EP2786810A1 - Method for separating and/or sorting of bulk materials - Google Patents

Method for separating and/or sorting of bulk materials Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2786810A1
EP2786810A1 EP14001232.9A EP14001232A EP2786810A1 EP 2786810 A1 EP2786810 A1 EP 2786810A1 EP 14001232 A EP14001232 A EP 14001232A EP 2786810 A1 EP2786810 A1 EP 2786810A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
bulk material
separation channel
separation
separating
vibration drive
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EP14001232.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2786810B1 (en
Inventor
Nico Mummert
Günther Blösch
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Trenn- und Sortiertechnik GmbH
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Trenn- und Sortiertechnik GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
    • B07B13/10—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices using momentum effects
    • B07B13/11—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices using momentum effects involving travel of particles over surfaces which separate by centrifugal force or by relative friction between particles and such surfaces, e.g. helical sorters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
    • B07B13/10—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices using momentum effects
    • B07B13/11—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices using momentum effects involving travel of particles over surfaces which separate by centrifugal force or by relative friction between particles and such surfaces, e.g. helical sorters
    • B07B13/113—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices using momentum effects involving travel of particles over surfaces which separate by centrifugal force or by relative friction between particles and such surfaces, e.g. helical sorters shaking tables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
    • B07B13/14—Details or accessories
    • B07B13/16—Feed or discharge arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for separating and / or sorting bulk materials, in particular crushed scrap for the recovery of recyclable recyclables. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for carrying out the method.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to improve a method of the type mentioned in such a way that even such bulk materials can be separated as quantitatively as possible from one another in groups of bulk materials.
  • this is achieved by a method in which initially the bulk material is applied via a hopper, a screw, a conveyor belt or the like on a distributor trough, which is provided with a vibrating drive for the planar distribution of the bulk material, whereby the bulk material to the edge of the distributor trough wanders and falls from there to a below arranged separation channel, which is arranged obliquely and also provided with a vibration drive, whereby a separation of the bulk material takes place in two types of bulk material, namely one in the separation channel upwardly and downwardly migrating, each at the top or lower edge of the separation channel can be collected separately.
  • the advantage achieved by the invention consists essentially in the fact that, as a result, materials can also be separated from one another, which could hitherto hardly be separated by the known separation processes.
  • a separation is possible to the extent that the interesting materials for reuse, namely the copper cable, copper strands, Plastics and printed circuit boards, can be separated from the other materials.
  • the oscillatory movements generated by the vibration drive of the separation channel take place in the plane of its bearing surface. This promotes the separation of the bulk material in a special way.
  • pre-sorting with the aid of a rake takes place at the discharge edge of the distributor troughs.
  • the bulk material shares to be supplied to a recyclable material are transported longer on the rake, while the unwanted admixtures fall through the spaces between the rake.
  • a further pre-sorting takes place by means of a bulk material separating air flow by means of a first air nozzle. Since the parts to be separated preferably have an increased air resistance, based on their weight, a pre-separation is already carried out by this air flow.
  • an air flow is generated by means of a second air nozzle, since the bulk material types moving upwards in the separation process on the separation channel initially tend to roll downwards.
  • the invention is characterized by an arrangement for separating and / or sorting bulk materials, in particular crushed scrap for the recovery of recyclable Recyclables, which initially consists of a distributor trough, to which the bulk material is applied via a funnel, a screw, a conveyor belt or the like, wherein the distributor trough is provided with a vibrating drive for the flat distribution of the bulk material, further arranged with a below, that of Edge of the distribution channel falling bulk receiving separation channel, which is arranged obliquely and is also provided with a vibrating drive to separate the bulk material in two types of bulk material, as well as collecting containers for the two accumulating at the top or bottom of the separation trough bulk material types.
  • the inclination of the separation channel is in the range between 10 ° and 18 °, since here the separation results are particularly optimal.
  • the vibration drive of the separation channel is advantageously arranged below this and generates oscillating movements in the plane of its bearing surface. It has proven to be expedient if the vibration stroke of the vibration drive of the separation channel is in the range up to a maximum of 1.9 mm.
  • the vibration drive of the separation channel is formed electromagnetically.
  • a rake is arranged at the discharge edge of the distributor trough. This leads to a first spatial separation of the bulk material.
  • the clear calculation width is in the range between 10 and 15 mm.
  • the rake is inclined downwards to its free end at an angle of about 10 °.
  • a second air nozzle is arranged, whose air flow is used to further support the separation process.
  • the device shown in the drawing is used for separating and / or sorting of bulk materials, in particular of crushed scrap for the recovery of recyclable recyclables.
  • this device consists of a distributor trough 1, to which the bulk material is applied via a hopper not shown in the drawing, a screw, a front belt or the like.
  • the distributor trough 1 is here provided with a vibratory drive 2, which ensures a planar distribution of the bulk material and, moreover, transports it to its free edge 3.
  • the device has a separating channel 4 arranged below the distributor channel 1, which receives the bulk material falling from the free edge 3 of the distributor channel 1.
  • This separation channel 4 is arranged obliquely and also provided with a vibration drive 5, which in particular because of the inclination separation of the bulk material in two types of bulk material is possible.
  • a vibration drive 5 which in particular because of the inclination separation of the bulk material in two types of bulk material is possible.
  • the arrangement just described allows in particular a separation of copper cable, copper strands, plastics and printed circuit boards, ie recyclables of the otherwise contained in the bulk material with stones, glass, iron and stainless steel.
  • the vibration drive 5 of the separation channel 4 is arranged below this and generates oscillating movements which lie in the plane of the support surface.
  • a vibration stroke of the vibration drive 5 of the separation channel 4 of a maximum of 1.9 mm is sufficient. It is crucial, however, that the vibration drive 5 of the separation channel 4 is formed electromagnetically.
  • a rake 6 which performs a presorting of the bulk material.
  • cables and strands remain longer on the rake 6 than the so-called cubic material, ie stones and glass.
  • a calculation width in the range between 10 and 15 mm has proven to be expedient. It is also advantageous if the rake 6 is inclined downwards towards its free end at an angle of approximately 10 °.
  • two air nozzles 7.8 are arranged on the device whose air flow performs a presorting.
  • the first air nozzle 7 is arranged below the Abschrandes 3 and ensures that the lighter material that moves in the further separation process on the separation channel 4 upwards, is already moved in this preferred direction.
  • the second air nozzle 8 is just above the separation channel 4 arranged and also conveys those materials which perform on the separation channel 4 itself an upward movement in this preferred direction, since they initially after hitting the separation channel 4 tend to roll down.

