EP2817350A2

EP2817350A2 - Polymers containing dibenzocycloheptene structural units

Info

Publication number: EP2817350A2
Application number: EP13701370.2A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Anna Hayer; Niels Schulte; Eva Maria Reis
Original assignee: Merck Patent GmbH
Current assignee: Merck Patent GmbH
Priority date: 2012-02-22
Filing date: 2013-01-26
Publication date: 2014-12-31
Also published as: US9487618B2; WO2013124029A2; US20150014598A1; WO2013124029A3; JP2015508119A

Abstract

The invention relates to polymers containing dibenzocycloheptene structural units, to a method for the production thereof, and to blends and formulations containing said polymers. The invention further relates to the use of the polymers or blends according to the invention in electronic devices and to electronic devices, in particular OLEDs, containing the polymers or blends according to the invention.

Description

Polymers containing dibenzocycloheptane structural units

The present application relates to polymers containing dibenzocycloheptane structural units, to processes for their preparation and to blends and formulations comprising these polymers. The present

The application further relates to the use of the invention

Polymers or blends in electronic devices and electronic devices, in particular OLEDs, containing the polymers or blends according to the invention. Compounds such as the polymers of this invention are being developed for a number of different applications that can be broadly attributed to the electronics industry. The structure of organic electroluminescent devices (OLEDs) in which these organic semiconductors are preferably used as functional materials, inter alia, is described, for example, in US Pat. No. 4,539,507, US Pat. No. 5,151,629, EP 0676461 and WO 98/27136.

Various polymeric materials suitable for use in organic electroluminescent devices are known in the art. For example, compounds based on monomer units such as spirobifluorene, fluorene, indenofluorene,

Phenanthrene or dihydrophenanthrene in WO 04/04901, the

WO 04/113412 and WO 05/014689. However, there is a continuing need for new materials for use in organic electronic devices, particularly with a view to improving the devices in the following points: 1. Materials with a larger bandgap are needed so that one gets deeper blue singlet emissions for large color gamut display applications, and larger band gaps in polymers would also allow them to be used as host materials not only for red but also for green triplet Emission to use.

The lifetime and efficiency of organic electroluminescent devices should be further increased, especially in blue emitting systems and for high quality applications.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide new materials for electronic devices which have a larger band gap or improve the life and efficiency of organic electroluminescent devices.

Surprisingly, it has been found that containing polymers

Dibenzocycloheptaneinheiten, can be successfully used as materials in electronic devices, preferably organic electroluminescent devices.

The subject of the present application is thus a polymer containing one or more structural units of the following formula (I),

wherein R ¹ , R ² in each occurrence, identically or differently H, D, F, OH, N (R ³ ) ₂ , a straight-chain, branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, in also one or more H atoms can be replaced by F and in which one or more non-adjacent CH ₂ groups by 0, S, Si (R ³ ) ₂ , Ge (R ³ ) ₂ , BR ³ , NR ³ , PR ³ , CO, C = S, C = Se, C = NR ³ , PO (R ³ ), PS (R ³ ), R ³ C = CR ³ , C = C, SO, SO ₂ , COO, O (CO) O or CONR ³ may be replaced, or a mono- or polycyclic, aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system;

R ³ in each occurrence, identically or differently H, F, a straight-chain, branched or cyclic Alkyh alkoxy or Thioalkoxygruppe having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, in which also one or more H atoms may be replaced by F and in the one or more non-adjacent CH ₂ groups may be replaced by O, CO, COO or O (CO) O, or a mono- or polycyclic, aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system; m, n independently of one another, identical or different, can be 0, 1, 2 or 3, preferably 0 or 1 and particularly preferably 0; and the dashed lines are the bonds to the neighboring ones

Represent structural units in the polymer.

The polymers according to the invention preferably contain from 2 to 10 000 repeat units, the term "polymer" being intended to encompass both polymers and dendrimers and oligomers in the present application The oligomeric compounds according to the invention have from 2 to 9 repeat units Preferred polymers and dendrimers according to the invention contain in total 10 to 10,000 repeat units The degree of branching DB of the polymers and dendrimers may be between 0 (linear polymer without branching points) and 1 (fully branched dendrimer).

The polymers according to the invention preferably have a molecular weight M _w in the range from 1000 to 2,000,000 g / mol, particularly preferably a molecular weight M _w in the range from 100,000 to 1,500,000 g / mol and very particularly preferably a molecular weight M _w in the range from 150,000 to 1,000,000 g / mol. The determination of the molecular weight M _w is carried out by means of GPC (= gel permeation chromatography) against an internal polystyrene standard. In the embodiment of the invention, the proportion of

Structural units of the formula (I) in the polymer 0.01 to 100 mol%,

preferably 1 to 95 mol%, particularly preferably 10 to 80 mol% and very particularly preferably 30 to 60 mol%.

