EP3080514A1

EP3080514A1 - Method for regulating the output of steam generators for generating power and/or providing heat

Info

Publication number: EP3080514A1
Application number: EP13811415.2A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Horst Hoffmann; Ulrich Schulze
Original assignee: RWE Power AG
Current assignee: RWE Power AG
Priority date: 2013-12-10
Filing date: 2013-12-10
Publication date: 2016-10-19
Anticipated expiration: 2033-12-10
Also published as: PL3080514T3; RS57307B1; CN105899874A; WO2015086051A1; TR201807278T4; CN105899874B; KR101739715B1; HUE038713T2; ES2670052T3; EP3080514B1; KR20160090908A

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for regulating the output of steam generators for generating power and/or providing heat while taking into consideration the use of steam and/or water-powered cleaning devices while the steam generator is being operated. The method has the step of monitoring steam generator state variables which allow direct or indirect conclusions on the effectiveness and/or the dirt-accumulation state of heating surfaces of the steam generator. The method further comprises the steps of generating an effectiveness prediction using the measured and/or ascertained state variables, generating a load prediction as a function of the power demand and/or the heat demand, generating a prediction of the expected available maximum output of the steam generator as an availability prediction and as a function of the surrounding temperature and/or the fuel quality, and determining an optimal cleaning time as a function of the effectiveness prediction. A target cleaning process which is to be initiated according to the effectiveness prediction is delayed or prevented and/or shortened or prolonged and/or intensified or weakened depending on the load prediction and the availability prediction with the condition that a specified minimum effectiveness of the heating surfaces of the steam generator is not undershot and/or a specified maximally permissible dirt accumulation of the surfaces is not exceeded.

Description

Method for regulating the capacity of steam generators for power generation and / or heat supply

The invention relates to a method for controlling the power of steam generators for power generation and / or heat supply, preferably to such steam generators, which include boilers fired with fossil or organic fuels, taking into account the use of steam and / or water-operated cleaning facilities for the

Heating surfaces of the steam generator during its operation.

The method for controlling the capacity of steam generators according to the present invention also includes the power control of steam generators with combustion plants for the combustion of residues, co-incineration of residues and for the incineration of refuse.

The method for regulating the capacity of steam generators according to the invention comprises, in particular, the power control on such steam generators, which are frequently operated in the area of maximum power. The rated output is the highest continuous electrical power (or at

Heat generators the heat output) of the steam generator

Nominal conditions (see VGB guideline RV 809). The rated capacity of a steam generator is statically determined and corresponds to the design value of the steam generator. This differs from the bottleneck performance, which is also specified as continuous performance under normal conditions and is limited by the weakest part of the investment (bottleneck) over longer periods of time. (see VGB Guideline RV 809). In the following, the terms "rated power" and "bottleneck power" are used interchangeably to denote a nominally limited electrical power.

Steam and / or water-operated cleaning devices in the sense of the present application are in particular steam blowers or

Steam lance screw blowers, eco-steam blowers, water / steam guns,

To understand water lancers and waterblowers. Usually, the radiant heating surfaces of the combustion chamber of a steam boiler are cleaned with water lance blowers during operation, with

Steam blowers and similar equipment are the Nachschaltheizflächen a boiler cleaned.

Combustion plants for fossil fuels for power generation and

Heat utilization, co-incineration of residues as well

Waste incineration plants are subject to increasing boiler pollution due to ash-forming substances in the fuel. This contamination must therefore be in operation with water and / or steam-powered

Cleaning facilities are cleaned. The steam required for cleaning is usually decoupled from the plants as process steam. If the cleaning is not carried out on time or clearly too late, deposits which i.a. on melting, sintering of deposits or chemical

Processes are attributable to permanent encrustations that the

Heat transfer and the efficiency of plants significantly deteriorate.

Depending on the nature and extent of the deposits, a mechanical /

hydraulic cleaning during a planned shutdown of the

Steam generator done. This results in some significant costs and loss of availability. In addition, unintentional discharge of larger caking, for example, on the Nachschaltheizflächen lead to mechanical damage to the boiler.

