EP3095510A2 - Stirrer and container with a stirrer - Google Patents

Abstract

An agitator (1) for mixing and moving in a container (3) located substrates (30) in the form of liquids or liquid-solid mixtures, with at least one or more stirring blades (25) having arranged in the container (3) rotor (2) mounted in at least one rotor bearing (22.1, 22.2), which is rotatable about an axis of rotation (20), and with a drive (28) driving the rotor (2), wherein the / each rotor (2) of the agitator (1) in which the container (3) to be mixed and to be moved to substrates occupies only a fraction of the volume of the container (3) and wherein by means of the agitator (1) a substrate flow also outside the range of movement of the rotor (2) or the rotors (2) in the container (3) is effected. The agitator (1) is characterized in that the rotor (2), viewed along its axis of rotation (20), is designed with at least two rotor regions (2 ', 2 ") of different conveying action on the substrate (30), wherein a first rotor region (2 ') is designed with a predominantly axial conveying action in the direction of the axis of rotation (20) and a second rotor portion (2 ") with a stronger radial conveying action transversely to the direction of the axis of rotation (20). In addition, a container (3) with such a stirrer (1) is disclosed.

Description

The invention relates to an agitator for mixing and moving substrates in a container in the form of liquids or liquid-solid mixtures, with at least one or more stirring blades having arranged in the container, mounted in at least one rotor bearing rotor, the order a rotation axis is rotatable, and with a drive driving the rotor, wherein the / each rotor of the agitator in which the container to be mixed and moving substrates occupies only a fraction of the volume of the container and wherein by means of the agitator, a substrate flow outside the range of motion of the rotor or the rotors in the container is effected. Moreover, the invention relates to a container with a stirrer.

An agitator of the type indicated above is made DE 20 2006 004 982 U1 known. The agitator comprises at least one drive, a wall-side stirrer shaft bearing fixed to the wall of the container, an agitator shaft bearing supporting at the bottom of the container via at least one support, and at least one rotor having a stirrer shaft with at least one agitating blade attached to the stirrer shaft. In this case, the stirring shaft extends parallel to the bottom of the container from the wall of the container in the direction of the main axis of the container. Preferably, a plurality of stirring blades are attached to the stirring shaft, wherein the stirring blades are further preferably offset along the Rührwellenachse offset from each other radially outwardly pointing attached to the agitator shaft. The stirring blades preferably each comprise two side parts and at least one bridge profile, wherein the two side parts are interconnected by the bridge profile. The radial length of the stirring blades is substantially greater than the axial width of the stirring blades.

The document DE 102 60 972 B4 shows a further agitator of the type mentioned for circulating liquid manure and / or wastewater in a storage container, in particular an agitator for stimulating a liquid manure circulation in a slurry tank in biogas plants. The agitator has a shaft extending along a rotation axis, which is rotatably mounted on bearing devices on parts of the container and driven by a drive device. Furthermore, the agitator has stirring elements which extend transversely to the axis of rotation and which are arranged on the shaft in a plurality of mutually parallel planes along the longitudinal extension of the shaft, transversely to its axis of rotation, and which lie opposite one another within the plane. The equipped with stirring elements shaft extends radially into the reservoir and the stirring elements are formed as blades in the form of paddles which are rotatable and adjustable about their own longitudinal axis and are arranged on the shaft, that the stirring elements of a plane in each case at an angle are fixed, which differs from the mounting angle of the stirring elements of the other level. With such inclined paddles only a predominantly axial, parallel to the shaft flow can be generated, depending on the rotational position of the paddle and direction of rotation of the shaft in one or the other direction.

Another agitator is out EP 2 656 909 B1 known. The agitator here comprises a rotor having a shaft which is rotatable about an axis of rotation and at least two stirring paddles which are spaced apart from one another in the axial direction and in the circumferential direction of the shaft. The stirring paddles are each connected to the shaft at their radially inner end, so that the stirring paddles move in the circumferential direction during operation. Further, the agitator includes a connector extending between the stirring paddles, the connector being spaced radially inwardly from the outer end of the stirring paddle. The connector connects the stirring paddles along a helix.

A disadvantage is considered in the known agitators that their efficiency, i. E. the achieved mixing and movement of the substrates in the container in relation to the drive power used in the agitator, is low, whereby an unfavorably high energy consumption is caused.

It is therefore the task of an agitator of the type mentioned above and to provide a container with such a stirrer, in which an improved efficiency and thus lower energy consumption with intensive mixing and movement of the substrates are achieved in the container, even if the Rotor or the rotors of the agitator takes only a fraction of the volume of the container / occupy.

The solution of the first, the agitator part of the task succeeds according to the invention with an agitator of the type mentioned, which is characterized in that the rotor is seen along its axis of rotation with at least two rotor regions of different conveying effect on the substrate, wherein a first rotor portion with a predominantly axial conveying action in the direction of the axis of rotation and a second rotor portion with a stronger radial conveying action is carried out transversely to the direction of the axis of rotation.

With the invention, an agitator is provided, the rotor or rotors with their different conveying effects or directions cause a particularly effective movement and mixing of the substrate in relation to the rotor or rotors large container. The different rotor areas are suitably selected and determined depending on the arrangement of the rotor in the container and the geometry of the container with the aim of generating the desired flow as effective as possible, wherein an effective substrate flow is also generated outside the range of motion of the rotor or rotors ,

In a first development it is provided that the agitator is designed for a standing, round or polygonal container and that the at least one rotor is arranged lying in the radial direction of the container or in a direction obliquely thereto. The orientation of the rotor of the agitator here corresponds to that of conventional agitators, so that, for example, in a modernization parts of an older agitator, such as storage and possibly also the drive, can continue to be used while the rotor is replaced. The rotor extends seen in its axial direction expedient only over a portion of the diameter, for example, about a quarter of the diameter of the container, thus occupying only a small part of the volume of the container.

Next, the invention provides that the rotor at one end in a first, supported by a support in the container container side rotor bearing and at its second end in a second, or in a container wall or near a container wall outside or inside of this arranged wall-side rotor bearings stored or storable.

In the operation of the agitator, the substrate is preferably conveyable from the rotor with its axially inner container-side rotor region predominantly in the radial direction of the container from inside to outside and with its axially outer, wall-side rotor region radially away from the rotor in the circumferential direction of the container. This creates an effective flow and thorough mixing of the entire contents of the container. In this case, the centrifugal force effect generated by the rotation of the rotor is particularly advantageously used on the substrate for the promotion in the axially outer, wall-side rotor region radially away from the rotor in the circumferential direction of the container. Alternatively, by reversing the direction of rotation of the rotor or the rotors and a reverse flow can be generated.

Depending on the desired or required flows in the container, the axis of rotation of the rotor in a horizontal direction or in a direction of the container to the inside of the container at an angle of up to 30 ° obliquely downward or upward direction. The rotor can be fixed or alternatively also angularly adjustable at a certain angle.

Another possibility of targeted flow control is that the axis of rotation of the rotor extends at an angle of up to 30 ° obliquely to the radial direction of the container. The rotor can also be arranged fixed or alternatively angle-adjustable here at a certain angle.

In a further embodiment of the agitator, in which it is also designed for a standing, round or polygonal container, it is provided that the at least one rotor is arranged standing in the axial direction of the container or a direction obliquely thereto and eccentrically or centrally in the container. Even with this arrangement of the rotor or multiple rotors, effective movement and mixing of the substrate in the container can be created, even if the rotor or each rotor occupies only a fraction of the volume of the container.

It is preferably provided to achieve a stable mounting of the rotor, that the rotor at its one, upper end in a first, above in or over the upper rotor bearing arranged in the container and, at its second, lower end, being mounted or storable in a second lower rotor bearing arranged below in the container or on a container bottom.

During operation of the agitator described last, the substrate can advantageously be conveyed from the rotor with the axially upper rotor region predominantly in the axial direction of the container from top to bottom and with the axially lower rotor region away from the rotor in the radial direction of the rotor. In this case, floating components are conveyed downwards on the substrate and effectively mixed into the substrate. In addition, the centrifugal force effect generated by the rotation of the rotor on the substrate for the promotion in the axially lower rotor portion of the rotor radially away for generating an intense outside of the range of movement of the rotor substrate flow is also advantageously used here, whereby the entire volume of substrate located in the container is intensively circulated and is mixed. Alternatively, by reversing the direction of rotation of the rotor or the rotors, a reverse flow can also be generated here.

