EP2619438A2 - Two-piece fuel nozzle for an injector - Google Patents

Two-piece fuel nozzle for an injector

Info

Publication number
EP2619438A2
EP2619438A2 EP11826520.6A EP11826520A EP2619438A2 EP 2619438 A2 EP2619438 A2 EP 2619438A2 EP 11826520 A EP11826520 A EP 11826520A EP 2619438 A2 EP2619438 A2 EP 2619438A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
center opening
guide plate
nozzle
fuel
disposed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11826520.6A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Shriprasad Gaurishankar Lakhapati
Josef Morell
Gregory G. Hafner
Russell P. Zukouski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Engine Intellectual Property Co LLC
Original Assignee
International Engine Intellectual Property Co LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by International Engine Intellectual Property Co LLC filed Critical International Engine Intellectual Property Co LLC
Publication of EP2619438A2 publication Critical patent/EP2619438A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
    • F02M61/12—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type characterised by the provision of guiding or centring means for valve bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/002—Arrangement of leakage or drain conduits in or from injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/008—Arrangement of fuel passages inside of injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/03—Fuel-injection apparatus having means for reducing or avoiding stress, e.g. the stress caused by mechanical force, by fluid pressure or by temperature variations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/80—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly
    • F02M2200/8015—Provisions for assembly of fuel injection apparatus in a certain orientation, e.g. markings, notches or specially shaped sleeves other than a clip

