EP2952661A1 - Method and device for the contactless opening an access and/or exit from on a vehicle for passenger transport and vehicle for passenger transport equipped with such a device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for the contactless opening of an access and / or exit on a vehicle, wherein a sensor unit (20) is provided on the vehicle, which is the approaching of an object to the entrance and / or exit and / or the presence of an object detected in the surrounding area of the entrance and / or exit. According to the invention, a dialog unit (21) is provided, which initiates a dialogue upon detection of an approach of at least one object to the entrance and / or exit and / or upon detection of the presence of at least one object in the area of access and / or exit, such that a Information about the possibility of contactless opening of the access and / or output and information about how to perform the opening, acoustically and / or visually perceptible via an output unit (22) is presented in the direction of the object. By means of a responsive to gesture and with an evaluation unit (24) connected to the information transmission detection unit (23) the reaction of the object is registered to the dialogue offer and transmitted to the evaluation unit (24). The evaluation unit (24) compares the transmitted reaction information with a stored information, generates an agreement within a predefinable bandwidth an opening signal and thus controls an actuator (26, 26 '), which opens the access and / or output.

Description

The invention relates to a method for the contactless opening of an access and / or exit on a vehicle, wherein a sensor unit is provided on the vehicle, which is the approaching of an object to the entrance and / or exit and / or the presence of an object in the surrounding area the access and / or output detected. It further belongs to the invention to provide an arrangement for carrying out the method.

Vehicles, especially commercial vehicles for passenger transport, such as buses are frequented by passengers very irregular. For the situation-appropriate opening of inputs and / or outputs, this has the consequence that, for example, when stopping at a stop either the comfort of the passengers who are already in the vehicle is given preference or the comfort of the passengers on or off want. In the first case, the doors are kept closed and must be opened by passengers who want to get on or off by pressing a switching element. This is particularly problematic if, for example, pieces of baggage, obstructions or the like complicate the operation of the switching element. In the second case, the doors are always open, which means a loss of comfort for the passengers in the vehicle and is also uneconomical in heated or air-conditioned interiors.

To counter this has already been proposed to control the opening of the inputs and outputs by proximity sensors. However, this leads, for example to busy stops of buses, to constant incorrect operation by passers-by on the vehicle and thus to a deterioration in the comfort of passengers who are in the bus.

In the area of passenger cars were already further in the DE 10 2011 111 208 A1 , of the DE 10 2012 102 060 A1 , of the DE 10 2011 115 760 and the DE 10 2010 004 518 A1 sensor-based door opening systems proposed, for example, by means of targeted movements of the leg, the foot, a hand-held object, the hand, the mouth, etc. - ie gestures - can be triggered and so access to the interior of the vehicle or to the trunk to open. This gesture-based control of functions presupposes that the gestures themselves, the place where they perform and their impact, the person who uses the gesture control must be known. For users of public transport or occasional users of a vehicle this can not be assumed. For such a user, who is unfamiliar with the gesture-based control system, a controlled entry or exit can not be opened. Thus, such a system can only be used for certain applications.

Based on this prior art, it is an object of the invention to propose a method for contactless gesture-based opening of an entrance and / or exit on a vehicle, which has no prior knowledge of the nature of the gestures, the place where they are to perform and the effect the gestures are tied. It is also an object to propose an arrangement for carrying out the method.

The problem is solved by the features of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the respective subclaims.

According to the invention, a method is provided which is carried out when a vehicle is stationary, wherein a sensor unit is provided on the vehicle, which is the approaching of an object to the entrance and / or exit and / or the presence of an object in the surrounding area of the access and / or Output detected. If an approach of an object to the entrance and / or exit and / or the presence of an object in the surrounding area of the access is detected, a dialogue unit initiates a dialogue, such that information about the possibility of contactless opening of the access and / or exit and a Information about how to perform the opening, acoustically and / or visually perceptible, is presented via an output unit in the direction of the object. By virtue of this measure, in the event that the approaching object is a person, it advantageously communicates the possibility of contactless opening of the access or exit and the manner in which the opening is to be carried out. In parallel, a monitoring routine is started, which detects the reaction of the object to the dialogue offer. For this purpose, an evaluation unit is provided, which is connected to a responsive to gesture detection unit for the purpose of information transmission. The detection unit detects the reaction of the object to the dialogue offer and transmits the information to the evaluation unit. This compares the transmitted reaction information with stored information for consistency. If a match is detected within a predefinable bandwidth, the evaluation unit concludes the presence of a person who wants to get on or off and controls an actuator that opens the entrance and / or exit. Through the dialog-bound A method is achieved that an opening by passers who happen to happen the scanning area, is advantageously prevented. At the same time, an instruction manual is supplied in an advantageous manner to persons who are willing and / or willing to leave, as they can open the door without contact. The instructions for use may advantageously be linguistic, alphanumeric or pictorial information on the procedure. It is particularly advantageous to output information by means of generally understandable pictograms, which are displayed visually via a corresponding display device. It goes without saying that a voice output via loudspeaker or alphanumeric information about a display can be used in parallel support. The fact that a display on display devices, that is volatile, can be advantageously ensured that opening attempts are only made when the information appears, with permanently printed information that would not be the case.

