EP2617169A1 - Dispositif d'adaptation de debit de donnees à une couche physique, circuit integre comportant un tel dispositif et procede, programme d'ordinateur et moyens de stockage correspondants - Google Patents
Dispositif d'adaptation de debit de donnees à une couche physique, circuit integre comportant un tel dispositif et procede, programme d'ordinateur et moyens de stockage correspondantsInfo
- Publication number
- EP2617169A1 EP2617169A1 EP11754883.4A EP11754883A EP2617169A1 EP 2617169 A1 EP2617169 A1 EP 2617169A1 EP 11754883 A EP11754883 A EP 11754883A EP 2617169 A1 EP2617169 A1 EP 2617169A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- frames
- source device
- memory buffer
- filling
- adaptation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 26
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009432 framing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000013144 data compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004870 electrical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/25—Flow control; Congestion control with rate being modified by the source upon detecting a change of network conditions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/22—Traffic shaping
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/30—Flow control; Congestion control in combination with information about buffer occupancy at either end or at transit nodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/90—Buffering arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/43—Assembling or disassembling of packets, e.g. segmentation and reassembly [SAR]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/43—Assembling or disassembling of packets, e.g. segmentation and reassembly [SAR]
- H04L47/431—Assembling or disassembling of packets, e.g. segmentation and reassembly [SAR] using padding or de-padding
Definitions
- Device for adapting the data rate to a physical layer integrated circuit comprising such a device and method, computer program and corresponding storage means
- the present invention relates to a device for adapting data to a physical layer, the adaptation device being intended to be placed between a source device and a communication link.
- the present invention also relates to a method implemented by this adaptation device.
- the present invention also relates to a computer program for implementing the method and storage means storing such a computer program.
- the present invention also relates to an integrated circuit comprising such an adaptation device.
- Traffic shaping mechanisms provide means of controlling the volume of traffic that is sent by a communication device during a given period of time (bandwidth throttling in English or strangling of bandwidth in French) and control the flow maximum to which this traffic can be sent (rate limiting in English). This makes it possible to limit congestions on the communication networks and thus to limit the phenomena of data loss.
- Such traffic shaping mechanisms are implemented in equipment operating at level 2 in the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model, that is to say at the level of the network. link layer in English. This controls the rate of the frames transmitted by the equipment, a frame being a protocol information block corresponding to level 2 in the OSI model.
- OSI Open Systems Interconnection
- the frames being coming from a source device of frames such as for example a switch operating at level 2 in the OSI model
- a processing on these frames by to adapt them to the physical layer used.
- a data adaptation device is then placed between the source device of frames and the communication link.
- the applied treatment adapting the frames for transmission on the communication link, alters the frames by changing their respective sizes.
- processing may for example consist of deleting parity data contained in the frames transmitted by the frame source device.
- Such processing may also include adding a header to the frames transmitted by the frame source device. The impact of this processing in terms of the volume of data to be transmitted therefore depends on the size of the frames transmitted by the frame source device.
- the processing has a proportionally greater impact on the frames, transmitted by the source device of frames, which are of reduced size, than on those of larger size.
- This processing may also be dependent on the quality of service associated with each frame transmitted by the frame source device. The impact of this processing therefore depends more generally on the characteristics of the frames transmitted by the source device of frames.
- Such processing therefore has an impact on the bandwidth consumed for the transmission of these frames on the communication link.
- the rate observed on the communication link therefore does not correspond to the bit rate of the frames transmitted by the source device of frames.
- this observed rate may be variable even when the frame rate transmitted by the frame source device is constant.
- it is the bit rate of the frames transmitted by the source device of frames that is regulated by the mechanism of formatting of the traffic and the throughput on the communication link may then be unsuited to the capabilities of the communication link.
- the commonly adopted solution is to apply a rate limitation considering the worst case, that is when the frames are minimum size - 64 bytes in the case of Ethernet frames, as defined in the IEEE 802.3 standard.
- the bandwidth of the communication link is then underused for larger frames.
