EP3061872A1 - Device for securing, in particular renovating, a foundation for wind power plants, and a foundation and a method for renovation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a securing device (100) for additionally securing a foundation (1), which has a foundation component (6) installed in a concrete body (2) for receiving a structure (14), in particular a tower of a wind energy plant, wherein the safety Device (100) at least one securing body (102, 104, 106) having a fastening portion (108, 110, 112) and a support portion (114, 116, 118). The attachment portion (108, 110, 112) is according to the invention for attaching the securing body (102, 104, 106) to the foundation fixture (6) and the support portion (114, 116, 118) for introducing foundation forces in one of the foundation fixture (6) Section (23) of the concrete body (2) is formed. The invention further relates to a foundation and a method.

Description

The invention relates to a securing device for additionally securing a foundation, which has a built-in concrete body foundation fixture for receiving the structure, in particular a tower of a wind turbine (WEA). The invention further relates to a foundation for such a structure, in particular a tower of a wind turbine with a concrete body and a built-in concrete body foundation fixture, which has a substantially cylindrical body on which extends at least one annular flange, which serves as axial anchoring of the foundation component in the concrete body is used, wherein the foundation component is installed with its central axis substantially vertically aligned. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for securing a foundation for a building, in particular a tower of a wind turbine.

The demand for the construction of wind turbines is increasing steadily, not least due to the so-called energy transition. Both the tower heights and the performance of the wind turbines are steadily increasing, which also increases the requirements for foundations. The foundations not only have to absorb the heavy weight, but also withstand dynamic loads in particular. The force attack by the wind takes place at the hub height of the wind turbine and generates a moment at the base of the tower. This moment has to be absorbed by the foundation. At the same time, this moment varies with rotations of the turbine, causing a vibratory load in the foundation.

Conventional foundations for wind turbines have a foundation component, which is cast in a concrete body. The foundation component is usually made of steel and the concrete is reinforced by steel reinforcements. The foundation mounting part generally has a substantially cylindrical or tubular base body, on which two annular flanges extend axially spaced from each other. Both annular flanges are installed in the concrete body, in such a way that the central axis of the cylindrical body is oriented substantially vertically. An upper end of the foundation component lies above the surface and has a connection flange. The tower of the wind energy plant is flanged to this connection flange. As a rule, a reinforcement cage is provided between the two annular flanges externally around the foundation fixture. The lower annular flange then serves to initiate the occurring moments (esp. On the windward side) as compressive forces upwards in the concrete body, and the upper annular flange is supported from above on the underlying portion of the concrete. A usual stress situation is in Fig. 1 shown.

Due to this installation and the described load, various problems arise. A known problem, which is directly related to the installation, is due to the shrinkage of the concrete during setting. Each concrete undergoes a set, albeit small, shrinkage, so that it can come in the axial direction along the foundation fixture between the two annular flanges to chambers or columns. As a result, both the lower annular flange no longer sufficiently upwards and the upper annular flange can no longer sufficiently supported down. As a result, the foundation fixture is equipped with a slight play, resulting in movement of the entire structure under load.

Further known problems are cracking due to fatigue, which is favored in part by faulty installation (formation of cavities) or incorrect execution of concrete joints.

To remedy such errors, various concepts are already known. For example, von Bosse in the magazine "Renewable Energies", February 2009, pages 24 to 30 , proposed to raise the entire structure including the foundation fixture by means of hydraulic presses, and to support the upper annular flange with a swellable quick-setting concrete replacement system. Cavities should be backfilled with synthetic resins, which can be compressed with high pressure at low viscosity into very fine cavities. The disadvantage of this, however, is that Such concrete replacement systems are usually based on expansion by gas bubble inclusions, whereby such material has only low compressive strength, and is not durable. Although the use of such a material can achieve a short-term improvement in the situation, this is generally not permanent.

A similar renovation concept is known by the company Vestas Wind System A / S. From this, a three-stage procedure is proposed depending on the type of damage. First, oblique injection bores are provided to the foundation fixture both radially outwardly and radially within the foundation fixture to inject concrete to the lower flange. Partially, this is exposed radially outside the upper flange, and the concrete is completely replaced. Finally, in addition to the upper annular flange, this further supporting, between the lower surface of the annular flange and the concrete body hydraulic presses are provided for lifting the tower, but keep only during the repair period, the foundation component including building in position and later expanded after backfilling with concrete again , However, these are very complicated procedures, which additionally weaken the concrete body by introducing the injection holes.

Furthermore, all known remediation concepts have in common that they can only be used or used when the damage has already occurred. Prophylactically, these concepts can hardly or not at all implement.

Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a safety device, a foundation and a method of the aforementioned type, which can be used both prophylactically and for the restoration of broken foundations and provide a durable, cost-effective solution for securing the rehabilitation of a foundation of a building , It should be dispensed in particular to additional introduction of concrete or concrete replacement.

In a safety device of the type mentioned for additional securing a foundation, the object is achieved by the features of claim 1, ie in particular by at least one fuse body with a mounting portion and a support portion, wherein the mounting portion is formed for attachment of the fuse body to the foundation fixture and the Supporting section for introducing foundation forces is formed in a portion of the concrete body remote from the foundation fixture.

The invention is based on the finding that a foundation can be additionally secured by the fact that foundation forces are introduced into areas that are not or only slightly loaded by the foundation component itself. It has been found that the area of the concrete body is the most heavily loaded, which extends in the axial direction Oberbeziehungsweise below the annular flanges of the foundation component or directly adjacent. In contrast, areas that lie away from the foundation component are often essentially unloaded. Therefore, such sections of the concrete body offer to additionally introduce at least a portion of the foundation forces in this.

