EP2630814A1 - Content caching with remote charging services in a radio access network - Google Patents
Content caching with remote charging services in a radio access networkInfo
- Publication number
- EP2630814A1 EP2630814A1 EP11771094.7A EP11771094A EP2630814A1 EP 2630814 A1 EP2630814 A1 EP 2630814A1 EP 11771094 A EP11771094 A EP 11771094A EP 2630814 A1 EP2630814 A1 EP 2630814A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- response
- base station
- ran
- request
- data
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000010267 cellular communication Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000026676 system process Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/02—Details
- H04L12/14—Charging, metering or billing arrangements for data wireline or wireless communications
- H04L12/1432—Metric aspects
- H04L12/1435—Metric aspects volume-based
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/02—Details
- H04L12/14—Charging, metering or billing arrangements for data wireline or wireless communications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/02—Details
- H04L12/14—Charging, metering or billing arrangements for data wireline or wireless communications
- H04L12/1432—Metric aspects
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/50—Network services
- H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
- H04L67/568—Storing data temporarily at an intermediate stage, e.g. caching
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/24—Accounting or billing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/02—Details
- H04L12/14—Charging, metering or billing arrangements for data wireline or wireless communications
- H04L12/1403—Architecture for metering, charging or billing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5603—Access techniques
Definitions
- the present invention relates to content retrieval services provided in a radio access network and more particularly to the caching of retrieved content in a radio access network.
- the radio access network provides for the foundation of modern cellular telephony.
- the RAN functions to join different end user mobile devices to a core network (CN) such that individuals can enjoy telephonic and data communications wirelessly within a geographic area covered by the various base stations of the radio access network.
- CN core network
- the RAN provides the requisite infrastructure to pass both voice and data traffic from the over-the-air medium to both the terrestrial circuit switched communication network and the packet switched data communications network inclusive of the global Internet.
- the RAN generally includes multiple different radio network controllers (RNC) each managing a set of base stations providing wireless connectivity to a geographic cell.
- RNC radio network controllers
- the entirety of the different RNCs of the RAN are linked to what is known as the cellular data core or CN through a gateway known as the serving generalized radio packet service node (SGSN).
- SGSN serving generalized radio packet service node
- the CN provides various services to customers who are connected by the RAN.
- One of the main functions is to route calls across the public switched telephone network (PSTN).
- PSTN public switched telephone network
- IP Internet protocol
- CDN content delivery network
- the CN includes a gateway known as the gateway GPRS service node (GGSN).
- GGSN gateway GPRS service node
- the typical CDN can provide for advanced content delivery services such as content caching and content filtering.
- Content caching refers to the intermediate temporary storage of previously retrieved content under the assumption that a temporally proximate subsequent request for the content can be satisfied from temporary storage rather than repeating a more time consuming request for content in the CDN.
- content filtering refers to the restriction of the delivery of requested content when the content meets a particular profile such as being published by a particular source or incorporating particular subject matter.
- TCP transport control protocol
- Embodiments of the present invention address deficiencies of the art in respect to content services in a RAN and provide a novel and non-obvious method, system and computer program product for content caching with remote charging services in a RAN.
- a method for content caching with remote charging services in a RAN has been claimed. The method includes receiving a data request from an end user device in a base station of a RAN and routing the request to a packet switched data communications network from the base station by way of a core network disposed between the RAN and the data communications network. The method also includes receiving a response to the request in the base station, caching the response in a local cache of the base station and forwarding the response to the end user device.
- the method includes transmitting data characteristic of the response to a remote charging service external to the base station but within the RAN, for instance a size of the response, a size of the request or both.
- the transmission of the data characteristic of the response to a remote charging service can include first batching the data characteristic of the response with other data characteristic of other responses to other requests from other end user devices communicating with the base station, and subsequently transmitting the batched data to the remote charging service.
- a RAN based data processing system can be configured for content caching with remote charging services.
- the system can include a base station that includes an antenna, a receiver, a transmitter, a processor, a local cache, and a network interface to a data communications network.
- the system also can include an RNC coupled to the base station over the data communications network.
- the system yet further can include a charging service executing in memory of a host computer recording charges for data services provided in the RAN.
- the system can include a caching with remote charging module executing by the processor of the base station.
- the module can include program code enabled to receive a data request from an end user device, to route the request to a content server in a computer communications network through a coupled CN, to receive a response to the request, to cache the response in the local cache, to forward the response to the end user device, and to transmit data characteristic of the response to the charging service external.
- the present invention provides a method for content caching with remote charging services in a radio access network, RAN, the method comprising: receiving a data request from an end user device in a base station of a RAN; routing the request to a packet switched data communications network from the base station by way of a core network disposed between the RAN and the data communications network; receiving a response to the request in the base station; caching the response in a local cache of the base station and forwarding the response to the end user device; and, transmitting data characteristic of the response to a remote charging service external to the base station but within the RAN.
