EP2867416A2 - Automatic flushing device for controlling the operation of a drain trap - Google Patents

Automatic flushing device for controlling the operation of a drain trap

Info

Publication number
EP2867416A2
EP2867416A2 EP13756522.2A EP13756522A EP2867416A2 EP 2867416 A2 EP2867416 A2 EP 2867416A2 EP 13756522 A EP13756522 A EP 13756522A EP 2867416 A2 EP2867416 A2 EP 2867416A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
siphon
main
outlet
level
charge accumulator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13756522.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2867416B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Claude Gress
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TP GEO Sas
Original Assignee
TP GEO Sas
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TP GEO Sas filed Critical TP GEO Sas
Publication of EP2867416A2 publication Critical patent/EP2867416A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2867416B1 publication Critical patent/EP2867416B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D19/00—Keeping dry foundation sites or other areas in the ground
    • E02D19/06—Restraining of underground water
    • E02D19/10—Restraining of underground water by lowering level of ground water
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/08—Siphons

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an automatic flushing device for regulating the operation of a drain-siphon comprising at least one vertical drain implanted in a ground to be stabilized, this drain being pumped by a main siphon whose upstream and downstream ends are immersed each in a liquid reservoir whose level is defined by a reference plane, said automatic flushing device comprising at least one vertical charge accumulator containing said reservoir into which the downstream end of said main siphon opens, this charge accumulator being pumped by a secondary siphon whose downstream end terminates in a main outlet, said secondary siphon being partially isolated inside a bell connected to said charge accumulator by a perforated lower part and the upstream end of said secondary siphon communicating with the atmosphere through a control duct.
  • the deep drainage of the soil is carried out by discharging the liquid captured, mainly water, by means of one or more vertical drains arranged in the ground.
  • This drainage can be carried out by various techniques such as pumping, gravity evacuation, siphoning.
  • the invention applies to the latter technique namely to perform a pumping by a siphoning pipe or siphon set up in a drain located near a vertical drop geometrically allowing siphoning.
  • This technique of drain-siphon DS is described in particular in the publication FR 2,593,203 of the same inventor, illustrated in FIG. 1 and can be applied to various fields such as pumping, tablecloth folding. deep excavations or compressible areas, embankment drainage, stabilization of landslides.
  • a pumping siphon 3 provided with a ascending branch 30 housed inside each drain 1 and ending with an upstream end 31 permanently immersed in a reservoir 32 of liquid whose level is set on a reference plane PR, and a descending branch 33 inclined next the slope 20 of the land 2 and ending with a downstream end 34 whose outlet orifice 35 forms an outlet.
  • the downstream end 34 can be immersed in a reservoir 36 of liquid whose level is set on the reference plane PR. It can also be in the open air and have in this case a curved end terminated by the outlet orifice 35 rising at said reference plane PR.
  • the downward branch 33 of the siphon 3 is placed in the slope 20 of the ground 2 so that it is frost-free and out of the effects of the sun. It is also protected by tubes 37.
  • Publication FR 2 719 085 by the same inventor proposes equipping the downstream end 34 of the siphon 3 with an automatic flushing device CA, as illustrated in FIG. 2, this device being arranged in a illustrated work of art. by a wall 12.
  • the upstream end 31 of the main siphon 3 is immersed permanently in a reservoir 32 of liquid placed in the lower part of the drain 1, the upper level of said reservoir 32 being keyed on the reference plane PR.
  • the reservoir 32 extends above said reference plane PR by a portion of perforated tube 38 allowing the penetration of water into said reservoir 32 and may constitute an additional filter.
  • the reference plane PR is wedged below the high point PH of the main siphon 3 at a depth P given by the relation:
  • pa is the lowest possible pressure at zero of the sea in meters of water
  • x is the altitude of the place considered in meters
  • f (9) is a function of the temperature ⁇ the highest that can reach the water in the siphon and corresponds to the vaporization pressure of the water at the water temperature in said siphon expressed in meters of water .
  • the downstream end 34 of the main siphon 3 descends below said reference plane PR, is curved and ends with an outlet orifice 35 at said reference plane PR connected to a charge accumulator 4 in the form of a vertical tube , open in its upper part 40 and closed in its lower part 41 by a plug 42.
  • This plug 42 is traversed by a tube forming a secondary siphon 5 provided with a descending branch 50 housed in the charge accumulator 4 and a U-shaped downstream end 51 always full of water in normal operation.
  • the descending branch 50 of the secondary siphon 5 is enclosed in a bell 6, closed in its upper part 60 and perforated in its lower part 61 at its junction with the plug 42, the upper part of the perforations being at the level of the PR reference.
  • the outlet orifice 52 of the secondary siphon 5 forms an outlet and ends at a level below the reference plane PR below the perforated lower portion 61 of the bell 6.
  • a control pipe 7 communicates the downward leg 50 of the secondary siphon 5 with the atmosphere and is connected to it at a connection point 70 located in the lower part 41 of the charge accumulator 4 and more particularly in the plug 42.
  • the free end 71 of the regulating conduit 7 has a stick shape which penetrates inside the upper part 40 of the charge accumulator 4, its outlet orifice 72 descending below the level of the inlet orifice 53 of the secondary siphon 5.
  • the upstream level descends into the U-shaped downstream end 51 and the plane of contact between the pressurized air and the discharged water becomes vertical. Then this plane is smashed by the air that escapes through the outlet 52 and the secondary siphon 5 begins with the thrust of the water in the bell 6 allowing the main siphon 3 to activate through the decline fast water in the charge accumulator 4.
  • the operation of the automatic flushing device C A as described above still has drawbacks.
  • the degassing bubbles arrive through the main siphon 3 in the charge accumulator 4, they can be sucked inside the bell 6 in depression and can prematurely defuse the bell 6.
  • the main siphon 3 has an inertia which is a function of its length and the amount of accumulated bubbles.
  • the automatic flushing device CA can enter the defoaming phase too quickly, that is to say before all the degassing bubbles have been able to escape from the main siphon 3.
  • the liquids from the drainage the water in majority, pose problems of deposition of calcite or clusters of iron bacteria, pipes and orifices can become clogged.
  • the present invention aims to overcome these disadvantages by proposing to improve the current automatic flushing device by a simple device, economical, easy to implement, to prevent its defusing by the presence of degassing bubbles, prevent its fouling by deposition of calcite or iron oxides, and to guarantee a constant operation of the drain-siphon whatever. either the climatic conditions and / or the hydraulic load conditions in the borehole.
  • the invention relates to a device of the type indicated in the preamble, characterized in that said secondary siphon comprises, in addition to said main outlet, at least one auxiliary outlet smaller than F main outlet, located at a level below that said main outlet and arranged to generate a slow flow regime, in that said charge accumulator comprises an enlarged zone integrating said reservoir into which the downstream end of said main siphon opens, said enlarged zone constituting a buffer reserve which is added reservoir and extends above said reference plane to a so-called buffer level, and in that said main outlet is located at the same level as said buffer level and said auxiliary outlet is located below said reference plane .
  • the automatic flushing device allows the drain to be drained in two stages: a short operating cycle generating a rapid hydraulic load downstream of the main siphon, followed by a slow operating cycle allowing time for the bubbles to degassing to escape from said main siphon.
  • the perforated lower end of said bell connected to said charge accumulator and the inlet of the downstream end of said main siphon in said enlarged zone are remote thereby avoiding degassing bubbles from being sucked by the bell in depression.
  • the perforations of the lower end of said bell which is connected to the lower part of said charge accumulator are located just above said reference plane and delimit said liquid reserve.
  • the downstream end of said secondary siphon advantageously has a U-shape which terminates in said main outlet and has a lateral branch terminated by said auxiliary outlet.
  • the downstream end of said secondary siphon is coupled to a safety tank connected to said lateral branch, said safety tank having a lateral outlet opening forming said auxiliary outlet and being filled with liquid up to the level of said secondary outlet. said auxiliary outlet ensuring the filling of the U-shaped downstream end of said secondary siphon to a level called reserve level.
  • Said safety tank may comprise permanent liquid supply means arranged to maintain said reserve level, these means may comprise a Mariotte vessel connected to said safety tank and coupled to a filling valve.
  • said device may comprise means for treating the liquid pumped by said main siphon arranged to prevent fouling of said automatic flushing device by deposits, these means possibly comprising a liquid reservoir containing at least one treatment additive connected to said charge accumulator, which may advantageously consist of a Mariotte vessel connected to said enlarged zone and coupled to a filling valve.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a drain-siphon of the prior art.
  • FIG. 2 schematically represents an automatic flushing device associated with a drain-siphon of the prior art, and
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows the improved automatic flushing device according to the invention.
  • the automatic flushing device CA for regulating the operation of a drain-siphon DS constitutes an improvement of the known device according to FIG. 2 and the publication FR 2 719 085, which relates to a automatic flushing device CA connected to the downstream end 34 of the main siphon 3.