As a remote portion of the concrete body according to the invention, a section is understood, which extends around the foundation fitting around, preferably radially outwardly, and axially adjacent to any annular flanges or other anchoring elements present on the foundation fixture. Preferably, the removed portion is about 10 cm to 80 cm, preferably 30 cm to 60 cm, more preferably about 40 cm in the radial direction of an annular flange or other anchoring element of the foundation component. A diameter of the removed region is preferably about 1.3 to 2.5 times, in particular 1.5 to 2.0 times, particularly preferably about 1.7 times the diameter of the foundation component. This dimension may also depend on the exact dimension of a reinforcement in the concrete that is to receive support forces.

Particularly preferably, the securing device is used as a refurbishment device for refurbishing a damaged foundation. If the above-described damage has already occurred in the case of a foundation and, for example, cavities or gaps have formed axially adjacent to the annular flanges of the foundation component, the securing device according to the invention is preferably used for refurbishing such a foundation. The support section preferably serves for introducing foundation forces into a section of the concrete body which is remote from the foundation component and which is intact. An intact section of the concrete body is understood to mean a section which has no or no significant signs of fatigue and in which no faulty concrete joints or cracks are present.

The invention is not limited to use in wind turbines, although it can be used here particularly advantageously and economically. Rather, a securing device according to the invention for additional securing a foundation, similar even in similar stress situations Foundations having a built-in concrete body foundation fixture, are used. Structures affixed to such a foundation fixture include, but are not limited to, machinery, in particular folding machines, large machinery, presses, power poles, transmission towers, bridge piers, building piers, and the like. Particularly advantageous is the use of the securing device for dynamically loaded foundations. The concrete body is preferably designed as a reinforced concrete body and adapted to receive foundation forces. Also preferred are other types of concrete, such as prestressed concrete, fiber reinforced concrete, textile concrete, reaction concrete and the like.

In a first preferred embodiment, a maximum outer diameter of the securing body is greater than a maximum outer diameter of the foundation component. Preferably, a maximum outer diameter of the securing body is greater than a maximum outer diameter of an upper annular flange or another anchoring element of the foundation component. Preferably, the maximum outer diameter of the securing body is at least 5%, at least 10%, at least 15%, at least 20% larger than the maximum outer diameter of the foundation component.

In a further preferred embodiment, the securing body is designed as a ring segment, in particular as a half, third, or quarter ring segment. This embodiment is particularly preferred when the foundation fixture has a cylindrical basic shape. In the case of a rectangular foundation fitting, correspondingly angular securing bodies are preferably provided. The same applies to foundation components, which have a basic polygon shape, such as hexagonal or octagonal, in which also correspondingly angular securing body are provided. If the fuse body is designed as a ring segment, assembly is considerably simplified. For example, the fuse body is designed as a half-ring segment. In such a case, two securing bodies are preferably used for the securing device according to the invention in order to jointly form a complete ring, which is externally peripherally fastened to the foundation component by means of the fastening portion of the securing body.

Preferably, the fuse body is substantially planar. Preferably, the fuse body is formed from sheet metal, in particular sheet steel. This is a particularly easy way to make the fuse body. For example, a steel sheet with 50 mm thickness is preferred. This provides sufficient strength to Secure foundations in wind turbines. Depending on the size of the foundation and the structure attached to the lost property as well as the nature of the forces to be absorbed, other sheet thicknesses may also be preferred. If the fuse body is substantially flat, its manufacture, as well as its transport and assembly, are considerably simplified. As a result, costs compared to conventional backup or renovation concepts can be reduced.

In a preferred embodiment, the attachment portion has a first plurality of through holes for receiving fastening means for fastening the securing body to the foundation fixture. Preferably, the fastening means are designed as fastening screws. This is a particularly simple and subsequently without much effort to be attached mounting option for the fuse body. This makes it possible to provide on the foundation fixture corresponding fastening means, in particular threaded holes. Fixing screws provide a degree of elasticity which, upon introduction of foundation forces by means of the securing body, is advantageous from the foundation fitting into a portion of the concrete body remote from the foundation fitting. It may also be preferable to attach the fuse body to the foundation fixture by means of a welded joint, but a welded joint has the disadvantage of weld distortion of the material, which may be detrimental to dynamic loading.

In a preferred variant it is provided that at least one stiffening strut is arranged on the securing body, which has a contact portion which is adapted to come into contact with a section of a foundation fixture and / or a structure arranged thereon. The arrangement of the stiffening strut on the fuse body and its contact with a portion of a foundation component and / or a building arranged thereon creates a stiffening effect for the fuse body. The stiffening strut is preferably designed to support the securing body in order to at least partially accommodate introduced foundation forces. The stiffening effect is achieved by the arrangement of at least one stiffening strut per fuse body, which additionally absorbs the forces by the system on a foundation fixture and / or a structure arranged thereon. It can be avoided accidental "bending up" of the fuse body. The contact section preferably comes into contact with an outer circumference of a flange, for example a connection flange of the foundation component. Such a flange portion is due to its radial extent particularly for Support and absorption of forces suitable. Preferably, two or more, in particular five or more stiffening struts are arranged on a securing body. It is preferred to provide the stiffening struts so as to be substantially equidistant from each other. Preferably, the stiffening strut extends in an installed state substantially vertically upward from the fuse body.

