not shown).
- a separate mounting sole it is also possible in certain designs, to make the bottom or lower bearing surface of the air-permeable layer 40 correspondingly stable, so that the lasting impact can be fastened to this underside.
- the air-permeable layer additionally assumes the function of a mounting sole.
- the shaft bottom functional layer laminate 28 is located below the mounting sole 30 and extends below the struck end portion 27a of the shaft functional layer laminate 27 and is watertightly connected to the end portion 27a via a sealing material (not shown), for example in the form of a sealing adhesive, so that the shoe interior is penetrated by the shoe Cooperation of the mutually sealed functional layers 37 and 38 with the exception of practitionereinschlüpfö réelle 12 a and the Schnur Societys 12 b of the shoe 10 is completely waterproof, as when using a functional layer bootie. It is also possible to waterproof the shaft bottom functional layer above the mounting sole to the shaft functional layer laminate.
- the shaft bottom functional layer 38 extends below the embossed end region 27a and thus beyond the strobe seam 32, the strobe seam 32 is also sealed by the shaft bottom functional layer 38.
- the air permeable layer 40 is disposed.
- the lasting weft 16a of the upper 16 is secured by means of a Zwickklebstoffs (not shown).
- the air-permeable layer also assumes the function of a mounting sole. In principle, it would also be possible to provide a separate mounting base below the air-permeable layer.
- the unevenness on the underside of the shaft bottom 15 caused by the lasting impact 16a of the upper material 16 is compensated by the filling layer 31 in the manner already mentioned.
- FIG. 7 The embodiment shown differs from that in FIG. 6 shown embodiment only in that the protective cover 22 is not disposed on the outside but on the inside of the shaft upper material 16 directly along the peripheral side surfaces 42 of the air-permeable layer 40 and the inside in front of the air passage opening 20.
- FIG. 8 The embodiment shown differs from the embodiments according to FIGS. 5 to 7 on the one hand by the fact that the upper 16 is provided with only one feed layer 18 but not with a shank functional layer except for a lower region near the shank bottom 15, and on the other hand by having two mounting soles and two strobe seams.
- the feed layer 18 has at a bottom side bottom side a Futterlageneinschlag 18 a, which is connected by means of a Strobelnaht 32 with a mounting base 30.
- the sole-side lower end region 16a of the upper upper material 16 is connected by means of a further Strobelnaht 33 with another mounting sole 30a.
- the shaft bottom functional layer 38 which again may be part of a shaft bottom functional layer laminate, has on its outer periphery an upwardly upstanding collar 38a which projects into a gap between the upper 16 and the liner 18. Between the shaft bottom functional layer 38 and the shaft bottom functional layer laminate and the further mounting sole 30a, the air-permeable layer 40 is arranged.
- the shaft bottom functional layer laminate may also be disposed above the mounting sole. However, in the embodiment according to FIG. 8 the upper shaft area is not waterproof. Thus, the shoe is according to FIG.
- FIG. 9 embodiment shown substantially corresponds to the embodiment shown in Figure 5.
- the mounting base 30 designed so that the air-permeable layer 40 directed towards surface of the mounting base 30 rises at an angle in the middle and projects into the air-permeable layer.
- the lower bearing surface of the air-permeable Layer 40 raised or compressed according to the angled elevation of the mounting sole 30.
- formed within the air-permeable layer two inclined planes, starting from the center in the direction of the peripheral side surfaces 42 downwardly and thus facilitate the drainage of any existing water in the air-permeable layer 40.
- Such an embodiment of the mounting sole 30 can also for the embodiments in the FIGS. 5 to 8 be provided.
- spacer structures 60 are shown, which are suitable for the air-permeable layer 40 according to the invention. All of these distance formations is to own, that they form two spaced support surfaces, wherein the distance structure rests with the lower support surface on the respective support and whose upper support surface serves as a support surface for the located above the spacer structure layer, which is in particular the bottom area the functional layer booties ( FIG. 5 or 9 ) or the shaft bottom functional layer laminate ( FIGS. 6 to 8 ).
- the two bearing surfaces are either either each formed by a sheet, which are held by means of intermediate spacer elements at a distance from each other and of which at least the upper is air-permeable ( FIG. 11 ).
- the lower bearing surface is formed by a fabric, stand up from the spacer elements whose free ends form support points, which together have the function of the upper support surface ( Figures 10 . 12 and 14 ).
- This distance structure 60 consists in one embodiment of an initially flat knit or a solid material which, after being brought into the shape shown, for example, by a deep drawing process, is so stiff or stiffened that it retains this shape under the load, which it is exposed to when walking with the shoe, which is equipped with this distance structure.
- a deep-drawing process it is also possible to use other measures already mentioned, namely deformation and stiffening by a thermoforming process or impregnation with a synthetic resin curing to the desired shape and rigidity.
- FIG. 11 shows an embodiment of a suitable as an air-permeable layer 40 spacer structure 60
- the upper and lower support surface are formed by two mutually parallel air-permeable sheets 62 and 64, which are selected for example from the group of polyolefins, polyamides or polyesters, wherein the sheets 62 and 64 are interconnected by supporting fibers 66 air-permeable and spaced at the same time. At least a portion of the fibers 66 are disposed as spacers at least approximately perpendicularly between the sheets 62 and 64.
- the fibers 66 are made of a flexible, deformable material such as polyester or polypropylene.
- the air may flow through the sheets 62 and 64 and between the fibers 66.
- the fabrics 62 and 64 are open-pored woven, knitted or knitted textile materials.
- Such a spacer fabric 60 may be the aforementioned spacer fabric available from Tylex or Müller Textil.
- FIG. 12 shown spacer structure 60 has a similar structure as that in FIG. 10 However, shown spacers, but consists of a knitted fabric or Gewirkkefilêtn which are brought into this form and solidified, for example, by a thermal process or impregnation with synthetic resin in this form.
- FIG. 13 shows an embodiment of a zigzag or sawtooth profile spacer 60 to which an initially flat material has been formed, such that the upper and lower peaks 60a and 60b are the upper and lower peaks, respectively define lower bearing surface of this spacer 60.
- the spacer 60 of this shape can be formed by the already mentioned methods and solidified to the desired stiffness.
- FIG. 14 shows a further embodiment of a spacer structure 60, which is suitable as the inventive air-permeable layer 40.
- spacers are formed by the single bottom sheet 68 not by protrusions or protrusions but by tufts 70 which are upstanding from the sheet 68 and whose top free ends together define the top support surface.
- the tufts 70 can be applied by flocking the lower fabric 68.
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Abstract
Schuh (10), aufweisend eine Schaftanordnung (12) und eine Sohle (14), wobei die Schaftanordnung (12) ein Schaftobermaterial (16) und eine in einem Schaftboden angeordnete luftdurchlässige Lage (40) aufweist, die luftdurchlässige Lage (40) in einem sohlenseitigen unteren Bereich der Schaftanordnung (12) oberhalb der Sohle (14) angeordnet ist, die luftdurchlässige Lage (40) eine in mindestens horizontaler Richtung Luftdurchlass zulassende dreidimensionale Struktur aufweist und in einem sohlenseitigen unteren Umfangsbereich des Schaftobermaterials (16) wenigstens eine Luftdurchlassöffnung (20) angeordnet ist, die mit der luftdurchlässigen Lage (40) derart in Verbindung steht, dass über die luftdurchlässige Lage (40) Luft zwischen der Umgebung und der luftdurchlässigen Lage (40) ausgetauscht werden kann.Shoe (10) comprising a shaft assembly (12) and a sole (14), wherein the shaft assembly (12) comprises a shaft upper (16) and an air permeable layer (40) disposed in a shaft bottom, the air permeable layer (40) in a the bottom part of the shaft arrangement (12) is arranged above the sole (14), the air-permeable layer (40) has a three-dimensional structure permitting air passage in at least horizontal direction and at least one air passage opening (20) in a bottom side circumferential region of the upper upper material (16) is arranged, which communicates with the air-permeable layer (40) in such a way that on the air-permeable layer (40) air between the environment and the air-permeable layer (40) can be replaced.
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf Schuhe mit Belüftung unterhalb der Fußsohle und mit dem Abtransport von Schwitzfeuchtigkeit durch Lagen unterhalb des Fußes zur Verbesserung des Klimakomforts solcher Schuhe.The invention relates to shoes with ventilation below the sole of the foot and with the removal of sweat moisture through layers below the foot to improve the climate comfort of such shoes.
In früheren Zeiten wiesen Schuhe im Sohlenbereich entweder eine gewisse Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit, auch Atmungsaktivität genannt, infolge der Verwendung von Laufsohlenmaterial wie Leder auf, mit dem Nachteil der Wasserdurchlässigkeit im Sohlenbereich, oder waren Schuhe im Sohlenbereich infolge der Verwendung von Laufsohlen aus wasserdichtem Material wie Gummi oder gummiähnlichem Kunststoff zwar wasserdicht aber auch wasserdampfundurchlässig, mit dem Nachteil der Ansammlung von Schwitzfeuchtigkeit im Fußsohlenbereich.In former times, shoes in the sole area either had some water vapor permeability, also called breathability, due to the use of outsole material such as leather, with the disadvantage of water permeability in the sole area, or shoes in the sole area due to the use of outsoles of waterproof material such as rubber or rubber-like Plastic waterproof but also impermeable to water vapor, with the disadvantage of the accumulation of sweat moisture in the sole of the foot.
In jüngerer Zeit hat man Schuhe geschaffen, die im Fußsohlenbereich sowohl wasserdicht als auch wasserdampfdurchlässig sind, indem man deren Laufsohlen mit Durchgangsöffnungen perforiert und die Durchgangsöffnungen mittels einer auf der Innenseite der Laufsohle angeordneten wasserdichten, wasserdampfdurchlässigen Membran abgedeckt hat, so dass zwar kein Wasser von außen zum Schuhinnenraum vordringen kann, jedoch im Fußsohlenbereich entstehende Schwitzfeuchtigkeit vom Schuhinnenraum nach außen entweichen kann. Hierbei ist man zwei verschiedene Lösungswege gegangen. Entweder hat man die Laufsohle mit ihre Dicke durchsetzenden vertikalen Durchgangsöffnungen versehen, über welche Schwitzfeuchtigkeit aus dem Schuhinnenraum zur Lauffläche der Laufsohle geleitet werden kann, oder man hat die Laufsohle mit horizontalen Kanälen versehen, über welche Schwitzfeuchtigkeit, die sich oberhalb der Laufsohle gesammelt hat, über den seitlichen Umfang der Laufsohle entweichen kann.Recently, shoes have been made which are both waterproof and permeable to water vapor in the sole area by perforating their outsoles with through openings and covering the through openings by means of a waterproof, water vapor permeable membrane arranged on the inside of the outsole, so that no water from the outside can penetrate to the shoe interior, but in the sole of the foot resulting sweat moisture can escape from the shoe interior to the outside. Here are two different solutions gone. Either you have provided the outsole with their vertical thickness through openings through which sweat moisture from the shoe interior to the tread of the outsole can be passed, or you have provided the outsole with horizontal channels over which sweat moisture that has collected above the outsole over the lateral extent of the outsole can escape.
Beispiele für den ersten Lösungsweg, bei welchem die Laufsohle ihre Dicke durchsetzende vertikale Durchgangsöffnungen aufweist, zeigen
Beispiele für den zweiten Lösungsweg, bei welchem die Laufsohle horizontale, parallel zu ihrer Lauffläche verlaufende Entlüftungskanäle aufweist, sind bekannt aus
Bei einem Schuh gemäß
Im Fall der
Die
Aus
Insbesondere bei Schuhen, deren Laufsohle nicht mit ihre Dicke durchsetzenden vertikalen Durchgangsöffnungen versehen ist oder aus Sicherheitsgründen, beispielsweise wegen des Erfordernisses einer Nagelschutzplatte, nicht versehen werden kann, aber selbst bei Schuhen, deren Laufsohle mit solchen vertikalen Durchgangsöffnungen versehen ist, ist es wünschenswert, in einem Bereich unterhalb der Fußsohle ein Entlüftungssystem zu schaffen, mit dem sich eine spürbare Erhöhung des Klimakomforts im Fußsohlenbereich erreichen lässt.In particular, for shoes whose outsole is not provided with vertical through-openings penetrating its thickness or which can not be provided for safety reasons, for example because of the need for a nail-protection plate, but even for shoes whose outsole is provided with such vertical through-holes, it is desirable to incorporate one Area under the sole of the foot to create a ventilation system, with which a noticeable increase in climate comfort in the plantar area can be achieved.
Unter diesen Gesichtspunkten schafft die vorliegende Erfindung einen Schuh gemäß Anspruch 1 und ein für einen solchen Schuh geeignetes luftdurchlässiges Abstandsgebilde gemäß Anspruch 28.In view of these aspects, the present invention provides a shoe according to claim 1 and an air-permeable spacer structure suitable for such a shoe according to
Kern der Erfindung ist ein durch ein luftdurchlässiges Abstandsgebilde definierter Belüftungsraum unterhalb der Fußsohle, welcher einen effizienten Abtransport von Schwitzfeuchtigkeit (Wasserdampf), weiche durch die Lagen unterhalb des Fußes gelangt ist, ermöglicht.The core of the invention is defined by an air-permeable spacer fabric ventilation space below the sole of the foot, which allows efficient removal of condensation moisture (water vapor), which has passed through the layers below the foot.
