EP2580831A2

EP2580831A2 - Method for controlling a power supply device

Info

Publication number: EP2580831A2
Application number: EP11725050.6A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Frank Thole
Original assignee: Schueco International KG
Current assignee: Schueco International KG
Priority date: 2010-06-08
Filing date: 2011-06-07
Publication date: 2013-04-17
Also published as: WO2011154387A3; DE102010017277A1; WO2011154387A2

Abstract

A method for controlling a power supply device (1) has the following method steps: determination of a number of rules which are defined in a supply system (3) for the power supply device (1) and which are comprehensively valid for a number of buildings (2a - 2d), ascertainment of a number of parameters and setup or interruption of a power connection between at least one energy source among the number of energy sources (3, 10) and at least one energy consumer among the number of energy consumers (3, 17, 24), on the basis of at least one rule and/or at least one parameter.

Description

Method for controlling a power supply device

The invention relates to a method for controlling a

Power supply device.

In the context of the present invention, a power supply device is understood to mean a device which supplies a load with energy, for example with electrical energy. In the case of the consumer, this can be from a building services equipment of a single-family house to a building services equipment of a commercial building, for example a production hall or an office building.

The complexity of such power supply devices has steadily increased in recent years. New sources of energy, such as photovoltaic (PV) systems, have become increasingly important.

Furthermore, there are far-reaching changes in tariff structures for electrical energy.

In the future, it is to be expected that variable electricity tariffs will also be offered to small consumers. Under a variable electricity tariff becomes a Stromtarif

understood, in which the electricity price for a certain amount of electrical energy varies over time and is adapted, for example, to a power demand or a supply of electricity. Conversely, the use of energy can be adapted to time-changing circumstances. Such a method is known for example from the publication US 2006/0276938 AI. In doing so, energy sources and energy sinks within a building are dependent on various factors, e.g. a temporally changing electricity tariff, an availability of local renewable energy

Energy sources or a weather forecast, activated or operated.

With increasing complexity of power supply devices, the need for methods that control such power supply systems is growing which are able to take account of this complexity and which can increase the efficiency of the entire energy supply device.

The invention provides the method of claim 1 against this background.

Advantageously, such requirements, which an energy provider, for example a power supply company (RU) and a

Energy consumers, such as a resident of a residential building, to a controller in the sense of operating a power supply system, be taken into account in a simple manner.

For this purpose, a method is proposed for controlling a power supply device with a number of energy sources, a number of energy consumers, a number of measuring / counting devices, with communication means and with a control device, which particularly preferably the following

Procedural steps identifies:

Determine a number of rules that exist in a utility network

Energy supply device are defined and which have validity for a plurality of buildings across,

Determining a number of parameters of the power supply device; and

- Establish or interrupt a power connection between

at least one energy source of the number of energy sources with at least one energy consumer of the number of energy consumers, depending on at least one rule and / or at least one

Parameter.

The fact that rules are defined in the supply network, which apply not only for a building, but for several buildings across, by establishing or interrupting the power connection between the at least one energy source and the at least one energy consumer, a building-wide energy redistribution within the

Energy supply network can be achieved. For example, a plurality of buildings in a period in which, for example, an oversupply of energy, such as electrical energy and in particular regenerative electrical energy, prevails, are used as energy storage. In this way, it is possible in a simple manner to use an oversupply of regenerative energy, for example, on a particularly windy day (wind energy), nevertheless meaningful. The

Storage of the energy can be stored in the form of electrical energy, in the form of thermal energy (heat, cold) or otherwise (for example pressure). Electrical energy may be provided in separate rechargeable batteries (rechargeable batteries) provided in the buildings, but also in rechargeable batteries of buildings associated with such equipment as e.g. Cars, especially electric cars, or laptops.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are given in the dependent claims. In the following, the invention will be described with reference to the attached

Drawings described in more detail. Show it:

Fig. 1 by way of example a schematic representation of a

Power supply device and

Fig. 2 by way of example a schematic representation of another

Power supply device.

Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a power supply device 1, which serves the supply of buildings 2 (for example, residential and commercial buildings) with energy. For this purpose, the power supply device 1 a

Supply network 3, for example one of a

Electricity supply company (RU) operated public electricity grid. For better representability, only one building 2 is shown here. About a symbolically represented electrical connection, which is designed as required one or more phases, the supply network 3 with a

Mes s / counter 5 connected. The measuring / counting device 5 is designed to grasp amounts of energy that are taken from the supply network 3 [Σ Wh (-)] and amounts of energy that are fed into the supply network 3 [Σ Wh (-)] to capture in detail and, for example, also Lei stungs courses in detail too capture and save for later evaluation. such

Mes s / counters 5 are also referred to as "smart meter".

Accordingly, the network 3 may be referred to as both an energy source (providing electrical energy) and an energy consumer (receiving electrical energy).

