EP3097369A1

EP3097369A1 - Stand unit for stabilizing solar panels on a flat roof

Info

Publication number: EP3097369A1
Application number: EP15701096.8A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Christian Josef MOHR; Marko BALEN; Felix JANSSEN; Daniel THEOPHIL; John Ira HUDSON; Daniel Lee Hughes
Original assignee: Renusol GmbH
Current assignee: Renusol Europe GmbH
Priority date: 2014-01-24
Filing date: 2015-01-19
Publication date: 2016-11-30
Also published as: WO2015110254A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a stand unit (10) for stabilizing a solar panel (12) on a flat roof (14). The stand unit (10) has a positioning weight (16) for holding the stand unit (10) in position on the flat roof (14) and a support unit (18) for supporting the solar panel (12) on the stand unit (10), the positioning weight (16) is arranged on or secured to the stand unit (10). The positioning weight (16) is designed to ensure that the stand unit (10) is held in position on the flat roof (14) by means of a force fit, and the position weight (16) or a component of the stand unit (10) is designed such that the positioning weight (16) can be positioned on the stand unit (10) in a defined position, in particular in a formfitting manner. The invention further relates to a method for installing solar panels by means of at least one stand unit (10) and to a support module (60), which has such a stand unit (10), for installing a solar panel (12) on a flat roof (14).

Description

Base unit for stabilizing solar panels on a flat roof

The invention relates to a pedestal unit for stabilizing solar panels on a flat roof, a method for mounting solar panels by means of at least one pedestal unit, and a support module comprising such a pedestal unit for mounting a solar panel on a flat roof.

On pitched roofs, it is known to attach frames for solar panels with special fasteners to the roof structure itself. Examples of such attachments are described in the publications EP 2 495 507 A1 and EP 0 949 686 A1.

On flat roofs, however, it is disadvantageous, in particular for reasons of sealing, to connect solar panels via simple fastening elements with the roof structure. For this reason, for example, specially designed troughs are used as a base structure, which are filled for stabilization with weighting materials such as sand, gravel or concrete slabs, and then mounted on the solar panels. Examples thereof are described in the publications EP 2 525 1 63 A1, WO 2009/077030 Al, EP 2 184 560 A1 and EP 0 857 926 A1.

The shape and size of the tubs is given and can not be adapted to different configurations situations. In addition, a separate stabilizing material in the form of sand, gravel or concrete slabs must always be provided during assembly and arranged in the trays. Object of the present invention is therefore to propose an apparatus and a method, which solar panels can be mounted on flat roofs in a particularly simple or secure manner.

This object is achieved with a pedestal unit having the features of claim 1. A carrier module having at least one such base unit, as well as a method for mounting solar panels on a flat roof are the subject of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

A pedestal unit for stabilizing a solar panel on a flat roof has a positioning weight for holding the pedestal unit in position on the flat roof and a support unit for holding the solar panel on the pedestal unit, the positioning weight being arranged or fixed to the pedestal unit, the positioning weight being arranged, the holding of the pedestal unit in position on the flat roof at least substantially solely by traction, in particular solely by traction, and ensure, and wherein the positioning weight and / or a component of the pedestal unit is configured, in particular geometrically configured, that the positioning weight in a predefined position can be positioned on the base unit, in particular can be positioned in a form-fitting manner. Such devices according to the invention therefore allow secure positioning of solar panels without damaging the flat roof structure or the roof skin, for example in the form of bores or screwed connections. The positioning weight can be arranged in a predefined position. This also allows a stepwise assembly in which the positioning weight or a plurality of positioning weight can be handled individually or separately. As a hold by traction is to be understood as a holding solely due to gravitational forces, which cause sufficiently large frictional forces between a foot, for example, a base plate, the base unit and a substrate or flat roof. The frictional forces are preferably so great that a positive or cohesive mounting of the pedestal unit on the ground, in particular flat roof, not is required. This allows a particularly flexible arrangement of the pedestal unit or several pedestal units to each other, so a simple modular assembly.

In this case, positioning by positive engagement is preferably to be understood as meaning an arrangement in which the position of the positioning weight relative to the base unit is predetermined by mutually corresponding geometries of the positioning weight and a corresponding component of the base unit. The corresponding component of the pedestal unit is preferably a spacing device, in particular a round or angular lateral surface of the spacing device, on which the positioning weight can be centered. As a result, an at least largely symmetrical weight distribution can already be ensured by means of a single positioning weight, which provides advantages with regard to the stability of the overall system, e.g. also with regard to different wind directions. When mounting solar panels on flat roofs therefore no longer cumbersome, inflexible trays must now be used according to the invention, but individual Standfußeinheiten, of which several can be set up to hold a solar panel in a flexible arrangement on the flat roof. For example, such a pedestal unit can be arranged in each corner region of a solar panel. However, it is also possible to attach the side areas of the solar panel on the foot units, depending on the desired stability. It is also no longer necessary to provide a filling and stabilizing material, since on the foot units themselves positioning weights are formed, which hold the structure on the flat roof in position.