Ein erfindungsgemäßer Schuh weist eine Schaftanordnung und eine Sohle auf, wobei die Schaftanordnung ein Schaftobermaterial und eine in einem Schaftboden angeordnete luftdurchlässige Lage aufweist. Die luftdurchlässige Lage ist in einem sohlenseitigen unteren Bereich der Schaftanordnung oberhalb der Sohle angeordnet. Die luftdurchlässige Lage weist eine in mindestens horizontaler Richtung Luftdurchlass zulassende dreidimensionale Struktur auf. Das Schaftobermaterials weist in einem sohlenseitigen unteren Umfangsbereich wenigstens eine Luftdurchlassöffnung auf, mittels welcher zwischen der luftdurchlässigen Lage und der Außenumgebung des Schuhs eine Verbindung hergestellt werden kann, derart, dass ein Luftaustausch zwischen der Außenumgebung und der luftdurchlässigen Lage erfolgen kann. Auf diese Weise können aus dem oberhalb der luftdurchlässigen Lage befindlichen Bereich der Schaftanordnung Wärme und Wasserdampf abgeführt werden, beispielsweise mittels konvektivem Luftaustausch durch die luftdurchlässige Lage.A shoe according to the invention has a shaft arrangement and a sole, wherein the shaft arrangement has a shaft upper material and an air-permeable layer arranged in a shaft bottom. The air-permeable layer is arranged in a sole-side lower region of the shaft arrangement above the sole. The air-permeable layer has a three-dimensional structure permitting air passage in at least the horizontal direction. The upper upper material has at least one air passage opening in a sole-side lower peripheral region, by means of which a connection can be established between the air-permeable layer and the outer environment of the shoe such that an exchange of air between the outer environment and the air-permeable layer can take place. In this way, heat and water vapor can be dissipated from the region of the shaft arrangement located above the air-permeable layer, for example by means of convective air exchange through the air-permeable layer.
Da bei der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung die mindestens eine Luftdurchlassöffnung, welche in Verbindung mit der luftdurchlässigen Lage die effiziente Entfernung von Schwitzfeuchtigkeit ermöglicht, nicht in der Laufsohle gebildet ist, wo sie aus Gesichtspunkten der Laufsohlenstabilität und insbesondere bei einem Schuh mit einer aus ästhetischen Gründen eher dünnen Laufsohle nicht besonders groß sein kann, sondern in einem sohlenseitigen unteren Umfangsbereich des Schaftobermaterials, wo man die Luftdurchlassöffnung problemlos vergleichsweise groß machen kann, erreicht man schon dadurch einen besseren Luftaustausch und somit höhere Wasserdampfabführmöglichkeit als bei einem Schuh, dessen mindestens eine Luftdurchlassöffnung in der Laufsohle gebildet ist.Since, in the solution according to the invention, the at least one air passage opening, which in conjunction with the air-permeable layer enables the efficient removal of perspiration moisture, is not formed in the outsole, where it is from the standpoint of outsole stability and especially in the case of a shoe with a rather thin outsole for aesthetic reasons can not be particularly large, but in a sole side lower peripheral region of the upper shaft material, where the air passage opening compares easily can make large, achieved thereby already a better exchange of air and thus higher Wasserdampfabführmöglichkeit than in a shoe whose at least one air passage opening is formed in the outsole.
Die Schaftanordnung mit der luftdurchlässigen Lage hat noch den weiteren Vorteil, dass sich die luftdurchlässige Lage, welche zwischen der mindestens einen Luftdurchlassöffnung und dem Schuhinnenraum positioniert ist, bis unmittelbar zur Innenseite des Schaftobermaterials erstrecken kann und nicht, wie bei den bekannten Lösungen gemäß
Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung und die mit ihr erreichte hohe Wasserdampfdurchlass- und Luftaustauschwirkung ist vorteilhaft sowohl bei Schuhen, die nicht wasserdicht sein müssen, weil sie nur in trockenen Bereichen verwendet werden, beispielsweise Arbeitsschuhe in einer Montagehalle, als auch bei Schuhen, die auch im Freien getragen werden und daher möglicherweise Nässe ausgesetzt werden.The solution according to the invention and the high Wasserdampfdurchlass- and Luftaustauschwirkung achieved with it is advantageous both for shoes that do not have to be waterproof, because they are used only in dry areas, such as work shoes in an assembly hall, as well as shoes, which also worn outdoors and may therefore be exposed to moisture.
Für den letzteren Fall dient eine Ausführungsform der Erfindung, bei welcher wenigstens in einem zur Sohle weisenden unteren Bereich der Schaftanordnung eine zumindest wasserdampdurchlässige Funktionsschicht vorgesehen ist, wobei die luftdurchlässige Lage unterhalb der Funktionsschicht angeordnet ist. In einer Ausführungsform befindet sich die luftdurchlässige Lage unmittelbar unterhalb der wasserdampfdurchlässigen Funktionsschicht. Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die Funktionsschicht wasserdicht und wasserdampfdurchlässig.For the latter case, an embodiment of the invention is used in which at least in a lower region of the shaft arrangement pointing towards the sole, an at least water-vapor-permeable functional layer is provided, wherein the air-permeable layer is arranged below the functional layer. In one embodiment, the air permeable layer is located directly below the water vapor permeable functional layer. In one embodiment of the invention, the functional layer is waterproof and permeable to water vapor.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind sowohl eine Schaftfunktionsschicht als auch eine Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht vorgesehen, so dass Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit bei gleichzeitiger Wasserdichtigkeit sowohl für den Schaft als auch für den Schaftbodenbereich des Schuhs erreicht sind.In one embodiment of the invention, both a shank functional layer and a shank bottom functional layer are provided so that water vapor permeability and waterproofness are achieved for both the shank and the shank bottom region of the shoe.
Bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung befindet sich im Schaftbodenbereich eine wasserdichte und wasserdampfdurchlässige Funktionsschicht, beispielsweise in Form eines Funktionsschichtlaminats, wobei sich die luftdurchlässige Lage unmittelbar unterhalb der Funktionsschicht beziehungsweise des Funktionsschichtlaminats befindet. Im Zusammenhang mit dieser Ausführungsform liegt ein Vorteil der Erfindung vor allem darin, dass durch die mindestens eine Luftdurchlassöffnung im Zusammenwirken mit der luftdurchlässigen Lage ein Luftaustausch und damit eine Entfernung von Schwitzfeuchtigkeit und Wärme ermöglicht wird. Der die Effizienz limitierende Diffusionsweg, den der Wasserdampf zunächst von der Fußunterseite bis zur luftdurchlässigen Lage zurücklegen muss, wird durch die Wahl eines möglichst dünnen Lagenaufbaus des Funktionsschicht minimiert und die Wärmeübertragung maximiert. Hat der Wasserdampf die luftdurchlässige Lage erreicht, wird er zusätzlich konvektiv über die Luftströmung abtransportiert, wodurch die Wasserdampfpartialdruckdifferenz zwischen den beiden Seiten der Funktionsschicht dauerhaft auf einem hohen Niveau gehalten wird. Es müssen keine weiteren Schichten überwunden werden. Die Wasserdampfpartialdruckdifferenz zwischen den beiden Seiten der Funktionsschicht ist eine treibende Kraft für die effiziente Entfernung von Schwitzfeuchtigkeit. Neben dem Wasserdampf wird durch die Konvektion auch Wärme abgeführt. Dadurch dass im Fall eines gezwickten Schafts die luftdurchlässige Lage oberhalb des Zwickeinschlags des Schaftobermaterials angeordnet ist, steht annähernd die gesamte Sohlenfläche für den Wasserdampfaustausch zur Verfügung.In a further embodiment of the invention, a water-tight and water-vapor-permeable functional layer, for example in the form of a functional layer laminate, is located in the shaft bottom region, the air-permeable layer being located immediately below the functional layer or the functional layer laminate. In connection with this embodiment, an advantage of the invention lies in the fact that an air exchange and thus a removal of sweat moisture and heat is made possible by the at least one air passage opening in cooperation with the air-permeable layer. The diffusion-limiting diffusion path, which the water vapor initially has to cover from the underside of the foot to the air-permeable layer, is minimized by the choice of the thinnest possible layer structure of the functional layer and maximizes heat transfer. If the steam has reached the air-permeable layer, it is additionally carried away convectively via the air flow, whereby the water vapor partial pressure difference between the two sides of the functional layer is permanently maintained at a high level. There are no more layers to overcome. The water vapor partial pressure difference between the two sides of the functional layer is a driving force for efficient removal of perspiration moisture. In addition to the steam, heat is also dissipated by the convection. The fact that in the case of a gezucksten shaft, the air-permeable layer is located above the lasting end of the upper shaft material, is approximately the entire sole surface for the steam exchange available.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung mit Schaftfunktionsschicht und Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht sind diese Teil eines sockenartigen Funktionsschichtbootie, bei welchem ein Schaftbereich durch die Schaftfunktionsschicht und ein Sohlenbereich durch die Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht gebildet ist.In one embodiment of the invention having a shaft functional layer and a shaft bottom functional layer, these are part of a sock-like functional layer bootie in which a shaft region is formed by the shaft functional layer and a sole region by the shaft bottom functional layer.
Bei einer anderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung mit Schaftfunktionsschicht und Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht sind die Schaftfunktionsschicht und die Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht im unteren Schaftbereich miteinander verbunden und an ihrer gemeinsamen Grenze gegeneinander wasserdicht abgedichtet.In another embodiment of the invention with the shank functional layer and the shank bottom functional layer, the shank functional layer and the shank bottom functional layer in the lower shank region are connected to each other and sealed watertight at their common boundary.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die Funktionsschicht der Schaftfunktionsschicht und/oder der Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht Teil eines mehrlagigen Laminats, welches zusätzlich zur Funktionsschicht mindestens eine Textillage aufweist. Häufig verwendete Laminate sind zwei-, drei- oder vierlagig ausgebildet mit einer Textillage auf einer Seite beziehungsweise je einer Textillage auf beiden Seiten der Funktionsschicht.In one embodiment of the invention, the functional layer of the shaft functional layer and / or the shaft bottom functional layer is part of a multilayer laminate which has at least one textile layer in addition to the functional layer. Frequently used laminates are two-, three- or four-ply with a textile layer on one side or one textile layer on each side of the functional layer.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind mit dem Laminat ein Schaftbodenfunktionsschichtlaminat und/oder ein Schaftfunktionsschichtlaminat aufgebaut.In one embodiment of the invention, a shaft bottom functional layer laminate and / or a shaft functional layer laminate are constructed with the laminate.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist die Funktionsschicht eine wasserdampfdurchlässige Membran auf. Vorzugsweise ist die Membran wasserdicht und wasserdampfdurchlässig. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist die Funktionsschicht eine mit expandiertem mikroporösem Polytetrafluorethylen (ePTFE) aufgebaute Membran auf.In one embodiment of the invention, the functional layer has a water vapor-permeable membrane. Preferably, the membrane is waterproof and permeable to water vapor. In a preferred embodiment, the functional layer has a membrane constructed with expanded microporous polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE).
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung befindet sich die luftdurchlässige Lage unterhalb der Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht.In one embodiment of the invention, the air permeable layer is below the shaft bottom functional layer.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung befindet sich die luftdurchlässige Lage unmittelbar unterhalb der Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht, was für den Fall, dass die Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht Teil eines Funktionsschichtlaminats ist, einschließen soll, dass sich die luftdurchlässige Lage unmittelbar unterhalb des Funktionsschichtlaminats befindet.In one embodiment of the invention, the air-permeable layer is located immediately below the shaft bottom functional layer, which in the case that the shaft bottom functional layer is part of a functional layer laminate, is to include the air-permeable layer immediately below the functional layer laminate.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist wenigstens eine Luftdurchlassöffnung in dem Schaftobermaterial derart angeordnet, dass sie sich mindestens teilweise auf gleicher Höhe wie die luftdurchlässige Lage befindet.In one embodiment of the invention, at least one air passage opening in the upper shaft material is arranged so that it is at least partially at the same height as the air-permeable layer.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind im unteren Bereich des Schaftobermaterials mindestens zwei sich in Fußquerrichtung oder in Fußlängsrichtung mindestens ungefähr gegenüberliegende Luftdurchlassöffnungen angeordnet. Somit wird ebenfalls der konvektive Luftaustausch ermöglicht oder gefördert. Stark gefördert wird der Luftaustausch von der Relativbewegung des Schuhträgers zur Außenluft. Bei Wind und/oder Gehen bzw. Laufen verstärkt sich der Luftaustausch.In one embodiment of the invention at least two in the foot transverse direction or in the foot longitudinal direction at least approximately opposite air passage openings are arranged in the lower region of the upper upper material. Thus, the convective air exchange is also enabled or promoted. The air exchange is strongly promoted by the relative movement of the shoe wearer to the outside air. Wind and / or walking or running increases the air exchange.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist der untere Umfangsbereich des Schaftobermaterials mehrere Luftdurchlassöffnungen auf, die entlang des Umfanges der Schaftanordnung angeordnet sind.In a further embodiment of the invention, the lower peripheral portion of the upper shaft material has a plurality of air passage openings arranged along the circumference of the shaft assembly.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist das untere Ende des Schaftobermaterials ein separates luftdurchlässiges Schaftmaterial auf, welches an dem Schaftobermaterial befestigt ist und somit Teil des Schaftobermaterials ist. Dieses luftdurchlässige Schaftmaterial, das sich um den größten Teil des Schaftumfangs oder sogar um den gesamten Schaftumfang erstreckt, weist aufgrund der luftdurchlässigen Struktur eine Vielzahl von Luftdurchlassöffnungen auf. In einer Ausführungsform ist das luftdurchlässige Schaftmaterial in Form eines Netzes an dem unteren Ende des Schaftobermaterials befestigt. In weiteren Ausführungsformen kann das luftdurchlässige Schaftmaterial aus einem perforierten oder gitterförmigen Material aufgebaut sein. Dieses luftdurchlässige Schaftmaterial kann derart stabil ausgebildet werden, dass es dem Schaft trotz dieser sich fast oder ganz um den gesamten Schaftumfang erstreckenden Luftdurchlassöffnungen die erforderliche Formstabilität verleiht.In one embodiment of the invention, the lower end of the upper sheath material has a separate air-permeable shaft material, which is attached to the upper shaft material and thus is part of the upper shaft material. This air-permeable shaft material, which extends around most of the shaft circumference or even around the entire shaft circumference, has a plurality of air passage openings due to the air-permeable structure. In one embodiment, the air-permeable shaft material is attached in the form of a mesh to the lower end of the upper upper material. In other embodiments, the air-permeable shaft material may be constructed of a perforated or latticed material. This air-permeable shaft material can be made stable in such a way that it gives the shaft the required shape stability despite these air passage openings extending almost or completely around the entire shaft circumference.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist die wenigstens eine Luftdurchlassöffnung eine Gesamtfläche von wenigstens 50 mm2, vorzugsweise von wenigstens 100 mm2 auf.In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one air passage opening has a total area of at least 50 mm 2 , preferably of at least 100 mm 2 .
