EP2912423A1 - Dispositif de traitement d'une impulsion optique pour mesurer le contraste de celle-ci, et systeme de mesure du contraste utilisant le dispositif - Google Patents
Dispositif de traitement d'une impulsion optique pour mesurer le contraste de celle-ci, et systeme de mesure du contraste utilisant le dispositifInfo
- Publication number
- EP2912423A1 EP2912423A1 EP13779599.3A EP13779599A EP2912423A1 EP 2912423 A1 EP2912423 A1 EP 2912423A1 EP 13779599 A EP13779599 A EP 13779599A EP 2912423 A1 EP2912423 A1 EP 2912423A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- optical
- pedestal
- main peak
- contrast
- optical pulse
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J11/00—Measuring the characteristics of individual optical pulses or of optical pulse trains
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for processing an optical pulse for measuring the temporal contrast thereof, as well as a dynamic range (dynamic range) contrast measuring system using the device.
- the invention applies more particularly to the measurement of temporal contrasts of great dynamics, greater than 10 5 , on single-shot pulses.
- the invention is particularly useful for making temporal contrast measurements on the pulses provided by power lasers such as the Megajoule laser, for example.
- a photodetector associated with an oscilloscope is most often used.
- Such a technique has a drawback: with it, the measurement dynamic is not very high.
- an oscilloscope whose bandwidth is equal to 6 GHz has an effective dynamic of about 7 bits, that is to say about 10 2 .
- a system is also known that makes it possible to access measurements of temporal shapes of great momentum, from single-shot pulses.
- This system refer to the following documents:
- This known system makes it possible to measure a temporal shape of a pulse of great dynamics continuously; but it does not allow to measure contrasts greater than 10 3 . Indeed, the signals that are sent on the photodetector which it is provided are very close to the saturation of this photodetector.
- the pulse to be characterized has a peak power of the order of 400 mW: if the peak power of the input signal is greater than this value, the photodetector will be saturated. and if it is inferior to it, the contrast will be degraded.
- the present invention aims to overcome the above disadvantages.
- the contrast measurement of great dynamics, is made possible by the combination of different optical components.
- the combination of these with Specific electronic means and implementation makes the invention easy to use.
- the present invention relates to a device for processing an optical pulse, for measuring the temporal contrast thereof, the optical pulse comprising a pedestal and a main peak, also called the main pulse, on the pedestal , the device being characterized in that it comprises:
- an optical separation device comprising an input channel for receiving the optical pulse, and first and second output channels for respectively supplying the main peak and at least a portion of the pedestal, which part is used for the measurement of the optical pulse; temporal contrast,
- a temporal shifting device for temporally shifting the main peak and the portion of the pedestal relative to one another
- an attenuation device for attenuating the main peak so that the respective levels of the main peak and of the part of the pedestal are of the same order of magnitude
- an optical multiplexing device for multiplexing the main peak thus attenuated and the part of the pedestal thus offset temporally with respect to the main peak, the contrast then being equal to the ratio of the measurement of the level of the main peak to the measurement of the level of the part; pedestal, the levels of the main peak and the portion of the pedestal being corrected attenuations they respectively suffered in the processing device.
- the optical separation device comprises:
- an optical splitting device at an input constituting the input channel, which receives the optical pulse, and first and second outputs for respectively supplying first and second replicas of the optical pulse, the first output being connected to the first way out, and
- an optical amplitude modulation device having an input connected to the second output, and an output connected to the second output channel, and provided for eliminate the main peak of the second replica and pass only the part of the pedestal, when a control signal provided for this purpose, is applied thereto.
- the device, object of the invention can then further comprise a triggering device for triggering the modulation device by the main peak of the optical pulse.
- this triggering device comprises:
- an opto-electric conversion device which receives the part thus taken out and supplies an electrical signal, representative thereof
- the modulation device is controlled by the electrical signal.
- the control signal, applied to the optical amplitude modulation device is preferably of sufficient duration that this optical amplitude modulation device also eliminates the portion of the optical pulse in which the first optical pulse replica will recombine with the output signal of the optical amplitude modulation device.
- control signal of the optical amplitude modulation device is proportional to the optical pulse.
- the optical separation device comprises an optical amplitude modulator, having an input, which constitutes the input channel for receiving the optical pulse, and first and second outputs which are complementary to each other and constitute respectively the first and second output channels for respectively providing the main peak and the part of the pedestal, when a control signal, provided for this purpose, is applied to the modulator.
- the time shift device comprises an optical fiber.
- the multiplexing device comprises an optical coupler.
- the attenuation device is tunable.
- the present invention also relates to a system for measuring the temporal contrast of an optical pulse, comprising:
- a photodetection device for detecting the main peak and the part of the pedestal which have been multiplexed and for providing an electrical signal which is representative of the respective levels of the main peak and the pedestal portion
- an electronic processing device for processing the electrical signal in order to determine the value of the contrast.