In this case, a predefined position is preferably to be understood as meaning a specific position in a horizontal direction, that is to say in a direction orthogonal to an elevation axis or vertical direction. The predefined position can be defined by two coordinates arranged in the horizontal plane. Optionally, the predefined position can also be defined by an additional vertical coordinate.

In this case, an arrangement "fastened" to the base unit is preferably to be understood as an arrangement in which the positioning weight is not limited to any component the stand unit is applied or placed on it, but in which also the relative arrangement is defined to each other so that predefined leverage can act and for a certain mass of the positioning weight a certain support force acts, in particular concentric with the pedestal unit. In a preferred embodiment, the positioning weight is inseparably coupled to the base unit, in particular such that at least one degree of freedom of movement of the positioning weight is limited. As an inseparable or non-detachable coupling is preferably a clutch to understand, which requires disassembly of the pedestal unit to separate the positioning weight of the pedestal unit. An inseparable coupling provides a connection of the positioning weight with the pedestal unit, which can not be released without tools or disassembly. The positioning weight may well be a separate part. As an inseparable coupling may also be referred to a displacement-limiting coupling. The inseparable coupling limits degrees of freedom of movement of the positioning weight. In particular, the positioning weight can only be displaced translationally along a support or spacing device in a vertical direction. Preferably, the positioning weight can only be mounted or removed in a vertical direction. As a result, a base unit with predefined stability properties can be provided, largely independently of sources of error, in particular independently of any assembly errors or else vandalism. An inseparable arrangement can, for example, also provide an anti-theft device.

Preferably, the positioning weight and the support unit are spaced apart by a spacing device. Thus, advantageously, a spacing of the solar panel from the flat roof can be realized, which is particularly advantageous if the solar panel is arranged inclined to the flat roof on the flat roof.

Preferably, the spacing device is tubular, so as to realize an advantageously stable, yet preferably slim form of the base unit. Further advantageously, the spacing device is arranged, for stability reasons, in particular centrally on the positioning weight and / or on the support unit.

In a preferred embodiment, the spacing device is set up to position the positioning weight in the predefined position, in particular to center it relative to the base unit, wherein the spacing device preferably has a geometry or contour corresponding to the positioning weight. Thereby, the spacing device can be used to provide the inseparable coupling and / or to limit a degree of freedom of movement of the positioning weight.

In a preferred embodiment, the pedestal unit has a base plate on which the positioning weight can be arranged, wherein the base plate is attached to the spacing device and is adapted to pass on a force exerted by the positioning weight or a corresponding moment of the positioning weight on the spacing device. In this way, a weight of the positioning weight can be effectively used, in particular with a vortei lhaften lever arm.

In a preferred embodiment, the positioning weight between the support unit and the base plate is arranged, wherein the support unit is arranged on the pedestal unit such that a displacement of the positioning weight in the vertical direction is limited by the support unit. In other words, the support unit can limit a displacement of the positioning weight in the vertical direction. As a result, a simple arrangement can be provided, by means of which it is avoided that the positioning weight is removed or lost. The positioning weight can not be removed from the pedestal unit without disassembling the support unit or the solar panel from the predetermined (especially horizontal) relative position. The pedestal unit and the positioning weight can be coupled together in a single way and fixed relative to one another, in particular with a positive fit. The positioning weight preferably has a weighting area made of suitable weighting material, for example a concrete area which can be brought into contact with the base plate and preferably delimits an end of the spacing device. In this case, no special tool is required, because the positioning weight can be positioned by the boundaries form fit to the spacing device. Concrete advantageously has a high weight per volume and is therefore particularly suitable for forming a standing range of the positioning weight. Alternatively, however, other materials can be used which have a high weight per volume, for example solid metal or stone blocks. In order to stabilize the spacing device particularly advantageously, it is preferred if the positioning weight surrounds the spacing device at its lower end.

Optionally, the positioning weight may also be used as a container, e.g. a tub or shell can be provided which can be filled with a ballast material. Preferably, the container has the same particular geometric properties of the positioning weight, which have already been described above or will be described below.

In a preferred embodiment, the positioning weight has a recess which provides a part of a positive coupling to a component of the base unit, in particular in the manner of a shaft-hub connection, and which is preferably arranged centrally. This allows easy installation, in particular a clear plugging. The positioning weight is stored in a predetermined (horizontal) position relative to the spacing device.

In a preferred embodiment, the recess is a passage through which the spacing device can be inserted. This allows you to set the (horizontal) position in all directions of the corresponding plane. The bushing may ensure that the positioning weight protrudes laterally in all directions radially from the spacer with a predetermined length. This allows the static stability characteristics of the pedestal unit to be precisely defined. The feedthrough is preferably arranged centrically such that the positioning weight concentrically surrounds the spacing device.

In a preferred embodiment, the recess corresponds geometrically with the spacing device such that the positioning weight, in particular the weighting area or concrete area, can be positioned in a form-fitting manner relative to the spacing device. This can ensure a particularly simple arrangement in which the positioning weight without tools only has to be coupled to the spacing device by being brought into contact with the spacing device, in particular by being placed on the spacing device.

In a preferred embodiment, the recess has an inner contour, which is formed according to an outer contour of the spacing device. This can ensure a positive connection with predefined relative position to each other, e.g. comparable to a shaft-hub connection.