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die mindestens eine Luftdurchlassöffnung mit einem luftdurchlässigen Schutzmaterial abgedeckt, beispielsweise einem Schutznetz oder Schutzgitter aus Metall oder Kunststoff, um das Eindringen von Fremdkörpern wie z.B. Schmutz oder Steinchen durch die Luftdurchlassöffnung zu behindern. Das luftdurchlässige Schutzmaterial kann sich im Bereich des unteren Umfangsbereiches des Schaftobermaterials entlang der luftdurchlässigen Lage befinden, und zwar entweder auf der Außenseite der Luftdurchlassöffnung oder auf der Innenseite der Luftdurchlassöffnung zwischen Schaftobermaterial und luftdurchlässiger Lage.In a further embodiment of the invention, the at least one air passage opening is covered with an air-permeable protective material, for example a protective net or protective grid made of metal or plastic, to hinder the penetration of foreign bodies such as dirt or pebbles through the air passage opening. The air-permeable protective material can are located in the region of the lower peripheral region of the upper material of the shaft along the air-permeable layer, either on the outside of the air passage opening or on the inside of the air passage opening between the shaft upper material and the air-permeable layer.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die mindestens eine Luftdurchlassöffnung mittels einer Vorrichtung verschließbar. Die Vorrichtung dient zum zeitweisen Schutz gegen äußere Elemente, mindestens gegen Spritzwasser, so dass Wasser nicht unmittelbar durch die Luftdurchlassöffnung eindringen kann. Die Vorrichtung kann in Form einer bewegbaren Vorrichtung ausgebildet sein, beispielsweise als ein Schieber, mittels welchem die mindestens eine Luftdurchlassöffnung teilweise oder ganz geschlossen werden kann, um den Luftaustausch zwischen der Außenwelt des Schuhs und der luftdurchlässigen Lage zu drosseln oder zu unterbinden. Dies kann speziell bei niedrigen Temperaturen (wie zum Beispiel im Winter) vorteilhaft sein, da durch die Abführung von Schwitzfeuchtigkeit und der damit verbundenen Kühlwirkung in Verbindung mit dem Luftaustausch über die luftdurchlässige Lage eine zu starke Kühlwirkung auftreten kann. Durch Schließen der Luftdurchlassöffnungen mittels der bewegbaren Vorrichtung kann einem übermäßigen Wassereintritt beim Gehen in sehr nasser Umgebung entgegengewirkt werden.In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one air passage opening can be closed by means of a device. The device serves for temporary protection against external elements, at least against splash water, so that water can not penetrate directly through the air passage opening. The device can be designed in the form of a movable device, for example as a slide, by means of which the at least one air passage opening can be partially or completely closed in order to throttle or prevent the exchange of air between the outside world of the shoe and the air-permeable layer. This may be advantageous, especially at low temperatures (such as in winter), because too strong a cooling effect can occur through the removal of sweat moisture and the associated cooling effect in connection with the exchange of air through the air-permeable layer. By closing the air passage openings by means of the movable device, an excessive ingress of water when walking in a very wet environment can be counteracted.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung sorgt ein zum Beispiel in der luftdurchlässigen Lage eingebauter Lüfter oder ein Gebläse für einen konstanten Luftaustausch mit der Umgebung. Die Leistung des Lüfters kann sich dabei selbstständig regeln, um eine gewünschte Solltemperatur am Fuß zu halten. Der Lüfter kann speziell bei kleinen oder niedrigen Relativbewegungen zwischen Schuh und Umgebungsluft sowie bei hohen Umgebungstemperaturen für eine spürbare Kühlwirkung erforderlich sein.In one embodiment of the invention, a fan or blower installed, for example, in the air-permeable layer, ensures a constant exchange of air with the environment. The performance of the fan can regulate itself independently to maintain a desired setpoint temperature on the foot. The fan may be required for a noticeable cooling effect, especially in the case of small or low relative movements between the shoe and ambient air as well as at high ambient temperatures.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung, bei der es sich um einen gezwickten Schuh handelt, bei welchem ein sohlenseitiger Zwickeinschlag des Schaftobermaterials auf einen Umfangsrand der Unterseite einer Montagesohle oder Brandsohle geklebt wird (auch unter der Bezeichnung AGO bekannt), befinden sich der Zwickeinschlag und die Montagesohle, mit welcher der Zwickeinschlag verklebt ist, unterhalb der luftdurchlässigen Lage.In one embodiment of the invention, which is a nipped shoe in which a sole side perpendiculation of the upper of the upper is adhered to a peripheral edge of the underside of an insole or insole (also known as AGO), the stiffener and mounting insole are located with which the Zwickeinschlag is glued, below the air-permeable layer.
Die Erfindung ist jedoch nicht auf Schuhe mit gezwicktem Schaft begrenzt sondern unabhängig davon anwendbar, auf welche Weise der untere Bereich des Schaftobermaterials zum Erhalt einer schaftbodenseitig in Form gebrachten Schaftanordnung verarbeitet worden ist. Neben der Zwick-Machart sind auch die an sich bekannten weiteren Macharten anwendbar. Als Beispiele seien erwähnt die Strobel-Machart, bei welcher der untere Bereich des Schaftobermaterials mittels einer so genannten Strobelnaht an den Umfang einer Montagesohle genäht wird; die Einbinde-Machart (auch als "String-Lasting" bekannt), bei welcher an den sohlenseitigen Endbereich des Schaftobermaterials ein Schnurtunnel, beispielsweise in Form einer spiralförmigen Schlaufennaht, angebracht wird, durch den eine bewegliche Einbindeschnur führt, mittels welcher der sohlenseitige Endbereich des Schaftobermaterials zusammengezogen werden kann; und die Mokassin-Machart, bei welcher der Schaft, mit Ausnahme des Blattes, und der Schaftboden einstückig aus einem Stück Schaftobermaterial, meist Leder, gefertigt werden.However, the invention is not limited to shoes with a fluted shank but is applicable regardless of how the lower portion of the upper of the upper has been processed to obtain a shank-side shaped shaft arrangement. In addition to the Zwick-style also known per se other types are applicable. Examples include the Strobel-style, in which the lower portion of the upper shaft material is sewn to the circumference of a mounting sole by means of a so-called Strobelnaht; the Einschließ-Machart (also known as "string-Lasting"), in which at the sole side end portion of the upper shaft material a Schnettunnel, for example in the form of a spiral loop seam, is attached, through which a movable Einindeschnur leads, by means of which the sole side end portion of the upper shaft material can be contracted; and the moccasin-style, in which the shaft, with the exception of the blade, and the shaft bottom are made in one piece from a piece of shaft upper, usually leather.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung befinden sich alle zur Atmungsaktivität beitragenden Komponenten des Schuhs oberhalb einer Grenzebene zwischen Schaft und Sohle. Somit sind alle Komponenten des Schuhs mit Ausnahme der den Boden berührenden Laufsohle Teil der Schaftanordnung. Diese Schaftanordnung kann vollständig fertig gestellt werden, bevor in einem zeitlich und möglicherweise auch räumlich separaten zweiten Herstellungsschritt zur Fertigstellung des Schuhs noch die Laufsohle an der Schaftanordnung befestigt wird. Das Anbringen der Laufsohle kann unmittelbar nach Fertigstellung der Schaftanordnung in einem einheitlichen Durchgang der Schuhherstellung passieren, oder mit Fertigstellung der Schaftanordnung ist zunächst ein in sich geschlossener Herstellungsschritt beendet, wonach die so erhaltene Schaftanordnung an eine andere Fertigungsstelle gebracht wird, an welcher die Schaftanordnung mit der Laufsohle versehen wird. Diese Fertigungsstelle kann sich im selben Fertigungsbetrieb befinden, in welchem die Schaftanordnung hergestellt wird. Die Fertigungsstelle, an welcher die Schaftanordnung mit der Laufsohle versehen wird, kann sich aber auch an einem ganz anderen Ort als die Fertigungsstelle für die Schaftanordnung befinden, so dass zwischen dem Schritt der Fertigung der Schaftanordnung und dem Schritt der Anbringung der Laufsohle an der Schaftanordnung eine Unterbrechung des Herstellungsvorgangs stattfinden kann, während welcher die fertig gestellte Schaftanordnung zu der Fertigungsstelle für das Anbringen der Laufsohle an der Schaftanordnung gebracht wird. Da mit Ausnahme der Laufsohle sämtliche Komponenten des Schuhs in der Schaftanordnung untergebracht werden, indem nicht nur die Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht sondern auch die luftdurchlässige Lage am Schaftboden befestigt werden beziehungsweise einen Teil des Schaftbodens bilden, bevor die Laufsohle an der Schaftanordnung befestigt wird, was beispielsweise durch Anspritzen oder Ankleben geschehen kann, braucht diejenige Fertigungsstelle, welche für das Anbringen der Laufsohle an die Schaftanordnung zuständig ist, nichts weiter als diese Laufsohle anzubringen, wofür ganz normale herkömmliche Methoden und Werkzeuge ausreichen. Der diffizilere und heiklere Teil der Schuhherstellung, nämlich die Handhabung und Montage der Funktionsschicht und der luftdurchlässigen Lage, ist in die Herstellung der Schaftanordnung einbezogen, also in eine Herstellungsphase, in welcher ohnehin kompliziertere und komplexere Verfahrensschritte erforderlich sind als bei einem Verfahrensschritt, bei welchem lediglich eine Laufsohle an der Schaftanordnung befestigt wird.In one embodiment of the invention, all components of the shoe contributing to the breathability are located above a boundary plane between the upper and the sole. Thus, all components of the shoe, with the exception of the ground contacting outsole, are part of the shaft assembly. This shank arrangement can be completely completed before the outsole is attached to the shaft arrangement in a temporally and possibly spatially separate second production step for the completion of the shoe. The attachment of the outsole can pass immediately after completion of the shaft assembly in a single pass of the shoe manufacture, or with completion of the shaft assembly is first completed a self-contained manufacturing step, after which the shaft assembly thus obtained is brought to another manufacturing location at which the shaft assembly with the Outsole is provided. This manufacturing site may be located in the same factory where the stem assembly is made. The manufacturing site where the shaft assembly is provided with the outsole, but may also be located in a very different location than the manufacturing location for the shaft assembly, so that between the step of manufacturing the shaft assembly and the step of mounting the Outsole on the shaft assembly may take place interrupting the manufacturing process, during which the finished shaft assembly is brought to the manufacturing site for attaching the outsole to the shaft assembly. Since all but the outsole components of the shoe are housed in the shaft assembly by not only the shaft bottom functional layer but also the air permeable layer are attached to the shaft bottom or form part of the shaft bottom before the outsole is attached to the shaft assembly, for example, by molding or Sticking can happen, the one manufacturing, which is responsible for attaching the outsole to the shaft assembly, nothing more than to attach this outsole, for which quite normal conventional methods and tools are sufficient. The more difficult and delicate part of the shoe production, namely the handling and assembly of the functional layer and the air-permeable layer, is involved in the production of the shaft assembly, ie in a manufacturing phase, in which anyway more complicated and complex process steps are required than in a method step in which only an outsole is attached to the shaft assembly.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die Sohle zusätzlich mit mindestens einer sich durch ihre Dicke hindurch erstreckenden Sohlendurchgangsöffnung versehen. Diese Ausführungsform führt zu einem Schuh, in dessen Fußsohlenbereich ein Abführen von Schwitzfeuchte und Wärme sowohl in vertikaler Richtung über die mindestens eine Sohlendurchgangsöffnung als auch in horizontaler Richtung über die mindestens eine Luftdurchlassöffnung des Schaftobermaterials ermöglicht ist. Außerdem dient die mindestens eine Sohlendurchgangsöffnung als Hilfe zum verbesserten Ablauf von Wasser, welches in einen Bereich oberhalb der Laufsohle gelangt ist.In one embodiment of the invention, the sole is additionally provided with at least one sole passage opening extending through its thickness. This embodiment leads to a shoe in whose sole region a removal of sweat moisture and heat both in the vertical direction over the at least one sole passage opening and in the horizontal direction over the at least one air passage opening of the upper upper material is made possible. In addition, the at least one sole passage opening serves as an aid to improved drainage of water, which has reached an area above the outsole.