In a further preferred embodiment, the stiffening strut is designed as a gusset plate, which extends substantially perpendicular to a planar extension of the securing body. The gusset plate is fixed to the fuse body, preferably by a cohesive connection, such as a welded joint. The gusset plate is preferably made of steel, preferably formed from a steel sheet. The surfaces of the gusset plate can be designed as closed or at least partially open surfaces with recesses and / or openings. Partially open areas have the advantage of lower weight and material savings.

In a further particularly preferred embodiment it is provided that the support portion of the fuse body has at least one receiving device for a support device. The support means is preferably for supporting the securing body on the removed portion of the concrete body and for biasing the securing body in a vertical direction. The support means may be integrally provided on the support portion of the fuse body, or be reversibly detachably connected thereto. By means of the support means a particularly preferred coupling of the support portion is achieved with the concrete body. Furthermore, by means of the support means, a targeted bias of the support portion in the vertical direction, that is, a tensile force on the foundation component vertically upwards, ie out of the concrete body, reach. This is preferred to press a lower annular flange or other lower anchoring element with its axially upwardly facing surface against a portion of the concrete body so as to reduce backlash and achieve force introduction into the concrete body, while reducing movability of the foundation fixture relative to the concrete body. As a result, the safety of the foundation is improved overall, and achieved a permanent attachment.

In a preferred development, the receiving device for the support device on a second plurality of through holes. The second plurality

Through holes serve in particular to at least partially receive the support means, so as to produce a non-positive and / or positive connection between the support means and the support portion of the fuse body.

Furthermore, it is preferred that in a safety device described above with at least one stiffening strut, the contact portion has a support means. The support means on the contact portion of the stiffening strut and the support means, which is arranged on the receiving device of the support body, may be identical or similar and in particular be designed according to one of the following aspects.

In a preferred variant, the support device has at least one pressure screw with a ball plate. Preferably, the through holes of the receiving device are provided with internal threads to receive the pressure screw. The ball plate of the pressure screw is preferably supported directly on the concrete body. In order to reduce a surface pressure, it can be provided that one or more additional pressure pieces are provided between the ball plate and the concrete body. Such pressure pieces may be formed, for example, as a metal sheet, in particular steel sheet or the like, and serve to reduce the surface pressure, so as to avoid damage to the concrete body as far as possible. Through the ball plate is always a flat support on the concrete body or the pressure piece achieved. A ball plate can compensate for certain inclinations, which is particularly advantageous for a dynamic load on the foundation.

Additionally or alternatively, the support means comprises at least one hard rubber body. Such a hard rubber body preferably extends flat over the entire support portion of the fuse body. The hard rubber body is adapted to rest on the concrete body in the portion remote from the foundation fixture. An axial thickness of the hard rubber body may be selected to load the foundation fixture in a vertical upward direction, thereby pressing a lower annular flange or an anchoring element located distally beneath the ground in the concrete body with its upwardly directed surface against a portion of the concrete body. A hard rubber body also has the advantage that it allows low movements due to the elasticity and at the same time has a vibration-damping effect. It is avoided too large surface pressure on the concrete body, and at the same time a seal against water ingress can be realized. Further, a hard rubber body is a low-cost component, whereby the securing device can be produced overall cost.

Furthermore, it is preferred that the support means alternatively or additionally comprises at least one spring element, in particular a plate spring. Preferably, the support means comprises a plurality of disc springs. By means of disc springs in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner, a bias in the vertical direction of the fuse body and thus the foundation fixture can be achieved.

In addition, it is preferred that the support device additionally or alternatively has at least one hydraulic cylinder. Preferably, the support means comprises a plurality of hydraulic cylinders. By means of hydraulic cylinders, a bias in the vertical direction is particularly easy to adjust. A hydraulic supply for the hydraulic cylinders can be accommodated, for example, inside the tower shaft of the wind energy plant. By means of hydraulic cylinders can also be provided a subsequent adjustment of the bias voltage at the onset of subsidence or the like.

It is further preferred that the support means additionally or alternatively comprises a vibration damper. As vibration damper, for example, those can be used which are available under the brand Schwingmetall® from the company ContiTech AG, Hannover. Such vibration dampers can be connected in a simple manner with the support portion of the fuse body by means of a screw connection, are inexpensive and designed for such loads.

In a preferred development, the support means additionally or alternatively on at least one machine base. Also machine feet are designed for such loads and also have damping properties. They can be arranged in an advantageous manner in the support section in order to achieve a connection of the fuse body to the concrete body.

In a further preferred embodiment, the support means additionally or alternatively on at least one clamping wedge pair. Such a pair of clamping wedges preferably consists of two clamping wedges which, in cross-section, have a shape which corresponds to a right-angled triangle and abut one another with their sides which define the hypotenuse. By means of a clamping device, such as a clamping screw, the two clamping wedges are braced against each other and displaceable, so that two side surfaces of the clamping wedge pair, which extend substantially parallel to the clamping direction, are movable away from each other. If the clamping wedge pair is provided on the securing body such that one of the surfaces cooperates with the supporting portion and the other surface bears against the concrete body, a pressing force can be applied by means of the clamping wedges so as to load the foundation fitting in a vertical direction. This is a machine-technically simple solution, which also allows readjustment or readjustment and also offers a cost-effective alternative to hydraulic cylinders.

In an alternative development, the support section of the securing body is designed to rest directly on the section of the concrete body remote from the foundation fixture. Immediately here means that no further intermediate element such as a support device is provided. The securing body lies with its support portion directly on the concrete body, it being accepted that impurities or elements of a surface pretreatment, such as potting compound, are present on the concrete body. Depending on the application and such an embodiment of the securing device is preferred and particularly inexpensive to implement.