Abstract

Das Verfahren dient zum Trennen und/oder Sortieren von Schüttgütern, insbesondere von zerkleinertem Schrott zur Rückgewinnung von wiederverwertbaren Wertstoffen, bei welchem zunächst das Schüttgut über einen Trichter, eine Schnecke, ein Förderband oder dergleichen auf eine Verteilerrinne (1) aufgebracht wird. Die Verteilerrinne (1) ist mit einem Vibrationsantrieb (2) zur flächigen Verteilung des Schüttgutes versehen, wodurch das Schüttgut zum Rand der Verteilerrinne (1) wandert und von dort auf eine unterhalb angeordnete Separationsrinne (4) fällt, die schräg angeordnet und ebenfalls mit einem Vibrationsantrieb (5) versehen ist. Dadurch erfolgt eine Trennung des Schüttgutes in zwei Schüttgutsorten, nämlich eine in der Separationsrinne (4) aufwärts wandernde und eine abwärts wandernde, die jeweils am oberen bzw. unteren Rand der Separationsrinne (4) getrennt aufgefangen werden können.The method is used for separating and / or sorting of bulk materials, in particular crushed scrap for the recovery of recyclable recyclables, in which initially the bulk material via a hopper, a screw, a conveyor belt or the like is applied to a distributor trough (1). The distributor trough (1) is provided with a vibratory drive (2) for the areal distribution of the bulk material, whereby the bulk material migrates to the edge of the distributor trough (1) and from there falls onto a separating trough (4) arranged below, arranged obliquely and likewise with a Vibration drive (5) is provided. This results in a separation of the bulk material in two types of bulk material, namely one in the separation channel (4) upwardly migrating and a downward migratory, which can be collected separately at the top or bottom of the separation channel (4).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Trennen und/oder Sortieren von Schüttgütern, insbesondere von zerkleinertem Schrott zur Rückgewinnung von wiederverwertbaren Wertstoffen. Weiter betrifft die Erfindung eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for separating and / or sorting bulk materials, in particular crushed scrap for the recovery of recyclable recyclables. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for carrying out the method.

