EP2915002A1 - Dispositif de génération d'une modulation d'un signal optique comportant des modulateurs à électro-absorption - Google Patents
Dispositif de génération d'une modulation d'un signal optique comportant des modulateurs à électro-absorptionInfo
- Publication number
- EP2915002A1 EP2915002A1 EP12794740.6A EP12794740A EP2915002A1 EP 2915002 A1 EP2915002 A1 EP 2915002A1 EP 12794740 A EP12794740 A EP 12794740A EP 2915002 A1 EP2915002 A1 EP 2915002A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- modulation
- voltage
- generating
- connector
- electrical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/21—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour by interference
- G02F1/225—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour by interference in an optical waveguide structure
- G02F1/2257—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour by interference in an optical waveguide structure the optical waveguides being made of semiconducting material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/015—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on semiconductor elements having potential barriers, e.g. having a PN or PIN junction
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/21—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour by interference
- G02F1/225—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour by interference in an optical waveguide structure
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/015—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on semiconductor elements having potential barriers, e.g. having a PN or PIN junction
- G02F1/0155—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on semiconductor elements having potential barriers, e.g. having a PN or PIN junction modulating the optical absorption
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/21—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour by interference
- G02F1/212—Mach-Zehnder type
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for generating a modulation of an optical signal comprising two electro-absorption modulators.
- the invention also relates to an optical circuit comprising the device for generating a modulation.
- the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing the optical circuit.
- the invention also relates to a use of the device for generating a modulation or the optical circuit for producing a vector modulation.
- Quadrature phase shift keying is a common example of vector modulation.
- Quadrature phase shift keying is often known as 4-PSK or QPSK for "quadrature phase-shift keying".
- This modulation uses a four-point equidistance constellation diagram around a circle.
- the QPSK modulation makes it possible to encode two bits per symbol, which makes it possible to obtain a better bandwidth than a modulation allowing coding with a single bit per symbol.
- these devices have a need for energy that increases with the flow. As a result, these devices are not well suited to operate in networks whose communication rates are greater than 25 gigabytes.
- the device for generating a modulation of an optical signal is complex to implement, in particular because many components (resistors, inductors in particular) are involved. There is therefore a need for a device for generating a modulation of an optical signal allowing a simplified implementation.
- a device for generating a modulation of an optical signal comprising a first electro-absorption modulator.
- the first electro-absorption modulator comprises a first P-doped semiconductor zone, a first N-doped semiconductor zone and a first active portion connecting the first two semiconductor zones.
- the device for generating a modulation also comprises a second electroabsorption modulator.
- the second electro-absorption modulator comprises a second P-doped semiconductor zone in electrical contact with the first N-doped semiconductor zone, a second N-doped semiconductor zone and a second active portion (56) connecting the two second zones. semiconductor.
- the device for generating a modulation of an optical signal also comprises a connector for introducing an electrical modulation. The introduction connector of an electrical modulation is in contact with the first N doped semiconductor zone and the second P doped semiconductor zone.
- the device comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken in isolation or in any technically possible combination:
- the first electro-absorption modulator comprises a first DC voltage input connector, the first P-doped semiconductor zone being connected to the first DC voltage input connector.
- the second electro-absorption modulator comprises a second connector for introducing a direct voltage, the second N-doped semiconductor zone being connected to the second connector for introducing a direct voltage.
- the device for generating a modulation comprises a modulated voltage generator connected to the introduction connector of an electrical modulation.
- the modulated voltage generator is adapted to apply sinusoidal modulation.
- the modulated voltage generator is adapted to apply a square modulation.
- the modulated voltage generator is adapted to apply periodic modulation.
- the device for generating a modulation comprises a first DC voltage source connected to the first connector for introducing a DC voltage.
- the device for generating a modulation comprises a second DC voltage source connected to the second connector for introducing a DC voltage.
- the two sources of DC voltages are suitable for delivering an opposite voltage.