In a preferred embodiment, the inner contour has at least one corner, by means of which an alignment of the positioning weight relative to the spacing device about a vertical axis of the spacing device can be predetermined. As a result, the positioning weight can be e.g. be made longer in a certain direction and be arranged in a simple manner (without sources of error) in the correct arrangement relative to the spacer, e.g. to ensure a particularly stable arrangement with respect to a prevailing wind direction, e.g. in view of the strong winds or storms prevailing in temperate latitudes predominantly from western directions. The contour may e.g. triangular or square, or have even more corners. Optionally, a single recess or any protruding part may be provided.

In a preferred embodiment, the support unit has a mounting area for attachment to another end of the spacing device and at least one holding area for holding a solar panel. About the mounting area, the support unit can be securely attached to the spacer, for example via a screw or bolt device. There is no special tool required. At least the position-defined arrangement of the solar panel on the holding area can be done easily and very quickly.

The holding area is advantageously arranged at a distance from the fastening area and further advantageously extends parallel to the positioning weight away from the spacing device.

Further advantageously, the holding area is arranged angled to the mounting area, for example by an angling in the range between 10 ° and 40 ° relative to the horizontal plane. Thereby, it is advantageously possible to allow an inclined arrangement of a solar panel on a flat roof. Particularly preferred is a two-sided bend of two holding areas realized in order to allow on both sides of each inclined in the opposite direction arrangement of solar panels. In other words, the support unit may be formed in three parts, wherein the support unit has two holding areas, which are arranged angled to the mounting area. This allows an angular arrangement of several, in particular two solar panels. In a preferred embodiment, the angle between the holding region and the support unit or the mounting region in the range of 5 ° to 45 °, preferably in the range of 10 ° to 30 °, more preferably in the range of 15 ° to 25 °. In a preferred embodiment, the holding region has at least one bending tongue, which is arranged such that it can engage behind a solar panel held in the holding region. The Aufbiegezunge can ensure easy (especially fast) installation, especially without special tools, and provide a simple way of fastening profiles of different sizes. In a preferred embodiment, the Aufbiegezunge is arranged on a support surface for supporting the solar panel. In this position, the Aufbiegezunge can secure the overall profile of the support unit by bending after positioning an overall profile of the support unit. In a preferred embodiment, the Aufbiegezunge is plastically bendable in a predetermined direction, in particular in a direction orthogonal to the support surface for supporting the solar panel. In this arrangement, the bending tongue can be bent with small forces and yet act with a high resistance to displacement of the overall profile.

In a preferred embodiment, the Aufbiegezunge on at least approximately rectangular cross-sectional profile and is manually accessible at least partially disposed on the holding area, in particular in the plane of the holding area. This allows the Aufbiegezunge be easily positioned manually. The Aufbiegezunge can also be provided in a simple manner to the support unit or the holding area, in particular by punching.

Preferably, at least one holding projection, for example 1, 2 or 3 holding projections, is arranged in the holding region for receiving a frame rail of a frame for a solar panel. Thus, a solar panel can advantageously be easily attached by a frame on the base unit.

Further advantageously, a stabilizing device for stabilizing the frame rail is provided in the holding area after receiving by the holding projection, so as to give the attached solar panel preferably additional stability.

In a further preferred embodiment, the support unit is set up for a floating three-point mounting of the solar panel. Preferably, the floating three-point bearing can be provided by three stops or tabs delimiting a degree of freedom of movement of the solar panel. In particular, the support unit may preferably have at least one spacer tab and a plurality of preferably orthogonally acting Aufbiegezungen. The floating bearing can ensure that changes in position, in particular due to temperature fluctuations, can be compensated and stresses can be avoided. Preferably, all three points are formed by stops, in particular surfaces or edges, which are formed integrally on the support unit, in particular in the form of individual sections of a bending stamped part. In a preferred embodiment, the holding portion has at least one hole or a pair of holes, in particular oblong holes or recesses, which / is arranged such that a solar panel by means of a holder or bracket respectively in the hole or in a pair of holes or slots in a predefined distance to a / the retaining projection can be supported. The respective hole can define the desired position of the holder. The (long) holes can be arranged as well as the Aufbiegezungen in pairs at predefined intervals to the retaining projection, be it alternatively to Aufbiegezungen, either in conjunction with Aufbiegezungen. The holder or bracket can perform the function of Aufbiegezungen without bending is required. In particular, the holder or bracket can be easily inserted from above into the respective hole or pair of slots. The holder / bracket provides not least a simplification of assembly. The holder / stirrup may also be translated to a second position should it prove that a force exerted by the holder / stirrup on the solar panel is too small or too large in a first position.

According to one embodiment, the holding region has a plurality of Aufbiegezungen and / or a plurality of holes or (long) hole pairs, which are arranged spaced from each other so that a solar panel can be supported directly or by means of a holder or bracket at different predefined distances to a / the retaining projection. As a result, the assembly can be simplified, and the holding area can be used for different frame geometries.