The term "mono- or polycyclic, aromatic ring system" in the present application means an aromatic ring system having 6 to 60, preferably 6 to 30, more preferably 6 to 14 and most preferably 6 to 10 aromatic ring atoms, which is not necessarily only contains aromatic groups but in which also several aromatic units by a short non-aromatic unit (<10% of the atoms other than H, preferably <5% of the atoms other than H), such as sp ³ -hybridized carbon atom or O or N atom, CO group, etc. may be interrupted, for example, systems such as 9,9 ^{'spirobifluorene,} ^9,9' -. diarylfluorene, etc. may be understood as aromatic ring systems.

The aromatic ring systems may be mono- or polycyclic, i. they may have a ring (e.g., phenyl) or multiple rings which may also be condensed (e.g., naphthyl) or covalently linked (e.g., biphenyl), or a combination of fused and linked rings.

Preferred aromatic ring systems are e.g. Phenyl, biphenyl,

Terphenyl, naphthyl, binaphthyl, phenanthrene, dihydrophenanthrene, pyrene, dihydropyrene, chrysene, fluorene, indene, indenofluorene and

Spirobifluoren.

By the term "mono- or polycyclic, heteroaromatic

Ring system "in the present application is an aromatic

Ring system with 5 to 60, preferably 5 to 30, more preferably 5 to 20 and most preferably 5 to 9 understood aromatic ring atoms, wherein one or more of these atoms is / are a heteroatom. The "mono- or polycyclic heteroaromatic ring system" does not necessarily contain only aromatic groups but may also be replaced by a short non-aromatic moiety (<10% of that of H

different atoms, preferably <5% of the atoms other than H), such as sp ³ -hybridized C atom or O or N atom, CO group, etc., be interrupted.

The heteroaromatic ring systems may be mono- or polycyclic, i. they may have one or more rings, which may also be fused or covalently linked (e.g., pyridylphenyl), or a combination of fused and linked rings. Preference is given to fully conjugated heteroaryl groups.

Preferred heteroaromatic ring systems are e.g. 5-membered rings such as pyrrole, pyrazole, imidazole, 1, 2,3-triazole, 1, 2,4-triazole, tetrazole, furan, thiophene, selenophene, oxazole, isoxazole, 1,2-thiazole, 1,3-thiazole , 1, 2,3-oxadiazole, 1, 2,4-oxadiazole, 1, 2,5-oxadiazole, 1, 3,4-oxadiazole, 1, 2,3-thiadiazole, 1, 2,4-thiadiazole, 1 , 2,5-thiadiazole, 1, 3,4-thiadiazole, 6-membered rings such as pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, 1, 3,5-triazine, 1,2,4-triazine, 1, 2,3- Triazine, 1,2,4,5-tetrazine, 1, 2,3,4-tetrazine, 1,2,3,5-tetrazine, or condensed groups such as indole, isoindole, indolizine, indazole,

Benzimidazole, benzotriazole, purine, naphthimidazole, phenanthrimidazole, pyridimidazole, pyrazine imidazole, quinoxaline imidazole, benzoxazole,

Naphthoxazole, anthroxazole, phenanthroxazole, isoxazole, benzothiazole, benzofuran, isobenzofuran, dibenzofuran, quinoline, isoquinoline, pteridine, benzo-5,6-quinoline, benzo-6,7-quinoline, benzo-7,8-quinoline,

Benzoisoquinoline, acridine, phenothiazine, phenoxazine, benzopyridazine, benzopyrimidine, quinoxaline, phenazine, naphthyridine, azacarbazole,

Benzocarboline, phenanthridine, phenanthroline, thieno [2,3b] thiophene, thieno [3,2b] thiophene, dithienothiophene, isobenzothiophene,

Dibenzothiophene, benzothiadiazothiophene or combinations of these groups.

The mono- or polycyclic, aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system may be unsubstituted or substituted. Substituted means in the present application that the mono- or polycyclic, aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system has one or more substituents R ¹ .

Preferred structural units of the formula (I) are characterized by those described in the

The following formulas (Ia) to (Ic) represented, wherein the formula (Ia) is particularly preferred.

The dashed lines in the formulas (Ia), (Ib) and (Ic) represent the bonds to the adjacent structural units in the polymer. R ¹ , R ² m and n in the formulas (Ia) to (Ic) can in this case for R ¹ , R ² , m and n meanings given in relation to formula (I). A preferred structural unit of the formula (Ia) is characterized by

The following listed formula (Ia1) represents.

