EP3050069A1 - Schalteinrichtung sowie ausschaltverfahren zum betrieb einer schalteinrichtung - Google Patents
Schalteinrichtung sowie ausschaltverfahren zum betrieb einer schalteinrichtungInfo
- Publication number
- EP3050069A1 EP3050069A1 EP14799799.3A EP14799799A EP3050069A1 EP 3050069 A1 EP3050069 A1 EP 3050069A1 EP 14799799 A EP14799799 A EP 14799799A EP 3050069 A1 EP3050069 A1 EP 3050069A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- conventional switching
- points
- switching
- switching point
- point
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000306 recurrent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- HHXYJYBYNZMZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4:15,16-diepoxy-7-oxo-13(16),14-clerodadien-20,12-olide-(3alpha,4alpha)-form Natural products C12CCC3C4(C)CCCC(C)(C)C4CCC3(C)C1(C)CCC1C2(C)CCC1C(=C)C HHXYJYBYNZMZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003534 oscillatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H89/00—Combinations of two or more different basic types of electric switches, relays, selectors and emergency protective devices, not covered by any single one of the other main groups of this subclass
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/59—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle
- H01H33/596—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle for interrupting dc
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
- H01H9/548—Electromechanical and static switch connected in series
Definitions
- the invention relates to a switching device comprising a first conventional switching point, a second conventional switching point and a non - conventional one
- Such a switching device is known for example from the published patent application DE 10 2011 005 905 AI. There, a switching device is described which has a gas-insulated circuit breaker as well as a vacuum circuit breaker as conventional switching points. Electrically parallel to the vacuum circuit breaker, a device for generating a countercurrent is provided which has a thyristor. The device for generating a countercurrent is structurally a non-conventional switching point.
- the known switching device is particularly suitable for switching direct currents.
- a countercurrent is impressed on the direct current to be interrupted in order to interrupt it.
- non-conventional switching point When using the known switching device, in particular in the high and very high voltage range, ie at voltages of several thousand volts and interrupting currents of several kiloamps costly assemblies such as thyristors, IGBTs or power transistors are used for the non-conventional switching point. Due to the design, these non-conventional switching points must be designed both for their voltage carrying capacity and their current carrying capacity for the current or the driving electrical voltage to be interrupted. This requires costly non-conventional switching points, so that the costs of the switching device are not negligible. tion by the non-conventional switching point are determined.
- the object of the invention is achieved in a switching device of the type mentioned in that the first conventional switching point, the second conventional switching point, the second conventional switching point
- Switching point and the non-conventional switching point together form a series circuit.
- Conventional switching points are switching points which, in order to produce an electrically conductive current path, bring into contact relatively movable switching contact pieces and conversely remove switching contact pieces which are movable relative to one another during interruption of a current path, in order to allow an electrical insulating medium to pass between the switching contact pieces.
- non-conventional switching points are understood to mean a construction which varies the impedance behavior of the switching point independently of a mechanical movement. Regardless of the switching state of the switching point, a physical connection between the potentials to be separated remains intact. Only the impedance of the switching point is reversed.
- the switching point can be formed for example by a semiconductor, which is, if necessary, placed in an electrically conductive state or an electrically insulating state. Since through the use of semiconducting components, a through-connection or interruption of a current path is effected by a semiconductor itself, these are also referred to as power semiconductors.
- Non-conventional switching points are, for example, power electronics. In addition to the actual switching point, power electronics can also comprise further modules which serve to control the impedance of the switching point. As a non-con- For example, conventional thyristors, GTO, IGCT, IGBT or power transistors, etc., can be used.
- the non-conventional switching point can also have a plurality of semiconductor elements and optionally be modular.
- a group of switching points forms an electrically conductive path which extends from a point A to a point B, wherein each of the switching points is electrically connected in series.
- the series connection of switching points is part of a switching path of the electrical switching device.
- the switching device may have corresponding control means such as control resistors, in order to achieve the most uniform possible voltage distribution.
- control means such as control resistors
- a further advantageous embodiment may provide that the non-conventional switching point is connected in series between the first conventional switching point and the second conventional switching point.
- An arrangement of the non-conventional switching point between a first and a second conventional switching point allows or supports a uniform distribution of the total voltage to the individual switching points. Particularly in the case of switch-off operations, the non-conventional switching point can be protected against overloading by conventional switching points lying before and after it.
- a plurality of conventional switching points has at least a first and a second non-conventional switching point.
- a division of the conventional switching points into a first and a second group is undertaken.
- Such a grouping of the conventional switching points supports the effectiveness of the non-conventional switching point.
