EP2910733B1 - Générateur de mousse pour un tunnelier à pression de terre et procédé de conditionnement du matériau de sol extrait en tant que moyen de support pour pression de terre - Google Patents

Générateur de mousse pour un tunnelier à pression de terre et procédé de conditionnement du matériau de sol extrait en tant que moyen de support pour pression de terre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2910733B1
EP2910733B1 EP14156561.4A EP14156561A EP2910733B1 EP 2910733 B1 EP2910733 B1 EP 2910733B1 EP 14156561 A EP14156561 A EP 14156561A EP 2910733 B1 EP2910733 B1 EP 2910733B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
foam
chamber
pressure
supplied
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14156561.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2910733A1 (fr
Inventor
Norbert Hörlein
Eugen Kleen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mc-Bauchemie Mueller & Co KG Chemische Fabri GmbH
Porr Bau GmbH
Original Assignee
Porr Bau GmbH
Mc-Bauchemie Mueller & Co KG Chemische Fabriken GmbH
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=50190249&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP2910733(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Porr Bau GmbH, Mc-Bauchemie Mueller & Co KG Chemische Fabriken GmbH filed Critical Porr Bau GmbH
Priority to EP14156561.4A priority Critical patent/EP2910733B1/fr
Priority to SG11201606676TA priority patent/SG11201606676TA/en
Priority to RU2016137915A priority patent/RU2681713C2/ru
Priority to MYPI2016702924A priority patent/MY177546A/en
Priority to US15/120,230 priority patent/US20170067339A1/en
Priority to JP2016554650A priority patent/JP2017514038A/ja
Priority to BR112016019543-4A priority patent/BR112016019543B1/pt
Priority to PCT/EP2015/053400 priority patent/WO2015128235A2/fr
Publication of EP2910733A1 publication Critical patent/EP2910733A1/fr
Priority to CL2016002133A priority patent/CL2016002133A1/es
Publication of EP2910733B1 publication Critical patent/EP2910733B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E21D9/0642—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield having means for additional processing at the front end
    • E21D9/0678—Adding additives, e.g. chemical compositions, to the slurry or the cuttings
    • E21D9/0685—Foaming agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/235—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids for making foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/311—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows for mixing more than two components; Devices specially adapted for generating foam
    • B01F25/3111—Devices specially adapted for generating foam, e.g. air foam
    • B01F25/31114—Devices specially adapted for generating foam, e.g. air foam with means for introducing an additional component, e.g. in predetermined proportion or in the main component
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/314—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit
    • B01F25/3142—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit the conduit having a plurality of openings in the axial direction or in the circumferential direction
    • B01F25/31421—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit the conduit having a plurality of openings in the axial direction or in the circumferential direction the conduit being porous
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/0018—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with devices for making foam
    • B05B7/0025—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with devices for making foam with a compressed gas supply
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/0018—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with devices for making foam
    • B05B7/0025—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with devices for making foam with a compressed gas supply
    • B05B7/0031—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with devices for making foam with a compressed gas supply with disturbing means promoting mixing, e.g. balls, crowns
    • B05B7/0037—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with devices for making foam with a compressed gas supply with disturbing means promoting mixing, e.g. balls, crowns including sieves, porous members or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
    • E21D9/124—Helical conveying means therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
    • B01F2101/49—Mixing drilled material or ingredients for well-drilling, earth-drilling or deep-drilling compositions with liquids to obtain slurries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2215/00—Auxiliary or complementary information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/04—Technical information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/0413—Numerical information
    • B01F2215/0436—Operational information
    • B01F2215/0468—Numerical pressure values

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a foam generator for a Erd horrschild tunnel boring machine with a mixing chamber having a first inlet opening for a foamable liquid and a second inlet opening for a gas and a foam outlet opening, one connected to the inlet opening for the foamable liquid copestikszu classroomvoriques and one with the inlet opening for the gas-connected gas supply device, wherein the mixing chamber has a flow chamber at one end of the inlet opening for the foamable liquid and from the other end a foam emerges, wherein a portion of the flow chamber is formed as Begasungsumble with a gas-permeable wall, wherein the Begasungsumble formed portion of the flow chamber adjacent to a pressure chamber, wherein the pressure chamber has the inlet opening for the gas and to the formed as Begasungsumble portion of the str so that the gas supplied through the inlet port enters the flow chamber through the gas permeable wall and mixes there with the foamable liquid to foam, wherein the gas supply device and the liquid supply device are formed so that the pressure of
  • the invention relates to a method for conditioning abraded soil material as a support medium for a Erd horrschild a tunnel boring machine, removed in the soil and a excavation chamber of the tunnel boring machine a foam is provided by providing at least one foam generator with a flow chamber and supplying a foamable liquid to the foam generator at one end of the flow chamber, and feeding the foam leaving the other end to the extraction chamber and mixing it with the removed soil.