- the modulated voltage generator is adapted to apply a voltage modulation whose average voltage is equal to the potential difference between the DC voltage delivered by the second DC voltage source and the DC voltage delivered by the first voltage source divided by two the modulated voltage generator is adapted to apply a voltage modulation whose average voltage is equal to the crossover point voltage of the optical transmission-voltage characteristic of the first electro-absorption modulator with the optical transmission-voltage characteristic of the second electro-absorption modulator.
- the device for generating a modulation further comprises a DC voltage source connected to the first DC voltage input connector, the second DC voltage input connector being grounded.
- the device for generating a modulation comprises a load, the load being connected to an electrical ground of the device for generating a modulation and the connector for introducing an electrical modulation, the load is a resistance.
- the load is a resistance in series with a capacitor.
- the invention also relates to an optical circuit comprising at least one device for generating a modulation of an optical signal as previously described and a light source capable of injecting light into the modulation generation device or devices.
- the light source is a distributed feedback laser.
- the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing the optical circuit as previously described, the method comprising the steps of producing the semiconductor regions of the device for generating a modulation and for producing semiconductor regions of the light source.
- the manufacturing process also includes a step of producing at most six electrical connections between semiconductor regions of the modulation generating device and the semiconductor regions of the light source.
- the electrical connections are metal contacts.
- the invention also relates to a use of a device for generating a modulation of an optical signal as previously described or of an optical circuit as previously described to perform a vector modulation.
- the use comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken in isolation or in any technically possible combination:
- the vector modulation is a phase shift binary modulation (BPSK modulation).
- the vector modulation is a phase shift and amplitude modulation.
- the modulation is a QPSK modulation.
- the modulation is QAM (for "Quadrature Amplitude Modulation”).
- FIG. 1 a schematic representation of a device for generating a modulation of an optical signal according to a first embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 a graph showing the optical transfer function of the modulation device of FIG. 1 as a function of the modulation voltage applied
- FIG. 3 a schematic view of an exemplary modulation device according to a second embodiment
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an example of an optical circuit comprising a laser and a modulation device according to a third embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic sectional view of part of the optical integrated circuit of FIG.
- upstream and downstream generally refer to the direction of propagation of light.
- the device for generating a modulation of an optical signal 10 illustrated in FIG. 1 presents an arrangement of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
- the device Generation of a modulation 10 is hereinafter referred to as "modulation device 10".
- the modulation device 10 comprises successively from upstream to downstream an input waveguide 12, a separator 14, two arms 16, 18, a recombination means 20 and an output waveguide 22.
- the separator 14 is a multimode interference coupler. Such a coupler is often referred to as the MMI coupler.
- MMI refers to the term "multimode interference” for "multimode interference” in French.
- the separator 14 is provided with an input 24 and two outputs 26, 28.
- the input 24 of the separator 14 is connected to the input waveguide 12 while the first output 26 of the separator 14 is connected to one end.
- the first arm 16 and the second output 28 of the separator 14 is connected to one end of the second arm 18.
- the recombination means 20, in the case of FIG. 1, is also a multimode interference coupler.
- the recombination means 20 is provided with two inputs 30, 32 and an output 34.
- the first input 30 of the recombination means 20 is connected to one end of the first arm 16, this end being opposite to the end which is connected at the first output 26 of the separator 14.
- the second input 32 of the recombination means 20 is connected to one end of the second arm 18, this end being opposite to that which is connected to the separator 14.
- the output 34 of the recombination means 20 is connected to the output waveguide 22.
- the two arms 16, 18 are in the form of waveguides having a refractive index allowing the propagation of a light wave.
- the first arm 16 comprises a first electro-absorption modulator 36.
- An electro-absorption modulator is often referred to by the acronym EAM which refers to the English terminology "electro-absorption modulator”.
- EAM electro-absorption modulator
- Such a modulator is a semiconductor device capable of modulating the intensity of a laser beam by means of an electrical voltage. Its operating principle is based, for example, on the Confined Quantum Starck effect (QCSE), ie a change in the absorption spectrum of the modulator caused by an applied electric field.
- QCSE Confined Quantum Starck effect
- the first electro-absorption modulator 36 comprises a first P-doped semiconductor zone 38, a first N-doped semiconductor zone 40 and a first active portion 42.