Derartige Verfahren sind aus der Praxis in vielfältigen Ausgestaltungen bekannt, mit welchen bereits eine Vielzahl von Materialien näherungsweise quantitativ voneinander getrennt werden können. Gleichwohl verbleiben Mischungen von Schüttgütern, deren Trennung schwierig oder sogar unmöglich ist.Such methods are known in practice in a variety of configurations, with which a plurality of materials can already be approximately quantitatively separated from each other. However, mixtures of bulk materials remain, the separation of which is difficult or even impossible.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zu Grunde, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art dahingehend zu verbessern, dass auch derartige Schüttgüter möglichst quantitativ voneinander in Gruppen von Schüttgutsorten getrennt werden können.The invention is therefore based on the object to improve a method of the type mentioned in such a way that even such bulk materials can be separated as quantitatively as possible from one another in groups of bulk materials.

Gemäß der Erfindung gelingt dies durch ein Verfahren, bei welchem zunächst das Schüttgut über einen Trichter, eine Schnecke, ein Förderband oder dergleichen auf eine Verteilerrinne aufgebracht wird, die mit einem Vibrationsantrieb zur flächigen Verteilung des Schüttgutes versehen ist, wodurch das Schüttgut zum Rand der Verteilerrinne wandert und von dort auf eine unterhalb angeordnete Separationsrinne fällt, die schräg angeordnet und ebenfalls mit einem Vibrationsantrieb versehen ist, wodurch eine Trennung des Schüttgutes in zwei Schüttgutsorten erfolgt, nämlich eine in der Separationsrinne aufwärts wandernde und eine abwärts wandernde, die jeweils am oberen bzw. unteren Rand der Separationsrinne getrennt aufgefangen werden können.According to the invention, this is achieved by a method in which initially the bulk material is applied via a hopper, a screw, a conveyor belt or the like on a distributor trough, which is provided with a vibrating drive for the planar distribution of the bulk material, whereby the bulk material to the edge of the distributor trough wanders and falls from there to a below arranged separation channel, which is arranged obliquely and also provided with a vibration drive, whereby a separation of the bulk material takes place in two types of bulk material, namely one in the separation channel upwardly and downwardly migrating, each at the top or lower edge of the separation channel can be collected separately.

Der durch die Erfindung erreichte Vorteil besteht im wesentlichen darin, dass hierdurch auch Materialien voneinander trennbar sind, die bisher durch die bekannten Trennverfahren kaum separiert werden konnten. Von besonderem Vorteil ist hierbei, das bei einer Mischung aus Kupferkabel, Kupferlitzen, Kunststoffen, Leiterplatten, Eisen, Edelstahl, Steinen, Glas sowie NE-Metallen eine Trennung dahingehend möglich ist, dass die für eine Weiterverwertung interessanten Materialien, nämlich die Kupferkabel, Kupferlitzen, Kunststoffe und Leiterplatten, von den übrigen Materialien getrennt werden können. Vorteilhaft und daher bevorzugt angewandt im Rahmen des Verfahrens ist, dass die von dem Vibrationsantrieb der Separationsrinne erzeugten Schwingbewegungen in der Ebene ihrer Auflagefläche erfolgen. Dies fördert die Trennung des Schüttgutes in besonderer Weise.The advantage achieved by the invention consists essentially in the fact that, as a result, materials can also be separated from one another, which could hitherto hardly be separated by the known separation processes. Of particular advantage here is that in a mixture of copper cable, copper strands, plastics, printed circuit boards, iron, stainless steel, stones, glass and non-ferrous metals, a separation is possible to the extent that the interesting materials for reuse, namely the copper cable, copper strands, Plastics and printed circuit boards, can be separated from the other materials. Advantageous and therefore preferably used within the scope of the method is that the oscillatory movements generated by the vibration drive of the separation channel take place in the plane of its bearing surface. This promotes the separation of the bulk material in a special way.

Weiter ist es im Rahmen des Verfahrens von Vorteil, wenn am Abwurfrand der Verteilerrinnen eine Vorsortierung mit Hilfe eines Rechens erfolgt. Die einer Wertstoffverwertung zuzuführenden Schüttgutanteile werden hierbei länger auf dem Rechen befördert, während die unerwünschten Beimengungen durch die Zwischenräume des Rechens fallen.Furthermore, it is advantageous in the context of the method if pre-sorting with the aid of a rake takes place at the discharge edge of the distributor troughs. The bulk material shares to be supplied to a recyclable material are transported longer on the rake, while the unwanted admixtures fall through the spaces between the rake.