The information about how to open is described and / or dictates which gesture to open and where to do it.

To persons who want to get on or off and have missed the time for a gesture input or their input was disturbed to offer the renewed opportunity for opening, can be provided in an advantageous development of a timer, which is started in time with the initiation of the dialogue , is checked after its expiration by means of a query routine, if the evaluation has detected a match and that, if no match was found, after the expiration of the timer, the dialogue is initiated again. In a further development, it makes sense to set the repeatedly initiating the dialogue after a predetermined number of attempts and only resume when the sensor unit detects a change in the detected objects, such that they approach the entrance and / or exit or change their position. This is advantageously achieved that particularly located in the vehicle passengers, but also persons who wait for example at a stop, are not bothered by the constant repetition.

A further development of the method provides that the information about how to perform the opening includes a gaze guide instruction. Such a change of sight is comparatively easy to detect, for example by measuring the viewing angle of a person relative to the camera position by means of a camera-based face recognition available on the market.

It is particularly advantageous if the presentation of the information is designed in such a way that the person pursuing the presentation of the information must make a forced change of sight from a first fixation point to at least a second fixation point, for example by placing pictograms consecutively on spatially separated ones Positions are displayed. The detection unit registers the at least one viewing direction change and forwards the information to the evaluation unit. The evaluation unit for its part closes from the registered change of sight direction to the presence of a person wishing to open the entry or exit and controls the corresponding actuator (s). Through this development is advantageously achieved that the tracking of the information already causes the opening of the inlet and outlet. The gesture to open is embedded in the information, so to speak.

Another possibility of developing the method is that the information about how to perform the opening describes a gesture change, such that a gesture is predetermined by a first attitude to at least a second attitude and that the detection unit registers the at least one gesture change , The detection unit registers the at least one gesture change and forwards the information to the evaluation unit. The evaluation unit carries out the comparison with the stored information and, if it matches within a predefinable bandwidth, concludes an opening request and controls the corresponding actuator or actuators. By incorporating a gesture change, randomly executed movements can be distinguished comparatively reliably from an opening gesture, so that accidental opening of the inlet or outlet can be advantageously prevented.

If many people press for an exit or entrance or are in its environment, the implementation of the method would be a hindrance to the door opening, since it can be assumed with a high degree of safety of an opening request. An advantageous development therefore provides that, when detecting the simultaneous approach of several objects to the entrance and / or exit and / or when detecting the simultaneous presence of several objects in the surrounding area of the entrance and / or exit, the method for contactless access opening and / or or exit and the access and / or exit is opened.

In order to open the dialog advantageously only when it is more likely to assume an opening request, in a further development of the method coupled in time to the detection of an object that approaches the entrance and / or exit or in its environment, a delay timer is started which delays the initiation of the dialogue. If the time specified by the delay timer has elapsed and the object is still in the vicinity of the entrance and / or exit, a dialog is initiated. In such a case, there is a high probability that an opening request will be made in response to the dialogue. By doing so, initiating a dialog can be advantageously limited to the necessary level.

For cost reasons, it is always desirable to aim for the apparatus required for the detection unit, which is intended to record the reaction to the dialogue offer, as low as possible. Therefore, it is advantageous to specify as accurately as possible the position at which gestures are to be performed. For this purpose, it is provided in a further development of the method that the information contains a description of the area in which the given gesture is to be performed prior to access and / or exit. Particularly advantageously, this specification can be associated with the fact that by means of a light-emitting device, for example by means of a light projection, the area to be used at a predetermined time, for example, when the corresponding information is output via the output unit, identified for a predetermined time becomes. In this case, the extinction of the light projection can signal, for example, the end of the opening possibility.

It is also possible to provide the information on how to perform the opening with the choice of alternatives. For retrieving the alternatives, information on different gestures is displayed on the display device for this purpose. The evaluation unit compares the information provided by the detection unit, which in fact includes the reaction of a person to the display on the display, with stored information and, if it matches within a predetermined bandwidth, controls those actuators which are associated with the detected gesture. In this way, can advantageously access boarding aids and exit aids for strollers, wheelchair users, etc.