The holder can be provided, for example, in pen form. The bracket can be, for example, a bent from a pipe or rod material part with two free, in particular designed as a hook ends. The free ends or hooks can engage in the slots and secure the bracket each in one of the predefined positions. A bracket also provides the advantage that the storage or fixation of the solar panel can be done with a certain elasticity, in particular with a certain tolerance in terms of temperature fluctuations and material stresses. This can be on the rigidity of the bracket, for example, on the thickness of the tube or rod material used, the storage or security of the respective solar panel in a simple way to certain Adapt requirements. The material selection can also be made independently of the material selected for the holding area.

According to a variant, the (respective) holding region has, for example, three or four pairs of oblong holes which extend in an (x) direction transverse to an extension of a corresponding holding projection. The pairs of elongated holes are preferably arranged directly next to each other at a minimum distance from each other and have a thickness which is only greater than a diameter of the respective free end, that the free ends can be easily mounted. This allows a simple mounting of the bracket in conjunction with a positionally accurate support of the bracket or the solar panel in different predefined mounting positions and a relatively precise adjustment.

It is also advantageous if one or more recesses, for example in the form of elongated holes, are provided on the holding region and / or on the attachment region, through which a free water drainage can take place. Solar panels may have holes in the bottom of the frame, through which water can flow, which has collected in the frame or on the solar panels. The recesses on the holding region and / or on the attachment region can be arranged corresponding to these holes, so that dewatering of the solar panels can take place directly or quickly and unhindered. In an advantageous embodiment, a stabilizing web is provided on the holding area, which comprises at least one retaining projection. The stabilizing bar may be welded or screwed to the holding area. The stabilizing web can be provided, for example, as a separate part with at least one holding projection, which can be fastened by means of an undercut or a clamping mechanism to at least one holding area. As a result, the device can be flexibly adapted to specific requirements. In particular, the position of the retaining projection or a latching nose can be set in a flexible manner, for example as a function of a tilt angle of the holding region with respect to the fastening region. Also, that part which provides a mounting area and a holding area may be formed as a simple bending-punching part. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the support unit on two holding areas, which are arranged with respect to the mounting area opposite to each other. With such an arrangement, it is advantageously possible to attach in each case a solar panel on two sides of the pedestal unit. Preferably, the holding areas are arranged in particular at the same angle to the mounting area. Advantageously, the holding areas are either arranged both angled upwards or arranged both angled downwards.

A support module for mounting a solar panel on a flat roof has at least one pedestal unit as described above and a frame rail of a frame for a solar panel.

The frame rail is simply engaged with the support projection of the support unit of the pedestal unit, optionally additionally stabilized via the stabilizer, and then the solar panel is fixed in the frame rail. For this purpose, the frame rail advantageously has a first profile area for engagement with a holding projection of the base unit and a second profile area for fastening a solar panel.

Preferably, the first profile region and the second profile region are arranged adjacent to one another in the width direction of the frame rail. In particular, both Profi Ibereiche in each case form a U-profile, wherein a U-leg of the first profile area simultaneously forms a U-leg of the second profile area. Thus, both profile areas can advantageously be formed in one step, for example by extrusion.

Advantageously, the first profile region and the second profile region in the height direction of the frame rail are arranged offset to one another, ie the U-webs in the example of the U-profiles are not in line. As a result, the U-web of the first profile region advantageously stabilizes a U-limb of the second profile region. Bend tongues may be provided in the holding area to secure the frame rail of the solar panel in the latching position.

Preferably, the carrier module does not have a single pedestal unit, but a series of identically formed pedestal units, which are particularly advantageously arranged side by side in alignment. This series of pedestal units then preferably holds together a frame rail of a frame for a solar panel.

In an arrangement of a plurality of carrier module units as described above, a first pedestal unit for holding a first frame rail of a frame for a solar panel and a second pedestal unit for holding a second frame rail of a frame for a solar panel is formed. In this case, a spacing device of the first base unit for spacing the positioning weight and the support unit is longer than a spacer device of the second base unit. In each case, a holding region of the first and the second pedestal unit is arranged at an angle to each one attachment region of the first and the second pedestal unit. The holding area of the first stand unit is angled opposite to the holding area of the second stand unit. As a result, a frame and thus also a solar panel can advantageously be held inclined to the flat roof between the two stand units. The holding area with the longer spacing device is advantageously inclined downward and the holding area with the shorter spacing device is preferably inclined upwards.

In a method for manufacturing a pedestal unit for stabilizing a solar panel on a flat roof, the following steps are preferably carried out: a) provision of a positioning weight,

Providing a spacing device, c) providing a support unit, d) first arranging or fixing the positioning weight on the pedestal unit and positioning the positioning weight in a predefined position on the pedestal unit, in particular on the spacer device, and then attaching the pedestal unit to the spacer device. Preferably, a spacing device is provided with a base plate, so that the positioning weight can preferably be simply pushed onto the spacing device.

In addition, a support unit can be provided with a fastening region and an retaining region arranged at an angle thereto, the retaining region being stabilized via a stabilizing web. The stabilization can take place, for example, at the spacing device or at a second holding region of the support unit.

