EP3055873A1 - Sectionneur a pouvoir d'etablissement et de coupure ameliores - Google Patents
Sectionneur a pouvoir d'etablissement et de coupure amelioresInfo
- Publication number
- EP3055873A1 EP3055873A1 EP14781550.0A EP14781550A EP3055873A1 EP 3055873 A1 EP3055873 A1 EP 3055873A1 EP 14781550 A EP14781550 A EP 14781550A EP 3055873 A1 EP3055873 A1 EP 3055873A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contact
- arc
- arcing contact
- disconnector
- insulating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
- H01H1/36—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by sliding
- H01H1/38—Plug-and-socket contacts
- H01H1/385—Contact arrangements for high voltage gas blast circuit breakers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H31/26—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch
- H01H31/32—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch with rectilinearly-movable contact
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
- H01H33/7023—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by an insulating tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
- H01H33/7076—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by the use of special materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
- H01H2033/888—Deflection of hot gasses and arcing products
Definitions
- the invention relates to high voltage disconnectors of substations in metal casing or PSEM (in English "Gas Insulated Substations").
- Such stations include busbars (in English "busbars") having one or more conductive elements.
- Bar bus disconnectors (busbar disconnectors) provide load transfer between the different busbars. Such disconnectors are for example in stations with two busbars.
- the invention relates more particularly to the disconnectors provided for carrying out bar transfer operations, whose function, for example, is to isolate one busbar from another in anticipation of technical interventions or to vary the distribution of the loads. on a network.
- a disconnector has traditionally permanent contacts through which the current flows in the closed position of said disconnector and arc contacts connected in parallel with the permanent contacts.
- the permanent contacts separate first, leaving the current go through the arc contacts that then separate.
- the arcing contacts meet first in a closing maneuver. In either case, the arcing contacts undergo arcing. Their material is chosen to undergo minimal ablation during the entire period of holding the arc between them.
- the switching speed of the disconnectors is relatively slow and the extinction of the arc occurs when the current crosses at zero when its length is sufficient to create a sufficiently high arc voltage and when the dielectric conditions Insulation gas at this time is favorable to withstand the voltage restored between the contacts.
- Test values to be applied to the disconnectors to validate the bar transfer cut-off conditions are currently defined in IEC 62271-102. Until now, the maximum current under test for such disconnectors is limited to 1600 A which corresponds to a proportion of the values of the permanent current flowing in the busbars.
- the standard is expected to evolve soon and the maximum current under test will be increased to 80% of the permanent current without the limitation to 1600 A existing until then.
- the increase in the value of the current also results in an increase in the restored voltage because of the impedance of the loop in which said current flows.
- the object of the invention is therefore to propose an efficient and economical solution for improving the performance of bar transfer disconnectors.
- the invention thus relates to a disconnector having a fixed arcing contact and a movable arcing contact, an insulating nozzle enclosing a portion of a first arcing contact of the arcing contact and the arcing contact. mobile so that when an electric arc is formed during an opening or closing operation of the disconnector, the insulating nozzle is in contact with the electric arc and undergoes ablation by the electric arc.
- the insulating nozzle according to the invention advantageously makes it possible, on the one hand, to force the elongation of the electric arc between the arcing contacts and, on the other hand, to maintain a material chosen to undergo ablation close to the arc. in contact with the arc and such that, during this ablation, a portion of the heating caused by the electric arc is used as latent heat of vaporization of the nozzle insulating material, resulting in cooling of the breaking zone and resulting in a local increase in pressure. These phenomena are favorable to the extinction of the arc.
- the first arcing contact is of hollow cylindrical shape and comprises a bottom, a tubular portion and an end opposite the bottom, the insulating nozzle enveloping at least a portion of the tubular portion and having a radial portion disposed facing -vis of said end of the first arcing contact, the side of the second arcing contact.
- the insulating nozzle is interposed between the fixed arc contact and the movable arcing contact during an opening or closing operation of the disconnector. This maximizes the contact between the arc and the insulating nozzle, thus promoting the extinction of the arc.
- the insulating nozzle has a U-shaped section, through which an opening is formed, the second arc contact being provided:
- the insulating nozzle may be made of fluorinated polymer material or fluorinated copolymer.
- the insulating nozzle is made of pure fluorinated polymer material or pure fluorinated copolymer or material comprising 70 ⁇ 6 minimum by weight of fluoropolymer.
- the insulating nozzle is made of at least 70% by weight of fluorinated polymer to which at least one solid filler of oxide, of sulphide, of nitride or of calcium, for example of the MoS 2, SiO 2 BN type, or CaF2.