In an alternative embodiment, the agitator is designed for a horizontal, round or polygonal container, in which case the at least one rotor is arranged in the container in a direction running parallel or transversely or obliquely to the axial direction of the container. With the agitator according to the invention can thus be effected in a recumbent container intensive mixing and movement of the substrate, in which case the rotor or each rotor expediently occupies only a fraction of the volume of the container.

Another contribution to achieving a good efficiency and generating favorable flow conditions is that preferably the rotor areas of different conveying effect are performed continuously merging into each other.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that the / each stirring blade is designed as a flat, continuous or segmented material strip running along a helix over the full axial length of the rotor, carried by at least two spokes of the rotor, and that the / each stirring blade in the stirring blade longitudinal direction seen having a changing from one rotor end to the other end of the rotor end alignment of its blade surface relative to the radial direction of the rotor. In this way, the rotor areas of different conveying effect on the substrate technically relatively simple, but effective, are generated, which keeps the production of the agitator, in particular the rotor, relatively inexpensive. In a simple embodiment, the material strips forming the stirring blades are of constant width over their length. But it is also possible, as seen in the longitudinal direction of the strip of material whose width to vary specifically to achieve location-dependent different, respectively desired conveying effects.

A preferred development of the last-described agitator provides that the / each stirring blade at one end of the rotor has an orientation of its blade surface pointing in the radial direction of the rotor and at the other end of the rotor has an orientation of its blade surface tilted to the radial direction of the rotor. The rotor region, in which the helically extending stirring blades have an orientation of their blade surface pointing in the radial direction of the rotor, thus has a predominantly axial conveying action, while the rotor region, in which the stirring blades have an orientation of their blade surface tilted to the radial direction of the rotor, has a stronger radial Has conveying effect.

In the agitator according to the invention, the helical line, along which the / each stirring blade extends, seen in the direction of the axis of rotation of the rotor have a constant pitch screw. This is then connected over the axial length of the rotor substantially uniform conveying effect in Rotoraxialrichtung.

Alternatively, the helix, along which the / each stirring blade extends, seen in the direction of the axis of rotation of the rotor having a changing pitch screw. This can be used to generate an axial conveying length that changes over the axial length of the rotor.

In a further embodiment, preferably the helical line, along which the / each stirring blade extends, has a smaller helical pitch in one rotor region than in the other rotor region, whereby correspondingly different delivery effects are produced in the rotor regions.

A further embodiment of the agitator provides that the helix, along which the / each stirring blade extends, has a constant distance from the axis of rotation of the rotor.

Alternatively, the helix, along which the / each stirring blade extends, may have a varying distance to the axis of rotation of the rotor as viewed in the direction of the axis of rotation of the rotor.

In this case, it is then preferably provided that the helical line, along which the / each stirring blade runs, has a smaller distance from the axis of rotation of the rotor in one rotor region than in the other rotor region. This embodiment of the rotor may e.g. be advantageous if the axis of rotation of the rotor of the agitator in the container has an inclination to the horizontal direction.

In order to further increase the efficiency of the agitator according to the invention, the invention provides that the spokes are designed as conveying elements for the substrate, that in the first rotor region arranged first spokes are designed with a predominantly axial conveying action in the direction of the axis of rotation of the rotor and that in the second Rotor region arranged second spokes are designed with a predominantly radial conveying action transverse to the direction of the axis of rotation of the rotor or with a predominantly axial conveying action against the axial conveying action of the first spokes. In this embodiment of the agitator also the spokes are involved in generating the flow of the substrate and thus support the flow generation by the stirring blades.

Furthermore, the invention provides that the / each rotor has a continuous, in each case a rotor bearing mounted rotor shaft or that the / each rotor has two end-side shaft stumps, which are mounted in a respective rotor bearing. The choice between the two embodiments given here depends in particular on the loads occurring in the operation of the agitator.

For embodiments of the agitator in which one or more rotor bearings are provided on or in a container wall or on or in a container bottom, the invention proposes that a fixed flow guide is arranged on the container wall in front of the wall-side rotor bearing or on the container bottom in front of the bottom rotor bearing or that on the rotor in front of the wall side or the bottom-side rotor bearing a mitdrehender flow guide is arranged. Hereby, the load on the bearings is reduced by oncoming substrate, which simplifies the sealing of the bearings and extends their life. Also in connection with shaft passages through a wall of the container such flow guide are useful.

The spokes carrying the stirring blades of the agitator are preferably rectilinear in or arcuate to the radial direction of the rotor, depending on the effect of the spokes on the substrate during rotation of the rotor.

In one embodiment of the agitator, it is provided that the rotor has a single stirring blade, that the stirring blade extends over a helix angle of 360 ° or an integer multiple thereof and that the rotor has at least two spokes bearing the stirring blade at least at the ends. The fact that the stirring blade extends over a helix angle of 360 ° or an integer multiple thereof, ensures that even at a low level of the substrate in the container, in which the rotor is partially above the substrate mirror, a completely uniform moment of resistance at the rotating Rotor is obtained, whereby torque fluctuations or shocks, which are harmful to bearing and drive of the rotor can be avoided.

Alternatively, it is provided for the agitator, that the rotor has a number of n stirring blades, where n> 1, that the stirring blades are distributed uniformly over the circumference of the rotor, that each stirring blade over a helix angle of 360 ° / n or a Whose integer multiple thereof extends and that the rotor per agitator blade has at least two the stirring blade at least end face bearing spokes. Also in this embodiment, the advantage of a uniform resistance or torque is achieved at partially above the substrate level or mirror lying rotor.

A further embodiment of the agitator proposes that the first rotor region, which has a predominantly radial conveying action transverse to the direction of the axis of rotation of the rotor, is additionally designed with a conveying action opposite to that of the second rotor region with the predominantly axial conveying action in the direction of the axis of rotation of the rotor. With this measure will a deflection of the substrate flow from the axial direction of the rotor supported in a radial direction to this direction.

In many applications of agitators, an undesirable floating layer of lighter solids may form on the substrate. To remedy this problem, it is provided that the rotor is provided with fingers projecting radially outwardly beyond the / each stirring blade, preferably connected or integral with the stirring blade (s). As the rotor rotates, these fingers ensure that the material of a possibly present floating layer is conveyed down into the substrate and thus is effectively mixed into the substrate.

In order to avoid catching and collecting material from the floating layer on the fingers in the last-described blending process, the invention provides that the fingers protruding radially outwardly beyond the / each agitating blade provide an inclination to the radial direction of the rotor facing the working direction of rotation of the rotor exhibit. A suitable angle of inclination can be determined, for example, depending on the properties of the floating layer material by experiments, on the one hand a sufficient entrainment effect on the material of the floating layer is to be ensured without the floating layer material can permanently catch on the fingers. Preferably, the fingers are arranged at a fixed angle to the rotor. But it is also possible to store the fingers pivotable on the rotor and if necessary to adjust their orientation.

Depending on the size of the container, is to be moved and mixed in the substrate, agitators may be provided with one or more rotors, which in the case of multiple rotors in the circumferential direction of the container or spaced from each other in the axial direction of the container may be arranged in the container.

The solution of the second, the container for mixing and moving substrates in the form of liquids or liquid-solid mixtures part of the task succeeds according to the invention with a container having an agitator according to one of claims 1 to 29, wherein the volume of Container is large compared to the range of motion taken by the rotor or the rotors of the agitator in the container.

The stirrer according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously in fermenter tanks, e.g. of biogas plants, but also in other applications in which substrates in a container are to be mixed and moved in the form of liquids or liquid-solid mixtures, such as e.g. in slurry tanks of agricultural holdings or in sewage tanks of sewage treatment plants.