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a fuel injector, and more particularly to a two- piece fuel nozzle having a guide plate and a nozzle body.
  • Fuel systems for modern diesel engines operate at ever increasing fuel injection pressures.
  • One way to achieve these high fuel injection pressures is to utilize a hydraulically intensified fuel injection system.
  • Such a system may utilize a high-pressure common rail system that provides fuel to each individual injector from a high-pressure accumulator, oftentimes referred to as the "rail" or “common rail.”
  • the injector also receives a high- pressure hydraulic fluid, such as fuel, engine oil, or other hydraulic fluid, that is utilized to drive a piston, or other pressure intensifying system, to increase the pressure of the fuel that leaves the injector to the pressures required by modern diesel engines.
  • the fuel that is exiting the fuel injector and provided into a cylinder of an engine is at a very high pressure, in some instances a pressure higher than 3000 bar.
  • These high fuel pressures increase stress on a fuel injector and increase leakage of fuel along the fuel flow path in the injector.
  • nozzle openings provided at a distal end of the fuel injector to provide fuel from the injector into the cylinder have had a circular cross-sectional shape.
  • providing a nozzle opening with a circular cross-sectional shape at an end of the fuel nozzle near a needle guide of the fuel injector has been found to increase stress within the fuel nozzle.
  • the increased fuel injection pressures have resulted in structural failures of some fuel injectors from the increased stress caused by the increased fuel injection pressures. Therefore, a need exists for a fuel nozzle with a modified nozzle opening geometry to reduce the stress caused in the fuel nozzle by the nozzle openings.
  • a fuel nozzle for an internal combustion engine comprises a guide plate, a nozzle body, and an injector needle.
  • the guide plate has a distal end and a proximal end.
  • the proximal end has a first diameter.
  • the distal end has a second diameter.
  • the guide plate additionally has a first center opening formed through at least a portion of the proximal end and the distal end.
  • the guide plate further has a high pressure fuel passage disposed a first radial distance from the center opening at the proximal end and a second radial distance from the center opening at the distal end.
  • the nozzle body has a distal end and a proximal end.
  • the proximal end having a recess formed therein adapted to receive at least a portion of the distal end of the guide plate.
  • the nozzle body has a second center opening formed through at least a portion of the proximal end and the distal end.
  • the center opening has an enlarged portion, which may be a bulbous shaped portion proximate the proximal end, or any other desired shape.
  • the nozzle body additionally has a fuel receiving region disposed proximate the enlarged portion of the second center opening that is in fluid communication with the enlarged portion of the second center opening.
  • the fuel receiving region is generally connected with the high pressure fuel passage of the guide plate.
  • the fuel receiving portion is disposed within the recess.
  • the injector needle is disposed within the first center opening of the guide plate and the second center opening of the nozzle body.
  • a fuel nozzle for an internal combustion engine comprises a guide plate, a nozzle body, and an injector needle.
  • the guide plate has a distal end and a proximal end. The distal end has a contact face.
  • the guide plate additionally has a first center opening formed through at least a portion of the proximal end and the distal end.
  • the guide plate further has a high pressure fuel passage disposed a first radial distance from the center opening at the proximal end and a second radial distance from the center opening at the distal end. The high pressure fuel passage terminates at the contact face.
  • the nozzle body has a distal end and a proximal end.
  • the proximal end having a recess formed therein adapted to receive at least a portion of the distal end of the guide plate.
  • the nozzle body has a second center opening formed through at least a portion of the proximal end and the distal end.
  • the center opening has an enlarged portion, such as the generally bulbous shaped portion shown in the drawings, proximate the proximal end.
  • the nozzle body additionally has a fuel receiving region disposed proximate the enlarged portion of the second center opening that is in fluid communication with the enlarged portion of the second center opening.
  • the fuel receiving region is generally connected with the high pressure fuel passage of the guide plate.
  • the fuel receiving portion is disposed within the recess.
  • the injector needle is disposed within the first center opening of the guide plate and the second center opening of the nozzle body.
  • a fuel nozzle for an internal combustion engine comprises a guide plate and a nozzle body.
  • the guide plate has a distal end and a proximal end.
  • the proximal end has a first diameter.
  • the distal end has a second diameter.
  • the guide plate additionally has a first center opening formed through at least a portion of the proximal end and the distal end.
  • the guide plate further has a high pressure fuel passage disposed a first radial distance from the center opening at the proximal end and a second radial distance from the center opening at the distal end.
  • the guide plate further has a first anti-rotation feature disposed at the distal end of the guide plate.
  • the nozzle body has a distal end and a proximal end.
  • the proximal end has a recess formed therein adapted to receive at least a portion of the distal end of the guide plate.
  • the nozzle body has a second center opening formed through at least a portion of the proximal end and the distal end.
  • the center opening has an enlarged portion proximate the proximal end.
  • the center opening has a fuel receiving region that projects radially outward from the enlarged portion of the second center opening.
  • the fuel receiving region is generally connected with the high pressure fuel passage of the guide plate.
  • the fuel receiving portion is disposed within the recess.
  • a second anti- rotation feature is disposed at a proximal end of the nozzle body.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional schematic view of a portion of a fuel injector according to one embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 shows a portion of a fuel nozzle 10 according to one embodiment.
  • the fuel nozzle 10 comprises a nozzle body 12 and a guide plate 14.
  • the nozzle body 12 is secured to the guide plate 14 via a press-fit. Additionally, a nut (not shown) may be provided on an outer periphery of the guide plate 14 and the nozzle body 12 to secure them together.
  • the nozzle body 12 has a center opening 16 that is generally disposed along a central longitudinal axis of the nozzle body 12. The center opening 16 runs from a proximal end 18 to a distal end 20 of the nozzle body 12.