A targeted and suitable cleaning during operation of the

Steam generator is therefore essential. In this case, the polluted area in the boiler should be cleaned as precisely as possible and as needed, as both an insufficient cleaning deteriorates the condition of the system, as well as excessive cleaning. Excessive cleaning is associated with increased wear of the relevant system parts, which also not

is desirable. The steam required for the operation of the cleaning device is available

Electricity generation is not available, which is why such a steam tap is equivalent to power losses. The use of water to clean the boiler walls / radiant heating surfaces cools the boiler walls and deprives the system of heat that would otherwise be used to generate electricity or heat, so that too

Cleaning process is usually associated with a performance penalty. Since the exact determination of the polluted areas in the sense of a

Delimitation against non-polluted areas with a certain

Blurring often requires a larger area to be cleaned. In this case, clean surfaces are then irradiated with steam or water, which then cool disproportionately and disturb the steam production. The cleaning of clean heating surfaces is susceptible to wear and should be avoided as far as possible.

Finally, the use of water and steam often leads to the decline of

Live steam and reheater temperatures, which in turn

Power losses and efficiency losses entails.

A method for controlling a water lance blower, which in particular takes into account the wear problem is, for example, from

DE 10 2006 022 627 A1. Since the cleaning of the combustion chamber walls is accompanied by a certain thermal stress on the wall regions to be cleaned, DE 10 2006 022 627 A1 describes a cleaning process in which only a surface area of the steam generator bounded in terms of area and circumference is cleaned. A similar

Method is known for example from DE 281453 B5. Another

Method for controlling the operation of a water lance for cleaning a Feuerungswand is known for example from DE 41 39 838 A1.

In the known methods for the control of cleaning devices, it is mainly the goal, the boiler availability as long as possible ensure that no plant downtime occurs,

Loss of availability is connected.

With the increasing supply of electricity, the so-called

produced renewable energy sources, there are increasingly strong fluctuations in demand in the electricity market, so it is desirable, even steam generators, which usually serve the base load supply in the electricity market to operate so that as possible all load potentials of the steam generator concerned are available.

Under a steam generator in the context of the present application, a power plant block with a firing device and an associated water-steam cycle to understand. Several steam generators respectively

Power plant blocks can be combined to form a power plant.

The invention is therefore based on the object, a method for

To provide power control of steam generators, which under

Consideration of the use of steam and / or water-powered

Cleaning devices during operation of the boiler or the steam generator ensures both optimum performance and optimum efficiency of the steam generator.

An additional aspect of the invention relates to an overarching

Power control of several power generation plants with optimal consideration of the requirements for the short-term provision of control energy.

The term boiler used in the present application is used synonymously for the term "steam generator".

The object underlying the invention is achieved by a method according to claim 1 and by a method according to claim 14. Advantageous embodiments of the method emerge from the respective

Dependent claims. The method for regulating the power of steam generators for power generation and / or heat supply, taking into account the use of steam and / or water-operated cleaning devices during operation of the steam generator, comprises the following method steps:

- The monitoring of state variables of the steam generator, the

to permit direct or indirect conclusions as to the effectiveness and / or the degree of soiling of the heating surfaces of the steam generator,

- Creating an effectiveness forecast based on the measured

and / or determined state variables, - the creation of a load forecast as a function of the power requirement

and / or the heat demand of a market,

- making a forecast of the likely to be available

Maximum output of the steam generator as an availability forecast and as a function of the expected ambient temperature and / or fuel quality,

determining an optimum cleaning time as a function of the effectiveness prognosis, wherein a desired cleaning process to be initiated after the effectiveness prognosis is changed as a function of the load prognosis and / or the availability prognosis, under the

Condition that a predetermined minimum effectiveness of heating surfaces of the steam generator is not exceeded and / or a

specified maximum permissible contamination of the heating surfaces is not exceeded.