  • a foam generator and a method of the type mentioned are from the CN 201 568 057 U known.
  • compressed air is supplied to an inner cylindrical chamber which is surrounded by a screen jacket.
  • the compressed air penetrates through the screen jacket into an outer chamber into which a foamable liquid is supplied.
  • the mixture of incoming air and foamable liquid is then in turn fed through a screen section through a foam exit opening.
  • a foam generator for an earth pressure tunneling machine and a method for conditioning excavated soil material as a support medium for a Erd horrschild a tunnel boring machine are also known from M. Thewe and C. Budach, "Schildvortrieb mit Erdbuchschilden: Possibility and Limitations of the Conditioning of the Support Medium", 7th Colloquium Building in Soil and Rock, Technische Akademie Esslingen, 26.-27.01.2010, S. 171-183 ,
  • a surfactant solution is first prepared by mixing water and surfactant, and this surfactant solution is fed to a foam generator where it is mixed with air. The air-surfactant solution mixture is then passed through a flow channel containing contaminants.
  • the disruptive bodies comprise grids arranged transversely to the flow direction and / or glass spheres arranged in the flow cross section between holding sieves. These bluff bodies generate turbulence and thereby foam, which is then passed into the excavation chamber.
  • the structure and size of the foam bubbles thus produced are more or less random and can not be tailored to the nature of the pending soil.
  • a foam lance in which flows into a tubular flow channel at one end of compressed air and a liquid foaming agent is sprayed onto a transversely arranged air flow baffle plate, then pressed the turbulent air-foaming agent mixture at the other end of the flow tube through a flow channel covering the porous foam generator is, wherein beyond the foam generator, the foam formed enters a housing volume and leaves the housing via an outlet opening.
  • the document US 2012/0269945 A1 discloses a dairy foam generator without tight barriers in the foamable liquid flow path.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a foam generator or a method of the type mentioned, the or a coordination of structure and size of the foam bubbles produced on the nature of the upcoming soil and at the same time an admixture of additives, the solid components in Contain form of particles, which allows formed foam.
  • the earth pressure shield tunneling machine foam generator of the present invention includes a mixing chamber having a first foamable liquid inlet port and a second gas inlet port and a foam exhaust port, a liquid supply device connected to the foamable liquid inlet port, and one with the gas inlet port connected gas supply device.
  • a first and a second inlet opening and an outlet opening further such inlet or outlet openings may also be provided.
  • the mixing chamber has a tubular flow chamber, at one end of which the inlet opening for the foamable liquid and at the other end is the foam outlet opening. This tubular flow chamber basically does not need to have either a constant or a circular cross-section and, moreover, can also be curved.
  • a section of the tubular flow chamber is designed as a gassing section with a gas-permeable porous wall.
  • the section of the tubular flow chamber designed as a gassing section is surrounded by a pressure chamber.
  • the pressure chamber has the inlet opening for the gas and surrounds the portion of the tubular flow chamber formed as Begasungsumble such that the supplied through the inlet opening under a pressure gas enters through the gas-permeable porous wall in the tubular flow chamber and there with the foamable liquid to foam mixed.
  • the gas supply device and the liquid supply device are formed so that the pressure of the gas supplied to the pressure chamber can be adjusted so that the pressure is greater than the pressure exerted by the liquid on the gas-permeable porous wall and that a desired ratio of supplied gas to supplied liquid is achieved.
