EP2697470A1 - Procede et dispositif de forage non destructif - Google Patents
Procede et dispositif de forage non destructifInfo
- Publication number
- EP2697470A1 EP2697470A1 EP12715378.1A EP12715378A EP2697470A1 EP 2697470 A1 EP2697470 A1 EP 2697470A1 EP 12715378 A EP12715378 A EP 12715378A EP 2697470 A1 EP2697470 A1 EP 2697470A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- drilling
- cylindrical
- diameter
- zone
- gap
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/28—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B27/00—Containers for collecting or depositing substances in boreholes or wells, e.g. bailers, baskets or buckets for collecting mud or sand; Drill bits with means for collecting substances, e.g. valve drill bits
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
Definitions
- the object of the present invention generally relates to the field of geological or geotechnical drilling, and particularly the field of core drilling of large diameters (diameter greater than 400 mm, for example between 600 and 700 mm) in clay rocks.
- the invention can be implemented for any type of drilling, particularly for the study or the realization of very long-term geological storage of radioactive waste from spent fuel from nuclear power plants.
- the radioactive waste considered in the context of the present invention is high-level long-lived waste (HAVL) having an average activity greater than one million Becquerels per gram for hundreds of thousands of years. Given this order of magnitude, deep disposal is one of the possible solutions that can limit the risk of transfer of radioelements to populations, and generally a maximum of living organisms, during the storage period.
- HAVL high-level long-lived waste
- Possible storage locations include some very impervious rock layers in areas with stable geodynamics.
- REPLACEMENT LIGHT make it possible to guarantee the watertightness of the boreholes containing the waste packages, for example bentonite plugs.
- the geological layer surrounding the packages must be as undisturbed as possible (by cracks or other creations), and the techniques used for drilling must preserve the sealing properties of the rock. , and in particular to avoid the creation of cracks in this geological layer. Indeed, the presence of cracks in the rock wall would deteriorate the impermeability that one wishes to preserve, and increase the risk of leakage of radioactive material.
- Non-destructive drilling instruments - which are known as coring tools - only concern diameters up to about 250 mm.
- An example of such an instrument is a core drill which comprises a corer with a crown for example diamond or tungsten, and an extractor which breaks the core at its base and allows its recovery.
- one of the aims of the present invention is to enable drilling of large diameter, that is to say of diameter greater than 400 mm, non-destructive, of good surface finish and allowing
- FLEI LLE OF REM PLACEM ENT (REG 26) reduced damage to the drilled material (eg, rock, concrete) for a low cost.
- Another object of the invention is to make it possible to carry out a sampling by coring of materials constituting the drilling zone during the drilling, so as to be able to analyze said materials.
- the invention proposes a method for carrying out drilling in a drilling zone, and of large diameter D1, comprising the steps of carrying out a first guide borehole, of diameter D2 less than D1, producing a cylindrical interstice, of diameter D1, positioned in a controlled manner relative to the guide borehole, delimiting a cylindrical zone of the drilling zone between the cavity and the gap, inserting a containment basket into the cylindrical gap, bursting the materials forming the cylindrical zone of the drilling zone, and extract the previously exploded material by evacuation of the containment basket.
- the invention comprises at least one of the following features:
- the guide bore is cylindrical, and concentric with the cylindrical interstice
- the diameter D1 is greater than 400 mm, and preferably between 600 and 700 mm,
- the diameter D2 is between 60 and 100 mm, and preferably equal to 100 mm,
- the first guide hole is made by coring
- the circular gap is made by sawing
- the guide borehole has a length equal to the desired length of the large diameter borehole, during which the steps of forming a cylindrical interstice are performed, inserting a basket of
- REPLACEMENT LIGHT (RULE 26) containment burst the materials of the zone and extract the said materials until a drilling of desired length is obtained
- the method further comprises a step in which the bottom of the borehole of desired length is leveled.
- the invention further proposes a containment basket adapted to be used during the steps of making a cylindrical gap, inserting a containment basket, bursting the materials of the zone and extracting said materials from the process according to the invention, the basket being able to deform plastically under the effect of shock waves generated by the material bursting step.
- the containment basket may further comprise at least one of the following characteristics:
- the invention proposes a drill for carrying out drilling in a drilling zone, and of large diameter D1, comprising:
- a means for producing a cylindrical interstice, of diameter D1 positioned in a controlled manner relative to the guide bore, delimiting a cylindrical zone of the drilling zone between the cavity and the interstice,
- a containment basket adapted to be inserted into the cylindrical gap
- a spark gap adapted to burst the materials of the cylindrical zone of the drilling zone
- SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) - A train of rods of adjustable length, and adapted to be fixed at least to the containment basket to extract the previously exploded material by evacuation of the containment basket.