- a High Implementation of Adaptive Shaping for Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (by Cameron Braun, Vinai Sirkay, Hugo Uriona, Srini Seetharam, Esmaell Yousefi David Petr, Niehaus Douglas, Victor Frost, Joseph Evans, Gary Minden - Telecommunications & Information Sciences Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Lawrence, Kansas, USA) describes a mechanism for dynamically adapting the bandwidth allocated to devices over time, so as to share the bandwidth of a communication link between these devices.
- a bandwidth allocation for the traffic of a device differs from a bandwidth reservation for the traffic of that device in that the allocated but unused bandwidth is usable for the other traffic. devices.
- the disclosed mechanism measures average flow rate and burst size (bursts) characteristics of the data stream transmitted by each device. By thus determining the behavior of the traffic coming from the devices, it is possible to allocate to each device a bandwidth adapted to the traffic that it generates. However, in the case where the bandwidth is reserved for the traffic transmitted by a device, or in the case where this traffic can occupy the entire bandwidth of a communication link, this mechanism has no effect. The use of the bandwidth for transmitting the traffic generated by the device is then not optimized.
- the invention relates to a device for adaptation to a physical layer of data to be transmitted over a communication link, said adaptation device being intended to be placed between a source device and the communication link, said adaptation device comprising:
- a processing for applying to the received frames, a processing, the implementation of which has the effect of changing variably the rate of data to be transmitted according to at least one characteristic of the received frames.
- the adaptation device further comprises:
- the use of the bandwidth of the communication link is improved.
- the data adaptation device being the particularized element to achieve this objective, an equipment or component available on the shelf can be used as a frame source device, without having to modify it.
- Such equipment or component is for example an Ethernet frame switch.
- said means for applying the processing comprise any means among the following group of means:
- the processing applied by the data adaptation device and consisting in deleting parity data contained in the received frames, has the consequence of modifying the size of the frames received from the source device of frames, and this in order to minimize the bandwidth used on the communication link and thus allow to transmit a larger volume of useful data.
- the processing applied by the data adaptation device, and of adding a header to the received frames has the effect of modifying the size of the frames received from the frame source device, in order to transmit additional information. to a receiver device connected to the communication link.
- the processing applied by the data adaptation device, and of fragmenting received frames into a plurality of frame fragments has the consequence of modifying the size of the frames received from the frame source device, in order to to allow for example their transmission on a logical communication link consisting of a plurality of physical links.
- the adaptation device comprises said memory buffer.
- the means for controlling the bit rate of the received frames comprise:
- the information relating to the filling of the memory buffer being a comparison information between the filling level of the memory buffer and at least two filling thresholds of said buffer
- the means for controlling the bit rate of the received frames comprise:
- the invention can be implemented simply and at low cost.
- the information relating to the filling of the memory buffer being a comparison information between the filling level of the memory buffer and a filling threshold of said buffer
- the means for controlling the bit rate of the frames received include means for transmitting a frame burst request to the source device, said means for transmitting the frame burst request being activated according to said comparison information.
- the invention can be implemented in a simple manner and at a low cost by using for example a flow limitation mechanism based on a bucket of chips.
- the source device is a frame switching device.
- the invention also relates to an integrated circuit comprising such an adaptation device.
- the invention also relates to a method implemented by a device for adaptation to a physical layer of data to be transmitted over a communication link, said adaptation device being intended to be placed between a source device and the communication link, said method comprising steps of:
- the method further comprising the steps of:
- the invention also relates to a computer program, which can be stored on a medium and / or downloaded from a communication network, in order to be read by a computer system or a processor.
- This computer program includes instructions for implementing the method mentioned above, when said program is executed by a computer system or a processor.
- the invention also relates to storage means comprising such a computer program.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a communication system in which a device for adapting data to a physical layer, according to an embodiment of the present invention, is inscribed;
- FIG. 2 illustrates a first algorithm implemented by the data matching device of FIG. 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 illustrates a second algorithm implemented by a data matching device of FIG. 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 illustrates a first example of obtaining information relating to the filling of a memory buffer, according to one embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 5 illustrates a second example of obtaining information relating to the filling of a memory buffer, according to one embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 6 illustrates a third example of obtaining information relating to the filling of a memory buffer, according to one embodiment of the invention.