Under an effectiveness prognosis in the sense of the present application, a prognosis is to be understood such that a cleaning time and / or

Cleaning cycle is set, which is predominantly technical

Effectiveness of the heating surfaces is suitable, excessive Material wear and / or prevent an unscheduled plant downtime. For example, an effectiveness prognosis can be based on changing measured values of the temperature of the heating surfaces associated with a contamination.

A change in the desired cleaning process is in particular a

Displacement or suppression and / or shortening or lengthening and / or intensification or weakening of the cleaning process. Thus, the target cleaning process is changed to the extent that at the originally planned time the intervention in the steam generator is changed to the actual output of the steam generator in terms optimally adapted to the load forecast.

Under a load forecast within the meaning of the present invention is a forecast of a probable demand (load) to the steam generator for

Provision of electricity / heat to understand. The load forecast may be, for example, by a network operator, a redistributor, a

Energy dealer or in the control of the steam generator itself. The load forecast preferably takes into account whether and with which

Performance of steam generators taking into account the merit order

Covering the load is used.

Load forecasting and availability forecasting are preferably adapted to each other within the scope of several iterations.

Under an availability prognosis in the sense of the present invention is a prognosis over a presumably available maximum output of the

Depending on the conditions, this maximum power below or above the rated power or bottleneck performance of the

Steam generator or the relevant power plant block can be. This is based on the knowledge that the actually available

Power of a steam generator fluctuates around the rated output of the steam generator. Among other factors, especially the

Ambient temperature and the quality of the fuel greatly affect the actually available power. Above all, the ambient temperature has an influence on the cooling capacity of the cooling towers, which possibly represents a limiting factor for the utilizable output of a steam generator. At relatively low daytime temperatures, the power is greater than at high

Ambient temperature. In addition, the power is also dependent on the calorific value of the fuel used, for example, when using coal as a fuel, the performance depends on the coal quality used. A change in coal quality can be, for example, a change in the

Flue gas amount cause, in turn, with a change in the

Power requirement of the fan is accompanied and thus has an influence on the (net) performance of the steam generator.

Taking into account these circumstances, making a prognosis of the maximum available steam generator capacity under consideration makes it possible to determine the power fluctuations of the steam generator by the rated power /

Bottleneck performance around for determining a cleaning time and cleaning cycle.

With the method according to the invention is additionally a load forecast as a function of power consumption and / or heat demand as a criterion for

Determining a cleaning time and cleaning cycle is consulted, such that an optimal cleaning time determined from the point of view of effectiveness in terms of technical availability of the steam generator and / or an optionally determined optimum cleaning time is shifted in a load-dependent manner in the sense of a proportion of the surfaces to be cleaned.

Additionally or alternatively, the intensity of the cleaning process can be increased or decreased. This is based on the consideration that at peak demand in the network maximum possible power output of the boiler is desirable, so that in these time windows

cleaning caused load drop of the boiler should be avoided. The time slots available for a cleaning and / or a cleaning cycle can be used according to the invention in the sense of full load optimization as a function of

Electricity needs to be postponed or optimized. That is, for example, that an optimum cleaning time, if it falls in a phase of peak load requirements, may optionally be shifted so that this falls into a phase of lower load requirements of the steam generator, in the course of course then the electricity price, which is demand-dependent, is lower.

According to the invention, therefore, the demand-based cleaning and the resulting reduced power of the steam generator is coupled to the current power requirement and the resulting electricity price or to the current heat demand.

This is to ensure that on the one hand, the pollution does not sustainably deteriorate the process and on the other hand, the use is made so that the expected loss of power of the steam generator due to the cleaning fall into phases of lower power consumption.

In this case, a certain maximum permissible contamination should not be exceeded, so that an unscheduled shutdown of the boiler is avoided. The method described above is particularly suitable for

Application to lignite-fired boilers or steam generators, as lignite, depending on the nature of high levels of slag-forming

Contains substances and in such steam generators efficiency-optimized operation is particularly important.