In a method of mounting solar panels on a flat roof, the following steps are performed:

A) providing several pedestal units as described above, B) forming a series of pedestal units,

C) attaching a frame rail of a frame for a solar panel to the series of foot units,

D) Attach solar panels to the frame rail.

Advantageously, pedestal units are provided with at least two spacers of different lengths and then each identical pedestal units - ie with equally long spacing device - lined up in a row in a row, wherein adjacent rows are formed alternately from pedestal units with longer spacing devices and stand units with shorter spacing devices. Embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Showing:

1 a base unit for stabilizing a solar panel on a flat roof and a frame rail of a frame for a solar panel,

2 shows a base plate of the pedestal unit from FIG. 1, FIG.

3 shows a first embodiment of a support unit of the pedestal unit from FIG. 1, FIG.

4 shows a second embodiment of a support unit of the pedestal unit from FIG. 1,

5, the base unit of FIG. 1, wherein the frame rail is inserted therein,

6, the base unit of FIG. 5, wherein the frame rail is additionally stabilized,

7 shows an arrangement of several pedestal units and frame rails,

8 shows the arrangement from FIG. 7 with solar panels inserted into the frame rails, FIG.

9 is a perspective side view of a pedestal unit, on which four frames are mounted for four individual solar modules,

1 0, the base unit shown in FIG. 9 in plan view,

Fig. 1 1 A, 1 1 B and 1 1 C another embodiment of a support unit of

Base unit of FIG. 1 in different assembly situations,

12 shows a bracket for securing a frame to the support unit shown in FIGS. 11A, 11B and 11C, and FIGS

Fig. 1 3 a stabilizing web according to an alternative embodiment for providing at least one retaining projection on the support unit. When not explicitly explained in connection with individual figures, reference is made to the other figures.

Fig. 1 shows a pedestal unit 10 for stabilizing solar panels 12 on a flat roof 14. The pedestal unit 10 has a positioning weight 16 for holding the pedestal unit 10 in position on the flat roof 14 and a support unit 18 for holding the solar panel 12 on the pedestal unit 10 , Positioning weight 16 and support unit 18 are spaced apart by a spacing device 20. Positioning weight 16, spacer 20 and support unit 1 8 together form a structural unit and are positioned locally to each other in predetermined positions, wherein the support unit 18 is fixedly secured to the spacer device 20. The positioning weight 16 may be merely disposed on the spacer 20, e.g. only be applied thereto or placed on any component of the spacer 20, or optionally also attached thereto, in particular e.g. screwed reversibly or materially connected according to a more specific variant, in particular adhered thereto.

On the support unit 18, a frame rail 22 of a frame 24 for the solar panel 12 are attached.

The positioning weight 16 has a concrete area 26, which is cuboid in the present embodiment. However, all conceivable forms for forming the concrete area 26 are possible, provided that they are suitable for stabilizing the base unit 10 and the solar panel 12 attached thereto. Also, other materials can be used instead of concrete.

In the present embodiment, the pedestal unit 10 has a base plate 28 shown in FIG. 2. The base plate 28 is a bent on two opposite sides 30 sheet metal plate 32 to which stabilizing rails 34 are welded. Central, the base plate 28 has a threaded hole 36 into which a threaded rod 38 can be screwed. The threaded rod 38 extends, as can be seen from a combination of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, from the base plate 28 to above the support unit 1 8 and thus connects the positioning weight 1 6, the spacer 20 and the support unit 18. For assembly Thus, in the present embodiment, the pedestal unit 10 first screws the threaded rod 38 into the threaded hole 36 of the base plate 28, then the spacer 20, which in the present embodiment is a hollow rectangular tube, is placed thereon, and then the concrete portion 26, which is a central recess 40, pushed onto the spacing device 20. Finally, the support unit 18 is attached to the upper end of the threaded rod 38.

Alternatively, however, the individual elements of the pedestal unit 10 may also be formed in one piece, for example if they are made of metals and are welded to one another.

Preferably, the spacing device 20 is arranged so that it is located centrally on the positioning weight 16 and the support unit 18. However, it can also be arranged eccentrically to the two elements.

The support unit 18 is shown in Figs. 3 and 4 shown.

It has a fastening region 42 with which it can be fastened to the spacing device 20. In the present embodiment, the attachment portion has tabs 44 that engage the tubular spacer 20 so as to stabilize the connection of the two members.

Next, the support unit 18 has two holding portions 46, on which solar panels 12 can be held. It is also possible to provide only one holding region 46 on the support unit 18. The holding regions 46 are angled to the mounting portion 42 and thus also arranged to the spacing device 20 and inclined in the embodiment of FIG. 3 down, while they incline in the embodiment of FIG. 4 upwards. The holding regions 46 each have two retaining projections 48, wherein alternatively only one retaining projection 48 can be provided. The holding projections are formed by latching noses 50, which extend from an edge 52 of the holding region 46 to the fastening region 42. The latching noses 50 each have a receiving slot with opposite, rectilinearly extending holding edges, in which a corresponding profile region can be held. In the latching lugs 50, the frame rail 22 can be engaged. The holding projections are adapted to store the respective solar panel, in particular a corresponding profile area, floating. The holding area is designed such that the solar panels can be positioned floating on the support unit 1 8. In other words, the system can compensate for expansion of the solar panels caused by temperature variations when used without additional rail connections. Temperature expansions, eg in the range of 0.7mm or 1 .1 mm on the short or the long side of a respective solar panel can be due to the floating storage. Thus, stresses, in particular constraining forces in the respective solar panel and shifts of an entire solar panel field (so-called hiking) can be largely prevented.