Furthermore, the measuring / counting device 5 is shown symbolically

Connections 6, 8 and a switching device 7, for example via a contactor, with a central transfer point 9, for example a

Busbar system in a control cabinet, not shown, connected in building 2.

Also connected to the central transfer point is a photovoltaic system 10 (PV system) with a PV generator 11, an inverter 12 and a system counter 13 for detecting the electrical energy generated by the PV system. The electrical energy generated by the PV generator passes through a symbolically represented connection 14 to the inverter 12, where it is converted according to the given requirements and via a

symbolically shown electrical connection 15 directed to the system counter. This in turn is connected by means of a symbolically illustrated electrical connection 16 to the central transfer point 9.

Shown is also a chiller 17 for providing cooling capacity, which is required for example for cooling and / or air conditioning tasks in the building 2. To power the chiller 17 this is symbolically represented by electrical connections 18, 19 and a switching device 20, such as a contactor, connected to the central transfer point 9. The chiller is associated with a cold storage 21. With this is the

Chiller 17 connected via a cooling line 22 shown symbolically. In this way, for example, a cooled by the chiller medium for later use be cached. About a symbolically shown refrigerant line 23, the cooled medium can be removed from the memory and, if necessary, not shown refrigeration technical

Facilities in building 2 will be forwarded. Also shown is a heat pump (WP) 24 (eg, an air-to-air heat pump). To power the heat pump 24, this is symbolically represented by electrical lines 25, 26 and a

Switching device 27, such as a contactor, connected to the central transfer point 9. The heat pump 24 is associated with a heat accumulator 28 and connected via a symbolically shown heat conduction of the WP 24. in the

Heat storage 28, a heated by the heat pump 24 medium for use at a later date are cached. The heated medium can via a heat pipe 30 shown symbolically to not shown heat engineering equipment (for example, facilities for water heating and / or facilities with heating tasks) of the

Building 2 forwarded. The WP 24 may be associated with a further memory, for example, an earth heat storage 31. This can also heat through a symbolically shown 32 heat to

Caching be supplied. Furthermore, the

Geothermal heat storage 31 are removed via a symbolically shown heat pipe 33 heat and not shown heat engineering equipment in the building 2 are supplied. In order to keep the figure 1 as clearly as possible, for example mixers, valves and many other necessary to the function of the device 1 elements are not shown, but that these are required, the skilled person is aware and will therefore not be further elaborated at this point. Of course, at the central transfer point 9 also other, not shown, electrical consumers of the building 2 are connected, for example, lighting devices, household appliances, etc. These additional electrical consumers can also be designed individually switchable via switching devices, not shown.

Furthermore, at the central transfer point 9 further, not shown,

Energy sources, such as wind or hydro power plants are connected. Of course, these additional energy sources also individually or in groups on switching elements, not shown switchable to the be connected to the central transfer point 9. Furthermore, the additional energy sources individually or in groups with not shown

Measuring / counting devices to detect delivered amounts of energy. All components of the power supply device 1 point

Communication means (not shown). By means of these communication means all components are able to exchange data with each other. Such data exchange takes place via data connections, not shown, for example via wireless and / or wired and / or optical

Data connections. Also via lines that are primarily intended for the transmission of electrical power, a data communication can take place. The data to be exchanged are manifold and can u. A. readings,

Set values, on / off signals and / or status messages have. The control of the device 1 is from a non-illustrated

Assumed control device, this can be arranged in a building to be supplied with energy 2 or at an operator of the network 3. Furthermore, the control device can also have several parts of which a first group, for example, in an operator of the network 3 and a second group not at the operator of the network 3, for example, in the building 2, are arranged.

As stated above, of course, the control device, or the individual parts of the control device, so equipped that between the

Control device and all components of the power supply device 1 data communication can take place.

The following is the basic principle of controlling the

Power supply device 1 explained by means of rules using examples of rules.

Thus, a measure for the control of the energy supply device 1 can be to only start the WP 24 when the price for the electrical energy required for this purpose, which may possibly be taken from the network 3, falls below a certain value in [ € / kWh]. Then the rule to be established is For example, in the control device (or in a part of the control device) can be deposited: Establish a power connection of the energy consumer WP 24 with the power source network 3, if a parameter electricity price [€ / kWh] under a certain value X _MAX egt. The control device constantly determines the number of required parameters, here "current electricity price" and the value X _MAX - Is (are) the condition (s) of this rule fulfilled, sends the

Control device via the data communication means a control signal "ON" - for the production of a power connection between the power source network 3 and the power consumer WP 24 - to the switching device 27 and sets the WP 24 so in operation.

Again another requirement for the operation of the

Power supply device 1 may be to operate the WP 24 only when the PV system 10 provides the required electrical energy. The rule to be defined is: Establish a power connection between the energy consumer WP 24 and the energy source PV system 10 when the electrical energy required for the operation of the WP 24 can be provided by the PV system 10. The control device continuously determines the required parameters "energy supplied by the PV system" and "energy required for the operation of the WP 24" and sends, if the condition (s) this rule is fulfilled, via the data communication means a control signal " A "- for the production of a power connection between the power source network 3 and the power consumer WP 24 - to the switching device 27 and sets the WP 24 so in operation.