  • the charge accumulator 4 which is formed of a vertical tube open in its upper part 40 and closed in its lower part 41 by a plug 42, has an enlarged zone 43 in its lower part 41. This enlarged zone 43 is extends above the plug 42 and beyond the reference plane PR and forms a buffer reserve up to a level called NT buffer level.
  • the volume of this enlarged zone 43 is calculated to allow the total draining of the descending branch 33 of the main siphon 3 and the evacuation of the degassing bubbles before the defusing of the automatic flushing device CA.
  • the outlet orifice 35 of the main siphon 3 enters said enlarged zone 43 through an inlet orifice 44 located just below the reference plane PR whereas the perforations of the lower part 61 of the bell 6 are located just above the reference plane PR.
  • the bottom of the enlarged zone 43 contains a reserve of water 36 extending between the plug 42 and the reference plane PR in which opens the downstream end 34 of the main siphon 3 now the main siphon 3 still in water. Due to the presence of the enlarged zone 43, the outlet orifice 35 of the main siphon 3 is removed from the perforations of the lower part 61 of the bell 6 preventing the degassing bubbles from being sucked by the bell 6 under vacuum.
  • the automatic flushing device CA is provided with two outlets 52, 54 of different diameters, located downstream of the secondary siphon 5: a main outlet 52 vertical corresponding to the outlet orifice of the secondary siphon 5 located above of the reference plane PR, and more precisely at the buffer level NT of the widened zone 43, and a lateral auxiliary outlet 54, of smaller diameter, situated on a bypass 55 of the secondary siphon 5 below the reference plane PR at a distance of NR reserve level.
  • This reserve level NR defines the level of water contained in the lower part 51 in U secondary siphon 5 that seeks to maintain water.
  • auxiliary outlet 54 The presence of these two outlets 52, 54 makes it possible to generate a drain of the drain 1 in two stages: a short operating cycle generating a rapid hydraulic load downstream of the main siphon 3 by the main outlet 52, followed by a cycle of slow operation allowing the degassing bubbles time to escape from the main siphon 3 through the auxiliary outlet 54.
  • the diameter of the auxiliary outlet 54 is calibrated so that the flow it generates is slightly greater than the critical flow of the siphon main 3, when the hydraulic load on the bell 6 reaches the upper part of the perforations 61 causing the defusing.
  • the device according to the invention comprises a safety tank 8 which is connected to the bypass 55 of the secondary siphon 5 and is provided with a lateral outlet opening forming the auxiliary outlet 54.
  • the vertical position of the auxiliary outlet 54 defines the level of water contained in this safety tank 8, called the reserve level NR, which corresponds to the level of water contained in the lower portion 51 of the secondary siphon 5.
  • the level of reserve NR is kept constant by means in the example shown, consist of a Mariotte vase 80 filled with water by a filling valve 81.
  • Mariotte 80 comprises an upper portion 82 closed and a lower portion 83 closed which communicates with the reservoir of safety 8 by two ducts 84, 85 parallel stopping at NR reserve level, including a short conduit 84 opening at the base of the vase 80 and a long conduit 85 opening to the top of the vase 80 to put the top of the vase Mariotte 80 at atmospheric pressure when the NR reserve level tends to fall.
  • the short duct 84 replenishes water by emptying part of the Mariotte 80 vessel until the reserve level NR rises and closes the short ducts 84 and 85.
  • Mariotte 80 may be supplemented with water by the filling valve 81 connected to a water network and controlled manually or automatically according to a signal provided by a level detector or the like.
  • the automatic flushing device CA also comprises means 9 for treating the water pumped into the soil through the drain 1 via the main siphon 3 in order to avoid the risk of clogging of the automatic flushing device CA by means of deposits of calcite, iron oxide bacteria or the like.
  • the processing means 9 comprise a Mariotte vessel 90 filled with water containing at least one chemical treatment additive adapted as a function of the possible deposits by a filling valve 91.
  • This treatment additive may be for example, sulfamic acid for calcite, hexametaphosphate of soda or oxalic acid for iron bacteria, or any other additive depending on the type of fouling to be feared.
  • Mariotte vase 90 provides a constant flow, in particular a drop by drop, by acting on the atmospheric pressure and on the diameter of the short duct 94.
  • the Mariotte 90 can be filled with liquid supplemented with chemical product (s) by the filling valve 91 manually or automatically.
  • any other equivalent means may be suitable such as for example a simple exchange system obtained by osmosis. Possibilities of industrial application:
  • the operation of the automatic flushing device CA according to the invention is now described.
  • the water level in the charge accumulator 4 is lowered at the reference plane PR under the perforated lower part 61 of the bell 6 and the secondary siphon 5 keeps a water level in its lower part 51 U wedged on the reserve level NR defined by the auxiliary outlet 54 and the safety tank 8.
  • the drain 1 is hydraulically recharged upstream, there is a rise in the water in the charge accumulator 4, the incoming water through the outlet 35 of the main siphon 3 in the enlarged zone 43.
  • degassing bubbles entrained by the flow of water in the main siphon 3 open into the enlarged zone 43 they can be evacuated automatically by the upper part 40 open to the atmosphere of the charge accumulator 4. Unlike the known device, they are not sucked into the bell 6 by its perforated lower part 61, the latter being remote from the outlet orifice 35. The ascent water in the charge accumulator 4, simultaneously enters the bell 6 by its perforated lower part 61 and generates the increase in pressure of the air contained in the bell 6 and in the descending branch 50 of the secondary siphon 5.
  • the secondary siphon 5 When under the air pressure, the secondary siphon 5 discharges the water contained in its U-shaped downstream portion 51 by the main outlet 52, the air pressure contained in the bell 6 and in the descending branch 50 relaxes starting the bell 6 and the secondary siphon 5 thus creating a rapid and brutal emptying of the charge accumulator 4 up to the buffer level NT corresponding to the first operating cycle. This creates a hydraulic load on the main siphon 3 1 loaded between the drain and hydraulically downstream of the main siphon 3 abruptly discharged by the flushing effect ⁇
  • the purpose of the regulation duct 7 is to reinitiate the secondary siphon 5. In fact, it allows the water to be allowed to rise in the bell 6 when it goes up into the charge accumulator 4, since the air driven in front of it can escape through the control duct 7 by taking the descending branch 50 of the secondary siphon 5.
  • the level of the water in the charge accumulator 4 reaches the outlet orifice 72 of the free end 71 of said duct 7, the air can no longer escape and increases in pressure at the top of the bell 6 and in the descending branch 50 of the secondary siphon 5.
  • this flush is created in two stages:
  • the . CA automatic flushing device may present itself in a dysfunctional situation if, at the moment when it is going to be put into action, there is a drop in the surrounding atmospheric pressure linked to climate change or the initiation of neighboring drilling disturbing the level of water in the borehole that was about to begin.
  • the secondary siphon 5 can be started without the bell 6 starting. The next cycle can not be rebooted.
  • the presence of the safety tank 8 avoids this risk and allows the U-shaped downstream portion 51 of the secondary siphon 5 to always be in water so that it is ready to be rebooted.
  • the increase in atmospheric pressure can also be a source of dysfunction. It results in a decrease in the volume of air under pressure inside the bell 6 and the secondary siphon 5.
  • the water level in the descending branch 50 of the secondary siphon 5 and in the bell 6 rises and can find at the inlet port 53 of said secondary siphon 5 and cause a drip situation. It must therefore be ensured that there is a sufficient difference in level between the level of the water in the bell 6, determined by the geometry of the regulation pipe 7 and the inlet orifice 53 of the secondary siphon 5.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

The automatic flushing device (CA) according to the invention is characterized in that the secondary trap (5) comprises, in addition to said main outlet (52), an auxiliary outlet (54) which is smaller than the main outlet (52), which is located at a lower level than the main outlet (52), and which is arranged to generate a slow flow rate, in that said head pressure accumulator (4) comprises a broadened area (43) into which the tank (36), with which the downstream end (34) of the main trap (3) is in communication, is built, said broadened area (43) constituting a buffer reserve which is added to the tank (36) and which extends above a reference plane (PR) up to a buffer level (NT), and in that said main outlet (52) is located at the same level as said buffer level (NT) and said auxiliary outlet (54) is located below said reference plane (PR).