A particularly preferred structural unit of the formula (Ia) is represented by the formula (Ia2) given below.

The dashed lines in the formulas (Ia1) and (Ia2) represent the bonds to the adjacent structural units in the polymer. The radicals R ¹ in the formulas (Ia1) and (Ia2) can in this case correspond to those for R ¹ in relation to formula ( I) assume accepted meanings.

Preferably, R ¹ and R ² in the formulas (I), (Ia) to (Ic) and (Ia1) and (Ia2) at each occurrence, identically or differently, a straight-chain or branched alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 C Atoms, more preferably having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in addition to one or more structural units of the formula (I), the polymer according to the invention also contains at least one further structural unit which is different from the structural unit of the formula (I). These are under Others such as those in WO 02/077060 A1 and in WO

2005/014689 A2 are disclosed and listed extensively. These are considered via quotation as part of the present application. The further structural units can come, for example, from the following classes:

Group: units containing the hole injection and / or

Affect hole transport properties of the polymers;

Units containing the electron injection and / or

Influence the electron transport properties of the polymers;

Group 3: Units that are combinations of individual units of the group

1 and group 2 have;

Group 4: units which the emission characteristics so far

change that electrophosphorescence instead

Electrofluorescence can be obtained;

Group 5: units that improve the transition from the singlet triplet state;

Group 6: Units indicating the emission color of the resulting

Influence polymers;

Group 7: units typically used as polymer backbone

("Backbone") are used;

Group 8: units containing the film morphology and / or the

Influence the rheology of the resulting polymers.

Structural units from group 1, the hole injection and / or

Have hole transport properties are, for example, triarylamine, benzidine, tetraaryl-para-phenylenediamine, triarylphosphine,

Phenothiazine, phenoxazine, dihydrophenazine, thianthrene, dibenzo-para dioxin, phenoxathiin, carbazole, azulene, thiophene, pyrrole and

Furan derivatives and other O-, S-, or N-containing heterocycles with high HOMO (HOMO = highest occupied molecular orbital).

Preferably, these arylamines and heterocycles lead to a HOMO in the polymer of greater than -5.8 eV (at vacuum level), more preferably greater than -5.5 eV.

Group 2 structural units which have electron injection and / or electron transport properties are, for example, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, pyrazine, oxadiazole, quinoline, quinoxaline,

Anthracene, benzanthracene, pyrene, benzimidazole, triazine, ketone,

Phosphine oxide and phenazine derivatives, but also triarylboranes and other O-, S- or N-containing heterocycles with low lying LUMO (LUMO = lowest unoccupied molecular orbital). Preferably, these units in the polymer result in a LUMO of less than -1.5 eV (vs. vacuum level), more preferably less than -2.0 eV.

It may be preferred if the polymers according to the invention contain units from group 3 in which structures which influence the hole mobility and which electron mobility are involved (ie units from groups 1 and 2) are bonded directly to one another or structures are contained affect both hole mobility and electron mobility. Some of these units can serve as emitters and shift the emission color to green, yellow or red. Their use is thus suitable, for example, for the production of other emission colors from originally blue-emitting polymers.

Structural units from group 4, so-called triplet emitter units, are those which can emit light at room temperature with high efficiency from the triplet state, ie

Electrophorescence rather than electro fluorescence show what is common

Increase in energy efficiency causes. A triplet emitter unit is understood in the present application to mean a compound which comprises a triplet emitter. In the present application, triplet emitters are understood as meaning all compounds which are capable of undergoing transition from one triplet state to one energetically lower state to emit light in the visible or NIR range. This is also called phosphorescence. Compounds which contain heavy atoms with an atomic number of more than 36 are suitable for this purpose. Preference is given to compounds which contain d- or f-transition metals which fulfill the abovementioned condition. Particular preference is given here to corresponding structural units which contain elements of group 8 to 10 of the periodic table (Ru, Os, Rh, Ir, Pd, Pt). When

Structural units for the polymers according to the invention can be found here e.g. various complexes, such as e.g. in WO 02/068435 A1, in WO 02/081488 A1 and in EP 1239526 A2. Corresponding monomers are described in WO 02/068435 A1 and in WO 2005/042548 A1. According to the invention, it is preferred to use triplet emitters which emit in the visible spectral range (red, green or blue). The triplet emitter may be part of the backbone of the polymer (i.e., in the backbone of the polymer) or it may be located in a side chain of the polymer.