Further requirements may arise due to the offered tariffs. So it is conceivable that, for example, high and low tariffs are offered for heat pumps. For a power supply company, there are advantages in terms of load distribution with such a tariff. In times when there is a low demand for electrical energy, electric energy is offered at a low tariff, for example at night. So results for the

Energy supply equalization of energy supply. In such a case, a rule is: "Establish a power connection between the WP 24 and the network 3 when a low rate is valid." Control device then operates according to the above

Versions.

To avoid high costs, another rule may be: "Do not establish a power connection between an energy consumer and a power source when a high rate is valid." For example, the WP 24 may be prevented from being turned on during a high tariff period, such as a In the course of the expected changes, complex tariff structures will increasingly be offered (see Leipzig Electricity Exchange), where variable electricity prices are also available to small consumers, for example to operators of

to expect technical installations in detached houses. These are tariffs in which no fixed electricity price can be allocated to a particular point in time or a certain period of time, but rather dynamically because of the prevailing conditions in the electricity market

Power supply device 1 determines, for example, by an offer to and a demand for electrical energy. By means of the method, rules can also be defined for these tariffs, which stipulate, for example, that the operation of the refrigerating machine 17 takes place only when the electricity price moves within a certain range.

For certain energy sources, for example for a PV system 10, the operator of these systems, for example the building owner, receives a so-called feed-in tariff. This is the payment of a certain amount that the operator receives for every kilowatt-hour of electrical energy that his PV system 10 has fed into grid 3. The amount of

Feed-in tariff is usually higher than the price that the operator has to pay for electricity that he receives from grid 3. It may therefore be useful to define a rule that gives the feed of PV power generated by the PV system 10 over the self-consumption over this energy and, for example, to dispense with the operation of certain energy consumers. Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the method according to the invention. Shown is a supply network 3 and a connection system 34 with electrical connections to which a plurality of buildings 2 a - 2 d is connected to the network 3. In such an arrangement, rules are defined according to the invention, which apply not only to a building, but for several buildings across. For example, a number of buildings 2a-2d may be used as energy storage in a period of time when there is a surplus of electrical energy. For example, the room temperature in this number of

Buildings are raised slightly, although this is from the climatic

Conditions would not be required. In a subsequent period, during which there may then be a high demand for electrical energy, the room temperature is lowered again. For example, rules governing such behavior may be part of the controller

be implemented, the RU side is arranged.

The invention is not limited to the described embodiments, which can be modified in many ways. In particular, it is possible to carry out the mentioned features in combinations other than those mentioned.

It is conceivable in particular rules by logical "AND" or "OR"

Furthermore, groups of rules, which in turn are already defined by a combination of individual rules, can be further combined / combined with another set of rules or with a single rule.

Furthermore, it is also possible for the method according to the invention to be applicable to devices which are operated at least temporarily in an island operating mode. In this case, the switching device 7 is opened.

Of course, the inventive method is not limited to electrical power supply facilities. It can also be applied to facilities where gas networks, heat networks (for example, local and District heating networks) and water networks are used. A corresponding adaptation of the parameters and rules is then to be made.

Claims

claims

A method of controlling a power supply device (1) comprising a number of power sources (3, 10), a number of power consumers (3, 17, 24), a number of meters / counters (5, 13)

Communication means and with control means, comprising the steps of: a) determining a number of rules defined in a supply network (3) of the energy supply device (1) and which apply across a number of buildings (2a-2d); b) determining a number of parameters; c) establishing or interrupting a power connection between at least one energy source of the number of energy sources with at least one energy consumer of the number of energy consumers, depending on at least one rule and / or at least one

Parameter.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a rule

is applied, after which the production or the interruption of a power connection takes place when an electricity price parameter falls below or exceeds a predeterminable value.

3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 2, characterized

characterized in that a rule is applied, according to which the production or the interruption of a power connection takes place when an electricity price parameter is within a predeterminable range.

4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterized

characterized in that a rule is used according to which the production or the interruption of a power connection takes place taking into account a feed-in compensation parameter.

Method according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a rule is used according to which the production or the interruption of a power connection takes place when an energy source (10) is able or unable to to provide a specific service.

6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterized

characterized in that a number of rules are linked with a logical "AND" link.

7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 6, characterized

characterized in that a number of rules are associated with a logical "OR" link.

8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 7, characterized

characterized in that a number of the buildings (2a - 2d) is used as an energy store in a period in which there is an oversupply of energy.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that a number of buildings (2a - 2d) in a period in which an oversupply

electrical energy, in particular regenerative electrical energy prevails when energy storage is used.