EP3005453A1 - Procédé de maintien des performances d'un système à pile à combustible, et circuit gaz d'une pile à combustible - Google Patents
Procédé de maintien des performances d'un système à pile à combustible, et circuit gaz d'une pile à combustibleInfo
- Publication number
- EP3005453A1 EP3005453A1 EP14726372.7A EP14726372A EP3005453A1 EP 3005453 A1 EP3005453 A1 EP 3005453A1 EP 14726372 A EP14726372 A EP 14726372A EP 3005453 A1 EP3005453 A1 EP 3005453A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- gas
- circuit
- fuel
- cathode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04238—Depolarisation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04544—Voltage
- H01M8/04559—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to fuel cells, particularly but not exclusively to electrolyte type fuel cells in the form of a polymer membrane (ie PEFC type for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell). STATE OF THE ART
- a fuel cell generally comprises the series combination of unitary elements, which each consist essentially of an anode and a cathode separated by a polymer membrane allowing the passage of ions from the anode to the cathode .
- the fuel-fed anode for example hydrogen
- the cathode fed with oxidant for example pure oxygen or contained in air
- oxidant for example pure oxygen or contained in air
- US Patent US6635369 discloses a solution making it possible to organize a regular shortage of oxygen at the cathode leading to the progressive degradation of the platinum is slowed down, which thus allows a maintenance of the performance of the battery over a longer period .
- the short circuits made are possible only in the case of a small battery, for example of the order of one kilowatt. If we use a larger size battery, for example of the order of 50 kW, the current increase created by the circuit will be much stronger, and could degrade the system. In addition, it was found that the short circuit led not only to a reduction of platinum at the cathode, but also to corrosion at the anode, thus creating a risk of degradation. Finally, the use of the short circuit offers no controllable parameter, since the voltage drops induced depend solely on the battery and its operation at the time of the short circuit.
- the object of the present invention of the present invention is to provide a method for maintaining the performance of a fuel cell without disrupting operation and without creating additional degradation.
- the invention proposes a method for maintaining the performance of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell, the fuel cell being installed in a system comprising a fuel gas supply circuit connecting a fuel gas tank to the fuel cell. anode of the fuel cell, and a combustion gas supply circuit connecting an oxidizing gas tank, or atmospheric air, the method comprising the following steps
- the fuel cell is supplied with fuel gas and with oxidizing gas
- the supply of oxidizing gas is resumed after a determined period of time and / or when the voltage at the terminals of the fuel cell reaches a predetermined level, the two preceding steps are periodically repeated as long as the fuel cell is in operation.
- the gas supply is resumed after an interruption of a duration of three seconds. In another embodiment, the gas supply is resumed when the average cell voltage of the fuel cell becomes less than five hundred millivolts.
- the repetition periodicity of the steps is set at five minutes.
- this interruption consists in the opening of a valve located upstream of the cathode of the fuel cell and connecting the supply circuit of oxidizing gas to the ambient air,
- the interruption consists of a momentary interruption of the operation of an air compressor located in the combustion gas supply circuit, and
- the interruption consists of closing a valve located in the combustion gas supply circuit.
- the invention also relates to the gas circuit of an ion exchange polymer membrane fuel cell, comprising
- a fuel gas supply circuit (11) connecting a fuel gas tank to the anode of the fuel cell
- a combustion gas supply circuit (12b) connecting an oxidizing gas tank, or atmospheric air, to the cathode of the fuel cell,
- circuit further comprises means, installed on the supply circuit (12b) of oxidizing gas, able to periodically and momentarily interrupt the supply of oxygen to the cathode of the fuel cell.
- the means to be interrupted comprise: an electro valve located upstream of the cathode on the combustion gas supply circuit, and connecting this circuit to atmospheric air,
- Figure 1 is a diagram of a fuel cell according to the invention, supplied with pure oxygen;
- Figure 2 shows the performance over time of a fuel cell implementing or not the invention.
