EP3077474A1 - Methode de fracturation de roches - Google Patents
Methode de fracturation de rochesInfo
- Publication number
- EP3077474A1 EP3077474A1 EP14825368.5A EP14825368A EP3077474A1 EP 3077474 A1 EP3077474 A1 EP 3077474A1 EP 14825368 A EP14825368 A EP 14825368A EP 3077474 A1 EP3077474 A1 EP 3077474A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fluid
- volume
- carbon dioxide
- fracturing
- solid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical group C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 108010053481 Antifreeze Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/62—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
- C09K8/64—Oil-based compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/62—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/62—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
- C09K8/70—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures characterised by their form or by the form of their components, e.g. foams
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/164—Injecting CO2 or carbonated water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/2605—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures using gas or liquefied gas
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of fracturing of underground rocks, in particular using alternative methods to hydraulic fracturing.
- the fracturing fluid pressure (eg 200,000 to 600,000 hPa, two hundred to six hundred times the atmospheric pressure, typically beyond 400,000 hPa for depths beyond 3000m) must exceed the natural stress pressure of the rock in order to be able to fracture the rock (or at least exceed the lowest of the three directional components along the y axis and natural stress pressures).
- the stress field can be anisotropic, ie the stress in one direction greatly exceeds the stresses in the other 2 directions.
- fracturing fluid composed of a liquefied gas (for example, C0 2 which liquid up to about +31 ° C at fracturing pressures) and liquid hydrocarbons (e.g. US 2009/0260828).
- a liquefied gas for example, C0 2 which liquid up to about +31 ° C at fracturing pressures
- liquid hydrocarbons e.g. US 2009/0260828,
- the present invention improves the situation.
- the present invention proposes to reduce locally the natural stresses applied to the rocks by effectively cooling them and thus to have the opportunity to propagate the fracturing in several planes.
- the present invention thus aims a method of fracturing rock of a subsoil.
- the method comprises injecting a fracturing fluid into a well.
- the fluid comprises:
- the injection of the fluid can be carried out at pressures higher than the lowest of the three constraints of the subsoil
- the method may further comprise:
- said temperature can be -60 ° C for the liquid phase of the fluid.
- the fluid temperature may be as low as possible while ensuring that the liquid carbon dioxide remains liquid at the desired fracture pressures.
- the temperature of the liquid-solid phase change of C0 2 is Tii q-SO i for these pressures , then the temperature of the fluid can be maintained at a temperature slightly lower than this temperature Tii q-SO i (from 1 to 1 0 ° C), to reinforce the fracturing.
- the addition of liquefied hydrocarbon gases may make it possible to lower the phase change temperature of the solid-liquid C0 2 ("anti-freeze" effect) and thus obtain a fluid comprising stable liquid and solid C0 2. for temperatures close to the classical C0 2 melting point.
- the temperature of the liquid phase of the fluid can thus be less than Tii q-SO i as long as the liquid phase remains liquid.
- the volume proportion of carbon dioxide in solid form can be adjusted so that the injected fluid has a density greater than 1,200 kg / m 3 .
- the density of the solid carbon dioxide is 1562 kg / m 3 at a temperature of -78.5 ° C and a pressure of 1000 hPa (or about 1 bar).
- a high volume density of the fluid makes it possible to increase the hydrostatic effect of the fluid column in the well on the fluid pressure within the zone to be fractured and thus limit the energy required for pumping and pressurizing the fluid.
- fluid to be injected on the surface The volume proportion of carbon dioxide in solid form, and / or carbon dioxide in solid form being in block form, at least one dimension of said blocks can be adjusted so that the fluid has a dynamic viscosity greater than 50 mPa. s.
- This high viscosity may allow the fluid to effectively transport the proppant (or "proppant” in English, eg silica grain or ceramic ball).
- the volume proportion of the solid carbon dioxide in the fluid By increasing the volume proportion of the solid carbon dioxide in the fluid, it is often possible to increase the overall dynamic viscosity of the fluid at a given temperature.
- the carbon dioxide in solid form is in the form of block / ball / particle / roller, the dimensions of these blocks can influence experimentally the viscosity.
- the volume proportion of these blocks increases linearly in the fluid, the viscosity can increase exponentially.
- the fluid may comprise:
- FIG. 1 illustrates a possible example of fracturing in one embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 1 shows a vertical well 101 drilled in a basement (represented by the cube 100).
- This well comprises a completion 104 allowing the injection of fracturing fluid in the subsoil.
- any fracturing will tend to generate fractures102 in a direction perpendicular to the direction less stress (ie, fractures in the x direction.
- thermoelastic effect of the rock By injecting a liquid / cold gas during the fracturing, a contraction of the rock can be caused and thus the stresses that applied to the rock can be reduced overall. This effect is called the "thermoelastic" effect of the rock.