In order to achieve the highest possible security when detecting an opening request, it may be advantageous to provide a voice input parallel to the gesture input. In this case, the information includes not only the representation of when, how and where a gesture is to be performed, but also information about when which utterance is to be performed. In this case, the detection unit is designed in such a way that, in addition to the gesture, it also detects the utterance and delivers corresponding information to the evaluation unit. Again, a comparison is made with a stored information and in case of agreement Within a predeterminable band width, the evaluation unit concludes the presence of a person who wants to get on or off and controls an actuator via an opening signal, which opens the entrance and / or exit. Characterized in that a gesture control and voice control are used in parallel, there is a high probability to correctly receive an expressed opening request at least one of the two channels and implement in an opening, which significantly increases the comfort.

• eine Sensoreinheit, die das sich Annähern eines Objektes an den Zugang und/ oder Ausgang und/ oder die Gegenwart eines Objektes im Umgebungsbereich der Zugangs und/ oder Ausgangs detektiert,
• eine Dialogeinheit, die bei Erkennen einer Annäherung wenigstens eines Objektes an den Zugang und/ oder Ausgang und/ oder bei Erkennen der Gegenwart wenigstens eines Objektes im Bereich des Zugangs und/ oder Ausgangs einen Dialog initiiert, derart, dass die Dialogeinheit eine Information über die Möglichkeit des berührungslosen Öffnens des Zugangs und/ oder Ausgangs und eine Information darüber, wie des Öffnen zu vollziehen ist, generiert,
• eine Ausgabeeinheit, die die von der Dialogeinheit generierte Information, akustisch und/ oder optisch wahrnehmbar, in Richtung des Objektes darbietet,
• eine auf Gesten ansprechende Detektionseinheit, die Reaktion des Objektes auf das Dialogangebot registriert,
• eine mit der Detektionseinheit verbundene Auswerteeinheit, die die von der Detektionseinheit übertragene Reaktionsinformation mit einer gespeicherten Information vergleicht und, bei Übereinstimmung innerhalb einer vorgebbaren Bandbereite, ein Öffnungssignal abgibt,
• ein Aktuator, der mit der Auswerteeinheit verbunden ist und bei Anliegen des Öffnungssignals den Zugang und/ oder Ausgang öffnet.

An arrangement for carrying out the method can be realized in very different ways; therefore, reference will be made below to functional units which are characterized by their functionality. It should be noted at this juncture that the functional units do not necessarily have to be permanently physically present, but it is more common today for a computer-based control system, by means of stored control instructions, existing sensors, actuators, control and data transmission components to be combined as needed, the following Functional elements arise at least temporarily:

• a sensor unit which detects the approach of an object to the entrance and / or exit and / or the presence of an object in the surrounding area of the entrance and / or exit,
• a dialog unit which initiates a dialogue upon detection of an approach of at least one object to the entrance and / or exit and / or upon detection of the presence of at least one object in the area of access and / or exit, such that the dialogue unit provides information about the possibility the non-contact opening of the access and / or exit and information on how to perform the opening, generated,
• an output unit that presents the information generated by the dialogue unit, acoustically and / or visually perceptible, in the direction of the object,
• a gesture responsive detection unit that registers the object's response to the dialogue offer,
• an evaluation unit connected to the detection unit, which compares the reaction information transmitted by the detection unit with a stored information and, if there is a match within a predefinable band, emits an opening signal,
• an actuator which is connected to the evaluation unit and opens at the request of the opening signal access and / or output.

The sensor unit for object detection can advantageously include a radar and / or lidar and / or ultrasound and / or image scanning device.

In an advantageous embodiment, the detection unit for detecting the reaction of the object includes a camera and / or a laser scanner and / or a capacitive proximity sensor and optionally a microphone.

The display unit is advantageously arranged in the region of the access and / or exit, preferably above it. It is also advantageous to use the display unit in at least one secondary use for displaying other information. For example, in city buses, it is common to display the destination on a display, this could be done on said display.

For reasons of the exact detection of the environment in the area of access or exit, it is advantageous to arrange the sensor unit in the area of the access and / or exit, preferably above it. The same applies to the detection unit. In terms of an advantageous dual use of components, it makes sense to use the sensor unit in second use as a detection unit. It is assumed here that the scanning principle is equally suitable for both tasks, namely object detection and gesture detection.

Furthermore, it is advantageous, as already described above, to carry out a closer designation of the location on the gesture, to use a light-emitting device, for example a projection device or a laser, in the area of the entrance and / or exit. Such a light-emitting device would preferably be arranged under the inlet or outlet or next to it, in the lower, near-ground area to avoid glare of persons.

It should be pointed out that the detection, control, data transmission, dialogue, output or evaluation units described above and also do not necessarily have to be implemented as hardware components. As above addressed, it is now common practice to form such components as software routines that are executed by means of computing units and use existing hardware components such as sensors, actuators, etc. Today's vehicles have a large number of such computing units, which are networked together for data transmission and execute a wide variety of control, regulation, analysis, and data transmission routines. Likewise, a variety of sensors and actuators are used in today's conventional vehicles, which can be used for different purposes. The terms sensors and actuators are to be understood in their most general meaning.