- FIG. 1 represents elements of the anode circuit useful for understanding the invention, although the subject of the present application relates essentially to the circuit cathode of a fuel cell.
- the installation comprises a fuel supply circuit 11 fuel gas anode side.
- a pure hydrogen HT tank H 2 is connected to the inlet of the anode circuit of the fuel cell 1b by means of a supply pipe which passes through a shut-off valve 1 10, then by a control valve pressure 117, then by an ejector 113, then by a supply channel 11A fuel gas leading to the anodes.
- the hydrogen supply circuit 11 (the fuel) also comprises a recycling circuit 11R of hydrogen not consumed by the fuel cell, connected to the output of the anode circuit of the fuel cell 1b.
- a water separator 114 is installed on the recycling circuit 11R.
- the ejector 113 and a recirculation pump 115 ensure the recycling of the unconsumed hydrogen and the mixture with fresh hydrogen from the tank.
- an additional accumulation chamber of fuel gas 116 disposed on the piping of the fuel supply circuit 11, between the shutoff valve 110 and a pressure regulating valve 1 17.
- the chamber of additional accumulation is, in a preferred embodiment, placed where the pressure is highest in the supply circuit, so as to reduce the volume, or the same volume, so as to store a greater amount of hydrogen.
- the additional accumulation chamber of fuel gas 116 could be disposed at any point of the fuel gas supply circuit, that is to say at any point between the shutoff valve 110 and the fuel cell lb, even on the recycling circuit 11R, or on the circuit between the water separator 114 and the ejector 113. However it is advantageous to place it at a point in the circuit where the pressure is higher so to reduce the volume.
- the position upstream of the pressure regulating valve makes possible a controlled discharge of said accumulation chamber.
- FIG. 1 It also shows a suction pump 119 and a shutoff valve 118 installed on a pipe leading to the atmosphere and connected to the recycle loop 11R of the fuel gas, preferably under the water separator 114.
- the connection at this specific location, shown in Figure 1, allows by controlling the shutoff valve 118 to provide the triple function of water evacuation, purging, and suction of hydrogen.
- this detail of embodiment is not limiting.
- the line comprising the shutoff valve 118 could be connected to any location downstream of the pressure regulating valve 117.
- the installation also comprises a supply circuit 12b in combustion gas on the cathodes side.
- This circuit comprises an air compressor 125b serving in normal use to supply the atmospheric air fuel cell 126 by means of a supply pipe which passes through a shut-off valve 128, then via a supply channel 12A. oxidizing gas leading to the cathodes.
- an oxygen tank would be located instead of the air inlet 126.
- the air supply circuit 12b containing oxygen, also comprises a 12R recycling circuit of the oxygen not consumed by the fuel cell, connected to the output of the cathode circuit of the battery. fuel 1.
- the recycling circuit 12Rb is directly connected to the supply channel 12A by a branch branch 123b downstream of the air compressor 125b.
- a pressure regulating valve 122b makes it possible, in normal operation, to escape in continuously the depleted air towards the atmosphere. The degree of opening of this pressure regulating valve 122b is controlled to maintain the pressure at the desired value in the cathode circuit.
- the recycling circuit In normal operation of the fuel cell, the recycling circuit is not used, the pump 125 is at a standstill, and no gas flows in the recycling circuit 12Rb which becomes virtually nonexistent. The entire gas not consumed by the cathode circuit is directed to the atmosphere through the pressure regulating valve 122b. In the case where the pump 125 does not naturally provide the anti-return function when it is stopped, a nonreturn valve must be provided on the recycling circuit 12Rb so as to guarantee the passage of the entire air supplied by the compressor to the cathode circuit of the fuel cell 1b.
- the shutoff valve 128 isolates the cathode circuit of atmospheric air when the battery is stopped. This shutoff valve 128 can indifferently be placed upstream or downstream of the compressor.
- an electro valve 129 is located upstream of the cathode in the combustion gas supply circuit.