The above object is achieved in a further aspect of the invention in a foundation of the type mentioned by a remediation device having the features of at least one of the above-described preferred embodiments of a securing device according to the first aspect of the invention. With regard to the advantages and preferred embodiments, reference is made in full to the above description.

The foundation component preferably has at least two annular flanges arranged axially spaced from one another. Preferably, the concrete body further comprises a steel reinforcement, at least axially between the two annular flanges. This achieves a good anchoring. Instead of annular flanges and other anchoring elements may be provided, for example, interrupted flanges, which are also taken under the concept of the annular flange.

In a first preferred embodiment of the foundation, the foundation member axially spaced at least two annular flanges on the base body, and the securing body is at the upper of the two annular flanges attached. As a result, a particularly good backup of the foundation is achieved. The upper annular flange of the foundation fixture is substantially loaded from its downwardly facing surface. It is usually arranged close to the surface and covered only with a comparatively thin layer of concrete, which also generally has no reinforcement. The lower annular flange, however, is poured below the ground in the concrete body and spaced about 1 to 2 meters from the upper ring flange. The lower annular flange is loaded substantially from its upper surface. Over the upper surface of the lower ring flange a reinforcement is usually arranged. For this reason, it is much easier to attach the fuse body to the upper ring flange. On the other hand, a fastening of the securing body to the upper annular flange is also to be loaded in a simpler manner, namely by being supported by the supporting section on a surface of the concrete body. An installation of the fuse body in the concrete body is not required. It may be an additional cover, in particular to protect the connection between the foundation component and the fuse body, be provided, but this is not mandatory.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the foundation, the upper annular flange has a plurality of threaded bores for receiving fastening screws. By means of these threaded holes of the fuse body can be fastened via the attachment portion to the foundation fixture. Blind holes are particularly preferred because they can provide some protection against water penetration and thus contribute to a permanent solution. Furthermore, blind holes are easier to insert than through holes, as less material must be machined and otherwise there is a risk that the used boring machine is damaged by the underlying concrete.

According to a preferred embodiment of the foundation, at least one thrust piece for transmitting foundation forces from the support portion into the concrete body is provided between the support portion and the concrete body. Such a pressure piece is preferably formed as a metal plate, in particular steel plate, to avoid or reduce a surface pressure between the support portion and the concrete body.

Preferably, the pressure piece is fastened by means of a potting compound substantially horizontally aligned to the concrete body in the portion of the concrete body remote from the foundation fixture. As casting compound can be any kind of suitable Potting compound, such as a resin used. This can cause an advantageous introduction of supporting forces in the concrete body.

According to a third aspect of the invention, the object mentioned at the outset in a method of the type mentioned above for securing a foundation for a building, in particular a tower of a wind turbine, with a concrete body and a built-in concrete body foundation fixture, which has a base body to which extending at least one annular flange, which serves as an axial anchoring of the foundation component in the concrete body, and the foundation fixture is installed with its central axis substantially vertically aligned, solved by the step: supporting the foundation fixture on a remote from the foundation fixture portion of the concrete body. The main body is preferably formed substantially cylindrical.

It should be understood that the securing device according to the first aspect of the invention as well as the foundation according to the second aspect of the invention and the method according to the third aspect of the invention have a plurality of common aspects and preferred embodiments as set forth in particular in the subclaims , In this respect, reference is made in full to the above description and the advantages presented therein. In addition, by supporting the foundation fixture on a portion of the concrete body remote from the foundation fixture, improved securement is achieved and lasting durability of the foundation is achieved. The term "removed portion" is understood as defined above.

The method is particularly preferably designed as a refurbishment method for refurbishing a defective foundation. If the foundation has damage, as explained at the outset, these damages can be advantageously remedied by means of the method according to the invention. It is not necessary to introduce additional concrete or concrete substitutes for closing cracks or cavities; the necessary stability is achieved by supporting the foundation component on the section of the concrete body remote from the foundation component. As a result, a refurbishment is much easier and subsequently feasible without much effort.

According to a first preferred embodiment of the method, the method comprises the step of fastening a securing device according to one of the above-described preferred embodiments of a securing device according to the invention first aspect of the invention. The securing device is preferably fastened to the upper annular flange of the foundation component. The step of supporting the foundation fixture on a portion of the concrete body remote from the foundation fixture is preferably effected by means of the fixture according to the first aspect of the invention.

In a further preferred embodiment of the method, wherein at least two annular flanges extend axially spaced from the main body, the method comprises the step of: pressing the upper surface of the lower annular flange against a portion of the concrete body. As a result, a particularly good securing of the foundation is achieved and causes a continuous contact between the upper surface of the lower annular flange and the concrete body. This leads to a good introduction of force into the concrete body, and a movement of the foundation component relative to the concrete body is avoided. Preferably, this step is effected by means of the support means described above. It is therefore no longer necessary to raise the foundation component additional (expanding) concrete or concrete replacement via holes under the lower annular flange, but the foundation component is raised "from above" by means of the securing device according to the invention and so the contact between the lower annular flange and the concrete body (re) produced.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the method, this has the step: clamping the foundation component in a vertical upward direction. This also ensures a particularly good assurance, and reduces any cavities or gaps above the lower annular flange. In addition, the load on the annular flanges or other anchoring elements is at least partially reduced.