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist zur Herstellung eines Sicherheitsschuhs in oder oberhalb der Laufsohle ein Durchtrittschutzelement beispielsweise in Form einer Nagelschutzplatte angeordnet. Damit wird verhindert, dass auf dem Boden liegende Gegenstände wie insbesondere Nägel, welche in die Laufsohle eingetreten werden können, durch diese und darüber liegende weitere Elemente des Sohlenaufbaus und des Schaftbodens hindurch in den Schuhinnenraum vordringen und den Fuß des Benutzers des Schuhs verletzen können. Derartige Gegenstände wie Nägel werden von dem Durchtrittschutzelement, bei dem es sich beispielsweise um eine Stahlplatte oder um eine Kunststoffplatte mit entsprechender Durchtrittfestigkeit handelt, abgefangen. Da bei einem solchen Sicherheitsschuh die Laufsohle durchsetzende Durchgangsöffnungen keinen Sinn machen, weil diese von der Nagelschutzplatte ohnehin abgedeckt werden, bleibt bei einem derartigen Schuh für eine Belüftung im Fußsohlenbereich und somit Verbesserung des Klimakomforts ausschließlich der horizontale seitliche Abtransport von Schwitzfeuchtigkeit.In one embodiment of the invention, a penetration protection element, for example in the form of a nail protection plate, is arranged in or above the outsole for producing a safety shoe. This prevents lying on the floor objects such as nails in particular, which can be entered into the outsole, through these and overlying other elements of the sole structure and the shaft bottom through into the shoe interior penetrate and injure the foot of the user of the shoe. Such objects as nails are intercepted by the penetration protection element, which is for example a steel plate or a plastic plate with corresponding penetration resistance. Since in such a safety shoe, the outsole passing through openings make no sense, because these are covered by the nail protection plate anyway, remains in such a shoe for ventilation in the plantar area and thus improve the climate comfort exclusively the horizontal lateral removal of sweat moisture.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die luftdurchlässige Lage als luftdurchlässiges Abstandsgebilde ausgebildet, das so gestaltet ist, dass die luftdurchlässige Lage auch bei Belastung durch den Fuß des Benutzers des Schuhs einen derartigen Abstand zwischen den unter und über ihre befindlichen Lagen aufrechterhält, dass die Luftdurchlässigkeit der luftdurchlässigen Lage erhalten bleibt.In one embodiment of the invention, the air-permeable layer is formed as an air-permeable spacer structure, which is designed so that the air-permeable layer, even under load by the foot of the user of the shoe maintains such a distance between the under and over their layers that the air permeability of the permeable layer is maintained.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist das luftdurchlässige Abstandsgebilde zumindest teilweise elastisch nachgiebig ausgebildet. Dadurch wird der Gehkomfort des Schuhs erhöht, weil mit dieser Art luftdurchlässigen Abstandsgebildes eine Trittdämpfung und ein leichterer Abrollvorgang beim Gehen erreicht wird.In one embodiment of the invention, the air-permeable spacer structure is at least partially elastically yielding. As a result, the walking comfort of the shoe is increased because with this type of air-permeable spacer structure a shock absorption and a lighter rolling when walking is achieved.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist das luftdurchlässige Abstandsgebilde derart ausgebildet dass es bei maximaler Belastung mit dem entsprechend der Schuhgröße des jeweiligen Schuhs maximal zu erwartenden Gewicht des Schuhbenutzers elastisch höchstens soweit nachgibt, dass auch bei einer derartigen maximalen Belastung noch ein erheblicher Teil der Luftleitfähigkeit des die luftdurchlässige Lage bildenden Abstandsgebildes erhalten bleibt. Mit dieser Maßgabe für das luftdurchlässige Abstandsgebilde wird sichergestellt, dass das luftdurchlässige Abstandsgebilde bei Belastung durch den Benutzer des Schuhs nicht gänzlich unter Verlust seiner Luftdurchlässigkeit zusammen gedrückt wird, sondern dass es die Abstandfunktion und damit die Luftdurchlässigkeit des Abstandsgebildes auch bei Belastung durch den Benutzer des Schuhs zu einem für die Belüftungsfunktion ausreichenden Maße beibehält.In one embodiment of the invention, the air-permeable spacer structure is designed such that at maximum load with the shoe size of the shoe according to the maximum expected weight of the shoe user elastically maximum extent yields so far that even with such a maximum load nor a significant portion of the air conductivity of the permeable layer forming spacer structure is maintained. With this proviso for the air-permeable spacer fabric ensures that the air-permeable spacer structure is not completely compressed under load by the user of the shoe with loss of its air permeability, but that it is the distance function and thus the air permeability of the spacer structure even under load by the user of the shoe to a sufficient for the ventilation function dimensions.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist das luftdurchlässige Abstandsgebilde ein eine erste Auflagefläche bildendes Flächengebilde und eine Mehrzahl sich von dem Flächengebilde senkrecht und/oder unter einem Winkel zwischen 0° und 90° weg erstreckende Abstandselemente auf. Dabei definieren die von dem Flächengebilde abliegenden Enden der Abstandselemente zusammen eine Fläche, mittels welcher eine von dem Flächengebilde abliegende zweite Auflagefläche gebildet werden kann.In one embodiment of the invention, the air-permeable spacer structure has a first support surface forming sheet and a plurality of perpendicularly and / or at an angle between 0 ° and 90 ° away from the sheet extending spacers. In this case, define the ends of the spacer elements remote from the fabric together a surface, by means of which a remote from the fabric second support surface can be formed.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind die Abstandselemente des Abstandsgebildes als Noppen ausgebildet, wobei deren freie Noppenenden zusammen genommen die genannte zweite Auflagefläche bilden.In one embodiment of the invention, the spacer elements of the spacer structure are formed as studs, wherein the free stud ends taken together form said second bearing surface.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist das Abstandsgebilde zwei parallel zueinander angeordnete Flächengebilde auf, wobei die beiden Flächengebilde mittels der Abstandelemente luftdurchlässig miteinander verbunden und auf Abstand gehalten sind. Dabei bildet jedes der Flächengebilde eine der beiden Auflageflächen des Abstandsgebildes.In one embodiment of the invention, the spacer structure on two mutually parallel sheets, wherein the two sheets are connected by means of the spacer elements air permeable to each other and kept at a distance. Each of the fabrics forms one of the two bearing surfaces of the spacer structure.
Es müssen nicht alle Abstandselemente gleiche Länge haben, um die beiden Auflagenflächen über die gesamte flächige Erstreckung des Abstandsgebildes äquidistant zu machen. Für spezielle Anwendungen kann es von Vorteil sein, das Abstandsgebilde in verschiedenen Zonen oder an verschiedenen Stellen entlang seiner flächigen Erstreckung unterschiedlich dick zu machen, beispielsweise um ein fußgerechtes Fußbett zu formen.Not all spacer elements must have the same length in order to make the two support surfaces equidistant over the entire areal extent of the spacer structure. For specific applications, it may be advantageous to make the spacer structure different in thickness in different zones or at different locations along its areal extent, for example to form a foot-friendly footbed.
Die Abstandselemente können separat ausgebildet seien, das heißt, dass sie zwischen den beiden Auflageflächen nicht miteinander verbunden sind. Es besteht aber auch die Möglichkeit, die Abstandselemente sich zwischen den beiden Auflageflächen berühren zu lassen oder mindestens einen Teil der dadurch gebildeten Berührungestellen aneinander zu fixieren, beispielsweise durch Klebstoff oder dadurch, dass die Abstandselemente aus einem miteinander verschweißbaren Material, wie beispielsweise einem durch Erwärmen klebefähig werdenden Material bestehen.The spacer elements may be formed separately, that is, they are not connected to each other between the two bearing surfaces. But it is also possible to let the spacer elements touch between the two bearing surfaces or to fix at least a portion of the contact points formed thereby to each other, for example by adhesive or in that the spacer elements of one another weldable material, such as a klebefähig by heating expectant material.
Die Abstandselemente können stab- oder fadenförmige Einzelelemente sein oder Abschnitte eines komplexeren Gebildes, beispielsweise eines Fach- oder Gitterwerks. Die Abstandselemente können auch zickzackförmig oder in Form eines Kreuzgitters miteinander verbunden sein.The spacer elements may be rod-shaped or thread-like individual elements or sections of a more complex structure, for example a truss or latticework. The spacer elements can also be connected to one another in a zigzag shape or in the form of a cross lattice.
Durch Auswahl des Materials der Abstandselemente und/oder durch Wahl des Neigungswinkels der Abstandselemente und/oder durch Wahl des Anteils der Berührungsstellen, an welchen benachbarte Abstandselemente aneinander fixiert werden und/oder der Form des verwendeten Fach- oder Gitterwerks lässt sich die Steifigkeit und damit Formbeständigkeit des Abstandsgebildes auch unter Belastung an die jeweiligen Anforderungen anpassen.By selecting the material of the spacer elements and / or by selecting the angle of inclination of the spacer elements and / or by selecting the proportion of the contact points to which adjacent spacer elements are fixed together and / or the shape of the tray or lattice used, the stiffness and thus dimensional stability Adjust the spacing structure under load to the respective requirements.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist das Abstandsgebilde wellen- oder sägezahnförmig aufgebaut. Dabei werden die beiden Auflageflächen durch die oberen und unteren Wellenberge beziehungsweise die oberen und unteren Sägezahnscheitel des Abstandsgebildes definiert.In one embodiment of the invention, the spacing structure is wave-shaped or sawtooth-shaped. The two bearing surfaces are defined by the upper and lower peaks or the upper and lower sawtooth apex of the spacer structure.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist das Abstandsgebilde mit einem verfestigten Gewirke aufgebaut, wobei die Verfestigung beispielsweise durch Verkleben, wofür ein Kunstharzklebstoff verwendet werden kann, oder durch thermische Einwirkung, indem das Abstandsgebilde mit thermoplastischen Material aufgebaut und dieses zur Verfestigung bis auf eine Erweichungstemperatur, bei welchem dieses Material miteinander verklebt, erwärmt wird.In one embodiment of the invention, the spacer structure is constructed with a consolidated knit, the bonding being accomplished, for example, by gluing, for which a synthetic resin adhesive may be used, or by thermal exposure by constructing the spacer with thermoplastic material and solidifying it to a softening temperature which this material glued together, is heated.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist das Abstandsgebilde mit einem Material aufgebaut, das aus der Materialgruppe Polyolefine, Polyamide oder Polyester ausgewählt ist.In one embodiment of the invention, the spacer structure is constructed with a material selected from the group of materials polyolefins, polyamides or polyesters.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist das Abstandsgebilde mit Fasern aufgebaut, von denen zumindest ein Teil als Abstandshalter senkrecht zwischen den Flächengebilden angeordnet ist.In one embodiment of the invention, the spacer structure is constructed with fibers, of which at least a part is arranged as a spacer perpendicularly between the fabrics.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind die Fasern mit einem flexiblen, verformbaren Material aufgebaut.In one embodiment of the invention, the fibers are constructed with a flexible, deformable material.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung bestehen die Fasern aus Polyolefinen, Polyester oder Polyamid.In one embodiment of the invention, the fibers are made of polyolefins, polyester or polyamide.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind die Flächengebilde mit offenporigen gewebten, gestrickten oder gewirkten textilen Materialien aufgebaut.In one embodiment of the invention, the fabrics are constructed with open-pored woven, knitted or knitted textile materials.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird das luftdurchlässige Abstandsgebilde durch zwei parallel zueinander angeordnete luftdurchlässige Flächengebilde gebildet, die mittels Mono- oder Multifilamenten luftdurchlässig miteinander verbunden und gleichzeitig beabstandet sind.In one embodiment of the invention, the air-permeable spacer structure is formed by two mutually parallel air-permeable sheets, which are interconnected by means of mono- or multifilaments permeable to air and at the same time spaced.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind die Flächengebilde mit einem Material, das aus der Materialgruppe der Polyolefine, Polyamide oder Polyester ausgewählt ist, aufgebaut.In one embodiment of the invention, the sheets are constructed with a material selected from the group of materials of polyolefins, polyamides or polyesters.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist zumindest ein Teil der Mono- oder Multifilamente des Abstandsgebildes als Abstandshalter ungefähr senkrecht zwischen den Flächengebilden angeordnet.In one embodiment of the invention, at least a portion of the monofilaments or multifilaments of the spacer structure are arranged as spacers approximately perpendicularly between the fabrics.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung bestehen die Mono- oder Multifilamente aus Polyolefinen und/oder Polyester und/oder Polyamiden.In one embodiment of the invention, the mono- or multifilaments consist of polyolefins and / or polyesters and / or polyamides.