- the electronic processing device comprises an oscilloscope or a digitizer.
- FIG 1 is a schematic view of a first particular embodiment of the device, object of the invention.
- FIG. 2 diagrammatically illustrates the possibility of measuring the contrast of a pulse having a non-negligible continuous bottom by means of the device represented in FIG. 1,
- FIG. 3 diagrammatically illustrates an example of a laser pulse whose temporal contrast is to be measured
- FIG. 4 diagrammatically illustrates the signal obtained at the output of the modulator included in the device of FIG. 1, if the main peak of this laser pulse is clipped, and
- FIG 5 is a schematic view of a second particular embodiment of the device object of the invention. DETAILED PRESENTATION OF PARTICULAR EMBODIMENTS
- Figure 1 is a schematic view of a particular embodiment of the device object of the invention. This device is fully fiberized and intended to process a laser pulse to measure the time contrast in single-shot or recurrent mode.
- FIG. 1 also shows a system according to the invention for measuring the temporal contrast C of the laser pulse.
- the latter comprises a pedestal I whose intensity is different from zero, as well as a main peak I I on the pedestal I.
- the system makes it possible, in particular, to measure temporal contrasts with a peak-plateau ratio greater than 10 5 in the recurrent mode or in a single-shot mode, on nanosecond laser pulses.
- the device and system shown in FIG. 1 can be adapted to a wide spectral range and to various types of pulses, by adapting their constituent elements thereto.
- the principle of the device consists in dividing the pulse into two signals which propagate on two measurement channels and which are identical but more or less attenuated according to the measurement channel considered.
- One of the channels is used to measure the pedestal I of the pulse and the other channel for measuring the peak I I.
- the pedestal without being disturbed by the peak, it eliminates the latter through an optical amplitude modulation device that allows only the pedestal (or, more exactly, at least a portion of this pedestal, which part is used for the measurement of the temporal contrast). Finally, the signals are recombined and analyzed.
- This device and the system that includes it it is possible to measure contrasts up to more than 10 5 .
- This limit (10 5 ) is imposed by the extinction rate of a simple modulation device which makes it possible to suppress the peak on one of the channels of measured. But this limit can be pushed back using a compound modulation device, for example a dual modulation device.
- the device for processing a laser pulse which is schematically represented in FIG. 1, comprises an optical separation device 2, comprising an input channel e for receiving the optical pulse, and first and second channels.
- S1, S2 output respectively to provide the main peak and at least a portion of the pedestal, which part is used for the measurement of time contrast.
- the processing device also includes a time shift device 4 for temporally shifting the main peak and the part of the pedestal relative to each other.
- the processing device comprises an attenuation device 6 for attenuating the main peak so that the respective levels of the main peak and the portion of the pedestal are of the same order of magnitude, and an optical multiplexing device 8 for multiplexing the main peak thus attenuated and the portion of the pedestal thus temporally offset from the main peak. We will return to the characteristics of this device 8 thereafter.
- the signal coming from the attenuator and corresponding to the attenuated peak has the reference PA in FIG.
- the contrast is then equal to the ratio of the measurement of the level of the main peak to the measurement of the level of the part of the pedestal.
- the levels of the main peak and the part of the pedestal are corrected for the attenuation they have respectively experienced in the treatment device.
- the optical separation device 2 comprises an optical division device 10 with an input constituting the input channel e, which receives the laser pulse, and first and second outputs si, s2 to respectively supply first and second replicas RI, R2 of the pulse laser.
- the first output si is connected to the first output channel SI (via an optical fiber).
- the optical separation device 2 also comprises an optical amplitude modulation device 12.
- the latter has an input em connected to the second output s2 (via an optical fiber), and an output sm connected to the second output channel S2.
- This modulation device 12 is provided to eliminate the main peak of the second replica and pass only the portion of the pedestal, when a control signal, provided for this purpose, is applied thereto.
- the modulation device 12 is an electro-optical modulation device. It is also possible to use an acousto-optic modulation device, but the performances of the latter are less good: it is slower than an electro-optical modulation device for suppressing a light pulse.
- the processing device further comprises a trigger device 14 for triggering the modulator 12 by the main peak II of the laser pulse (more precisely, by the first replica RI of the pulse laser in the case of Figure 1).
- This triggering device 14 comprises an optical coupler 16 for taking part of the first replica R1, and an opto-electric conversion device 18 which receives the part thus taken out and supplies an electrical signal representative of the latter. As can be seen, the amplitude modulation device 12 is controlled by this electrical signal.
- asymmetrical coupler 16 for example of the 90/10 type, which sends 10% of the optical energy which reaches it towards the conversion device 18.