  • a basic idea of the invention is to provide close-meshed barriers, such as the grids, holding sieves or glass bead packages or the one described in the above-mentioned US Pat.
  • Utility patents known porous foam generator to keep out of the flow path between Tensidatesseintritt and foam outlet, because such close-meshed barriers can enforce due to particles contained in the solution.
  • the gas supply device and the liquid supply device are designed so that the pressure of the gas supplied to the pressure chamber can be adjusted so that the pressure 0.5 to 2 bar, preferably 1 to 2 bar, greater than the pressure of Liquid is. This allows sufficient access of air for a desired ratio between foam volume flow and liquid supply, ie a desired FER (Foam Expansion Ratio).
  • the pressure chamber can adjoin the flow chamber on one side; Preferably, it surrounds or encloses the flow chamber partially or completely (except for the inlet and outlet ports).
  • the section of the tubular flow chamber designed as a gassing section has a constant flow cross-section.
  • the portion of the tubular flow chamber also has a circular cross-section. This simplifies the production.
  • the section of the tubular flow chamber designed as a gassing section is a hollow cylinder with a gas-permeable porous wall extending between the inlet opening for the foamable liquid and the foam outlet opening.
  • the hollow cylinder has a gas-permeable porous wall of constant thickness.
  • the gas supplied is air (i.e., compressed air) and the gas supply device is a compressor.
  • the foamable liquid is a water-surfactant mixture and the liquid supply device comprises a water-surfactant mixing device with which the quantitative ratio of water and surfactant can be adjusted.
  • a foam is provided by providing at least one foam generator with a tubular flow chamber, supplying a foamable liquid to the foam generator at one end of a tubular flow chamber, and a gas flow passage portion of the tubular flow chamber porous wall through in the flow chamber with the foamable liquid below Foaming mixed gas is supplied by the gas is supplied under a pressure which is greater than the pressure exerted by the liquid on the gas-permeable porous wall pressure of a pressure chamber which encloses the gassing section formed portion.
  • a foam generator with a Begasungs a predetermined length, a predetermined flow cross-section and a predetermined pore size and density provided and the ratio of supplied gas is adjusted to supplied liquid, so that a desired structure and size of the foam bubbles.
  • the foam exiting the other end of the tubular flow chamber is fed to the excavation chamber and mixed with the excavated soil.
  • the gas is supplied to the pressure chamber at a pressure which is 0.5 to 2 bar, preferably 1 to 2 bar, greater than the pressure of the liquid. This allows for a desired ratio between foam volume flow and fluid delivery, i. a desired FER (Foam Expansion Ratio).
  • the foam is supplied to the excavation chamber at a pressure which is 1 to 2 bar greater than the pressure in the excavation chamber. This allows the injection of desired amounts of foam.
  • the foam leaving the tubular flow chamber is fed at multiple injection sites in the excavation chamber to achieve a desired distribution of the foam.
  • the foam emerging from the tubular flow chamber can be supplied to injection sites on a cutting wheel and to a side of a pressure wall facing the excavation chamber.
  • the foam exiting the tubular flow chamber may be supplied to injection sites in a screw conveyor conveying the excavated soil from the excavation chamber.
  • the foam generator at the one end of the tubular flow chamber is supplied together with the foamable liquid, a solid.
  • the solid contains a bentonite powder or granules. The advantage of a barrier-free flow through the surfactant solution through the flow channel is utilized.
  • the foam generator is provided with a Begasungsumble a predetermined length, a predetermined flow cross-section and a predetermined pore size and density depending on the nature of the removed soil by using a selected parameters of the excavated soil serving as Begasungsumble hollow cylinder length and predetermined internal cross-section is selected with a gas-permeable porous wall predetermined pore size and density for the foam generator.
  • This allows for easy adaptation of the foam composition to changing soil conditions.
  • the differently shaped, serving as a gassing hollow cylinder can be easily replaced.