Group 5 structural units are those which improve the transition from the singlet to the triplet state and which, in support of the abovementioned triplet emitter units, use the

Improve phosphorescence properties of these structural elements.

Carbazole and bridged carbazole dimer units are particularly suitable for this purpose, as are described, for example, in US Pat. in WO 2004/070772 A2 and in WO 2004/113468 A1. Furthermore come for this ketones, phosphine oxides, sulfoxides, sulfones, silane derivatives and the like

Compounds in question, as e.g. in WO 2005/040302 A1

to be discribed.

Group 6 structural units are, in addition to the above, those having at least one more aromatic or other conjugated structure other than those mentioned above. Groups fall, i. which only slightly affect the charge carrier mobilities, which are not organometallic complexes or which do not affect the

Have singlet-triplet transition. Such structural elements can influence the emission color of the resulting polymers. Depending on the unit, they can therefore also be used as emitters. Preferred are while aromatic structures having 6 to 40 carbon atoms or tolan, stilbene or Bisstyrylarylenderivate, each of which may be substituted with one or more radicals R ¹ . Particularly preferred is the incorporation of 1, 4 phenylene, 1, 4-naphthylene, 1, 4 or 9,10-anthrylene, 1, 6, 2,7- or 4,9-pyrenylene, 4th , 4'-biphenylylene, 4,4 "-terphenyl, 4,4'-bi-1, 1'-naphthylylene, 4,4'-tolanylene, 4,4'-stilbenylene, 4,4" Bisstyryl-arylene, benzothiadiazole and corresponding oxygen derivatives, quinoxaline, phenothiazine, phenoxazine, dihydrophenazine,

Bis (thiophenyl) arylene, oligo (thiophenylene), phenazine, rubrene,

Pentacene or perylene derivatives, which are preferably substituted, or preferably conjugated push-pull systems (systems substituted with donor and acceptor substituents) or systems such as squarins or quinacridones, which are preferably substituted.

Group 7 structural units are units having aromatic structures of 6 to 40 carbon atoms, which are typically used as a backbone

preferably 4,5-dihydropyrene derivatives, 4,5,9,10-tetrahydropyrene derivatives, fluorene derivatives, 9,9 'spirobifluorene derivatives, phenanthrene derivatives, 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene derivatives, 5,7-dihydrodibenzooxepine derivatives and cis- and trans- indenofluorene derivatives, but

in principle, all similar structures that would lead to a conjugated, bridged or unbridged polyphenylene or poly-phenylene-vinylene homopolymer after the polymerization. Again, the said aromatic structure heteroatoms such as O, S or N im

Backbone or a side chain included.

Group 8 structural units are those which influence the film morphology and / or the rheology of the polymers, e.g. Siloxanes, long alkyl chains or fluorinated groups, but also particularly rigid or flexible units, such as e.g. liquid crystal forming units or

crosslinkable groups.

Preferred polymers according to the invention are those in which

at least one structural unit has charge transport properties, ie polymers which contain, inter alia, at least one unit selected from groups 1 and 2.

Preferred compounds according to the invention are polymers which, in addition to structural units of the formula (I), additionally contain one or more units selected from groups 1 to 8. It may also be preferred that at the same time more than one structural unit is present in a group.

It is likewise preferred if the polymers according to the invention

Contain units containing the charge transport and / or the

Improve charge injection, ie units from group 1 and / or 2; particularly preferred is a proportion of 0.5 to 50 mol% of these units; very particular preference is given to a proportion of from 1 to 30 mol% of these

Units.

It is furthermore particularly preferred if the polymers according to the invention contain structural units from group 7 and units from group 1 and / or 2. It is particularly preferred if the sum of structural units of the formula (I), of units of group 7 and units of group 1 and / or 2 of the polymer is at least 50 mol%, based on all units of the polymer

preferably 0.5 to 50 mol% of units from group 1 and / or 2. How the above-mentioned copolymers can be obtained and which further structural elements are particularly preferred for this purpose is described in detail, for example, in WO 2005/014688 A2. This is by quotation part of the disclosure of the present application. It should also be emphasized at this point that the polymer can also have dendritic structures.

The synthesis of the above-described units from groups 1 to 8 and the other emitting units is known to the person skilled in the art and is described in the literature, e.g. in WO 2005/014689 A2, in WO

2005/030827 A1 and in WO 2005/030828 A1. These Documents and the literature cited therein are incorporated by reference into the technical teaching disclosed in the present application.

For the synthesis of the compounds according to the invention, a polymerization reaction is generally carried out with one or more different monomer units, wherein at least one monomer incorporated in the polymer leads to structural units of the formula (I).