It is further preferred that the method comprises at least one of the following steps: exposing an upper surface of the upper annular flange; Inserting a plurality of threaded holes in the upper surface of the upper annular flange; Pressing by means of a support device against the support portion for bracing the foundation component; Arranging at least one pressure piece on a surface of the portion of the concrete body remote from the foundation component.

Fig. 1

einen schematischen Querschnitt durch ein Fundament mit einem darin angeordneten Turm einer Windenergieanlage gemäß Stand der Technik mit typischen Defekten;

Fig. 2

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Fundamenteinbauteils samt Sicherungsvorrichtung gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung;

Fig.3 3

eine Draufsicht auf einen Sicherungskörper gemäß dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung;

Fig.4

ein Detail der Schnittdarstellung eines Fundamenteinbauteils mit daran angeordneter Sicherungsvorrichtung gemäß dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel;

Fig.5

eine Schnittdarstellung durch ein Fundamenteinbauteil mit einer daran angeordneten Sicherungsvorrichtung gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel;

Fig. 6

eine Schnittdarstellung eines Fundamenteinbauteils mit daran angeordneter Sicherungsvorrichtung gemäß einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel;

Fig. 7

eine Schnittdarstellung eines Fundamenteinbauteils mit daran angeordneter Sicherungsvorrichtung und eingezeichneten Anpresskräften;

Fig. 8

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Fundamenteinbauteils mit einer daran angeordneten Sicherungsvorrichtung gemäß einem vierten Ausführungsbeispiel;

Fig. 9

eine perspektivische Schnittdarstellung des Fundamenteinbauteils samt Sicherungsvorrichtung aus Figur 8; und

Fig. 10

ein Detail aus Figur 9.

In the following, the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying figures. Showing:

Fig. 1

a schematic cross section through a foundation with a tower arranged therein a wind turbine of the prior art with typical defects;

Fig. 2

a perspective view of a foundation component including securing device according to a first embodiment of the invention;

3

a plan view of a fuse body according to the first embodiment of the invention;

Figure 4

a detail of the sectional view of a foundation component with arranged thereon safety device according to the first embodiment;

Figure 5

a sectional view through a foundation fixture with a securing device arranged thereon according to a second embodiment;

Fig. 6

a sectional view of a foundation fixture with arranged thereon securing device according to a third embodiment;

Fig. 7

a sectional view of a foundation component with arranged thereon securing device and indicated contact forces;

Fig. 8

a perspective view of a foundation component with a securing device arranged thereon according to a fourth embodiment;

Fig. 9

a perspective sectional view of the foundation component including security device FIG. 8 ; and

Fig. 10

a detail from FIG. 9 ,

Regarding Fig. 1 is a foundation 1 shown in cross section. In Fig. 1 the typical loads on such a foundation 1 are shown. The foundation 1 has a concrete body 2, which is formed on the ground 4. On the Soil is a layer of cleanliness. In the concrete body 2, a foundation fitting 6 is installed. The foundation fitting 6 is formed substantially rotationally symmetric about a central axis A around. For this purpose, the foundation fitting 6 has a cylindrical main body 8 and a connecting flange 10, to which a tower 14 of a wind energy plant (not shown) is flanged by means of a corresponding counter flange 12. Arranged within the concrete body 2, the foundation component 6 has two ring flanges 16, 18 extending axially spaced from one another and forming anchoring elements of the foundation component in the concrete body 2. The annular flanges 16, 18 each have an upper surface 16a, 18a and a lower surface 16b, 18b. The two annular flanges 16, 18 extend both externally and internally on the base body. 8

As in further Fig. 1 can be seen, a steel reinforcement (only schematically indicated) is provided both between the two annular flanges 16, 18 in the vertical direction and below the lower annular flange 18. As a result, the concrete body 2 has a steel-reinforced portion 20 and a cover layer 22, also referred to as a concrete, which extends in the vertical direction from the upper annular flange 16 to the surface 24. This cover layer 22 is only conditionally suitable for accommodating foundation forces.

In Fig. 1 Furthermore, the main wind direction is indicated and represented by the arrow 26. This is in terms of Fig. 1 from the left. As a result, in the with respect to Fig. 1 left section of the tower 14, a tensile force 28 introduced, whereas on the side facing away from the wind direction of the tower 14, a compressive force 30 is introduced. Because of this, on the lower surface 16b of the upper flange on the leeward side of the foundation fixture 6, there is a highly stressed pressure contact between the surface 16b and the corresponding portion of the concrete body portion 20 and a less pressurized area between the upper surface 18a of the lower annular flange on the On the upper annular flange 16 also loads the entire mass of the connected to the foundation fixture 6 structure. If cracks 32 now form in the area of the annular flanges 16, 18 in the concrete body 2, gaps and air bubbles can cause voids between the surfaces 16a, 16b because in some cases the concrete was not completely brought under the upper annular flange 16 in the manufacture of the foundation 1 , 18a, 18b and the concrete body 2, whereby the stability of the foundation is reduced overall, and the Foundation fitting 6 can move relative to the concrete body 2. As a result, the tower 14 can move, which carries risks. The upper cracks 32 extend both through the tower side and the tower outside through the concrete to the surface and are caused by the movement of the upper flange 16. The lower cracks 32 are not visible when installed and emerge downwards out of the foundation floor. They are caused by the load transfer the lower flange 18.

The known securing methods or remediation methods aim to fill the cavities present due to the cracks 32 with a filling material, such as a reactive concrete, or to replace the concrete in this area.

