EP2535277B1 - Apparatus and method for producing explosives containing fuse - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a portioning and packaging device for the production of detonating explosives and a method thereof according to the preambles of claims 1 and 15. In particular, the invention relates to a portioning and packaging device for producing detonator-containing disintegrant, which includes: a conveyor for the Explosive comprising a pump for generating a volumetric flow of explosive, a stuffing tube connected to the conveyor and arranged to provide a supply of a tubular wrapping to be removable from the stuffing tube with the explosive ejected through the stuffing tube and downstream of the filling tube Filling tube arranged closing device which is adapted to constrict the filled packaging casing during the filling process locally to a hose braid and with at least one closure means to the Schlauc to close the braid. Furthermore, the invention relates in particular to a method for the production of detonator-containing disintegrants comprising the steps of: generating a volumetric flow of explosive by means of a pump having a conveyor, providing a supply of a tubular packaging casing on a filling tube connected to the conveyor, ejecting the explosive volume flow through the filling tube in the tubular packaging casing and closing the tubular packaging casing by a closing device arranged downstream of the filling tube by constricting the tubular packaging casing and then setting at least one closure means.

For sausage-shaped packaging of flowable, present in liquid, pasty or granular form filling material, such as sausage meat, sealant, explosives, etc., it is known in practice that the filling material is fed from a filling machine via a filling tube of a clip machine. In the clipping machine, the filling material is filled into a tube-shaped packaging casing material closed on one side by a first clip, and the tubular packaging casing material is closed by setting a second clip. The closing tools comprise in pairs in each case a punch and a die between which the clip is deformed during the closing until reaching the minimum distance of the closing tools. After closing, the closing tools are moved back into their initial or open position. Subsequently, the resulting wurstförmige product is separated from the supply of the remaining packaging casing material and discharged the finished product from the clip machine. The tube-shaped packaging casing material can be pre-assembled before the filling process as a shirred hose from the mouth side onto the filling tube or it can be formed from a flat material, which is bent around the filling tube during the filling process and then at the contacting longitudinal edges to a hose, for example is joined by heat sealing.

Such a device and a method carried out with this device are, for example, from DE-Offenlegungsschrift 10 2005 044 877 A1 known. There sausage meat for the production of sausage products is filled into tubular packaging. However, it is likewise possible to fill viscous or granular explosives into tubular packaging casings on the device mentioned.

Furthermore, from the DE-Offenlegungsschrift 23 09 339 an apparatus and a method for the production of so-called slurry explosives in rod form known. Here also a flat material is folded around a stuffing tube to a tube. The contacting longitudinal edges are connected by means of an adhesive tape. The filled with liquid or granular explosive hose is closed with metal clips.

The GB patent 1,350,870 discloses a method and apparatus for packaging explosive components. The packaging device comprises a reservoir with a level control. The device further comprises a filling pump and a four-way valve. With the outlets of the four-way valve filling tubes are connected, on which packaging tube material is stored. The tubular packaging tube material filled with the explosive component is wound onto a take-up roll positioned downstream of the fill tubes.

From the DE-Offenlegungsschrift 28 04 191 shows a method and an apparatus for the mechanized production of sausage-in-lake bags. The device comprises a vertically aligned filler neck, on which a grooved plastic round tube is pushed. Downstream of the filler neck, a clip device is provided which closes the plastic round tube by means of clips. At the upper end of the filling opens laterally in this line, which is filled during the filling brine in the filler neck. Bundled sausages are introduced into the filler neck at the upper end of the filling nozzle.

Such explosive packages (hereinafter disintegrators) made, for example, by means of the aforesaid apparatuses and methods are used, for example, in rock blasting where they are brought into suitably prepared wells. However, these explosives are usually difficult to ignite for safety reasons. For this purpose, the usual way aids are needed, such as detonators or detonating cords (hereinafter detonator). These are usually attached locally to the explosive or introduced into this.

Especially with pasty or liquid explosives, so-called explosive sludge, but also with very fine-grained granular explosives, which are packaged in tubular casings, there is a risk that the packaging casing is damaged when inserting a primer or detonating cord and a part of the explosive contained denies. Since the amount of explosives is usually calculated very accurately, this can affect the result of the blasting. Furthermore, the leaked explosives is a danger.

Based on this, it is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and a method for the production of disintegrants, which overcome the aforementioned disadvantages and avoid damage to the disintegrating means, especially when attaching the ignition means.