- the present invention provides a radio access network, RAN, based data processing system configured for content caching with remote charging services, the system comprising: a base station comprising an antenna, a receiver, a transmitter, a processor, a local cache, and a network interface to a data communications network;
- a radio network controller coupled to the base station over the data communications network; a charging service executing in memory of a host computer recording charges for data services provided in the RAN; and, a caching with remote charging module executing by the processor of the base station, the module comprising: means for receiving a data request from an end user device; means for routing the request to a content server in a computer communications network through a coupled core network (CN); means for receiving a response to the request; means for caching the response in the local cache;
- RNC radio network controller
- the present invention provides a computer program product for content caching with remote charging services in a radio access network, RAN, the computer program product comprising: a computer readable storage medium readable by a processing circuit and storing instructions for execution by the processing circuit for performing a method for performing the steps of the invention.
- the present invention provides a computer program stored on a computer readable medium and loadable into the internal memory of a digital computer, comprising software code portions, when said program is run on a computer, for performing the steps of the invention.
- Figure 1 is a pictorial illustration of a process for content caching with remote charging services in a RAN, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a RAN based data processing system configured for content caching with remote charging service, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating a process for content caching with remote charging services in a RAN, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Embodiments of the invention provide for content caching with remote charging services in a RAN.
- a content request can be received in a caching processor executing in memory of a computing device in a base station of a cell in a RAN of a cellular communications network such as a 3G or UMTS cellular communications system.
- the content request can be inspected to determine if a response to the request can be found in a cache local to the base station. If so, the cached response to the request can be returned to the requesting end user device. Otherwise, a response can be retrieved by way of a CN coupled to the RAN and returned to the end user device. Further, to the extent the response is determined to be cacheable, the response can be placed in the local cache of the base station and a remote charging service external to the base station can be notified of the caching of the response in order to manage billing externally to the base station.
- Figure 1 pictorially depicts a process for content caching with remote charging services in a RAN.
- a cellular telecommunications network can be provided to include different base stations 120 arranged to provide wireless telephonic access to different end user devices 110 for the PSTN 140.
- Clusters of the base stations 120 can be communicatively linked to a common RNC 130 that in turn can be coupled to a CN 150 thus forming a RAN.
- the CN 150 can include both a SGSN 160A acting as a gateway for traffic between the CN 150, the PSTN 140 and each RNC 130, and also a GGSN 160B acting as a gateway between the CN 150 and the data communications network 100— typically the global Internet.
- the CN 150 itself can support a number of content services 170 as is well known in the art.
- a data processing system for caching with remote charging 190A can be disposed in one or more of the base stations 120 and can be configured for communicative coupling to a charging service 190 executing in the RNC 130 externally to the base station 120.
- the data processing system 190A can include program code that when executes in the data processing system processes content requests stemming from end user devices 110 communicating with the base station 120 to serve locally cached responses to the end user devices 110.
- the program code when executing further can retrieve responses 190C from content servers 180 on the data communications network 100 by way of the CN 150 that have not been cached and can return those retrieved responses 190C to the end user devices 110.
- the program code when executing can provide to the charging service 190B data pertaining to the nature of the retrieved responses 190C once cached locally at the base station 120 so that the charging service 190B can process billing resulting from the caching of the retrieved responses 190C.
- Figure 2 is a schematic illustration of a RAN based data processing system configured for content caching with remote charging services in a packet data network such as a 2.5G or 3G network.
- the system can include a base station 200A coupled to an RNC 200B over a communications network 250, commonly an IP network or an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) network.
- the base station 200A can include a receiver/transmitter 230 receiving over-the-air communications from different end user devices within transmission range of the base station 200A by way of antenna 265, and routing the same to the RNC 200B by way of a network interface 210.
- a processor 240 can be provided to perform computational processing on received data as the data is placed in memory 220.
- the RNC 200B can include a host computer 260 with at least one processor and memory supporting the execution of an operating system 270.
- the operating system 270 in turn can host the execution of a charging service 280.
- the charging service 280 can write records to a data store of customer charges 290 in furtherance of service oriented charging of customers for data services provisioned for different customers of the RAN based data processing system.
- a caching with remote charging module 300 can be disposed in the base station 200 A along with a local cache 275 couple to the caching with remote charging module 300.
- the caching with remote charging module 300 can include program code that when executed by the processor 240 of the base station 200A can process data requests received from wirelessly coupled end user devices (not shown) by returning cached responses in the local cache 275, or to retrieve the responses from over the data communications network 250 and to cache the retrieved responses in the local cache 275. Further, when a response is placed into the local cache 275, the program code of the caching with remote charging module 300 can provide data characteristic of the cached response and optionally the request to the charging service 280, such as a size of the cached response. In this regard, the caching with remote charging module 300 can provide the characteristic data to the charging service 280 in real-time, or in batch along with other characteristic data for other cached responses.