Furthermore, a stabilizing device 54 is provided, which stabilizes the frame rail 22 after latching into the latching noses 50. For this purpose, a plurality of Aufbiegezungen 56 are provided which can be bent after engagement of the frame rail 22 behind the frame rail 22 so as to hold them.

In order to stabilize the angled holding regions 46, a stabilizing web 58 is further welded to the holding regions 46, preferably by spot welding, which, as seen in FIG. 1, extends from one holding region 46 to the other holding region 46 via the spacer device 20. Base unit 10 and frame rail 22 together form a support module 60 with which a solar panel 12 can be mounted on a flat roof 14.

The frame rail 22 has a first profile portion 62, with which it can engage in the latching noses 50. The first profile region 62 is U-shaped. Next, the frame rail 22 has a second profile region 64, via which a solar panel 12 at the Frame rail 22 can be attached. The second profile region 64 is likewise U-shaped.

The profile regions 62, 64 are formed integrally with one another by an overall profile 66 and are arranged adjacent to one another in a width direction b. The overall profile 66 is in one piece in cross-section, ie consists of overlapping profile sections. In a height direction h, however, they are arranged offset from one another. In this case, a U-web 68 of the second profile region 64 forms part of a U-web 70 of the overall profile 66. A U-web 72 of the first profile region 62 supports the lower U-leg 74 of the second profile region 64.

In Fig. 1 base unit 10 and frame rail 22 are shown before the frame rail 22 engages in the latching noses 50.

5 shows the arrangement of the carrier module 60, in which the frame rail 22 is latched into the latching noses 50 of the base unit 10.

Fig. 6 shows, in particular at the magnification A, the upwardly bent Aufbiegezungen 56 to hold the frame rail 22 from the rear of the holding portion 46.

FIG. 7 shows an arrangement 76 in which a plurality of rows 78 of respectively identical pedestal units 10 are arranged on a flat roof 14. The pedestal units 10 of each row 78 are interconnected by support rails 80. Each two pedestal units 10 hold a long frame rail 22 of a frame 24 for a solar panel 12 in the area where the short frame rails 22 of the frame 24 extend perpendicular to the long frame rails 22.

The arrangement 76 has different pedestal units 10, which have spacing devices 20 of different lengths. The pedestal units 10 with the shorter spacing devices 20 have the support unit 1 8 with the upwardly angled holding portions 46, and the pedestal units 10 with the longer Spacing devices 20 have the support unit 1 8 with the downwardly angled holding portions 46.

There is always alternately arranged a row 78 with pedestal units 10 with longer spacing means 20 adjacent to a row 78 with pedestal units 10 with shorter spacers 20.

The short frame rails 22 of the frame 24 are thereby inclined to the flat roof 14 arranged, in a zig-zag pattern.

However, it is also conceivable to provide the two holding regions 46 on the supporting units 18 with different angles to the fastening region 42, so that then a constantly sloping arrangement of solar panels 12 on a flat roof 14 can be realized.

Fig. 8 shows the arrangement of Fig. 7, wherein in the frame 24, the solar panels 12 are inserted.

Fig. 9 shows the arrangement of four frames 24 relative to each other. All four frames 24 rest on the support unit 18. Each individual frame 24 is held by one of the four latching noses 50 or by one of the four retaining projections 48. The respective Aufbiegezunge 56 is not bent upwards. The frames 24 have in the direction of extension of the frame rail designated by reference numeral 22 a minimum distance from each other, which can be ensured by two (only visible in FIG. 10) spacer brackets 45. The spacer tabs 45 can be provided by the support unit 1 8 in the form of a bent-up spacer tab 45, so for example, be integrally formed as a portion of a bending stamped part. The spacer straps 45 are dimensioned such that a degree of freedom of movement results in the plane of the spacer straps 45 or in the extension direction of the frame rail designated by reference numeral 22. The clamping or holding means of the retaining projections 48 allows in connection with the spacer plates 45 a floating bearing. In other words, the storage is not statically determined, but each frame 24 can move relative to the support unit 1 8 within certain limits. In Fig. 10, the spacer plates 45 are shown in detail. The frames 24 are arranged at a distance from the spacer straps 45. For final assembly, the Aufbiegezungen 56 are bent upwards. In this way, a displacement in the y-direction according to the indicated coordinate system (beyond a certain extent) can be prevented, although the Aufbiegezungen 56 in the y-direction are slightly (elastically) deformable, in particular to be able to compensate for stresses caused by temperature fluctuations. The Aufbiegezungen 56 provide a kind of positional backup, which should not absorb static forces, but to limit a shift. The Aufbiegezungen 56 can and should certainly be arranged at a small distance from the respective professional labschnitt of the respective frame 24, so that even in the y-direction a floating storage is ensured. A distance corresponding to, for example, the maximum width of one of the Aufbiegezungen 56 provides for a sufficiently large degree of freedom of movement.