- the first P-doped semiconductor zone 38 is, for example, P-doped indium phosphide (InP) with zinc or any other p-type dopant.
- the first N-doped semiconductor zone 40 is, for example, N-doped indium phosphide with silicon or any other n-type dopant.
- the first active portion 42 is connected to the first two semiconducting zones 38, 40.
- the first active portion 42 is generally composed of a plurality of quantum wells.
- a quantum well designates a heterostructure of semiconductors whose behavior is close to the theoretical potential wells.
- the first electro-absorption modulator 36 comprises a first connector for introducing a DC voltage 44.
- the first P-doped semiconductor zone 38 is in electrical contact with the first DC voltage introduction connector 44.
- the first electro-absorption modulator 36 also comprises an electrical modulation introduction connector 46.
- the introduction connector of an electrical modulation 46 is in electrical contact with the first N-doped semiconductor zone 40.
- the second arm 18 comprises a phase-shifter 48 and a second electro-absorption modulator 50 different from the first electro-absorption modulator 36.
- This phase-shifter 48 is able to introduce a phase shift of ⁇ on the phase of an incident optical beam.
- the phase-shifter 48 is placed upstream of the second electro-absorption modulator 50.
- phase-shifter 48 is placed downstream of the second electroabsorption modulator 50.
- the second electroabsorption modulator 50 comprises a second P-doped semiconductor zone 52, a second N-doped semiconductor zone 54 and a second active portion 56.
- the second P-doped semiconductor zone 52 is, for example, in the same material as the first P-doped semiconductor zone 38.
- the second P-doped semiconductor zone 52 is in electrical contact with the first N 40 semiconductor zone and the electrical modulation introduction connector 46.
- the second N-doped semiconductor zone 54 is, for example, in the same material as the first N-doped semiconductor zone 40.
- the second electro-absorption modulator 50 also comprises a second connector for introducing a DC voltage 58.
- the second N-doped semiconductor zone 54 is in electrical contact with the second DC voltage introduction connector 58.
- the second active part 56 connects the two second semiconductor zones
- the modulation device 10 comprises a modulated voltage generator 60 and two DC voltage sources 62, 64.
- the modulated voltage generator 60 is connected to the introduction connector of an electrical modulation 46.
- the modulated voltage generator 60 is adapted to apply a modulation at the introduction connector of an electrical modulation 46.
- the electrical modulation is a periodic square modulation
- the modulation is random (binary data).
- the modulated voltage generator 60 is adapted to apply a periodic sinusoidal modulation.
- the modulated voltage generator 60 is able to apply a signal comprising one or more sinusoidal carriers and analog or binary data.
- the modulated voltage generator is adapted to apply signals from mobile stations in communication protocols such as Wi-Fi or Wi-Max.
- the first DC voltage source 62 is connected to the first DC voltage input connector 44.
- the first DC voltage source 62 is capable of delivering a DC voltage to the first electro-absorption modulator 36.
- the DC voltage is -2 volts (V).
- the second DC voltage source 64 is capable of delivering a DC voltage to the second electroabsorption modulator 50.
- the DC voltage applied by the second DC voltage source 64 is opposite to the DC voltage applied by the first voltage source 62.
- the DC voltage applied by the second DC voltage source 64 is 2V. .
- the modulation device 10 is illuminated by a light beam.
- This beam is, for example, from a laser.
- This beam is introduced at the input waveguide 12 and then separated at the separator 14 into two light beams F1 and F2.
- the first beam F1 is guided on a portion of the first arm 16 towards the first electro-absorption modulator 36.
- the second beam F2 is guided on a portion of the second arm 18 and passes through the phase-shifter 48.
- the phase-shifter 48 introduces a phase shift of ⁇ into the phase of the electric field of this second beam F2.
- This second beam F2 is then guided on another portion of the second arm 18 towards the second electroabsorption modulator 50.
- the modulated voltage generator 60 applies a square periodic voltage to the input connector of a modulation 46.
- the square voltage is represented by the curve 68 on the graph of FIG.
- This square voltage has a high level, a low level and a duty cycle of 0.5.