Description

DISPOSITIF DE CHASSE AUTOMATIQUE POUR REGULER LE  AUTOMATIC HUNTING DEVICE FOR REGULATING THE
FONCTIONNEMENT D'UN DRAIN SIPHON OPERATION OF A SIPHON DRAIN
Domaine technique : Technical area :
La présente invention concerne un dispositif de chasse automatique pour réguler le fonctionnement d'un drain-siphon comprenant au moins un drain vertical implanté dans un terrain à stabiliser, ce drain étant pompé par un siphon principal dont les extrémités amont et aval sont immergées chacune dans un réservoir de liquide dont le niveau est défini par un plan de référence, ledit dispositif de chasse automatique comportant au moins un accumulateur de charge vertical contenant ledit réservoir dans lequel débouche l'extrémité aval dudit siphon principal, cet accumulateur de charge étant pompé par un siphon secondaire dont l'extrémité aval se termine par un exutoire principal, ledit siphon secondaire étant partiellement isolé à l'intérieur d'une cloche raccordée audit accumulateur de charge par une partie inférieure perforée et l'extrémité amont dudit siphon secondaire communiquant avec l'atmosphère par un conduit de régulation. The present invention relates to an automatic flushing device for regulating the operation of a drain-siphon comprising at least one vertical drain implanted in a ground to be stabilized, this drain being pumped by a main siphon whose upstream and downstream ends are immersed each in a liquid reservoir whose level is defined by a reference plane, said automatic flushing device comprising at least one vertical charge accumulator containing said reservoir into which the downstream end of said main siphon opens, this charge accumulator being pumped by a secondary siphon whose downstream end terminates in a main outlet, said secondary siphon being partially isolated inside a bell connected to said charge accumulator by a perforated lower part and the upstream end of said secondary siphon communicating with the atmosphere through a control duct.
Technique antérieure : Prior art:
De manière connue, le drainage des sols en profondeur s'effectue en évacuant le liquide capté, essentiellement de l'eau, au moyen d'un ou de plusieurs drains verticaux disposés dans le terrain. Ce drainage peut être effectué par diverses techniques telles que par pompage, par évacuation gravitaire, par siphonage. L'invention s'applique à cette dernière technique à savoir effectuer un pompage par un tuyau de siphonage ou siphon mis en place dans un drain implanté à proximité d'une dénivelée permettant géométriquement le siphonage. Cette technique de drain-siphon DS est notamment décrite dans la publication FR 2 593 203 du même inventeur, illustrée à la figure 1 et peut s'appliquer à divers domaines tels que le pompage, le rabattement de nappe de fouilles profondes ou de zones compressibles, le drainage des talus, la stabilisation des glissements de terrain. In known manner, the deep drainage of the soil is carried out by discharging the liquid captured, mainly water, by means of one or more vertical drains arranged in the ground. This drainage can be carried out by various techniques such as pumping, gravity evacuation, siphoning. The invention applies to the latter technique namely to perform a pumping by a siphoning pipe or siphon set up in a drain located near a vertical drop geometrically allowing siphoning. This technique of drain-siphon DS is described in particular in the publication FR 2,593,203 of the same inventor, illustrated in FIG. 1 and can be applied to various fields such as pumping, tablecloth folding. deep excavations or compressible areas, embankment drainage, stabilization of landslides.
Elle consiste à équiper des drains 1, s'étendant verticalement à l'intérieur de forages 10 réalisés dans un terrain 2 à drainer et débouchant en partie supérieure dans des regards de visite 1 1, d'un siphon 3 de pompage pourvu d'une branche ascendante 30 logée à l'intérieur de chaque drain 1 et se terminant par une extrémité amont 31 plongée en permanence dans un réservoir 32 de liquide dont le niveau est calé sur un plan de référence PR, et d'une branche descendante 33 inclinée suivant la pente 20 du terrain 2 et se terminant par une extrémité aval 34 dont l'orifice de sortie 35 forme un exutoire. L'extrémité aval 34 peut être plongée dans un réservoir 36 de liquide dont le niveau est calé sur le plan de référence PR. Elle peut aussi être à l'air libre et disposer dans ce cas d'une extrémité recourbée terminée par l'orifice de sortie 35 remontant au niveau dudit plan de référence PR. La branche descendante 33 du siphon 3 est mise en place dans la pente 20 du terrain 2 de telle sorte à ce qu'elle soit hors gel et hors des effets du soleil. Elle est par ailleurs protégée par des tubes 37. It consists in equipping drains 1, extending vertically inside boreholes 10 made in a ground 2 to drain and opening at the top in manholes 1 1, a pumping siphon 3 provided with a ascending branch 30 housed inside each drain 1 and ending with an upstream end 31 permanently immersed in a reservoir 32 of liquid whose level is set on a reference plane PR, and a descending branch 33 inclined next the slope 20 of the land 2 and ending with a downstream end 34 whose outlet orifice 35 forms an outlet. The downstream end 34 can be immersed in a reservoir 36 of liquid whose level is set on the reference plane PR. It can also be in the open air and have in this case a curved end terminated by the outlet orifice 35 rising at said reference plane PR. The downward branch 33 of the siphon 3 is placed in the slope 20 of the ground 2 so that it is frost-free and out of the effects of the sun. It is also protected by tubes 37.
Un des problèmes récurent de cette technique est le risque de désamorçage du siphon 3. En effet, lorsque l'eau en équilibre à la pression atmosphérique monte dans la branche ascendante 30 du siphon 3, elle baisse de pression. Corollairement, elle libère une partie du gaz dissous sous forme de microbulles. Par ailleurs, au niveau de la branche descendante 33 du siphon 3, il se produit un phénomène de coalescence, c'est à dire que les microbulles s'assemblent jusqu'à former des bulles de plus gros diamètre. Elles sont alors soumises à des forces opposées : d'une part à la poussée d'Archimède tendant à faire remonter les bulles à l'intérieur du siphon 3 et d'autre part à une force hydraulique inhérente à l'écoulement de l'eau vers l'exutoire 35 du siphon 3. De fait, si le débit d'écoulement est suffisant, les bulles sont acheminées jusqu'à l'exutoire 35. En revanche, si ce débit atteint une valeur critique appelée aussi débit critique, la poussée d'Archimède tend à l'emporter sur la force hydraulique et les bulles remontent au point haut PH du siphon 3 où elles s'accumulent et peuvent provoquer le désamorçage de celui-ci. One of the recurring problems of this technique is the risk of defusing the siphon 3. Indeed, when the equilibrium water at atmospheric pressure rises in the ascending branch 30 of the siphon 3, it lowers pressure. As a corollary, it releases a portion of the dissolved gas in the form of microbubbles. Moreover, at the level of the descending branch 33 of the siphon 3, a phenomenon of coalescence occurs, that is to say that the microbubbles assemble to form bubbles of larger diameter. They are then subjected to opposing forces: on the one hand to the Archimedes push tending to raise bubbles inside the siphon 3 and on the other hand to a hydraulic force inherent in the flow of water to the outlet 35 of the siphon 3. In fact, if the flow rate is sufficient, the bubbles are conveyed to the outlet 35. On the other hand, if this flow reaches a critical value also called critical flow, the thrust of Archimedes tends to prevail over the hydraulic force and the bubbles go back to the high point PH of the siphon 3 where they accumulate and can cause the defusing thereof.
Pour résoudre ce problème, on cherche à arrêter le débit du siphon 3 lorsque celui-ci atteint ladite valeur critique et à réamorcer ledit siphon 3 lorsque la charge hydraulique renouvelée dans le forage . 10 au niveau duquel est installé- le drain l devient suffisante pour pouvoir provoquer au niveau du siphon 3 un régime turbulent propre à éliminer la bulle d'air qui s'y est accumulée. To solve this problem, it is sought to stop the flow of the siphon 3 when it reaches said critical value and to reboot said siphon 3 when the hydraulic load renewed in the borehole. 10 at the level of which is installed- the drain l becomes sufficient to be able to cause at the siphon 3 a turbulent regime to remove the air bubble that has accumulated there.
La publication FR 2 719 085 du même inventeur propose d'équiper l'extrémité aval 34 du siphon 3 d'un dispositif de chasse automatique CA, tel qu'illustré à la figure 2, ce dispositif étant disposé dans un ouvrage d'art représenté par un mur 12. Publication FR 2 719 085 by the same inventor proposes equipping the downstream end 34 of the siphon 3 with an automatic flushing device CA, as illustrated in FIG. 2, this device being arranged in a illustrated work of art. by a wall 12.
L'extrémité amont 31 du siphon principal 3 est immergée en permanence dans un réservoir 32 de liquide placé en partie inférieure du drain 1 , le niveau supérieur dudit réservoir 32 étant calé sur le plan de référence PR. Le réservoir 32 se prolonge au dessus dudit plan de référence PR par une portion de tube perforée 38 permettant la pénétration de l'eau dans ledit réservoir 32 et pouvant constituer un filtre additionnel. The upstream end 31 of the main siphon 3 is immersed permanently in a reservoir 32 of liquid placed in the lower part of the drain 1, the upper level of said reservoir 32 being keyed on the reference plane PR. The reservoir 32 extends above said reference plane PR by a portion of perforated tube 38 allowing the penetration of water into said reservoir 32 and may constitute an additional filter.