- This solenoid valve is intended to allow, periodically and very short, the atmosphere of the supply circuit, during a normal operation phase of the battery. Indeed, an opening of the valve 129 momentarily drifts much of the air, or oxygen, normally supplying the fuel cell. This bypass then causes a temporary underfeed, or shortage, of oxygen at the cathode of the fuel cell. This short oxygen shortage makes it possible to reverse the oxidation reaction of platinum with the cathode in a reduction reaction, and thus to regenerate the cathode.
- the compressor 125b is activated and sends air, or oxygen, into the supply circuit 12b. Therefore, when opening the valve 129, the air in the circuit is at such a pressure that it will actually escape through the opening.
- Figure 2 shows the performance of a fuel cell comprising 16 cells, for a duration of 4:30. This figure comprises three curves, respectively showing the current, the voltage and the average power of the cells of the stack. During the first two hours, the fuel cell operates according to a conventional method, not implementing the present invention. From time T + 2 hours, a method according to the invention is implemented.
- This shortage of oxygen corresponds to the implementation of one of the alternatives of the invention, for example the opening of the solenoid valve 129 appearing in Figure 1.
- This opening is, for example, controlled by the controller of the fuel cell, for a predetermined duration, for example three seconds. This control is performed by sending a periodic signal from the control to the solenoid valve. The opening of this valve, and the lack of oxygen, create a sudden voltage drop across the fuel cell.
- the closing of the solenoid valve is controlled when the voltage at the terminals of the battery reaches a predetermined threshold, for example 500 mV.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1354747A FR3006114B1 (fr) | 2013-05-27 | 2013-05-27 | Procede de maintien des performances d'un systeme a pile a combustible, et circuit gaz d'une pile a combustible |
| PCT/EP2014/060901 WO2014191384A1 (fr) | 2013-05-27 | 2014-05-27 | Procédé de maintien des performances d'un système à pile à combustible, et circuit gaz d'une pile à combustible |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3005453A1 true EP3005453A1 (fr) | 2016-04-13 |
Family
ID=49237285
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP14726372.7A Withdrawn EP3005453A1 (fr) | 2013-05-27 | 2014-05-27 | Procédé de maintien des performances d'un système à pile à combustible, et circuit gaz d'une pile à combustible |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3005453A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP6486336B2 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN105247721A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3006114B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2014191384A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3053841A1 (fr) | 2016-07-06 | 2018-01-12 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Assemblage membrane/electrodes comprenant une anode catalytique a haute capacite |
| CN106654324B (zh) * | 2016-11-17 | 2019-10-25 | 上海攀业氢能源科技有限公司 | 一种恢复空冷型燃料电池性能的方法 |
| CN112956059B (zh) * | 2018-11-07 | 2024-02-20 | 百拉得动力系统公司 | 具有改善的性能恢复的用于操作电化学燃料电池堆的方法和系统 |
| CN111682245B (zh) * | 2020-05-12 | 2022-03-08 | 广东国鸿氢能科技有限公司 | 一种燃料电池电堆性能恢复方法 |
| CN112864424A (zh) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-05-28 | 武汉理工大学 | 一种质子交换膜燃料电池快速活化的方法 |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6472090B1 (en) * | 1999-06-25 | 2002-10-29 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Method and apparatus for operating an electrochemical fuel cell with periodic reactant starvation |
| US6399231B1 (en) * | 2000-06-22 | 2002-06-04 | Utc Fuel Cells, Llc | Method and apparatus for regenerating the performance of a PEM fuel cell |
| US6841278B2 (en) * | 2002-05-30 | 2005-01-11 | Utc Fuel Cells, Llc | Fuel cell performance recovery by cyclic oxidant starvation |