- the high level corresponds to 2 V and the low level to -2 V.
- the average value of the square voltage is equal to the potential difference between the DC voltage delivered by the second DC voltage source 64 and the DC voltage delivered by the first DC source 62.
- the average value of the applied square voltage is zero.
- the second electro-absorption modulator 50 When the applied square voltage is low, the second electro-absorption modulator 50 is subjected to a voltage of 2 V on the side of the DC voltage input connector 58 and a -2 V voltage on the DC side. electrical modulation introduction connector 46.
- the first electro-absorption modulator 36 is subjected to a voltage of -2 V on the side of the first DC voltage input connector 44 and on the side of the introduction connector of an electrical modulation 46. No electrical energy is supplied to the first electro-absorption modulator 36. From the curve 74 which illustrates the variation of the optical transmission as a function of the modulation applied for the first electro-absorption modulator 36, the first beam F1 is absorbed by the first modulator Electro-absorption 36. This corresponds to the operating point 76 in FIG.
- the recombination means 20 is thus illuminated only by the second beam F2 which is integrally transmitted to the output waveguide 22.
- the modulation device 10 when the square voltage is low, only the second beam F2 which has been phase shifted by ⁇ and passed through the second electroabsorption modulator 50 is transmitted.
- the first electro-absorption modulator 36 When the applied square voltage is low, the first electro-absorption modulator 36 is subjected to a voltage of -2 V on the side of the first connector for introducing a DC voltage 44 and a voltage of 2 V on the side of the introduction connector of an electrical modulation 46.
- the potential difference of 4 V applied to the first electro-absorption modulator 36 makes the first modulator with electro-absorption 36 passing.
- the associated operating point in FIG. 2 is point 78.
- the beam F1 is then transmitted at more than 80%.
- the second electroabsorption modulator 50 is subjected to a voltage of 2 V on the side of the second connector for introducing a direct voltage 58 and on the side of the connector for introducing an electrical modulation 46. No electrical energy n ' is supplied to the second electroabsorption modulator 50. The second beam F2 is absorbed by the second electroabsorption modulator 50. This corresponds to the operating point 80 in FIG.
- the recombination means 20 is therefore illuminated only by the first beam F1 which is integrally transmitted to the output waveguide 22.
- the modulation device 10 when the square voltage is at the low level, only the first beam F1 which has passed through the first electro-absorption modulator 36 is transmitted.
- the modulation device 10 thus has two modes of operation: a first mode in which the first electro-absorption modulator 36 is on and the second electro-absorption modulator 50 is not on and a second mode in which the first modulator with electro-absorption 36 is not conducting and the second electro-absorption modulator 50 is passing.
- the transition from the first mode to the second mode is controlled by the modulation applied at the input connector of an electrical modulation 46.
- the modulation device 10 illustrated in FIG. 1 is particularly suitable for carrying out a vector modulation.
- the modulation device 10 is well suited for carrying out a phase shift binary modulation (BPSK modulation). Furthermore, it should be noted that such operation of the modulation device 10 is maintained for different crossover voltages of the optical-voltage transmission curves 70, 74, assuming that the electro-absorption effects of the electromagnetic modulators absorption 36, 50 can be accessed by introducing a voltage into the connector introducing an electrical modulation 46.
- BPSK modulation phase shift binary modulation
- the modulation device 10 has the advantage of being relatively small in size. Typically the modulation device 10 extends over fifty microns ( ⁇ ).
- the modulation applied to the electrical modulation introduction connector 46 has a mean voltage equal to the arithmetic mean of the DC voltages applied at the two DC voltage input connectors 44, 58. In the particular case presented , the average voltage is zero.
- the electrical energy consumption of the modulation device 10 is lower than the electrical energy consumption of a Mach-Zehnder type modulator produced in a lithium niobate-based technology.
- the modulation device 10 is compatible with high data communication telecommunication networks.
- the modulation device 10 can be used for bit rates of 25 gigaBauds to 64 gigaBauds and more thanks to the large bandwidth available to the electro-absorption modulators 36, 50.
