EP2746210A1 - Installation method for a lift - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves hanging a hoist in an upper region (3) of a shaft (1), which is provided for a lift. A set of counter weight guide rails (21) is mounted at a structure i.e. shaft wall, which limits the shaft. A counter weight frame (41) i.e. material shuttle, which is guided at the rails, is mounted. The frame is loaded with a set of counter weight and cabin guide rails (23). The frame is hung at the hoist. The frame is moved into an unloading position by the hoist. Lift components e.g. shaft doors, are unloaded from the frame.

Description

The invention relates to an installation method for a lift, in particular in the installation of elevators in tall buildings.

In an elevator installation process, among other things, the process needs to be optimized in terms of time and safety. Especially with the installation of a lift in a high building, the high height or drop height make special demands on the temporal efficiency and safety of an installation process. A building with a high height is to be understood as a building from approx. 30 storeys upwards.

US2010 / 0133048 A1 shows an installation method for an elevator, in which an installation platform is used. The installation platform is connected to a hoist temporarily mounted in the hoistway. This hoist consists essentially of a rope, which is fixed in the upper part of the shaft and a drive, which can move on the rope. The drive is in operative contact with the rope with a traction sheave. The contact pressure of the rope on the traction sheave is sufficient that during a rotational movement of the traction sheave, the drive moves according to the rope. The installation platform is connected to the drive and moves with the drive.

According to US2010 / 0133048 A1 At the start of the installation procedure, the installation platform is positioned in the pit well area. Elevator components are continuously brought to the installation platform, from where they are mounted in the shaft area. The installation method provides that the installation platform is increasingly moved to different mounting positions by means of the drive on the rope until the installation platform reaches a top or last mounting position. At the end of the installation process, the installation platform itself serves at least as a substructure of the elevator car.

This installation method is therefore not only characterized by an efficient approach, but also by the optimal utilization of existing structures during the installation. In addition, the installation of a moving in the shaft installation platform are very safe. A balustrade reliably secures the workers from falling into the pit.

The object of the present invention is to further improve the installation method for a lift, in particular for elevators in tall buildings.

• ● Aufhängen eines Hebezeugs, umfassend ein Tragmittel und einen Antrieb, im oberen Bereich eines für den Aufzug vorgesehenen Fahrbereiches,
• ● Montage mindestens eines ersten Satzes Gegengewichtsführungsschienen an der den Fahrbereich begrenzenden Struktur, insbesondere einer Schachtwand,
• ● Montage eines am mindestens ersten Satz Gegengewichtsführungsschienen geführten Gegengewichtsrahmens,
• ● Beladen des Gegengewichtsrahmens mit mindestens einer Aufzugskomponente, insbesondere einem zweiten Satz Gegengewichtsführungsschienen,
• ● Aufhängen des Gegengewichtsrahmens am Hebezeug,
• ● Verfahren des Gegengewichtsrahmens mittels des Hebezeugs in eine Entladeposition,
• ● Entladen der mindestens einen Aufzugskomponente aus dem Gegengewichtsrahmen und
• ● Montage der mindestens einen Aufzugskomponente an der den Fahrbereich begrenzenden Struktur.

The task is solved by an installation procedure with the following steps:

• Suspension of a hoist, comprising a suspension element and a drive, in the upper area of a travel area provided for the elevator,
• ● mounting at least a first set of counterweight guide rails on the structure limiting the travel area, in particular a shaft wall,
• ● mounting a counterweight frame guided on the at least first set of counterweight guide rails,
• Loading of the counterweight frame with at least one elevator component, in particular a second set of counterweight guide rails,
• ● hanging the counterweight frame on the hoist,
• ● moving the counterweight frame by means of the hoist into an unloading position,
• ● unloading the at least one elevator component from the counterweight frame and
• ● Assembly of the at least one elevator component on the structure limiting the travel range.

With this installation method, in particular the use of a counterweight frame as a material shuttle, elevator components can be moved particularly easily and efficiently into the area of a mounting position. Such elevator components may be, for example, counterweight guide rails, car guide rails, landing doors or part of landing doors, fasteners, traction means, drive parts, etc.

Another advantage of the installation method is that the counterweight frame can be moved independently of moving or stationary working platforms. This ensures a high conveying capacity of elevator components in the area of a mounting position.

The suspension elements used in the hoist are preferably designed as ropes, in particular as steel cables. Of course, other types of ropes, such as sheathed synthetic fiber ropes, natural fiber ropes or other types of suspension means such as belts, chains or the like can be used.