As state variables of the steam generator are at least the

Heizflächentemperaturen and / or the live steam temperature of

Steam generator and / or the reheater temperatures of the

Steam generator recorded and / or measured. The Heizflächentemperaturen can, for example, to determine the state of contamination of the

Heating surfaces are used, these can be determined for example by means of the known thermal imaging. The wall temperature of the firebox can be used as an indicator of the fouling of the firebox serve. The temperature of the heating surfaces can be measured, for example, with suitable temperature sensors.

Methods for determining and monitoring furnace temperatures are described, for example, in DE 10 2006 022 627 A1 and in DE 10 2007 039 945 A1. In addition, a method for determining the Heizflächeneffektivität is described in the latter document.

In a preferred variant of the method according to the invention, it is provided that the load forecast for the steam generator is created as a function of meteorological forecast data. It is generally known that in certain weather conditions less electricity from renewable

Energy sources into the grid, so that a reliable load forecast can be made over a period of several days. In the case of the provision of heat by the steam generator, the load forecast is based on a forecasted heat demand. A load forecast need not necessarily be due to meteorological

Predictions can be made, for example, the load can be predicted due to the planned connection or disconnection of industrial electricity and / or heat consumers. For example, when starting a production plant for the production of aluminum considerable amounts of electricity are needed, so that the startup of such a system represents a predictable load case. With predicted heavy load in the power grid, a target cleaning process can be suppressed and / or mitigated and / or moved and / or shortened, with predicted light load, a target cleaning process can be brought forward and / or intensified. Under a target cleaning process in the context of the present application is a cleaning process to understand the due to the effectiveness of a given

Cleaning time is useful and desirable, but at this time is not mandatory. Such a mandatory cleaning process to a mandatory to be observed cleaning time is only such a cleaning process that falls below a predetermined Minimum effectiveness of the heating surface or when exceeding a maximum allowable contamination of the heating surface is triggered.

At a certain time of cleaning a certain cleaning cycle is traversed, which may optionally be provided, the

Not to postpone cleaning time, but to limit or extend the scope of cleaning in terms of areas to be cleaned. Optionally, the cleaning intensity can be reduced or increased, for example, by controlling the water pressure when using water lances blowers. The term of cleaning in the sense of the present application is the beginning of a cleaning cycle.

It is particularly useful when a delayed target cleaning process is intensified. That is, a Sollreinigungsvorgang, which in one

Heavy load phase of the power grid is suppressed and at a later

Time is taken, then intensified to permanent

Avoid contamination on the heating surfaces.

It is particularly advantageous if the availability forecast and the

Effectiveness forecast using neural models are created.

It is also advantageous if at least the effectiveness prognosis and the load prognosis are used as input variables in a fuzzy controller, via which the cleaning cycles are triggered and / or released.

An expected cleaning-related wear of the heating surfaces in

Dependence on the duration and the scale of a

Cleaning process can also be used as an input to the fuzzy controller.

The load forecast is preferably displayed as electricity price forecast. In the case of fuzzy control, the electricity price forecast is then used as the input variable in the fuzzy controller. With diagnostic systems, such as heat surface efficiency oriented Ru ßblas management systems or For example, infrared camera-guided cleaning systems, the technical cleaning needs and the technically optimized cleaning time is determined and the control technology for controlling the cleaning equipment

passed. The technical cleaning requirement is the need for cleaning resulting from the effectiveness prognosis, as already explained above.

Alternatively, the load forecast can be created as a heat demand forecast, for example, seasonally or depending on the connection and disconnection of industrial customers.

According to the invention load, cleaning and use planning in one

Steam generator (power plant block) assessed by a load regulator and

automated. As a load regulator, for example, a device for

electronic data processing be provided with appropriate software. In the load controller, the time and technical scope for action is determined and, for example, coupled with the price development and the demand on the electricity market. This then results in a price-optimized and demand-optimized cleaning plan, which then allows, at times with high prices on the electricity market, as possible no lower loads and the cleaning facilities in

Heading for low price phases. This will change the current current and

Heat requirement optimally taken into account. Fuel optimization can also be included in this optimization.