- a symmetrical coupler, type 50/50 is also usable; but in this case, the attenuation device 6 is chosen to attenuate more weakly the pulse that reaches him.
- the use of the coupler 16 and the conversion device 18 causes a delay in the control of the modulation device 12. It may then be necessary to insert a delay optical fiber into the optical line which leads to the modulation device for the modulation device. avoid clipping control coming too late.
- the time shifter 4 comprises an optical fiber 20.
- the multiplexing device 8, as well as the optical splitting device 10 respectively comprise optical couplers 22 and 24.
- the attenuation device 6 is tunable.
- the order of the devices 4 and 6 could be reversed: the attenuation device 6 could precede the temporal shift device 4 instead of following the latter.
- the temporal contrast measurement system of the laser pulse shown in FIG. 1, comprises the laser pulse processing device, which has just been described, and a photodetection device 26 for detecting the main peak and the portion of the pedestal that has been multiplexed and to provide an electrical signal that is representative of respective levels NI, N2 of the main peak and the pedestal portion.
- This system also includes an electronic processing device 28 for processing the electrical signal to determine the value of the contrast C.
- this processing device 28 comprises an oscilloscope 30. Instead of the latter, it could also be used a digitizer.
- the attenuation device 6 is an optical fiber attenuator (in English, fiber-optic attenuator). Its function is to attenuate the intensity of the peak, more precisely the intensity of the optical signal RI so that the amplitude of this signal is of the same order of magnitude as the amplitude of the pedestal at the arrival at the photodetection device 26.
- it is a tunable attenuator or variable attenuator. It is possible to use a fixed attenuator, that is to say an attenuator which is not tunable; but the domain of use of the system is then limited. This is possible if the order of magnitude of the temporal contrast to be measured is known.
- Coupler coupling rate 22 and 24 90/10 • Optical insertion losses of the 12: 6 dB modulation device • Sensitivity of the photodetection device 26: 600 mV / mW
- variable attenuator 6 34 dB
- optical losses ILI approximately equal to 7 dB on the path of the device corresponding to the pedestal I
- optical losses ILII approximately equal to 54 dB on the path corresponding to the pulse II.
- the parameter that limits the system is the noise of the oscilloscope which is of the order of a hundred microvolts (200 ⁇ peak-to-peak).
- the intensity of the signal corresponding to the pedestal must be greater than this value.
- the device that has been described with reference to FIG. 1 can be adapted according to the needs:
- the coupling rates of the couplers 22 and 24 (and of the coupler 16 when it is present) can be selected,
- the delay can take place on one way or on the other: we can delay the peak with respect to the pedestal (by placing the temporal displacement device 4 on the way corresponding to the peak - case of figure 1) or delay the pedestal relative to the peak (by placing the temporal shifter 4 on the path corresponding to the pedestal),
- variable attenuation can be provided online to adapt to the contrast to be measured; a variable attenuator (tunable attenuator) is then used, which is the case for the device of FIG.
- a compound modulation device can be used to improve the extinction rate of this modulation device: the modulation device 12 is a simple modulation device, for example a Mach-Zehnder modulation device, but could be replaced by a modulation device composed, for example a dual modulation device, which may comprise two Mach-Zehnder modulation devices, which makes it possible to better suppress a high peak,
- An internal synchronization of the measurement system can be provided by detection of the optical pulse (case of FIG. 1),
- the sensitivity of the photodetection device 26 can be selected.
- FIG. 1 Various aspects of the system shown in FIG. 1 are specified below.
- the level of the pedestal is measurable provided that it is still present with respect to the peak at a duration greater than the response time of the modulator.
- the system shown in Figure 1 is a fully fiberized system. This requires that the signal to be characterized is transported by an optical fiber.
- This system makes it possible to measure temporal contrasts greater than 10 5 (50 dB). In fact, it depends on the level of the input signal: the higher this level is important the more the measurable contrast is important.
- This system uses active components and therefore needs to be calibrated.
- This system can be autonomous and synchronize itself; alternatively, it can be synchronized by the user.
- This system can be made compact and therefore easily transportable. It can also be used to measure the contrast of a pulse which has a significant continuous background. This is schematically illustrated in FIG. 2, where the system which has been described with reference to FIG. 1 is found, but at the entrance of which there is a laser pulse whose pedestal I * is not negligible compared with at peak II *.
- FIG. 2 the signals corresponding to those of FIG. 1 bear the same references, followed by the symbol "*".
- the electrical signal applied to the modulation device 12 is preferably of sufficient duration so that the modulator also closes the zone of the laser pulse whose contrast C is to be measured, in which zone the optical signal coming from the output SI, will recombine the signal having passed through the modulation device 12, that is to say the signal from the output channel S2.
- zone A If only the main peak (zone A, delimited by dashed lines) is clipped, the signal schematically illustrated in FIG. 4 will be given at the output of the modulation device 12.