- Fig. 1 illustrates a communication system in which a data adaptation device according to an embodiment of the present invention is inscribed.
- the communication system of FIG. 1 comprises a transmitting device
- the objective of the invention is not to adapt the bit rate of the data transmitted on the communication link 1.50 to variations in transmission conditions on this link, for example linked to interference.
- the adaptation of the data rate transmitted on the communication link 1.50 to these variations in transmission conditions would be managed by a device outside the scope of the present invention and is therefore not described here.
- the communication link 1.50 can be wired or wireless.
- the communication link 1.50 may be a subset of a communication link of greater capacity.
- the transmitter device 1.51 comprises, connected by a communication bus
- processors a processor, microprocessor, microcontroller (denoted ⁇ ) or CPU (Central Processing Unit in English) 1.7;
- RAM Random Access Memory in English
- a medium storage drive 1.6 such as a CD-ROM drive (for
- the device 1.2 for adapting data to a physical layer is simply called an adaptation device 1.2.
- the transmission module 1.5 is interconnected with the encapsulation module
- the encapsulation module 1.4 is interconnected with the memory buffer 1.3 through a link 1.12.
- the memory buffer 1.3 is interconnected with the adaptation device 1.2 through a link 1.11.
- the adaptation device 1.2 is interconnected with the source device of 1.1 frames through a link 1.10.
- the frame source device 1.1 is optionally interconnected with one or more communication devices (not shown) via a link, a bus or a communication network 1.20.
- the microcontroller 1.7 is capable of executing instructions loaded in the RAM 1.8 from the ROM 1.9, an external memory (not shown), a storage medium, such as a hard disk or a CD-ROM, or a communication network.
- the microcontroller 1.7 is able to read RAM 1.8 instructions and execute them. These instructions form at least one computer program.
- This (these) computer program (s) cause (s) the implementation by the microcontroller 1.7, all or part of the algorithms described below in relation to Figs. 2 and 3.
- All or part of the algorithms described below in relation to FIGS. 2 and 3 can be implemented in software form by executing a set of instructions by a programmable machine, such as a DSP (Digital Signal Processor in English or a Digital Signal Processing Unit in French) or a microcontroller, or be implemented in hardware form by a machine or a dedicated component, such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) or an ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit) to an Application in French).
- a programmable machine such as a DSP (Digital Signal Processor in English or a Digital Signal Processing Unit in French) or a microcontroller
- a machine or a dedicated component such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) or an ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit) to an Application in French).
- the adaptation device 1.2 is included in an integrated circuit 1.53.
- the memory buffer 1.3 may also be included in the integrated circuit 1.53, as shown in FIG. 1. It should be noted that the memory buffer 1.3 can also be included in the adaptation device 1.2.
- the source device of 1.1 frames may not be included in the transmitting device 1.51.
- the frame source device 1.1 is connected to the transmitting device 1.51 via the link 1.10.
- the source device of 1.1 frames is a subnetwork interconnection device, such as a bridge (English bridge) or a switch (switch in English).
- the frame source device 1.1 is then in charge of relaying, to the receiving device 1.52 or communication devices for which the receiver device 1.52 serves as a relay, frames received from communication devices via the link 1.20.
- the source device of 1.1 frames acts at level 2 in the OSI model, that is to say that it operates at the level of the link layer.
- the frame source device 1.1 is a frame generating device.
- the frame source device 1.1 then generates frames to be transmitted to the receiver device 1.52 or to communication devices for which the receiver device 1.52 serves as a relay.
- the source device of 1.1 frames generates Ethernet type frames.
- the frame source device 1.1 is a level 2 switch in the OSI model. More particularly, the source device of 1.1 frames is an Ethernet frame switch.
- the source device of 1.1 frames provides frames, for example of the type
- 1.1 is source of frames from the point of view of the adaptation device 1.2.
- the size of the frames transmitted by the source device of 1.1 frames is variable from one frame to another and is unpredictable.
- the adaptation device 1.2 receives the frames transmitted by the frame source device 1.1 via the link 1.10.
- the adaptation device 1.2 uses the link 1.10 to control the bit rate of the frames transmitted by the frame source device 1.1 to the adaptation device 1.2.