The proceeds / prices resulting from the electricity market or heat demand are estimated, the reasonable cleaning cycles are determined and an optimum of both criteria is sought and controlled. The control of the cleaning systems can then be done automatically by the diagnostic systems and / or control technology, or forwarded as a recommendation to the operating team, which then performs the control.

In an advantageous variant of the method according to the invention, it is provided that within a high-load phase, a desired cleaning process is shifted into a period of forecasted high availability. In addition, when planning the execution of a cleaning process is the higher maximum possible output of the steam generator considered. This is particularly advantageous if the higher maximum possible power is not already included in the availability forecast, but only at short notice due to changed parameters that are otherwise performance limiting.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the method, in particular performance-limiting factors of the steam generator are monitored and taken into account in the preparation of the availability forecast and in the current control. These are, for example, the calorific value of the fuel, the amount of live steam, live steam temperature, reheater temperature, reheater pressure, reheater amount and / or

Cooling water temperature.

It is useful if, depending on the load forecast and the

Availability Forecast A control plan for load-controlled

Power control of the steam generator is created and the steam generator is controlled by the control plan in its performance. There is thus a desired-actual control of the steam generator. The control of the power of the steam generator is possible in a conventional manner via frequency control and secondary power control behind a generator. In this case, the power control takes place via the control of electrical power, which is discharged from a steam generator downstream generator in a power grid.

Conveniently, the load forecast, availability forecast, and effectiveness forecast are made for periods of hours and days, preferably for periods between about 0 to 24 hours for the current day and between about 0 to 48 hours for the following days.

For example, the control plan can be submitted as a roadmap for the mode of operation of the steam generator in the form of a daily schedule for a subsequent day, at which then the control of the steam generator based on the Control plan is carried out, the control plan specifies the reference variables for the performance of the steam generator.

In fact, it can be provided, for example for a

Daily period or a period of 24 hours

Override the control plan every 15 minutes, depending on the requirements of the power grid.

In addition, it can be provided that the availability forecast contains additional service options and / or options for the provision of

Control energy are taken into account. Supplementary performance options are, in particular, those which at least temporarily increase the performance of the service

Steam generator allow, but may be associated with a lower efficiency of the steam generator. An example of such a supplemental performance option is the shutdown of preheaters. This will be a

Increased performance at the expense of efficiency achieved. In order to provide control energy, the power bands of the steam generator can be specified in more detail, in which the control power can be provided. The method according to the invention makes it possible to use the full load potential of a steam generator in the sense that it is also possible to dispose of a maximum power lying above the rated power / bottleneck capacity of the steam generator. In addition, the better predictability of performance allows for a narrower band of security in the performance offered. Without availability forecast, it would be necessary to set the nominal capacity of the

Steam generator to provide a certain power bandwidth as unavailable block performance and the steam generator after the

If necessary, control the load requirements of the power grid within this bandwidth. By creating an availability forecast, it is possible to have the steam generator's output above the rated output of the steam generator so that when planning a cleaning operation, the maximum possible output of the steam generator can be taken into account. Another advantage of the invention, while taking into account several steam generator and / or at least one steam generator and a system for the provision of control energy in the context of a

Balancing group management. Basically, there is a requirement

Steam generators in that they must hold a fixed part of their power as a reserve (control energy) ready, if necessary, the

To meet load demand exactly and / or to contribute to grid stability. This requirement can also be fulfilled by providing a corresponding service in the context of balancing group management.

Accordingly, a method for power control of steam generators for power generation and / or heat supply is provided in which at least one steam generator and a system for the provision of

Control energy to a virtual balancing group are summarized. In principle, the plant for the provision of control energy can be any type of energy producer that is able to provide on request a sufficient, previously defined power within a given period of time. Decisive for the suitability are therefore above all the maximum power as well as the possible starting ramp for achieving the maximum power.

In particular, the plant for the provision of control energy may be another steam generator, a pumped storage power plant or disconnectable services.

