EP2662481B1 - Tensioning device, leasing machine, threading machine and method for tensioning a number of chain filaments - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a tensioning device, a crosshair take-in machine, a drawing-in machine and a method for tensioning a plurality of warp threads.

Increasingly, warp threads, for example flat plastic threads, are woven into textile material. The thus obtained textile material is used, for example, for receiving, storing and / or transporting food, in particular vegetables. Another field of application is found in all areas in which textile materials or webs with high strength and abrasion resistance are in demand, for example in agriculture. The flat plastic threads are made of polypropylene, for example. For weaving the warp threads or flat plastic threads into textile materials, the warp threads, which are usually wound on a warp beam, fed to a loom and unwound piece by piece from the warp beam during weaving.

It is known in textile technology to combine the warp threads of a nearly unwound warp beam (warped warp) with the warp threads of a new warp beam (new warp). For this purpose, Knüpfgestelle are known, which are able to aufzuspannen the floated warp thread layer and the new warp thread layer on the loom in a mutually defined position surface. For this purpose, the knotting frame comprises a clamping device for flat clamping of the new and / or old chain. A Knüppapparat also included in the knotting frame then linked each of the warp threads of the two layers.

The operation for tensioning the new warp layer can be done away from the loom and independently of the weaving process, so that the downtime of the loom is essentially determined by the time to actually tie the old warp layer to the new warp layer. By this Vorrichten the new warp layer, the downtime of the loom are shortened.

For linking, the knotting frame with the already stretched warp threads of the new warp thread layer is brought to the respective loom. The warp threads of the old warp layer are also stretched flat. The warp threads of the old warp thread layer and the new warp thread layer stretched flat in mutually defined position are then linked together by the knotting apparatus. Thereafter, the knotter is removed from the loom and weaving can be continued with the new warp layer. In the course of the previously described procedure for linking the old warp thread layer with the new warp thread layer, the unwound old warp beam is replaced by the new warp beam in the loom.

As described above, the new warp thread layer is stretched flat by the clamping device included in the knitting frame. The same happens with the old warp layer on the loom. In textile technology it is known, see EP-A-0590120 in that the warp threads of the new and / or old warp thread layer are laid flat on supports or spread over a tensioner, for example a spanning tree. The spanning tree is provided on its surface with elastic or yielding radial bristles. By turning the spanning tree in a direction of rotation in the direction of the ends of the new chain, or in the unwinding, in this case the individual warp threads are drawn in between the individual bristles and by turning the spanning tree at the same time curious; excited.

The disadvantage is that the warp threads and in particular the aforementioned flat plastic warp threads can be stretched only to a very limited extent by this technique known in the prior art by permanently turning the spanning tree provided with brushes. By reversing the spanning tree a maximum of once, as is usual with thin thread-like warp threads, the flat plastic warp threads can not be tensioned at all. Especially with closely spaced flat plastic warp threads and thus in a case in which the flat plastic warp threads above the spanning tree come to lie over each other several times, the flat plastic warp threads can not all be stretched reliably even with multiple reversal of the spanning tree. As a result of the insufficient tension, a large part of the flat plastic warp threads will sag between the supports, whereby a reliable separation for linking the flat plastic warp threads of this warp thread layer with flat plastic warp threads of another warp thread layer becomes impossible.

When retracting or crosshairs reading the warp threads are also regularly stretched to be separated. When using brushes for the flat plastic warp threads, there are the same drawbacks.

It is an object of the present invention to overcome the aforementioned problems of the prior art.

This object is achieved by a tensioning device comprising a frame; a clamping device adapted to fix a plurality of warp threads of a warp thread layer locally to the frame; and a tensioner for tensioning the plurality of warp yarns by moving the tensioner in relation to the frame, the tensioner being along its surface is provided with a plurality of arranged in the longitudinal direction of the tensioner punch-through pins, which are brought into contact with the warp threads; the opposite ends of the punch-through pins are angled in relation to the normal direction of the surface of the tensioner; and the ends of the punch-through pins brought into contact with the warp threads are oriented in a direction opposite to the clamping device.