  • multiple gassing sections may be arranged in parallel in terms of flow, in which case a gassing section having the selected parameters is selected from the plurality of gassing sections arranged in parallel by blocking the supply of liquid and gas to the other gassing sections.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically some of the present invention essential elements of a tunnel boring machine 1.
  • a cutting wheel 2 carries with the aid of peeling knives and cutting rollers the soil at a working face of the tunnel.
  • the excavated soil then falls into a excavation chamber 3.
  • the excavation chamber 3 is bounded on the back by a pressure wall 4 of the tunnel boring machine 1.
  • the excavated soil is mixed by means of mixing blades, which are located both on the cutting wheel 2 and on the pressure wall 4, and usually mixed with conditioning agents.
  • the mixture formed in the excavation chamber 3 is then withdrawn by means of a screw conveyor 5 from the excavation chamber 3 and passed to a conveyor belt 6 for removal. About the speed of the screw conveyor 5, the amount discharged from the excavation chamber 3 and thus the necessary support pressure are regulated.
  • the propulsion is over (in FIG. 1 not shown) controlled hydraulic jacking cylinder, which are supported on the back of a last-built tunnel ring, wherein the tunnel ring composed of Tuebbings mentioned reinforced concrete segments.
  • Naturally grown soils often do not have the geological properties that would be required so that only the excavated soil in the excavation chamber can serve as a support medium. Therefore, conditioning agents are added.
  • water, clays (including bentonite), polymers and foams are used as conditioning agents in earth pressure shields. While water, clays and polymers are mainly used for the conditioning of fine-grained soils, with coarse-grained soils, surfactant foams are usually introduced into the soil-filled decomposition chamber 3 in order to condition it.
  • the surfactant foams usually consist of a large proportion of air, a proportion of water and a small amount of a surfactant.
  • FIG. 1 shows a surfactant solution tank 16, to which a surfactant from a reservoir 17 and water via a line 18 are supplied.
  • the surfactant solution is fed via a line 15 to a foam generator 14.
  • the foam generator 14 is supplied via a line 19 compressed air.
  • a (in FIG. 1 not shown) control device ensures that the surfactants and the supplied water are mixed in a predetermined ratio and fed to the tank 16 and that the surfactant solution via the line 15 and the compressed air via line 19 in a predetermined ratio and at predetermined pressures the foam generator 14 are supplied.
  • a foam is produced from the surfactant solution and the compressed air, which is then fed via a line 8 to a distributor 9.
  • the distributor 9 distributes the foam via lines 10 to injection points 11 in the cutting wheel 2 and via further lines 7 to injection points 12 on the pressure wall 4 as well as injection points 13 in the screw conveyor 5.
  • a (in FIG. 1 not shown) control device controls the respective injection sites 11, 12 and 13 supplied amounts of foam by a corresponding locations of the arranged in the lines control valves.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows only a foam generator 14.
  • a plurality of foam generators may be provided, which may alternatively be coupled into the flow path and which may also produce different foams.
  • separate foam generators may be provided for the different injection sites, allowing the parameters of the foams injected at the different injection sites to be related to the nature of the foam Mixture can be adapted to the respective injection sites.
  • the nature of the soil may change so that the parameters of the foam, such as the ratio of air and liquid or the size of the foam bubbles, can be varied depending on the soil quality detected, until a satisfactory result for propulsion is obtained becomes.
  • the foam parameters of the invention which are described in greater detail below can then be used to set the desired foam parameters, such as the foaming rate FER and the foam pore size, depending on the soil to be used.
  • the foam generator 14 allows, in addition, a solids content, for example a clay (in particular bentonite), to be added to the surfactant solution fed in via line 15. This is for example the stabilization of loose soil. This option expands the field of application of earth pressure shields.
  • a solids content for example a clay (in particular bentonite)
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the foam generator according to the invention 14.
  • a housing consists of two housing shells 20, 21, which are pressed together by means of bolts 31, wherein a seal 30 between the housing halves 20 and 21 is arranged.
  • Housing half 21 shown below has an inlet opening 22 into which a surfactant solution can enter.
  • the upper housing shell 20 has a foam outlet opening 24.