Preferably, the drive is arranged self-driving on the support means. To get on the suspension To move is the drive via a traction sheave in operative contact with the support means. According to a rotational movement of the traction sheave, the drive moves along the support means in the vertical direction up or down. By means of the drive, therefore, the lift components charged in the counterweight frame can be moved into the unloading position provided for later assembly. In this case, the counterweight frame is connected by means of a connecting element, such as a rope or a chain to the drive.

Typically, the travel range of the elevator is in a shaft. Here, the limiting structure of the driving range is limited by four shaft walls, a shaft ceiling and a pit. Deviating from the driving range can also be limited by a freestanding framework structure or by a building outer wall, as is often the case for example in panoramic elevators.

Another step of the installation procedure involves securing the counterweight frame after reaching the unloading position in the end region of the at least one set of counterweight guide rails. This secures the counterweight frame in its unloading position. Unintended movement of the counterweight frame during unloading of an elevator component is thus prevented.

Preferably, the counterweight frame may be connected to an end piece disposed in the end region of the at least first set of counterweight guide rails. For example, a cross member mounted on the set of counterweight guide rails may serve as the end piece. The counterweight frame can be attached to such a cross member by means of a suitable connection. For this purpose, for example, a screw, a hook connection, a clamp connection, a cable connection or the like are suitable.

Alternatively, the counterweight frame can also be held in the unloading position by means of a holding brake, which acts on at least one counterweight guide rail.

Further steps of the installation method relate to the suspension of the hoist from the counterweight frame to an elevator component, in particular a counterweight guide rail of the second set counterweight guide rails in the unloading position and the lifting of the elevator component or the counterweight guide rail in the region of a mounting position. Thanks to the mooring of the counterweight frame in the unloading position, the hoist can be released from the counterweight frame without causing it to crash uncontrollably. So even heavy lift components can be easily and conveniently placed in a mounting position.

A further step of the installation method relates to the provision of a third set of counterweight guide rails in the lower drive area for later mounting on the drive area limiting structure. Preferably, the third set of counterweight guide rails is mounted flush above the first set of counterweight guide rails.

Further steps of the installation method relate to mounting at least a first set of car guide rails to the structure, providing a second set of lower guide rail car guide rails for later attachment to the structure, and loading the counterweight frame with a third set of car guide rails for later attachment to the structure.

The steps according to the two last sections have the advantage that the third set of counterweight guide rails and the first and second set of car guide rails are ready for assembly even before the possible later installation of an installation platform in the lower drive area. Because the installation platform obstructs in its lowest position an opening to the lower drive area or the pit and makes it difficult to introduce additional counterweight guide rails or cabin guide rails considerably.

Further steps of the installation method relate to the suspension of a further hoist comprising a suspension and a drive, in the upper region of the driving range, the installation of a guided at least the first set car guide rails installation platform, connecting the other hoist to the installation platform and the method of installation platform by means of another hoist in a working position.

Preferably, the second set of cabin guide rails provided in the lower travel area is mounted in alignment above the first set of cabin guide rails.

Other steps of the installation method involve hanging the hoist on a cab guide rail of the third set of car guide rails in the unloading position and lifting the car guide rail of the third set of car guide rails in the region of a mounting position. Preferably, the mounting position of the third set of car guide rails is aligned above the second set of car guide rails.

Other steps of the installation process concern the automatic procedure of the Counterweight frame by means of the hoist in an upper or lower end position on at least one set of counterweight guide rails up to a corresponding upper or lower limit switch, the operation of the corresponding upper or lower limit switch by the counterweight frame when reaching the upper or lower end position and the shutdown of the hoist on actuation of the corresponding upper or lower limit switch.

By attaching limit switches, firstly, a reliable stopping of the counterweight frame is ensured at the end of a current driving range corresponding to the progressive mounting of the counterweight guide rails and the car guide rails, and secondly, the counterweight frame can be automatically moved between a lower loading position and an upper unloading position without attracting the attention of a The mechanic should be directed to the safe method of the counterweight framework. Therefore, during the traveling time of the counterweight frame, a fitter may devote all his attention to the assembly of elevator components.

A limit switch can be configured as an electromechanical switch, which is actuated by a movement of the counterweight frame in the upper or lower end position and shuts off the drive. Of course, the limit switch may also include a Hall sensor which detects a magnet, for example a permanent magnet, arranged on the counterweight frame and interrupts an electrical supply of the drive upon detection of the magnet.