Le plan de référence PR est calé en-dessous du point haut PH du siphon principal 3 à une profondeur P donnée par la relation : The reference plane PR is wedged below the high point PH of the main siphon 3 at a depth P given by the relation:
P = pa - 1.16 x - m)  P = pa - 1.16 x - m)
1000  1000
Où  Or
pa : est la pression la plus basse envisageable au zéro de la mer en mètres d'eau x : est l'altitude du lieu considéré en mètres pa: is the lowest possible pressure at zero of the sea in meters of water x: is the altitude of the place considered in meters
f(9) : est fonction de la température Θ la plus élevée que peut atteindre l'eau dans le siphon et correspond à la pression de vaporisation de l'eau à la température de l'eau dans ledit siphon exprimée en mètres d'eau. L'extrémité aval 34 du siphon principal 3 descend sous ledit plan de référence PR, est recourbée et se termine par un orifice de sortie 35 au niveau dudit plan de référence PR raccordé à un accumulateur de charge 4 sous la forme d'un tube vertical, ouvert dans sa partie supérieure 40 et fermé dans sa partie inférieure 41 par un bouchon 42. Ce bouchon 42 est traversé par un tube formant un siphon secondaire 5 pourvu d'une branche descendante 50 logée dans l'accumulateur de charge 4 et d'une extrémité aval 51 en forme de U toujours pleine d'eau en fonctionnement normal. La branche descendante 50 du siphon secondaire 5 est enfermé dans une cloche 6, fermée dans sa partie supérieure 60 et perforée dans sa partie inférieure 61 au niveau de sa jonction avec le bouchon 42, la partie haute des perforations se situant au niveau du plan de référence PR. L'orifice de sortie 52 du siphon secondaire 5 forme un exutoire et aboutit à un niveau inférieur au plan de référence PR en dessous de la partie inférieure perforée 61 de la cloche 6. Un conduit de régulation 7 met en communication la branche descendante 50 du siphon secondaire 5 avec l'atmosphère et est raccordé à elle en un point de raccordement 70 situé dans la partie inférieure 41 de l'accumulateur de charge 4 et plus particulièrement dans le bouchon 42. L'extrémité libre 71 du conduit de régulation 7 présente une forme de crosse qui pénètre à l'intérieur de la partie supérieure 40 de l'accumulateur de charge 4, son orifice de sortie 72 descendant en- dessous du niveau de l'orifice d'entrée 53 du siphon secondaire 5. f (9): is a function of the temperature Θ the highest that can reach the water in the siphon and corresponds to the vaporization pressure of the water at the water temperature in said siphon expressed in meters of water . The downstream end 34 of the main siphon 3 descends below said reference plane PR, is curved and ends with an outlet orifice 35 at said reference plane PR connected to a charge accumulator 4 in the form of a vertical tube , open in its upper part 40 and closed in its lower part 41 by a plug 42. This plug 42 is traversed by a tube forming a secondary siphon 5 provided with a descending branch 50 housed in the charge accumulator 4 and a U-shaped downstream end 51 always full of water in normal operation. The descending branch 50 of the secondary siphon 5 is enclosed in a bell 6, closed in its upper part 60 and perforated in its lower part 61 at its junction with the plug 42, the upper part of the perforations being at the level of the PR reference. The outlet orifice 52 of the secondary siphon 5 forms an outlet and ends at a level below the reference plane PR below the perforated lower portion 61 of the bell 6. A control pipe 7 communicates the downward leg 50 of the secondary siphon 5 with the atmosphere and is connected to it at a connection point 70 located in the lower part 41 of the charge accumulator 4 and more particularly in the plug 42. The free end 71 of the regulating conduit 7 has a stick shape which penetrates inside the upper part 40 of the charge accumulator 4, its outlet orifice 72 descending below the level of the inlet orifice 53 of the secondary siphon 5.
Lorsque le débit d'alimentation du siphon principal 3 atteint le débit critique, l'eau dans l'accumulateur de charge 4 passe en-dessous de la partie inférieure perforée 61 de la cloche 6 créant une entrée d'air désamorçant le dispositif de chasse automatique CA. L'extrémité aval 51 en U du siphon secondaire 5 reste quant à elle pleine d'eau après le désamorçage. Lorsque la charge hydraulique amont augmente par la montée de l'eau dans le drain 1 ou dans le forage 10, l'eau monte dans l'accumulateur de charge 4 alimenté par le siphon principal 3. L'eau monte en parallèle dans la cloche 6 jusqu'à atteindre l'orifice de sortie 72 du conduit de régulation 7. Le gaz contenu au sommet de la cloche 6 et dans la branche descendante 50 du siphon secondaire 5 monte en pression et déséquilibre l'eau contenue dans l'extrémité aval 51 en U du siphon secondaire 5. Le niveau amont descend dans l'extrémité aval 51 en U et le plan de contact entre l'air en pression et l'eau refoulée devient vertical. Alors ce plan est défoncé par l'air qui s'échappe par l'exutoire 52 et le siphon secondaire 5 s'amorce par la poussée de l'eau dans la cloche 6 permettant au siphon principal 3 de s'activer grâce à la baisse rapide de l'eau dans l'accumulateur de charge 4. When the flow rate of the main siphon 3 reaches the critical flow rate, the water in the charge accumulator 4 passes below the perforated lower portion 61 of the bell 6 creating an air inlet defusing the hunting device. automatic AC The downstream end 51 in U secondary siphon 5 remains full of water after defusing. When the upstream hydraulic load increases by the rise of the water in the drain 1 or the borehole 10, the water rises in the charge accumulator 4 fed by the main siphon 3. The water goes up in parallel in the bell 6 to reach the outlet orifice 72 of the control duct 7. The gas contained at the top of the bell 6 and in the descending branch 50 of the secondary siphon 5 rises in pressure and imbalances the water contained in the downstream end 51 U U secondary siphon 5. The upstream level descends into the U-shaped downstream end 51 and the plane of contact between the pressurized air and the discharged water becomes vertical. Then this plane is smashed by the air that escapes through the outlet 52 and the secondary siphon 5 begins with the thrust of the water in the bell 6 allowing the main siphon 3 to activate through the decline fast water in the charge accumulator 4.
Le fonctionnement du dispositif de chasse automatique C A telle que décrite ci-dessus présente encore des inconvénients. Quand les bulles de dégazage arrivent par le siphon principal 3 dans l'accumulateur de charge 4, elles peuvent être aspirées à l'intérieur de la cloche 6 en dépression et peuvent désamorcer prématurément la cloche 6. Quand le dispositif de chasse automatique CA s'amorce, le siphon principal 3 présente une inertie qui est fonction de sa longueur et de la quantité de bulles accumulées. Le dispositif de chasse automatique CA peut entrer trop rapidement en phase de désamorçage, c'est à dire avant que toutes les bulles de dégazage n'aient pu s'évacuer du siphon principal 3. Quand les liquides issus du drainage, l'eau en majorité, posent des problèmes de dépôt de calcite ou d'amas de bactéries de fer, les tuyaux et orifices peuvent se boucher. Enfin quand la pression atmosphérique varie, notamment lors des changements climatiques, ou quand la charge hydraulique en amont diminue, par exemple lorsqu'un forage voisin s'est amorcé, l'extrémité aval 51 en U du siphon secondaire 5 se vide partiellement d'une certaine quantité d'eau ayant pour effet de perturber le fonctionnement du dispositif de chasse automatique CA. The operation of the automatic flushing device C A as described above still has drawbacks. When the degassing bubbles arrive through the main siphon 3 in the charge accumulator 4, they can be sucked inside the bell 6 in depression and can prematurely defuse the bell 6. When the automatic flush device CA s' primer, the main siphon 3 has an inertia which is a function of its length and the amount of accumulated bubbles. The automatic flushing device CA can enter the defoaming phase too quickly, that is to say before all the degassing bubbles have been able to escape from the main siphon 3. When the liquids from the drainage, the water in majority, pose problems of deposition of calcite or clusters of iron bacteria, pipes and orifices can become clogged. Finally, when the atmospheric pressure varies, in particular during climatic changes, or when the upstream hydraulic load decreases, for example when a neighboring drilling has started, the downstream end 51 in U of the secondary siphon 5 is partially emptied of a certain amount of water having the effect of disrupting the operation of the automatic flushing device CA.
Exposé de l'invention : La présente invention vise à pallier ces inconvénients en proposant d'améliorer le dispositif de chasse automatique actuel par un dispositif simple, économique, facile à mettre en uvre, permettant d'éviter son désamorçage par la présence des bulles de dégazage, d'empêcher son encrassement par le dépôt de calcite ou d'oxydes de fer, et de garantir un fonctionnement constant du drain-siphon quelle que. soit les conditions climatiques et/ou les conditions de charge hydraulique dans le forage. Presentation of the invention The present invention aims to overcome these disadvantages by proposing to improve the current automatic flushing device by a simple device, economical, easy to implement, to prevent its defusing by the presence of degassing bubbles, prevent its fouling by deposition of calcite or iron oxides, and to guarantee a constant operation of the drain-siphon whatever. either the climatic conditions and / or the hydraulic load conditions in the borehole.