Applicable is the method described above, or the arrangement described above in vehicles, especially commercial vehicles, particularly preferably in commercial vehicles for passenger transport.

Fig. 1

Einen an einer Haltestelle stehenden Stadtbus

Fig. 2

Den Stadtbus aus Fig. 1 aus anderer Perspektive in Teildarstellung

Fig. 3

Ein Funktionsblockbild einer Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Fig. 4

Ein Flussdiagramm eines beispielhaften Verfahrensablaufs

Fig. 5a bis 5c

Eine erste beispielhafte Darstellung auf einer Anzeige

Fig. 6

Eine zweite beispielhafte Darstellung auf einer Anzeige

Further embodiments and advantages of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings, in which:

Fig. 1

A city bus standing at a stop

Fig. 2

The city bus Fig. 1 from a different perspective in partial representation

Fig. 3

A functional block diagram of an arrangement for carrying out the method

Fig. 4

A flowchart of an exemplary process flow

Fig. 5a to 5c

A first exemplary representation on a display

Fig. 6

A second exemplary representation on a display

The representation in Fig. 1 shows an everyday situation at a bus stop in a schematic representation from above. A city bus 1 has stopped at a bus stop 2. At the bus stop 2 are waiting persons 3, a zusteigwillige person 4, and a passer 5. In the city bus 1 is a passenger 6. The zusteigwillige person 4, the passer 5 and the passenger 6 hold in the area of the doors 7 of the city bus 1 and are detected by an outdoor sensor 8 (accessing person 4 and passer 5) and an interior sensor 9 (passenger 6). The first object detection area 10 of the outside sensor 8 and the second object detection area 11 of the inside sensor 9 are indicated by dashed lines. Furthermore, in the exterior area, a first gesture detection area 12 and in the interior area a second gesture detection area 13 are indicated by hatching.

The gesture detection areas 12, 13 are respectively made visible by light projections, which are generated by means of a corresponding projection device, on the floor before the entrance or exit for access or exit. More about this is Fig. 2 to remove, where only the outdoor area of the scene according to Fig. 1 is shown. It should be noted at this point that arrangement and procedure for persons who want to get into the city bus 1 and passengers who want to leave the city bus1, are analogously the same, so that in order to avoid repetition, only the approach side is considered in the further description ,

Fig. 2 shows in a first partial representation (representation in a large circle) a section of the scene according to Fig. 1 , schematically, from a second angle. The second point of view is in the Fig. 1 indicated by the arrow 14. Since it is the same scene, the same reference numerals are used for the same objects. From the perspective in Fig. 2 It can be seen that a display unit 15 is arranged above the doors 7 on the city bus 1. Further, the city bus 1, respectively below the doors 7, extendable boarding aids 16, which serve to facilitate boarding, or getting out, for example, for wheelchair users or for persons with prams.

In order to better represent the area below the doors 7, shows Fig. 2 in a further partial view (representation in a small circle), a section of the scene from a third angle, which is indicated by the arrow 17 ( Fig. 2 ) is indicated. In this further partial representation, in turn, the boarding aids 16, and a projection device 18 can be seen, wherein the projection device 18, the ready in connection with Fig. 1 raised light projection on the ground generated before the access, which features the first gesture detection area 12.

To the below in connection with Fig. 4 to perform a method described in more detail for the contactless opening of an access and / or output, at least temporarily functional units are required, as described in US Pat Fig. 3 are shown. It shows Fig. 3 the functional units in a block diagram, which, as already stated above, not necessarily be designed as hardware components, or in which hardware components, such as sensors or actuators, may be subject to multiple uses.

• Eine Sensoreinheit 20, die das sich Annähern eines Objektes an den Zugang und/ oder Ausgang und/ oder die Gegenwart eines Objektes im Umgebungsbereich der Zugangs und/ oder Ausgangs detektiert. Im Beispiel nach Fig. 1 wären diese Objekte die zusteigewillige Person 4, der Passant 5 im Außenbereich und der Fahrgast 6 im Innenbereich.
• Eine Dialogeinheit 21, die bei Erkennen einer Annäherung wenigstens eines Objektes an den Zugang und/ oder Ausgang und/ oder bei Erkennen der Gegenwart wenigstens eines Objektes im Bereich des Zugangs und/ oder Ausgangs einen Dialog initiiert, derart, dass die Dialogeinheit eine Information über die Möglichkeit des berührungslosen Öffnens des Zugangs und/ oder Ausgangs und eine Information darüber, wie des Öffnen zu vollziehen ist, generiert.
• Eine Ausgabeeinheit 22, die die von der Dialogeinheit generierte Information, optisch über eine Anzeige 22' und/ oder akustisch über einen Lautsprecher 22" wahrnehmbar, in Richtung der erkannten Objekte darbietet,
• Eine Detektionseinheit 23, die auf Gesten anspricht, die ein Objekt in Reaktion auf das Dialogangebot tätigt und die diese Gesten in eine Binärinformation umwandelt,
• Eine Auswerteeinheit 24, die mit der Detektionseinheit 23 verbunden ist und die die von der Detektionseinheit 23 erzeugte und übertragene binäre Reaktionsinformation mit in einem Speicher 25 gespeicherten Binärinformation vergleicht und bei Übereinstimmung der binären Reaktionsinformation mit den gespeicherten Binärinformation innerhalb einer vorgebbaren Bandbreite, ein Öffnungssignal abgibt.
• Aktuatoren 26, 26', die mit der Auswerteeinheit 24 verbunden sind und bei Anliegen des Öffnungssignals den Zugang und/ oder Ausgang öffnen und gegebenenfalls Hilfseinrichtungen betätigen. Im Beispiel nach den Figuren 1 und 2 wären die mittels der Aktuatoren 26, 26' zu betätigenden mechanischen Einrichtungen die Türen 7 und die Einstiegshilfen 16.