  • the center opening 16 of the nozzle body 12 aligns with a center opening 22 of the guide plate 14.
  • An injector needle 24 is disposed within the center opening 16 of the nozzle body 12 and the center opening 22 of the guide plate 14.
  • the injector needle 24 is adapted to move longitudinally within the center openings 16, 22 in order to control fuel flow from the fuel nozzle 10.
  • a needle seat 25 is disposed at the distal end 20 of the nozzle body 12.
  • the needle seat 25 has a complimentary shape to a distal tip 26 of the injector needle 24.
  • the needle seat 25 terminates in a generally hemispherical tip.
  • the distal end 20 of the nozzle body 12 additionally contains a plurality of nozzle holes 28.
  • the nozzle holes allow fuel to flow from the center opening 16 of the nozzle body 12 when the injector needle 24 is displaced away from the needle seat 25.
  • the nozzle holes 28 are disposed radially about the distal end 20 of the nozzle body 12.
  • the nozzle holes 28 are generally radially disposed about a centerline of the fuel injector 10.
  • a needle guide 30 is additionally provided in the nozzle body 12.
  • the needle guide 30 is adapted to position the injector needle 24 within the center opening 16 of the nozzle body 12. Controlling the position of the injector needle 24 relative to the center opening 16 assists in forming a seal between the injector needle 24 and the needle seat 25.
  • the guide plate 14 may have an upper needle guide 32.
  • the upper needle guide 32 is also adapted to position the injector needle 24 relative to the center opening 22 of the guide plate 14.
  • the guide plate 14 additionally comprises a high pressure fuel passage 34.
  • the high pressure fuel passage 34 runs from a proximal end 19 to a distal end 21 of the guide plate 14. As shown in FIG. 1, the high pressure fuel passage 34 is located a first radial distance from the center opening 22 of the guide plate 14 at the proximal end 19, and a second radial distance from the center opening 22 of the guide plate 14 at the distal end 21, wherein the first distance is greater than the second distance. That is, the high pressure fuel passage 34 is a greater distance from the center opening 22 at the proximal end 19 than the distal end 21 of the guide plate 14. High pressure fuel passage can be equidistal from center opening 22 and the exterior surface of the guide plate 14, or distance from 22 can be less than distance from exterior surface of guide plate 14.
  • the guide plate 14 additionally comprises an anti-rotation feature 36.
  • the anti- rotation feature 36 may be a vertical hole or slot, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the anti-rotation feature 36 of the guide plate 14 is disposed at a location to be disposed proximate and generally align with an anti-rotation feature 38 of the nozzle body 12.
  • the anti-rotation feature 38 of the nozzle body 12 may also be a vertical hole or slot.
  • the anti-rotation feature 36 of the guide plate 14 is disposed at the distal end 21 of the guide plate 14, while the anti-rotation feature 38 of the nozzle body 12 is disposed at the proximal end 18 of the nozzle body 12.
  • a pin 40 may be disposed within both the anti-rotation features 36, 38 of the guide plate 14 and the nozzle body 12 in order to prevent rotation of the guide plate 14 relative to the nozzle body 12. There may be another set of anti -rotation feature added to guide plate and nozzle body with an extra pin.
  • a generally horizontal drain hole 42 may also be formed in the guide plate 14. The drain hole 42 is in fluid communication with the anti-rotation features 36, 38 of the guide plate 14 and the nozzle body 12. The drain hole 42 is adapted to receive any fuel that may leak from a surface where the nozzle body 12 contacts the guide plate 14. The fuel that leaks from this location may travel to the anti-rotation feature 36 of the guide plate 14, and then out through the drain hole 42. It is contemplated that the drain hole 42 may be in fluid communication with a drain line that returns fuel to a fuel storage location, such as a vehicle fuel tank.
  • the nozzle body 12 comprises a recess 13 disposed at the proximal end 18 of the nozzle body 12.
  • the recess 13 of the nozzle body 12 is adapted to receive a portion of the distal end 21 of the guide plate 14.
  • the center opening 16 of the nozzle body 12 has a generally but not limited to bulbous shape 44 proximate the recess 13.
  • the generally bulbous shape 44 may be a hemispherical shape with a larger diameter than the remainder of the center opening 16 of the nozzle body 12. The diameter of the bulbous shape 44 is also larger than the injector needle 24.
  • a fuel receiving region 46 is additionally formed within the recess 13 in the proximal end 18 of the nozzle body 12.
  • the fuel receiving region 46 generally aligns with the high pressure fuel passage 34 of the guide plate 14.
  • the fuel receiving region 46 is in fluid communication with the generally bulbous shape 44 such that fuel provided by the high pressure fuel passage 34 enters the fuel receiving region 46, flows to the generally bulbous shape 44 and enters the center opening 16 of the nozzle body 12. It is contemplated that the fuel receiving region 46 may have a rounded shape, or another shape without a sharp corner or edge, in order to limit wear of the nozzle body 12 caused by fuel from the high pressure fuel passage 34.
  • the radial offset of the fuel receiving region 46 from the center opening 16 allows for additional material to be located beneath the fuel receiving region 46 of the nozzle body 12, and also reduces stress placed on the nozzle body 12 by the fuel, this providing a more robust fuel nozzle 10.
  • Forming the fuel nozzle 10 from a nozzle body 12 and a guide plate 14 allows the fuel nozzle 10 to be manufactured more effectively than a single piece fuel nozzle.
  • machining of the enlarged region 44, and machining of the fuel receiving region 46, of the nozzle body 12 may be made with far greater precession than if such features were formed in a single piece nozzle through a process such as electro-chemical machining process.
  • this invention may allow for the enlarged region and/or the fuel receiving region to be machined to shapes which were not attainable with convention nozzle designs, to match up or align with other passageways more precisely, or to more cost effectively machine various enlarged region shapes and/or fuel receiving region shapes which may have been cost prohibitive with conventional designs.
  • the access which the present invention provides for machining of the enlarged region and/or fuel receiving region may allow for improved shapes, improved costs, and improved structural integrity relative to conventional nozzle designs.
  • the separate nozzle body 12 and guide plate 14 construction of the present invention may be carried out regardless of the presence of a high pressure fuel passage, and may allow improved machining of the enlarged region and fuel receiving region regardless of any high pressure passageways.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