- the non-conventional switching point is protected against voltage overload by a voltage distribution through a plurality of conventional switching points.
- the groups should have similar impedances, resulting in a symmetrical stress distribution between the groups.
- Increasing the number of conventional switching points, for example, to ten or more ten conventional switching points the voltage load of the individual switching points is respectively reduced, whereby the voltage distribution over the non-conventional switching point is also reduced.
- a division into corresponding groups helps to balance asymmetries in the stress distribution and thus to prevent an overload of the individual switching points.
- it should be advantageous in each of the groups an equal voltage load in Ausschaltfalle.
- Such a symmetrical voltage distribution can additionally be supported by a control of the voltage distribution, for example by control resistors.
- the number of conventional switching points should preferably be an even number, wherein in each case the same number of conventional switching points is arranged in the groups. However, it can also be provided that, depending on the design of the conventional switching points different numbers of conventional switching points in the groups are included, so that, for example, the voltage distribution over the switching points can be controlled in an improved manner, in particular a uniform distribution of the stress on all switching points is achieved.
- a further advantageous embodiment can provide that at least one of the conventional switching points has a vacuum interrupter chamber.
- a vacuum switching chamber defines an evacuated space in which, for example, relatively movable switching contact pieces are arranged. The individual switching contact pieces are removed from one another during a switch-off process, wherein a switch-off arc can be ignited between the switch contact pieces within the evacuated space.
- the conventional switching points should be of similar construction, so that a uniform distribution of the voltages to be controlled can be established across the individual switching points.
- a rated voltage of 350,000 volts it may be provided, for example, that at a rated voltage of 350,000 volts, two groups of ten conventional switching points are used, with a first group of ten conventional switching points connected in front of a non-conventional switching point and a second group of ten conventional switching points behind a non-conventional switching point in series connection are.
- a rated voltage of 350,000 volts For an ideal voltage distribution, for example, a rated voltage of
- the conventional switching points should be designed, for example, at least 20,000 volts rated voltage. For these 20,000 volts comparatively short contact strokes in the evacuated space of a vacuum interrupter chamber are necessary, so that in conjunction with comparatively fast drives and a rapid switching of an electric current through the switching device is possible. In doing so, the nonconventional nelle switching point due to the series connection and arrangement between the two groups of conventional switching points also designed for 20,000 volts. As can be seen from this example, the series connection of several conventional switching points, in particular in front of and behind a non-conventional switching point, makes it possible to use power semiconductors with reduced rated voltages.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a switch-off method for operating a switching device, wherein the switching device has a first conventional and a second conventional switching point and a non-conventional switching point, wherein the two conventional switching points and the non-conventional switching point are connected in a series circuit.
- this is achieved in a switch-off method of the type mentioned above by first switching off the conventional switching points and subsequently switching off the non-conventional switching point.
- the turn-off method is particularly suitable for interrupting DC currents which are driven by a DC voltage.
- all conventional and non-conventional switching points are in a switched-through state, ie. H. the switched-off switching device is in the on state and has a current path of low impedance.
- the conventional switching points are first broken, the non-conventional switching point remaining in its ON state. Consequently, in particular when interrupting a direct current at least in one of the conventional, but preferably in all conventional
- a recurring voltage is a voltage which, due to network impedances, oscillatory processes or similar processes during a switch-off operation over the switching path of the switching device adjusts and may optionally reach a higher amount than the rated voltage of the switching device.
- the non-conventional switching point thus only needs to master the potential separation at the electrical switching device in an initial interval of the rise of the recurring voltage. After a short recombination time already open conventional switching points and there just extinguished arcs, the recurring voltage distributed over the series circuit of conventional switching points and non-conventional switching point.
- An advantage of this switch-off method is that the non-conventional switching point only has to master the recurring voltage during the recombination time of the conventional switching path alone. During this time, the recurring tension increases. The resulting stress stress should be significantly smaller than the respective rated voltage of the non-conventional switching point.
- a further advantageous embodiment can provide that when switching off the conventional switching points in at least one of the conventional switching points, an arc is ignited. If an arc is pulled in a conventional switching point, the impedance of the total switching path of the
- a further advantageous embodiment can provide that a potential separation by the non-conventional switching point is maintained until the conventional switching points solidify.
- the conventional switching points require a finite time interval due to the burning arc and the associated contamination for solidifying a Isolierrange between the switching contact pieces. This improves the dielectric strength between the switching contact pieces of the conventional switching points within this time interval.
- the solidification of the conventional switching points can be done, for example, within fractions of a second. During these fractions of a second, the non-conventional switching point is intended to control the withstand voltage of the switching device, in particular with an increase in a recurring voltage, and to prevent a re-ignition of an electric arc or a renewed flow of an electric current.