Ein luftdurchlässiges Abstandsgebilde der genannten Art, ausgebildet für den Einsatz als luftdurchlässige Lage in einem Schaftboden einer Schaftan-ordnung eines Schuhs, stellt einen selbstständig erfinderischen Gegenstand dar.An air-permeable spacer structure of the type mentioned, designed for use as an air-permeable layer in a shaft bottom of a shaft arrangement of a shoe, represents a self-inventive subject matter.
Die luftdurchlässige Lage beziehungsweise das sie bildende luftdurchlässige Abstandsgebilde hat die Funktion einer Ventilationsschlicht, deren Ventilationswirkung auf einem sehr niedrigen Strömungswiderstand für Luft beruht. Der Luftaustausch bewirkt ein effizientes Abführen von Schwitzfeuchtigkeit in Form von Wasserdampf aus dem Schuhinnenraum zur Schuhaußenseite.The air-permeable layer or the air-permeable spacer structure forming it has the function of a ventilation sizing whose ventilation effect is based on a very low flow resistance for air. The air exchange causes an efficient removal of moisture in the form of water vapor from the shoe interior to the shoe outside.
Ein weiterer Vorteil der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt darin, dass infolge der Anordnung der erfindungsgemäßen luftdurchlässigen Lage im Schaftbodenbereich der Schaftanordnung herkömmliche Sohlen ohne zusätzliche Modifikationen verwendet werden können. Insbesondere bei Bergschuhen und Trekkingschuhen wird der Grenzbereich zwischen Sohle und Schaftanordnung von außen entlang des Schuhumfanges mit einem zusätzlichen Sohlenband aus Gummi abgedichtet. Dieses Band muss im Bereich der Luftdurchlassöffnungen ebenfalls durchlöchert sein. Schalensohlen können für erfindungsgemäße Ausführungsformen dann verwendet werden, wenn beispielsweise die Luftdurchlassöffnungen im Schaftmaterial oberhalb des Schalenrandes angeordnet sind oder wenn das zusätzliche Sohlenband an den Stellen, an welchen es über der mindestens einen Luftdurchlassöffnung des Schaftobermaterials zu liegen kommt, seinerseits mit einer beziehungsweise mehreren entsprechenden Luftdurchlassöffnungen versehen ist.Another advantage of the present invention is that due to the arrangement of the air-permeable layer according to the invention in the shaft bottom region of the shaft assembly conventional soles can be used without additional modifications. Especially in mountain shoes and trekking shoes, the border area between sole and shaft assembly is sealed from the outside along the shoe circumference with an additional rubber sole band. This band must also be perforated in the area of the air passage openings. Shell soles can be used for embodiments of the invention, for example, if the air passage openings in the shaft material are arranged above the shell edge or if the additional sole band at the locations where it lies above the at least one air passage opening of the upper shaft material, in turn with one or more corresponding air passage openings is provided.
Die mindestens eine Luftdurchlassöffnung kann eine beliebige Form haben. Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung hat die mindestens eine Luftdurchlassöffnung eine runde Form, ist beispielsweise kreisförmig oder elliptisch. Die Form der mindestens einen Luftdurchlassöffnung kann aber auch eckig sein, kann beispielsweise die Form eines Quadrats oder eines langgezogenen Rechtecks haben.The at least one air passage opening may have any shape. In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one air passage opening has a round shape, for example, is circular or elliptical. The shape of the at least one air passage opening may also be square, for example, may have the shape of a square or an elongated rectangle.
-
Horizontal, vertikal:
gilt jeweils bei Betrachtung des betroffenen Gegenstands, beispielsweise einer Sohle oder Schaftanordnung, in einer bestimmungsmäßigen Position, in welcher dieser Gegenstand auf einem ebenen Untergrund aufliegt.Horizontal Vertical:
applies in each case when looking at the subject matter, for example, a sole or shaft assembly, in a predetermined position in which this object rests on a flat surface. -
Innen, außen:
innen bedeutet, auf der zum Schuhinnenraum weisenden Seite; außen bedeutet, auf der zur Schuhaußenseite weisenden Seite.Inside Outside:
inside means on the side facing the shoe interior; means outside, on the side facing the shoe outside. -
Oben, unten:
oben bedeutet, auf der von der Lauffläche der Sohle des Schuhs wegweisenden Seite; unten bedeutet, auf der zur Lauffläche der Sohle des Schuhs weisenden Seite beziehungsweise zu dem Untergrund, auf welchem der Schuh steht, weisenden Seite, wieder unter der Annahme, dass dieser Untergrund eben ist.Up down:
above means on the side facing away from the tread of the sole of the shoe; below means, on the side facing the tread of the sole of the shoe or to the ground on which the shoe stands, again assuming that this surface is flat. -
Schuh:
Fußbekleidung mit einem geschlossenen Oberteil (Schaftanordnung), welches eine Fußeinschlüpföffnung aufweist, und mindestens einer Sohle oder einem Sohlenverbund.Shoe:
Footwear with a closed top (shaft assembly) having a Fußeinschlüpföffnung, and at least one sole or a composite sole. -
Schaftanordnung:
umschließt den Fuß bis zu einer Fußeinschlüpföffnung vollständig und weist neben dem Schaft auch einen Schaftboden auf. Die Schaftanordnung kann des Weiteren eine oder mehrere Auskleidungen besitzen, beispielsweise in Form eines Futters und/oder einer wasserdichten, wasserdampfdurchlässigen Funktionsschicht und/oder einer oder mehrerer Isolierlagen.Shaft assembly:
encloses the foot completely up to a Fußeinschlüpföffnung and has in addition to the shaft and a shaft bottom. The shank arrangement may furthermore have one or more linings, for example in the form of a lining and / or a watertight, water-vapor-permeable functional layer and / or one or more insulating layers. -
Schaftobermaterial:
ein Material, welches die Außenseite des Schaftes und somit der Schaftanordnung bildet und beispielsweise aus Leder, einem Textil, Kunststoff oder anderen bekannten Materialien und Kombinationen davon besteht oder damit aufgebaut ist. Im allgemeinen sind diese Materialien und Kombinationen wasserdampfdurchlässig. Der sohlenseitige untere Umfangsbereich des Schaftobermaterials beschreibt einen Bereich angrenzend an den oberen Rand der Sohle bzw. oberhalb einer Grenzebene zwischen Schaft und Sohle.Shaft Upper:
a material which forms the outside of the shaft and thus of the shaft assembly and which consists, for example, of or is constructed of leather, a textile, plastic or other known materials and combinations thereof. In general, these materials and combinations are permeable to water vapor. The sole-side lower circumferential region of the shaft upper describes a region adjacent to the upper edge of the sole or above a boundary plane between the shaft and the sole. -
Schaftboden:
ein sohlenseitiger unterer Bereich der Schaftanordnung, in welchem die Schaftanordnung ganz oder mindestens teilweise geschlossen ist. Der Schaftboden befindet sich zwischen Fußsohle und Laufsohle. Bei Schuhen mit gezwicktem oder gestrobeltem Schaft kann der Schaftboden unter Mitwirkung einer Montagesohle (Brandsohle) gebildet sein. Der Schaftboden kann außerdem mit einer Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht oder einem Schaftbodenfunktionsschichtlaminat versehen sein, wobei dieses Laminat auch die Funktion der Montagesohle übernehmen kann.Shaft bottom:
a sole side lower portion of the shaft assembly in which the shaft assembly is completely or at least partially closed. The shaft bottom is located between the sole of the foot and the outsole. For shoes with a twilled or striated shaft, the shaft bottom can be formed with the assistance of a mounting sole (insole). The shaft bottom can also be provided with a shaft bottom functional layer or a shaft bottom functional layer laminate, which laminate can also take over the function of the mounting sole. -
Montagesohle (Brandsohle):
eine Montagesohle ist Teil des Schaftbodens, an welcher ein sohlenseitiger unterer Schaftendbereich befestigt wird. Die Montagesohle ist wasserdampfdurchlässig, beispielsweise ist die Montagesohle aus einem wasserdampfdurchlässigen Material gebildet oder ist wasserdampfdurchlässig gestaltet mittels Öffnungen (Löcher, Perforationen), welche durch die Dicke der Montagesohle geformt sind. Die Montagesohle weist eine Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeitszahl Ret von unter 150m2xPaxW-1 auf. Die Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit wird nach dem Hohenstein-Hautmodell getestet. Diese Testmethode wird in der DIN EN 31092 (02/94) bzw. ISO 11092 (1993) beschrieben.Mounting sole (insole):
a mounting sole is part of the shaft bottom, to which a sole side lower shaft end region is attached. The mounting sole is permeable to water vapor, for example, the mounting sole is formed of a water vapor permeable material or is made permeable to water vapor by means of openings (holes, perforations), which are formed by the thickness of the mounting base. The mounting sole has a water vapor transmission rate Ret of less than 150m 2 xPaxW -1 . The water vapor permeability is tested according to the Hohenstein skin model. This test method is described in DIN EN 31092 (02/94) or ISO 11092 (1993). -
Sohle:
Ein Schuh hat mindestens eine Laufsohle, kann aber auch mehrere Arten von Sohlen haben, die übereinander angeordnet sind.Sole:
A shoe has at least one outsole, but may also have several types of soles arranged one above the other. -
Laufsohle:
Unter Laufsohle ist derjenige Teil des Sohlenbereichs zu verstehen, der den Boden/Untergrund berührt bzw. den hauptsächlichen Kontakt zum Boden/Untergrund herstellt. Die Laufsohle weist mindestens eine den Boden berührende Lauffläche auf.Sole:
Outsole means the part of the sole area which touches the ground / ground or establishes the main contact with the ground / ground. The outsole has at least one tread contacting the ground. -
Zwischensohle:
Im Fall, dass die Laufsohle nicht unmittelbar an der Schaftanordnung angebracht wird, kann eine Zwischensohle zwischen Laufsohle und Schaftanordnung eingefügt werden. Die Zwischensohle kann beispielsweise der Polsterung, Dämpfung oder als Füllmaterial dienen.Midsole:
In the event that the outsole is not attached directly to the shaft assembly, a midsole may be inserted between the outsole and the shaft assembly. The midsole can for example be the upholstery, cushioning or filling material. -
Bootie:
Als Bootie wird eine sockenartigen Innenauskleidung einer Schaftanordnung bezeichnet. Ein Bootie bildet eine sackartige Auskleidung der Schaftanordnung, welche das Innere des Schuhwerks im wesentlichen vollständig bedeckt.Bootie:
Bootie is a sock-like inner lining of a shaft assembly. A bootie forms a baggy lining of the shaft assembly which substantially completely covers the interior of the footwear. -
Funktionsschicht:
Wasserdampfdurchlässige und/oder wasserdichte Schicht, beispielsweise in Form einer Membran oder eines entsprechend behandelten oder ausgerüsteten Materials, z.B. eines Textils mit Plasmabehandlung. Die Funktionsschicht kann in Form einer Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht mindestens eine Lage eines Schaftbodens der Schaftanordnung bilden, kann aber auch zusätzlich als eine den Schaft zumindest teilweise auskleidende Schaftfunktionsschicht vorgesehen sein; bei Vorhandensein sowohl einer Schaftfunktionsschicht als auch einer Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht können diese Teile eines mehrlagigen, meist zwei-, drei oder vierlaggigen Laminats sein; werden anstelle eines Funktionsschicht-Bootie eine Schaftfunktionsschicht und eine separate Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht verwendet, werden diese beispielsweise im sohlenseitigen unteren Bereich der Schaftanordnung gegeneinander wasserdicht abgedichtet; Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht und Schaftfunktionsschicht können auch aus einem Material gebildet sein.
Geeignete Materialien für die wasserdichte, wasserdampfdurchlässige Funktionsschicht sind insbesondere Polyurethan, Polyolefine und Polyester, einschließlich Polyetherester und deren Laminate, wie sie in den DrucksschriftenUS-A-4,725,418 US-A-4,493,870 US-A-3,953,566 US-A-4,187,390 US-A-4,194,041
Water vapor permeable and / or waterproof layer, for example in the form of a membrane or a correspondingly treated or finished material, for example a textile with plasma treatment. The functional layer may form at least one layer of a shaft bottom of the shaft arrangement in the form of a shaft bottom functional layer, but may additionally be provided as a shaft functional layer at least partially lining the shaft; in the presence of both a shank functional layer and a shank bottom functional layer, these parts may be a multilayer, usually two-, three- or four-ply laminate; If, instead of a functional layer bootie, a shank functional layer and a separate shaft bottom functional layer are used, they are sealed against each other in a watertight manner, for example, in the sole-side lower region of the shank arrangement; Shank bottom functional layer and shank functional layer may also be formed of a material.