Fuel nozzle for an internal combustion engine comprises a guide plate, a nozzle body, and an injector needle. The guide plate further has a high pressure fuel passage disposed a first radial distance from the center opening at the proximal end and a second radial distance from the center opening at the distal end. Nozzle body has a distal end and proximal end. The proximal end having a recess formed therein adapted to receive at least a portion of the distal end of the guide plate which may be formed by press fitting. Nozzle body has a center opening formed therethrough. Nozzle body has a fuel receiving region disposed proximate the enlarged portion that is in fluid communication with the enlarged portion of the second center opening. The injector needle is disposed within the first center opening of the guide plate and second center opening of the nozzle body.

Description

TWO-PIECE FUEL NOZZLE FOR AN INJECTOR
DESCRIPTION
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to a fuel injector, and more particularly to a two- piece fuel nozzle having a guide plate and a nozzle body.
BACKGROUND
[0002] Fuel systems for modern diesel engines operate at ever increasing fuel injection pressures. One way to achieve these high fuel injection pressures is to utilize a hydraulically intensified fuel injection system. Such a system may utilize a high-pressure common rail system that provides fuel to each individual injector from a high-pressure accumulator, oftentimes referred to as the "rail" or "common rail." The injector also receives a high- pressure hydraulic fluid, such as fuel, engine oil, or other hydraulic fluid, that is utilized to drive a piston, or other pressure intensifying system, to increase the pressure of the fuel that leaves the injector to the pressures required by modern diesel engines. Thus, the fuel that is exiting the fuel injector and provided into a cylinder of an engine is at a very high pressure, in some instances a pressure higher than 3000 bar. These high fuel pressures increase stress on a fuel injector and increase leakage of fuel along the fuel flow path in the injector.
Additionally, the higher fuel pressure may lead to additional wear of components within the fuel injector. Previously, nozzle openings provided at a distal end of the fuel injector to provide fuel from the injector into the cylinder have had a circular cross-sectional shape. However, providing a nozzle opening with a circular cross-sectional shape at an end of the fuel nozzle near a needle guide of the fuel injector has been found to increase stress within the fuel nozzle. The increased fuel injection pressures have resulted in structural failures of some fuel injectors from the increased stress caused by the increased fuel injection pressures. Therefore, a need exists for a fuel nozzle with a modified nozzle opening geometry to reduce the stress caused in the fuel nozzle by the nozzle openings.
SUMMARY
[0003] According to one embodiment, a fuel nozzle for an internal combustion engine comprises a guide plate, a nozzle body, and an injector needle. The guide plate has a distal end and a proximal end. The proximal end has a first diameter. The distal end has a second diameter. The guide plate additionally has a first center opening formed through at least a portion of the proximal end and the distal end. The guide plate further has a high pressure fuel passage disposed a first radial distance from the center opening at the proximal end and a second radial distance from the center opening at the distal end. The nozzle body has a distal end and a proximal end. The proximal end having a recess formed therein adapted to receive at least a portion of the distal end of the guide plate. The nozzle body has a second center opening formed through at least a portion of the proximal end and the distal end. The center opening has an enlarged portion, which may be a bulbous shaped portion proximate the proximal end, or any other desired shape. The nozzle body additionally has a fuel receiving region disposed proximate the enlarged portion of the second center opening that is in fluid communication with the enlarged portion of the second center opening. The fuel receiving region is generally connected with the high pressure fuel passage of the guide plate. The fuel receiving portion is disposed within the recess. The injector needle is disposed within the first center opening of the guide plate and the second center opening of the nozzle body.