- the modulation device 10 is easy to implement. Indeed, the modulation device 10 comprises only three connectors: a single connector for introducing an electrical modulation 46 and two connectors for introducing a DC voltage 44, 58.
- the first DC voltage source 62 the second DC voltage source 64 and the modulated voltage generator 60, it is possible to control the two electro-absorption modulators 36, 50.
- FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment for the modulation device 10.
- the elements of the modulation device 10 according to the second embodiment which are common with the first embodiment are not repeated. Only the differences are highlighted.
- the modulation device 10 comprises a resistor 82.
- the resistor 82 is connected by one of its terminals to the introduction connector of an electrical modulation 46 and the other terminal to the electrical ground.
- the use of the additional resistor 82 allows the impedance matching between the two electro-absorption modulators 36, 50 and the modulation device 10.
- An optical circuit 100 is shown in FIG.
- the optical circuit 100 comprises a modulation device 10 according to a third embodiment and a light source 102 capable of injecting light into the modulation device 10.
- the optical circuit 100 is integrated. By this term, it is understood that the modulation device 10 and the light source 102 are made with at least one common layer, for example a common substrate.
- the light source 102 is, according to the example of Figure 4, a distributed feedback laser.
- the stimulated emission is resonant by Bragg diffraction and the feedback necessary for the laser emission is distributed over the entire perturbation recorded in the active medium.
- Distributed feedback lasers, or DFB lasers allow stable emission.
- the modulation device 10 comprises a resistor 84 and a capacitor 86 placed in series.
- the resistor 84 is connected by one of its terminals to the introduction connector of an electrical modulation 46 and the other terminal to a terminal of the capacitor 86.
- the other terminal of the capacitor 86 is connected to ground.
- the DC voltage introduction connector 58 of the second electroabsorption modulator 50 is connected to ground.
- the modulation device 10 does not include a second DC voltage source.
- the first DC voltage source 62 is adapted to deliver a voltage of -4 V while the modulated voltage generator 60 is adapted to apply a modulation whose average value is -2 V.
- this third embodiment is similar to the operation of the first embodiment illustrated in FIG. According to this third embodiment, a single DC voltage source 62 is used. This further simplifies the implementation of the modulation device 10.
- the proposed optical circuit has the advantage of being easy to manufacture. This will be better understood using the diagram in Figure 5.
- This diagram illustrates a sectional view of a portion of the optical circuit 100.
- the optical circuit 100 comprises a substrate 104 and an electrical connection 106.
- the substrate 104 is in semiconductor.
- the substrate 104 is of N-doped indium phosphide.
- the electrical connection 106 is a lower conductive layer of metal.
- the electrical connection 106 is connected to ground.
- the optical circuit 100 also comprises insulating layers 108, 1 10 partially covering the substrate 104.
- the insulating layers 108, 1 10 are insulating layers of indium phosphide.
- first insulating layer 108 On a first insulating layer 108, are the two electroabsorption modulators 36, 50. This means that the first insulating layer 108 is surmounted by two stackings 1 12, 1 14 of superimposed layers: a first stack 1 12 of the first semi zone P-doped driver 38, first active portion 42 and first N-doped semiconductor zone 40 and a second stack 1 14 of the second P-doped semiconductor zone 52, second active portion 56 and second N-doped semiconductor zone 54.
- the first insulating layer 108 is surmounted by a doped semiconductor area P 1 16 and a doped semiconductor area N 1 18.
- the optical circuit 100 also has electrical connections 120, 122, 124, 126 and 128 in the form of metal contacts.
- the optical circuit 100 comprises an electrical connection 120 between the first P-doped semiconductor zone 38 and the first DC voltage introduction connector 44.
- the optical circuit 100 also comprises an electrical connection 122 between the first N-doped semiconductor zone 40, the electrical modulation introduction connector 46 and the second P-doped semiconductor zone 52.
- the optical circuit 100 also comprises an electrical connection 124 between the second N-doped semiconductor zone 54 and the substrate 104 whose electrical potential is the mass.
- the optical circuit 100 also comprises an electrical connection 126 between the doped semiconductor area P 1 16 of the light source 102 and the substrate 104.