The inventive method then includes the creation of a

Load forecasting as a function of the electricity demand and / or the heat demand for the steam generator or steam generators, the generation of a prognosis for the presumably available maximum output of the steam generator (s) as

Availability forecasting, as well as the creation of a control plan in which the steam generator with the maximum power combined into the balancing group and the system for the provision of control energy with a minimum power are taken into account.

This method has the advantage that the steam generators can be driven in contrast to previously with their maximum power and none Have to provide control energy. This allows one

more economical use of the steam generator, in particular, under

Consideration of system wear as frequent load changes can be avoided.

Fluctuations in the performance of the individual steam generators are largely similar when considering several steam generators due to stochastic effects themselves or are compensated centrally by the system (s) for providing the control energy.

In particular, the control plan is prepared for future periods, for example, for periods measured by hours and days, preferably for periods between about 0 to 24 hours for the current day and between about 0 to 48 hours for the following days.

The availability forecast is preferably set up as a function of the ambient temperature and / or the fuel quality as described above, since these parameters have a considerable influence on the available power.

In the context of the method, the gross and / or

Net generator power of the steam generator or monitors monitored. It is sufficient to monitor one of the two power values, as the corresponding value of the system can be used to deduce the other value. The plant for the provision of control energy is then regulated so that it compensates for a difference in production compared to the control plan and the balancing group is thus balanced at all times.

Steam generator allow, but may be associated with a lower efficiency of the steam generator. An example of such a supplementary Performance option is the shutdown of preheaters. This will be a

Increased performance at the expense of efficiency achieved.

Supplementary performance options can be used in particular for the provision of control energy.

In the method for power control of a plurality of steam generators according to claim 14, the above-described consideration of the use of steam and / or water-operated cleaning devices during operation of the steam generator can be used in particular. In this respect, reference is made to the previous description.

The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 shows a performance diagram of a steam generator over a period of 24 hours, plotting the maximum possible electrical output of the steam generator as gross output; electric power of the generator as gross power, the electric power of the steam generator as net power and the control plan for the period concerned, hereinafter referred to as the timetable,

Figure 2 is a block diagram of a control and forecast of the

Steam generator,

3 shows an example of a control plan or schedule over several days, the electric power is plotted against a time scale and Figure 4 shows the representation of the electrical power of a steam generator over a period of 16 hours, the maximum possible gross capacity of the steam generator, the maximum possible Power of the steam generator minus the for

Cleaning services required and the after Control of the steam generator actually called

Gross generator power is shown.

In the following, the term "gross generator output" and "net generator output" refers to the gross generator output that refers to the electrical power at the terminals of the generator that is available as electrical power. The net generator power is the power that is actually fed into an electrical grid. The difference between

Net generator power and gross generator power is the power that is diverted to the operation of the steam generator itself before the electrical grid. The control of the steam generator is usually based on the gross generator power on the basis of existing data, which can be closed to the net generator power back.

The rated output of the steam generator is the nominal electrical output for which the steam generator is designed. The maximum possible electrical power is the power that the steam generator is able to actually perform depending on the outside temperature or ambient temperature and the fuel quality and the effectiveness of the heating surfaces. If the heating surfaces are cleaned during operation of the steam generator, the actual maximum possible power during the cleaning process falls, for example, for a steam generator with a nominal electrical capacity of 300 MW (megawatt) by about 15 to 30 MW, depending on the type

Cleaning process.

The cleaning can, for example, the cleaning of the arranged in a furnace each opposite a cleaning device

Radiant heating by means of one or more Wasserlanzenbläser comprises. It is high pressure water through the firebox on the

applied opposite Radiantheizfläche, so that there about intended attachments or caking are solved. As cleaning of the heating surfaces in the context of the present application, the cleaning of the so-called Nachschaltheizflächen of the steam generator can be provided by means of so-called Ru ßbläser. These cleaning operations are performed during the operation of the steam generator, which is generally known.

The example described below is based on a device for controlling a steam generator with a lignite dust firing

described. The steam generator or power plant block has a rated output of 300 MW.