- the insulating nozzle is made of at least 70% by weight of a fluorinated polymer to which is added at least one sulphide type filler such as molybdenum bi sulphide MoS2 of 10 to 30%, solid oxide such as silica SiO 2 from 10 to 30%, nitride such as BN boron nitride from 10 to 30%, calcium such as calcium fluoride CaF 2 from 10 to 30%.
- a fluorinated polymer to which is added at least one sulphide type filler such as molybdenum bi sulphide MoS2 of 10 to 30%, solid oxide such as silica SiO 2 from 10 to 30%, nitride such as BN boron nitride from 10 to 30%, calcium such as calcium fluoride CaF 2 from 10 to 30%.
- the charge introduced into the polymer makes it possible to increase the UV absorption coefficient created by the plasma of the electric arc.
- the direct effect is an increase in pressure by vaporization of a larger amount of
- a screen is mounted on the second movable arc contact, an insulating pad of this screen being mounted against one end the second arcing contact disposed on the side of the first arcing contact, the patch being arranged to contact and extend the length of the electric arc.
- the insulating screen can further force the elongation of the electric arc between the arcing contacts and increase the portion of the arc in contact with a material to be eroded.
- the insulating pellet may be made of fluorinated polymer material or fluorinated copolymer.
- the insulating pellet is made of a pure fluorinated polymer material or pure fluorinated copolymer or material comprising at least 70% by weight of fluoropolymer.
- a fluoropolymer or copolymer screen will degrade into components that are favorable to maintaining a good dielectric strength in a cut-off zone.
- the insulating pellet is made of polymer or copolymer of PTFE (TefIon®), PFA or FEP type.
- the insulating screen is made of at least 70% by weight of fluoropolymer to which is added at least one solid material of sulfide, oxide, nitride or calcium type such as MoS2, SiO2, BN or CaF2.
- the insulating nozzle and the second arcing contact delimit a confined chamber promoting the rise in pressure and extinction of the electric arc by blowing.
- the first arc contact described above is the fixed arc contact and the second arc contact is the moving arc contact, i.e. that the fixed arc contact is in the form of a hollow cylinder and the movable arc contact is rod-shaped of a dimension such that it can be housed in an internal chamber of the fixed arc contact.
- the first arcing contact described above is the moving arcing contact and the second arcing contact is the fixed arcing contact, i.e. that is, the fixed arc contact is in the form of a rod around which the moving arc contact is placed.
- the invention also relates to a metal-enclosed station (PSEM) comprising a disconnector as described above.
- PSEM metal-enclosed station
- FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the disconnector according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of disconnector according to the invention
- FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of the disconnector according to the invention.
- Figures 4A and 4B show two possible embodiments of the end of an arc contact.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a disconnector 10 in the closed position.
- the disconnector 10 comprises two electrodes 11 and 11 'between which is a breaking chamber 12.
- the disconnector 10 comprises a fixed arcing contact 20, fixed permanent contacts 21, a movable arcing contact 22, a movable permanent contact 23 and an insulating connecting rod 27.
- the disconnector 10 further comprises an insulating nozzle 24 (or a insulating cover 24) and an insulating screen 25 which will be described in detail below.
- the elements 20 to 25 are here coaxial with respect to a longitudinal direction X.
- the fixed arc contact 20 is in the form of a hollow cylinder delimiting an internal chamber 26.
- the contact 20 extends from a fixed bottom surface 29 to an end 30. end 30 through an opening 31.
- the insulating nozzle 24 externally covers the fixed arcing contact 20.
- the insulating nozzle 24 has a radial portion 24a which here covers the end 30 and defines an opening 32 vis-à-vis the opening 31.
- the nozzle 24 has a U-shaped section through which an opening 32 is formed.
- An annular volume 13 which is a part of the breaking chamber 12, is delimited between the electrode 11 and the nozzle 24.
- the movable permanent contact 23 is a conductive part here of cylindrical shape.
- the contact 23 is mounted on the insulating rod 27, itself connected to a control system for opening and closing (not shown) of the disconnector 10.
- the contact 23 has an intermediate wall 23a on which the movable arc contact is mounted. 22 (described below).
- the contact 23 has a hollow cylindrical end 23b. When the disconnector 10 is in the closed position, the end 23b is intended to be housed in the volume 13 by wrapping the nozzle 24 and being in electrical connection with the permanent contacts 21.
- the movable arcing contact 22 is here a pin of generally elongated shape, flared at its end 22a opposite to the wall 23a.
- the contact 22 has a housing 33 over part of its length from the end 22a.
- the insulating screen 25 is here a generally elongate form plug.
- the screen 25 comprises a rod 25a and an end pad 25b.
- the pellet 25b is transverse to the rod 25a so that the screen has a T-section.