Figur 1

ein Rührwerk in einer ersten Ausführung, in einem stehenden, nur teilweise dargestellten Behälter, in Ansicht schräg von oben,

Figur 2

das Rührwerk aus Figur 1 zusammen mit dem Behälter, in Draufsicht,

Figur 3

das Rührwerk aus Figur 2 mit durch Strömungspfeile angedeuteter Strömung eines Substrats im Behälter, ebenfalls in Draufsicht,

Figur 4

das Rührwerk in einer geänderten Ausführung, in gleicher Darstellung wie in Figur 2,

Figur 5

das Rührwerk aus Figur 4 in einer Stirnansicht in Radialrichtung des Behälters von innen nach außen gesehen,

Figur 6

das Rührwerk in einer weiteren Ausführung, in Draufsicht,

Figur 7

das Rührwerk in einer weiteren Ausführung, in Draufsicht,

Figur 8

das Rührwerk in einer weiteren Ausführung, in Stirnansicht,

Figur 9

das Rührwerk in einer weiteren Ausführung, in Draufsicht,

Figur 10

das Rührwerk aus Figur 9 mit durch Strömungspfeile angedeuteter Strömung eines Substrats im Behälter, in Draufsicht,

Figur 11

das Rührwerk in einer weiteren Ausführung, in Seitenansicht,

Figur 12

einen Rotor des Rührwerks mit einem Rührblatt, in einer ersten Ausführung, in Seitenansicht,

Figur 13

den Rotor mit einem Rührblatt, in einer zweiten Ausführung, in Seitenansicht,

Figur 14

den Rotor mit zwei Rührblättern, in einer ersten Ausführung, in Seitenansicht,

Figur 15

den Rotor mit zwei Rührblättern, in einer zweiten Ausführung, in Seitenansicht,

Figur 16

den Rotor mit vier Rührblättern, in einer ersten Ausführung, in Seitenansicht,

Figur 17

den Rotor mit vier Rührblättern, in einer zweiten Ausführung, in Seitenansicht,

Figur 18

den Rotor mit sechs Rührblättern, in einer ersten Ausführung, in Seitenansicht,

Figur 19

den Rotor mit sechs Rührblättern, in einer zweiten Ausführung, in Seitenansicht,

Figur 20

den Rotor mit acht Rührblättern, in einer ersten Ausführung, in Seitenansicht,

Figur 21

den Rotor mit acht Rührblättern, in einer zweiten Ausführung, in Seitenansicht,

Figur 22

den Rotor mit vier Rührblättern, in einer geänderten Ausführung, in Seitenansicht,

Figur 23

den Rotor aus Figur 22 im Querschnitt gemäß der Schnittlinie A-A in Figur 22,

Figur 24

den Rotor aus Figur 22 im Querschnitt gemäß der Schnittlinie B-B in Figur 22,

Figur 25

den Rotor aus Figur 22 im Querschnitt gemäß der Schnittlinie C-C in Figur 22,

Figur 26

den Rotor mit vier Rührblättern, in einer geänderten Ausführung, in Seitenansicht,

Figur 27

den Rotor mit vier Rührblättern, in einer nochmals geänderten Ausführung, in Seitenansicht,

Figur 28

den Rotor mit vier Rührblättern, in einer weiteren geänderten Ausführung, in Seitenansicht,

Figur 29

einen Rotor mit radial äußeren Fingern, in einer Stirnansicht,

Figur 30

einen Abschnitt einer Rotorwelle mit einer im Schnitt sichtbaren Speiche, in einer ersten Ausführung,

Figur 31

einen Abschnitt der Rotorwelle mit der im Schnitt sichtbaren Speiche, in einer zweiten Ausführung,

Figur 32

das Rührwerk in einer weiteren geänderten Ausführung, in Seitenansicht, in einem stehenden Behälter,

Figur 33

das Rührwerk in einer nochmals geänderten Ausführung, in Seitenansicht, in einem stehenden Behälter,

Figur 34

ein Rührwerk mit drei in einem stehenden Behälter angeordneten Rotoren, in einer Draufsicht,

Figur 35

ein Rührwerk in Seitenansicht in einem liegenden Behälter, in einer ersten Ausführung,

Figur 36

ein Rührwerk mit zwei nebeneinander angeordneten Rotoren in einem liegenden Behälter, in einer perspektivischen Ansicht, mit aufgeschnittenem Behälter, und

Figur 37

ein Rührwerk in Seitenansicht in einem liegenden Behälter, in einer weiteren Ausführung.

In the following, embodiments of the invention will be explained with reference to a drawing. The figures of the drawing show:

FIG. 1

a stirrer in a first embodiment, in a standing, only partially illustrated container, in view obliquely from above,

FIG. 2

the agitator off FIG. 1 together with the container, in plan view,

FIG. 3

the agitator off FIG. 2 with flow indicated by flow arrows of a substrate in the container, likewise in plan view,

FIG. 4

the agitator in a modified version, in the same representation as in FIG. 2 .

FIG. 5

the agitator off FIG. 4 seen in an end view in the radial direction of the container from the inside to the outside,

FIG. 6

the agitator in a further embodiment, in plan view,

FIG. 7

the agitator in a further embodiment, in plan view,

FIG. 8

the agitator in a further embodiment, in front view,

FIG. 9

the agitator in a further embodiment, in plan view,

FIG. 10

the agitator off FIG. 9 with indicated by flow arrows flow of a substrate in the container, in plan view,

FIG. 11

the agitator in a further embodiment, in side view,

FIG. 12

a rotor of the agitator with a stirring blade, in a first embodiment, in side view,

FIG. 13

the rotor with a stirring blade, in a second embodiment, in side view,

FIG. 14

the rotor with two stirring blades, in a first embodiment, in side view,

FIG. 15

the rotor with two stirring blades, in a second embodiment, in side view,

FIG. 16

the rotor with four stirring blades, in a first embodiment, in side view,

FIG. 17

the rotor with four stirring blades, in a second embodiment, in side view,

FIG. 18

the rotor with six stirring blades, in a first embodiment, in side view,

FIG. 19

the rotor with six stirring blades, in a second embodiment, in side view,

FIG. 20

the rotor with eight stirring blades, in a first embodiment, in side view,

FIG. 21

the rotor with eight stirring blades, in a second embodiment, in side view,

FIG. 22

the rotor with four blades, in a modified version, in side view,

FIG. 23

off the rotor FIG. 22 in cross-section along the section line AA in FIG. 22 .

FIG. 24

off the rotor FIG. 22 in cross-section along the section line BB in FIG. 22 .

FIG. 25

off the rotor FIG. 22 in cross-section along the section line CC in FIG. 22 .

FIG. 26

the rotor with four blades, in a modified version, in side view,

FIG. 27

the rotor with four stirring blades, in a further modified version, in side view,

FIG. 28

the rotor with four stirring blades, in a further modified embodiment, in side view,

FIG. 29

a rotor with radially outer fingers, in an end view,

FIG. 30

a section of a rotor shaft with a visible in section spoke, in a first embodiment,

FIG. 31

a section of the rotor shaft with the visible in section spoke, in a second embodiment,

FIG. 32

the agitator in a further modified embodiment, in side view, in a vertical container,

FIG. 33

the stirrer in a further modified embodiment, in side view, in a vertical container,

FIG. 34

an agitator with three rotors arranged in a vertical container, in a plan view,

FIG. 35

an agitator in side view in a horizontal container, in a first embodiment,

FIG. 36

a stirrer with two juxtaposed rotors in a horizontal container, in a perspective view, with cut open container, and

FIG. 37

a stirrer in side view in a horizontal container, in another embodiment.

In the following description of the figures, the same parts in the various drawing figures are always denoted by the same reference numerals, so that not all reference numerals have to be re-explained for each drawing figure.

FIG. 1 The drawing shows a stirrer 1 in a first embodiment, in a standing, only partially shown container 3, in view obliquely from above. The upright container 3 has an annular circumferential peripheral wall 31 and a bottom 32 and is shown open at the top so that the agitator 1 arranged inside the container 3 is visible. The container 3 is, for example, a fermentation tank of a biogas plant in which a substrate consisting of liquid and solids is to be moved and mixed. In practice, such a container 3, not shown here, is provided per se known roof, which covers the container 3 gas-tight on the top side, wherein the roof may be, for example, a plastic membrane.

To move and mixing the substrate in the container 3 is the agitator 1, which has a rotatable rotor 2 with here four stirring blades 25. The rotor 2 further comprises a continuous rotor shaft 21 which extends horizontally and substantially in the radial direction of the container 3. At its container-side end, the rotor shaft 21 is rotatably mounted in a rotor bearing 22. 1, which in turn is arranged in a support 23 standing on the bottom 32 of the container 3. The other end of the rotor shaft 21 is guided out of the container 3 through a shaft passage 38 in the container peripheral wall 31 and stored there by means of a further rotor bearing. There is also a not visible here drive, such as electric motor or hydraulic motor, arranged for the rotor 2.