As shown in Fig. 3 the arrangement for carrying out the method has the following components at least temporarily:

• A sensor unit 20, which detects the approach of an object to the entrance and / or exit and / or the presence of an object in the surrounding area of the entrance and / or exit. In the example below Fig. 1 these objects would be the zusteigewillige person 4, the Passant 5 in the outdoor area and the passenger 6 in the interior.
• A dialog unit 21, which initiates a dialogue when recognizing an approach of at least one object to the entrance and / or exit and / or recognizing the presence of at least one object in the area of access and / or exit, such that the dialog unit provides information about the Possibility of contactless opening of the access and / or exit and information on how to perform the opening is generated.
• An output unit 22, which presents the information generated by the dialogue unit, visually via a display 22 'and / or acoustically via a loudspeaker 22 "perceptible, in the direction of the detected objects,
• A detection unit 23 that responds to gestures that an object makes in response to the dialogue offer and converts those gestures into binary information;
• An evaluation unit 24 which is connected to the detection unit 23 and which compares the binary reaction information generated and transmitted by the detection unit 23 with binary information stored in a memory 25 and outputs an opening signal if the binary reaction information matches the stored binary information within a predefinable bandwidth.
• Actuators 26, 26 ', which are connected to the evaluation unit 24 and open at the request of the opening signal access and / or output and optionally actuate auxiliary equipment. In the example of the Figures 1 and 2 the mechanical devices to be actuated by means of the actuators 26, 26 'would be the doors 7 and the access aids 16.

Although the above-mentioned sensor unit 20 and the detection unit 23 have different tasks, but, as in the Figures 1 and 2 indicated, forming a structural unit. It is even possible that only once existing sensors for both purposes be used and, where appropriate, use even more functional units of these sensors. Thus, it is conceivable, for example, for both the sensor unit 20 and the detection unit 23 to use an image sensor in order, on the one hand, to detect objects and convert them into binary information and, on the other hand, to record gestures and convert them into binary information. In such a case, the image sensor could be used in a third-party use for a panoramic view arrangement and could take over the image of the right in the direction of travel of the city bus vehicle environment.

Of course, the above-mentioned actuators 26, 26 'can also be used by processes other than the above-mentioned method for non-contact opening, namely whenever an opening of the input or output is to be made.

The same applies to the output unit 22, that is to say for the display 22 'and the loudspeaker 22 ". For example, the display 22' can be used in a secondary benefit to indicate the destination of the journey of the city bus 1 or the loudspeaker can be used for warning messages of the driver of the city bus 1 acoustically.

As far as the function blocks dialog unit 21 and evaluation unit 24 are concerned, these are software-based processes which are executed on one or more arithmetic units, wherein these arithmetic units assume in parallel many other control and regulating tasks which are to be performed in a vehicle. Of course, the determination of objects, as well as the identification of gestures, apart from the necessary sensors (in the example of the Figures 1 and 2 the outside sensor 8 and the inside sensor 9), software-based processes for which the above applies in parallel.

In the following, it will now be shown by means of control steps how the method for contactless opening works. For this purpose, it is assumed that the method is activated when the vehicle is started, ie it is started and runs as a software-based method quasi-parallel with other control and regulating methods. It is further assumed that an opening of the entrance and exit can only be made when the vehicle is stationary and the non-contact opening has been released by the driver.

In a control step 30, a query is made whether the non-contact door open has been activated and whether the speed of the vehicle is zero. If the query does not match, the query is retried.

If the query in the control step 30, in a control step 31 is a query whether the access / exit is closed. If this is not the case, the method continues with control step 30.

If the query applies in control step 31, a query is made in a control step 32 as to whether an object has been detected which is located in a predetermined region monitored by sensors. If no object was detected, the method continues with control step 30.