[0004] According to another embodiment, a fuel nozzle for an internal combustion engine comprises a guide plate, a nozzle body, and an injector needle. The guide plate has a distal end and a proximal end. The distal end has a contact face. The guide plate additionally has a first center opening formed through at least a portion of the proximal end and the distal end. The guide plate further has a high pressure fuel passage disposed a first radial distance from the center opening at the proximal end and a second radial distance from the center opening at the distal end. The high pressure fuel passage terminates at the contact face. The nozzle body has a distal end and a proximal end. The proximal end having a recess formed therein adapted to receive at least a portion of the distal end of the guide plate. The nozzle body has a second center opening formed through at least a portion of the proximal end and the distal end. The center opening has an enlarged portion, such as the generally bulbous shaped portion shown in the drawings, proximate the proximal end. The nozzle body additionally has a fuel receiving region disposed proximate the enlarged portion of the second center opening that is in fluid communication with the enlarged portion of the second center opening. The fuel receiving region is generally connected with the high pressure fuel passage of the guide plate. The fuel receiving portion is disposed within the recess. The injector needle is disposed within the first center opening of the guide plate and the second center opening of the nozzle body.
[0005] According to a further embodiment, a fuel nozzle for an internal combustion engine comprises a guide plate and a nozzle body. The guide plate has a distal end and a proximal end. The proximal end has a first diameter. The distal end has a second diameter. The guide plate additionally has a first center opening formed through at least a portion of the proximal end and the distal end. The guide plate further has a high pressure fuel passage disposed a first radial distance from the center opening at the proximal end and a second radial distance from the center opening at the distal end. The guide plate further has a first anti-rotation feature disposed at the distal end of the guide plate. The nozzle body has a distal end and a proximal end. The proximal end has a recess formed therein adapted to receive at least a portion of the distal end of the guide plate. The nozzle body has a second center opening formed through at least a portion of the proximal end and the distal end. The center opening has an enlarged portion proximate the proximal end. The center opening has a fuel receiving region that projects radially outward from the enlarged portion of the second center opening. The fuel receiving region is generally connected with the high pressure fuel passage of the guide plate. The fuel receiving portion is disposed within the recess. A second anti- rotation feature is disposed at a proximal end of the nozzle body.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0006] FIG. 1 is a sectional schematic view of a portion of a fuel injector according to one embodiment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0007] FIG. 1 shows a portion of a fuel nozzle 10 according to one embodiment. The fuel nozzle 10 comprises a nozzle body 12 and a guide plate 14. The nozzle body 12 is secured to the guide plate 14 via a press-fit. Additionally, a nut (not shown) may be provided on an outer periphery of the guide plate 14 and the nozzle body 12 to secure them together. The nozzle body 12 has a center opening 16 that is generally disposed along a central longitudinal axis of the nozzle body 12. The center opening 16 runs from a proximal end 18 to a distal end 20 of the nozzle body 12.
[0008] The center opening 16 of the nozzle body 12 aligns with a center opening 22 of the guide plate 14. An injector needle 24 is disposed within the center opening 16 of the nozzle body 12 and the center opening 22 of the guide plate 14. The injector needle 24 is adapted to move longitudinally within the center openings 16, 22 in order to control fuel flow from the fuel nozzle 10.
[0009] A needle seat 25 is disposed at the distal end 20 of the nozzle body 12. The needle seat 25 has a complimentary shape to a distal tip 26 of the injector needle 24. The needle seat 25 terminates in a generally hemispherical tip. The distal end 20 of the nozzle body 12 additionally contains a plurality of nozzle holes 28. The nozzle holes allow fuel to flow from the center opening 16 of the nozzle body 12 when the injector needle 24 is displaced away from the needle seat 25. The nozzle holes 28 are disposed radially about the distal end 20 of the nozzle body 12. The nozzle holes 28 are generally radially disposed about a centerline of the fuel injector 10.
[0010] A needle guide 30 is additionally provided in the nozzle body 12. The needle guide 30 is adapted to position the injector needle 24 within the center opening 16 of the nozzle body 12. Controlling the position of the injector needle 24 relative to the center opening 16 assists in forming a seal between the injector needle 24 and the needle seat 25.
[0011] It is also contemplated that the guide plate 14 may have an upper needle guide 32. The upper needle guide 32 is also adapted to position the injector needle 24 relative to the center opening 22 of the guide plate 14.