- the rod 25a is intended to be completely housed in the housing 33.
- the pellet 25b is generally circular in shape and is intended to come flat against the end 22a of the movable arcing contact 22.
- the maximum outer diameter of the pellet 25b and that of the movable arcing contact 22 are smaller than the diameter of the opening 32.
- the outer diameter of the end 22a of the contact 22 is greater than the inside diameter of the opening. 31.
- the movable arcing contact 22 is here worked at its end 22a giving it an elastic property.
- the end 22a comprises for example but not limited to slots not shown.
- the materials of the insulating nozzle 24 and of the insulating shield 25 are chosen from fluorinated polymers or copolymers such as, for example, PTFE (TefIon®), PFA, FEP and may be supplemented with one or more minority materials such as MoS2, SiO2, BN, CaF2, etc.
- PTFE TefIon®
- PFA PFA
- FEP FEP
- one or more minority materials such as MoS2, SiO2, BN, CaF2, etc.
- the vaporization of PTFE is increased by the presence of the SiO 2 filler and part of these materials recombines in the form of CF 4, a gas having good arc extinction properties, according to the formula following: (C2F4) n + SiO2 + energy -> CF4 + CO2 + Si.
- the end 22a and the end 30 are in the breaking chamber 12 at a distance from each other sufficient for in the event that the arc is extinguished, it does not recover under the breaking conditions dictated by the new standard.
- the permanent contacts 21 and 23 separate first.
- the current then passes through the arcing contacts 20 and 22.
- the disconnector 10 continues to open under the action of the insulative rod 27.
- an electric arc is created. between them.
- the moving arcing contact 22 then continues its withdrawal movement in solidarity with the part 23 until the disconnector 10 reaches its open position.
- the path of the electric arc is disturbed by the nozzle 24 and the screen 25 which form baffles.
- the minimum path that the arc can travel is greater than the distance in direct line between the contact 20 and the contact 22.
- the arc is thus forced to follow an insulating material over part of its length.
- the nature of the materials composing the insulating nozzle 24 and the insulating screen 25 and the charges contained in the materials will favor their ablation by the arc.
- the use of the latent heat of change of state during the vaporization of the materials has the effect of cooling the electric arc and thus to promote its extinction.
- the creation of new chemical species in the form of steam including species rich in fluorine, promotes the dielectric strength in the cutoff zone after extinction of the arc.
- the arrangement of the insulating elements 24 and 25 and the arcing contacts 20 and 22 allows the creation of a confined volume 26 '(or confined chamber) whose internal pressure will increase by one heating of the arc but also by the ablation effects of the insulators described above: vaporization and creation of fluorinated species.
- this confined volume 26 ' is the part of the chamber 26 located between the screen 25 and the bottom surface 29 of the fixed arc contact.
- the overpressure thus created has the effect of a flow of gas to the area between the contacts 20 and 22 during the opening maneuver, thus further promoting the dielectric strength just after the zero crossing of the current, thus promoting the cutoff.
- a confined volume 26 'less allows a better rise in pressure during the opening maneuver, in a manner favorable to the extinction of 1 arc.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a second disconnector 110 whose members similar to the organs of the disconnector 10 bear the same references and are not described again.
- the disconnector 110 has a fixed arc contact 120, a movable arcing contact 122 and an insulating nozzle 124 which differ from the elements described above.
- the fixed arc contact 120 is of a shape substantially similar to the contact 20, i.e. it extends from a bottom surface 129 to an opposite end 130 and defines a chamber 126.
- the contact 120 has fingers 128 and is generally cylindrical in the longitudinal direction.
- the movable arcing contact 122 is here cylindrical in shape and comprises a hemispherical end 122a of given radius R (see FIG. 4A).
- the hemispherical end 122a can be replaced by an end of different shape.
- An advantageous variant in the form of ogive 122b, not limiting, of the end 122a is for example shown in longitudinal section in Figure 4B.
- This end 122b has an outer profile with three curved portions A1, A2 and A3. Two successive portions A1, A2 and A2, A3 are tangent to each other to facilitate penetration of the contact in the fixed arc contact 120.
- the portions A1, A2 and A3 have radii of curvature R1, R2 and R3 of respective geometric centers. 01, 02 and 03.
- the radius of curvature R3 of the end portion is smaller than the radius R2, itself smaller than the radius RI.
- the number of spokes differs from three or the end of the contact 122 has a still different shape.
- the movable arcing contact 122 does not have at its end 122a an insulating screen of the type of the screen 25 even if its addition is conceivable and would give the moving arcing contact 122 the same advantages as those described with reference to Figure 1.