- the source device of 1.1 frames comprises a control module of the shaping controller (English shaping controller) which makes it possible to configure the rate of the frames at the output of the source device of 1.1 frames.
- the interactions between the adaptation device 1.2 and the frame source device 1.1 are more fully described below in relation to FIGS. 2 and 3.
- the adaptation device 1.2 applies a processing on the frames received from the source device of 1.1 frames.
- the processing applied by the adaptation device 1.2 has the effect of varying in a variable manner the data rate to be transmitted as a function of at least one characteristic of the received frames.
- This processing may consist of deleting parity data included in the received frames.
- the adaptation device 1.2 deletes the CRC field (Cyclic Redundancy Code in English) contained in the Ethernet frames.
- the receiving device 1.52 recalculates the data of this field and reincorporates them into the received frame. This makes it possible to reduce the bandwidth consumption on the link 1.50 for the transmission of the frames thus processed.
- this processing consists in adding a header to the frames received from the source device 1.1.
- This header is for example used to communicate additional information, the transmitter device 1.51 to the receiving device 1.52. This header is then deleted by the receiving device 1.52.
- this processing consists of fragmenting frames received from the source device 1.1.
- the frames transmitted on the communication link 1.50 have a predetermined maximum size. If frames received from the source device 1.1 have a size greater than a threshold determined according to this predetermined maximum size, they are fragmented into a plurality of frame fragments. Each of these frame fragments makes it possible to obtain a frame, to be transmitted on the communication link 1.50, of size less than or equal to the predetermined maximum size.
- Such fragmentation can also be used, when the communication link 1.50 is a logical link consisting of several physical links, to transmit the fragments obtained in a distributed manner on the physical links.
- This processing may also be dependent on the quality of service associated with each frame transmitted by the source device of 1.1 frames.
- the predetermined treatments mentioned above can be combined with one another.
- the processing applied by the adaptation device 1.2 therefore has the effect of modifying, in a variable manner, the bit rate of the data to be transmitted as a function of at least one characteristic of the received frames, this characteristic being for example linked to their size or to the quality service they are associated with.
- the adaptation device 1.2 then transmits the processed frames to the memory buffer 1.3 via the link 1.11, so that they are stored there.
- the memory buffer 1.3 makes it possible to store frames of data for transmission on the communication link 1.50.
- the memory buffer 1.3 is of the FIFO type (First-In First Out or English First In First Out).
- the memory buffer 1.3 has a memory access control, which makes it possible to compare the number of data transmitted, or written, by the adaptation device 1.2, and the number of data retrieved, or read, by the data module. encapsulation 1.4.
- the memory buffer 1.3 provides the adaptation device 1.2, through this comparison, information relating to the filling of the memory buffer 1.3.
- This information is then used by the adaptation device 1.2 to control the bit rate of the frames transmitted to it by the source device 1.1.
- the processing, by the adaptation device 1.2, of this information relating to the filling of the memory buffer 1.3 is more fully described below in relation to FIGS. 4-6.
- the encapsulation module 1.4 formats the frames processed and stored in the memory buffer 1.3 for transmission, by the transmission module 1.5 on the communication link 1.50.
- the encapsulation module 1.4 retrieves, or reads, the frames processed from the memory buffer 1.3, at a rate depending on the transmission capacity on the communication link 1.50.
- the transmission module 1.5 informs the encapsulation module 1.4 which retrieves at least one frame processed and stored in the memory buffer 1.3 and which encapsulates the frame or frame (s) recovered.
- This encapsulation consists of placing each frame in a container intended to facilitate, or allow, its transport on the communication link 1.50.
- this encapsulation consists of the addition of a header GFP (Generic Framing Procedure in English or Generic Framing Procedure in French).
- This encapsulation may further consist of the addition of an FCS field (Frame Check Sequence) to enable the receiving device to verify that the frame in question has been received without error.
- GFP Generic Framing Procedure in English or Generic Framing Procedure in French.
- FCS field Fra Check Sequence
- Each frame thus encapsulated is then transmitted by the encapsulation module 1.4 to the transmission module 1.5 via the link 1.13.