In Figure 1 are plotted over a past period of 24 hours, the maximum gross power of the power plant block (steam generator P _M B), the actual generator power gross P _G B, the actual generator power net PQN and the control plan or schedule of scheduled power grid for the power PDI _S P _O -

From Figure 1 it can be seen that the maximum possible power P _M B of

Steam generator significantly greater than the actual scheduled capacity according to schedule (P _D is _P o) -

Furthermore, it can be seen from FIG. 1 that a cleaning of the steam generator took place approximately between 1. 3 o'clock and 1 6 o'clock as well as approximately between 9 o'clock and 0 o'clock, which is accompanied by a drop in the net generator output P _G N.

Structure and structure of the controller according to the invention will now be explained with reference to the block diagram shown in Figure 2. In the block diagram, the power plant block or steam generator is denoted by 1, meaning the physically existing power plant block. The power plant block 1 comprises a furnace or boiler with a water-steam cycle and at least one steam-operated generator, which feeds electrical current into the power network designated 2. The control of the

Power plant block 1 via the 3 schematically illustrated Power plant control technology over which the load control and the control of cleaning devices 4 takes place. The power plant control system 3 is preceded by a virtual power plant block 5 in the form of a virtual plant model. The virtual power plant block includes the virtual mapping of all physical measurement. Monitoring and diagnostic facilities for the

State variables of the power plant block 1 as well as the mapping of the block load and the illustration of the control of the cleaning devices 4.

The data from the power plant control device 3 and the virtual

Power plant block 5 are combined in a database 6, which communicates with a load controller / optimizer 7. The load controller 7 is designed as a software-based neural system with at least one fuzzy controller and comprises a web-based user interface. In this load regulator go the

Input values in the form of measured values and setpoints from the

Power plant control technology, effectiveness, grades, efficiencies and

Plant characteristics and consumption from the virtual power plant block 6, which also maps the diagnostic systems of the power plant block 1. By doing

Load controller 7, the effectiveness forecast, the load forecast and the

Availability forecast generated as optimized strength and optimized cleaning control. The load forecast as well as the

Availability forecast will be based on data from the

Power Plant Planning 9, which considers weather data and anticipated market requirements. Furthermore, the load controller 7 creates an availability forecast 8 or resistance prediction, which in turn is taken into account in the power plant deployment planning 9, as a result of the availability forecast 8 and load requirements 10 of the electricity market, a roadmap 1 1 is created in the form of a control plan in the power plant 3 as Reference variable for the control of the

Power plant block 1 is taken into account.

The monitoring of the state variables of the steam generator or the power plant block 1 via the diagnostic devices whose

Diagnostic data are mapped in the virtual power plant block 5 and stored in the database 6. Based on these data is in the load controller. 7 an effectiveness prognosis is created, on the basis of the effectiveness prognosis a target cleaning time is determined. Taking into account a load forecast as a function of the electricity demand and possibly taking into account a maximum power of the steam generator which is expected to be available

Control commands for the control of the cleaning devices 4 generated. In this way it is possible to determine and initiate the optimal cleaning time and cleaning intensity depending on the load requirements 10 of the market. In addition, an availability prognosis 8 or loadability prognosis can be created by the load controller 7, which is taken into account for the creation of an optimized schedule 1 1, wherein the optimized schedule 1 1 an optimized strength of

Considered power plant block 1, as shown for example in the following with reference to FIG 4 graphically. FIG. 4 shows a diagram that approximately corresponds to the diagram shown in FIG. 1, where the maximum possible gross power P _M B of the power plant block 1, the maximum possible power output P _M B of the power plant block 1, is shown

Gross power of power plant block 1 after soot blasting PMBR, the gross generator PGB and the disposable power PDI _S P _O are plotted according to the control plan or timetable 1 1. The shaded area shows the gained load potential considering the maximum availability of the

Power plant block 1, the shaded areas between P _M B and P _M BR

illustrate the gained load potential by the appropriate

Control of cleaning equipment.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