Suitable polymerization reactions are known in the art and described in the literature. Particularly suitable and preferred

Polymerization reactions leading to C-C or C-N linkages are as follows: SUZUKI, YAMAMOTO, SILENCE, HECK,

NEGISHI, SONOGASHIRA, HIYAMA, ULLMANN, WITTIG, or HARTWIG BUCHWALD polymerisation. How the polymerization can be carried out by these methods and how the polymers can then be separated off from the reaction medium and purified is known to the person skilled in the art and described in the literature, for example in WO 03/048225 A2, in WO 2004/037887 A2 and in US Pat WO 2004/037887 A2 described in detail.

The subject matter of the present application is thus also a process for the preparation of the polymers according to the invention, which is characterized

are characterized by being prepared by SUZUKI, YAMAMOTO, STILLE, HECK, NEGISHI, SONOGASHIRA, HIYAMA, ULLMANN, WITTIG, or HARTWIG-BUCHWALD polymerization. The dendrimers according to the invention can be prepared according to methods known to the person skilled in the art or in analogy thereto. Suitable methods are described in the literature, eg in Frechet, Jean MJ; Hawker, Craig J., "Hyperbranched polyphenylenes and hyperbranched polyesters: new soluble, three-dimensional, reactive polymers", Reactive & Functional Polymers (1995), 26 (1-3), 127-36; Janssen, HM; Meijer, EW, "The synthesis and characterization of dendritic molecules", Materials Science and Technology (1999), 20 (Synthesis of Polymers), 403-458; Tomalia, Donald A., "Dendrimer molecules", Scientific American (1995), 272 (5), 62-6, WO 02/067343 A1 and WO 2005/026144 A1. For the synthesis of the polymers according to the invention, the

corresponding monomers of the formula (II) are required.

Monomers which lead to structural units of the formula (I) in the polymers according to the invention are compounds which are correspondingly substituted and have at two positions suitable functionalities which make it possible to incorporate this monomer unit in the polymer. These

Monomers of the formula (II) are therefore likewise the subject of

present application. The symbols and indices R ¹ , R ² , m and n used in formula (II) are defined as described with respect to formula (I). The group X represents, for the same or different, one for one

Polymerization reaction suitable leaving group, so that the incorporation of the monomer units in polymeric compounds is made possible. Preferably, X represents a chemical functionality which is identically or differently selected from the class of the halogens, O-tosylates, O-triflates, O-sulfonates, boric acid esters, partially fluorinated silyl groups,

Diazonium groups and organotin compounds.

The backbone of the monomer compounds can be functionalized by standard methods, for example by Friedel-Crafts alkylation or acylation. Furthermore, the skeleton can be halogenated according to standard methods of organic chemistry. The halo- genated compounds can optionally be further implemented in additional functionalization steps. For example, the

halogenated compounds are used either directly or after conversion into a boronic acid derivative or organotin derivative as starting materials for the reaction to polymers, oligomers or dendrimers. The methods mentioned are merely a selection of the reactions known to the person skilled in the art which, without being inventive, can be used for the synthesis of the compounds according to the invention.

It may be preferred not to use the polymers according to the invention as a pure substance but as a mixture (blend) together with further any desired polymeric, oligomeric, dendritic or low molecular weight substances. These may e.g. the electronic

Improve properties or self-emit. A mixture is understood above and below to mean a composition which contains at least one polymeric component.

Another object of the present application is thus a mixture (blend) containing one or more polymers of the invention, and one or more other polymeric, oligomeric, dendritic or low molecular weight substances.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, it is preferred that a mixture contains a polymer according to the invention comprising structural units of the formula (I) and a low molecular weight substance.

In a further embodiment according to the invention, it is preferred that a mixture contains a polymer according to the invention, an emitter which is either present in the polymer according to the invention or, as in the abovementioned embodiments, mixed in as low molecular weight substance, and further low molecular weight substances. These low molecular weight substances can have the same functionalities as have been mentioned for possible monomer units in groups 1 to 8.

The present application furthermore relates to formulations comprising one or more polymers according to the invention and at least one solvent. How to make such solutions can, is known in the art and for example in the WO

02/072714 A1, in WO 03/019694 A2 and in the literature cited therein.

Suitable and preferred solvents are, for example, toluene, anisoles, xylenes, ethylbenzoate, dimethylanisoles, mesitylenes, tetralin, veratrole and tetrahydrofuran or mixtures of these

Substances.

These solutions can be used to prepare thin polymer layers, for example by area-coating techniques (e.g., spin-coating) or by printing techniques (e.g., ink-jet printing).