If the query applies in the control step 32, in a control step 33, a counter is set to an output value Z = X, where "Z" is the count and "X" is a natural number in binary form. Then, in a control step 34, a dialog is initiated. A dialogue is to be understood here as meaning, for example, that a representation appears on a display, as it appears in the text FIGS. 5a to 5c or in the FIG. 6 is shown. Reference is made to the description below.

In a subsequent control step 35, a query is then made as to whether a gesture was detected in response to the initiated dialogue, this is not the case, control step 36 follows, the query in control step 35 applies, control step 38 follows.

In control step 36, a query is made whether the count Z = 0. If this query is followed by control step 30.

If the query in control step 36 does not apply, in a control step 37 the count "Z" is set to the value Z _new = Z _old -1, ie decremented by 1 and then the control step 34 is continued.

The query in control step 36 causes the dialog offer in control step 34 is repeated only "X" times, where "X" is the output value of the count.

If the query applies in control step 35, a query is made in a control step 38 as to whether there is a match with a stored gesture. For this purpose, it is assumed that in a subroutine, not shown, a binary information obtained from a sensor query is compared with a stored binary information. If a match has been found, control step 41 is continued; if no match is found, control step 39 follows.

In control step 39 it is queried whether the counter reading Z = 0. If this query is followed by control step 30.

If the query does not occur in control step 39, in a control step 40 the count "Z" is set to the value Z _new = Z _old -1, ie decremented by 1 and then the control step 34 is continued.

Again, the query in control step 39 causes the dialogue offer in control step 34 is repeated only "X" times, where "X" is the output value of the count.

In a determined in control step 38 match are actuated in control step 41 actuators that open the inlet and outlet and extend if necessary boarding aids.

After carrying out the control step 41 we proceeded with control step 30, the closing of the entrance and exit, and the retraction of exit aids does not occur automatically in the example chosen, but is a triggered by the driver process, because there are special security risks. Provided that corresponding safety devices are provided which prevent a person-endangering closing of the entry or exit, or retraction of exit aids, of course, an automatic closing or retraction can be provided by, for example, in a control step 41 downstream query ( in Fig. 4 not shown) determines whether an object is in the scanning range of the above-mentioned sensors. If this is not the case, the entrance or exit is closed.

In order to avoid as far as possible the opening of the dialogue in control step 34 triggered by passers-by, an extension can be provided in the method sequence described above such that, as in FIG Fig. 4 indicated by dashed connecting lines, after control step 32, in a control step 42, a delay element VZ started and queried after its expiry in control step 43, if an object was detected, which is located in the predetermined area monitored by the sensors. If no object was detected, the method continues with control step 30. If an object has been detected, control step 33 follows.

Of course, the method described above by way of example can be expanded in many ways, supplemented or adapted to particular circumstances, without changing the basic procedure. Where the core of the procedure is a detected object from which one initially does not know whether it is a person to offer a dialogue by giving information in the direction of the object and detecting whether the object reacts in a manner corresponding to the information. If the response occurs, it is interpreted as confirmation that a person is present who wishes the procedure offered in the dialogue (for example, opening access).

When using the above method in a public transport, it is important to make the dialogue offered to the detected object as simple as possible. For this purpose, the information offered that contact-free opening is possible and how the opening is to be triggered must be as simple as possible and largely comprehensible without background knowledge. Such "information" is below in the FIGS. 5a-5c and 6 shown.

In the Fig. 5a - 5c a dynamic, time-varying information is shown, which is displayed on a run display 50. The reaction to the information offered is queried simultaneously with the provision of the dynamic information via a detection unit (not shown here), which uses a camera 51 to scan. The camera 51 is, as indicated by an arrow 60 symbolizing the recording direction, aligned such that an object 52 located in front of the running display 50 is detected. It is assumed in this example that in a previous method step, the object 52 has been detected, to which the opening of the access is now offered by initiating the dialog. For this purpose, on the run display 50, at the right edge, first of all the representation of a dynamic icon 53, which shows a closed door, to which an arrow is directed. If the object 52 is a person willing to join, it will look at the representation and thus assume a specific first viewing angle which is indicated by the arrow 54. This first viewing angle is registered by the detection unit via the camera 51. The dynamic presentation of the information is now designed so that the representation of the dynamic icon 53, as in Fig. 5b shown, on the run indicator moves to the left. The eyes of an addicted person, directed at the pictogram, will follow this movement and thus assume in turn the viewing angles indicated by the arrows 56, 57 and 58, the change of the viewing angle being registered by the detection unit via the camera 51. If the representation of the dynamic icon 53 has reached the left edge of the run display 50, the viewing angle of a viewing person has a change from right to left completed, this change of the viewing angle was registered via the camera 51 by the detection unit. The detected viewing angle change is now interpreted by the evaluation unit as the opening request of a person wishing to board and, as shown in FIG Fig. 5c , on the left edge of the run display 50 for confirmation a modified icon 59 is shown flashing an open door. At the same time, the opening of the access or exit is accomplished by actuation of corresponding actuators.