- Fracturing thus has the opportunity to be propagated in a direction perpendicular to the initial direction (bifurcation). If the injection of any gas / liquid can produce this effect, all possibilities are not preferred because of their inherent constraints / defects (mentioned above).
- the preferred fracturing fluid is a fluid of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) liquid, solid carbon dioxide (or dry ice) and liquid hydrocarbons (at targeted fracture pressures).
- This fluid is advantageously at a temperature close to -60 ° C.
- the fluid may comprise (by volume) 25% of solid CO 2 , 50% of liquid CO 2 and 25% of liquefied hydrocarbon gas.
- This fluid is predominantly liquid for pressures above 40,000 hPa and at a temperature of - 60 ° C.
- solid C0 2 in the fracturing fluid can significantly increase the "heat capacity” or "heat capacity” of the fluid in order to be able to maintain a large temperature difference between fluid and rock when pumping into the well, and thus amplify the thermal fracturing effect.
- the volume thermal capacity of the fluid can then be substantially increased, making it easy to transfer heat from the fluid to the rock.
- the solid C0 2 can thus absorb the heat received by the injection fluid during the descent or in the formation, up to its fusion energy.
- the size or shape of the solid C0 2 blocks / particles can thus be adapted to ensure an exchange surface between the solid C0 2 and the liquid sufficient to absorb the heat as it is collected by the injection fluid.
- the injection fluid can absorb heat without increasing the temperature of the fluid.
- solid CO 2 can make it possible to increase the density of the fluid and thus to benefit from a hydrostatic pressure at the level of the higher completion 104.
- This density can be adjusted as needed by adjusting the volume or mass ratio of solid C0 2 in the fluid.
- the density of the fluid can thus be greater than that of the water (or a fluid containing helium or nitrogen), creating a significant hydrostatic column in the well (height h).
- solid CO 2 can make it possible to increase the viscosity of the fluid, thus facilitating the transport of the proppant useful for effective stimulation by fracturing the subsoil.
- This viscosity can be adjusted according to the needs by adjusting the volume or mass ratio of the solid CO 2 in the fluid and / or by changing the size of the particles / rolls of CO 2 solid in the fluid. If the viscosity of the liquid C0 2 is low (0.2 mPa.s), the addition of solid C0 2 and hydrocarbons can substantially increase the viscosity of the fluid.
- the liquefied hydrocarbon gas may be LNG (or liquefied natural gas), LPG (or liquefied petroleum gas).
- This fluid is non-damaging to the rock and the C0 2 has a propensity to replace the methane possibly trapped in the rock.
- the well 101 of Figure 1 may be an oblique well or a horizontal well.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1362262A FR3014476A1 (fr) | 2013-12-06 | 2013-12-06 | Methode de fracturation de roches |
| PCT/FR2014/052578 WO2015082783A1 (fr) | 2013-12-06 | 2014-10-10 | Methode de fracturation de roches |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3077474A1 true EP3077474A1 (fr) | 2016-10-12 |
Family
ID=50424452
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP14825368.5A Withdrawn EP3077474A1 (fr) | 2013-12-06 | 2014-10-10 | Methode de fracturation de roches |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20160312107A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP3077474A1 (fr) |
| AR (1) | AR098356A1 (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2014359054A1 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2932687A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3014476A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2015082783A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10273791B2 (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2019-04-30 | General Electric Company | Control system for a CO2 fracking system and related system and method |
| CN107327291B (zh) * | 2017-06-29 | 2019-05-14 | 重庆大学 | 一种确定二氧化碳相变致裂煤层增渗最佳布孔方式的方法 |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8513638D0 (en) * | 1985-05-30 | 1985-07-03 | Canadian Ind | Emulsion systems |
| CA1268325A (fr) * | 1987-11-13 | 1990-05-01 | Loree, Dwight N. | Procede de fracturation pour les couches a faible permeabilite, utilisant un melange compatible d'hydrocarbures et de dioxyde de carbone liquide |
| US7726404B2 (en) * | 2008-04-16 | 2010-06-01 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Use of carbon-dioxide-based fracturing fluids |
-
2013
- 2013-12-06 FR FR1362262A patent/FR3014476A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2014
- 2014-10-10 US US15/102,196 patent/US20160312107A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-10-10 AU AU2014359054A patent/AU2014359054A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-10-10 CA CA2932687A patent/CA2932687A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2014-10-10 WO PCT/FR2014/052578 patent/WO2015082783A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2014-10-10 EP EP14825368.5A patent/EP3077474A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-11-10 AR ARP140104210A patent/AR098356A1/es unknown
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| None * |
| See also references of WO2015082783A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AR098356A1 (es) | 2016-05-26 |
| WO2015082783A1 (fr) | 2015-06-11 |
| CA2932687A1 (fr) | 2015-06-11 |
| AU2014359054A1 (en) | 2016-06-23 |
| FR3014476A1 (fr) | 2015-06-12 |
| US20160312107A1 (en) | 2016-10-27 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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