[0012] The guide plate 14 additionally comprises a high pressure fuel passage 34. The high pressure fuel passage 34 runs from a proximal end 19 to a distal end 21 of the guide plate 14. As shown in FIG. 1, the high pressure fuel passage 34 is located a first radial distance from the center opening 22 of the guide plate 14 at the proximal end 19, and a second radial distance from the center opening 22 of the guide plate 14 at the distal end 21, wherein the first distance is greater than the second distance. That is, the high pressure fuel passage 34 is a greater distance from the center opening 22 at the proximal end 19 than the distal end 21 of the guide plate 14. High pressure fuel passage can be equidistal from center opening 22 and the exterior surface of the guide plate 14, or distance from 22 can be less than distance from exterior surface of guide plate 14.
[0013] The guide plate 14 additionally comprises an anti-rotation feature 36. The anti- rotation feature 36 may be a vertical hole or slot, as shown in FIG. 1. The anti-rotation feature 36 of the guide plate 14 is disposed at a location to be disposed proximate and generally align with an anti-rotation feature 38 of the nozzle body 12. The anti-rotation feature 38 of the nozzle body 12 may also be a vertical hole or slot. As may be observed, the anti-rotation feature 36 of the guide plate 14 is disposed at the distal end 21 of the guide plate 14, while the anti-rotation feature 38 of the nozzle body 12 is disposed at the proximal end 18 of the nozzle body 12. A pin 40 may be disposed within both the anti-rotation features 36, 38 of the guide plate 14 and the nozzle body 12 in order to prevent rotation of the guide plate 14 relative to the nozzle body 12. There may be another set of anti -rotation feature added to guide plate and nozzle body with an extra pin. [0014] A generally horizontal drain hole 42 may also be formed in the guide plate 14. The drain hole 42 is in fluid communication with the anti-rotation features 36, 38 of the guide plate 14 and the nozzle body 12. The drain hole 42 is adapted to receive any fuel that may leak from a surface where the nozzle body 12 contacts the guide plate 14. The fuel that leaks from this location may travel to the anti-rotation feature 36 of the guide plate 14, and then out through the drain hole 42. It is contemplated that the drain hole 42 may be in fluid communication with a drain line that returns fuel to a fuel storage location, such as a vehicle fuel tank.
[0015] The nozzle body 12 comprises a recess 13 disposed at the proximal end 18 of the nozzle body 12. The recess 13 of the nozzle body 12 is adapted to receive a portion of the distal end 21 of the guide plate 14. The center opening 16 of the nozzle body 12 has a generally but not limited to bulbous shape 44 proximate the recess 13. The generally bulbous shape 44 may be a hemispherical shape with a larger diameter than the remainder of the center opening 16 of the nozzle body 12. The diameter of the bulbous shape 44 is also larger than the injector needle 24.
[0016] A fuel receiving region 46 is additionally formed within the recess 13 in the proximal end 18 of the nozzle body 12. The fuel receiving region 46 generally aligns with the high pressure fuel passage 34 of the guide plate 14. The fuel receiving region 46 is in fluid communication with the generally bulbous shape 44 such that fuel provided by the high pressure fuel passage 34 enters the fuel receiving region 46, flows to the generally bulbous shape 44 and enters the center opening 16 of the nozzle body 12. It is contemplated that the fuel receiving region 46 may have a rounded shape, or another shape without a sharp corner or edge, in order to limit wear of the nozzle body 12 caused by fuel from the high pressure fuel passage 34.
[0017] The radial offset of the fuel receiving region 46 from the center opening 16 allows for additional material to be located beneath the fuel receiving region 46 of the nozzle body 12, and also reduces stress placed on the nozzle body 12 by the fuel, this providing a more robust fuel nozzle 10.
[0018] Forming the fuel nozzle 10 from a nozzle body 12 and a guide plate 14 allows the fuel nozzle 10 to be manufactured more effectively than a single piece fuel nozzle. For instance, machining of the enlarged region 44, and machining of the fuel receiving region 46, of the nozzle body 12 may be made with far greater precession than if such features were formed in a single piece nozzle through a process such as electro-chemical machining process. And in fact this invention may allow for the enlarged region and/or the fuel receiving region to be machined to shapes which were not attainable with convention nozzle designs, to match up or align with other passageways more precisely, or to more cost effectively machine various enlarged region shapes and/or fuel receiving region shapes which may have been cost prohibitive with conventional designs. The access which the present invention provides for machining of the enlarged region and/or fuel receiving region may allow for improved shapes, improved costs, and improved structural integrity relative to conventional nozzle designs.
The separate nozzle body 12 and guide plate 14 construction of the present invention may be carried out regardless of the presence of a high pressure fuel passage, and may allow improved machining of the enlarged region and fuel receiving region regardless of any high pressure passageways.