Based on further embodiments and drawings, the installation method will be further explained.

Fig. 1:

Einen Aufzugschacht mit zwei Hebezeugen;

Fig. 2:

Den Aufzugschacht aus Fig. 1 mit einem ersten montierten Satz Gegengewichts- und Kabinenführungsschienen und einem bereitgestellten weiteren Satz Gegengewichts- und Kabinenführungsschienen;

Fig.3:

Den Aufzugschacht aus Fig. 2 mit einem am ersten Satz Gegengewichtsführungsschienen montierten Gegengewichtsrahmen und einem noch weiteren Satz Gegengewichts- und Kabinenführungsschienen, die im Gegengewichtsrahmen eingeladen sind;

Fig. 4:

Den Aufzugschacht aus Fig. 3 mit einer am ersten Satz Kabinenführungsschienen montierten Installationsplattform;

Fig. 5:

Den Aufzugschacht aus Fig. 4 mit dem Gegengewichtsrahmen in einer oberen Entladeposition und der Installationsplattform in einer oberen Arbeitsposition;

Fig. 6:

Eine Detailansicht des Gegengewichtsrahmens; und

Fig. 7:

Eine Detailansicht der Installationsplattform.

Show it:

Fig. 1:

An elevator shaft with two hoists;

Fig. 2:

The elevator shaft off Fig. 1 a first assembled set of counterweight and car guide rails and a further set of counterweight and car guide rails provided;

Figure 3:

The elevator shaft off Fig. 2 with a counterweight frame mounted on the first set of counterweight guide rails, and a still further set of counterweight and cabin guide rails which in the Counterweight frames are invited;

4:

The elevator shaft off Fig. 3 with an installation platform mounted on the first set of car guide rails;

Fig. 5:

The elevator shaft off Fig. 4 with the counterweight frame in an upper unloading position and the installation platform in an upper working position;

Fig. 6:

A detail view of the counterweight frame; and

Fig. 7:

A detailed view of the installation platform.

Based on FIGS. 1 to 5 an installation procedure for a lift is shown. In this embodiment, an elevator is installed in a shaft 1 of a building. The building has several floors 2.1, 2.2, 2.n, which are to be accessed by the elevator.

In a first step, a support 12 is mounted at the height of the uppermost floor 2.n in the upper region of the shaft 3. As in the view of Fig. 1 can be seen, the carrier 12 is mounted obliquely projecting into the shaft 1. In this case, a first end, in this case the left end, of the support 12 is articulated on the floor of the uppermost floor 2.n and a second end facing away therefrom, here the right end leans against a side wall of the shaft 1.

The carrier 12 has two suspension points for each hoist. These suspension points can be designed for example as eyelet. The hoist comprises at least one support means 13, 15, such as a rope, and a drive 14, 16 which is self-propelled along the support means 13, 15. The support means 13, 15 can be easily hung with a hook on a suspension point on the support 12. The suspension points are arranged on the carrier 12 so that a first hoist 13, 14 in the driving range of a later built counterweight hangs and that a second hoist 15, 16 depends on the driving range of a later built elevator car.

In a next step, a first set of counterweight guide rails 21 and cabin guide rails 31 are mounted in a lower portion 4 of the hoistway 1. The mounting of these guide rails 21, 31 on side walls of the shaft 1 via brackets 25. In the Fig. 2 are shown for clarity, only the bracket 25 for the counterweight guide rails. Simplicity is in Fig. 2 a set counterweight or a set cabin guide rails 21, 31 each shown only with a guide rail. Usually, however, for the guidance of movable elevator bodies, such as an elevator car or a counterweight, guide rail pairs 21, 31 are provided.

Another step is also in Fig. 2 namely, providing a further set of counterweight or car guide rails 22, 32, which are later mounted vertically in alignment with the first set of guide rails 21, 31 in the hoistway. This has the advantage that at this time the further set of guide rails 22, 32 can be brought in a particularly simple manner via a shaft opening on the lowest floor 2.1 into the lower area 4 of the shaft 1.

In a further step according to Fig. 3 For example, a counterweight frame 41 is mounted on the first set of counterweight guide rails 21. The counterweight frame 41 is intended to serve as a material shuttle during the installation of the elevator, with which elevator components are moved to the assembly area in the shaft 1 along the already mounted counterweight guide rails. For this purpose, the counterweight frame 41 is connected to the drive 14, for example via a cable or a chain. First, however, the counterweight frame 41 is loaded in a lower loading position with yet another set of counterweight and car guide rails 23, 33.