- a further advantageous embodiment can provide that a burning arc is deleted in a conventional switching point by the non-conventional switching point.
- the switching path of the switching device is already prepared for a final interruption of the current during a switching operation, in particular switch-off, on the switching device.
- the impedance of the switching path of the switching device is already increased, their impedance is not so large that a complete interruption of an electric current occurs.
- a complete interruption of the electric current is caused by a blocking of the non-conventional switching path, so that a burning in the conventional switching point arc goes out.
- the conventional switching points receive a switch-off pulse almost at the same time. An almost simultaneous triggering of the conventional switching points causes an approximately synchronous movement of the relatively movable switching contact pieces.
- Figure 1 an interconnection of several conventional switching points and a non-conventional switching point
- Figure 2 a device with a first conventional
- FIG. 3 a diagram.
- the circuit diagram of Figure 1 shows a switching device 1, which serves to interrupt a current path between a point A and a point B.
- the electrical switching device 1 is preferably designed for switching a direct current, which is driven by a DC voltage.
- the electrical switching device 1 has a first conventional switching point 2 and a second conventional switching point 3.
- the switching device 1 has a non-conventional switching point 4.
- the non-conventional switch 4 is electrically connected in series between the first conventional switch 2 and the second conventional switch 2.
- tional switching point 3 is arranged.
- n first conventional switching points 2 and n second conventional switching points 3 are provided.
- ten first conventional switching points 2 and ten second conventional switching points 3 can be provided.
- the first conventional switching points 2 are all connected electrically in series, with the first conventional switching points 2, which lie on one side of the non-conventional switching point 4, forming a first group 5 of conventional switching points 2.
- the second conventional switching points 3 form a second group 6 of conventional switching points 3.
- the respective first and second conventional switching points 2, 3 are connected in series.
- the present non-conventional Switching point 4 can in turn likewise have a modular design and, for example, have a power semiconductor.
- the non-conventional switching site 4 may include, for example, thyristors, IGBTs, power transistors, etc. on a semiconductor basis.
- the two conventional switching points 2a, 3a are formed as vacuum interrupters, each having a stationary switching contact piece 7 and a relative to the stationary switching contact piece 7 movably mounted movable switching contact piece 8.
- the vacuum interrupters each have a tube body 9, which is designed to be fluid-tight and evacuated in its interior.
- the respective movable switching contact piece 8 projects through the respective tubular body 9 in a fluid-tight manner and is relative to the tubular body 9 and to the respective stationary switching capacitor. tact piece 7 movable.
- a drive device 10 is connected in each case, which can couple a movement to the movable contact piece 8.
- the two fixed contact pieces 7 of the two conventional switching points 2a, 3a are in turn connected to a respective connection of the non-conventional switching point 4a.
- a tapping of contacting points A, B of the switching device la is provided via a sliding contact arrangement.
- the use of exactly one first conventional switching point 2a and exactly one second conventional switching point 3a is provided.
- the arrangement of a non-conventional switching point 4a is provided hen.
- FIG. 3 shows a diagram in which a graph 11 shows the time profile of a direct current to be switched off.
- a graph 12 symbolizes the dielectric strength of the conventional switching points 2a, 3a.
- a graph 13 schematically shows the course of the recurring voltage after interruption of the direct current.
- a graph 14 shows the profile of the dielectric strength of the non-conventional
- a switch-off signal has already been sent to the conventional switching points 2a, 3a.
- the conventional switching points 2a, 3a are already open.
- the DC current to be interrupted initially continues to flow. Since the direct current is located in the series circuit of the switching device la, arcs are ignited in the conventional switching points 2a, 3a.
- the non-conventional switching point 4a is just in its switch-on state, ie the non-conventional switching point 4a has a low-impedance behavior.
- the impedance of the switching device la is initially increased compared to their on state.
- Switching points 2a, 3a are the Isolierumblen contaminated and not yet reach their full insulation resistance.
- the dielectric strength (graph 12) of the conventional switching point 2a, 3a is not yet given.
- the conventional switching points 2a, 3a solidify. After solidification, the dielectric strength of the conventional switching points 2a, 3a increases (Graph 12).
- a state occurs in which the dielectric strength of the conventional switching points 2 a, 3 a is greater than the amount of the recurring voltage. From At this time, the conventional switching points 2a, 3a would be able to take over the voltage maintenance at the switching device la. At the instant t 4 , the dielectric strength of the conventional switching points 2 a, 3 a also exceeds the dielectric strength of the non-conventional switching point 4 a .