- Each frame is then transmitted on the communication link 1.50 by the transmission module 1.5.
- the encapsulation module 1.4 may include a module for modulating the data to be transmitted via the communication link 1.50.
- the receiver device 1.52 comprises, connected by a communication bus
- processors a processor, microprocessor, microcontroller (denoted ⁇ ) or CPU (Central Processing Unit in English) 1.27;
- RAM Random Access Memory in English or Memory
- adaptation device 1.22 the physical layer output data adaptation device 1.22 is simply called adaptation device 1.22.
- the receiving module 1.25 is interconnected with the decapsulation module 1.24 via a link 1.33.
- the de-encapsulation module 1.24 is interconnected with the adaptation device 1.22 through a link 1.31.
- the adaptation device 1.22 is interconnected with the destination device of frames 1.21 through a link 1.30.
- the frame receiving device 1.21 is optionally interconnected with one or more communication devices (not shown) by means of a link, a bus or a communication network 1.40.
- Microcontroller 1.27 is capable of executing instructions loaded into RAM 1.28 from ROM 1.29. When the receiving device 1.52 is turned on, the microcontroller 1.27 is able to read instructions RAM 1.28 and execute them. These instructions form at least one computer program. This computer program (s) causes (s) the implementation, by the microcontroller 1.27, of configuration steps of the adaptation device 1.22, the decapsulation module 1.24 and the reception module 1.25 .
- the frame receiving device 1.21 may not be included in the receiving device 1.52, in the same way that the frame source device 1.1 may not be included in the transmitting device 1.51. In this case, the frame receiving device 1.21 is connected to the receiving device 1.52 via link 1.30.
- the frame receiving device 1.21 is an Ethernet frame switch.
- the receiving module 1.25 receives frames from the transmitting device 1.51 via the communication link 1.50. The receiving module 1.25 then provides these frames to the de-encapsulation module 1.24 via link 1.33.
- the de-encapsulation module 1.24 removes the data that has been added by the encapsulation module 1.4 of the transmitting device 1.51. This withdrawn data can be processed by the de-encapsulation module 1.24 or by the microcontroller 1.27, such as for example to verify that the frame in question has been received without error.
- the de-encapsulation module 1.24 may comprise a module for demodulating the data received via the communication link 1.50.
- the de-encapsulated frames are then transmitted by the encapsulation module 1.24 to the adaptation device 1.22 via the link 1.31.
- the adaptation device 1.22 of the receiving device 1.52 performs the inverse operation of the processing performed by the adaptation device 1.2 of the transmitting device 1.51.
- the adaptation device 1.22 recalculates the deleted parity data and reincorporates them in the frame, in order to reform the original frame, that is to say the frame as it was transmitted by the source device of 1.1 frames.
- the adaptation device 1.22 deletes this header, in order to reform the original frame, and retrieves the information it contains. This recovered data can then be processed by the microcontroller 1.27.
- the adaptation device 1.22 reassembles the fragments, in order to reform the original frame.
- the adaptation device 1.22 then comprises an internal buffer memory which makes it possible to store frame fragments while waiting for all the fragments of the same original frame to have been received.
- the adaptation device 1.22 then transmits the processed frames to the destination device of frames 1.21.
- Fig. 2 illustrates a first algorithm implemented by the adaptation device 1.2 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the adaptation device 1.2 receives frames from the frame source device 1.1.
- the adaptation device 1.2 applies a processing on the received frames, as already described above in relation with FIG. 1.
- the adaptation device 1.2 transmits the processed frames to the memory buffer 1.3.
- Fig. 3 illustrates a second algorithm implemented by the adaptation device 1.2 according to one embodiment of the present invention. This second algorithm proceeds in parallel with the first algorithm described in relation to FIG. 2. However, the steps of these first and second algorithms could be adapted to be executed sequentially.
- the adaptation device 1.2 is configured. This configuration is for example performed by the microcontroller 1.7.
- the configuration of the source device of 1.1 frames may for example be performed through the adaptation device 1.2, or directly by the microcontroller 1.7.