  • a hollow cylinder 25 with a porous wall 26 is arranged between the housing shells 20 and 21 in such a manner that one end face 27A of the hollow cylinder 25 bears tightly against an end wall of the housing shell 21, so that the surfactant liquid flowing into the inlet opening 22 is completely immersed a flow chamber 28 enters inside the hollow cylinder 25.
  • the other end face 27B of the hollow cylinder is also tightly connected to an end face of the housing shell 20, so that the foam emerging from the flow chamber 28 exits completely from the outlet opening 24.
  • the hollow cylinder 25 can be used with a porous wall 26 between the housing shells 20 and 21, so that after assembling and tightening the bolts 31, both the hollow cylinder with its end faces 27 A and 27 B at sealing surfaces of Housing shells rests as well as both housing shells are pressed tightly together.
  • a pressure chamber 29 surrounds the hollow cylinder 25. This pressure chamber 29 is connected to an inlet port 23 for compressed air. The compressed air flowing into the pressure chamber 29 via the inlet opening 23 penetrates via the pores of the wall 26 of the hollow cylinder 25 into the flow chamber 28, so that small air bubbles are added to the surfactant solution flowing through the flow chamber 28.
  • the pore size of the foam and the ratio between liquid and air, d. H. the foaming rate, on the one hand depend on the dimensions of the hollow cylinder and the pore size of the wall 26, on the other hand on the pressure ratios, d. H. the pressure of the air in the pressure chamber 29 and the pressure of the liquid at the inlet opening 22 and the pressure in the associated with the outlet opening 24 excavation chamber 3.
  • the pressure of the foam at the outlet opening 24 preferably 1 - 2 bar above should be the pressure in the excavation chamber 3.
  • the air pressure in the pressure chamber 29 is then between 1 and 2 bar above the pressure of the surfactant-water mixture at the inlet opening 22. In the usually occurring in the excavation chamber 3 pressures then results in an air pressure in the pressure chamber 29 of 1.5 - 6.5 bar.
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the in FIG. 2 schematically illustrated foam generator 14.
  • the two housing halves 20 and 21 held together with six stud bolts 31. It is in FIG. 3 to recognize the radially flanged to the housing shell 21 nozzle with the air inlet opening 23.
  • a plurality of parallelly arranged hollow cylinders with flow chambers 28 may be arranged in the pressure chamber formed by the housing shells 20, 21. It is also conceivable, conversely, for a concentric tube with a porous wall to be arranged within a cylindrical flow chamber through which the surfactant fluid flows, the compressed air being supplied to the interior of this tube, so that the air is directed outward through the porous wall is pressed into the surrounding flow chamber.
  • the porous walls between one or more pressure chambers and one or more flow chambers may be planar plates, the chambers being disposed in parallel adjacent one another.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Générateur de mousse (14) pour un tunnelier avec un bouclier à pression de terre (1), comprenant
    une chambre de mélange, qui comporte une première ouverture d'entrée (22) pour un liquide moussant et une deuxième ouverture d'entrée (23) pour un gaz, ainsi qu'une ouverture de sortie de mousse (24),
    un dispositif d'alimentation de liquide (15 à 18) relié avec l'ouverture d'entrée (22) pour le liquide moussant et
    un dispositif d'alimentation de gaz (19), relié avec l'ouverture d'entrée (23) pour le gaz,
    la chambre de mélange comportant une chambre d'écoulement (28) sur l'une des extrémités de laquelle se trouve l'ouverture d'entrée (22) pour le liquide moussant et hors de l'autre extrémité de laquelle sort une mousse,
    une partie de la chambre d'écoulement (28) étant conçue sous la forme d'un trajet de gazage avec une paroi perméable au gaz (26),
    la partie der chambre d'écoulement (28) conçue sous la forme d'un trajet de gazage étant adjacente à une chambre de compression (29),
    la chambre de compression (29) comportant l'ouverture d'entrée (23) pour le gaz et étant adjacente à la partie de la chambre d'écoulement (28) conçue sous la forme d'un trajet de gazage, de telle sorte que le gaz alimenté sous une pression à travers l'ouverture d'entrée (23) pénètre à travers la paroi perméable au gaz (26) dans la chambre d'écoulement (28) et s'y mélange avec le liquide moussant, en formant de la mousse, et
    le dispositif d'alimentation de gaz (19) et le dispositif d'alimentation de liquide (15 à 18) étant conçus de telle sorte que la pression du gaz alimenté dans la chambre de compression (29) puisse être réglée de sorte que la pression soit supérieure à la pression exercée par le liquide sur la paroi (26) perméable au gaz et qu'il soit obtenu un rapport souhaité entre le gaz alimenté et le liquide alimenté,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la chambre d'écoulement est une chambre d'écoulement (28) de forme tubulaire, avec un trajet de gazage comportant une paroi (26) poreuse perméable au gaz et en ce que l'ouverture de sortie de mousse (24) se trouve sur l'autre extrémité de la chambre d'écoulement (28) de forme tubulaire, de telle sorte qu'aucune barrière à maillage serré ne soit présente dans le trajet d'écoulement entre l'ouverture d'entrée (22) pour le liquide moussant et l'ouverture de sortie de mousse (24) .