Claims

What is claimed is: 1. A fuel nozzle of an injector for an internal combustion engine comprising:
a guide plate having a distal end and a proximal end, the proximal end having a first diameter, the distal end having a second diameter, the guide plate additionally having a first center opening formed through at least a portion of the proximal end and the distal end, the guide plate further having a high pressure fuel passage disposed a first radial distance from the center opening at the proximal end and a second radial distance from the center opening at the distal end;
a nozzle body having a distal end and a proximal end, the proximal end having a recess formed therein adapted to receive at least a portion of the distal end of the guide plate, the nozzle body having a second center opening formed through at least a portion of the proximal end and the distal end, the center opening having an enlarged portion proximate the proximal end, the nozzle body additionally having a fuel receiving region disposed proximate the enlarged portion of the second center opening and being in fluid communication with the enlarged portion of the second center opening, the fuel receiving region being generally aligned with the high pressure fuel passage of the guide plate, the fuel receiving portion disposed within the recess; and
an injector needle disposed within the first center opening of the guide plate and the second center opening of the nozzle body.
2. The fuel nozzle for an internal combustion engine of claim 1 further comprising a needle guide disposed within the first center opening adapted to position the injector needle within the first center opening.
3. The fuel nozzle for an internal combustion engine of claim 1 further comprising a needle guide disposed within the second center opening adapted to position the injector needle within the second center opening.
4. The fuel nozzle for an internal combustion engine of claim 1 further comprising a plurality of nozzle openings disposed proximate the distal end of the nozzle body, the plurality of nozzle openings having a first end disposed within the center opening of the nozzle body, and a second end disposed at an outer periphery of the nozzle body.
5. The fuel nozzle for an internal combustion engine of claim 1 further comprising a first anti-rotation feature formed on the guide plate and a second anti-rotation feature formed on the nozzle body, the first anti-rotation feature and the second anti-rotation feature positioned proximate each other.
There can be more than one set of anti lock features.
6. The fuel nozzle for an internal combustion engine of claim 5, further comprising a dowel pin inserted into the first anti-rotation feature and the second anti-rotation feature.
7. The fuel nozzle for an internal combustion engine of claim 5 further comprising a drain hole formed in the guide plate, the drain hole being disposed in fluid communication with the first anti-rotation feature.
8. The fuel nozzle for an internal combustion engine of claim 1, wherein the fuel receiving region has a partially spherical shape.
9. A fuel nozzle for an internal combustion engine comprising:
a guide plate having a distal end and a proximal end, the distal end having a contact face, the guide plate additionally having a first center opening formed through at least a portion of the proximal end and the distal end, the guide plate further having a high pressure fuel passage disposed a first radial distance from the center opening at the proximal end and a second radial distance from the center opening at the distal end, the high pressure fuel passage terminating at the contact face;
a nozzle body having a distal end and a proximal end, the proximal end having a recess formed therein adapted to receive at least a portion of the distal end of the guide plate, the recess having a mating face adapted to receive the contact face of the guide plate, the nozzle body having a second center opening formed through at least a portion of the proximal end and the distal end, the nozzle body additionally having a fuel receiving region formed on the receiving face at a position offset a radial distance from the second center opening at a portion of the receiving face disposed proximate the enlarged portion of the second center opening and being in fluid communication with the enlarged portion of the second center opening, the fuel receiving region being generally aligned with the high pressure fuel passage of the guide plate, the fuel receiving portion disposed within the recess; and
an injector needle disposed within the first center opening of the guide plate and the second center opening of the nozzle body.
10. The fuel nozzle for an internal combustion engine of claim 9 further comprising a needle guide disposed within the first center opening adapted to position the injector needle within the first center opening.
11. The fuel nozzle for an internal combustion engine of claim 9 further comprising a needle guide disposed within the second center opening adapted to position the injector needle within the second center opening.