- This other pulse IS is in zone B, which is delimited by dots and adjacent to zone A.
- Zone B corresponds to the place where the peak is to be recombined and, in this zone B, the signal is not negligible and can influence the measurement of the peak and thus the measurement of the contrast C.
- the electrical control signal which is applied to the modulation device 12, is advantageously proportional to the shape of the laser pulse to be measured. This allows, among other things, to implement the technique that has just been described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.
- the opto-electric conversion device 18 comprises, in a conventional manner, a photodiode associated with a first electronic circuit; the modulation device comprises, in a conventional manner, an optical amplitude modulator which is itself associated with a second electronic circuit; and the first circuit provides an electrical signal for triggering the second circuit.
- an opto-electric conversion device comprising the photodiode associated with an electronic circuit consisting of a programmable generator of electrical form
- FIG. 1 Another particular embodiment of the device for processing the laser pulse is schematically illustrated in FIG. 1
- the optical separation device 2 comprises an optical amplitude modulator 32 having an input, which constitutes the input channel e to receive the optical pulse, and first and second outputs which are complementary to one another. on the other and constitute respectively the first and second output channels S1 and S2 for respectively providing the main peak and the part of the pedestal, when a control signal SC provided for this purpose is applied to the modulator 32.
- the rest of the measurement system is unchanged: the optical fiber 20, the attenuator 6, the coupler 22, the photodetection device 26 and the oscilloscope 30 are found again.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1260137A FR2997186B1 (fr) | 2012-10-24 | 2012-10-24 | Dispositif de traitement d'une impulsion optique pour mesurer le contraste de celle-ci, et systeme de mesure du contraste utilisant le dispositif |
| PCT/EP2013/072014 WO2014064068A1 (fr) | 2012-10-24 | 2013-10-22 | Dispositif de traitement d'une impulsion optique pour mesurer le contraste de celle-ci, et systeme de mesure du contraste utilisant le dispositif |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2912423A1 true EP2912423A1 (fr) | 2015-09-02 |
| EP2912423B1 EP2912423B1 (fr) | 2016-08-24 |
Family
ID=47666270
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP13779599.3A Not-in-force EP2912423B1 (fr) | 2012-10-24 | 2013-10-22 | Dispositif de traitement d'une impulsion optique pour mesurer le contraste de celle-ci, et système de mesure du contraste utilisant le dispositif |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9335221B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP2912423B1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2997186B1 (fr) |
| HU (1) | HUE032094T2 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2014064068A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108007583B (zh) * | 2017-11-07 | 2019-12-03 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | 纳秒脉冲光信噪比测量装置 |
| CN108362389B (zh) * | 2018-02-02 | 2019-12-10 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | 提高超导纳米线单光子探测器计数率的方法及系统 |
| DE102023102206A1 (de) * | 2023-01-31 | 2024-08-01 | TRUMPF Laser SE | Kontrastmessung zur Laserpulseinstellung |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE69835090T2 (de) * | 1997-08-01 | 2007-01-18 | The University Of Rochester | Impulsmessungen mittels frequenzverschiebungstechniken |
| US6320692B1 (en) | 1998-11-27 | 2001-11-20 | Pirelli Cavi E Sistemi S.P.A. | Biasing system for an optical modulator with double output |
| US6633386B2 (en) * | 2001-07-23 | 2003-10-14 | The University Of Rochester | Optical pulse measurement using shearing interferometry, especially suitable for characterizing ultrashort pulses |
| US8759778B2 (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2014-06-24 | Anis Rahman | Terahertz time domain and frequency domain spectroscopy |
| FR2899328B1 (fr) | 2006-03-31 | 2008-05-09 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Dispositif entierement optique de decoupage de la dynamique d'un signal optique et systeme de mesure du signal, utilisant ce dispositif |
| CN102175334B (zh) * | 2011-03-01 | 2014-01-08 | 复旦大学 | 基于非谐波长波长取样光的脉冲信噪比单次测量装置 |
-
2012
- 2012-10-24 FR FR1260137A patent/FR2997186B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2013
- 2013-10-22 EP EP13779599.3A patent/EP2912423B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2013-10-22 HU HUE13779599A patent/HUE032094T2/en unknown
- 2013-10-22 WO PCT/EP2013/072014 patent/WO2014064068A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2013-10-22 US US14/435,903 patent/US9335221B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2014064068A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US9335221B2 (en) | 2016-05-10 |
| HUE032094T2 (en) | 2017-08-28 |
| EP2912423B1 (fr) | 2016-08-24 |
| FR2997186B1 (fr) | 2015-01-16 |
| US20150292952A1 (en) | 2015-10-15 |
| FR2997186A1 (fr) | 2014-04-25 |
| WO2014064068A1 (fr) | 2014-05-01 |
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