- Figure 3 is a flow chart illustrating a process for content caching with remote charging services in a RAN.
- a data request can be received in a base station of a RAN from an end user device wirelessly communicating with the base station.
- a local cache in the base station can be consulted for a response to the request.
- decision block 330 if a response to the request can be located in the local cache, in block 340 the response can be returned to the end user device. Otherwise, in block 350 a response to the request can be retrieved from a content provider over the Internet by way of a CN and a corresponding RNC and ultimately back to the base station.
- decision block 360 it can be determined whether or not the response is cacheable (for instance whether or not a content filter would prevent the caching of the response). If not, in block 340 the response can be returned to the end user device. Otherwise, in block 370 the response can be placed in the local cache of the base station and in block 380 the size of the response (and optionally of the request leading to the response) can be computed.
- a remote charging service in the RNC can be invoked through an interface to the remote charging service with an identity of the requesting end user device, and the size of the response and optionally an identification of the response and request size.
- the response can be returned to the end user devices.
- aspects of the present invention may be embodied as a system, method or computer program product. Accordingly, aspects of the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.) or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects that may all generally be referred to herein as a "circuit,” “module” or “system.” Furthermore, aspects of the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied in one or more computer readable medium(s) having computer readable program code embodied thereon.
- the computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium.
- a computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
- a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
- a computer readable signal medium may include a propagated data signal with computer readable program code embodied therein, for example, in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated signal may take any of a variety of forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical, or any suitable combination thereof.
- a computer readable signal medium may be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
- Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, wireline, optical fiber cable, radiofrequency, and the like, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
- Computer program code for carrying out operations for aspects of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language and conventional procedural programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server.
- the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider).
- LAN local area network
- WAN wide area network
- Internet Service Provider an Internet Service Provider
- each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures.
- instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
- These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable medium that can direct a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other devices to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable medium produce an article of manufacture including instructions which implement the function/act specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
- the computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other devices to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer, other programmable apparatus or other devices to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide processes for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
- Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)
- Meter Arrangements (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/910,359 US9560155B2 (en) | 2010-10-22 | 2010-10-22 | Ensuring content filtering through a specialized tier of proxy caches at the base station |
US12/910,252 US9294895B2 (en) | 2010-10-22 | 2010-10-22 | Caching at the wireless tower with remote charging services |
PCT/EP2011/067857 WO2012052341A1 (en) | 2010-10-22 | 2011-10-13 | Content caching with remote charging services in a radio access network |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2630814A1 true EP2630814A1 (en) | 2013-08-28 |
Family
ID=44860324
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11771094.7A Withdrawn EP2630814A1 (en) | 2010-10-22 | 2011-10-13 | Content caching with remote charging services in a radio access network |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2630814A1 (zh) |
JP (2) | JP5717862B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101476068B1 (zh) |
CN (2) | CN103168460B (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2011319565B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR112013009815A8 (zh) |
CA (2) | CA2814705C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE112011103526B4 (zh) |