Furthermore, the rotor 2 in each case has four first spokes 24.1 and second spokes 24.2, which are mounted at right angles to the rotor shaft 21 aligned therewith are. At the free ends of the spokes 24.1, 24.2, the ends 25.1, 25.2 of the stirring blades 25 are supported.

The stirring blades 25 each consist of a flat, narrow strip of material, preferably made of steel, and have a relatively small width relative to their length. Furthermore, the stirring blades 25 are connected to the spokes 24.1, 24.2 such that the stirring blades 25 run along a helical line and that the orientation of the surface of the stirring blades 25 relative to the radial direction of the rotor 2 changes in its course. The stirring blades 25 are thus wound to a certain extent in itself. In the embodiment according to FIG. 1 At the second end 25.2 of the stirring blades 25 whose plane is no longer in the radial direction of the rotor 2, but in a twisted or tilted level, like the FIG. 1 illustrated in the region of the connection between the second spokes 24.2 and the local ends 25.2 of the stirring blades 25.

With this design and arrangement of the agitating blades 25 of the rotor 2, it is achieved that the rotor 2 receives two regions 2 'and 2 "with different conveying action on a substrate located in the container 3. In the rotor region 2', the rotor 2 predominantly exerts a predominantly during operation in the axial direction of the rotor 2 pointing conveying action on the substrate, while the rotor 2 in the rotor region 2 "exerts a larger pointing in the radial direction of the rotor 2 conveying effect on the substrate. In an example, right-handed drive of the rotor 2 whose rotor portion 2 'generates there in the axial direction of the rotor 2 and thus in the radial direction of the container 3 from inside to outside conveying effect, while the rotor portion 2 "there in the radial direction of the rotor 2 and thus in the circumferential direction In the rotor region 2 ', the centrifugal force, which in any case arises as a result of the rotation of the rotor 2, acts on the substrate to support the desired transport of the substrate in the circumferential direction of the container 3 from the rotor 2 away exploited, which contributes to a high efficiency of the agitator 1.

Like from the FIG. 1 can be seen, the helix, along which each stirring blade 21 extends, here a helix angle of 90 °. With four stirring blades 25, each extending over a helix angle of 90 °, results in an advantageous always a uniform, independent of the respective rotational position of the rotor 2 intervention of the rotor 2 with its stirring blades 25 into the substrate in container 3, even if the mirror of the substrate so is low, that an upper part of the rotor 2 is above the substrate mirror. As a result, irregularities in the applied for the rotation of the rotor 2 by a drive motor torque and the bearings of the rotor 2 loading bumps or shocks during operation of the agitator 1 are avoided.

A reverse direction of rotation of the drive of the rotor 2 is also possible; This inevitably results in a conveying effect of the rotor 2 on the substrate, which is opposite to the conveying effect described above.

FIG. 2 shows the agitator 1 from FIG. 1 together with the container 3 in plan view. Here, it is particularly clear that the container 3 has a circular outline with the container peripheral wall 31 and the circular bottom 32. Alternatively, the container 3 may also have a polygonal or polygonal outline shape.

In the in FIG. 2 left portion of the container 3, the agitator 1 is arranged with the rotor 2, whose axial length extends here about more than a quarter of the diameter of the container 3. The FIG. 2 thus illustrates particularly clearly that the rotor 2 of the agitator 1 occupies only a fraction of the volume of the container 3.

The rotor shaft 21 extends here in the radial direction of the container 3 and is mounted at its end facing the center of the container 3 in the support 23. By means of the shaft passage 38, the rotor shaft 21 is guided sealingly at its other end by the container peripheral wall 31. Outside the container 3, the drive 28, here an electric motor, for the rotor 2 of the agitator 1 is arranged. The number and arrangement of the stirring blades 25 of the rotor 2 in FIG. 2 corresponds to the example FIG. 1 ,

FIG. 3 shows the agitator 1 from FIG. 2 with indicated by flow arrows flow of a substrate in the container 3, also in plan view, located in operation agitator 1. With the rotary arrow on the rotor shaft 21 here working direction of rotation 20 'of the rotor 2 is indicated. Due to the above different delivery effects of the rotor areas 2 'and 2 "is in the container 3 within the substrate 30 therein, the flow through the flow arrows 30' and 30" illustrated. In this case, the rotor 2 occupies a range of movement which is small in relation to the volume of the container 3, but nevertheless generates a flow which mixes and mixes the entire volume of the substrate in the container 3.

In the rotor region 2 ', this results in a flow which runs essentially from the inside to the outside in the axial direction of the rotor 2 and in the radial direction of the container 3, while in the rotor region 2 "the conveying effect acts more strongly in the radial direction of the rotor 2, whereby there in the circumferential direction the container 3 facing circular flow 30 "is generated. As in FIG. 3 illustrated, is also mixed with a rotor 2 having only one agitator 1 in the container 3 whose entire contents of substrate 30 in motion and the components of the substrate 30 are thoroughly mixed.

FIG. 4 shows the agitator 1 in a modified version, in the same representation as in FIG. 2 , Different from the example below FIG. 1 and 2 is here that the orientation of the rotor 2 is reversed with its two different rotor areas 2 'and 2 "The rotor area 2' with the predominantly pointing in the axial direction of the rotor 2 conveying action here is close to the container peripheral wall 31, while the rotor portion 2" with the predominantly or more in the radial direction of the rotor 2 facing conveying effect on the side remote from the container peripheral wall 31 of the rotor 2 is located. This results in addition, depending on the direction of rotation of the rotor 2, further, changed delivery effects on a substrate in the container 3, which, depending on the operating conditions present, may be advantageous. Also in this embodiment, the rotor 2 occupies a range of motion that is small in relation to the volume of the container 3, but still creates a flow that mixes and mixes the entire volume of substrate in the container 3.

FIG. 5 shows the agitator 1 from FIG. 4 seen in an end view in the radial direction of the container 3 from the inside out. Facing the viewer is the support 23, which carries the rotor bearing 22.1, in which the not visible here rotor shaft of the rotor 2 is mounted. In the radial direction here extend the spokes 24.1 straight from the rotor shaft 21 to the outside. With the respective outer end area the spokes 24.1, the stirring blades 25 are connected in the orientation described above. Far left and far right in FIG. 5 the peripheral wall 31 of the container 3 is visible. Down the container 3 is limited by the container bottom 32.

FIG. 6 shows the agitator 1 in a further embodiment in plan view. The rotor 2 with the rotor shaft 21 and the stirring blades 25 is here in accordance with the example according to the FIGS. 1 and 2 executed. There is a difference in the example FIG. 6 in that here, as part of the agitator 1, a flow guide body 36 is arranged on the inner surface of the container peripheral wall 31 of the container 3 to assist the flow guidance of the substrate in the container 3 to avoid dead flow areas and around the shaft passage 38 in the container peripheral wall 31 relieve. The flow guide body 36 has a rounded wedge shape with the tip of the wedge facing the side of the rotor 2 facing the container perimeter wall 31, and the concave rounded wedge surfaces tangent to the inner surface of the container perimeter wall 31 on both sides of the tip. Also in this embodiment, the rotor 2 occupies a range of motion that is small in relation to the volume of the container 3, but still creates a flow that mixes and mixes the entire volume of substrate in the container 3.

FIG. 7 shows the agitator 1 in a further embodiment in plan view. Again, the rotor 2 is consistent with the example according to the FIGS. 1 and 2 executed. Characteristic of this embodiment is a flow guide 26, which is mounted on the rotor shaft 21 and rotates in the operation of the agitator 1 together with the rotor 2. Here, the flow guide body 26 is a rotationally symmetrical body, with its side facing the rotor 2 forming a concavely rounded conical shape. Again, the substrate flow generated during operation of the agitator 1 by the rotor 2 is favorably directed and supported and at the same time relieves the shaft passage 38 in the container peripheral wall 31 from the flow pressure of the substrate. Also in this embodiment, the rotor 2 occupies a range of motion that is small in relation to the volume of the container 3, but still creates a flow that mixes and mixes the entire volume of substrate in the container 3.

FIG. 8 shows the agitator 1 in a further embodiment, in front view, as a modification of the example FIG. 5 , Characteristic of the agitator 1 according to FIG. 8 is that the spokes 24.1 are not straight in the radial direction of the rotor 2, but each having a curved shape. This curved shape can except the spokes 24.1 also in FIG. 8 have non-visible spokes 24.2. This shape of the spokes 24.1, 24.2 can be used to generate a conveying effect as well as favorable for receiving the occurring during operation of the agitator 1 to the spokes 24.1, 24.2 mechanical loads.