An advantage of the inventively designed clamping device is that it has excellent properties for reliable tensioning of warp threads, in particular of flat plastic warp threads. In this case, the piercing pins arranged longitudinally on the surface of the tensioner penetrate or puncture all warp threads very easily and reliably. By reliably piercing all the warp threads by moving or turning the tensioner in comparison to the prior art increasingly uniform tension of all warp threads (warp tension) allows. As a result, improved Separierergebnisse be achieved, which allow a more reliable link, crosshairs reading or retraction of the warp threads. The reliable piercing of the warp yarns is particularly assisted by the ends of the piercing pins facing the surface of the tensioner being angled in the direction of movement for tensioning the warp yarns in relation to the surface of the tensioner in the normal direction. Another advantage of this orientation of the surface of the tensioner oppositely directed ends of the punch-through pins is that the already pierced by the punch pins warp threads no longer detach from the punch-through pins, neither when turning the spanning tree for tensioning the warp threads nor when turning the Spanning tree in the opposite direction of rotation for fixing the tensioned warp threads. To link of warp threads of the old and the new warp thread layer both warp thread layers can be tensioned at the same time by a tensioner. The tensioner may be formed as a flat element, on the surface of the punch-through pins are arranged, wherein the flat element for tensioning the warp threads linear, in particular in the longitudinal direction and in the direction of the ends of the warp threads, opposite to the first clamping device is moved. The tensioner can also be designed as a cylinder, in particular as a tensioning tree, on the surface of which the penetration pins are arranged. To tension the warp threads this is simply turned over.

The number of punch-through pins is chosen such that each warp thread is penetrated at least once by one of the punch-through pins. In this case, individual warp threads can also be penetrated several times by more than one pass-through pin. It may be provided mechanical aids that assist in penetrating the punch-through pins through the warp threads, such as a roller with an elastic surface, such as a foam roller. With this role, an area on the surface of the warp threads is run over under force, in which the warp threads rest on the punch-through pins. As a result, the warp threads are penetrated easily or reliably through the punch-through pins or pierced. The force is directed essentially in the direction of the punch-through pins. After all warp threads are penetrated at least once through the punch-through pins, the tensioner is moved in relation to the frame. As a result, a tensile force is applied to each warp thread, through which the warp threads are pulled in a direction opposite to the clamping device. By fixing the warp threads in a pre-tensioned position to the tensioner before tensioning, the warp threads are tensioned uniformly and reliably in a region between this position and the tensioner. To fix the warp threads of the Kettbaum be fixed in its rotation with a tenter.

Preferably, a pitch angle along a respective penetration pin is changed. This improves the engagement between the punch-through pins and the warp threads, even if the warp threads are stretched and the clamping device is rotated back for clamping. This prevents the warp threads from coming off the punch-through pins.

Preferably, the angle at the end of a respective penetration pin in relation to the normal direction is 90 ° to 170 °, preferably 165 °. By this angle, which is taken between the normal to the surface from which extends the punch-through pin, and the end of a respective piercing pin, a particularly reliable engagement between the punch-through pins and the warp threads is achieved. It has been found that especially at 165 ° angled penetration pins are best suited to penetrate the warp threads. In this case, the angled penetration pins penetrate during movement of the tensioner, e.g. by turning over the spanning tree, automatically enter and penetrate the material of the warp threads, these. By this embodiment of the punch-through pins, the warp threads can be penetrated almost without tools through the punch-through pins. Furthermore, it is prevented that the warp threads are released from the punch-through pins.

Preferably, the opposite ends of the penetration pins are sharpened to the surface of the tensioner. As a result of this configuration of the punch-through pins, the individual warp threads are penetrated or pierced quickly and reliably by them.

Preferably, viewed in the transverse direction of the tensioner, a plurality of punch-through pins arranged directly behind one another. By this redundant arrangement of the punch-through pins one behind the other ensures that always every warp thread is penetrated or pierced at least by one of the punch-through pins. The term "transverse direction" defines a direction oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.

Preferably, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the tensioner, a plurality of rows of the direct successively arranged punch-through pins, alternately offset from each other, arranged. In this embodiment, for example, a punch-through row can each be followed by three directly behind one another, i. in the transverse direction of the tensioner, arranged through-pins are formed. Furthermore, these rows are side by side, i. in the longitudinal direction of the tensioner, offset from one another. By this arrangement, all warp threads are gripped and pierced by the punch-through pins.