Fig. 4 shows a further step in which an installation platform 51 is mounted on the first set of cabin guide rails 31. During the installation of the elevator, the installation platform 51 serves as a working platform, which can be moved along the already mounted cabin guide rails and from which a fitter installs elevator components in the area of the shaft. For this purpose, the installation platform 51 as in the Fig. 4 shown connected on its underside with the drive 16. This connection can be made, for example, easily and reliably via screw.

After installation of the installation platform, the further set of counterweight and car guide rails 22, 32 is already mounted vertically above the first set of guide rails 21, 31 on the respective side wall of the shaft 1 from the platform. Also in this wide set of guide rails 22, 32, the respective guide rails 22, 32 are secured by means of bracket 26 on the side walls. Preferably, this further set of guide rails 22, 32 is lifted by means of the drive 14 in the respective mounting position.

Out Fig. 4 will also be apparent why two more sets of guide rails 22, 32, 23, 33 already before were provided in the lower region 4 of the shaft 1. In the lowermost working position of the installation platform, guide rails, which are usually about 5 meters long, can not easily be inserted into the shaft 1 via the shaft opening of the lowest floor 2.1.

In a further step according to Fig. 5 the counterweight frame 41 is moved by means of the drive 14 from the lower loading position to an upper unloading position at the end of the already mounted counterweight guide rails 21, 22. Upon reaching the discharge position, the counterweight frame 41 is fixed to the counterweight guide rails 22. For example, the counterweight frame 41 may be secured to a cross member that has been previously mounted in the end region of the counterweight guide rails. This allows the counterweight frame 41 to be separated from the drive 14. Advantageously, the drive 14 for unloading the guide rails 23, 33 and for lifting the guide rails 23, 33 are used in a mounting position.

Accordingly, the installation platform 51 is moved by means of the drive 16 into a second working position in the end region of the car guide rails 31, 32. In this second working position, a fitter can, for example, mount the still further set of guide rails 23, 33 vertically aligned with the already mounted guide rails 21, 31, 22, 32 on the respective shaft walls of the shaft 1.

From the Fig. 5 It is apparent that in the second upper working position of the installation platform 51 further guide rails can be brought easily from the lowest floor 2.1 in the shaft 1 and in the lower area 4 for a later loading of the now unloaded counterweight frame 41.

The Fig. 6 shows an embodiment of the counterweight frame 41. The counterweight frame according to this embodiment comprises two lateral beams 42, 43 connecting an upper cross member 46 and a lower cross member 44, respectively. The lower cross member 44 is designed so that it has a base plate on which an elevator component can be safely parked and side walls that prevent slippage of an elevator component of the base plate. The upper cross member 46 in turn is here provided with an eyelet to connect the counterweight frame 41 easily and safely with the hoist 13, 14. In addition, the upper cross member 46 ensures that an elevator component can not tilt laterally to the rear.

A middle cross member 45 is secured to the side supports 42, 43 so as to be easily removable during loading to allow easy loading of the counterweight frame 41, and that it after loading, it can also be easily coupled to the lateral supports 42, 43 in order to prevent a lateral forward tilting of an elevator component.

Finally, the counterweight frame 41 has guide elements 47, which are designed here as Gleitführungsschuhe.

In Fig. 7 an embodiment of the installation platform 51 is shown. The installation platform 51 hereby comprises three sub-modules, namely a base platform 52 with a balustrade 53 delimiting the standing surface of the base platform 52, a guide extension 55 and a roof structure 54. The guide extension 55 is mountable to the base platform 52 and directs executives into a lower, more stable area the car guide rails 31, 32 a. This makes it possible to move the installation platform 51 in the highest possible working position. The guidance of the installation platform 51 on the car guide rails 31, 32 is ensured with the guide elements 56, 57. The first-mentioned guide elements 56 are on the base platform 52, the latter guide elements 57 are arranged on the guide extension 55. The guide elements 56, 57 shown here are designed as Gleitführungsschuhe. Finally, the roof construction 54 offers technicians protection against falling objects.

The installation method is not limited to the embodiment shown.