Also in the x-direction, the floating storage can be ensured. The spacer straps 45 merely ensure that the frames 24 maintain a certain minimum distance from one another, in particular a minimum distance corresponding to the longitudinal extension (here: in the x-direction) of the spacer straps 45. Thus, a floating three-point support of a respective frame 24 can be provided by means of the support unit 118 be, with the respective frame 24 between these three points (namely the respective Distanzlasche 45, the respective Aufbiegezunge 56 and the respective retaining projection 48) in a plane, in particular in each case in two spatial directions, floating on the support unit 18 is mounted. The floating storage makes it possible to realize large fields or a large arrangement with a plurality of solar modules, wherein voltages due to changes in length of individual frames or solar modules of the arrangement are each individually on the individual frame or solar module are degradable.

In a modification to the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, FIGS. 11A, 11B, TIC show a support unit 180 with a holding region 46 or two holding regions, on each of which a plurality of pairs of oblong holes 47, 47a, 47b, 47c, 47d, 47e are provided. In the attachment area 42 and in the holding area 46 are drainage slots 43a, 43b provided. On one of the retaining regions 46, a recess or a fastening section 46.1 is further formed, to which a stabilizing web can be fastened.

FIG. 11B shows the support unit 180 with a stabilizing web 1 58 mounted thereon and a bracket 90 preassembled in a pair of oblong holes. The stabilizing web 1 58 has a holding projection 148 or a latching nose 150 and is provided by means of a recess, clamping device or clamping device Tab 1 58.1 fixed to the corresponding mounting portion 46.1 of the holding portion 46.

It can be seen from FIG. 11C that the stabilizing web 158 and the bracket 90 together can support a frame 24 or the frame rail 22 on the support unit 180. The holding portion 46 of the support unit 180 provides (at least on the already mounted side) only one support surface for the frame 24. The retaining projection 148 is the separate stabilizing web 1 58, and the support bearing for securing the frame 24 is provided by the separate bracket 90. In this embodiment, the same support unit 180 can be used for a variety of different applications or frame types. Only the position of the bracket 90 or the configuration of the stabilizing web 1 58 must then be adjusted in each case.

In the figure 12, the bracket 90 is shown in detail. The bracket 90 has two free ends or hooks 91 a, 91 b, which can be brought into engagement with the oblong holes. Adjacent to the ends 91 a, 91 b is formed in each case a contact portion or a bearing plane 92, and between the abutment portions 92, a support portion 93 is formed, in particular in the form of a rectilinear portion which comes to rest on the holding area and geometrically corresponding to the section the holding area between the respective slots can be formed. The bracket is made of solid material, in particular as a bent part.

In FIG. 13, the stabilizing web 158 is shown in detail. The stabilizing web 158 has through holes 158.2, by means of which the stabilizing web 1 58 on the holding portion 46 of the support unit 180 can be attached. On one side below the retaining projection 148 and the latching lug 1 50, the stabilizing web 158 has a tab 158.1 or a stabilizing means, with which the holding projection 148 can be supported in a particularly stable manner relative to the holding region 46 of the support unit 180.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 0 Stand unit

12 solar panel

14 flat roof

1 6 Pos i tio n i n d i o n ts

1 8, 1 80 bearing unit

20 Spacing setup

22 frame rail

24 frames

26 concrete area

28 base plate

30 page

32 sheet metal plate

34 Stabilizing rail

36 threaded hole

38 threaded rod

40 recess

42 mounting area

44 tab

43 a, 43b Drainage Ausi

45 spacer strap

46 holding area

46.1 recess or fixing section

47, 47a, 47b, 47c, 47d, 47e respective pair of holes, slots or recesses 48, 148 retaining projection

50, 1 50 snap-in nose

52 edge

54 stabilization device

56 bending tongue

58, 1 58 Stabilizing bar

1 58.1 Undercut, clamping device or locking means

1 58.2 Through hole 60 carrier module

62 first profile area

64 second profile area

66 overall profile

68 U-bar (second profile area)

70 U-bridge (overall profile)

72 U-bar (first profile area)

74 U-thighs

76 arrangement

78 series

80 holding rail

90 holder or bracket

91 a first free end or hook

91 b second free end or hook

92 plant section or investment level

93 support section

b width direction

h height direction

Claims

claims

A pedestal unit (10) for stabilizing a solar panel (12) on a flat roof (14), the pedestal unit (10) having a positioning weight (16) for holding the pedestal unit (10) in position on the flat roof (14) and a support unit (18 ) for holding the solar panel (12) on the pedestal unit (10), wherein the positioning weight (1 6) is arranged or fastened to the pedestal unit (10), the positioning weight (16) being arranged to hold the pedestal unit (10). in position on the flat roof (14) by frictional connection, and wherein the positioning weight (1 6) or a component of the pedestal unit (10) is configured such that the positioning weight (16) can be positioned in a predefined position on the pedestal unit (10) , in particular form-fitting positionable.