Als weiterhin vorteilhaft im Rahmen des Verfahrens hat sich herausgestellt, wenn unterhalb des Abwurfrandes eine weitere Vorsortierung mit Hilfe einer die Schüttgutsorten separierenden Luftströmung mittels einer ersten Luftdüse erfolgt. Da die zu separierenden Teile bevorzugt einen erhöhten Luftwiderstand, bezogen auf Ihr Gewicht, aufweisen, erfolgt durch diese Luftströmung bereits eine Vortrennung.As further advantageous in the context of the method has been found, if below the Abwurfrandes a further pre-sorting takes place by means of a bulk material separating air flow by means of a first air nozzle. Since the parts to be separated preferably have an increased air resistance, based on their weight, a pre-separation is already carried out by this air flow.

In vergleichbarer Weise wird zur Unterstützung des Trennvorgangs auf der Separationsrinne oberhalb dieser eine Luftströmung mittels einer zweiten Luftdüse erzeugt, da die an sich im Trennprozess auf der Separationsrinne aufwärts sich bewegenden Schüttgutsorten zunächst dazu neigen, abwärts zu rollen.Similarly, in order to assist the separation process on the separation channel above it, an air flow is generated by means of a second air nozzle, since the bulk material types moving upwards in the separation process on the separation channel initially tend to roll downwards.

In vorrichtungsmäßiger Hinsicht ist die Erfindung gekennzeichnet durch eine Anordnung zum Trennen und/oder Sortieren von Schüttgütern, insbesondere von zerkleinertem Schrott zur Rückgewinnung von wiederverwertbaren Wertstoffen, die zunächst aus einer Verteilerrinne besteht, auf die das Schüttgut über einen Trichter, eine Schnecke, ein Förderband oder dergleichen aufgebracht wird, wobei die Verteilerrinne mit einem Vibrationsantrieb zur flächigen Verteilung des Schüttgutes versehen ist, ferner mit einer unterhalb davon angeordneten, das vom Rand der Verteilerrinne herabfallende Schüttgut aufnehmenden Separationsrinne, die schräg angeordnet und ebenfalls mit einem Vibrationsantrieb zur Trennung des Schüttgutes in zwei Schüttgutsorten versehen ist, sowie mit Auffangbehältnissen für die beiden am oberen bzw. unteren Rand der Separationsrinne anfallenden Schüttgutsorten.In terms of the device, the invention is characterized by an arrangement for separating and / or sorting bulk materials, in particular crushed scrap for the recovery of recyclable Recyclables, which initially consists of a distributor trough, to which the bulk material is applied via a funnel, a screw, a conveyor belt or the like, wherein the distributor trough is provided with a vibrating drive for the flat distribution of the bulk material, further arranged with a below, that of Edge of the distribution channel falling bulk receiving separation channel, which is arranged obliquely and is also provided with a vibrating drive to separate the bulk material in two types of bulk material, as well as collecting containers for the two accumulating at the top or bottom of the separation trough bulk material types.

Bei einer derartigen Vorrichtung hat es sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn die Neigung der Separationsrinne im Bereich zwischen 10° und 18° liegt, da hier die Trennergebnisse besonders optimal sind.In such a device, it has proven to be advantageous if the inclination of the separation channel is in the range between 10 ° and 18 °, since here the separation results are particularly optimal.

Der Vibrationsantrieb der Separationsrinne ist vorteilhafterweise unterhalb dieser angeordnet und erzeugt Schwingbewegungen in der Ebene ihrer Auflagefläche. Hierbei hat es sich als zweckmäßig erwiesen, wenn der Vibrationshub des Vibrationsantriebs der Separationsrinne im Bereich bis maximal 1,9 mm beträgt.The vibration drive of the separation channel is advantageously arranged below this and generates oscillating movements in the plane of its bearing surface. It has proven to be expedient if the vibration stroke of the vibration drive of the separation channel is in the range up to a maximum of 1.9 mm.

Hierbei ist es weiter von besonderem Vorteil, wenn der Vibrationsantrieb der Separationsrinne elektromagnetisch ausgebildet ist.Here, it is also of particular advantage if the vibration drive of the separation channel is formed electromagnetically.