- the adaptation device 1.2 is preferably informed of the initial configuration of the source device of 1.1 frames with respect to the bit rate of the frames that it transmits via the link 1.10. This initial configuration of the source device of 1.1 frames can then be taken into account by the adaptation device 1.2 to control the bit rate of the frames transmitted via the link 1.10.
- Ethernet frames For example, transmission of Ethernet frames by the transmitting device 1.2.
- the adaptation device 1.2 applies a treatment to the frames received from the frame source device 1.1, which consists of removing the CRC field of these Ethernet frames. Four bytes are thus removed by the adaptation device 1.2, for each Ethernet frame.
- encapsulation module 1.4 performs GFP encapsulation of processed frames, which adds 8 bytes to each processed frame.
- the rate D applicable at the output of the source device of frames 1.1 is then, for a frame of size T (in bytes):
- the minimum rate is obtained for Ethernet frames of minimum size. Since the minimum size of the Ethernet frames is 64 bytes, the minimum bit rate D m i n at the output of the source device of frames 1.1 is then:
- the bit rate of the frames transmitted by the source device of 1.1 frames is then initially fixed at this value, which corresponds to the most unfavorable case of use of the bandwidth, that is to say the case where the overhead (overhead in English) related to the processing applied by the adaptation device 1.2 and ⁇ encapsulation performed by the encapsulation module 1.4 is maximum.
- the quantity of frames stored waiting for transmission on the communication link 1.50 is stable if the Ethernet frames transmitted by the device source of 1.1 frames are of size equal to 64 bytes. If the Ethernet frames are larger, the memory buffer 1.3 tends to empty.
- the bandwidth on the communication link 1.50 is in this case under-occupied.
- the encapsulation module may then be required to insert padding data in order to maintain an activity on the communication link 1.50.
- the adaptation device 1.2 optionally carries out a waiting step that a predefined duration has elapsed.
- This waiting step allows the value of the rate of the frames transmitted by the source device of 1.1 frames has its effects on the filling, before being possibly updated.
- the adaptation device 1.2 obtains information relating to the filling of the memory buffer 1.3.
- This information is for example the filling level of the memory buffer 1.3, that is to say the volume of data contained in the memory buffer 1.3.
- This information can also be a filling rate of the memory buffer 1.3, that is to say a percentage of occupation of the memory buffer 1.3.
- This information can also be a comparison information between the filling level of the memory buffer 1.3 and a filling threshold.
- This information can also be a comparison information between the filling level of the memory buffer 1.3 and at least two filling thresholds.
- step 3.4 the adaptation device 1.2 determines, according to the information obtained in step 3.3, whether an adaptation of the frame rate transmitted by the frame source device 1.1 is required. If such an adaptation is required, a step 3.5 is performed; otherwise step 3.2 is repeated.
- step 3.5 the adaptation device 1.2 determines a flow control information of the frames transmitted by the source device of 1.1 frames, depending on the information obtained in step 3.3.
- This control information is intended to compensate for variations in the bit rate of the data to be transmitted introduced by the processing applied in step 2.2, as well as those possibly introduced by the encapsulation module 1.4.
- the adaptation device 1.2 then transmits this rate control information to the frame source device 1.1.
- the adaptation device 1.2 controls the bit rate of the frames transmitted by the source device of frames 1.1, in order to compensate for the variations in flow introduced by the treatment he has applied. Step 3.2 is then repeated.
- Fig. 4 illustrates a first example of obtaining information relating to the filling of the memory buffer 1.3, according to one embodiment of the invention.
- Two thresholds for filling the memory buffer 1.3 are defined: a high threshold
- the filling level 4.3 of the memory buffer 1.3 is compared with these two thresholds.
- the rate of the frames transmitted by the source device of the frames 1.1 must be increased.
- the adaptation device 1.2 must transmit to the source device of the frames 1.1 flow control information accordingly.
- the frame rate transmitted by the frame source device 1.1 must be decreased.
- the adaptation device 1.2 must transmit to the source device of the frames 1.1 flow control information accordingly.
- the filling level 4.3 of the memory buffer 1.3 is greater than or equal to the low threshold 4.2 and less than or equal to the high threshold 4.1, the frame rate transmitted by the frame source device 1.1 is maintained.