If no change in the viewing angle is registered in the illustration of the pictogram 53 described above, the changed pictogram 59 is not displayed flashing and the access remains closed.

In the dialog described above, the gesture to be carried out by a person who is to be admitted is already embedded in the dialog guidance, so that the deliberate implementation of a gesture displayed on a display is omitted because it has already been unconsciously performed.

A second way of information that a non-contact opening is possible and how to initiate the opening shows Fig. 6 , Here is shown on a static display 61, at the left edge of a first icon 62, which in turn represents a closed door symbolically. To the right of this, the static display 61 shows a second icon 63, which shows a stick figure with lowered arms, on whose chest the numeral "1" is to be read. Again on the right next to it is found in the representation on the static display 61, a third pictogram 64, which shows a stick figure with laterally, horizontally raised arms and wearing the number "2" on the chest. To the right of this representation appears a fourth pictogram 65, which shows a stick figure with lowered arms, on the chest of which the figure "3" is shown. To the right of the fourth icon 65, the static indicator 61 shows a fifth icon 66 representing an opened door.

The above-described display on the static display 61 gives a person who views them the information that opening by gesture is possible by raising the arms laterally, horizontally, and then lowering them again, starting from a lowered arms posture , If a person completes this gesture, this is registered by means of a detection unit, digitized and compared by an evaluation unit with a stored digital information. If a match is found, the opening is made by activating appropriate actuators.

Of course, the above-described display on the static display 61 can be made dynamic by displaying the icons 62 to 66 consecutively starting from the left, so that the action required to open becomes even more noticeable.

Of course, by way of derogation, for example, it is also possible to achieve the dynamization by means of a short image sequence or video sequence, which is displayed at a position on a screen.

As already indicated above, of course, the representations on the displays 50, 61 may be accompanied by explanatory acoustic instructions or information reproduced via loudspeakers, so that the necessary gesture for opening the entrance or exit is conveyed even more clearly.

It is also conceivable, by means of an acoustically transmitted instruction, to call for an acoustic vocalization accompanying a gesture, for example, by loudspeakers, requesting that the word "open" be repeated while the gesture is being executed. As a result, the probability that at least the gesture or the utterance is interpreted as an opening request is very high.

In order to specify the point at which the gesture is to be executed, for persons who want to open the entrance or exit, the display according to the examples can be used according to the FIGS. 5a to 5c and 6 are accompanied by a light projection, as in connection with the Figures 1 and 2 is described. Such a light projection can also be designed dynamically, for example, by successively decreasing concentric circles being projected in rapid succession. This dynamically points to the area where gestures are to be performed.

Finally, it should be noted that, of course, a selection of different gestures can be presented on ads and attentively made aware of what different effects the different gestures have. For example, a first gesture that opens the entrance or exit and a second gesture that opens the entrance or exit and additionally provides an entry or exit help.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

city bus

2

Bus stop

3

people waiting

4

eligible person

5

passerby

6

passenger

7

doors

8th

outdoor sensor

9

internal sensor

10

first object detection area

11

second object detection area

12

first gesture detection area

13

second gesture detection area

14

Arrow (second angle)

15

display unit

16

access aids

17

Arrow (third angle)

18

projection device

20

sensor unit

21

dialogue unit

22

output unit

22 '

display

22 "

speaker

23

detection unit

24

evaluation

25

Storage

26, 26 '

actuators

30 to 33

control steps

34

counter

35 to 43

control steps

50

overflow display

51

camera

52

Object (person)

53

dynamic pictogram

54 to 58

Arrows (angle of view)

59

changed pictogram

60

Arrow (recording direction)

61

static display

62 to 66

Pictograms one to five

Claims (16)