- the drill according to the invention may also comprise at least one of the following characteristics:
- the drill further comprises a surfacer of diameter D1, adapted to flatten the bottom of a borehole obtained with said drill,
- the means for producing the guide bore is a core drill
- the means for producing the interstice is a diamond crown.
- the diamond crown further comprises a centralizer
- the centraliser is cylindrical, concentric with the diamond crown, and adapted to be inserted into the guide bore.
- FIGS. 1 to 1g represent the various steps of the method according to the invention, for cross-sectional view of the wall of the drilling zone, of axis Y-Y defined in FIG.
- FIG. 2 represents a front view of the surface of the drilling zone, during the implementation of the method according to the invention.
- FIGS. 3a and 3b show respectively in perspective view and righthand view an example of a containment basket used in the method and the device according to the invention.
- Figures 4a and 4b illustrate different embodiments of a diamond crown that can be used during the implementation of the invention.
- FIGS. 5a and 5b schematically illustrate the operation of a type of spark gap that can be used in the method and the device according to the invention.
- FIGS. 7a and 7b are respectively perspective and side views of a surfacer that can be used during the process according to the invention.
- a drilling 20 of diameter D1 of length L (see FIG. 1f), which is a few meters, for example of the order of 6 to 10 meters, will be produced in a drilling zone F. , see more.
- the diameter D1 is large, greater than 400 mm and for example between 600 and 700 mm.
- the materials that can be drilled with the aid of the invention may be, by way of nonlimiting example, sedimentary rocks (argillite, limestone), crystalline rocks (for example granitic), or building materials (for example). example concrete).
- a sender S is used on which one can attach a string of rods 16 (Figure 1 c) at one of its ends.
- This drill is equipped with a rack to exert a thrust on the drill string to advance it. It is also able to rotate the drill string 16.
- the drill can be a medium power drill.
- the Applicant has successfully used a Hilti DD750HY Drill.
- the invention does indeed implement only attacks of rock on
- the drill string 16 can be lengthened when necessary by inserting an additional rod, for example when the rack reaches the stop, then the drill string is repositioned at the head of the rack and drilling continues.
- a drill string support is also provided to maintain it in the axis of drilling.
- the assembly formed by the sander S and the tools used to carry out the process is a drill 1 according to the invention.
- a ring 12 comprising on its leading edge of the drilled material a diamond portion for sawing said material.
- This ring 12 is of diameter D1, and thus makes it possible to make a gap or groove 22 in the material, of cylindrical shape and of diameter D1.
- This spark gap can be of any known type. Typically, and as illustrated schematically in FIG. 5, it may be a tool that comprises a jack 141 located between two plates 142 forming an angle, the jack allowing its advance between the plates to move them apart in order to increase angle between these two plates 142, which thus press the wall of the borehole in which the spark gap is located, and burst locally.
- a containment basket 13 used for extracting the drilled rocks in the bore 20 of diameter D1. It is a metal structure, preferably having a cylindrical shape so as to be inserted into the gap 22 made by the ring 12.
- the basket 13 is preferably closed at its rear end 130 (the closest to the drill string 16), with the exception of:
- the basket 13 is able to deform radially outward under the effect of pressure waves applied on its inner face.
- the basket 13 in order to deform radially, has, as illustrated in FIG. 3a, a longitudinal slot 33, preferably of width less than or equal to 1 cm, and which preferably extends over the entire length of the basket. basket length 13.
- the basket does not cover the 360 ° of the gap 22, but only an angular sector, and where appropriate the slot 133 is replaced by a wider opening, which can reach an opening angular of 90 °.
- This solution is better suited for hard terrain, which can lead to significant
- FIRE I LLE OF REM PLACEM ENT (RULE 26) deformations of the basket at the moment of bursting.
- the basket may not cover the entire length of the gap 22, but only a portion. Drilling
- FIGS. 1a to 1g With reference to FIGS. 1a to 1g, the various steps of a method for producing, in a drilling zone F, a non-destructive drilling of given diameter D1 and length L according to the invention are represented.
- a first guide bore 21 of diameter D2 is produced in the drilling zone F.
- This guide bore is preferably made over the entire length L to be drilled.
- the diameter D2 of the guide borehole is smaller than the diameter of the borehole D1.
- D2 is preferably between 60 and 100 mm and more preferably equal to 100 mm.