FIG. 9 shows the agitator 1 in a further embodiment in plan view, together with a again here round standing container 3. Different from the embodiments described above is here that the rotor shaft 21 of the rotor 2 of the agitator 1 in a relative to the radial direction of the container 3 obliquely extending direction is arranged. Incidentally, the agitator 1 corresponds to FIG. 9 the embodiment of the FIGS. 1 and 2 , The oblique orientation of the rotor shaft 21 can be fixed or alternatively also variable, wherein the change in the orientation of the rotor shaft 21 can be carried out at standstill of the agitator 1 or during a running stirring operation.

FIG. 10 shows the agitator 1 from FIG. 9 with indicated by flow arrows flow of a substrate 30 in the container 3, in plan view. Again, the agitator 1 in the rotor portion 2 'a predominantly extending in the axial direction of the rotor 2 conveying action in the direction of the flow arrows 30' in the substrate caused, while the container peripheral wall 31 facing rotor portion 2 "has a stronger conveying action in the radial direction of the rotor 2 and thus the running in the circumferential direction of the container 3 flow 30 "generated in the substrate. Overall, here two flow circuits of different sizes result, wherein in the region of the rotor 2, the substrate 30 is mixed and exchanged between the flow circuits. Also in the embodiment of the Figures 9 and 10 For example, the rotor 2 occupies a range of motion that is small in relation to the volume of the container 3, but still creates a flow that mixes and mixes the entire volume of substrate in the container 3.

FIG. 11 shows the agitator 1 in a further embodiment, in side view. Characteristic of this agitator 1 are two features, namely, on the one hand that the rotor shaft 21 extends with a slope to the horizontal direction, and on the other hand, that the radial distance of the stirring blades 25 is different from the rotor shaft 21 seen over its axial length.

The inclination of the rotor shaft 21 extends here from the container peripheral wall 31 in the direction of the interior of the container seen downwards. The inner end of the rotor shaft 21 is supported and supported in a support 23 here as well.

The radial spacing of the stirring blades 25 from the rotor shaft 21 is smaller at the end of the rotor 2 pointing towards the interior of the container 3 and larger at the end of the rotor 2 facing the container circumferential wall 31. Accordingly, the first spokes 24.1 of the rotor 2 are shorter than the near-wall spokes 24.2. This ensures that the stirring blades 25 of the rotor 2 can be moved over its entire length relatively close to the container bottom 32 in order to avoid sedimentation of solids from the substrate on the container bottom 32. Also in this embodiment, the rotor 2 occupies a range of motion that is small in relation to the volume of the container 3, but still creates a flow that mixes and mixes the entire volume of substrate in the container 3.

The rotor 2 of the agitator 1 can be designed differently in various respects, in particular with regard to its shaft and the number of its stirring blades, as will be explained below with reference to several corresponding embodiments.

The FIG. 12 shows a rotor 2 of the agitator 1 with a single stirring blade 25, in a first embodiment, in side view. The stirring blade 25 also runs along a helical line and over a helix angle of 360 °. For its storage, the rotor 2 here has two stub shafts 21.1, 21.2 at its two rotor ends 2.1, 2.2. With each stub shaft 21.1, 21.2 each have a spoke 24.1, 24.2 is connected. With the free end of the spokes 24.1, 24.2 is the stirring blade 25, which also here has the shape of a narrow strip of material, connected at its ends 25.1, 25.2. At the in FIG. 12 Right end 25.1 of the stirring blade 25 is the surface plane in the radial direction of the rotor 2, ie in the longitudinal direction of the radially extending right spoke 24.1. At the in FIG. 12 left end 25.2 of the stirring blade 25 whose surface plane extends obliquely to the radial direction of the rotor 2 and thus also obliquely to the longitudinal direction of the there in the radial direction extending spoke 24.2. Again, therefore, the stirring blade 25 is wound in its course along the helix in itself. As a result, two rotor areas 2 'and 2 "of different conveying effect are also formed in this rotor 2 having only one agitating blade 25, the rotor area 2' having a stronger conveying action in the axial direction of the rotor 2 and the rotor area 2 due to the respective orientation of the surface plane of the agitating blade 25 "has a stronger conveying action in the radial direction of the rotor 2.

By means of its stub shafts 21.1, 21.2 of the rotor 2 about an axis of rotation 20 is rotatably storable and by means of an attacking on one of the stub shafts 21.1, 21.2 drive in rotation.

FIG. 13 shows the rotor 2 with a single stirring blade 25 in a second embodiment, in side view. Different from the previously described embodiment is here that the rotor 2 has a continuous rotor shaft 21 instead of the two stub shafts. With regard to the other parts and properties, the rotor 2 corresponds to FIG FIG. 13 for example FIG. 12 ,

FIG. 14 shows the rotor 2 with two stirring blades 25 in a first embodiment in side view. The two stirring blades 25 are mutually offset by 180 ° in the circumferential direction in the rotor 2 and again each run along a helix, which here describes a helical angle of 180 °. For rotatable mounting of the rotor 2 serve here again two stub shafts 21.1 and 21.2. From the stub shaft 21.1 go two first spokes 24.1 and from the stub shaft 21.2 two second spokes 24.2 in the radial direction, the spokes 24.1, 24.2 are offset in each case by 180 ° in the circumferential direction of the rotor 2. At the free end of the spokes 24.1, 24.2, the ends 25.1 and 25.2 of the stirring blades 25 are attached. As in the previous example, the surface plane of the stirring blades 25 lies at the end 25.1 in the radial direction of the rotor 2, while at the other end of the rotor 2 at the end 25.2 of the stirring blades 25 whose surface plane are aligned obliquely to the radial direction of the rotor 2. Thus, the rotor regions 2 'and 2 "already described above also result here with a conveying effect which is different from one another during the rotation of the rotor 2 onto a substrate.

FIG. 15 shows the rotor 2 with two stirring blades 25 in a second embodiment, in side view. Different for example after FIG. 14 is here that the rotor 2 has a continuous rotor shaft 21 instead of two stub shafts. Otherwise, the rotor 2 corresponds to FIG. 15 for example FIG. 14 ,

FIG. 16 shows the rotor 2 with four stirring blades 25 in a first embodiment in side view. Here again, the rotor 2 has two mutually aligned stub shafts 21.1, 21.2, of which four spokes 24.1, 24.2 each originate in the radial direction at an angular distance of 90 ° to one another. With the free ends of the spokes 24.1, 24.2, the stirring blades 25 are again connected by means of their ends 25.1, 25.2. Here, too, the stirring blades 25 run along a helical line, each describing a helix angle of only 90 °. Here, too, the agitator blades 25 are wound over their length, wherein the surface plane of the agitator blades 25 extends at the end 25.1 in the radial direction and at the end 25.2 obliquely to the radial direction of the rotor 2. Thus, in this embodiment of the rotor 2, the two different with respect to their respective conveying effect rotor areas 2 'and 2 ", as already described above.

FIG. 17 shows the rotor 2 with four stirring blades 25 in a second embodiment, in side view, the difference to the example after FIG. 16 This is that here the rotor 2 has a continuous rotor shaft 21. With regard to the other parts and properties of the rotor 2 in FIG. 17 this agrees with the example according to FIG. 16 match.

FIG. 18 shows the rotor 2 with six stirring blades 25, in a first embodiment, in side view. This rotor 2 has two stub shafts 21.1, 21.2 for its rotatable mounting. With each stub shaft 21.1, 21.2 six spokes 24.1, 24.2 are connected, which extend at a respective angular distance of 60 ° to each other in the radial direction of the stub shaft 21.1, 21.2 to the outside. With the free ends of the spokes 24.1, 24.2, the stirring blades 25 are again connected by means of their ends 25.1, 25.2. Here, too, the stirring blades 25 run along a helical line, each describing a helical angle of 60 °. Here, too, the agitator blades 25 are wound over their length, wherein the surface plane of the agitator blades 25 extends at the end 25.1 in the radial direction and at the end 25.2 obliquely to the radial direction of the rotor 2. Thus, the two result in this embodiment of the rotor 2 with six stirring blades 25 with respect to their respective conveying effect different rotor areas 2 'and 2 ", as already described above.

FIG. 19 shows the rotor 2 with six stirring blades 25 in a second embodiment, in side view, in which case compared to the example of FIG. 18 instead of two stub shafts, a continuous rotor shaft 21 is provided in the rotor 2.