The polymers, mixtures and formulations according to the invention can be used in electronic or optoelectronic devices or for their production.

The present application relates to the use of the polymers, mixtures and formulations according to the invention in electronic or optoelectronic devices, preferably in organic electroluminescent devices (OLED), organic light-emitting electrochemical cells (OLEC), organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), organic integrated circuits ( O-ICs), organic thin-film transistors (TFTs), organic solar cells (O-SCs), organic laser diodes (O-lasers), organic photovoltaic elements or devices (OPV) or organic photoreceptors (OPCs), particularly preferably in organic electroluminescent devices ( OLED).

The present application is focused on the use of the compounds according to the invention in organic electroluminescent devices (OLEDs). However, it is possible for the skilled person without further inventive step to use the compounds of the invention for other uses in other electronic devices. For the purposes of the present application, it is preferred that the polymer, oligomer or dendrimer according to the invention is present as a layer (or in a layer) in the electronic device.

The present application thus also relates to a layer, in particular an organic layer, comprising one or more polymers according to the invention.

Preferably, the compounds are used in organic electronic devices containing at least one layer containing one or more of the polymers of the invention. The use is particularly preferred in organic electroluminescent devices containing anode, cathode and at least one

emitting layer, characterized in that at least one layer contains at least one inventive polymer having structural units of the formula (I).

In a further embodiment, it is preferred that the polymer containing structural units of the formula (I) together with a

emitting compound is used in an emitting layer. The mixture of the polymer containing structural units of the formula (I) and the emitting compound then contains between 99 and 1% by weight, preferably between 98 and 60% by weight, particularly preferably between 97 and 70% by weight, very particularly preferably between 95 and 75 wt .-% of the polymer based on the total mixture of emitter and matrix material. Accordingly, the mixture contains between 1 and 99 wt .-%, preferably between 2 and 40 wt .-%, particularly preferably between 3 and 30 wt .-%, most preferably between 5 and 25 wt .-% of the emitter based on the Total mixture of emitter and matrix material.

In yet a further embodiment of the present invention, the polymers according to the invention are used as hole transport material or as hole injection material. The polymer is preferably used in a hole transport or in a hole injection layer. For example, these hole injection layers according to the invention are triarylamines, carbazoles, silanes or phosphanes.

A hole injection layer in the sense of the present application is a layer which directly adjoins the anode. A hole transport layer in the sense of the present application is a layer that lies between a hole injection layer and an emission layer. If

Polymers according to the invention can be used as hole transport or as hole injection material, it may be preferred if they are with

Electron-acceptor compounds are doped, for example with F ₄ -Tetracyanochinodimethan (TCNQ) or with compounds as described in EP 1476881 or in EP 1596445.

In addition, the polymers of the invention can be used in charge blocking layers. These charge blocking layers may consist of various suitable materials,

including alumina, polyvinyl butyral, silane, and mixtures thereof. This layer, which is generally applied by known coating techniques, may be of any effective thickness, preferably in the range of 0.05 to 0.5 μm.

The present application furthermore relates to electronic or optoelectronic components, preferably organic electroluminescent devices (OLED), organic light-emitting electrochemical cells (OLEC), organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), organic integrated circuits (O-ICs), organic thin film transistors (TFTs), organic solar cells (O-SCs), organic laser diodes (O-lasers), organic photovoltaic elements or devices (OPV) or organic photoreceptors (OPCs), more preferably organic electroluminescent devices with one or more active ones

Layers, wherein at least one of these active layers contains one or more polymers according to the invention. The active layer may, for example, be a light-emitting layer, a charge-transport layer and / or a charge-injection layer. How OLEDs can be produced is known to the person skilled in the art and is described in detail, for example, as a general method in WO 2004/070772 A2, which is to be adapted accordingly for the individual case. Preferably, an organic electroluminescent device, characterized in that one or more layers of solution, such as by spin coating, or with any printing method, such as roll to roll, screen printing, flexographic printing or offset printing, but particularly preferably LITI (Light Induced Thermal Imaging, Thermal transfer printing), ink-jet printing (ink-jet printing), dipping method or spraying method. For this purpose, soluble compounds are needed. The substitutions according to the invention make it possible to achieve a high solubility.

In addition to the cathode, anode and the emitting layer, the organic electroluminescent device may contain further layers. These may be selected, for example, from charge carrier injection, charge carrier transport or carrier blocking layer (T. Matsumoto et al., Multiphoton Organic EL Device Having Charge Generation Layer, IDMC 2003, Taiwan, Session 21 OLED (5)). But be it

noted that not necessarily each of these layers

must be present and also several layers with the same function can be present.