Um eine Vorsortierung des Schüttgutes zu erreichen, bevor dieses auf die Separationsrinne fällt, ist im Rahmen der Erfindung vorgesehen, das am Abwurfrand der Verteilerrinne ein Rechen angeordnet ist. Dieser führt zu einer ersten räumlichen Trennung des Schüttgutes. Bei den üblicherweise zur Anwendung kommenden Materialgrößen des Schüttgutes ist es zweckmäßig, wenn hierbei die lichte Rechenweite im Bereich zwischen 10 und 15 mm liegt.In order to achieve a pre-sorting of the bulk material before it falls onto the separation channel, it is provided in the context of the invention that at the discharge edge of the distributor trough a rake is arranged. This leads to a first spatial separation of the bulk material. In the case of the material quantities of the bulk material which are usually used, it is expedient if in this case the clear calculation width is in the range between 10 and 15 mm.

Weiter hat es sich hierbei als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn der Rechen zu seinem freien Ende abwärts unter einem Winkel von etwa 10° geneigt ist.Further, it has proved to be advantageous if the rake is inclined downwards to its free end at an angle of about 10 °.

Um eine weitere Vortrennung zu erreichen, empfiehlt es sich, dass unterhalb des Abwurfrandes eine im wesentlichen horizontal ausgerichtete Luftdüse angeordnet ist, durch deren Luftströmung eine weitere Vorsortierung des Schüttgutes erfolgt.In order to achieve a further pre-separation, it is recommended that below the Abwurfrandes a substantially horizontally oriented air nozzle is arranged through the air flow is carried out a further presorting of the bulk material.

Schließlich ist es in diesem Sinne zusätzlich von Vorteil, wenn oberhalb der Separationsrinne eine zweite Luftdüse angeordnet ist, deren Luftströmung zur weiteren Unterstützung des Trennvorgangs dient.Finally, it is in this sense additionally advantageous if above the separation channel, a second air nozzle is arranged, whose air flow is used to further support the separation process.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung an einem in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel näher erläutert; es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine perspektivische Ansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung,
Fig. 2
eine schematische Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1.
In the following the invention will be explained in more detail in an embodiment shown in the drawing; show it:
Fig. 1
a perspective view of the device according to the invention,
Fig. 2
a schematic side view of the device according to Fig. 1 ,

Die in der Zeichnung dargestellte Vorrichtung dient zum Trennen und/oder Sortieren von Schüttgütern, insbesondere von zerkleinertem Schrott zur Rückgewinnung von wiederverwertbaren Wertstoffen.The device shown in the drawing is used for separating and / or sorting of bulk materials, in particular of crushed scrap for the recovery of recyclable recyclables.

Im einzelnen besteht diese Vorrichtung aus einer Verteilerrinne 1, auf die das Schüttgut über einen in der Zeichnung nicht näher dargestellten Trichter, eine Schnecke, ein Vorderband oder dergleichen aufgebracht wird. Die Verteilerrinne 1 ist hierbei mit einem Vibrationsantrieb 2 versehen, der für eine flächige Verteilung des Schüttgutes sorgt und dieses im Übrigen zu ihrem freien Rand 3 hin transportiert.In detail, this device consists of a distributor trough 1, to which the bulk material is applied via a hopper not shown in the drawing, a screw, a front belt or the like. The distributor trough 1 is here provided with a vibratory drive 2, which ensures a planar distribution of the bulk material and, moreover, transports it to its free edge 3.

Ferner weist die Vorrichtung eine unterhalb der Verteilerrinne 1 angeordnete Separationsrinne 4 auf, die das vom freien Rand 3 der Verteilerrinne 1 herabfallende Schüttgut aufnimmt. Diese Separationsrinne 4 ist schräg angeordnet und ebenfalls mit einem Vibrationsantrieb 5 versehen, wodurch insbesondere wegen der Schrägstellung eine Trennung des Schüttgutes in zwei Schüttgutsorten möglich ist. Somit befinden sich an beiden Enden der Separationsrinne 4 Auffangbehältnisse, die die separierten Schüttgutsorten aufnehmen.Furthermore, the device has a separating channel 4 arranged below the distributor channel 1, which receives the bulk material falling from the free edge 3 of the distributor channel 1. This separation channel 4 is arranged obliquely and also provided with a vibration drive 5, which in particular because of the inclination separation of the bulk material in two types of bulk material is possible. Thus, at both ends of the separation channel 4 collecting containers that receive the separated bulk material types.