FIG. 20 shows the rotor 2 with eight stirring blades 25, in a first embodiment, in side view. For rotatable mounting of the rotor 2 serve here again two stub shafts 21.1 and 21.2. Corresponding to the number of agitator blades 25, eight spokes 24.1, 24.2 are here connected to each stub shaft 21.1, 21.2 at an angular distance of 45 ° to each other, which extend radially outward from the respective stub shaft 21.1, 21.2.

The stirring blades 25 are connected at their ends 25.1, 25.2 respectively to the end region of one of the spokes 24.1, 24.2. Here, the stirring blades 25 are also arranged here along a helical line, wherein the helices extend here in each case over a helix angle of 60 °. At the same time, the stirring blades 25, viewed in their longitudinal direction, also have such a distortion that the surface plane of the stirring blades 25 is oriented at the end 25.1 in the radial direction of the rotor and at the end 25.2 obliquely to the radial direction of the rotor 2. Thus, this rotor 2, the two rotor areas 2 'and 2 "different conveying effect.

FIG. 21 shows the rotor 2 with eight stirring blades 25, in a second embodiment, in side view, the difference to the example FIG. 20 It is that the rotor 2 here has a continuous rotor shaft 21 instead of stub shafts. The other parts and properties of the rotor 2 after FIG. 21 correspond to those of the example according to FIG. 20 ,

FIG. 22 shows the rotor 2 in a version with four stirring blades 25, now with two groups of additional spokes 24.3 between the end-side spokes 24.1 and 24.2, in side view. The four stirring blades 25 again run along a respective helical line, each of which covers a helix angle of 90 °. In this case, the pitch of the helix is not constant over the axial length of the rotor 2, but takes from the right in the axial direction of the rotor 2 to the left. The spokes 24.1, 24.2, 24.3 are here again respectively connected to a continuous rotor shaft 21 and extend at an angular distance of 90 ° to each other from the rotor shaft 21 in the radial direction to the outside. With their ends 25.1, the stirring blades 25 are connected to the axially outer first spokes 24.1 and with their ends 25.2 with the axially outer second spokes 24.2. The stirring blades 21 are twisted in this case, wherein the surface plane of the stirring blades 25 is aligned at its first end 25.1 in the radial direction of the rotor 2 and at its second end 25.2 obliquely to the radial direction of the rotor 2. Rotor blades 2 'and 2 "of different conveying action are thus also formed between the frontal spokes 24.1 and 24.2 to increase the stability and resilience of the rotor 2 with the two additional groups of spokes 24.3, wherein in the region of the spokes 24.1 and 24.3 the stirring blades 25 are not yet twisted, the twisting of the stirring blades 25 extends here only over the rotor area 2 ".

FIG. 23 shows the rotor 2 FIG. 22 in cross-section along the section line AA in FIG. 22 , In the center of FIG. 23 the cut rotor shaft 21 is visible, from which the spokes 24.3 extend in the radial direction to the outside. With the radially outer end portion of the spokes 24.3, the four stirring blades 25 are connected, the twisting before the in FIG. 23 the viewer facing front group of spokes 24.3 begins; behind the in FIG. 23 front group of spokes 24.3, the stirring blades 25 still no distortion. In addition, it can be seen here that each stirring blade 25 extends along a helix over a helical angle of 90 °.

FIG. 24 shows the rotor 2 FIG. 22 in cross-section along the section line BB in FIG. 22 , This section passes through a torsion-free portion of the stirring blades 25 of the rotor 2, as the FIG. 24 clearly shows. Behind the spokes 24.3 of the rear additional spoke group, the spokes 24.1 which are offset in the circumferential direction at the end face of the rotor 2 remote from the observer are visible.

FIG. 25 shows the rotor 2 FIG. 22 in cross-section along the section line CC in FIG. 22 , this section runs just before the front end of the rotor 2 facing away from the viewer. Thus, in FIG. 25 only the end-side spokes 24.1, which are attached to the rotor shaft 21, as well as at each end of the Spokes 24.1 a short piece of the there attached agitator blades 25 visible.

FIG. 26 shows a rotor 2 with four agitator blades 25 in one with respect to the example FIG. 22 slightly modified version, in side view. The change here is that at the in FIG. 26 a disc-shaped flat flow guide 26 is disposed on the left-hand end 2.2 of the rotor 2, which is connected to the rest of the rotor 2, specifically with its continuous rotor shaft 21, and thus rotates during operation of the rotor 2 with this. The flow guide body 26 supports the guidance of the substrate flow in the radial direction of the rotor 2, which is generated by its rotor region 2 ".

FIG. 27 again shows the rotor 2 with four stirring blades 25 in side view, as in FIG. 26 , but now with a modified flow guide 26. The flow guide 26 here has a three-dimensional shape in the form of concentric with the rotor shaft 21 arranged, connected to this cone with a concave rounded surface, thus, when the rotor 2 seen from its left end driven left-handed is a flow deflection of the substrate from a directed in the axial direction of the rotor 2 from right to left flow in the rotor region 2 'in a radial direction of the rotor 2 from inside to outside direction in the rotor region 2 "is supported.

FIG. 28 shows a rotor 2 with four stirring blades 25, in a further modified embodiment, in side view. Characteristic of this embodiment of the rotor 2 is that he, in FIG. 28 Seen from right to left, axially behind the running with a predominantly radial conveying action transverse to the direction of the axis of rotation 20 of the rotor 2 second rotor portion 2 "additionally a third rotor portion 2 '". This third rotor region 2 '"is designed with a predominantly axial conveying action opposite to the conveying action of the first rotor region 2' with the predominantly axial conveying action in the direction of the rotor shaft 21 of the rotor 2. In this way, a countercurrent is produced in the third rotor region 2 '" together with the second rotor portion 2 "causes a particularly effective flow deflection of the substrate from the axial direction from right to left in the radial direction from the rotor 2 radially outward away.

With regard to the other items and properties of the rotor 2 according to FIG. 28 is based on the previous description, in particular the FIG. 22 , with which there is agreement.

FIG. 29 shows a rotor 2 with radially outer fingers 27 in an end view. In this case, the fingers 27 projecting radially outward beyond the / each stirring blade 25 are connected to the agitating blade (s) 25 or made in one piece. The fingers 27 are used to detect upon rotation of the rotor 2 in its indicated by a rotary arrow working direction 20 'about its axis of rotation 20 on or in the liquid substrate floating or floating solid parts and move in the liquid substrate down and interfere in this, this Rotor is particularly effective when it extends beyond the mirror of the substrate with a smaller upper area. In this case, floating solid material is reliably detected on the surface of the substrate and mixed into the substrate, wherein a disturbing permanent setting of solid particles on the fingers 27 is prevented by their counter to the working direction of rotation 20 'skew.

FIG. 30 shows a portion of a rotor shaft 21 with a visible in section spoke 24.1 in a first embodiment. Characteristic of the spoke 24.1 shown here is that it is formed from a flat, obliquely arranged strip of material, such as steel flat profile, with which the spoke 24.1 itself in rotation of the rotor shaft 21 in turn like a propeller itself exerts a conveying effect on the substrate and thus the conveying effect of the rest of the rotor 2 supported.

FIG. 31 also shows a portion of the rotor shaft 21 with the visible in section spoke 24.1, in a second embodiment, which is that here the spoke 24.1 is designed as a rectangular hollow profile and thus has a higher mechanical strength. The spoke 24.1 here likewise has an oblique orientation with respect to the circumferential direction of the rotor shaft 21, by which means it also itself exerts a conveying action on the substrate.

Also in the Figures 30 and 31 not shown spokes 24.2, 24.3 may be performed according to these figures. Except in the Figures 30 and 31 shown cross-sectional shapes, the spokes 24.1, 24.2, 24.3 and others Have cross-sectional shapes, such as the shape of curved blades or wing profiles, to increase their conveying effect.

FIG. 32 shows the agitator 1 in a further modified embodiment, in side view, in a vertical container. Characteristic of this embodiment of the agitator 1 is that the stirring blades 25 are not here as a continuous strip of material, but segmented, that is in the form of successively arranged with gaps agitator blade segments 25 ', are executed. Each stirring blade segment 25 'is assigned at least one spoke 24.1, 24.2, 24.3 so that all stirring blade segments 25' are held.