Preferably, the distance between each in the longitudinal direction of the tensioner adjacent punch-through pins between 0.5 and 1.0 mm, preferably 0.7 mm. It has been found that it is ensured by a distance between each adjacent piercing pins in a range between 0.5 and 1.0 mm that all warp threads are gripped and pierced by the punch-through pins. The distance between mutually adjacent penetration pins can be varied depending on the width of the warp threads used. In this case, the distance of the mutually adjacent penetration pins increase with increasing width or thickness, or with increasing diameter of the warp threads.

Preferably, the distance between each in the transverse direction of the tensioner adjacent punch-through pins between 1.5 and 2.3 mm, preferably 1.9 mm. This ensures that the warp thread layer can be in the transverse direction in contact with multiple punch-through pins, without the tensioner and consequently the clamping device are too large.

Preferably, the tensioner is designed as a cylindrical tensioning tree, which is rotatably mounted in relation to the frame. As a result, the warp threads can be stretched only by turning the spanning tree.

Preferably, the tensioning device further comprises a comb having a plurality of recesses, which, aligned in the longitudinal direction of the tensioner, can be fastened above the tensioner, wherein the comb is designed to parallelize the plurality of warp threads, which can be guided through recesses of the comb. According to this embodiment, the warp threads are parallelized by the recesses of the comb and at the same time distributed uniformly over the surface. In addition, the warp threads are weighed down when mounting the comb on the tensioner by the comb and thus are overall reliable and solid on the punch-through pins of the tensioner on. As a result, the warp threads are more reliably gripped and pierced by the punch-through pins. In addition, it is effectively prevented that the warp threads are released from the penetration pins.

Preferably, the tensioning device further comprises at least one weighting device disposed between the clamping device and the tensioner, wherein the weighting device is configured to generate a force on the warp threads in the direction of the tensioner. By this configuration, the warp threads are pressed by gravity, for example on the weighting device, reliably on the ends of the punch-through pins. This also prevents already pierced warp threads of release the punch-through pins.

Preferably, the tensioner is arranged between the yarn end of the respective warp threads and the clamping device. By this arrangement, the warp threads pierced by the punch-through pins are on the waste side. As a result, scrap is largely reduced by the warp threads.

Preferably, the tensioning device is usable for knotting, there are two warp thread layers in two planes, with at least one clamping device for each plane, and at least one tensioner is used. This creates a tensioning device for reliably tensioning warp threads of two warp thread layers in two planes.

The thus tensioned in one layer warp threads can be linked to another layer of taut warp threads or provided with a crosshair or fed into lamellae or strands.

The aforementioned object is also achieved by a crosshairs reading machine with a clamping device according to one of claims 1 to 9.

The above object is also achieved by a drawing-in machine with a clamping device according to one of claims 1 to 9.

The above object is also achieved by a method for tensioning a plurality of warp threads in a tensioning device. The method comprises the steps of: a) placing a plurality of warp threads of a warp thread layer on at least one clamping device and on a tensioner; b) fixing the warp threads with the clamping device; c) piercing the plurality of warp yarns with a plurality of punch-through pins of the tensioner; d) moving the tensioner in the direction to move the plurality of punch-through pins in a direction opposite to the clamping device to tension the warp threads between the clamping device and the tensioner; and e) fixing the tensioned warp threads.

Preferably, the tensioner is configured as a spanning tree, and step d) further comprises reversing the spanning tree to tension the warp threads.

Preferably, step c) further comprises pressing the plurality of warp yarns against the tenter piercing pins to pierce the plurality of warp yarns from a plurality of punch through pins.

Figuren 1a-f

einen schematischen Ablauf eines Verfahrens zum Spannen von Kettfäden;

Figur 2

eine schematische Darstellung von Kettfäden und Durchgriffsstiften in einer Schnittansicht senkrecht zur Erstreckung der Kettfäden;

Figur 3

eine schematische Darstellung von Durchgriffsstiften in Querrichtung des Spanners; und

Figur 4

eine schematische Darstellung der Anordnung von Durchgriffsstiften auf einem Spanner.

In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment. Hereby show:

FIGS. 1a-f

a schematic sequence of a method for tensioning warp threads;

FIG. 2

a schematic representation of warp threads and punch-through pins in a sectional view perpendicular to the extension of the warp threads;

FIG. 3

a schematic representation of punch-through pins in the transverse direction of the tensioner; and

FIG. 4

a schematic representation of the arrangement of punch-through pins on a tensioner.