The invention will be described with reference to FIGS FIGS. 2 to 7 described. According to Fig. 2 is a foundation fitting 6 is shown in a perspective view, which essentially according to the foundation component according to Fig. 1 equivalent. The foundation fitting 6 according to Fig. 2 has a substantially cylindrical or tubular base body 8, on which two annular flanges 16, 18 extend, wherein from the upper annular flange 16 only the inwardly projecting part can be seen. At the upper end of the foundation fitting 6, a connection flange 10 is further provided, which has a plurality of through holes 11, so that a tower 14 of a wind turbine (see. Fig. 1 ) is attachable to the foundation fitting 6.

At the foundation fitting 6 a securing device 100 is attached. The securing device 100 is for additionally securing a foundation 1, such as in FIG Fig. 1 illustrated, which has a built-in concrete body 2 foundation component 6 for receiving a structure, in particular a tower 14 of a wind turbine, formed. The safety device 100 according to this exemplary embodiment has three safety bodies 102, 104, 106. Each of the fuse bodies 102, 104, 106 has a mounting portion 108, 110, 112 (see also FIG Fig. 3 ) and a support portion 114, 116, 118. By means of the fastening portion 108, 110, 112, the securing bodies 102, 104, 106 are secured against an upper surface 16a of the upper annular flange 16 (in FIG Fig. 2 hidden) attached. For this purpose, the fastening section 108, 110, 112 of the securing bodies 102, 104, 106 each have a plurality of through holes 120 (only in FIG Fig. 3 provided with reference numerals), which are provided at equal intervals to each other, and which serve to receive screws.

As already out Fig. 2 is recognizable, and in relation to the Fig. 4 to 7 will be described in more detail, the support portion 114, 116, 118 of the fuse body 102, 104, 106 is formed for introducing foundation forces in a portion of the concrete body remote from the foundation component 6. This is realized according to this embodiment, characterized in that in the mounted state, the support portion 114, 116, 118 of the fuse body 102, 104, 106 extends radially outward than a radially outer end of the upper annular flange 16. As a result, the support portion 114, 116, 118 of the fuse body 102, 104, 106 radially further away from the central axis A than the outermost point of the upper annular flange 16, which on the foundation member 6 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis A acting moments can be recorded improved.

According to this exemplary embodiment, the securing bodies 102, 104, 106 are essentially part-ring-shaped, here as third rings. In other embodiments, quarter or half rings may also be provided. The partial ring shape is preferred in this embodiment, since the foundation fitting 6 has a substantially cylindrical basic structure. In other foundation fixtures having, for example, a rectangular basic structure, other shapes are preferred for the fuse body 102, 104, 106.

The support sections 114, 116, 118 of the securing bodies 102, 104, 106 each have a receiving device 122 for receiving a support device. The receptacle 122 is formed as a second plurality of through holes according to this embodiment, and will be described with reference to FIG Fig. 4 be described in more detail. In Fig. 2 the receiving device 122 is already shown with a supporting device 124 disposed therein. Each fuse body 102, 104, 106 has according to this embodiment, a plurality of support means 124, wherein in Fig. 2 only one is provided with reference numerals.

In the sectional view in Fig. 4 the connection between the securing device 100 and the foundation fitting 6 can be seen in detail. For a total overview is on FIG. 7 referred to, which will be described below. In Fig. 4 is the referring to Fig. 1 right upper portion of the foundation fixture 6. Radially outside the foundation fixture 6 and above the upper annular flange 16, the portion 22 of the concrete body 2 has been removed, so that the portion 20 is exposed. Inside the foundation fitting 6, the section 22 is still present. By removing the portion 22 radially outward of the foundation fitting 6, the upper surface becomes 16a of the upper annular flange 16 exposed. On this surface 16 a, the securing device 100 is attached. For this purpose, the attachment portion 108 rests on the surface 16a. In a through hole 120 in the mounting portion 108 of the fuse body 102, a fastening screw 126 is guided, which is screwed into a threaded blind hole 128 in the annular flange 16. The screw 126 is formed according to this embodiment as an M24 screw and can accommodate a load of 22 kN. S are further screws not shown, according to this embodiment, a total of 15 each fuse body 102, 104, 106. There is a certain overlap between the mounting portion 108 and the surface 16a provided so that the screw 126 is substantially loaded to train and experiences no moments ,

How to continue Fig. 4 can be seen, the support portion 114 projects beyond a radially outer end 17 of the annular flange 16 also. The support portion 114 is disposed vertically above a portion 23 of the concrete body 2 remote from the foundation fixture. The portion 23, which extends radially outward of the end 17 of the foundation fixture 6, is substantially free of foundation forces and also free of any cracks or the like prior to attachment of the security device 100. It is an intact portion of the concrete body 2. Therefore, this section 23 is particularly suitable to accommodate foundation forces, either in which the securing device 100 is prophylactically attached to the foundation component 6, or subsequently, by way of a renovation of the foundation 1. Der Supporting portion 114 according to this embodiment has approximately a radial extent corresponding to the radial extent of the annular flange 16 radially outside of the main body 8. Thus, a support radially outside the main body 8 by the securing device 100 is approximately doubled. A force F acting on the fuse body 102 is also in Fig. 4 marked (see also so far Fig. 7 ).