Dans ce but, l'invention concerne un dispositif du genre indiqué en préambule, caractérisé en ce que ledit siphon secondaire comporte, en plus dudit exutoire principal, au moins un exutoire auxiliaire plus petit que F exutoire principal, situé à un niveau inférieur à celui dudit exutoire principal et agencé pour générer un régime d'écoulement lent, en ce que ledit accumulateur de charge comporte une zone élargie intégrant ledit réservoir dans lequel débouche l'extrémité aval dudit siphon principal, ladite zone élargie constituant une réserve tampon qui s'ajoute audit réservoir et s'étend au-dessus dudit plan de référence jusqu'à un niveau dit niveau tampon, et en ce que ledit exutoire principal est situé au même niveau que ledit niveau tampon et ledit exutoire auxiliaire est situé en dessous dudit plan de référence. Grâce à cette nouvelle construction, le dispositif de chasse automatique permet une vidange du drain en deux temps : un cycle de fonctionnement court générant une charge hydraulique rapide en aval du siphon principal, suivi d'un cycle de fonctionnement lent laissant le temps aux bulles de dégazage de s'évacuer dudit siphon principal. For this purpose, the invention relates to a device of the type indicated in the preamble, characterized in that said secondary siphon comprises, in addition to said main outlet, at least one auxiliary outlet smaller than F main outlet, located at a level below that said main outlet and arranged to generate a slow flow regime, in that said charge accumulator comprises an enlarged zone integrating said reservoir into which the downstream end of said main siphon opens, said enlarged zone constituting a buffer reserve which is added reservoir and extends above said reference plane to a so-called buffer level, and in that said main outlet is located at the same level as said buffer level and said auxiliary outlet is located below said reference plane . Thanks to this new construction, the automatic flushing device allows the drain to be drained in two stages: a short operating cycle generating a rapid hydraulic load downstream of the main siphon, followed by a slow operating cycle allowing time for the bubbles to degassing to escape from said main siphon.
Dans une forme de réalisation préférée, l'extrémité inférieure perforée de ladite cloche raccordée audit accumulateur de charge et l'orifice d'entrée de l'extrémité aval dudit siphon principal dans ladite zone élargie sont éloignés évitant ainsi aux bulles de dégazage d'être aspirées par la cloche en dépression. De même, les perforations de l'extrémité inférieure de ladite cloche qui est raccordée à la partie inférieure dudit accumulateur de charge se situent juste au dessus dudit plan de référence et délimitent ladite réserve de liquide. In a preferred embodiment, the perforated lower end of said bell connected to said charge accumulator and the inlet of the downstream end of said main siphon in said enlarged zone are remote thereby avoiding degassing bubbles from being sucked by the bell in depression. Similarly, the perforations of the lower end of said bell which is connected to the lower part of said charge accumulator are located just above said reference plane and delimit said liquid reserve.
L'extrémité aval dudit siphon secondaire présente avantageusement une forme en U qui se termine par ledit exutoire principal et comporte une dérivation latérale terminée par ledit exutoire auxiliaire. Dans la forme de réalisation préférée, l'extrémité aval dudit siphon secondaire est couplée à un réservoir de sécurité raccordé à ladite dérivation latérale, ce réservoir de sécurité comportant un orifice de sortie latéral formant ledit exutoire auxiliaire et étant rempli de liquide jusqu'au niveau dudit exutoire auxiliaire garantissant le remplissage de l'extrémité aval en forme de U dudit siphon secondaire jusqu'à un niveau dit niveau de réserve. The downstream end of said secondary siphon advantageously has a U-shape which terminates in said main outlet and has a lateral branch terminated by said auxiliary outlet. In the preferred embodiment, the downstream end of said secondary siphon is coupled to a safety tank connected to said lateral branch, said safety tank having a lateral outlet opening forming said auxiliary outlet and being filled with liquid up to the level of said secondary outlet. said auxiliary outlet ensuring the filling of the U-shaped downstream end of said secondary siphon to a level called reserve level.
Ledit réservoir de sécurité peut comporter des moyens d'alimentation permanente en liquide agencés pour maintenir ledit niveau de réserve, ces moyens pouvant comporter un vase de Mariotte raccordé audit réservoir de sécurité et couplé à une vanne de remplissage. Said safety tank may comprise permanent liquid supply means arranged to maintain said reserve level, these means may comprise a Mariotte vessel connected to said safety tank and coupled to a filling valve.
En complément, ledit dispositif peut comporter des moyens de traitement du liquide pompé par ledit siphon principal agencés pour empêcher l'encrassement dudit dispositif de chasse automatique par des dépôts, ces moyens pouvant comporter un réservoir de liquide contenant au moins un additif de traitement raccordé audit accumulateur de charge, qui peut être avantageusement constitué d'un vase de Mariotte raccordé à ladite zone élargie et couplé à une vanne de remplissage. In addition, said device may comprise means for treating the liquid pumped by said main siphon arranged to prevent fouling of said automatic flushing device by deposits, these means possibly comprising a liquid reservoir containing at least one treatment additive connected to said charge accumulator, which may advantageously consist of a Mariotte vessel connected to said enlarged zone and coupled to a filling valve.
Description sommaire des dessins : La présente invention et ses avantages apparaîtront mieux dans la description suivante d'un mode de réalisation donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels : Brief description of the drawings: The present invention and its advantages will appear better in the following description of an embodiment given by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
- la figure l est un schéma de principe d'un drain-siphon de l'art antérieur, la figure 2 représente schématiquement un dispositif de chasse automatique associé à un drain-siphon de l'art antérieur, et FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a drain-siphon of the prior art. FIG. 2 schematically represents an automatic flushing device associated with a drain-siphon of the prior art, and
la figure 3 représente schématiquement le dispositif de chasse automatique perfectionné selon l'invention.  Figure 3 schematically shows the improved automatic flushing device according to the invention.
Illustrations de l'invention et meilleure manière de la réaliser : Illustrations of the invention and best way to achieve it:
En référence à la figure 3, le dispositif de chasse automatique CA pour réguler le fonctionnement d'un drain-siphon DS selon l'invention constitue une amélioration du dispositif connu selon la figure 2 et la publication FR 2 719 085, qui porte sur un dispositif de chasse automatique CA raccordé à l'extrémité aval 34 du siphon principal 3. Dans ces figures, les pièces qui sont identiques portent le même numéro de référence et ne sont pas décrites à nouveau. L'accumulateur de charge 4, qui est formé d'un tube vertical ouvert dans sa partie supérieure 40 et fermé dans sa partie inférieure 41 par un bouchon 42, comporte une zone élargie 43 dans sa partie inférieure 41. Cette zone élargie 43 s'étend au-dessus du bouchon 42 et au-delà du plan de référence PR et forme une réserve tampon jusqu'à un niveau dit niveau tampon NT. Le volume de cette zone élargie 43 est calculé pour permettre la vidange totale de la branche descendante 33 du siphon principal 3 et l'évacuation des bulles de dégazage avant le désamorçage du dispositif de chasse automatique CA. L'orifice de sortie 35 du siphon principal 3 entre dans ladite zone élargie 43 par un orifice d'entrée 44 situé juste en-dessous du plan de référence PR alors que les perforations de la partie inférieure 61 de la cloche 6 sont situées juste au-dessus du plan de référence PR. De cette manière, le fond de la zone élargie 43 contient une réserve d'eau 36 s'étendant entre le bouchon 42 et le plan de référence PR dans laquelle débouche l'extrémité aval 34 du siphon principal 3 maintenant le siphon principal 3 toujours en eau. Grâce à la présence de la zone élargie 43, L'orifice de sortie 35 du siphon principal 3 est éloigné des performations de la partie inférieure 61 de la cloche 6 évitant que les bulles de dégazage ne soient aspirées par la cloche 6 en dépression. With reference to FIG. 3, the automatic flushing device CA for regulating the operation of a drain-siphon DS according to the invention constitutes an improvement of the known device according to FIG. 2 and the publication FR 2 719 085, which relates to a automatic flushing device CA connected to the downstream end 34 of the main siphon 3. In these figures, the parts which are identical bear the same reference number and are not described again. The charge accumulator 4, which is formed of a vertical tube open in its upper part 40 and closed in its lower part 41 by a plug 42, has an enlarged zone 43 in its lower part 41. This enlarged zone 43 is extends above the plug 42 and beyond the reference plane PR and forms a buffer reserve up to a level called NT buffer level. The volume of this enlarged zone 43 is calculated to allow the total draining of the descending branch 33 of the main siphon 3 and the evacuation of the degassing bubbles before the defusing of the automatic flushing device CA. The outlet orifice 35 of the main siphon 3 enters said enlarged zone 43 through an inlet orifice 44 located just below the reference plane PR whereas the perforations of the lower part 61 of the bell 6 are located just above the reference plane PR. In this way, the bottom of the enlarged zone 43 contains a reserve of water 36 extending between the plug 42 and the reference plane PR in which opens the downstream end 34 of the main siphon 3 now the main siphon 3 still in water. Due to the presence of the enlarged zone 43, the outlet orifice 35 of the main siphon 3 is removed from the perforations of the lower part 61 of the bell 6 preventing the degassing bubbles from being sucked by the bell 6 under vacuum.