In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention

Invention, the organic electroluminescent device comprises a plurality of emitting layers, wherein at least one layer contains at least one inventive polymer. The emission layers preferably have a plurality of emission maxima between 380 nm and 750 nm, so that overall white emission results in this case.

Particularly preferred are three-layer systems, wherein at least one of these layers contains at least one polymer according to the invention and wherein the three layers show blue, green and orange or red emission (for the basic structure see eg WO 05/011013). The subject of the present application are thus both the

Devices themselves as well as the use of the polymers of the invention in the corresponding devices.

All preferred and not explicitly preferred features of the abovementioned polymers according to the invention, their use in

electronic devices and the electronic devices themselves can be combined with each other as desired. All resulting combinations are also part of the present application.

When used in organic electroluminescent devices, the compounds according to the invention preferably have one or more of the following advantageous properties:

1. The polymers of the invention have a large band gap

Thus, a lower blue singlet emission is achieved for large color gamut display applications, and the larger band gaps in the polymers of the present invention also allow their use as host materials, not only for red but also for green triplet -Emission.

2. The compounds according to the invention increase the lifetime and the efficiency of, in particular, blue-emitting organic compounds

Electroluminescent devices for high-quality applications.

The following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention without limiting it. In particular, the features, characteristics and advantages of the defined compounds underlying the example in question are also applicable to other compounds not mentioned in detail but falling within the scope of the claims, unless otherwise stated elsewhere. embodiments

Preparation of the monomers

The monomeric compounds for the synthesis of the polymers according to the invention can be prepared by methods described in the prior art, it being possible for the person skilled in the art to apply the methods to the actual case without being inventive. Thus, the dibenzocycloheptane monomer used in the polymer of the invention is obtained by the following route:

(Vonlanthen et al. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2010, 120)

Preparation of the polymers

The comparative polymer V1 and the polymer P1 according to the invention are synthesized by using the following monomers (percentages = mol%) by SUZUKI coupling according to the general instructions from WO 03/048225 A2.

Comparative Example 1 (Comparative Polmer V1)

Example 2 (Polymer PI)

Examples 3 and 4: Preparation of PLEDs

The preparation of a polymeric organic light-emitting diode (PLED) has already been described many times in the literature (for example in WO 2004/037887 A2). To exemplify the present invention, PLEDs with the comparative polymer V1 and the inventive polymer P1 are produced by spin coating.

For this purpose, specially prepared substrates from Technoprint are used in a layout specially designed for this purpose. The ITO structure (indium-tin-oxide, a transparent, conductive anode) is applied by sputtering in such a pattern on sodalimeglass that result in four pixels a 2 x 2 mm with the vapor deposited at the end of the manufacturing process.

The substrates are cleaned in the clean room with DI water and a detergent (Deconex 15 PF) and then activated by a UV / ozone plasma treatment. Thereafter, an 80 nm layer of PEDOT (PEDOT is a polythiophene derivative (Baytron P VAI 4083sp.) From H. C. Starck, Goslar, which is supplied as an aqueous dispersion) is likewise applied by spin coating in the clean room. The required spin rate depends on the degree of dilution and the specific spincoater geometry (typically 80 nm: 4500 rpm). To remove residual water from the layer, the substrates are baked for 10 minutes at 180 ° C on a hot plate. Thereafter, under an inert gas atmosphere (nitrogen or argon), initially 20 nm of an interlayer (typically a

hole dominated polymer, here HIL-012 from Merck) and then 65 nm of the Polymer layers of toluene solutions (concentration interlayer 5 g / l, for the polymers V1 and P1 between 8 and 10 g / l) applied. Both

Layers are baked at 180 ° C for at least 10 minutes. Thereafter, the Ba / Al cathode in the specified pattern by a

Deposition mask vapor deposited (high purity metals from Aldrich, particularly barium 99.99% (order no 474711). Coaters of Lesker above, typical vacuum level 5 x 10 ^"6 mbar). In order to protect especially the cathode against air and humidity, is Finally, the devices are encapsulated and then characterized by mounting the devices in holders specially designed for the substrate size and contacting them with spring contacts

Photodiode with eye-tracking filter can be placed directly on the measuring holder to exclude the influence of extraneous light. Typically, the voltages are from 0 to max. 20 V in 0.2 V increments and lowered again. For each measuring point, the current through the device as well as the received photocurrent of the

Photodiode measured. In this way one obtains the IVL data of the test devices. Important parameters are the measured efficiency at 000 cd / m ² (in cd / A) and the voltage required for 1000 cd / m ² .