Suitable materials for the waterproof, water-vapor-permeable functional layer are in particular polyurethane, polyolefins and polyesters, including polyether esters and their laminates, as described in the printed publicationsUS-A-4,725,418 US-A-4,493,870 US-A-3,953,566 US-A-4,187,390 US-A-4,194,041 -
Laminat:
Laminat ist ein Verbund bestehend aus mehreren Lagen, die miteinander dauerhaft verbunden sind, im allgemeinen durch gegenseitiges Verkleben oder Verschweissen. Bei einem Funktionsschichtlaminat ist eine wasserdichte und/oder wasserdampfdurchlässige Funktionsschicht mit mindestens einer textilen Lage vorgesehen. Die mindestens eine textile Lage dient hauptsächlich dem Schutz der Funktionsschicht während deren Verarbeitung. Man spricht hier von einem 2-Lagen-Laminat. Ein 3-Lagen-Laminat besteht aus einer wasserdichten, wasserdampfdurchlässigen Funktionsschicht, die eingebettet ist in zwei textile Lagen. Die Verbindung zwischen der Funktionsschicht und der mindestens einen textilen Lage erfolgt beispielsweise mittels einer diskontinuierlichen Klebstoffschicht oder einer kontinuierlichen wasserdampfdurchlässigen Klebstoffschicht In einer Ausführungsform kann zwischen der Funktionsschicht und der einen oder den beiden Textillagen ein Klebstoff punktförmig aufgebracht sein. Das punktförmige bzw. diskontinuierliche Aufbringen des Klebstoffs erfolgt, weil eine vollflächige Schicht aus einem selbst nicht wasserdampfdurchlässigen Klebstoff die Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit der Funktionsschicht blockieren würde.laminate:
Laminate is a composite consisting of several layers which are permanently bonded together, generally by mutual bonding or welding. In a functional layer laminate, a waterproof and / or water vapor permeable functional layer is provided with at least one textile layer. The at least one textile layer serves primarily to protect the functional layer during its processing. This is called a 2-layer laminate. A 3-layer laminate consists of a waterproof, water vapor-permeable functional layer, which is embedded in two textile layers. The connection between the functional layer and the at least one textile layer takes place, for example, by means of a discontinuous adhesive layer or a continuous water-vapor-permeable adhesive layer. In one embodiment, an adhesive can be applied in a punctiform manner between the functional layer and the one or both textile layers. The punctiform or discontinuous application of the adhesive takes place because a full-surface layer of a self-water vapor-permeable adhesive would block the water vapor permeability of the functional layer. -
Wasserdicht:
Als "wasserdicht" wird eine Funktionsschicht/ein Funktionsschichtlaminat angesehen, gegebenenfalls einschließlich an der Funktionsschicht/dem Funktionsschichtlaminat vorgesehener Nähte, wenn sie/es einen Wassereintrittsdruck von mindestens 1x104 Pa gewährleistet. Vorzugsweise hält das Funktionsschichtmaterial einem Wassereintrittsdruck von über 1x105 Pa stand. Dabei ist der Wassereintrittsdruck nach einem Testverfahren zu messen, bei dem destilliertes Wasser bei 20±2°C auf eine Probe von 100 cm2 der Funktionsschicht mit ansteigendem Druck aufgebracht wird. Der Druckanstieg des Wassers beträgt 60±3 cm Wassersäule je Minute. Der Wassereintrittsdruck entspricht dann dem Druck, bei dem erstmals Wasser auf der anderen Seite der Probe erscheint. Details der Vorgehensweise sind in der ISO-Norm 0811 aus dem Jahre 1981 vorgegeben.
Ob ein Schuh wasserdicht ist, kann z.B. mit einer Zentrifugenanordnung der in derUS-A-5 329 807
As a "waterproof" is considered a functional layer / a functional layer laminate, optionally including provided on the functional layer / the functional layer laminate seams, if it / it ensures a water inlet pressure of at least 1x10 4 Pa. The functional layer material preferably withstands a water inlet pressure of more than 1x10 5 Pa. The water inlet pressure shall be measured by a test method in which distilled water is applied at 20 ± 2 ° C to a sample of 100 cm 2 of the functional layer with increasing pressure. The pressure increase of the water is 60 ± 3 cm water column per minute. The water inlet pressure then corresponds to the pressure at which water first appears on the other side of the sample. details The procedure is specified in ISO standard 0811 from 1981.
Whether a shoe is waterproof, for example, with a centrifuge assembly in theUS-A-5,329,807 -
Wasserdampfdurchlässig:
Als "wasserdampfdurchlässig" wird eine Funktionsschicht/ein Funktionsschichtlaminat dann angesehen, wenn sie/es eine Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeitszahl Ret von unter 150 m2xPaxW-1 aufweist. Die Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit wird nach dem Hohenstein-Hautmodell getestet. Diese Testmethode wird in der DIN EN 31092 (02/94) bzw. ISO 11092 (1993) beschrieben.Water vapor permeable:
As a "water vapor permeable" a functional layer / a functional layer laminate is considered if it has a water vapor transmission rate Ret of less than 150 m2xPaxW-1. The water vapor permeability is tested according to the Hohenstein skin model. This test method is described in DIN EN 31092 (02/94) or ISO 11092 (1993). -
Luftdurchlässige Lage:
Die luftdurchlässige Lage weist eine in mindestens horizontaler Richtung Luftdurchlass zulassende dreidimensionale Struktur auf. Diese Struktur weist einen sehr niedrigen Strömungswiderstand für Luft auf. Dabei erlaubt die luftdurchlässige Lage die Aufnahme und den Abtransport von Wärme und Wasserdampf aus dem Schuhinnenraum mittels Konvektion. Die luftdurchlässige Lage enthält ein Luftvolumen von wenigstens 50%, in einer Ausführung von mehr als 85%. Die Dicke der luftdurchlässigen Lage kann weniger als 12mm betragen, wobei die Dicke in einer Ausführungsform weniger als 8mm beträgt. Die luftdurchlässige Lage weist ein Flächengewicht von weniger als 2000g/m2, vorzugsweise von weniger als 800 g/m2 auf. Die luftdurchlässige Lage bedeckt wenigstens 50% und vorzugsweise wenigstens 70% der Fußaufstandsfläche des Schaftbodens. Weiterhin weist die luftdurchlässige Lage eine Struktur mit derartiger Steifigkeit auf, dass sie vom Fuß des Benutzers während des Laufens nicht oder nicht wesentlich komprimiert wird.Air permeable situation:
The air-permeable layer has a three-dimensional structure permitting air passage in at least the horizontal direction. This structure has a very low flow resistance for air. The air-permeable layer allows the absorption and removal of heat and water vapor from the shoe interior by means of convection. The air-permeable layer contains an air volume of at least 50%, in an embodiment of more than 85%. The thickness of the air permeable layer may be less than 12mm, the thickness being less than 8mm in one embodiment. The air-permeable layer has a basis weight of less than 2000 g / m 2 , preferably less than 800 g / m 2 . The air-permeable layer covers at least 50% and preferably at least 70% of the foot contact surface of the shaft bottom. Furthermore, the air-permeable layer has a structure with such rigidity that it is not or not substantially compressed by the foot of the user during running.
Als luftdurchlässige Lage eignet sich beispielsweise ein Abstandsgebilde, wie es an sich aus
Die luftdurchlässige Lage kann beispielsweise eine geformte Struktur aus Polymeren, ein 3D-Abstandsgebilde oder eine mit Polymerharzen verfestigte textileThe air-permeable layer can be, for example, a shaped structure made of polymers, a 3D spacer or a textile polymerized with polymer resins
Struktur sein. Die luftdurchlässige Lage kann auch durch ein Spritzgießverfahren hergestellt werden, sie kann in einer Ausführungsform eine kanal- oder röhrenförmigen Ausgestaltung haben oder aus Polymer- oder Metallschäumen geformt sein.Be structure. The air pervious layer may also be made by an injection molding process, in one embodiment it may have a channel or tubular configuration or be formed of polymer or metal foams.
Geformte Strukturen aus Polymeren basieren auf Polymer-Monofile, Gewebe, Vliese oder Gelege welche mittels Verformung und Fixierung der Materialien zu einer Rippen-, Noppen- oder Zickzackstruktur geformt werden. Die Struktur kann auch eine 3-dimensionales Gebilde sein, beispielsweise aus Polypropylen, in der Form eines z.B. wellenförmigen oder durch andere Form zu einer 3D-Struktur gebrachten Filamentgeleges. Die Verformung und Fixierung kann beispielsweise über eine beheizte Strukturwalze oder als Thermoformprozess ausgeführt sein. Die geformten Strukturen können zusätzlich mit einem Gewebe oder Vlies laminiert werden, um die Dimensionsstabilität zu verbessern. Ein mögliches Verfahren zur Herstellung solcher geformter Strukturen ist beispielsweise in der Patentanmeldung
Die luftdurchlässige Lage kann auch aus einem 3D-Abstandsgebilde geformt sein. Solche Abstandsgebilde bestehen in der Regel aus Polyester-Multi- oder Monofilen. Abstandsgebilde können Abstandsgewirke, Abstandsgestricke, Abstandsvliesstoffe oder Abstandsgewebe sein. Die Wirktechnologie erlaubt es, sowohl Ober- und Unterseite der Warenflächen als auch den Abstandsfaden (Polfaden) unabhängig voneinander zu variieren. So können die Oberflächen sowie die Härte einschließlich der Federkennlinie je nach Art der individuellen Anwendung eingestellt werden. Abstandsgebilde zeichnen sich durch eine sehr hohe Luftzirkulation in allen Richtungen, selbst unter Belastung, aus.
Ein Abstandsgebilde, beispielsweise in Form eines Abstandsgewirkes, kann auch hergestellt werden über die Imprägnierung von textilen Flächengebilden, die vor oder nach der Verformung zu einem 3-dimensionalen Gebilde mit Kunstharz getränkt werden und so die gewünschte Steifigkeit erhalten. Als Fasermaterial für das Abstandsgebilde können ebenfalls anorganische Fasern wie Glasfasern oder Carbonfasern gewählt werden.
The air-permeable layer can also be formed from a 3D spacer structure. Such spacers are usually made of polyester multi- or monofilaments. Spacers may be spacer, spacer, spacer, or spacer. The active technology makes it possible to vary both the top and bottom of the fabric surfaces as well as the spacer thread (pile thread) independently of each other. Thus, the surfaces and the hardness including the spring characteristic can be adjusted depending on the type of individual application. Spacers are characterized by a very high air circulation in all directions, even under load.
A spacer structure, for example in the form of a spacer knitted fabric, can also be produced by impregnating fabrics which are impregnated with synthetic resin before or after deformation into a 3-dimensional structure, thus obtaining the desired rigidity. As fiber material for the spacer structure also inorganic fibers such as glass fibers or carbon fibers can be selected.
Zusammenfassend soll die luftdurchlässige Lage einen Abstand zwischen Fuß und Laufsohle aufrechterhalten und eine Mehrzahl von Passagen bilden, welche einer Luftstömung möglichst wenig Widerstand entgegensetzen und damit zum Transport von Wasserdampf und Wärme beitragen ohne den Wasserdampf zu adsorbieren. Die luftdurchlässige Lage hat keine oder zumindestens im wesentlichen keine Kapillarwirkung. Die luftdurchlässige Lage wird an ihrer Bodenseite von der Montagesohle und/oder einer Fülllage und/oder der Laufsohle geschlossen und ist mindestens an ihrem Umfang in einer Luftdurchlässigkeit erlaubenden Weise offen. Vorzugsweise ist die luftdurchlässige Lage zusätzlich an ihrer oberen Oberfläche ebenfalls in einer Luftdurchlässigkeit erlaubenden Weise offen. Die obere zum Schaftinnenraum gerichtete Oberfläche der luftdurchlässigen Lage ist in einer Ausführungsform zu einer wasserdichten und gegebenenfalls auch wasserdampfdurchlässigem Funktionsschicht gerichtet.In summary, the air-permeable layer is to maintain a distance between the foot and the outsole and form a plurality of passages which oppose as little resistance as possible to an air flow and thus contribute to the transport of water vapor and heat without adsorbing the water vapor. The air permeable layer has no or at least substantially no capillary action. The breathable layer will be at her Bottom side of the mounting base and / or a filling layer and / or the outsole closed and is open at least on its periphery in an air permeability permitting manner. Preferably, the air permeable sheet is additionally open on its upper surface also in an air permeability permitting manner. The upper surface of the air-permeable layer facing the shaft interior is in one embodiment directed towards a watertight and possibly also water-vapor-permeable functional layer.
Die Bestimmung der Luftdurchlässigkeit von Abstandsgebilden erfolgt in Anlehnung an die DIN EN ISO 9237 "Bestimmung der Luftdurchlässigkeit von textilen Flächengebilden". Im Unterschied zu der DIN EN ISO 9237 werden die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit und der Differenzdruck nicht senkrecht zur Fläche sondern entlang der Fläche gemessen. Hierzu wird ein von geschlossenen Deckflächen begrenzter definierter Abstandskanal aufgebaut, in den von einer Seite ein Luftstrom eingespeist wird. Gemessen wird der Differenzdruck zwischen Ein- und Austritt aus dem Kanal sowie die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit am Luftaustritt. Bei Druckdifferenzen zwischen 0 und 100Pa wurden am Ende des zwischen 300mm und 1300mm langen Kanals Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten zwischen 0 und 1 m/s gemessen. Das bedeutet, dass ein Abstandsgebilde, welches bei einem Staudruck bis zu 100Pa und einer Strömungskanallänge von 300mm am Austritt keine messbare Strömung mehr erzeugt, für die vorliegende Erfindung nicht geeignet sein sollte.