Le dispositif de chasse automatique CA selon l'invention est pourvu de deux exutoires 52, 54 de diamètres différents, situés en aval du siphon secondaire 5 : un exutoire principal 52 vertical correspondant à l'orifice de sortie du siphon secondaire 5 situé au-dessus du plan de référence PR, et plus précisément au niveau tampon NT de la zone élargie 43, et un exutoire auxiliaire 54 latéral, de plus petit diamètre, situé sur une dérivation 55 du siphon secondaire 5 en-dessous du plan de référence PR à un niveau de réserve NR. Ce niveau de réserve NR définit le niveau d'eau contenu dans la partie inférieure 51 en U du siphon secondaire 5 qu'on cherche à maintenir en eau. La présence de ces deux exutoires 52, 54 permet de générer une vidange du drain 1 en deux temps : un cycle de fonctionnement court générant une charge hydraulique rapide en aval du siphon principal 3 par l'exutoire principal 52, suivi d'un cycle de fonctionnement lent laissant le temps aux bulles de dégazage de s'évacuer du siphon principal 3 par l'exutoire auxiliaire 54. Le diamètre de l'exutoire auxiliaire 54 est calibré pour que le débit qu'il génère soit légèrement supérieur au débit critique du siphon principal 3, quand la charge hydraulique sur la cloche 6 atteint la partie supérieure des perforations 61 provoquant le désamorçage. The automatic flushing device CA according to the invention is provided with two outlets 52, 54 of different diameters, located downstream of the secondary siphon 5: a main outlet 52 vertical corresponding to the outlet orifice of the secondary siphon 5 located above of the reference plane PR, and more precisely at the buffer level NT of the widened zone 43, and a lateral auxiliary outlet 54, of smaller diameter, situated on a bypass 55 of the secondary siphon 5 below the reference plane PR at a distance of NR reserve level. This reserve level NR defines the level of water contained in the lower part 51 in U secondary siphon 5 that seeks to maintain water. The presence of these two outlets 52, 54 makes it possible to generate a drain of the drain 1 in two stages: a short operating cycle generating a rapid hydraulic load downstream of the main siphon 3 by the main outlet 52, followed by a cycle of slow operation allowing the degassing bubbles time to escape from the main siphon 3 through the auxiliary outlet 54. The diameter of the auxiliary outlet 54 is calibrated so that the flow it generates is slightly greater than the critical flow of the siphon main 3, when the hydraulic load on the bell 6 reaches the upper part of the perforations 61 causing the defusing.
Pour maintenir en eau la partie inférieure 51 en U du siphon secondaire 5 et éviter son désamorçage, qui peut être provoqué notamment par le déséquilibre de la pression atmosphérique en fonction du climat et/ou par l'amorçage d'un forage voisin, le dispositif selon l'invention comporte un réservoir de sécurité 8 qui est raccordé sur la dérivation 55 du siphon secondaire 5 et est pourvu d'un orifice de sortie latéral formant l'exutoire auxiliaire 54. La position verticale de l'exutoire auxiliaire 54 définit le niveau d'eau contenu dans ce réservoir de sécurité 8, appelé niveau de réserve NR, qui correspond au niveau d'eau contenu dans la partie inférieure 51 en U du siphon secondaire 5. Le niveau de réserve NR est maintenu constant par des moyens d'alimentation qui sont, dans l'exemple représenté, constitués d'un vase de Mariotte 80 rempli d'eau par une vanne de remplissage 81. Il comporte une partie supérieure 82 fermée et une partie inférieure 83 fermée qui communique avec le réservoir de sécurité 8 par deux conduits 84, 85 parallèles s'arrêtant au niveau de réserve NR, dont un conduit court 84 débouchant à la base du vase 80 et un conduit long 85 débouchant au sommet du vase 80 pour mettre le sommet du vase de Mariotte 80 à la pression atmosphérique quand le niveau de réserve NR a tendance à baisser. Lorsque le niveau de réserve NR baisse, le conduit court 84 fait l'appoint en eau en vidant une partie du vase de Mariotte 80 jusqu'à ce que le niveau de réserve NR remonte et ferme les conduits court 84 et long 85. Le vase de Mariotte 80 peut être complété en eau par la vanne de remplissage 81 raccordée à un réseau d'eau et commandée manuellement ou automatiquement en fonction d'un signal fourni par un détecteur de niveau ou similaire. In order to keep the lower U-shaped portion 51 of the secondary siphon 5 in water and prevent its defusing, which can be caused in particular by the imbalance of the atmospheric pressure as a function of the climate and / or by the priming of a neighboring borehole, the device according to the invention comprises a safety tank 8 which is connected to the bypass 55 of the secondary siphon 5 and is provided with a lateral outlet opening forming the auxiliary outlet 54. The vertical position of the auxiliary outlet 54 defines the level of water contained in this safety tank 8, called the reserve level NR, which corresponds to the level of water contained in the lower portion 51 of the secondary siphon 5. The level of reserve NR is kept constant by means in the example shown, consist of a Mariotte vase 80 filled with water by a filling valve 81. It comprises an upper portion 82 closed and a lower portion 83 closed which communicates with the reservoir of safety 8 by two ducts 84, 85 parallel stopping at NR reserve level, including a short conduit 84 opening at the base of the vase 80 and a long conduit 85 opening to the top of the vase 80 to put the top of the vase Mariotte 80 at atmospheric pressure when the NR reserve level tends to fall. When the reserve level NR decreases, the short duct 84 replenishes water by emptying part of the Mariotte 80 vessel until the reserve level NR rises and closes the short ducts 84 and 85. Mariotte 80 may be supplemented with water by the filling valve 81 connected to a water network and controlled manually or automatically according to a signal provided by a level detector or the like.
Le dispositif de chasse automatique CA selon l'invention comporte également des moyens de traitement 9 de l'eau pompée dans le sol à travers le drain 1 par le siphon principal 3 pour éviter les risques d'encrassement du dispositif de chasse automatique CA par des dépôts de calcite, de bactéries d'oxydes de fer ou similaires. Dans l'exemple représenté, les moyens de traitement 9 comportent un vase de Mariotte 90 rempli d'eau additionnée d'au moins un additif de traitement chimique adapté en fonction des éventuels dépôts par une vanne de remplissage 91. Cet additif de traitement peut être par exemple de l'acide sulfamique pour la calcite, de l'hexamétaphosphate de soude ou de l'acide oxalique pour les bactéries de fer, ou tout autre additif en fonction du type d'encrassement à craindre. Il comporte une partie supérieure 92 fermée et une partie inférieure 93 fermée qui communique avec la zone élargie 43 de l'accumulateur de charge 4 par deux conduits 94, 95 parallèles s'arrêtant au même niveau au-dessus du plan de référence PR, dont un conduit court 94 débouchant à la base du vase 90 et un conduit long 95 débouchant au sommet du vase 90. Le principe du vase de Mariotte 90 permet d'obtenir un écoulement constant, notamment un goutte à goutte, en jouant sur la pression atmosphérique et sur le diamètre du conduit court 94. Le vase de Mariotte 90 peut être complété en liquide additionné de produit(s) chimique(s) par la vanne de remplissage 91 manuellement ou automatiquement. Bien entendu, tout autre moyen équivalent peut convenir tel que par exemple un simple système d'échange obtenu par osmose. Possibilités d'application industrielle : The automatic flushing device CA according to the invention also comprises means 9 for treating the water pumped into the soil through the drain 1 via the main siphon 3 in order to avoid the risk of clogging of the automatic flushing device CA by means of deposits of calcite, iron oxide bacteria or the like. In the example shown, the processing means 9 comprise a Mariotte vessel 90 filled with water containing at least one chemical treatment additive adapted as a function of the possible deposits by a filling valve 91. This treatment additive may be for example, sulfamic acid for calcite, hexametaphosphate of soda or oxalic acid for iron bacteria, or any other additive depending on the type of fouling to be feared. It comprises an upper portion 92 closed and a closed lower portion 93 which communicates with the enlarged region 43 of the charge accumulator 4 by two parallel conduits 94, 95 stopping at the same level above the reference plane PR, including a short duct 94 opening at the base of the vase 90 and a long duct 95 opening at the top of the vase 90. The principle of the Mariotte vase 90 provides a constant flow, in particular a drop by drop, by acting on the atmospheric pressure and on the diameter of the short duct 94. The Mariotte 90 can be filled with liquid supplemented with chemical product (s) by the filling valve 91 manually or automatically. Of course, any other equivalent means may be suitable such as for example a simple exchange system obtained by osmosis. Possibilities of industrial application:
Le fonctionnement du dispositif de chasse automatique CA selon l'invention est à présent décrit. Lorsqu'on atteint le débit critique, il est désamorcé. Le niveau d'eau dans l'accumulateur de charge 4 est descendu au niveau du plan de référence PR sous la partie inférieure perforée 61 de la cloche 6 et le siphon secondaire 5 conserve un niveau d'eau dans sa partie inférieure 51 en U calé sur le niveau de réserve NR défini par l'exutoire auxiliaire 54 et le réservoir de sécurité 8. Lorsque le drain 1 se recharge hydrauliquement en amont, il y a ascension de l'eau dans l'accumulateur de charge 4, l'eau arrivant par l'orifice de sortie 35 du siphon principal 3 dans la zone élargie 43. Si des bulles de dégazage entraînées par l'écoulement de l'eau dans le siphon principal 3 débouchent dans la zone élargie 43, elles peuvent s'évacuer automatiquement par la partie supérieure 40 ouverte à l'atmosphère de l'accumulateur de charge 4. Contrairement au dispositif connu, elles ne sont pas aspirées dans la cloche 6 par sa partie inférieure perforée 61, cette dernière étant éloignée de l'orifice de sortie 35. L'ascension de l'eau dans l'accumulateur de charge 4, pénètre simultanément dans la cloche 6 par sa partie inférieure perforée 61 et génère la montée en pression de l'air contenue dans la cloche 6 et dans la branche descendante 50 du siphon secondaire 5. Lorsque sous la pression d'air, le siphon secondaire 5 évacue l'eau contenue dans sa partie aval 51 en U par l'exutoire principal 52, la pression d'air contenue dans la cloche 6 et dans la branche descendante 50 se détend amorçant la cloche 6 et le siphon secondaire 5 créant ainsi une vidange rapide et brutale de l'accumulateur de charge 4 jusqu'au niveau tampon NT correspondant au premier cycle de fonctionnement. Ceci crée une charge hydraulique sur le siphon principal 3 entre le drain 1 chargé hydrauliquement et l'aval du siphon principal 3 déchargé brutalement par l'effet de chasse^ The operation of the automatic flushing device CA according to the invention is now described. When the critical flow is reached, it is defused. The water level in the charge accumulator 4 is lowered at the reference plane PR under the perforated lower part 61 of the bell 6 and the secondary siphon 5 keeps a water level in its lower part 51 U wedged on the reserve level NR defined by the auxiliary outlet 54 and the safety tank 8. When the drain 1 is hydraulically recharged upstream, there is a rise in the water in the charge accumulator 4, the incoming water through the outlet 35 of the main siphon 3 in the enlarged zone 43. If degassing bubbles entrained by the flow of water in the main siphon 3 open into the enlarged zone 43, they can be evacuated automatically by the upper part 40 open to the atmosphere of the charge accumulator 4. Unlike the known device, they are not sucked into the bell 6 by its perforated lower part 61, the latter being remote from the outlet orifice 35. The ascent water in the charge accumulator 4, simultaneously enters the bell 6 by its perforated lower part 61 and generates the increase in pressure of the air contained in the bell 6 and in the descending branch 50 of the secondary siphon 5. When under the air pressure, the secondary siphon 5 discharges the water contained in its U-shaped downstream portion 51 by the main outlet 52, the air pressure contained in the bell 6 and in the descending branch 50 relaxes starting the bell 6 and the secondary siphon 5 thus creating a rapid and brutal emptying of the charge accumulator 4 up to the buffer level NT corresponding to the first operating cycle. This creates a hydraulic load on the main siphon 3 1 loaded between the drain and hydraulically downstream of the main siphon 3 abruptly discharged by the flushing effect ^
Le conduit de régulation 7 a pour but de réamorcer le siphon secondaire 5. En effet, il permet de laisser monter l'eau dans la cloche 6, quand elle monte dans l'accumulateur de charge 4, puisque l'air chassé devant elle peut s'échapper par le conduit de régulation 7 en empruntant la branche descendante 50 du siphon secondaire 5. Quand le niveau de l'eau dans l'accumulateur de charge 4 atteint l'orifice de sortie 72 de l'extrémité libre 71 dudit conduit de régulation 7, l'air ne peut plus s'échapper et monte en pression au sommet de la cloche 6 et dans la branche descendante 50 du siphon secondaire 5. En réglant la valeur de la charge de réamorçage par la distance entre l'orifice de sortie 72 du conduit de régulation 7 et le plan de référence PR, on crée une charge hydraulique sur le siphon principal 3 générant le régime de turbulence attendu et provoquant la purge complète ou partielle des bulles de dégazage accumulées au point haut PH du siphon principal 3 et partant son réamorçage. The purpose of the regulation duct 7 is to reinitiate the secondary siphon 5. In fact, it allows the water to be allowed to rise in the bell 6 when it goes up into the charge accumulator 4, since the air driven in front of it can escape through the control duct 7 by taking the descending branch 50 of the secondary siphon 5. When the level of the water in the charge accumulator 4 reaches the outlet orifice 72 of the free end 71 of said duct 7, the air can no longer escape and increases in pressure at the top of the bell 6 and in the descending branch 50 of the secondary siphon 5. By adjusting the value of the rebooting load by the distance between the orifice of output 72 of the control duct 7 and the reference plane PR, a hydraulic head is created on the main siphon 3 generating the expected turbulence regime and causing the complete bleeding or partial degassing bubbles accumulated at the high point PH of the main siphon 3 and by so much his reboot.
Grâce à la conception du dispositif de chasse automatique CA selon l'invention, on crée cette vidange en deux temps : Thanks to the design of the automatic flushing device CA according to the invention, this flush is created in two stages:
- un cycle court par l'exutoire principal 52 pour vidanger le siphon principal 3 par une différence de charge entre l'amont et l'aval qui baisse rapidement, de façon à créer un régime turbulent dans le siphon principal 3 entraînant les bulles de dégazage accumulées et stagnantes à l'arrêt du débit du siphon 3, - A short cycle through the main outlet 52 to drain the main siphon 3 by a difference in load between the upstream and downstream which drops rapidly, so as to create a turbulent regime in the main siphon 3 causing the degassing bubbles accumulated and stagnant when the flow of the siphon 3 is stopped,
- un cycle lent par l'exutoire auxiliaire 54, qui entre en action lorsque l'exutoire principal 52 s'arrête, le niveau d'eau dans le dispositif de chasse automatique CA ayant atteint le niveau tampon NT, pour purger le siphon principal 3 de toutes les bulles accumulées grâce à la réserve tampon au sein de la zone élargie 43 de l'accumulateur de charge 4. Le débit en fin de cycle de vidange doit toujours être supérieur (par exemple de 1,1 fois) au débit critique du siphon principal 3. - A slow cycle by the auxiliary outlet 54, which comes into action when the main outlet 52 stops, the water level in the automatic flushing device CA having reached the buffer level NT, to purge the main trap 3 of all the bubbles accumulated thanks to the buffer reservoir within the enlarged zone 43 of the charge accumulator 4. The flow rate at the end of the emptying cycle must always be greater (for example by 1.1 times) than the critical flow of the siphon principal 3.
Le . dispositif de chasse automatique CA peut se présenter en situation de dysfonctionnement si, au moment où il allait se mettre en action, on note une baisse de la pression atmosphérique environnante liée aux changements climatiques ou à la mise en route de forages voisins perturbant le niveau d'eau dans le forage qui allait s'amorcer. Le siphon secondaire 5 peut s'amorcer sans que la cloche 6 ne s'amorce. Le cycle suivant ne pourra alors pas se réamorcer. La présence du réservoir de sécurité 8 évite ce risque et permet à la partie aval en U 51 du siphon secondaire 5 d'être toujours en eau pour qu'il soit prêt à être réamorcé. The . CA automatic flushing device may present itself in a dysfunctional situation if, at the moment when it is going to be put into action, there is a drop in the surrounding atmospheric pressure linked to climate change or the initiation of neighboring drilling disturbing the level of water in the borehole that was about to begin. The secondary siphon 5 can be started without the bell 6 starting. The next cycle can not be rebooted. The presence of the safety tank 8 avoids this risk and allows the U-shaped downstream portion 51 of the secondary siphon 5 to always be in water so that it is ready to be rebooted.
De même, l'augmentation de la pression atmosphérique peut être aussi une source de dysfonctionnement. Elle se traduit par une diminution du volume d'air sous pression à l'intérieur de la cloche 6 et du siphon secondaire 5. Le niveau d'eau dans la branche descendante 50 du siphon secondaire 5 et dans la cloche 6 monte et peut se retrouver au niveau de l'orifice d'entrée 53 dudit siphon secondaire 5 et provoquer une situation de goutte à goutte. Il faut donc veiller à garder une différence de niveau suffisante entre le niveau de l'eau dans la cloche 6, déterminée par la géométrie du conduit de régulation 7 et l'orifice d'entrée 53 du siphon secondaire 5. Likewise, the increase in atmospheric pressure can also be a source of dysfunction. It results in a decrease in the volume of air under pressure inside the bell 6 and the secondary siphon 5. The water level in the descending branch 50 of the secondary siphon 5 and in the bell 6 rises and can find at the inlet port 53 of said secondary siphon 5 and cause a drip situation. It must therefore be ensured that there is a sufficient difference in level between the level of the water in the bell 6, determined by the geometry of the regulation pipe 7 and the inlet orifice 53 of the secondary siphon 5.