  2. Générateur de mousse (14) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'alimentation de gaz (19) et le dispositif d'alimentation de liquide (15 à 18) sont conçus de telle sorte que la pression du gaz alimenté dans la chambre de compression (29) puisse être réglée de telle sorte que la pression soit supérieure de 0,5 à 2 bar, de préférence de 1 à 2 bar à la pression du liquide.
  3. Générateur de mousse selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la chambre de compression (29) entoure au moins partiellement la chambre d'écoulement (28) .
  4. Générateur de mousse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la partie de la chambre d'écoulement (28) de forme tubulaire conçue sous la forme d'un trajet de gazage comporte une section transversale d'écoulement constante.
  5. Générateur de mousse selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la partie de la chambre d'écoulement (28) de forme tubulaire conçue sous la forme d'un trajet de gazage comporte une section transversale de forme circulaire.
  6. Générateur de mousse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la partie de la chambre d'écoulement (28) de forme tubulaire conçue sous la forme d'un trajet de gazage est un cylindre creux (25) s'étendant entre l'ouverture d'entrée (22) pour le liquide moussant et l'ouverture de sortie de mousse (24), avec une paroi (26) poreuse, perméable au gaz.
  7. Générateur de mousse selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le cylindre creux (25) comporte une paroi (26) poreuse, perméable au gaz d'épaisseur constante.
  8. Générateur de mousse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le gaz est de l'air et en ce que le dispositif d'alimentation de gaz comprend un compresseur.
  9. Générateur de mousse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le liquide moussant est un mélange eau/agent tensioactif et en ce que le dispositif d'alimentation de liquide (15 à 18) comporte un dispositif de mélange (16) eau/agent tensioactif, permettant de régler le rapport quantitatif d'eau et d'agent tensioactif.
  10. Procédé destiné à conditionner du matériau de sol déblayé en tant que milieu de soutien pour un bouclier à pression de terre d'un tunnelier,
    du sol étant déblayé et amené dans une chambre d'excavation du tunnelier,
    en fonction de la nature du sol déblayé, une mousse étant préparée en mettant à disposition au moins un générateur de mousse avec une chambre d'écoulement de forme tubulaire, sur une extrémité d'une chambre d'écoulement de forme tubulaire, un liquide moussant étant alimenté vers le générateur de mousse, et à une partie de la chambre d'écoulement de forme tubulaire, conçue sous la forme d'un trajet de gazage, à travers la paroi poreuse, perméable au gaz de celle-ci étant alimenté un gaz se mélangeant dans la chambre d'écoulement avec le liquide moussant en formant de la mousse en ce que le gaz est alimenté dans une chambre de compression, qui entoure la partie conçue sous la forme d'un trajet de gazage sous une pression qui est supérieure à la pression exercée par le liquide sur la paroi poreuse, perméable au gaz,
    (en fonction de la nature du sol déblayé), un générateur de mousse avec un trajet de gazage d'une longueur prédéfinie, d'une section transversale d'écoulement prédéfinie et d'une taille et densité de pores prédéfinies étant mis à disposition et le rapport du gaz alimenté au liquide alimenté étant réglé de sorte à ce qu'il en résulte une structure et une taille souhaitées des bulles de mousse,
    aucune barrière à mailles étroites n'étant présente dans la section transversale d'écoulement entre les deux extrémités de la chambre d'écoulement de forme tubulaire, et la mousse produite sur l'autre extrémité de la chambre d'écoulement de forme tubulaire étant alimentée dans la chambre d'excavation et mélangée avec le sol déblayé.