In addition, in order to know the color and the exact electroluminescence spectrum of the test devices, the voltage required for 1000 cd / m ^{2 is} again applied after the first measurement and the photodiode is replaced by a spectrum measuring head. This is connected by an optical fiber with a spectrometer (Ocean Optics). The color coordinates from the measured spectrum (CIE: Commission International de ^l'eclairage, standard observer from 1931) can be derived. The results which are obtained when using the comparative polymer V1 and the polymer P1 according to the invention in PLEDs are summarized in the following Table 1. Table 1

As can be seen from the results in Table 1, the polymer according to the invention has both a higher efficiency and a significantly longer service life than a comparable polymer of the prior art.

In addition, the polymer according to the invention leads to a deeper blue emission.

Claims

claims

Polymer comprising one or more structural units of the formula (I),

in which

R ¹ , R ² in each occurrence, identically or differently H, D, F, OH, N (R ³ ) 2, a straight-chain, branched or cyclic Alkyh alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, in which also a or several H atoms can be replaced by F and in which also one or more non-adjacent CH 2 groups by O, S, Si (R ³ ) ₂ , Ge (R ³ ) ₂ , BR ³ , NR ³ , PR ³ , CO, C = S, C = Se, C = NR ³ , PO (R ³ ), PS (R ³ ), R ³ C = CR ³ , C = C, SO, SO ₂ , COO, O (CO) O or CONR ³ may be replaced, or a mono- or polycyclic, aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system;

R ³ at each occurrence, identically or differently H, F, a straight-chain, branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, in which also one or more H atoms may be replaced by F and in also one or more non-adjacent CH 2 groups may be replaced by O, CO, COO or O (CO) O, or a mono- or polycyclic, aromatic or heteroaromatic

Ring system; m, n independently of one another, identical or different, can be 0, 1, 2 or 3, preferably 0 or 1 and particularly preferably 0; and the dashed lines represent the bonds to the adjacent structural units in the polymer.

Polymer according to claim 1, characterized in that the structural unit of formula (I) is selected from among

Structural units of the formulas (Ia) to (Ic)

wherein the dashed lines in formulas (la), (lb) and (lc) represent the bonds to the adjacent structural units in the polymer and R ¹ , R ² , m and n in formulas (la) to (Ic) are the same as for R ¹ , R ² , m and n with respect to formula (I) in claim 1

assumed meanings.

Polymer according to Claim 2, characterized in that the structural unit of the formula (Ia) is chosen from the formulas (Ia1) and (Ia2)

wherein the dashed lines in formulas (Ia1) and (Ia2) represent the bonds to the adjacent structural units in the polymer and the radicals R ¹ in the formulas (Ia1) and (Ia2) are the same for R ¹ with respect to formula (I) in FIG Claim 1 specified

Can accept meanings.

Polymer according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it has a molecular weight M _w in the range of 1,000 to 2,000,000 g / mol. Polymer according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the proportion of the structural units of the formula (I) in the polymer is 1 to 95 mol%.

Polymer according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the polymer also contains at least one further structural unit which is different from the structural unit of the formula (I).

Compound of the formula (II),

where the symbols and indices R, R, m and n used can assume the meanings given for R ¹ , m and n in relation to formula (I) in claim 1 and additionally that X is suitable for the polymerization reaction

Leaving group represents.

A compound according to claim 7, characterized in that X is independently or identically selected from halogen, O-tosylate, O-triflate, O-sulfonate, boric acid esters, partially fluorinated silyl groups, diazonium groups and

organotin compounds.

Mixtures containing at least one polymer according to one or more of claims 1 to 6 and additionally one or more compounds selected from the classes of polymeric, oligomeric, dendritic and low molecular weight substances. Formulations containing at least one polymer according to one or more of claims 1 to 6 and at least one solvent.

Use of a polymer according to one or more of claims 1 to 6 or a mixture according to claim 9 in organic electronic devices.

Organic electronic device having one or more active layers, characterized in that at least one of these active layers contains one or more polymers according to one or more of claims 1 to 6 or a mixture according to claim 9.

Organic electronic device according to claim 12, characterized in that it is an organic

Electroluminescent device (OLED), an organic light emitting electrochemical cell (OLEC), an organic integrated circuit (O-IC), an organic field effect transistor (OFET), organic thin film transistor (OTFT), an organic solar cell (O-SC), an organic laser diode (O-laser), an organic photovoltaic element or a corresponding device (OPV) or an organic

Photoreceptor (OPC), preferably an organic

Electroluminescent device (OLED) acts.