Il ressort clairement de cette description que l'invention permet d'atteindre les buts fixés. La présente invention n'est pas limitée à l'exemple de réalisation décrit mais s'étend à toute modification et variante évidentes pour un homme du métier tout en restant dans l'étendue de la protection définie dans les revendications annexées. It is clear from this description that the invention achieves the goals. The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described but extends to any modification and variation obvious to a person skilled in the art while remaining within the scope of protection defined in the appended claims.

Claims

Revendications  claims
1. Dispositif de chasse automatique (CA) pour réguler le fonctionnement d'un drain- siphon (DS) comprenant au moins un drain (1) vertical implanté dans un terrain à stabiliser, ce drain étant pompé par un siphon principal (3) dont les extrémités amont (31) et aval (34) sont immergées chacune dans un réservoir (32, 36) de liquide dont le niveau est défini par un plan de référence (PR), ledit dispositif de chasse automatique (CA) comportant au moins un accumulateur de charge (4) vertical contenant ledit réservoir (36) dans lequel débouche l'extrémité aval (34) dudit siphon principal (3), cet accumulateur de charge (4) étant pompé par un siphon secondaire (5) dont l'extrémité aval (51) se termine par un exutoire principal (52), ledit siphon secondaire (5) étant partiellement isolé à l'intérieur d'une cloche (6) raccordée audit accumulateur de charge (4) par une partie inférieure perforée (61) et l'extrémité amont (50) dudit siphon secondaire (5) communiquant avec l'atmosphère par un conduit de régulation (7), caractérisé en ce que ledit siphon secondaire (5) comporte, en plus dudit exutoire principal (52), au moins un exutoire auxiliaire (54) plus petit que l'exutoire principal (52), situé à uri niveau inférieur à celui dudit exutoire principal (52) et agencé pour générer un régime d'écoulement lent, en ce que ledit accumulateur de charge (4) comporte une zone élargie (43) intégrant ledit réservoir (36) dans lequel débouche l'extrémité aval (34) dudit siphon principal (3), ladite zone élargie (43) constituant une réserve tampon qui s'ajoute audit réservoir (36) et s'étend au-dessus dudit plan de référence (PR) jusqu'à un niveau dit niveau tampon (NT), et en ce que ledit exutoire principal (52) est situé au même niveau que ledit niveau tampon (NT) et ledit exutoire auxiliaire (54) est situé en dessous dudit plan de référence (PR). 1. Automatic flushing device (CA) for regulating the operation of a drain-siphon (DS) comprising at least one vertical drain (1) implanted in land to be stabilized, this drain being pumped by a main siphon (3) of which the upstream (31) and downstream (34) ends are each immersed in a reservoir (32, 36) of liquid whose level is defined by a reference plane (PR), said automatic flushing device (CA) comprising at least one vertical charge accumulator (4) containing said reservoir (36) into which the downstream end (34) of said main siphon (3) opens, said charge accumulator (4) being pumped by a secondary siphon (5) whose end downstream (51) ends with a main outlet (52), said secondary siphon (5) being partially insulated inside a bell (6) connected to said charge accumulator (4) by a perforated lower part (61) and the upstream end (50) of said secondary siphon (5) communicating with with the atmosphere by a control duct (7), characterized in that said secondary siphon (5) comprises, in addition to said main outlet (52), at least one auxiliary outlet (54) smaller than the main outlet ( 52), located at a level lower than that of said main outlet (52) and arranged to generate a slow flow regime, in that said charge accumulator (4) comprises an enlarged zone (43) integrating said reservoir (36) in which opens the downstream end (34) of said main siphon (3), said enlarged zone (43) constituting a buffer reserve which adds to said reservoir (36) and extends above said reference plane (PR) to a so-called buffer level (NT), and in that said main outlet (52) is located at the same level as said buffer level (NT) and said auxiliary outlet (54) is located below said reference plane ( RA).
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'extrémité inférieure perforée (61) de ladite cloche (6) raccordée audit accumulateur de charge (4) et l'orifice d'entrée (44) de l'extrémité aval (34) dudit siphon principal (3) dans ladite zone élargie (43) sont éloignés. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the perforated lower end (61) of said bell (6) connected to said charge accumulator (4) and the inlet (44) of the downstream end (34) of said main siphon (3) in said enlarged area (43) is remote.
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les perforations de l'extrémité inférieure (61) de ladite cloche (6) qui est raccordée à la partie inférieure3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the perforations of the lower end (61) of said bell (6) which is connected to the lower part
(41), dudit accumulateur de charge (4) se situent juste au dessus .dudit plan de référence (PR) et délimitent avec ladite réserve (36) de liquide. (41), said charge accumulator (4) are just above said reference plane (PR) and delimit with said reserve (36) of liquid.
4. Dispositif selon la revendication l, caractérisé en ce que l'extrémité aval (51) dudit siphon secondaire (5) a une forme en U qui se termine par ledit exutoire principal (52) et comporte une dérivation latérale (55) terminée par ledit exutoire auxiliaire (54). 4. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the downstream end (51) of said secondary siphon (5) is U-shaped which terminates in said main outlet (52) and comprises a lateral branch (55) terminated by said auxiliary outlet (54).
5. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'extrémité aval (51) dudit siphon secondaire (5) est couplée à un réservoir de sécurité (8) raccordé sur ladite dérivation latérale (55), ce réservoir de sécurité (8) comportant un orifice de sortie latéral formant ledit exutoire auxiliaire (54) et étant rempli de liquide jusqu'au niveau dudit exutoire auxiliaire (54) garantissant le remplissage de la forme en U de l'extrémité aval (51) dudit siphon secondaire (5) jusqu'à un niveau dit niveau de réserve (NR). 5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the downstream end (51) of said secondary siphon (5) is coupled to a safety tank (8) connected to said lateral branch (55), this safety tank (8) ) having a lateral outlet opening forming said auxiliary outlet (54) and being filled with liquid up to said auxiliary outlet (54) ensuring filling of the U shape of the downstream end (51) of said secondary siphon (5); ) to a level called reserve level (NR).
6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que ledit réservoir de sécurité (8) comporte des moyens d'alimentation (80) permanente en liquide agencés pour maintenir ledit niveau de réserve (NR) 7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens d'alimentation comporte un vase de Mariotte (80) raccordé audit réservoir de sécurité (8) et couplé à une vanne de remplissage (81). 6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that said safety tank (8) comprises permanent liquid supply means (80) arranged to maintain said reserve level (NR) 7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that said feeding means comprises a Mariotte vessel (80) connected to said safety tank (8) and coupled to a filling valve (81).
8. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens de traitement (9) du liquide pompé par ledit siphon principal (3) agencés pour limiter l'encrassement dudit dispositif de chasse automatique (CA). 8. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises means (9) for treating the liquid pumped by said main siphon (3) arranged to limit the fouling of said automatic flushing device (CA).
9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens de traitement (9) comportent un réservoir de liquide contenant au moins un additif de traitement raccordé audit accumulateur de charge (4). 9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that said processing means (9) comprise a liquid reservoir containing at least one treatment additive connected to said charge accumulator (4).
10. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que ledit réservoir de liquide contenant au moins un additif de traitement est constitué d'un vase de Mariotte (90) raccordé à ladite zone élargie (43) et couplé à une vanne de remplissage (91). 10. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that said liquid reservoir containing at least one treatment additive consists of a Mariotte vessel (90) connected to said enlarged zone (43) and coupled to a filling valve ( 91).
EP13756522.2A 2012-06-28 2013-06-18 Automatic flushing device for controlling the operation of a drain trap Active EP2867416B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1256162A FR2992665B1 (en) 2012-06-28 2012-06-28 AUTOMATIC HUNTING DEVICE FOR REGULATING THE OPERATION OF A SIPHON DRAIN
PCT/FR2013/000155 WO2014001656A2 (en) 2012-06-28 2013-06-18 Automatic flushing device for controlling the operation of a drain trap

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EP2867416B1 EP2867416B1 (en) 2015-12-02

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CN114718099A (en) * 2022-03-21 2022-07-08 中国五冶集团有限公司 Well plugging device for dewatering well

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FR2593203B1 (en) * 1986-01-20 1988-07-15 Hydro Geo DEEP DRAINAGE BY SIPHONNAGE OF WATER CAPTURED BY DRAINS
FR2647829B1 (en) * 1989-06-02 1993-09-24 Hydrogeo Sa DEVICE FOR FITTING THE EXIT END OF A DRAIN SIPHONING PIPE
FR2719085B1 (en) * 1994-04-21 1996-05-31 Ress Groupe Device for regulating the operation of a drain-siphon.

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FR2992665B1 (en) 2014-09-05
FR2992665A1 (en) 2014-01-03

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