Method for the contactless opening of an access and / or exit on a vehicle, wherein a sensor unit (20) is provided on the vehicle, which is the approach of an object to the entrance and / or exit and / or the presence of an object in the surrounding area of the access and / or output detected, characterized in that a dialogue unit (21) is provided which upon detection of an approach of at least one object to the entrance and / or exit and / or upon detection of the presence of at least one object in the area of access and / or Initiated a dialogue, such that information about the possibility of contactless opening of the access and / or output and information about how to perform the opening, acoustically and / or visually perceptible via an output unit (22) in the direction of the object is presented that by means of a responsive and with an evaluation unit (24) for Informati Onsübertragung connected detection unit (23) the reaction of the object registered on the dialogue offer and the evaluation unit (24) that the evaluation unit (24) compares the transmitted reaction information with a stored information and that, if coincident within a predetermined bandwidth, the evaluation unit (24) generates an opening signal and thus an actuator (26, 26 ') controls, which opens the access and / or output. The method of claim 1, characterized in that the information about the possibility of contact-free opening of the access and / or output is a spoken and / or an alphanumeric and / or pictorial information a. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the information on how to perform the opening, an audible and / or alphanumeric and / or pictorial representation, which gesture is to be made for opening. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a timing element is provided which is temporally coupled with the initiating of the dialogue started being examined after which by means of a query routine determines whether the evaluation unit (24) has detected a match, and that, if no match has been found, the dialogue is initiated again, wherein it is preferably provided that the initiation of the dialog after a predeterminable number of Try set and resumed when the sensor unit (20) detects a change in the detected objects, such that these approach the entrance and / or exit or change their position. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the information about how to perform the opening includes a gaze guidance such that a change of gaze direction from a first fixation point to at least a second is predetermined and that the detection unit (23) in conjunction with the evaluation unit (24) registers the at least one viewing direction change and the evaluation unit (24) generates an opening signal when registering the gesture change, wherein it is preferably provided that the viewing direction change is forcibly controlled by the way the information is presented so that the information is presented in such a way that that the change of perspective when tracking the presentation of the information by a person is carried out automatically. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the information on how to perform the opening describes at least one gesture change such that a gesture is to be carried out from a first attitude to at least one second attitude and that the detection unit (23) in Connection with the evaluation unit (24) registers the at least one gesture change and the evaluation unit (24) generates an opening signal upon registration of the gesture change. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that when detecting the simultaneous approach of several objects to the entrance and / or exit and / or when detecting the simultaneous presence of several objects in the surrounding area of the entrance and / or exit, the method for contactless opening of the Access and / or exit prevented and the access and / or exit is opened. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, coupled to the detection of an object approaching the entrance and / or exit or located in its surrounding area, a delay timer is started in time and that the initiation of the dialogue takes place first, if the time specified by the delay timer has elapsed and the object is still located in the vicinity of the entrance and / or exit. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the information on how to perform the opening designates an area in front of the entrance and / or exit at which gestures are to be performed and in that the detection unit (23) is designed such that they register only gestures executed in said area, wherein it is preferably provided that a light-emitting device is provided and that the area to perform the gesture are marked by a light mark at a predeterminable time for a predeterminable time. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the information on how to perform the opening contains a selection of alternatives and that for retrieving the alternatives information on different gestures is displayed on the display device (22) and that the evaluation unit ( 24) compares the information supplied by the detection unit (23) with stored information and, if it matches within a predetermined bandwidth, drives those actuators (26, 26 ') associated with the recognized gesture. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the information on how to perform the opening in addition to the representation to make a certain gesture also includes a description to make a certain utterance that the detection unit (23) is formed, a To register vocal utterance and that the evaluation unit (24) compares the information transmitted by the detection unit (23) with respect to the detected gesture and the detected utterance separately with a stored information and that already at only one match within a predetermined Bandbereite, the evaluation unit (24 ) generates an opening signal and thus an actuator (26, 26 ') controls, which opens the entrance and / or exit. Arrangement for carrying out the method, characterized in that it contains the following elements: a sensor unit (20) which detects the approach of an object to the entrance and / or exit and / or the presence of an object in the surrounding area of the access and / or exit, a dialogue unit (21) which initiates a dialogue upon recognition of an approach of at least one object to the entrance and / or exit and / or upon recognition of the presence of at least one object in the area of access and / or exit, such that the dialogue unit ( 21) generates information about the possibility of non-contact opening of the access and / or exit and information on how to perform the opening, an output unit (22) which presents the information generated by the dialogue unit (21) acoustically and / or visually perceptible in the direction of the object, a detection unit (23) which responds to gestures or gestures and sounds and registers the reaction of the object to the dialogue offer, an evaluation unit (24) connected to the detection unit (23), which compares the reaction information transmitted by the detection unit (23) with a stored information and emits an opening signal if it matches within a predefinable bandwidth, - An actuator (26, 26 ') which is connected to the evaluation unit (24) and opens upon accessing the opening signal, the access and / or output. Arrangement according to claim 12, characterized in that the sensor unit (20) for object detection includes a radar and / or Lidar- and / or ultrasonic and / or Bildabtasteinrichtung and / or that the detection unit (23) for detecting the reaction of the object at least a camera and / or a laser scanner and / or a capacitive proximity sensor includes. Arrangement according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the output unit (22) and / or the sensor unit (20) and / or the detection unit (23) in the region of the access and / or output, preferably above this, is arranged and / or in that a light-emitting device is arranged in the region of the access and / or output, wherein the light-emitting device, controlled by the dialogue unit (21), projects a light mark. Arrangement according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the output unit (22) in at least one secondary use for outputting other information is used and / or that the sensor unit (20) is used in second use as a detection unit (23). Vehicle, in particular commercial vehicle, in which a method according to one of claims 1 to 11 is used or which comprises an arrangement according to one of claims 12 to 15.

Images