Fig. 1a-f show a schematic sequence of a method for tensioning warp threads, in particular flat plastic warp threads. It is a schematic view of one Clamping device 10 is shown, which includes a frame 11 and a tensioner 12, and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (longitudinal direction L, as in FIGS. 2 and 4 illustrated) of the tensioner 12 is shown. The longitudinal direction of the tensioner 12 is substantially perpendicular to the extension of the warp threads 30. The tensioner 12 is mounted on the frame 11 and formed in this example as in relation to the frame 11 about a parallel to the longitudinal axis L axis rotatably mounted spanning tree. On the surface of the tensioner 12, one or more engaging strips 14 are attached. Each engaging strip 14 is equipped with a plurality of rigid punch-through pins 16. The term "rigid" defines a material property of the penetration pin which is sufficient to penetrate or puncture at least one warp thread. For example, the punch-through pins 16 are made of steel. The engaging strip 14 may be removably mounted over the surface of the tensioner 12.

The tensioning device 10 further includes a clamping device comprising a first clamping device 18 and a second clamping device 20. The first clamping device 18 includes a first clamping rail 22 fixed on the frame 11 and a first clamping bar 24. The second clamping device 20 includes a second one Clamping rail 26 which is fixed on the frame 11, and a second clamping bar 28 (see Fig. 1f ). Essentially above the first clamping device 18, the second clamping device 20 and the surface of the tensioner 12 is a warp thread layer (see warp layer 35 in FIG Fig. 2 ) launched from a plurality of warp threads 30. The individual warp threads 30 are unwound from a warp beam 31 carried on the frame 11 in the arrow direction P indicated in the figures, and are substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the first clamping device 18, the second clamping device 20 and the tensioner 12 in this order.

The tensioner 12 is further provided with a comb 32 which is removably aligned parallel to the engaging strip 14. The comb 32 includes a plurality of recesses through which the warp yarns 30, substantially uniformly distributed, are made before the comb 32 is mounted on the tensioner 12. The recesses of the comb 32 are separated by comb teeth, not shown. The comb 32 is used for parallelizing and pressing the plurality of warp threads 30 in the direction of the tensioner 12.

In the following, the procedure for tensioning the warp threads 30 on the basis of FIGS. 1a-1f described. First, as in Fig. 1a shown, the warp threads 30 a piece of unwound from the warp beam 31 and on the same time serving as a support clamping rails 22, 26 and also placed over the tensioner 12. For this purpose, the warp threads 30 are manually pulled in the direction indicated by arrows P direction.

The arranged in the vicinity of the warp beam 31 first clamping device 18 is used in addition to the function as a support at the same time for the local fixing of the flat spreading warp threads 30 before their tension. For this purpose, the first clamping rod 24 is inserted into a correspondingly shaped recess of the first clamping rail 22. The inserted into the first clamping rail 22 first clamping rod 24 can be locked by turning it firmly. Thus, the flat spread warp threads 30 are firmly clamped between the first clamping rail 22 and the first clamping bar 24.

In the example shown, the warp yarns 30 are weighted by a weighting device 34 to more reliably engage the warp yarns 30 with the piercing pins 16. The weighting device 34 is arranged between the first clamping device 18 and the tensioner 12. Subsequently, they can thus be substantially uniform Spreading warp threads 30 are brought into mutual engagement with the recesses of the comb 32 by this is inserted into a receptacle on the tensioner 12. Thus, the warp threads 30, distributed substantially uniformly, are guided between the recesses of the comb 32.

After this preparation, the tensioner 12 is a piece turn over in the direction of rotation R (see Fig. 1b ), so that the punch-through pins 16 and the warp threads 30 come closer to each other. In the example shown in the figure, the direction of rotation R of the tensioner 12 is equal to the clockwise direction. In the figures, the courses of the warp threads 30 are respectively indicated as a continuous line in the case where a manual pulling force is applied thereto in the unwinding direction. On the other hand, the courses of the warp threads 30 without this applied pulling force are indicated in each case as a dashed line. Without applied tensile force, the warp threads 30 sag at least in the region between the first clamping rail 22 and the second clamping rail 26. The above-described separation of the warp threads 30 for knotting, drawing or cross-reading would not be feasible in this case.

In Fig. 1c the tensioner 12 is displayed in a rotational position rotatable piece by piece in the direction of rotation R, in which the penetration pins 16 of the engaging strip 14 come into direct contact with the warp threads 30. In the example shown in the figure, the punch-through pins 16 of the engaging strip 14 are in this case at the 12 o'clock position. As indicated, due to their negligible weight, the warp yarns 30 only rest on the tips of the punch-through pins 16. When a manual pulling force is applied to the warp yarns 30, a plurality of the warp yarns 30 or all the warp yarns 30 are pierced by the punch-through pins 16.