- This guide bore will make it possible to advance the drilling 20 of large diameter D1 by successive digs of portions 201 of diameter D1, illustrated in FIGS. 1b and 1c.
- This guide bore 21 can be made by the drill, fixed on the drill 1 via the drill string 16. This makes it possible to obtain a core of the material of the drilling zone F, allowing the analysis of the materials forming said drilling zone F.
- the guide bore 21 may be perpendicular to the wall P but this is not mandatory.
- a gas, or water, can be used as drilling fluid. In some cases, it is preferable to use a gas to preserve the physicochemical and mechanical characteristics of the drilling zone F.
- the gas used may be air, argon or nitrogen.
- the core 1 1 is also equipped with a gas injection system (not shown in the figures) typically consisting of a pump, a cooling system, a compressor and preferably an aspirator of the dust generated by the coring, whose mouth is preferably positioned on the surface of the drilling zone.
- a gas injection system typically consisting of a pump, a cooling system, a compressor and preferably an aspirator of the dust generated by the coring, whose mouth is preferably positioned on the surface of the drilling zone.
- the drill string is progressively lengthened, by inserting additional rods, each time the rack of the drill S comes to a stop.
- the extracted core, and therefore this first guide bore 21, have a length of for example between 20 and 1000 cm, corresponding to the total length L of the borehole 20 of large diameter that it is desired to drill.
- This gap 22 is preferably made by sawing, by means of a diamond ring 12 as mentioned above.
- the leading section of the material is limited to the surface of the crown, which reduces the dust generated at the time of this step.
- the ring 12 may have a full rear face 121 with the exception of an orifice arranged to be able to insert the arrival of compressed air A, whose path is illustrated by arrows.
- the air leaves the side of the front face 122 of the ring, and is discharged along the edges of the borehole. This allows to cool the leading edge of the ring 12, and to permanently evacuate the debris, which avoids any risk of blockage of the crown.
- the ring 12 may have, on its rear face 121, 123 openings, in addition to the compressed air injection port.
- the openings 123 allow the release of the rock or any other material in the ring 12 when necessary. It is also possible to plug these openings 123 when the ring 12 is not blocked, to improve the flow of air on the front face 122 of the ring, and thus to improve the cooling of the leading edge of the ring.
- the length of the gap 22 thus produced is equal to that of the diamond ring 12, that is to say of the order of 50 to 60 cm.
- a centraliser 15 (not shown in the figures), which may be a reference integral with the diamond ring 12 and fixedly placed by relative to it (e.g., at its center), to ensure that the gap 22 has a defined position relative to the guide bore 21 (typically concentric), and that the distance between these two cavities be constant.
- the guide bore 21 and the gap 22 delimit a cylindrical zone C of the drilling zone F, shown in FIG. 2.
- the following steps of the method according to the invention aim at extracting the materials constituting this zone C in order to obtain a hole 20 of diameter D1.
- the materials forming the cylindrical zone C are exploded.
- a spark gap 14 is inserted into the guide bore 21 as described above. Its actuation, illustrated very schematically in FIGS. 5a and 5b, makes it possible to press the material of the cylindrical zone C in order to burst it.
- the bursting of the material generates generally radial cracks which, if not confined inside the cylindrical zone C, could propagate beyond the gap 22 and damage the drilling zone F.
- the process and the device according to the invention make it possible to avoid this damage by confining these cracks inside the cylindrical zone C.
- the containment basket 13 has the same length as the diamond crown 12, and therefore the gap 22.
- the spark gap 14 is then passed through the guide bore 21 through the opening 131 in the closed portion 130 at one end of the basket.
- a support block CS may be placed under the drill string to support it and prevent it from bending under its own weight. The spark gap is then activated to burst the materials of the zone
- the basket 13 makes it possible to confine all of the radial shock waves generated by the bursting step of the materials of the cylindrical zone C.
- the slot 133 that this containment basket 13 presents gives the latter a certain plasticity: under the stresses transmitted by the shock waves, the basket 13 can deform radially outwards (typically, the deformation can be a spacing), which allows it to absorb the energy of the waves and to avoid its transmission outside the gap 22. This also allows easy removal of the basket 13 after the bursting materials. Indeed, if the containment basket 13 did not have this slot, the rocks or other materials exploded and remaining inside the basket would form a significant pressure on the inner walls of the basket and block the basket against the walls of the borehole, preventing thus his evacuation. It would also be difficult or impossible to extract the pieces of rock, as well as the spark gap 14 of the basket 3. The basket used in the invention solves these difficulties.