Base unit (10) according to claim 1,

characterized in that the positioning weight (1 6) is inseparably coupled to the pedestal unit (10), in particular such that at least one degree of freedom of movement of the positioning weight (1 6) is limited.

Base unit (10) according to claim 1 or 2,

characterized in that the positioning weight (1 6) and the support unit (18) by a spacing device (20), in particular a tubular spacing device (20) are spaced from each other, wherein the spacing device (20) in particular centrally on the positioning weight (16) and / or on the support unit (18) is arranged.

Base unit (10) according to claim 3,

characterized in that the spacing device (20) is arranged to position the positioning weight (16) in the predefined position, in particular to center relative to the pedestal unit (10), the spacing device (20) preferably corresponding to the positioning weight (16) Having geometry or contour. Base unit (10) according to claim 3 or 4,

characterized in that the pedestal unit (10) has a base plate (28) on which the positioning weight (1 6) can be arranged, the base plate (28) being fixed to the spacing means (20) and being arranged to receive a positional weight (1 6) transmitted force or a corresponding moment from the positioning weight (1 6) on the spacing device (20).

Base unit (10) according to claim 5,

characterized in that the positioning weight (1 6) between the support unit (18) and the base plate (28) is arranged, wherein the support unit (18) on the base unit (10) is arranged such that a displacement of the positioning weight (16) in vertical direction is limited by the support unit (18), wherein the positioning weight (16) preferably a weighting area, in particular concrete area (26), which can be brought to the base plate (28) for conditioning and preferably a lower end of the spacing device (20) bounded ,

Base unit (10) according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that the positioning weight (1 6) has a recess (40) which provides a part of a positive coupling to a component of the pedestal unit (10), in particular in the manner of a shaft-hub connection, and which is preferably arranged centrally wherein the recess (40) is preferably a passage through which the spacing device (20) can be inserted.

Base unit (10) according to one of claims 1 to 7,

characterized in that the support unit (18) has an attachment portion (42) for attachment to one end of a spacer (20) and at least one support portion (46) for holding a solar panel (12), the retention portion (46) being the attachment portion (42) is arranged angled. Base unit (10) according to claim 8,

characterized in that the holding region (46) has at least one Aufbiegezunge (56) which is arranged such that it can engage behind in the holding region (46) held solar panel (12), wherein the Aufbiegezunge (56) preferably on a support surface for support the solar panel (12) is arranged, and wherein in the holding region (46) preferably at least one holding projection (48) for receiving a frame rail (22) of a frame (24) for a solar panel (12) is arranged, wherein in the holding area (46) in particular a stabilization device (54) is provided for stabilizing the frame rail (22) after being received by the retaining projection (48).

Base unit (10) according to one of claims 1 to 9,

characterized in that the support unit (18) for a floating three-point bearing of the solar panel (12) is arranged, wherein the support unit (18) preferably at least one spacer tab (45) and a plurality of preferably orthogonal acting Aufbiegezungen (56).

Base unit (10) according to claim 8, 9 or 10, when dependent on claim 8 or 9,

characterized in that the holding portion (46) comprises at least one hole or a pair of holes or elongated holes arranged such that a solar panel (12) is held in the hole or in a pair of holes by means of a holder or a bracket or oblong holes or recesses can be supported at a predefined distance to a holding projection (48, 148).

Base unit (10) according to claim 8 or 1 1, characterized in that the holding portion (46) has a plurality of Aufbiegezungen (56) and / or a plurality of holes or (long) hole pairs, which are spaced from each other such that a solar panel (12) directly or by means of a holder or bracket at different predefined distances to a / the holding projection (48, 148) is supported.

1 3. Carrier module (60) for mounting a solar panel (12) on a flat roof (14), comprising at least one base unit (10) according to one of claims 1 to 12 and a frame rail (22) of a frame (24) for a solar panel ( 12)

characterized in that the frame rail (22) comprises a first profile area (62) for engagement with a retaining projection (48) of the pedestal unit (10) and a second profile area (64) for fixing a solar panel (12), the first profile area (62 ) and the second profile region (64) are preferably arranged adjacent to one another in the width direction (b) of the frame rail (22), wherein the first profile region (62) and the second profile region (64) preferably offset in the height direction (h) of the frame rail (22) are arranged to each other.

14. A method for mounting solar panels on a flat roof by means of at least one pedestal unit, in particular using a pedestal unit (10) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps of a) providing a positioning weight (1 6),

b) providing a spacing device (20),

c) providing a support unit (18),

d) first arranging or fixing the positioning weight (1 6) on the pedestal unit (10) and positioning the positioning weight (16) in a predefined position on the pedestal unit (10), in particular on the spacing device (20), and then attaching the Auflageein unit (18) on the spacer (20), and preferably e) attaching a frame rail of a frame for a solar panel to a support portion (46) of the support unit by holding the frame rail on at least one retaining projection (48) and locking it there by at least one bending tongue (56 ) or by means of a holder or bracket (90) in one of a plurality of holes or recesses (47) in the holding region (46) is supported.

15. The method according to claim 14,

characterized in that a certain one of a plurality of Aufbiegezungen (56) is bent or the holder or bracket (90) in a certain of a plurality of holes (47) in the holding portion (46) is attached.