In Fig. 1d is schematically and exemplarily indicated how the warp threads 30, which have not already been pierced, can be pierced with a tool through the punch-through pins 16. In this example, a resilient surface roll 36 is transferred along the pass-through pins 16, respectively along the engaging strip 14, over the warp threads 30 and pass-through pins 16. In this case, a force is applied to the warp threads 30, wherein this force is directed substantially in the direction of the surface of the tensioner 12 and the warp threads 30 presses against the punch-through pins 16. This force is sufficient for the penetration pins 16 to penetrate into the elastic material of the roller 36. In this case also penetrate the pins 16 through the warp threads 30 through, or pierce them. Through this simple tool all warp threads 30 are firmly engaged with the punch-through pins 16 and thus also with the tensioner 12th

In Fig. 1e the tensioner 12 is shown in a further rotated in a clockwise position in the direction of rotation R. The weighting device 34 was removed. Since the warp threads 30 are each at least simply pierced by the punch-through pins 16 and are further held by the first clamping device 18, that portion of the warp threads 30 which is between the first clamping device 18 and the punch-through pins 16 of the tensioner 12, by the movement of the Tensioner 12, and consequently the punch-through pins 16 in a direction opposite to the clamping device 18, tensioned. As can be seen in the figure, the warp threads 30 thus no longer hang in the area between the first clamping device 18 and the second clamping device 20. This tension causes slits in each warp thread 30, particularly in each flat plastic warp thread, so that all the warp threads 30 are tensioned regularly.

In Fig. 1f it is indicated that this voltage is a bit far is released by the tensioner 12 is now released at a small angle in the counterclockwise direction ZR. One advantage of the through-pins 16 aligned in the direction of rotation of the tensioner 12 is that the warp threads 30 continue to remain firmly engaged with the penetration pins 16 even when the tension is released due to the backward rotation of the tensioner 12. Thus, the warp threads 30 are prevented from coming off the punch-through pins 16.

Due to the reduced but regular tension, the tensioned warp threads 30 can be fixed by the second clamping device 20 at a distance from the first clamping device 18. For fixing the second clamping bar 28 is inserted into a correspondingly shaped recess of the second clamping rail 26. By this insertion, a further tension is exerted on the warp threads 30. The warp threads 30 are now reliably and regularly tensioned in the area between the first clamping device 18 and the second clamping device 20 and can be subjected to a subsequent separating operation. It should be noted that the warp threads 30 can also be fixed by the warp beam 31 is fixed in rotation relative to the frame 11. In this embodiment, the clamping device 18 need not be provided, and the fastening device of the warp beam 31 serves as the first clamping device of the warp threads 30 before the warp threads 30 are tensioned. It should also be mentioned that the warp threads 30 can also be fixed under tension by fixing the tensioner 12 longitudinally or non-rotatably in relation to the frame 11. In this embodiment, the clamping device 20 does not need to be provided. The fastening device of the tensioner 12 then serves as a clamping device of the tensioned warp threads 30, and the fixing of the tensioner 12 then serves as a fixation of the tensioned warp threads 30 at a distance to the first clamping device.

If the tensioner is formed as a flat element, the warp threads 30 are placed from the warp beam 31 directly over the punch-through pins 16 of the tensioner 12 and then fixed in the first clamping device 18. When the warp yarns 30 are pierced by the piercing pins 16 with possibly a roller 36, the tensioner becomes linear in the transverse direction of the tensioner (transverse direction Q, as in FIG 3 and 4 illustrated) and toward the ends of the warp yarns 30, opposite the first clamping device 18, is moved to create a regular tension of the warp yarns 30. The flat tensioner is then moved back so that the tensioned warp threads 30 can be fixed in the clamping device 20. The comb 32 and the weighting device 34 can be used with the flat tensioner.