12. The fuel nozzle for an internal combustion engine of claim 9 further comprising a plurality of nozzle openings disposed proximate the distal end of the nozzle body, the plurality of nozzle openings having a first end disposed within the center opening of the nozzle body, and a second end disposed at an outer periphery of the nozzle body.
13. The fuel nozzle ector for an internal combustion engine of claim 9 further comprising a first anti-rotation feature formed on the guide plate and a second anti-rotation feature formed on the nozzle body, the first anti-rotation feature and the second anti-rotation feature positioned proximate each other.
14. The fuel nozzle for an internal combustion engine of claim 13 further comprising a drain hole formed in the guide plate, the drain hole being disposed in fluid communication with the first anti-rotation feature.
15. The fuel nozzle for an internal combustion engine of claim 9, wherein the fuel receiving region has a partially spherical shape.
16. A fuel nozzle for an internal combustion engine comprising:
a guide plate having a distal end and a proximal end, the proximal end having a first diameter, the distal end having a second diameter, the guide plate additionally having a first center opening formed through at least a portion of the proximal end and the distal end, the guide plate further having a high pressure fuel passage disposed a first radial distance from the center opening at the proximal end and a second radial distance from the center opening at the distal end, the guide plate further having a first anti-rotation feature disposed at the distal end of the guide plate; and
a nozzle body having a distal end and a proximal end, the proximal end having a recess formed therein adapted to receive at least a portion of the distal end of the guide plate, which may be formed by press fitting and by application of external force the nozzle body having a second center opening formed through at least a portion of the proximal end and the distal end, the center opening having a generally enlarged portion proximate the proximal end, the center opening having a fuel receiving region projecting radially outward from the enlarged portion of the second center opening, the fuel receiving region being generally aligned with the high pressure fuel passage of the guide plate, the fuel receiving portion disposed within the recess, and a second anti-rotation feature disposed at a proximal end of the nozzle body.
17. The fuel nozzle for an internal combustion engine of claim 16, further comprising a dowel pin inserted into the first anti-rotation feature and the second anti-rotation feature.
18. The fuel nozzle for an internal combustion engine of claim 16 further comprising a drain hole formed in the guide plate, the drain hole being disposed in fluid communication with the first anti-rotation feature.
19. The fuel nozzle for an internal combustion engine of claim 16, wherein the fuel receiving region has a partially spherical shape.
20. The fuel nozzle for an internal combustion engine of claim 16 further comprising a needle guide disposed within the first center opening adapted to position the injector needle within the first center opening.
21. The nozzle of an internal combustion engine of claim 10, 11 further compromise that a machining of nozzle guide 32 & 16 & nozzle seat can be performed to maintain an alignment of a needle within nozzle for its smooth operation.
22. The nozzle of an internal combustion engine of claim 21 further comprises that the needle guide diameters are precisely machined to maintain tightly controlled diametric tolerances.
EP11826520.6A 2010-09-24 2011-09-26 Two-piece fuel nozzle for an injector Withdrawn EP2619438A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US38629710P 2010-09-24 2010-09-24
US201161436353P 2011-01-26 2011-01-26
PCT/IN2011/000668 WO2012038984A2 (en) 2010-09-24 2011-09-26 Two-piece fuel nozzle for an injector

Publications (1)

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EP2619438A2 true EP2619438A2 (en) 2013-07-31

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11826520.6A Withdrawn EP2619438A2 (en) 2010-09-24 2011-09-26 Two-piece fuel nozzle for an injector

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CN (1) CN103221676A (en)
WO (1) WO2012038984A2 (en)

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US4485790A (en) * 1982-04-19 1984-12-04 Yanmar Diesel Engine Company Limited Holding construction of a fuel injection valve in an internal combustion engine
CN2413041Y (en) * 2000-03-22 2001-01-03 袁辉 Rotary needle-valve type injector
DE102004032181A1 (en) * 2004-07-02 2006-01-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection valve
US9140224B2 (en) * 2005-06-17 2015-09-22 Caterpillar Inc. Electromagnetic actuator and method for controlling fluid flow
US20080290188A1 (en) * 2007-05-22 2008-11-27 International Engine Intellectual Property Company, Llc Fuel injector needle housing

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO2012038984A3 *

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CN103221676A (en) 2013-07-24
WO2012038984A2 (en) 2012-03-29
WO2012038984A3 (en) 2012-05-18

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