- luftdurchlassöffnung:
Umfasst mindestens eine Öffnung im sohlenseitigen unteren Umfangsbereich des Schaftobermaterials. Vorzugsweise liegen mindestens zwei ungefähr gegenüberliegende Luftdurchlassöffnungen vor. Die Luftdurchlassöffnungen können beispielsweise mittels Ausstanzen, Auschneiden oder Perforation in das Schaftobermaterial eingebracht werden. Die Form der Luftdurchlassöffnung kann beliebig sein wie beispielsweise rund oder eckig. Die Luftdurchlassöffnung kann mit einem luftdurchlässigen flächigen Schutzmaterial, beispielsweise in Form eines Netzes oder Gitters, gegen das Eindringen von Fremdkörpern geschützt werden. Das Schutzmaterial kann hydrophob ausgerüstet sein. Die Gesamtfläche der mindestens einen Luftdurchlassöffnung beträgt mindestens 50 mm2 und vorzugsweise mindestens 100 mm2. In einer alternativen Ausführungsform kann die Luftdurchlassöffnung auch direkt durch ein luftdurchlässiges Material gebildet sein, das als Schaftobermaterial verwendet werden kann oder Bestandteil des Schaftobermaterial ist und inhärent die notwendige Luftdurchlässigkeit aufweisst, sodass keine zusätzlichen Öffnungen geschaffen werden müssen.
- air-outlet opening:
Includes at least one opening in the sole-side lower peripheral region of the upper upper material. Preferably, there are at least two approximately opposite air passage openings. The air passage openings can be introduced for example by means of punching, cutting or perforation in the upper shaft material. The shape of the air passage opening may be arbitrary such as round or square. The air passage opening can be protected against the ingress of foreign bodies with an air-permeable sheet-like protective material, for example in the form of a net or grid. The protective material may be hydrophobic. The total area of the at least one air passage opening is at least 50 mm 2 and preferably at least 100 mm 2 . In an alternative embodiment, the air passage opening can also be formed directly by an air-permeable material that can be used as a shaft upper or part of the upper shaft material and inherently has the necessary air permeability, so no additional openings must be created.
Die Erfindung wird nun anhand von Ausführungsformen zusätzlich erläutert. In den beiliegenden Zeichnungsfiguren zeigen:
-
Figur 1 eine perspektivische Schrägansicht eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Schuhs mit mehreren Luftdurchlassöffnungen im Schaftobermaterial; -
Figur 2 eine perspektivische Schrägansicht eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Schuhs mit mehreren Luftdurchlassöffnungen im Schaftobermaterial; -
Figur 3 eine perspektivische Schrägansicht eines dritten Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Schuhs mit mehreren teilweise verschließbaren Luftdurchlassöffnungen im Schaftobermaterial; -
Figur 4 eine perspektivische Schrägansicht eines vierten Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Schuhs mit einem um den Schaftumfang umlaufenden luftdurchlässigen gitterförmigen Bestandteil des Schaftobermaterials; -
Figur 5 eine schematische Ansicht eines Querschnitts durch einen Teil des Vorderfußbereichs eines Schuhs, der entsprechend einer der in denFiguren 1 bis 4 gezeigten Ausführungsformen ausgebildet ist, in einer ersten Ausführungsform seiner Schaftanordnung; -
Figur 6 eine schematische Ansicht eines Querschnitts durch einen Teil des Vorderfußbereichs eines Schuhs, der entsprechend einer der in denFiguren 1 bis 4 gezeigten Ausführungsformen ausgebildet ist, in einer zweiten Ausführungsform seiner Schaftanordnung; -
Figur 7 eine schematische Ansicht eines Querschnitts durch einen Teil des Vorderfußbereichs eines Schuhs, der entsprechend einer der in denFiguren 1 bis 4 gezeigten Ausführungsformen ausgebildet ist, in einer dritten Ausführungsform seiner Schaftanordnung; -
Figur 8 eine schematische Ansicht eines Querschnitts durch einen Teil des Vorderfußbereichs eines Schuhs, der entsprechend einer der in denFiguren 1 bis 4 gezeigten Ausführungsformen ausgebildet ist, in einer vierten Ausführungsform seiner Schaftanordnung; -
Figur 9 eine schematische Ansicht eines Querschnitts durch einen Teil des Vorderfußbereichs eines Schuhs, der entsprechend einer der in denFiguren 1 bis 4 gezeigten Ausführungsformen ausgebildet ist, in einer fünften Ausführungsform seiner Schaftanordnung; -
eine erste Ausführungsform einer für einen erfindungsgemäßen Schuh verwendbaren luftdurchlässigen Lage;Figur 10 -
Figur 11 eine zweite Ausführungsform einer für einen erfindungsgemäßen Schuh verwendbaren luftdurchlässigen Lage; -
eine dritte Ausführungsform einer für einen erfindungsgemäßen Schuh verwendbaren luftdurchlässigen Lage;Figur 12 -
Figur 13 eine vierte Ausführungsform einer für einen erfindungsgemäßen Schuh verwendbaren luftdurchlässigen Lage; -
eine fünfte Ausführungsform einer für einen erfindungsgemäßen Schuh verwendbaren luftdurchlässigen Lage;Figur 14
-
FIG. 1 a perspective oblique view of a first embodiment of an inventive design shoe with multiple air passage openings in the upper material; -
FIG. 2 a perspective oblique view of a second embodiment of an inventive design shoe with multiple air passage openings in the upper upper material; -
FIG. 3 a perspective oblique view of a third embodiment of an inventive design shoe with a plurality of partially closable air passage openings in the upper upper material; -
FIG. 4 a perspective oblique view of a fourth embodiment of a shoe according to the invention formed with an encircling around the shaft circumference air-permeable lattice-shaped component of the upper shaft material; -
FIG. 5 a schematic view of a cross section through part of the forefoot of a shoe, which corresponds to one of the in theFIGS. 1 to 4 shown embodiments, in a first embodiment of its shaft assembly; -
FIG. 6 a schematic view of a cross section through part of the forefoot of a shoe, which corresponds to one of the in theFIGS. 1 to 4 shown embodiments, in a second embodiment of its shaft assembly; -
FIG. 7 a schematic view of a cross section through part of the forefoot of a shoe, which corresponds to one of the in theFIGS. 1 to 4 shown embodiments, in a third embodiment of its shaft assembly; -
FIG. 8 a schematic view of a cross section through part of the forefoot of a shoe, which corresponds to one of the in theFIGS. 1 to 4 shown embodiments, in a fourth embodiment of its shaft assembly; -
FIG. 9 a schematic view of a cross section through part of the forefoot of a shoe, which corresponds to one of the in theFIGS. 1 to 4 shown embodiments, in a fifth embodiment of its shaft assembly; -
FIG. 10 a first embodiment of an air-permeable layer which can be used for a shoe according to the invention; -
FIG. 11 a second embodiment of an air-permeable sheet used for a shoe according to the invention; -
FIG. 12 a third embodiment of an air-permeable sheet used for a shoe according to the invention; -
FIG. 13 a fourth embodiment of an air-permeable layer which can be used for a shoe according to the invention; -
FIG. 14 a fifth embodiment of an air-permeable sheet used for a shoe according to the invention;
Allen Ausführungsformen in den
Die Ausführungsformen in den
Die
Alle Schaftanordnungen 12 der Ausführungsformen in den
All
Bei allen in den
Bei den Ausführungsformen der
Bei allen fünf Ausführungsformen ist mit dem unteren Bereich der Schaftanordnung 12 die Sohle 14 derart verbunden, dass sie mit der Unterseite des den Einschlag bildenden unteren Endbereichs 16a des Schaftobermaterials 16 und mit demjenigen Bereich der Unterseite des Schaftbodens, welcher nicht von diesem Einschlag bedeckt wird, in Verbindung steht. Eine insbesondere durch einen Zwickeinschlag 16a des Schaftobermaterials 16 hervorgerufene Unebenheit auf der Unterseite des Schaftbodens kann durch eine Fülllage 31 ausgeglichen werden. Die Sohle 14 kann mit wasserdichtem Material aufgebaut sein, bei dem es sich um Gummi oder einen gummiähnlichen elastischen Kunststoff, beispielsweise ein Elastomer handelt Die Sohle 14 kann aber auch aus wasserdampfdurchlässigem Material wie z.B. Leder bestehen. Bei der Sohle 14 kann es sich um eine vorgefertigte Sohle, welche an die Schaftanordnung 12 angeklebt wird, oder um eine an die Schaftanordnung 12 angespritzte Sohle handeln. Eine an der Unterseite der Sohle 14 befindliche Lauffläche dieser Sohle ist in üblicher Weise mit einem Nutenmuster versehen, um Profilvorsprünge zu bilden, welche die Rutschsicherheit des mit einer solchen Sohle 14 versehenen Schuhs 10 verbessern. Bei allem in den
In nicht dargestellter Weise kann insbesondere im Fall von Wander- oder Trekkingschuhen an dem unmittelbar über dem oberen Rand 14a der Sohle 14 befindlichen Bereich des Schaftobermaterials 16, also dort, wo sich die mindestens eine Durchlassöffnung 20 befindet, ein vorwiegend als Geröllschutz dienender Gummirand angebracht sein, beispielsweise durch Ankleben am Schaftobermeterial 16 und dem oberen Rand 14a der Sohle, der beispielsweise die gleiche Farbe wie die Sohle 14 hat. Um die Luftdurchlässigkeit der Luftdurchlassöffnungen 20 nicht zu blockieren, ist der Gummirand an den Durchlassöffnungen 20 entsprechenden Stellen seinerseits mit Luftdurchlassöffnungen versehen.In a manner not shown, especially in the case of hiking or trekking shoes on the directly above the
Bei allen Ausführungsformen der
Die
Bei der Ausführungsform gemäß
Bei der Ausführungsform gemäß
Die in
Die in
Allerdings ist bei der Ausführungsform gemäß
However, in the embodiment according to
Die in
In den
Die in den
Bei der in
Das in
Weitere Ausführungsformen und Aspekte der Erfindung sind in den folgenden nummerierten Absätzen beschrieben:
- 1. Schuh (10), aufweisend
- a) eine Schaftanordnung (12) und eine Sohle (14), wobei:
- b) die Schaftanordnung (12)
- b.1) ein Schaftobermaterial (16) und
- b.2) eine in einem Schaftboden (15) angeordnete luftdurchlässige Lage (40) aufweist;
- c) die luftdurchlässige Lage (40) in einem sohlenseitigen unteren Bereich der Schaftanordnung (12) oberhalb der Sohle (14) angeordnet ist;
- d) die luftdurchlässige Lage (40) eine in mindestens horizontaler Richtung Luftdurchlass zulassende dreidimensionale Struktur aufweist; und
- e) das Schaftobermaterial (16) in einem sohlenseitigen unteren Umfangsbereich wenigstens eine Luftdurchlassöffnung (20) aufweist, welche die luftdurchlässige Lage (40) derart mit der Außenumgebung in Verbindung bringt, dass Luft zwischen der Außenumgebung und der luftdurchlässigen Lage (40) ausgetauscht werden kann.
- 2. Schuh nach Absatz 1, welcher wenigstens in einem zur Sohle (14) weisenden unteren Bereich der Schaftanordnung (12) eine wasserdampfdurchlässige Funktionsschicht (34, 38) aufweist, wobei die luftdurchlässige Lage (40) unterhalb der Funktionsschicht (34, 38) angeordnet ist.
- 3. Schuh (10) nach Absatz 2, wobei die Funktionsschicht (34, 38) wasserdicht ist.
- 4. Schuh (10) nach mindestens einem der Absätze 2 bis 3, mit einer Schaftfunktionsschicht (37) und einer Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht (38).
- 5. Schuh (10) nach mindestens einem der Absätze 2 bis 4, mit einem sockenartigen Funktionsschichtbootie (39), bei welchem ein Schaftbereich mindestens teilweise durch die Schaftfunktionsschicht (37) und ein Schaftbodenbereich (15) durch die Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht (38) gebildet ist.
- 6. Schuh (10) nach mindestens einem der Absätze 2 bis 5, wobei die Funktionsschicht der Schaftfunktionsschicht (37) und/oder der Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht (38) Teil eines mindestens zweilagigen Laminats (24) ist.
- 7. Schuh (10) nach Absatz 6, wobei es sich bei dem Laminat (24) um ein Schaftbodenfunktionsschichtlaminat (28) und/oder ein Schaftfunktionsschichtlaminat (27) handelt.
- 8. Schuh (10) nach mindestens einem der Absätze 2 bis 7, wobei die Funktionsschicht (34, 38) eine wasserdampfdurchlässige Membran aufweist.
- 9. Schuh (10) nach mindestens einem der Absätze 2 bis 8, wobei die Funktionsschicht (34, 38) eine mit expandiertem mikroporösem Polytetrafluorethylen (ePTFE) aufgebaute Membran aufweist.
- 10. Schuh (10) nach mindestens einem der Absätze 2 bis 9, wobei sich die luftdurchlässige Lage (40) unterhalb der Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht (38) befindet.
- 11. Schuh (10)
nach Anspruch 10, wobei sich die luftdurchlässige Lage (40) unmittelbar unterhalb der Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht (38) befindet. - 12. Schuh (10) nach einem der Absätze 2 bis 11, wobei die luftdurchlässige Lage (40) in Richtung zur Funktionsschicht (34) mindestens wasserdampfdurchlässig ausgebildet ist.
- 13. Schuh (10) nach mindestens einem der Absätze 1
bis 12, wobei die wenigstens eine Luftdurchlassöffnung (20) in dem Schaftobermaterial (16) derart angeordnet ist, dass sie sich mindestens teilweise auf gleicher Höhe wie die luftdurchlässige Lage (40) befindet. - 14. Schuh (10) nach mindestens einem der Absätze 1 bis 13, wobei die wenigstens eine Luftdurchlassöffnung (20) eine Gesamtfläche von wenigstens 50mm2 aufweist.