Die eben beschriebene Anordnung erlaubt insbesondere eine Abtrennung von Kupferkabel, Kupferlitzen, Kunststoffe und Leiterplatten, also Wertstoffen von den im Übrigen im Schüttgut mit enthaltenen Steinen, Glas, Eisen und Edelstahl.The arrangement just described allows in particular a separation of copper cable, copper strands, plastics and printed circuit boards, ie recyclables of the otherwise contained in the bulk material with stones, glass, iron and stainless steel.

Hierbei zeigt sich, dass eine Trennung insbesondere dann sehr erfolgreich ist, wenn die Neigung der Separationsrinne 4 im Bereich zwischen 10° und 18° liegt.This shows that a separation is very successful in particular if the inclination of the separation channel 4 is in the range between 10 ° and 18 °.

Wie sich aus der Zeichnung ersehen lässt, ist der Vibrationsantrieb 5 der Separationsrinne 4 unterhalb dieser angeordnet und erzeugt Schwingbewegungen, die in der Ebene der Auflagefläche liegen. Um eine optimale Trennung zu erreichen, hat sich gezeigt, dass ein Vibrationshub des Vibrationsantriebs 5 der Separationsrinne 4 von maximal 1,9 mm ausreichend ist. Entscheidend ist jedoch, dass der Vibrationsantrieb 5 der Separationsrinne 4 elektromagnetisch ausgebildet ist.As can be seen from the drawing, the vibration drive 5 of the separation channel 4 is arranged below this and generates oscillating movements which lie in the plane of the support surface. In order to achieve optimum separation, it has been shown that a vibration stroke of the vibration drive 5 of the separation channel 4 of a maximum of 1.9 mm is sufficient. It is crucial, however, that the vibration drive 5 of the separation channel 4 is formed electromagnetically.

Wie weiter in der Zeichnung angedeutet ist, befindet sich am Abwurfrand 3 der Verteilerrinne 1 ein Rechen 6, der eine Vorsortierung des Schüttgutes vornimmt. Insbesondere Kabel und Litzen verharren länger auf dem Rechen 6 als das so genannte kubische Material, also Steine und Glas. Bei dem üblicherweise zur Trennung kommenden Schüttgut hat sich eine Rechenweite im Bereich zwischen 10 und 15 mm als zweckmäßig erwiesen. Günstig ist hierbei weiterhin, wenn der Rechen 6 zu seinem freien Ende hin abwärts unter einem Winkel von etwa 10° geneigt ist.As is further indicated in the drawing, located at the Abwurfrand 3 of the distributor trough 1, a rake 6, which performs a presorting of the bulk material. In particular, cables and strands remain longer on the rake 6 than the so-called cubic material, ie stones and glass. In the case of the bulk material usually for separation, a calculation width in the range between 10 and 15 mm has proven to be expedient. It is also advantageous if the rake 6 is inclined downwards towards its free end at an angle of approximately 10 °.

Um den Trennprozess weiter zu optimieren, sind an der Vorrichtung zwei Luftdüsen 7,8 angeordnet, deren Luftströmung eine Vorsortierung vornimmt. Die erste Luftdüse 7 ist unterhalb des Abwurfrandes 3 angeordnet und sorgt dafür, dass das leichtere Material, das im weiteren Trennprozess auf der Separationsrinne 4 aufwärts wandert, bereits in diese Vorzugsrichtung bewegt wird. Die zweite Luftdüse 8 ist knapp oberhalb der Separationsrinne 4 angeordnet und befördert ebenfalls diejenigen Materialien, die auf der Separationsrinne 4 an sich eine Aufwärtsbewegung ausführen, in diese Vorzugsrichtung, da sie nach dem Auftreffen auf der Separationsrinne 4 zunächst dazu neigen, abwärts zu rollen.In order to further optimize the separation process, two air nozzles 7.8 are arranged on the device whose air flow performs a presorting. The first air nozzle 7 is arranged below the Abwurfrandes 3 and ensures that the lighter material that moves in the further separation process on the separation channel 4 upwards, is already moved in this preferred direction. The second air nozzle 8 is just above the separation channel 4 arranged and also conveys those materials which perform on the separation channel 4 itself an upward movement in this preferred direction, since they initially after hitting the separation channel 4 tend to roll down.