In addition, for better introduction of forces in the sections 23, the securing device 100 according to this exemplary embodiment has a support device 124 which is arranged in a receptacle 122 provided for this purpose for the support section 114. The support means 124 is formed according to this embodiment as a pressure screw 130 which extends through a through hole and has a ball plate 132 at the foot end. There are a total of 15 such pressure screws per fuse body 102, 104, 106 are provided in the FIGS. 4 and 6 However, only one is shown in each case (see also Figures 2 and 7 ). The ball plate 132 is on a pressure piece 134, which according to this embodiment additionally in the section 23rd is provided and secured there with a potting compound 136. By the pressure piece 134, a bearing force of the ball plate 132 is introduced surface into the section 23, and a surface pressure of the ball plate 132 directly on the concrete of the section 23 is avoided. In addition, the pressure piece 134 has a flat support surface for the ball plate 132. The screw 130 is additionally provided with a lock nut 138 to prevent unintentional release of the support means 124. The support means 124 may be used after attachment of the securing device 100 so that a certain bias is applied. By means of the support means 124, it is possible to at least partially lift the foundation fixture 6 and to align it vertically if necessary. Furthermore, by means of the support means 124, a possibility is created, an upper surface 18a (in Fig. 4 not shown) of the lower annular flange 18 to press against a portion of the concrete body to make a contact, without filling of cracks with additional concrete or concrete replacement.

The FIGS. 5 and 6 show variants of the securing device 100, which is attached to a foundation fitting 6. In the following, the differences are essentially dealt with, and according to the first exemplary embodiment according to FIG Fig. 4 the same and similar elements are provided with the same reference numerals. In this respect, the full scope of the above description of the first embodiment ( Fig. 4 ).

Essentially, the embodiments differ according to the FIGS. 5 and 6 from the in Fig. 4 in that the securing body 102 does not bear directly on the upper surface 16a of the annular flange 16, but is spaced therefrom vertically, in the direction of the central axis A. This has the advantage that the section 22 of the concrete body 2 only has to be partially removed, namely only substantially vertically above the surface 16a. For coupling between the mounting portion 108 of the fuse body 102, a support block 140 is provided, which can be provided as a push rod or also as a partial ring segment, corresponding to the shape of the fuse body 102. The support block 140 transmits a pressing force from the attachment portion 108 to the surface 16 a. For attachment, in turn, a screw 126 is provided which extends through a through hole in the mounting portion 108 and is screwed into a threaded blind hole 128 in the annular flange 16. An additional positive or cohesive connection between support block 140 and mounting portion 108 and / or annular flange 16 is not required, although in individual embodiments, the support block 140 may be integrally attached to the fuse body 102, 104, 106. According to the embodiment of Fig. 6 is in the support portion 114 of the fuse body 102 in turn provided a support means 124 which is identical to the support means 124 according to the embodiment of Fig. 4 is trained. In this respect, reference is made to the above description.

In the embodiment according to Fig. 5 If no supporting device is provided, but the support section 114 of the securing body 102 lies directly on a surface of the section 23 of the concrete body 2. Depending on the nature of the surface of the portion 23 and the forces to be absorbed, this embodiment may be preferred, as this additional elements are avoided. A bias can be done in such a case by the screw 126, since due to the pressure piece 140, a planar concern of the mounting portion 108 on the surface 16 a is not required. By means of the screw 126 in the embodiment of Fig. 5 Therefore, a lifting of the foundation fitting 6 and thus pressing an upper surface 18a of the lower annular flange 18 against the concrete body 2 can also be achieved.

Fig. 7 again illustrates the biasing of the securing device 100 by means of the support means 124. In Fig. 7 is a full section through a foundation 1 and a built-in foundation insert 6 is shown. The securing device 100 is corresponding to that according to the first embodiment Fig. 4 formed. The support device 124 is in Fig. 7 biased so that a compressive force F _{D is applied} by means of the support device 124 on the portion 23 of the concrete body 2. Thereby, the foundation fitting 6 with respect to Fig. 7 pulled upward so that the upper surface 18 a of the lower annular flange 18 is pressed against a portion 21 of the concrete body 2. This is indicated by the flange force F ₁₈ . Now the tower, as in Fig. 1 shown, lifting of the upper surface 18a is avoided by the portion 21 of the concrete body 2, whereby the stability is increased.

According to the Fig. 8 to 10 a fourth embodiment of the invention is shown. The same and similar elements are denoted by the same reference numerals as in the first three embodiments. In this respect, reference is made in full to the above description of the first three embodiments.

The foundation fitting 6 according to the FIGS. 8 and 9 corresponds essentially to the foundation fitting 6 according to Fig. 1 and 2 , The foundation fitting 6 according to 8 and 9 has a substantially cylindrical or tubular base body 8, on which two annular flanges 16, 18 extend, wherein from the upper annular flange 16 only the inwardly projecting part can be seen. At the upper end of the foundation fitting 6, a connection flange 10 is further provided, which has a plurality of through holes 11, so that a tower 14 of a wind turbine (see. Fig. 1 ) is attachable to the foundation fitting 6.

The support sections 114, 116, 118 of the securing bodies 102, 104, 106 each have a receiving device 122 for receiving a support device. The receiving device 122 is formed according to this embodiment as a second plurality of through holes. In addition, the fuse bodies 102, 104, 106 have a plurality of stiffening struts, which are here designed as gusset plates 190 (in FIG 8 and 9 only one provided with reference numerals), whereby a deformation of the fuse body 102, 104, 106 and thus an unwanted "sagging" of the foundation component 6 counteracted. According to this embodiment ( Fig. 8 to 10 ), five gusset plates 190 are respectively arranged on each securing body 102, 104, 106, so that the securing device 100 has a total of 15 gusset plates 190. For a detailing is on Fig. 10 referred to, which will be described below.