- 15. Schuh (10) nach mindestens einem der Absätze 1
bis 14, wobei das Schaftobermaterial (16) mindestens zwei sich in Fußquerrichtung oder in Fußlängsrichtung mindestens ungefähr gegenüberliegende Luftdurchlassöffnungen (20) aufweist. - 16. Schuh (10) nach mindestens einem der Absätze 1
bis 15, wobei ein sohlenseitiger unterer Bereich (16a) des Schaftobermaterials (16) einen Zwickeinschlag bildet und die luftdurchlässige Lage (40) oberhalb des Zwickeinschlags des Schaftobermaterials (16) angeordnet ist. - 17. Schuh (10) nach mindestens einem der Absätze 1
bis 16, wobei unterhalb der luftdurchlässigen Lage (40) eine weitere Montagesohle (30a) angeordnet ist. - 18. Schuh (10) nach mindestens einem der Absätze 1 bis 17, wobei in oder über der Sohle (14) ein Durchtrittsschutzelement angeordnet ist.
- 19. Schuh (10) nach mindestens einem der Absätze 1
bis 18, bei welchem die luftdurchlässige Lage (40) als luftdurchlässiges Abstandsgebilde (60) ausgebildet ist. - 20. Schuh (10)
nach Absatz 18, dessen luftdurchlässiges Abstandsgebilde (60) ein Flächengebilde (62) und eine Mehrzahl sich von dem Flächengebilde (62) senkrecht und/oder unter einem Winkel zwischen 0° und 90° wegerstreckende Abstandselemente (65, 66) aufweist. - 21. Schuh (10)
nach Absatz 20, bei dessen Abstandsgebilde (60) die Abstandselemente (65) als Noppen ausgebildet sind. - 22. Schuh (10)
nach Absatz 20, wobei das luftdurchlässige Abstandsgebilde (60) mit zwei parallel zueinander angeordneten Flächengebilden (62, 64) aufgebaut ist und die beiden Flächengebilde (62, 64) mittels der Abstandselemente (66) luftdurchlässig miteinander verbunden und auf Abstand gehalten sind. - 23. Schuh (10) nach mindestens einem der Absästze 19
bis 22, dessen Abstandsgebilde (60) mit einem verfestigten Gewirke aufgebaut ist. - 24. Schuh (10) nach mindestens einem der Absätze 19 bis 23, dessen Abstandsgebilde (60) wellen- oder sägezahnförmig aufgebaut ist.
- 25. Schuh (10) nach mindestens einem der Absätze 1
bis 24, bei welchem die mindestens eine Luftdurchlassöffnung (20) eine beliebige Form hat, beispielsweise rund oder eckig ist. - 26. Schuh (10) nach mindestens einem der Absätze 1
bis 25, bei welchem die mindestens eine Luftdurchlassöffnung (20) mit einem luftdurchlässigen Schutzmaterial (22), beispielsweise in Form eines Netzes oder Gitters, bedeckt ist. - 27. Schuh (10) nach mindestens einem der Absätze 1
bis 26, bei welchem die mindestens eine Luftdurchlassöffnung (20) mittels einer Vorrichtung verschließbar ist. - 28. Luftdurchlässiges Abstandsgebilde (60), ausgebildet für den Einsatz als luftdurchlässige Lage (40) in einem Schaftboden einer Schaftanordnung (12) eines Schuhs, wobei das luftdurchlässige Abstandsgebilde (60) ein Flächengebilde (62) und eine Mehrzahl sich von dem Flächengebilde (62) senkrecht und/oder unter einem Winkel zwischen 0° und 90° weg erstreckende Abstandselemente (65, 66) aufweist.
- 29. Luftdurchlässiges Abstandsgebilde (60)
nach Absatz 28, dessen Abstandselemente als Noppen (65) ausgebildet sind. - 30. Luftdurchlässiges Abstandsgebilde (60)
nach Absatz 28, das mit zwei parallel zueinander angeordneten Flächengebilden (62, 64) aufgebaut ist, die mittels der Abstandselemente (66) luftdurchlässig miteinander verbunden und auf Abstand gehalten sind. - 31. Luftdurchlässiges Abstandsgebilde (60) nach mindestens einem der Absätze 28
bis 30, das mit einem verfestigten Gewirke aufgebaut ist. - 32. Luftdurchlässiges Abstandsgebilde (60) nach mindestens einem der Absätze 28
bis 31, das wellen- oder sägezahnförmig ausgebildet ist - 33. Luftdurchlässiges Abstandsgebilde (60) nach mindestens einem der Absätze 28
bis 32, wobei das Abstandsgebilde (60) wenigstens teilweise mit monofilen und/oder multifilen Fäden (66) aufgebaut ist und zumindest ein Teil der monofilen und/oder multifilen Fäden (66) als Abstandshalter senkrecht und/oder in einem Winkel zu den Flächengebilden (62, 64) zwischen diesen angeordnet ist.
- 1st shoe (10), comprising
- a) a shaft assembly (12) and a sole (14), wherein:
- b) the shaft arrangement (12)
- b.1) a shaft upper (16) and
- b.2) has an air-permeable layer (40) arranged in a shaft bottom (15);
- c) the air-permeable layer (40) in a sole-side lower portion of the shaft assembly (12) above the sole (14) is arranged;
- d) the air-permeable layer (40) has a three-dimensional structure permitting air passage in at least the horizontal direction; and
- e) the upper upper material (16) has at least one air passage opening (20) in a lower side region on the sole side, which connects the air permeable layer (40) to the outside environment such that air can be exchanged between the outer environment and the air permeable layer (40) ,
- 2. Shoe according to paragraph 1, which at least in a sole (14) facing lower portion of the shaft assembly (12) has a water vapor permeable functional layer (34, 38), wherein the air-permeable layer (40) below the functional layer (34, 38) is.
- 3. shoe (10) according to paragraph 2, wherein the functional layer (34, 38) is waterproof.
- 4. Shoe (10) according to at least one of paragraphs 2 to 3, with a shank functional layer (37) and a shaft bottom functional layer (38).
- The shoe (10) according to at least one of paragraphs 2 to 4, comprising a sock-like functional layer bootie (39) in which a shaft portion is formed at least partially by the shaft functional layer (37) and a shaft bottom portion (15) through the shaft bottom functional layer (38).
- 6. Shoe (10) according to at least one of paragraphs 2 to 5, wherein the functional layer of the shaft functional layer (37) and / or the shaft bottom functional layer (38) is part of an at least two-layer laminate (24).
- The shoe (10) of paragraph 6, wherein the laminate (24) is a shaft bottom functional layer laminate (28) and / or a shaft functional layer laminate (27).
- 8. shoe (10) according to at least one of paragraphs 2 to 7, wherein the functional layer (34, 38) has a water vapor permeable membrane.
- 9. Shoe (10) according to at least one of paragraphs 2 to 8, wherein the functional layer (34, 38) has a membrane constructed with expanded microporous polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE).
- 10. shoe (10) according to at least one of paragraphs 2 to 9, wherein the air-permeable layer (40) below the shaft bottom functional layer (38) is located.
- The shoe (10) of
claim 10, wherein the breathable layer (40) is located immediately below the shaft bottom functional layer (38). - 12 shoe (10) according to any one of paragraphs 2 to 11, wherein the air-permeable layer (40) in the direction of the functional layer (34) is at least permeable to water vapor.
- 13. Shoe (10) according to at least one of paragraphs 1 to 12, wherein the at least one air passage opening (20) in the upper upper material (16) is arranged such that it is at least partially at the same height as the air-permeable layer (40).
- 14. Shoe (10) according to at least one of paragraphs 1 to 13, wherein the at least one air passage opening (20) has a total area of at least 50 mm 2 .
- 15. shoe (10) according to at least one of paragraphs 1 to 14, wherein the upper upper material (16) at least two in the foot transverse direction or in Fußlängsrichtung at least approximately opposite air passage openings (20).
- 16. Shoe (10) according to at least one of paragraphs 1 to 15, wherein a sole side lower portion (16 a) of the upper upper material (16) forms a lasting impact and the air-permeable layer (40) above the lasting end of the upper material (16) is arranged.
- 17. Shoe (10) according to at least one of paragraphs 1 to 16, wherein below the air-permeable layer (40), a further mounting sole (30 a) is arranged.
- 18. shoe (10) according to at least one of paragraphs 1 to 17, wherein in or above the sole (14) a penetration protection element is arranged.
- 19. Shoe (10) according to at least one of paragraphs 1 to 18, wherein the air-permeable layer (40) is formed as an air-permeable spacer structure (60).
- 20. shoe (10) according to
paragraph 18, the air-permeable spacer structure (60) a sheet (62) and a plurality of the sheet (62) perpendicular and / or at an angle between 0 ° and 90 ° wegerstreckende spacer elements (65, 66 ) having. - 21. Shoe (10) according to
paragraph 20, in the spacing structure (60), the spacer elements (65) are formed as knobs. - 22. shoe (10) according to
paragraph 20, wherein the air-permeable spacer structure (60) is constructed with two mutually parallel sheets (62, 64) and the two sheets (62, 64) by means of the spacer elements (66) air-permeable connected to each other and on Distance are kept. - 23. Shoe (10) after at least one of the heels 19 to 22, whose distance structure (60) is constructed with a solidified knitted fabric.
- 24. Shoe (10) according to at least one of paragraphs 19 to 23, whose distance structure (60) is wave-shaped or sawtooth-shaped.
- 25. Shoe (10) according to at least one of paragraphs 1 to 24, wherein the at least one air passage opening (20) has any shape, for example, round or square.
- 26. Shoe (10) according to at least one of paragraphs 1 to 25, wherein the at least one air passage opening (20) is covered with an air-permeable protective material (22), for example in the form of a net or grid.
- 27. shoe (10) according to at least one of paragraphs 1 to 26, wherein the at least one air passage opening (20) is closable by means of a device.
- An air permeable spacer (60) adapted for use as an air permeable sheet (40) in a shaft bottom of a shaft assembly (12) of a shoe, said air permeable spacer (60) comprising a sheet (62) and a plurality of said sheet (62 ) has perpendicular and / or at an angle between 0 ° and 90 ° away extending spacer elements (65, 66).
- 29. Air-permeable spacer structure (60) according to
paragraph 28, the spacer elements are formed as knobs (65). - 30. Air-permeable spacer structure (60) according to
paragraph 28, which is constructed with two mutually parallel sheet formations (62, 64) which are connected by means of the spacer elements (66) permeable to air and kept at a distance. - 31. An air-permeable spacer structure (60) according to at least one of
paragraphs 28 to 30, which is constructed with a solidified knitted fabric. - 32. An air-permeable spacer structure (60) according to at least one of
paragraphs 28 to 31, which is wave-shaped or sawtooth-shaped - 33. An air-permeable spacer structure (60) according to at least one of
paragraphs 28 to 32, wherein the spacer structure (60) is constructed at least partially with monofilament and / or multifilament threads (66) and at least a portion of the monofilament and / or multifilament threads (66). as a spacer perpendicular and / or in an angle to the sheets (62, 64) is arranged between them.
Claims (15)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102008027856A DE102008027856A1 (en) | 2008-06-11 | 2008-06-11 | Shoe with ventilation in the lower shaft area and air-permeable spacer construction |
EP09761450.7A EP2328435B1 (en) | 2008-06-11 | 2009-06-08 | Shoe with ventilation in lower region of upper |
PCT/EP2009/004109 WO2009149887A1 (en) | 2008-06-11 | 2009-06-08 | Shoe comprising a ventilation in the bottom zone of the upper, and air-permeable spacing structure usable therefor |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09761450.7A Division EP2328435B1 (en) | 2008-06-11 | 2009-06-08 | Shoe with ventilation in lower region of upper |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3117727A1 true EP3117727A1 (en) | 2017-01-18 |
EP3117727B1 EP3117727B1 (en) | 2019-07-31 |
Family
ID=41066429
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16180543.7A Active EP3117727B1 (en) | 2008-06-11 | 2009-06-08 | Shoe with ventilation in the lower shaft area and air-permeable spacing structure usable for same |
EP09761449.9A Active EP2317885B1 (en) | 2008-06-11 | 2009-06-08 | Shoe with ventilation in lower region of upper |
EP09761450.7A Active EP2328435B1 (en) | 2008-06-11 | 2009-06-08 | Shoe with ventilation in lower region of upper |
Family Applications After (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09761449.9A Active EP2317885B1 (en) | 2008-06-11 | 2009-06-08 | Shoe with ventilation in lower region of upper |
EP09761450.7A Active EP2328435B1 (en) | 2008-06-11 | 2009-06-08 | Shoe with ventilation in lower region of upper |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (5) | US9192208B2 (en) |
EP (3) | EP3117727B1 (en) |
JP (2) | JP5180372B2 (en) |
KR (3) | KR101251120B1 (en) |
CN (5) | CN102112018B (en) |
CA (2) | CA2727142C (en) |
DE (1) | DE102008027856A1 (en) |
DK (3) | DK2328435T3 (en) |
HK (4) | HK1201702A1 (en) |
PL (2) | PL2328435T3 (en) |
RU (2) | RU2442512C1 (en) |
WO (2) | WO2009149886A1 (en) |
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