Rather, for example, the counterweight frame 41 can be used as a material shuttle in conjunction with permanently installed in the shaft installation platforms. It can be provided on each floor 2.1, 2.2, 2.n an installation platform, each of which is accessible from a manhole entrance ago. With the counterweight frame 41 elevator components, such as the counterweight and cabin guide rails 23, 33, on a provided for later installation of the elevator component installation platform can be moved. It should be noted that the installation platforms have sufficient clearance for passage of the counterweight frame 41 to a shaft wall. Preferably, the edge region of the installation platform is to be provided with a balustrade for this clearance giving distance. By and large, it is ensured that the fitters working on a respective installation platform can not fall into the free shaft space.

Of course, with the counterweight frame 41 not only counterweight and car guide rails 23, 33 but all provided for installation in the shaft space elevator components, such as shaft doors or parts thereof, traction devices, drives, electronics, Safety device, sensors, etc. movable. Preferably, the counterweight frame 41 is loaded in a loading position in the lower region 3 of the shaft 1 with an elevator components and moved by means of the hoist in an unloading position. Finally, these elevator components are mounted in a designated mounting position in the shaft 1.

Finally, the arrangement of the hoist can also be configured differently from the embodiment shown. For example, the drive 14 may be designed as a drum drive, which is arranged stationarily in the upper region 3 of the shaft 1. Depending on the desired direction of travel of the counterweight frame 41, the drive winds up or down the suspension element on the drum. Alternatively, the drive may also be designed as a traction drive, which is arranged stationarily in the upper region and transmits traction to the suspension element by means of a traction sheave or the like. In this case, the counterweight frame 41 can be suspended on the suspension element in any conceivable suspension ratio. Depending on the payload and spatial condition, the skilled person may apply a hoist designed for his specific needs to move the counterweight frame 41.

Claims (10)

Installation procedure for an elevator with the following steps: Suspension of a hoist comprising a suspension element (13) and a drive (14) in the upper area (3) of a travel area (1) provided for the elevator, Mounting at least one first set of counterweight guide rails (21) on the structure bounding the travel area (1), in particular a shaft wall, Mounting a counterweight frame (41) guided on the at least first set of counterweight guide rails (21), Loading the counterweight frame (41) with at least one elevator component, in particular a second set of counterweight guide rails (23), Hanging the counterweight frame (41) on the hoist, Moving the counterweight frame (41) by means of the hoist into an unloading position, - unloading the at least one elevator component from the counterweight frame (41) and - Mounting the at least one elevator component on the driving range limiting structure. Installation method according to claim 1 with the further step: - Mooring of the counterweight frame (41) in the end of the at least first set counterweight guide rails (21) after reaching the unloading position. Installation method according to one of claims 1 or 2 with the further step: - transferring the hoist from the counterweight frame (41) to an elevator component, in particular a counterweight guide rail (23) of the second set of counterweight guide rails (23) in the unloading position and - Lifting the elevator component or the counterweight guide rail (23) in the region of a mounting position. Installation method according to claim 1 with the further step: - Providing a third set of counterweight guide rails (22) in the lower drive area (4) for later mounting on the structure. Installation method according to claim 1 with the following step: - Mounting at least a first set of cabin guide rails (31) on the structure. Installation method according to claim 1 with the following step: - Providing a second set of cabin guide rails (32) in the lower drive area (3) for later mounting on the structure. Installation method according to claim 1 with the following step: - Loading the counterweight frame (41) with a third set of cabin guide rails (33) for later mounting on the structure. Installation method according to claim 5 with the further steps: Suspension of a further hoist comprising a suspension element (15) and a drive (16) in the upper region (3) of the travel region (1), - Mounting an at least first set of cabin guide rails (31) out, installation platform (51), - Connecting the other hoist with the installation platform (51) and - Moving the installation platform (51) by means of the further hoist in a working position. Installation method according to claim 7 with the further steps: - Carrying the hoist to a cabin guide rail (33) of the third set of cabin guide rails (33) in the unloading position and - Lifting the cabin guide rail (33) of the third set cabin guide rails (33) in the region of a mounting position. Installation method according to one of the preceding claims with the further steps: - Automatic movement of the counterweight frame (41) by means of the hoist in an upper or lower end position on at least one set of counterweight guide rails (21, 22) to a corresponding upper or lower limit switch, - Actuation of the corresponding upper or lower limit switch by the counterweight frame (41) on reaching the upper or lower end position and - Switching off the hoist when operating the corresponding upper or lower limit switch.

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