In its other parts and properties, the agitator 1 corresponds to FIG. 32 the example according to the FIGS. 1 and 2 , Also in the embodiment according to FIG. 32 For example, the rotor 2 in the container 3 occupies a range of movement that is small in relation to the volume of the container 3, but nevertheless creates a flow that mixes and mixes the entire volume of substrate in the container 3.

FIG. 33 shows the agitator 1 in a further modified embodiment, in side view, in a vertical container 3, which is characteristic of this embodiment of the agitator 1 that its rotor shaft 21 extends vertically here. In addition to the rotor shaft 21, the rotor 2 of the agitator 1 here has four stirring blades 25, which are attached to four emanating from the rotor shaft 21 spokes 24.1 at the first, upper rotor end 2.1 and four emanating from the rotor shaft 21 spokes 24.2 at the second, here lower rotor end 2.2 are. The stirring blades 25 each again run along a helical line, which here extends in each case over a helix angle of 90 °. In addition, here also the stirring blades 25 in a twist, wherein the stirring blades 25 extend at its first, upper end 25.1 with its blade surface in the radial direction of the rotor 2, while at its second, lower end 25.2, the blade surface of the stirring blades 25 obliquely to the radial direction of the rotor 2 runs. Thus, here too the rotor 2 has two rotor regions 2 'and 2 "of different conveying action on a substrate located in the container 3.

When the rotor 2, as seen from above, is driven left-handed, the upper rotor region 2 'with a predominantly axial conveying direction promotes substrate of top down, while the second rotor portion 2 "promotes the substrate outwardly predominantly in the radial direction of the rotor 2. Even with this vertical arrangement of the rotor 2 of the agitator 1 so located in the container 3 substrate is effectively set in motion in its entire volume and mixed, although here the rotor 2 in the container 3 occupies a range of motion, which is small in relation to the volume of the container 3. A not shown here drive of the rotor 2 can be conveniently located above a substrate mirror, with a complex shaft passage for the Rotor shaft 21 is avoided by the container wall 31.

For rotatable mounting of the rotor 2 and the rotor shaft 21, an upper rotor bearing 22. 1, which is arranged in a support projecting from the container wall 31 into the container 3, and a lower rotor bearing 22. 2, which is arranged on the container bottom 32, serve here.

For containers 3 up to a certain size or volume, the arrangement of a single rotor 2 is sufficient in practice. For particularly large containers 3, it may also be appropriate or necessary to provide several rotors 2 therein. An example of this shows the FIG. 34 with three in a standing container 3 arranged rotors 2 in a plan view. The rotors 2 and rotor shafts 21 of the agitator 1 here each have a vertical orientation and are arranged uniformly spaced from each other in the circumferential direction of the container 3 to a complete and over the volume of the container 3 seen uniform movement and mixing of located in the container 3 substrates cause. Depending on requirements, an operation of the rotors 2 can be selected, in which optionally one, two or all three rotors 2 are put into operation. Each rotor 2 may have its own drive, but it is also possible that all rotors 2 are coupled to a common drive or can be coupled.

According to this embodiment FIG. 34 For example, each rotor 2 within the container 3 occupies a range of movement that is small relative to the volume of the container 3, but nevertheless the rotors 2 create a flow that mixes and mixes the entire volume of substrate in the container 3.

The FIG. 35 shows a stirrer 1 in side view in a horizontal container 3, in a first embodiment. The container 3 here has a cylindrical shape with a peripheral wall 31 and two front ends 33 and is for example a part of a so-called Pfropfenstromfermenters. The agitator 1 here has a vertically arranged rotor 2 with a correspondingly vertical rotor shaft 21, which is rotatably mounted in the bottom of the container 3 in a lower rotor bearing 22.1 and above in the region of a shaft passage 38 through the container wall 31 in a second rotor bearing 22.2. A drive for the rotor 2, not shown here, is to be coupled on top of the container 3 to the rotor shaft 21 projecting therefrom out of the container 3. The rotor 2 here again has four stirring blades 25 which are attached with their lower end 25.1 to four lower spokes 24.1 and with their upper end 25.2 to four upper spokes 24.2. In this case, the stirring blades 25 again run along helical lines, each of which describes a helix angle of 90 °. At the first, here lower rotor end 2.1, the stirring blades 25 are aligned with extending in the radial direction of the rotor 2 blade surface, while the second, here upper rotor end 2.2, the stirring blades 25 are arranged with respect to the radial direction of the rotor 2 tilted orientation of the blade surface. Thus, this rotor 2 also has the two different rotor sections 2 'and 2 "with respect to their conveying effect on a substrate located in the container 3. As already described above, the rotor section 2' has a predominantly axial conveying action, while the rotor section 2" has a stronger has radial conveying effect.

Also in this embodiment, the rotor 2 occupies a range of motion that is small in relation to the volume of the container 3, but still creates a flow that mixes and mixes the entire volume of substrate in the container 3. With the agitator 1, therefore, a good mixing and movement of a substrate with a high efficiency can be generated in a horizontal hollow cylindrical container 3.

FIG. 36 shows one opposite the FIG. 35 modified embodiment with an agitator 1 with two juxtaposed rotors 2 a horizontal container 3, in a perspective view, with cut container 3. An arrangement of several rotors 2 in a horizontal container 3, in particular for very large containers 3 and / or at particularly high Requirements for the movement and mixing of the substrate in the container 3 be expedient. The two rotors 2 of the agitator 1 are identical to each other, however, each arranged vertically in the container 3 with different orientation. So lies in the in FIG. 36 Rotor 2 arranged on the left in the container 3 has its rotor region 2 'with a predominantly axial conveying action at the bottom, while this rotor region 2' lies at the top on the rotor 2 arranged on the right. Correspondingly, in the case of the left-hand rotor 2, the rotor region 2 "with the more radial conveying action is at the top, while in the case of the right-hand rotor 2 this rotor region 2" lies at the bottom. With this arrangement and orientation of the rotors 2, an intensive, over the working areas of both rotors 2 and over the entire volume of the container 3 extending flow and good mixing of the substrate can be ensured inside the container 3, although each rotor 2 within the container 3 occupies a range of movement that is small in relation to the volume of the container 3.

FIG. 37 Finally, an agitator 1 in side view in a horizontal container 3, in a further embodiment. In this embodiment, the rotor 2 of the agitator 1 is aligned horizontally, whereby the rotor shaft 21 here extends horizontally and parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the horizontal container 3. The rotor shaft 21 is rotatably mounted at its end facing the interior of the container 3 in a first rotor bearing 23.1, which is arranged in a support 23, which in turn is connected below in the container 3 with this. The other end of the rotor shaft 21 is by means of a shaft passage 38 in the in FIG. 37 left end wall 33 of the container 3 led to the outside, so that a not visible here drive the rotor 2 can be arranged outside the container 3 at the left end wall 33. In its further design and function, the rotor corresponds to 2 in FIG. 37 the embodiment according to the FIG. 1 ,

During operation of the agitator 1 according to FIG. 37 promotes its rotor 2 in clockwise rotation drive with the rotor portion 2 'substrate substantially in the axial direction of the rotor 2 from right to left. The second rotor portion 2 "with the more radial conveying action transports the substrate in the radial direction of the rotor 2 outwardly toward the peripheral wall of the container 3. In the area near the peripheral wall 31 of the container 3 in the interior of a helical substrate flow is caused, which is a flow component in the longitudinal direction of the container 3 from left to right FIG. 37 right end wall 33 of the container 3 reverses the flow and then runs in the central region of the container 3 in the longitudinal direction from right to left Again, an intense movement and mixing of substrate in the entire container 3 is achieved by means of the agitator 1, although the rotor 2 occupies a range of movement within the container 3, which is small in relation to the volume of the rotor Container 3. <U> REFERENCE LIST: </ u> character description 1 agitator 2 rotor 2.1, 2.2 rotor ends 2 ' Rotor area with axial conveying effect 2 ' Rotor area with radial conveying action 2 '' additional rotor area with axial conveying effect 20, 20 ' Rotary axis, working direction 21 rotor shaft 21.1, 21.2 shaft stubs 22.1, 22.2 rotor bearing 23 support 24.1, 24.2 end spokes 24.3 additional spokes (between 24.1 and 24.2) 25 stirring blades 25 ' Rührblattsegmente 25.1, 25.2 Ends of 25 26 Flow guide on 2 27 Finger on 2 28 Drive for 2 3 container 30 Substrate in 3 30 ' axial flow 30 " radial flow 31 Container peripheral wall 32 container bottom 33 Container end walls 36 Flow guide on 31 38 Shaft bushing