Before or in the course of the knotting operation, the crosshairs read-in operation or the retraction operation, the warp threads 30 can be severed transversely to their longitudinal orientation and in a region between the second clamping device 20 and the tensioner 12 or between the first clamping device 18 and the second clamping device 20. Those portions of the warp yarns 30 between this partition and the respective end can be disposed of. Thus, the piercing of the warp threads 30 has no effect on the further processing sequence, since those sections on the so-called waste side are no longer needed.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of the warp threads 30 of a warp thread layer 35 and the punch-through pins 16 in a sectional view perpendicular to the extension of the warp threads 30. As can be seen from the figure, the punch-through pins 16 are pointed. Thus, they are suitable to easily penetrate the warp threads 30, or to pierce. In contrast to the prior art, the warp threads 30 according to the invention now not between brush bristles pressed, but pierced by the tapered punch pins 16. The penetration pins 16 are in this case arranged in relation to the surface with such a density in the longitudinal direction L of the tensioner 12, that a single warp thread is pierced at least by a penetration pin. Thus, it can be ensured that all the warp threads 30 of the warp thread layer 35 are tensioned.

In Fig. 2 the punch-through pins 16 are aligned perpendicular to the surface of the tensioner 12, and from the surface of the tensioner 12 to its end evenly pointed expiring. These punch-through pins 16 may have a diameter of 0.3 mm at their base, ie at their point of connection to the engaging strip 14 on the tensioner 12. Such trained penetration pins 16 can reliably penetrate the warp threads even when the warp threads are laminated in multiple layers.

Fig. 3 FIG. 11 shows a schematic detail of a flat engaging strip 14 with punch-through pins 16 extending from the surface of the tensioner (tensioner 12 as shown in FIG Fig. 1 and 2 , illustrated) extend from sections initially perpendicular to the surface of the tensioner. At the end of the section, the punch-through pins 16 are aligned at an angle. Here, the ends of the punch-through pins 16 in the direction of the predetermined linear movement or rotation of the tensioner for tensioning the warp threads in relation to the normal direction N of the surface of the tensioner 12. An advantage of this configuration is that the punch-through pins 16 only by moving or turning the Tensioner penetrate into the material of the warp threads, thereby structurally damage this at the point of contact and thus penetrate through the warp threads. Thus, the above-described operation for applying a force to the warp threads toward the tensioner by means of a roller (see Fig. Ld) can be saved. Another The advantage of this embodiment is that it thus reliably prevents the warp threads from becoming detached from the penetration pins 16 as soon as the tensioning force for tensioning the warp threads is generated and then reduced.

The pitch angle of a punch-through pin 16 is changed along a respective punch-through pin 16. In Fig. 3 For example, a punch-through pin 16 is aligned first with a straight portion 16A from the surface of the tensioner 12 in the normal direction N and then with a straight portion 16B at an angle α in relation to the normal direction N, so that the end of a respective piercing pin facing the surface of the tensioner 16 opposite from the clamping device (clamping device 18, see Fig. 1a-f ) is oriented when the pass-through pin 16 with the warp threads (warp threads 30, see Fig. 1 and 2 ) is in contact. The angle α at the end of a respective penetration pin 16, which is taken between the normal direction N and the tangent at the end 16C of the respective penetration pin 16 and which is oriented in the direction of the surface of the tensioner is 90 ° to 170 °, preferably between 120 ° and 170 °, more preferably 165 °. When the piercing pin 16 is curved, the pitch angle always develops along the piercing pin 16, from the surface of the tensioner 12 to the end 16C.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of the arrangement of the punch-through pins 16 of an engaging strip 14 on the surface of the tensioner 12. In this example, viewed in the transverse direction Q of the tensioner 12, a plurality of punch-through pins 16 are arranged directly behind one another. In the example shown in the figure, two punch-through pins are arranged one behind the other. The number of punch-through pins arranged directly behind one another can be in a range between 2 and 6. The higher the number is the piercing pins arranged directly behind one another, the higher is the probability that all the warp threads (not shown) are grasped or pierced. Furthermore, a multiplicity of rows of punch-through pins arranged directly behind one another are arranged alternately offset from each other.

In the example shown in the figure, four rows of punch-through pins arranged one behind the other are juxtaposed, i. in the longitudinal direction L of the tensioner 12, offset from one another. This grouping continues in the longitudinal direction L of the tensioner 12 repeatedly. The alternating arrangement of the groups of punch-through pins 16 can be ensured with little effort that when moving or turning over the tensioner 12 always all warp threads are taken and punctured so as to be reliably tensioned with continued movement or rotation of the tensioner 12. As shown in the figure, the punch-through pins 16 may have a circular cross-section. The punch-through pins 16 may alternatively have a rectangular cross-section (made, for example, from steel strip). In this way, the probability can be reduced that the warp threads are slit, for example, in the longitudinal direction.