  11. Procédé de conditionnement selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le gaz est alimenté dans la chambre de compression sous une pression qui est supérieure de 0,5 à 2 bar, de préférence de 1 à 2 bar à la pression du liquide.
  12. Procédé de conditionnement selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que la mousse est alimentée dans la chambre d'excavation sous une pression qui est supérieure de 1 à 2 bar à la pression dans la chambre d'excavation.
  13. Procédé de conditionnement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 12, caractérisé en ce que la mousse sortant de la chambre d'écoulement de forme tubulaire est alimentée dans la chambre d'excavation sur plusieurs points d'injection.
  14. Procédé de conditionnement selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que la mousse sortant de la chambre d'écoulement de forme tubulaire est alimentée sur des points d'injection sur une roue coupante, ainsi que sur une face dirigée vers la chambre d'excavation d'une paroi de pression.
  15. Procédé de conditionnement selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que la mousse sortant de la chambre d'écoulement de forme tubulaire est alimentée en supplément sur des points d'injection dans un convoyeur à vis sans fin convoyant le sol déblayé hors de la chambre d'excavation.
  16. Procédé de conditionnement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 15, caractérisé en ce qu'une matière solide est alimentée ensemble avec le liquide moussant vers le générateur de mousse, sur l'une des extrémités de la chambre d'écoulement de forme tubulaire.
  17. Procédé de conditionnement selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que la matière solide contient une poudre ou des granulés de bentonite.
  18. Procédé de conditionnement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 17, caractérisé en ce qu'on met à disposition le générateur de mousse avec un trajet de gazage d'une longueur prédéfinie, d'une section transversale d'écoulement prédéfinie et d'une taille et densité de pores prédéfinies en fonction de la nature du sol déblayé, en ce qu'à l'aide de paramètres choisis du sol déblayé, on choisit pour le générateur de mousse un cylindre creux faisant office de trajet de gazage d'une longueur prédéfinie et d'une section transversale intérieure prédéfinie avec une paroi poreuse perméable au gaz avec une taille et densité de pores prédéfinies.
  19. Procédé de conditionnement selon la revendication 18, caractérisé en ce que parmi plusieurs trajets de gazage placés fluidiquement à la parallèle, on choisit un trajet de gazage avec les paramètres choisis, en bloquant l'alimentation de liquide et de gaz vers les autres trajets de gazage.