| JP4742501B2 (ja) * | 2004-02-17 | 2011-08-10 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
| FR2873498B1 (fr) * | 2004-07-20 | 2007-08-10 | Conception & Dev Michelin Sa | Arret d'une pile a combustible alimentee en oxygene pur |
| JP5064723B2 (ja) * | 2006-05-25 | 2012-10-31 | パナソニック株式会社 | 燃料電池の運転方法 |
| JP5190749B2 (ja) * | 2006-11-22 | 2013-04-24 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
| JP5822727B2 (ja) * | 2008-09-17 | 2015-11-24 | ベレノス・クリーン・パワー・ホールディング・アーゲー | 燃料電池システムの運転方法 |
-
2013
- 2013-05-27 FR FR1354747A patent/FR3006114B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2014
- 2014-05-27 EP EP14726372.7A patent/EP3005453A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-05-27 WO PCT/EP2014/060901 patent/WO2014191384A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2014-05-27 CN CN201480030572.2A patent/CN105247721A/zh active Pending
- 2014-05-27 JP JP2016516116A patent/JP6486336B2/ja active Active
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| None * |
| See also references of WO2014191384A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3006114A1 (fr) | 2014-11-28 |
| FR3006114B1 (fr) | 2016-11-11 |
| CN105247721A (zh) | 2016-01-13 |
| JP6486336B2 (ja) | 2019-03-20 |
| JP2016522974A (ja) | 2016-08-04 |
| WO2014191384A1 (fr) | 2014-12-04 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP3017492B1 (fr) | Procédé d'arrêt d'un système à pile à combustible, et système à pile à combustible | |
| EP2017916B1 (fr) | Arrêt d'une plie à combustible alimentée en oxygène pur | |
| EP1782495B1 (fr) | Arret d'une pile a combustible alimentee en oxygene pur | |
| EP2671277A1 (fr) | Boucle de recyclage pour pile a combustible | |
| EP3005453A1 (fr) | Procédé de maintien des performances d'un système à pile à combustible, et circuit gaz d'une pile à combustible | |
| EP2494643B1 (fr) | Procedure de detection de l'etat d'etancheite d'une pile a combustible. | |
| FR2998719A1 (fr) | Batterie metal-air avec dispositif de controle du potentiel de l'electrode negative | |
| FR2952234A1 (fr) | Procedure de detection de l'etat de permeabilite de la membrane polymere echangeuse d'ions d'une pile a combustible. | |
| EP4367293A1 (fr) | Procédé de génération d'hydrogène par électrolyse de l'eau découplée | |
| EP3465861B1 (fr) | Procede d'alimentation electrique d'un equipement par une station autonome hybride | |
| EP3560015A1 (fr) | Système à pile à combustible, et procédé de pilotage associé | |
| EP3005454B1 (fr) | Système à pile à combustible | |
| EP3387693A1 (fr) | Procede de pilotage de pile a combustible | |
| EP4259851B1 (fr) | Procédé de fonctionnement en mode stand-by chaud d'une pile à combustible sofc ou d'un réacteur soec. | |
| EP4386912A1 (fr) | Procédé d'activation d'une pile à combustible par électrolyse | |
| FR2863107A1 (fr) | Dispositif de gestion des alimentations en air d'un systeme pile a combustible | |
| FR2947957A1 (fr) | Methode et dispositif pour augmenter la duree de vie d'une pile a combustible a membrane echangeuse de protons | |
| FR2904147A1 (fr) | Procede de gestion de la consommation en hydrogene et oxygene d'une pile a combustible. | |
| FR2914504A1 (fr) | Generateur electrochimique | |
| FR2861221A1 (fr) | Dispositif et procede d'alimentation en air d'un systeme auxiliaire pile a combustible | |
| FR2861220A1 (fr) | Dispositif et procede de prechauffage d'un systeme pile a combustible |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20160104 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
| AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: COMPAGNIE GENERALE DES ETABLISSEMENTS MICHELIN |
|
| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: COMPAGNIE GENERALE DES ETABLISSEMENTS MICHELIN |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20180329 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN |
|
| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: COMPAGNIE GENERALE DES ETABLISSEMENTS MICHELIN |
|
| 18W | Application withdrawn |
Effective date: 20181005 |