- the optical circuit 100 also comprises a voltage supply connector 130 of the light source 102 and an electrical connection 128 between the semi-conductor zone N 1 18 of the light source 102 and the power supply connector 130 in the source voltage. luminous 102.
- the manufacture of the optical circuit 100 involves the production of at most six electrical connections 106, 120, 122, 124, 126 and 128.
- the method of manufacturing the optical circuit 100 is easy to implement.
- the substrate 104 is made of silicon and the semiconductor zones 38, 40, 50 and 52 of the two electro-absorption modulators are in a "III-V" type semiconductor material.
- a "III-V” type semiconductor is a composite semiconductor manufactured from one or more elements of column III of the periodic table of elements (boron, aluminum, gallium, indium, etc.) and a or several elements of column V or pnictogenes (nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony ).
- the optical circuit 100 comprises several modulation devices 10 for generating a phase shift and amplitude modulation such as QPSK.
- the optical circuit 100 comprises two modulation devices 10 by transmission polarization state useful for the generation of the desired modulation.
- the first and second P-doped semiconductor zones are inverted with the corresponding first and second N-doped semiconductor regions.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2012/052539 WO2014068197A1 (fr) | 2012-10-31 | 2012-10-31 | Dispositif de génération d'une modulation d'un signal optique comportant des modulateurs à électro-absorption |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2915002A1 true EP2915002A1 (fr) | 2015-09-09 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP12794740.6A Ceased EP2915002A1 (fr) | 2012-10-31 | 2012-10-31 | Dispositif de génération d'une modulation d'un signal optique comportant des modulateurs à électro-absorption |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9864254B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP2915002A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2014068197A1 (fr) |
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| US9733542B2 (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2017-08-15 | Futurewei Technologies, Inc. | Multi-segment Mach-Zehnder modulator-driver system |
| FR3029651A1 (fr) | 2014-12-08 | 2016-06-10 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Dispositif de modulation d'amplitude d'un signal optique |
| FR3061783B1 (fr) | 2017-01-06 | 2019-09-13 | Stmicroelectronics Sa | Modulateur optique dote de diodes mach-zender de longueur reduite |
| CN109643030B (zh) | 2017-03-17 | 2023-12-15 | 洛克利光子有限公司 | 光学调制器及使用方法 |
| US12001115B2 (en) | 2017-03-17 | 2024-06-04 | Rockley Phonics Limited | Optical modulator and method of use |
| US10845670B2 (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2020-11-24 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Folded waveguide phase shifters |
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| US5963567A (en) * | 1997-02-13 | 1999-10-05 | Lucent Technologies, Inc. | Multi-wavelength laser source |
| JP2867995B2 (ja) | 1997-05-28 | 1999-03-10 | 日本電気株式会社 | 半導体マハツェンダ変調器とその製造方法 |
| US6647158B2 (en) * | 2000-09-15 | 2003-11-11 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Optical modulator using simultaneous push-pull drive of linear and quadratic electro-optic effects |
| US20030030882A1 (en) * | 2001-08-13 | 2003-02-13 | Brian Garrett | Optical pulse generation |
| US20040201079A1 (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2004-10-14 | Scott David C. | Single-electrode push-pull configuration for semiconductor PIN modulators |
| US20050157368A1 (en) | 2004-01-16 | 2005-07-21 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Quantum dots engineerable optical modulator transfer characteristics |
| US20080231933A1 (en) | 2007-03-24 | 2008-09-25 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Optical modulator |
| JP2010008763A (ja) * | 2008-06-27 | 2010-01-14 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 光変調デバイス及び光半導体装置 |
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2012
- 2012-10-31 EP EP12794740.6A patent/EP2915002A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2012-10-31 US US14/439,375 patent/US9864254B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-10-31 WO PCT/FR2012/052539 patent/WO2014068197A1/fr not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| None * |
| See also references of WO2014068197A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US9864254B2 (en) | 2018-01-09 |
| WO2014068197A1 (fr) | 2014-05-08 |
| US20150316829A1 (en) | 2015-11-05 |
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