- the dielectric strength of the non-conventional switching point 4a now no longer needs to rise, ie the non-conventional switching point 4a can be designed such that with a further increasing dielectric strength of the conventional switching points 2a, 3a, the dielectric strength of the non-conventional switching point 4a no longer has to increase. Accordingly, there is the possibility of using cost-effective nonconventional switching points 4a.
- additional security is created to achieve a sufficient dielectric strength of the switching device la during a turn-off.
- the electrical switching device la is acted upon by interrupting the electrical direct current with a recurring voltage (graph 13). With the interruption of the direct current, a recurring voltage is established across the electrical switching device 1a.
- this recurring voltage (graph 13) is not exclusively determined by the original driving voltage, but it can also transient processes occur during a switching operation, which additionally increase the recurring voltage 13. It can also come to transients, which can increase the recurring voltage, for example, in the manner of an E-function.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102013224621.8A DE102013224621A1 (de) | 2013-11-29 | 2013-11-29 | Schalteinrichtung sowie Ausschaltverfahren zum Betrieb einer Schalteinrichtung |
PCT/EP2014/075028 WO2015078750A1 (de) | 2013-11-29 | 2014-11-19 | Schalteinrichtung sowie ausschaltverfahren zum betrieb einer schalteinrichtung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3050069A1 true EP3050069A1 (de) | 2016-08-03 |
EP3050069B1 EP3050069B1 (de) | 2020-08-05 |
Family
ID=51905093
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14799799.3A Active EP3050069B1 (de) | 2013-11-29 | 2014-11-19 | Schalteinrichtung sowie ausschaltverfahren zum betrieb einer schalteinrichtung |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10600603B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3050069B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN105745731B (de) |
CA (1) | CA2931937C (de) |
DE (1) | DE102013224621A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2015078750A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3031062B1 (de) * | 2013-08-05 | 2018-12-12 | Innolith Assets AG | Wechselschalter mit blockierendem halbleiter |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1236052B (de) * | 1960-10-26 | 1967-03-09 | Continental Elektro Ind Ag | Hochspannungsleistungsschalter mit mehreren in Reihe geschalteten Schaltstellen pro Pol |
US4159498A (en) * | 1977-11-17 | 1979-06-26 | General Electric Company | Electric circuit breaker with high current interruption capability |
US5561579A (en) * | 1994-11-04 | 1996-10-01 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | Solid-state circuit breaker with fault current conduction |
JPH08315666A (ja) | 1995-05-12 | 1996-11-29 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 遮断器および遮断装置 |
DE10002870A1 (de) * | 2000-01-24 | 2001-08-23 | Abb Research Ltd | Vorrichtung zum Begrenzen eines Stromes |
JP3965037B2 (ja) * | 2001-10-12 | 2007-08-22 | 東芝三菱電機産業システム株式会社 | 直流用真空遮断装置 |
JP2005019107A (ja) | 2003-06-24 | 2005-01-20 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 直流リレー |
AU2009355281B2 (en) * | 2009-11-16 | 2014-01-16 | Hitachi Energy Ltd | Device and method to break the current of a power transmission or distribution line and current limiting arrangement |
EP2469552B1 (de) | 2010-12-23 | 2014-02-26 | ABB Technology AG | Verfahren, Schutzschalter und Schalteinheit zum Abschalten von Hochspannungsgleichströmen |
DE102011005905B4 (de) | 2011-03-22 | 2021-05-27 | Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG | Schalter für eine Übertragungsstrecke für Hochspannungs-Gleichstrom |
US20170004948A1 (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2017-01-05 | Google Inc. | Electrical circuit protector |
-
2013
- 2013-11-29 DE DE102013224621.8A patent/DE102013224621A1/de active Pending
-
2014
- 2014-11-19 US US15/039,202 patent/US10600603B2/en active Active
- 2014-11-19 CA CA2931937A patent/CA2931937C/en active Active
- 2014-11-19 WO PCT/EP2014/075028 patent/WO2015078750A1/de active Application Filing
- 2014-11-19 EP EP14799799.3A patent/EP3050069B1/de active Active
- 2014-11-19 CN CN201480062971.7A patent/CN105745731B/zh active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20170018390A1 (en) | 2017-01-19 |
CA2931937A1 (en) | 2015-06-04 |
WO2015078750A1 (de) | 2015-06-04 |
CN105745731B (zh) | 2018-07-13 |
CA2931937C (en) | 2021-05-11 |
EP3050069B1 (de) | 2020-08-05 |
DE102013224621A1 (de) | 2015-06-03 |
US10600603B2 (en) | 2020-03-24 |
CN105745731A (zh) | 2016-07-06 |
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