Claims (15)

1. A tensioning device (10), comprising:

   a frame (11);

   a clamping device (18), which is designed to fix a multiplicity of warp threads (30) of a warp thread layer (35) locally on the frame (11); and

   a tensioner (12) for purposes of tensioning the multiplicity of warp threads (30) by the movement of the tensioner (12) relative to the frame (11);

   characterized in that the tensioner (12) is provided along its surface with a multiplicity of engagement pins (16) arranged in the longitudinal direction (L) of the tensioner (12), which pins can be brought into contact with the warp threads (30);

   the ends (16c) of the engagement pins (16) directed away from the surface of the tensioner (12) are aligned at an angle relative to the normal direction (N) of the surface of the tensioner (12); and

   the ends (16c) of the engagement pins (16) brought into contact with the warp threads (30) are oriented in a direction away from the clamping device (18).
2. The tensioning device (10) in accordance with Claim 1, in which an angle of inclination is altered along any particular engagement pin (16).
3. The tensioning device (10) in accordance with Claim 1 or 2, in which the angle (α) at the end of any particular engagement pin (16) relative to the normal direction (N) is 90° to 170°, preferably 165°.
4. The tensioning device (10) in accordance with one of the preceding claims, in which the ends of the engagement pins (16) directed away from the surface of the tensioner (12) are pointed.
5. The tensioning device (10) in accordance with one of the preceding claims, in which, as viewed in the transverse direction (Q) of the tensioner (12), a multiplicity of engagement pins (16) are arranged directly one behind another.
6. The tensioning device (10) in accordance with one of the preceding claims, in which the spacing between engagement pins (16), in each case adjacent to one another in the longitudinal direction (L) of the tensioner, is between 0.5 and 1.0 mm, preferably 0.7 mm.
7. The tensioning device (10) in accordance with one of the preceding claims, in which the tensioner (12) is designed as a cylindrical tensioning beam (12), which is mounted such that it can rotate relative to the frame (11).
8. The tensioning device (10) in accordance with one of the preceding claims, furthermore comprising a comb (32) with a multiplicity of openings, which, aligned in the longitudinal direction (L) of the tensioner (12), can be attached above the tensioner (12), wherein the comb (32) is designed for purposes of parallelising a multiplicity of warp threads (30), which can be guided through openings of the comb (32), and/or wherein the comb (32) is designed to generate a force onto the warp threads (30) in the direction of the tensioner (12).
9. The tensioning device (10) in accordance with one of the preceding claims, in which the tensioner (12) is arranged between the end of the respective warp thread (32) and the clamping device (18).
10. The tensioning device (10) in accordance with one of the preceding claims, wherein the tensioning device (10) can be used for purposes of knotting, and in which two warp thread layers are located in two planes, with at least one clamping device for each plane, and wherein at least one tensioner (12) is utilised.
11. An interlacing machine with a tensioning device (10) in accordance with one of the Claims 1 to 9.
12. A necking machine with a tensioning device (10) in accordance with one of the Claims 1 to 9.
13. A method for purposes of tensioning a multiplicity of warp threads (30) in a tensioning device (10), with the steps:

    a) the laying down of a multiplicity of warp threads (30) of a warp thread layer (35) onto at least one clamping device (18), and onto a tensioner (12);

    b) the fixing of the warp threads (30) with the clamping device (18);

    c) the piercing of the multiplicity of warp threads (30) with a multiplicity of engagement pins (16) of the tensioner (12);

    d) the movement of the tensioner (12) in a direction so as to move the multiplicity of engagement pins (16) in a direction away from the clamping device (18), in order that the warp threads (30) are tensioned between the clamping device (18) and the tensioner (12); and

    e) the fixing of the tensioned warp threads (30).
14. The method in accordance with Claim 13, wherein the tensioner (12) is designed as a tensioner beam (12), and wherein step d) includes:

    the rotation of the tensioning beam (12) for purposes of tensioning the warp threads (30).
15. The method in accordance with Claim 13 or 14, in which step c) furthermore includes:

    the pressing of the multiplicity of warp threads (30) against the engagement pins (16) of the tensioner (12), in order that the multiplicity of warp threads (30) are pierced by a multiplicity of engagement pins (16).

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