- the basket 13, containing these materials and the spark gap 14, is removed, for example by means of a withdrawal cable actuated by a winch T or any other known means.
- a guide bore 21, of diameter D2 which preferably extends over a length equal to the total length L that is desired
- the rest of the process consists in repeating the steps implementing the diamond ring 12, the spark gap 14 and the containment basket 13, to advance the realization of the bore 20 of diameter D1.
- each of the tools necessary for carrying out the various steps on the extended drill string 16 is successively fixed in order to obtain a length sufficient to reach the bottom of the first portion 201 of the drilling 20, and that we complete as the drilling progresses.
- the diamond ring 12 is mounted on the drill string 16 to make the gap 22, then it is removed, and replaced by the containment basket 13, which is inserted into the gap. Finally this basket is separated from the drill string 16 and left in place, then the spark gap is fixed to the drill string 16 and inserted into the guide bore 21 before being actuated.
- This drilling has a particularly regular surface, and free from defects such as cracks, which could degrade the properties of the wall, and particularly its impermeability.
- REPLACEMENT LIGHT (RULE 26)
- surfacer 17 which allows to level the surface 202 located at the bottom of the final drilling 20. Indeed, at the moment when the materials of the last cylindrical zone C are exploded, they are not detached from the surface 202 in a regular manner.
- the front face 170 is of circular section of diameter D1, and comprises several spiral sections 171 extending from the center of the front face towards its periphery, the sections being distributed regularly. to cover homogeneously the 360 ° of the surface of the front face 170.
- the sections are toothed to attack the drilling material (rocks, concrete, etc.).
- the spiral sections 171 may rest on a metal frame 172 such as a grid, which allows to lighten the structure.
- a metal frame 172 such as a grid
- the compressed air can pass through the grid and cool the leading edge of the surfacer 17.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1153275A FR2974141B1 (fr) | 2011-04-14 | 2011-04-14 | Procede et dispositif de forage non destructif |
| PCT/EP2012/056820 WO2012140222A1 (fr) | 2011-04-14 | 2012-04-13 | Procede et dispositif de forage non destructif |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2697470A1 true EP2697470A1 (fr) | 2014-02-19 |
| EP2697470B1 EP2697470B1 (fr) | 2015-05-20 |
Family
ID=45976935
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20120715378 Active EP2697470B1 (fr) | 2011-04-14 | 2012-04-13 | Procédé et dispositif de forage non destructif |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2697470B1 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2543701T3 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2974141B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2012140222A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103616329B (zh) * | 2013-11-18 | 2016-01-06 | 杭州河口水利科技有限公司 | 深细孔径钻机探查砌体隐蔽部分结构情况与轮廓尺寸的方法 |
| FR3100559B1 (fr) | 2019-09-09 | 2021-09-17 | Inst De Radioprotection Et De Surete Nucleaire | Procédé et dispositif de forage grand diamètre ou de creusement de puits suivant plusieurs inclinaisons |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3840270A (en) * | 1973-03-29 | 1974-10-08 | Us Navy | Tunnel excavation with electrically generated shock waves |
| DE2949989A1 (de) * | 1979-03-13 | 1980-09-25 | Koichi Uemura | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum vortreiben von unterirdischen zylinderkoerpern |
| EP0753096A4 (fr) * | 1994-04-14 | 1999-08-04 | Sunburst Excavation Inc | Fracturation controlee de roches dures par la mise sous pression du fond d'un trou de forage |
| NL1011296C1 (nl) * | 1999-02-12 | 2000-08-15 | Heerema Ondergrondse Infrastru | Werkwijze en inrichting voor het vervaardigen van een ondergrondse tunnel. |
| FR2934007B1 (fr) * | 2008-07-17 | 2010-09-10 | Ecole Polytech | Procede de construction d'une galerie souterraine ou d'un puits permettant de realiser un bouchon etanche pour un stockage de dechets dangereux et notamment radioactifs. |
-
2011
- 2011-04-14 FR FR1153275A patent/FR2974141B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2012
- 2012-04-13 WO PCT/EP2012/056820 patent/WO2012140222A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2012-04-13 ES ES12715378.1T patent/ES2543701T3/es active Active
- 2012-04-13 EP EP20120715378 patent/EP2697470B1/fr active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2012140222A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2697470B1 (fr) | 2015-05-20 |
| WO2012140222A1 (fr) | 2012-10-18 |
| FR2974141A1 (fr) | 2012-10-19 |
| FR2974141B1 (fr) | 2013-05-03 |
| ES2543701T3 (es) | 2015-08-21 |
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