PMB maximum possible gross electrical output of the steam generator PGB Generator gross output

PGN generator power net

Püispo control plan / timetable

PMBR Maximum gross power of the steam generator after soot blows

1 power plant block

2 power grid

3 power plant control technology

4 cleaning device

5 Virtual power plant block

6 database

7 load controller

8 Availability Forecast

9 Power Plant Planning

10 load request

1 1 timetable

Claims

Claims:

1 . Method for regulating the power of steam generators for

Power generation and / or heat supply taking into account the use of steam and / or water-powered

Cleaning devices during operation of the steam generator, comprising:

- The monitoring of state variables of the steam generator, the

to permit direct or indirect conclusions as to the effectiveness and / or the state of soiling of heating surfaces of the steam generator,

- Creating an effectiveness forecast based on the measured

and / or determined state variables,

- Creating a load forecast as a function of the power requirement

and / or the heat demand,

- making a forecast for the expected available

Maximum output of the steam generator as an availability forecast and as a function of the ambient temperature and / or the fuel quality,

determining an optimal cleaning time as a function of the effectiveness prognosis, wherein depending on the load prognosis and / or the availability prognosis, a desired cleaning process to be initiated according to the effectiveness prognosis is changed under the conditions that a predetermined minimum effectiveness of the heating surfaces of the steam generator is not undershot and / or one specified maximum permissible contamination of the heating surfaces is not exceeded.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that shifted to be initiated according to the effectiveness forecast target cleaning process or suppressed and / or shortened or lengthened and / or intensified or weakened.

Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least the heating surface temperature and / or the live steam temperature and / or the reheater temperature of the steam generator are detected and / or measured as state variables.

Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the load forecast for the steam generator as a function of

meteorological forecast data is created.

Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at predicted heavy load a target cleaning process is suppressed or shifted and / or attenuated and / or shortened and that at predicted low load, a desired cleaning process is preferred and / or intensified.

Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a delayed target cleaning operation is intensified.

Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the load forecast, the availability forecast and the

Effectiveness forecast using neural models are created.

A method according to claim 7, characterized in that at least the effectiveness prognosis and the load prognosis are used as input variables in a fuzzy controller with which the cleaning operations are controlled.

A method according to claim 8, characterized in that expected cleaning-related wear of the heating surfaces of the steam generator in dependence on the duration and the surface extent of a Cleaning process is used as input in the fuzzy controller.

10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the load forecast is shown as electricity price forecast and, preferably, that the electricity price forecast is used as an input variable in the fuzzy controller.

1 1. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that within a heavy load phase, a desired cleaning operation in a

Period of predicted high availability of the steam generator is postponed.

12. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, depending on the load forecast and the availability forecast, a control plan for the load-controlled power control of

Steam generator is created and that the steam generator is regulated by the control plan in its performance. 13. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the load forecast, the availability forecast and the

Effectiveness forecast for hours and / or days

Periods are created, preferably for about 0 to 24 hours and / or 0 to 48 hours.

14. Method for regulating the power of steam generators for

Power generation and / or heat supply, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one steam generator and a system for providing control energy to a virtual

Balancing group are summarized,

full:

- Creating a load forecast as a function of the power requirement

and / or the heat demand for the steam generator (s), - making a forecast for the expected available

Maximum output of the steam generator (s) as

Availability forecast and preferably as a function of

Ambient temperature and / or fuel quality,

where a control plan summarized the balancing group steam generator with the maximum power and the facility for

Provide control energy with minimal power

considered.

A method according to claim 14, characterized in that the gross and / or net generator power of the steam generator or is monitored and the plant for providing control energy is controlled so that it is a difference of the generation compared to

Balancing control plan.

A method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that as a system for providing control energy a disconnectable load and / or a plant for power generation, in particular a

Steam generator or a gas power plant is used.

Method according to one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that in the availability forecast additional power options and / or control energy options are taken into account, preferably, that the supplementary power options based on temporary shutdown of individual performance-reducing components.