EP14156561.4A 2014-02-25 2014-02-25 Générateur de mousse pour un tunnelier à pression de terre et procédé de conditionnement du matériau de sol extrait en tant que moyen de support pour pression de terre Active EP2910733B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14156561.4A EP2910733B1 (fr) 2014-02-25 2014-02-25 Générateur de mousse pour un tunnelier à pression de terre et procédé de conditionnement du matériau de sol extrait en tant que moyen de support pour pression de terre
BR112016019543-4A BR112016019543B1 (pt) 2014-02-25 2015-02-18 Gerador de espuma para uma tuneladora de escudo contra a pressão do solo, e método para condicionar material escavado do solo como meio de suporte para um escudo contra a pressão do solo de uma tuneladora
RU2016137915A RU2681713C2 (ru) 2014-02-25 2015-02-18 Пеногенератор для снабженной проходческим щитом тоннелепроходческой машины и способ кондиционирования вынимаемого материала грунта в качестве опорной среды для проходческого щита
MYPI2016702924A MY177546A (en) 2014-02-25 2015-02-18 Foam generator for an earth pressure shield tunnel boring machine and method for conditioning removed soil material as a support medium for an earth pressure shield
US15/120,230 US20170067339A1 (en) 2014-02-25 2015-02-18 Foam generator for an earth pressure balance shield tunnel boring machine and method for conditioning removed soil material as a supporting medium for an earth pressure balance shield
JP2016554650A JP2017514038A (ja) 2014-02-25 2015-02-18 泥土圧式シールドトンネル掘削機用泡発生器及び泥土圧式シールド用支持媒体として排土材料を改良する方法
SG11201606676TA SG11201606676TA (en) 2014-02-25 2015-02-18 Foam generator for an earth-pressure-balance-shield tunnel-boring machine and method for conditioning removed soil material as a supporting medium for an earth-pressure balance shield
PCT/EP2015/053400 WO2015128235A2 (fr) 2014-02-25 2015-02-18 Générateur de mousse pour un tunnelier à pression de terre et procédé de conditionnement de la matière de sol excavée en tant que milieu d'appui pour un confinement par pression de terre
CL2016002133A CL2016002133A1 (es) 2014-02-25 2016-08-24 Generador de espuma para una tuneladora con escudo de presion de tierras con una camara de mezcla, que presenta una primera abertura de entrada para un liquido que puede formar espuma y una segunda abertura de entrada para un gas asi como una abertura de salida de espuma, un dispositivo de alimentacion de liquido, un dispositivo de alimentacion de gas, porque una seccion de la camara de flujo tubular esta configurada como tramo de exposicion a gas con una pared porosa; procedimiento.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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EP14156561.4A EP2910733B1 (fr) 2014-02-25 2014-02-25 Générateur de mousse pour un tunnelier à pression de terre et procédé de conditionnement du matériau de sol extrait en tant que moyen de support pour pression de terre

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EP2910733B1 true EP2910733B1 (fr) 2018-03-21

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BR (1) BR112016019543B1 (fr)
CL (1) CL2016002133A1 (fr)
MY (1) MY177546A (fr)
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DE102016108447A1 (de) * 2016-05-06 2017-11-09 S O L O Kleinmotoren Gesellschaft Mit Beschränkter Haftung Verschäumungseinheit zum Erzeugen von Schaum aus einem Gemisch aus Gas und Flüssigkeit sowie Sprühgerät zum Erzeugen und Verteilen von Schaum
AU2017353306B2 (en) * 2016-11-03 2022-09-29 Nano Bubble Technologies Pty Ltd Nanobubble generator
CN108731956A (zh) * 2017-04-25 2018-11-02 同济大学 一种土压平衡盾构渣土改良模拟试验装置以及试验方法
CN108425681A (zh) * 2017-10-27 2018-08-21 宏润建设集团股份有限公司 一种气土联合平衡盾构机及其掌子面平衡控制方法
CN107890832B (zh) * 2017-11-22 2023-08-25 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 一种现场用蓄能液气泡钻井液发生装置及方法
CN108426908B (zh) * 2018-02-09 2020-05-19 上海大学 一种检测岩心中泡沫气液比的方法
DE102019205395A1 (de) 2019-04-15 2020-10-15 Ionys Ag Polyionen-Komplexe
CN111681525B (zh) * 2020-06-04 2024-08-27 同济大学 用于盾构土仓渣土流动和掘进系统受荷测试的装置及方法
CN112100709B (zh) * 2020-08-04 2022-05-10 中南大学 一种基于盾构合理掘进参数分析的渣土泡沫改良参数确定方法

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RU2016137915A3 (fr) 2018-08-30
BR112016019543B1 (pt) 2022-03-29
JP2017514038A (ja) 2017-06-01
US20170067339A1 (en) 2017-03-09
WO2015128235A2 (fr) 2015-09-03
MY177546A (en) 2020-09-18
RU2016137915A (ru) 2018-03-29
WO2015128235A3 (fr) 2015-11-26
EP2910733A1 (fr) 2015-08-26
SG11201606676TA (en) 2016-09-29
CL2016002133A1 (es) 2017-04-21
RU2681713C2 (ru) 2019-03-12

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