GB (1) | GB2499149B (zh) |
IL (1) | IL222134A (zh) |
MX (1) | MX2012014526A (zh) |
WO (2) | WO2012052342A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITTO20120744A1 (it) * | 2012-08-29 | 2014-03-01 | Inst Rundfunktechnik Gmbh | Bereitstellung von applikationen auf mehreren elektronischen geraeten |
CN104168317B (zh) | 2014-08-12 | 2018-01-19 | 华为技术有限公司 | 缓存内容命中方法和通信系统 |
CN106162756A (zh) * | 2015-03-31 | 2016-11-23 | 北京三星通信技术研究有限公司 | 一种基于lte网络的业务数据缓存方法及设备 |
CN105306538B (zh) * | 2015-09-22 | 2019-05-03 | 北京佰才邦技术有限公司 | 数据的存储方法、能力开放实体和基站 |
JP6662176B2 (ja) | 2016-04-21 | 2020-03-11 | ソニー株式会社 | 情報処理装置、情報処理システム、情報処理方法およびプログラム |
JP6736956B2 (ja) | 2016-04-21 | 2020-08-05 | ソニー株式会社 | 情報処理システム |
CN107454579B (zh) * | 2016-05-30 | 2020-02-25 | 普天信息技术有限公司 | 一种lte网络支持计费的s1接口缓存加速方法、系统及装置 |
CN109995836B (zh) | 2017-12-29 | 2021-12-03 | 华为技术有限公司 | 缓存决策方法及装置 |
Family Cites Families (15)
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US6351767B1 (en) * | 1999-01-25 | 2002-02-26 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method and system for automatically caching dynamic content based on a cacheability determination |
US6941338B1 (en) * | 1999-09-01 | 2005-09-06 | Nextwave Telecom Inc. | Distributed cache for a wireless communication system |
AU2021001A (en) * | 1999-12-13 | 2001-06-18 | Markport Limited | A service management access node |
JP2002140309A (ja) * | 2000-11-02 | 2002-05-17 | Hitachi Ltd | サービスシステム |
JP2002196969A (ja) * | 2000-12-27 | 2002-07-12 | Victor Co Of Japan Ltd | キャッシュ・サーバ |
JP4133274B2 (ja) * | 2002-12-04 | 2008-08-13 | 株式会社エヌ・ティ・ティ・ドコモ | コンテンツ配信システム、中継装置及びコンテンツ配信制御方法 |
JP4498898B2 (ja) | 2004-11-29 | 2010-07-07 | 富士通株式会社 | 無線通信システムに使用されるデータキャッシュ装置及び方法 |
US8768297B2 (en) * | 2006-04-12 | 2014-07-01 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Differentiated network indication |
JP4876958B2 (ja) * | 2007-02-19 | 2012-02-15 | 沖電気工業株式会社 | 情報配信システム、サーバ及び中継装置 |
US8060145B2 (en) | 2008-07-09 | 2011-11-15 | T-Mobile Usa, Inc. | Cell site content caching |
JP5587884B2 (ja) | 2008-08-06 | 2014-09-10 | モービック・ネットワークス | 無線アクセスネットワーク(ran)におけるコンテンツのキャッシング |
US20100177680A1 (en) * | 2009-01-09 | 2010-07-15 | Adc Telecommunications, Inc. | System and method of delivering content using networked wireless communication units |
US8248931B2 (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2012-08-21 | At&T Mobility Ii Llc | Site based media storage in a wireless communication network |
CN102550006A (zh) * | 2010-02-12 | 2012-07-04 | 莫维克网络公司 | 移动网络中的无线接入网络缓存 |
US8717945B2 (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2014-05-06 | International Business Machines Corporation | Application-specific chargeback of content cached at the wireless tower |
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2011
- 2011-10-13 GB GB1308693.9A patent/GB2499149B/en active Active
- 2011-10-13 CN CN201180050776.9A patent/CN103168460B/zh active Active
- 2011-10-13 BR BR112013009815A patent/BR112013009815A8/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-10-13 AU AU2011319565A patent/AU2011319565B2/en active Active
- 2011-10-13 MX MX2012014526A patent/MX2012014526A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-10-13 EP EP11771094.7A patent/EP2630814A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-10-13 CN CN201180050759.5A patent/CN103168482B/zh active Active
- 2011-10-13 CA CA2814705A patent/CA2814705C/en active Active
- 2011-10-13 WO PCT/EP2011/067858 patent/WO2012052342A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-10-13 JP JP2013534260A patent/JP5717862B2/ja active Active
- 2011-10-13 KR KR1020137007338A patent/KR101476068B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2011-10-13 WO PCT/EP2011/067857 patent/WO2012052341A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-10-13 DE DE112011103526.8T patent/DE112011103526B4/de active Active
- 2011-10-13 CA CA3022251A patent/CA3022251C/en active Active
-
2012
- 2012-09-24 IL IL222134A patent/IL222134A/en active IP Right Grant
-
2015
- 2015-01-08 JP JP2015002204A patent/JP2015092748A/ja active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2012052341A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE112011103526T5 (de) | 2013-10-17 |
CA3022251C (en) | 2020-08-25 |
AU2011319565A1 (en) | 2013-04-04 |
CN103168460B (zh) | 2016-10-05 |
DE112011103526B4 (de) | 2022-02-24 |
CA2814705C (en) | 2019-05-07 |
KR20130109123A (ko) | 2013-10-07 |
AU2011319565B2 (en) | 2015-01-29 |
CN103168482B (zh) | 2017-02-22 |
CA3022251A1 (en) | 2012-04-26 |
JP5717862B2 (ja) | 2015-05-13 |
CA2814705A1 (en) | 2012-04-26 |
KR101476068B1 (ko) | 2014-12-30 |
CN103168460A (zh) | 2013-06-19 |
BR112013009815A2 (pt) | 2018-05-02 |
BR112013009815A8 (pt) | 2020-06-30 |
JP2015092748A (ja) | 2015-05-14 |
GB201308693D0 (en) | 2013-06-26 |
JP2014501055A (ja) | 2014-01-16 |
WO2012052341A1 (en) | 2012-04-26 |
GB2499149A (en) | 2013-08-07 |
MX2012014526A (es) | 2013-01-29 |
WO2012052342A1 (en) | 2012-04-26 |
GB2499149B (en) | 2018-08-22 |
IL222134A (en) | 2016-04-21 |
CN103168482A (zh) | 2013-06-19 |
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