The above object is achieved with respect to the device by the features of claim 1. In the subsequent claims 2 to 14 are advantageous embodiments of the device according to the invention.

In particular, a portioning and packaging device for producing explosive-containing explosive devices with a delivery device for the explosive is proposed which includes a pump for generating a volume flow. The device according to the invention further comprises a filling pipe connected to the conveying device, which is set up to provide a supply of a tubular packaging casing so that it can be pulled off the filling pipe with the explosive ejected through the filling pipe, and a closing device arranged downstream of the filling pipe is to constrict the filled packaging casing during the filling process locally to a hose braid and with at least one closure means to close the hose braid.

The filling tube has an insertion means which is set up to introduce an ignition means into the disintegrating means. In this way, damage to the packaging wrapper can be avoided by subsequent insertion of an ignition means.

Since the introduction means is an at least partially coaxial in the filling tube extending supply pipe, with a first, lying outside the filling tube orifice, which extends from the entry point into the filling tube in the direction of the Füllrohrmündung, the ignition can be placed during the filling of Schlauchauchmigen packaging in the middle ,

In order to keep the flow resistance of the feed pipe as low as possible, it is advantageous if the diameter of the at least partially coaxial feed pipe extending in the filling tube is preferably at least a factor of 3 smaller than the diameter of the filling tube.

If the feed tube enters the fill tube in a region between the feed device and the fill tube orifice, the fill tube can be connected to any suitable conveyor device,

In an advantageous embodiment of the extending coaxially in the filling tube section of the feed tube opens within the filling tube, so that the exiting in the filling tube ignition is carried by flowing into the tubular packaging explosive.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the coaxially extending in the filling tube portion of the feed tube projects out of the mouth of the filling tube. This allows, at least at the beginning of the filling process, easy insertion of the ignition means and control of the ignition means. Furthermore, it is ensured that the ignition means extends at least approximately through the entire length of the explosive means.

If the feed tube has at least one change of direction in the region of the entry point into the fill tube, the construction of the device according to the invention can be simplified in such a way that a supply of ignition means can be supplied from almost any position.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the filling tube to a change in direction, whereby the direction change in the feed tube can be reduced or omitted.

It is also advantageous if the filling tube has a first Füllrohrabschnitt and a second, parallel to the first Füllrohrabschnitt Füllrohrabschnitt and a third Füllrohrabschnitt which connects the first and second Füllrohrabschnitt together and whose central axis intersects the central axes of the first and second Füllrohrabschnitts. As a result, the feed tube can enter the third filling tube section in such a way that it runs coaxially with the first filling tube section. By this arrangement, a change in direction in the feed tube for the ignition is no longer necessary and the ignition is spared, since an additional burden of bending is eliminated.

A feed tube as an introduction means is particularly suitable when the ignition means is a detonating cord, of which a reserve is advantageously provided in the region of the filling tube.

If the ignition means can be fixed by the closure means in the sausage-shaped packaging, it is further ensured that this is also removed from its supply during the filling of the explosive by removing the packaging casing from the filling tube and the entire disintegrant pervades. Alternatively, the stock may also have a drive and so realize the explosives advance.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the ignition means in the region of the fixation is accessible from the outside. As a result, they can be contacted from the outside without opening the packaging casing, whereby their damage is avoided.

With regard to the method for producing detonating agent containing explosive, the above object is achieved by the features of claim 15. In the subsequent claims 16 to 19 are advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention.

It should be noted that this method realizes the same advantages as the aforementioned advantages of the portioning and packaging device according to the invention.

Fig. 1

schematisch eine Seitenansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäße Portionier- und Verpackungsvorrichtung zeigt; und

Fig. 2

eine weitere Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Portionier- und Verpackungsvorrichtung zeigt.

Embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawing figures. The terms "top", "bottom", "left" and "right" used in the description of the embodiment refer to the drawing figures in an orientation with normally readable reference numerals and figure names, in which:

Fig. 1

schematically shows a side view of a first embodiment of the portioning and packaging apparatus according to the invention; and

Fig. 2

shows a further embodiment of the portioning and packaging device according to the invention.

Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a portioning and packaging device according to the invention. This has a conveyor 10 for the packaged explosives. The conveyor 10 is preferably a matched to the nature and consistency of the explosive pump to be filled, the explosives in Füllausstoßrichtung F, ie in Fig. 1 and 2 promotes right. In Füllausstoßrichtung F is connected to the conveyor 10, a circular cross-section exhibiting filling tube 20. The connection, not shown, of the filling tube 20 with the conveyor 10 can be realized for example by means of a union nut.