- the insulating nozzle 124 is of greater thickness than the nozzle 24. More specifically, a portion 124a of the nozzle 124 enveloping the contact 120 beyond the end 130 is longitudinally more thicker than the part 24a in order to achieve the same cooling effects of the cut-off zone and maintaining dielectric strength by creating fluorinated species and by vaporizing them.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a third disconnector 210 whose members similar to the organs of the disconnector 10 bear on the same references and are not redescribed.
- the disconnector 210 includes a movable arcing contact 220, a fixed arcing contact 222, and an insulating nozzle 224.
- the movable arcing contact 220 extends from a bottom surface 229 on the intermediate wall 23a to an opposite end 230.
- the movable arcing contact 220 is otherwise similar in shape to the arcing contact. 120.
- the contact 220 defines a chamber 226.
- the contact 220 has fingers 228 and is generally cylindrical in the longitudinal direction.
- the fixed arcing contact 222 is here cylindrical and has a hemispherical end 222a. As in the embodiment described with reference to FIG. 2, the fixed arcing contact 222 does not carry an insulating screen of the type of the screen 25 even if its addition is conceivable (variant not shown) and would confer on the contact. fixed arc 222 the same advantages as those described above.
- the insulating nozzle 224 is here of a shape similar to the nozzle 124. More specifically, a portion 224a of the nozzle 224 enveloping the movable arc contact 220 beyond the end 230 is longitudinally thicker than the portion 24a in order to achieve the same cooling effects of the cut-off and dielectric withstand region by creating fluorinated species and vaporizing them.
- the hemispherical end 222a may advantageously be replaced by an end of profile similar or identical to the end 122b to facilitate the penetration of the contact in the movable arcing contact 220.
- the invention also aims to cover a metal-enclosed station (PSEM) comprising a disconnector as described above.
- PSEM metal-enclosed station
Landscapes
- Circuit Breakers (AREA)
- Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1359843A FR3011976B1 (fr) | 2013-10-10 | 2013-10-10 | Sectionneur a pouvoir d'etablissement et de coupure ameliores |
PCT/EP2014/071496 WO2015052210A1 (fr) | 2013-10-10 | 2014-10-08 | Sectionneur a pouvoir d'etablissement et de coupure ameliores |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3055873A1 true EP3055873A1 (fr) | 2016-08-17 |
Family
ID=50023705
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14781550.0A Withdrawn EP3055873A1 (fr) | 2013-10-10 | 2014-10-08 | Sectionneur a pouvoir d'etablissement et de coupure ameliores |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3055873A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3011976B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2015052210A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN116387079B (zh) * | 2023-06-05 | 2023-09-19 | 浙江勇圣智能科技有限公司 | 高压电力输送用高压隔离开关 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4553008A (en) * | 1984-06-14 | 1985-11-12 | Cooper Industries, Inc. | Load interrupter |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2558300B1 (fr) * | 1984-01-17 | 1986-10-10 | Merlin Gerin | Sectionneur pour poste blinde a haute tension |
EP0270895A1 (fr) * | 1986-12-08 | 1988-06-15 | BBC Brown Boveri AG | Interrupteur à gaz comprimé |
DE19517540A1 (de) * | 1995-05-12 | 1996-11-14 | Abb Research Ltd | Löschgasabgebender Werkstoff und Druckgasschalter mit einem solchen Werkstoff |
FR2815765B1 (fr) * | 2000-10-23 | 2003-04-11 | Alstom | Buse isolante pour disjoncteur a soufflage d'arc |
DE102004006045A1 (de) * | 2004-01-30 | 2005-08-25 | Siemens Ag | Druckgasisolierter Trennschalterbaustein und Durchführungsanordnung |
JP5242461B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-06 | 2013-07-24 | 株式会社東芝 | ガス遮断器 |
JP5306242B2 (ja) * | 2010-01-12 | 2013-10-02 | 株式会社東芝 | ガス絶縁開閉装置 |
US9147543B2 (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2015-09-29 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Gas circuit breaker |
FR2984591B1 (fr) * | 2011-12-14 | 2014-01-17 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Dispositif d'entrainement d'un ensemble conducteur d'un sectionneur, permettant le deplacement de l'ensemble a vitesse variable |
-
2013
- 2013-10-10 FR FR1359843A patent/FR3011976B1/fr active Active
-
2014
- 2014-10-08 WO PCT/EP2014/071496 patent/WO2015052210A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2014-10-08 EP EP14781550.0A patent/EP3055873A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4553008A (en) * | 1984-06-14 | 1985-11-12 | Cooper Industries, Inc. | Load interrupter |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of WO2015052210A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR3011976A1 (fr) | 2015-04-17 |
WO2015052210A1 (fr) | 2015-04-16 |
FR3011976B1 (fr) | 2015-12-18 |
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