Claims (15)

Verfahren zum Trennen und/oder Sortieren von Schüttgütern, insbesondere von zerkleinertem Schrott zur Rückgewinnung von wiederverwertbaren Wertstoffen, bei welchem zunächst das Schüttgut über einen Trichter, eine Schnecke, ein Förderband oder dergleichen auf eine Verteilerrinne (1) aufgebracht wird, die mit einem Vibrationsantrieb (2) zur flächigen Verteilung des Schüttgutes versehen ist, wodurch das Schüttgut zum Rand der Verteilerrinne (1) wandert und von dort auf eine unterhalb angeordnete Separationsrinne (4) fällt, die schräg angeordnet und ebenfalls mit einem Vibrationsantrieb (5) versehen ist, wodurch eine Trennung des Schüttgutes in zwei Schüttgutsorten erfolgt, nämlich eine in der Separationsrinne (4) aufwärts wandernde und eine abwärts wandernde, die jeweils am oberen bzw. unteren Rand der Separationsrinne (4) getrennt aufgefangen werden können.Method for separating and / or sorting bulk materials, in particular shredded scrap for the recovery of recyclable recyclables, in which first the bulk material is applied via a hopper, a screw, a conveyor belt or the like to a distributor trough (1) which is equipped with a vibration drive ( 2) is provided for the planar distribution of the bulk material, whereby the bulk material migrates to the edge of the distributor trough (1) and from there to a below arranged separation trough (4) falls, which is arranged obliquely and also with a vibration drive (5), whereby a Separation of the bulk material takes place in two types of bulk material, namely one in the separation channel (4) upwardly migrating and a downward migratory, which can be collected separately at the top or bottom of the separation channel (4). Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die von dem Vibrationsantrieb (5) der Separationsrinne (4) erzeugten Schwingbewegungen in der Ebene ihrer Auflagefläche erfolgen.Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the oscillatory movements generated by the vibration drive (5) of the separation channel (4) take place in the plane of its bearing surface. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß am Abwurfrand (3) der Verteilerrinne (1) eine Vorsortierung mit Hilfe eines Rechens (6) erfolgt.Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that pre-sorting by means of a rake (6) takes place at the discharge edge (3) of the distributor trough (1). Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß unterhalb des Abwurfrandes (3) eine weitere Vorsortierung mit Hilfe einer die Schüttgutsorten separierenden Luftströmung mittels einer ersten Luftdüse (7) erfolgt.Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that below the Abwurfrandes (3) further pre-sorting using a bulk material separating the air flow by means of a first air nozzle (7). Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Unterstützung des Trennvorgangs auf der Separationsrinne (4) oberhalb dieser eine Luftströmung mittels einer zweiten Luftdüse (8) erzeugt wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that an air flow is generated by means of a second air nozzle (8) to support the separation process on the separation channel (4) above it. Vorrichtung zum Trennen und/oder Sortieren von Schüttgütern, insbesondere von zerkleinertem Schrott zur Rückgewinnung von wiederverwertbaren Wertstoffen, nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 5, mit einer Verteilerrinne (1), auf die das Schüttgut über einen Trichter, eine Schnecke, ein Förderband oder dergleichen aufgebracht wird, wobei die Verteilerrinne (1) mit einem Vibrationsantrieb (2) zur flächigen Verteilung des Schüttgutes versehen ist, ferner mit einer unterhalb davon angeordneten, das vom Rand (3) der Verteilerrinne (1) herabfallende Schüttgut aufnehmenden Separationsrinne (4), die schräg angeordnet und ebenfalls mit einem Vibrationsantrieb (5) zur Trennung des Schüttgutes in zwei Schüttgutsorten versehen ist, sowie mit Auffangbehältnissen für die beiden am oberen bzw. unteren Rand der Separationsrinne (4) anfallenden Schüttgutsorten.Apparatus for separating and / or sorting bulk materials, in particular comminuted scrap for the recovery of recyclable recyclables, according to claims 1 to 5, with a distributor trough (1) to which the bulk material is applied via a hopper, a screw, a conveyor belt or the like is, wherein the distributor trough (1) is provided with a vibratory drive (2) for the planar distribution of the bulk material, further arranged with a below thereof, from the edge (3) of the distributor trough (1) falling bulk material receiving separation channel (4), the obliquely arranged and also with a vibration drive (5) for separating the bulk material is provided in two types of bulk material, and with collecting containers for the two at the top and bottom of the separation channel (4) resulting bulk material varieties. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Neigung der Separationsrinne (4) im Bereich zwischen 10° und 18° liegt.Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the inclination of the separation channel (4) is in the range between 10 ° and 18 °. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Vibrationsantrieb (5) der Separationsrinne (4) unterhalb dieser angeordnet ist und Schwingbewegungen in der Ebene ihrer Auflagefläche erzeugt.Apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the vibration drive (5) of the separation channel (4) is arranged below this and generates oscillating movements in the plane of its bearing surface. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Vibrationshub des Vibrationsantriebs (5) der Separationsrinne (4) im Bereich bis maximal 1,9 mm beträgt.Device according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the vibration stroke of the vibration drive (5) of the separation channel (4) is in the range up to a maximum of 1.9 mm. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Vibrationsantrieb (5) der Separationsrinne (4) elektromagnetisch ausgebildet ist.Device according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the vibration drive (5) of the separation channel (4) is formed electromagnetically. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß am Abwurfrand (3) der Verteilerrinne (1) ein Rechen (6) zur Vorsortierung des Schüttgutes angeordnet ist.Device according to one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that a rake (6) for presorting the bulk material is arranged at the discharge edge (3) of the distributor trough (1). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die lichte Rechenweite im Bereich zwischen 10 und 15 mm liegt.Apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the clear rake width is in the range between 10 and 15 mm. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 11 oder 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Rechen (6) zu seinem freien Ende abwärts unter einem Winkel von etwa 10° geneigt ist.Apparatus according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the rake (6) is inclined downwards towards its free end at an angle of about 10 °. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß unterhalb des Abwurfrandes (3) eine im wesentlichen horizontal ausgerichtete Luftdüse (7) angeordnet ist, durch deren Lüftströmung eine weitere Vorsortierung des Schüttgutes erfolgt.Device according to one of claims 6 to 13, characterized in that below the Abwurfrandes (3) is arranged a substantially horizontally oriented air nozzle (7) through whose Lüftströmung a further presorting of the bulk material takes place. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß oberhalb der Separationsrinne (4) eine zweite Luftdüse (8) angeordnet ist, deren Luftströmung zur weiteren Unterstützung des Trennvorgangs dient.Device according to one of claims 6 to 14, characterized in that above the separation channel (4) a second air nozzle (8) is arranged, whose air flow serves to further support the separation process.
EP14001232.9A 2013-04-06 2014-04-03 Method for separating and/or sorting of bulk materials Active EP2786810B1 (en)