According to Fig. 10 is a detail of the upper portion of a foundation component 6 with its connecting flange 10 and upper annular flange 16 and the securing device 100 according to the fourth embodiment shown in a perspective view. Further shows Fig. 10 three gusset plates 190 which extend perpendicular to a flat extension of the fuse body 102 and are arranged thereon. The gusset plates 190 are welded in the web joint by a double fillet 192 on the fuse body 102, 104, 106 attached. The gusset plates 190 each have a contact portion 194, with which they are in contact with the connection flange 10 of the foundation component 6. The contact portion 194 further comprises a support means 196, which is formed according to this embodiment as a pressure screw 198 with a ball plate 200. For this purpose, there is preferably an internal thread in the upper region of the gusset plate. The pressure screw 198 is screwed through this internal thread in order to realize a non-positive connection between the connection flange 10 and the stiffening strut with the screw base and a suitable ball plate 200. By the pressure screw 198 is the possibility of realizing an axial bias of the safety body 102, 104, 106 via an adjustment of the inclination of the corresponding node plate 190 to the axis A. The support means 196 is substantially is formed according to the support means 124 and insofar reference is made to the above description of the support means 124. Although in this embodiment ( Fig. 8 to 10 Support means 124 are provided on the support portion 114, 116, 118, it should be understood that this is not absolutely necessary, but the support portion 114, 116, 118 also according to the third embodiment ( Fig. 4 ) may be formed.

Claims (15)

Securing device (100) for additionally securing a foundation (1) which has a foundation component (6) installed in a concrete body (2) for receiving a building (14), in particular a tower of a wind energy plant, wherein the safety device (100 ) has at least one securing body (102, 104, 106) with a fastening section (108, 110, 112) and a support section (114, 116, 118),
wherein the fixing portion (108, 110, 112) for fixing the securing body (102, 104, 106) is formed on the foundation fitting (6) and
the support section (114, 116, 118) is designed to introduce foundation forces into a section (23) of the concrete body (2) remote from the foundation fixture (6). The device of claim 1, wherein a maximum outer diameter of the securing device (100) is greater than a maximum outer diameter of the foundation component (6). Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the securing body (102, 104, 106) as a ring segment, in particular half, third or quarter ring segment, and preferably substantially flat. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the attachment portion (108, 110, 112) has a first plurality of through holes (120) for receiving fastening means for securing the securing body (102, 104, 106) to the foundation fixture (6). Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein on the securing body (102, 104, 106) at least one stiffening strut is arranged, which has a contact portion (194) which is adapted to a portion of a foundation component and / or a structure arranged therein Plant to come. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the support portion (114, 116, 118) of the fuse body (102, 104, 106) at least a receiving device (122) for a support device (124), wherein the receiving device (122) preferably has a second plurality of through holes. Apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the stiffening strut contact portion (194) comprises at least one support means (196). Apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the support means (124, 196) comprises at least one pressure screw (130) with a ball plate (132). Device according to at least one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the support means (124, 196) comprises at least one of the following: a hard rubber body; - A spring element, in particular a plate spring; a hydraulic cylinder; - a vibration vapors; - a machine base; and or - a clamping wedge pair. Device according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, wherein the support portion (114, 116, 118) of the securing body (102, 104, 106) is formed directly on the section (23) of the concrete body (2) remote from the foundation component (6) ). Foundation (1) for a structure (14), in particular a tower of a wind turbine, comprising: a concrete body (2), and a foundation fixture (6) installed in the concrete body (2), which has a base body (8) on which extends at least one annular flange (16, 18) serving as axial anchoring of the foundation fixture (6) in the concrete body (2) wherein the foundation fitting (6) is installed with its central axis (A) substantially vertically aligned, characterized by a securing device (100) according to one of claims 1 to 10. Foundation according to claim 11, wherein between the support portion (114, 116, 118) and the concrete body (2) at least one pressure piece (134) for the transmission of Foundation forces of the support portion (114, 116, 118) is provided in the concrete body (2), which preferably by means of a potting compound (136) substantially horizontally aligned to the concrete body (2) in the section (23) removed from the foundation component (6). is attached. Method for securing a foundation (1) for a building (14), in particular a tower of a wind turbine, comprising: a concrete body (2), and a foundation fixture (6) installed in the concrete body (2), which has a base body (8) on which extends at least one annular flange (16, 18) serving as axial anchoring of the foundation fixture (6) in the concrete body (2) and the foundation fixture (6) is installed with its central axis (A) substantially vertically aligned, comprising the step: - Supporting the foundation fixture (6) on a from the foundation fixture (6) remote section (23) of the concrete body (2). The method of claim 13, wherein axially spaced at least two annular flanges (16, 18) on the base body (8) extend, comprising the step: - Pressing the upper surface (18 a) of the lower annular flange (18) against a portion (21) of the concrete body (2). Method according to one of claims 13 to 14, wherein axially at least two annular flanges (16, 18) on the base body (8) extend, comprising at least one of the steps: - Bracing the foundation insert (6) in a vertical upward direction. - exposing an upper surface (16a) of the upper annular flange (16); - Inserting a plurality of threaded holes (128) in the upper surface (16 a) of the upper annular flange (16); - Pressing by means of a support means (124) against the support portion (114, 116, 118) for bracing the foundation insert (6); - Arranging at least one pressure piece (134) on a surface of the base of the component (6) remote portion (23) of the concrete body (2).

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