Claims (30)

Agitator (1) for mixing and moving in a container (3) located substrates (30) in the form of liquids or liquid solid mixtures, with at least one or more stirring blades (25) having arranged in the container (3), in at least rotor (2) mounted on a rotor bearing (22.1, 22.2) which is rotatable about a rotation axis (20) and with a drive (28) driving the rotor (2), the / each rotor (2) of the agitator (1) in that the container (3) to be mixed and to be moved to substrates occupies only a fraction of the volume of the container (3) and wherein by means of the agitator (1) a substrate flow outside the range of movement of the rotor (2) or the rotors (2) in the container (3) is effected,
characterized,
that the rotor (2) along its axis of rotation (20), viewed with at least two rotor portions (2 ', 2 ") of differing conveying action on the substrate (30) is constructed, wherein a first rotor section (2') with a predominantly axial conveying effect in the direction the rotation axis (20) and a second rotor portion (2 ") is designed with a stronger radial conveying action transversely to the direction of the axis of rotation (20). Agitator according to claim 1, characterized in that it is designed for a standing, round or polygonal container (3) and that the at least one rotor (2) is arranged lying in the radial direction of the container (3) or a direction obliquely thereto. Agitator according to claim 2, characterized in that the rotor (2) at one end (2.1) in a first, via a support (23) in the container (3) supporting the container-side rotor bearing (22.1) and at its second end (2.2 ) in a second, on or in a container wall (31) or near a container wall (31) outside or inside of this arranged wall-side rotor bearing (22.2) is stored or storable. Agitator according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that during operation of the agitator (1) the substrate (30) of the rotor (2) with its axially inner container-side rotor region (2 ') predominantly in the radial direction of the container (3) from the inside to the outside and with its axially outer, wandseitigem rotor portion (2 ") from the rotor (2) radially away in the circumferential direction of the container (3) is conveyed. Agitator according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the axis of rotation (20) of the rotor (2) in a horizontal direction or in one of the container wall (31) to the container interior at an angle of up to 30 ° obliquely downward or pointing upwards. Agitator according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the axis of rotation (20) of the rotor (2) at an angle of up to 30 ° obliquely to the radial direction of the container (3). Agitator according to claim 1, characterized in that it is designed for a standing, round or polygonal container (3) and that the at least one rotor (2) standing in the axial direction of the container (3) or an oblique direction and eccentrically or centrally in the container (3) is arranged. Agitator according to claim 7, characterized in that the rotor (2) at its one, upper end (2.1) in a first, in or above the container arranged upper rotor bearing (22.1) and at its second, lower end (2.2) in a second lower in the container (3) or on a container bottom (32) arranged lower rotor bearing (22.2) is stored or storable. Agitator according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that during operation of the agitator (1) the substrate (30) of the rotor (2) with the axially upper rotor portion (2 ') predominantly in the axial direction of the container (3) from above down and with the axially lower rotor portion (2 ") from the rotor (2) away in the radial direction of the container (3) is conveyed to the outside. Agitator according to claim 1, characterized in that it is designed for a horizontal, round or polygonal container (3) and that the at least one rotor (2) in a parallel or transversely or obliquely to the axial direction of the container (3) extending direction in the container (3) is arranged. Agitator according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the rotor regions (2 ', 2 ") of different conveying effect are carried out continuously merging into one another. Agitator according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the / each agitating blade (25) as a flat, along a helix over the full axial length of the rotor (2) extending, of at least two spokes (24.1, 24.2) of the rotor ( 2) worn, continuous or segmented strips of material is executed and that the / each stirring blade (25) seen in the blade longitudinal direction from a rotor end (2.1) to the other rotor end (2.2) changing orientation of its blade surface relative to the radial direction of the rotor (2). Agitator according to claim 12, characterized in that the / each stirring blade (25) at one end of the rotor (2.1) pointing in the radial direction of the rotor (2) orientation of its blade surface and at the other end of the rotor (2.2) to the radial direction of the rotor (2) tilted Alignment of its leaf surface has. Agitator according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the helix, along which the / each stirring blade (25) extends, seen in the direction of the axis of rotation (20) of the rotor (2) has a constant pitch screw. Agitator according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the helical line along which the / each stirring blade (25) extends, seen in the direction of the axis of rotation (20) of the rotor (2) has a changing pitch of the screw. Agitator according to claim 15, characterized in that the helix along which the / each stirring blade (25) extends, in a rotor region (2 ', 2 ") has a smaller pitch than in the other rotor portion (2", 2'). Agitator according to one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the helix along which the / each stirring blade (25) extends, a constant distance from the axis of rotation (20) of the rotor (2). Agitator according to one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the helix along which the / each agitating blade (25) extends, seen in the direction of the axis of rotation (20) of the rotor (2) changing the distance to the axis of rotation (20) of Rotor (2). Agitator according to claim 18, characterized in that the helix along which the / each stirring blade (25) extends, in a rotor region (2 ', 2 ") a smaller distance from the axis of rotation (20) of the rotor (2) than in the other rotor region (2 ", 2 '). Agitator according to one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the spokes (24.1, 24.2) are designed as conveying elements for the substrate (30) in the first rotor region (2 ') arranged first spokes (24.1) with a predominantly axial conveying action in the direction of the axis of rotation (20) of the rotor (2) and in the second rotor region (2 ") arranged second spokes (24.2) with a predominantly radial conveying action transversely to the direction of the axis of rotation (20) of the rotor (2) or with a predominantly axial conveying action against the axial conveying action of the first spokes (24.1) are executed. Agitator according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the / each rotor (2) has a continuous, end in each case a rotor bearing (22.1, 22.2) mounted rotor shaft (21) or that the / each rotor (2) has two end face side Shaft stumps (21.1, 21.2), which are each mounted in a rotor bearing (22.1, 22.2). Agitator according to claim 3 or 8 or 10, characterized in that on the container wall (31) in front of the wall-side rotor bearing (22.2) or on the container bottom (32) in front of the bottom-side rotor bearing (22.2) is arranged a fixed flow guide (36) or that at the rotor (2) in front of the wall-side or the bottom-side rotor bearing (22.2) a co-rotating flow guide (26) is arranged. Agitator according to one of claims 12 to 22, characterized in that the spokes (24.1, 24.2) are formed running straight in or bent to the radial direction of the rotor (2). Agitator according to one of claims 12 to 23, characterized in that the rotor (2) has a single agitating blade (25), that the agitating blade (25) extends over a helical angle of 360 ° or an integral multiple thereof and that the rotor ( 2) at least two the stirring blade (25) at least end face bearing spokes (24.1, 24.2). Agitator according to one of claims 12 to 23, characterized in that the rotor (2) has a number of n stirring blades (25), where n> 1, that the stirring blades (25) evenly distributed over the circumference of the rotor (2) are arranged such that each stirring blade (25) extends over a helix angle of 360 ° / n or an integer multiple thereof and that the rotor (2) per agitator blade (25) at least two spokes (24.1, 24) supporting the agitating blade (25) at least at the ends. 24.2). Agitator according to one of claims 1 to 25, characterized in that the rotor (2) axially behind the second rotor region (2 "), which has a predominantly radial conveying action transverse to the direction of rotation of the rotor (2), additionally has a third rotor region (2 "') with one of the conveying effect of the first rotor portion (2') with the predominantly axial conveying action in the direction of the axis of rotation (20) of the rotor (2) opposite predominantly axial conveying action. Agitator according to one of Claims 1 to 26, characterized in that the rotor (2) projects radially outward beyond the / each stirring blade (25). preferably with the stirring blade / the stirring blades (25) connected or one-piece, fingers (27) is provided. Agitator according to Claim 27, characterized in that the fingers (27) projecting radially outwards beyond the / each stirring blade (25) have an oblique position to the radial direction of the rotor (2) facing the working direction of rotation of the rotor (2). Agitator according to one of claims 1 to 28, characterized in that a plurality of rotors (2) in the circumferential direction of the container (3) or in the axial direction of the container (3) spaced from each other in the container (3) are arranged. Container (3) for substrates (30) to be mixed and agitated in the form of liquids or liquid-solid mixtures,
marked by
An agitator (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 29, wherein the volume of the container (3) is large in relation to the movement region occupied by the rotor (2) or rotors (2) of the agitator (1) in the container (3).

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