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DE202017001636U1 (en) * 2017-03-27 2017-07-10 Veritec Ag Device for separating foreign substances from a bulk material
CN108499871A (en) * 2018-05-28 2018-09-07 天津市美隆制药机械有限公司 A kind of high-effective classifying cleans machine

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DE3501777A1 (en) * 1985-01-21 1985-08-08 Peter 7869 Aitern Voelskow Waste sorting system
WO1987004087A1 (en) * 1985-12-30 1987-07-16 Plm Ab An arrangement for the separation of waste materials
EP0546442A2 (en) * 1991-12-10 1993-06-16 Hans Schmitt Device for separating a mixture of materials with different specific gravity
JP2001121087A (en) * 1999-10-29 2001-05-08 Nkk Corp Method and apparatus for pre-treating resource recovery waste

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DE1276573B (en) * 1967-05-06 1968-09-05 Iarhewumia Rheinische Werkzeug Device for classifying and sorting fine-grained goods
DE3301978A1 (en) * 1983-01-21 1984-07-26 Carl Schenck Ag, 6100 Darmstadt Method for separating a mixture of bulk material and device for carrying out the method
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DE3501777A1 (en) * 1985-01-21 1985-08-08 Peter 7869 Aitern Voelskow Waste sorting system
WO1987004087A1 (en) * 1985-12-30 1987-07-16 Plm Ab An arrangement for the separation of waste materials
EP0546442A2 (en) * 1991-12-10 1993-06-16 Hans Schmitt Device for separating a mixture of materials with different specific gravity
JP2001121087A (en) * 1999-10-29 2001-05-08 Nkk Corp Method and apparatus for pre-treating resource recovery waste

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