- the adaptation device 1.2 thus compares the filling level 4.3 of the memory buffer 1.3 with the high threshold 4.1 and the low threshold 4.2, converts the information resulting from the comparison into a flow control information and transmits this flow control information. to the frame source device 1.1.
- Fig. 5 illustrates a second example of obtaining information relating to the filling of the memory buffer 1.3, according to one embodiment of the invention.
- the rate of the frames transmitted by the source device of 1.1 frames is adjusted proportionally to the level of filling 5.1 of the memory buffer 1.3.
- the adaptation device 1.2 converts the filling level 5.1 of the memory buffer 1.3 into a flow control information aimed at substantially obtaining a predetermined filling level of the memory buffer 1.3 and transmits this flow control information to the frame source device 1.1. .
- Such a method requires that the waiting step 3.2 be of short duration, so as to increase the frequency of the rate checks of the frames transmitted by the source device of 1.1 frames, so as not to cause an overflow of the capabilities of the memory buffer 1.3, from the top (overflow in English) or from the bottom (underflow in English).
- Fig. 6 illustrates a third example of obtaining information relating to the filling of the memory buffer 1.3, according to one embodiment of the invention.
- a threshold 6.3 for filling the memory buffer 1.3 is defined.
- the rate of the frames transmitted by the source device of 1.1 frames is maintained.
- the rate of the frames transmitted by the source device of the frames 1.1 must be temporarily increased.
- the adaptation device 1.2 requires from the source device of the frames 1.1 that a burst of frames is transmitted.
- the size of the required burst must not exceed the size of the space available in the memory buffer 1.3, so as not to cause an overflow of the capacities of the memory buffer 1.3.
- the adaptation device 1.2 therefore decides to transmit this frame burst request to the frame source device 1.1, as a function of a comparison information between the filling level 6.2 of the memory buffer 1.3 and the threshold 6.3.
- Such a method is particularly suitable for formatting the output traffic of the source device 1.1 frames with a bucket of chips (Token Bucket in English), because the burst of frames can be created by filling the bucket with additional tokens corresponding to the length of the desired burst.
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Abstract
Description
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1057365A FR2964816B1 (fr) | 2010-09-15 | 2010-09-15 | Dispositif d'adaptation de debit de donnees a une couche physique, circuit integre comportant un tel dispositif et procede, programme d'ordinateur et moyens de stockage correspondants |
| PCT/EP2011/065783 WO2012034982A1 (fr) | 2010-09-15 | 2011-09-12 | Dispositif d'adaptation de debit de donnees à une couche physique, circuit integre comportant un tel dispositif et procede, programme d'ordinateur et moyens de stockage correspondants |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2617169A1 true EP2617169A1 (fr) | 2013-07-24 |
Family
ID=43858804
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP11754883.4A Withdrawn EP2617169A1 (fr) | 2010-09-15 | 2011-09-12 | Dispositif d'adaptation de debit de donnees à une couche physique, circuit integre comportant un tel dispositif et procede, programme d'ordinateur et moyens de stockage correspondants |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2617169A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2964816B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2012034982A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7515593B2 (en) * | 2003-07-03 | 2009-04-07 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Method and system for efficient flow control for client data frames over GFP across a SONET/SDH transport path |
| KR100569773B1 (ko) * | 2003-12-22 | 2006-04-10 | 한국전자통신연구원 | 이동통신 시스템의 프레임 구성 장치 및 프레임 구성 방법 |
| JP4168059B2 (ja) * | 2006-04-10 | 2008-10-22 | 株式会社日立コミュニケーションテクノロジー | Ponシステムおよび局側装置 |
-
2010
- 2010-09-15 FR FR1057365A patent/FR2964816B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2011
- 2011-09-12 EP EP11754883.4A patent/EP2617169A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-09-12 WO PCT/EP2011/065783 patent/WO2012034982A1/fr not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| None * |
| See also references of WO2012034982A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2964816B1 (fr) | 2012-08-31 |
| WO2012034982A1 (fr) | 2012-03-22 |
| FR2964816A1 (fr) | 2012-03-16 |
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