Next in Füllausstoßrichtung F immediately behind the mouth opening of the filling tube 20, a schematic clip machine is arranged, of which only the displacer unit 30 is shown.

On the downstream end of the conveyor 10 lying, muzzle-side end of the filling tube 20, a supply of tubular packaging wrapper V is arranged and closed immediately before the mouth opening of the filling tube 20 in by a first closure clip C1. Next in Füllausstoßrichtung F downstream of this closure clips C1 is a second closure clip C2 on the created by the displacer unit 30 plush Z free of the tubular packaging V arranged. This closes the end of the previously completed explosive W.

Between the conveyor 10 and the arranged on the filling tube 20 stock of tubular wrapping V, a feed tube 40 is attached to the filling tube 20. The feed tube 40 has an annular cross-section. Its diameter is preferably smaller by a factor of 3 than that of the filling tube 20. In the illustrated embodiment, the feed tube is angled at approximately 90 °. It has a first leg 42, which is aligned within the filling tube 20 coaxial with this, preferably along its not-shown central longitudinal axis. A second leg 44 of the feed tube 40 is aligned perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis of the filling tube 20. Its central longitudinal axis intersects the central longitudinal axis of the filling tube 20. The feed tube 40 is further aligned so that the mouth opening 46 of the first leg 42 points in the filling direction F. At the point of passage D of the feed tube 40 through the wall of the filling tube 20 a suitable seal is provided, for example, a welded or glued seam. The feed tube 40 may consist of the same material as the filling tube 20. However, it may also consist of a different material as long as the secure and tight connection to the filling tube 20 can be ensured.

Above the filling tube 20 is in the region of the feed tube 40, a supply of ignition means, here detonating cord S, provided on a supply roll R. The detonating cord S withdrawn from the roll R is guided into the feed tube 40 through the mouth 48 of the second leg 44 and leaves it through the mouth 46 of the first leg 42 of the feed tube 40 located in the filling tube 20. The coaxial with the filling tube 20 and in this Running detonating cord S extends through the filling material-free pigtail Z in the previously completed sausage-shaped explosive W. It is jammed in the closure clips C1, C2 and held so in the region of the filling material Z free.

In the Fig. 2 shown embodiment of the portioning and packaging device according to the invention differs from that based on the Fig. 1 described in the form of the filling tube 120 and the feed tube 140. The filling tube 120 is, as well as the filling tube 20 accordingly Fig.1 , connected to a conveyor 10, not shown, by means of which the explosive to be filled is conveyed through the filling tube 120.

The filling tube 120 has a first section 122, a second section 124 and a third section 126. The sections 122 and 124 are arranged parallel to the axis at a distance from each other. The third Füllrohrabschnitt 126 connects the first and second sections 122, 124 together. Its central longitudinal axis intersects the central longitudinal axes of the first and second sections 122, 124. By this arrangement of the Füllrohrabschnitte 122, 124, 126, the filling tube 120 receives an S- or Z-shaped step. The in Fig. 2 However, according to the consistency of the explosive to be filled and to change its flow behavior shown step angle of about 90 ° may be greater than 90 °.

In the embodiment of the portioning and packaging device according to the invention according to the Fig. 2 used feed tube 140 has a with the feed tube 40 of the Fig. 1 comparable diameter. It is not unwound, but extends linearly and coaxially to the central longitudinal axis of the first Füllrohrabschnitts 122. Its axial length is greater than that of the first Füllrohrabschnitts 122. The feed tube 140 extends through the entire first Füllrohrabschnitt 122. It occurs in the connecting region of the first Füllrohrabschnitts 122 with the third Füllrohrabschnitt 126 in the filling tube 120 and extends into the region between the mouth of the filling tube 120 and the clip machine.

In Füllausstoßrichtung F immediately behind the mouth opening of the filling tube 120, a clip machine is also arranged, the displacer unit 30 is shown.

Also on the mouth-side end of the filling tube 120, a supply of tubular packaging wrapper V is arranged and closed immediately before the mouth opening of the filling tube 120 by a first closure clip C1. Next in Füllausstoßrichtung F downstream of this closure clips C1 is a second closure clip C2 on the created by the displacer unit 30 plush Z free of the tubular packaging V arranged. This closes the end of the previously completed explosive S.

The supply of ignition means S, which is formed by a detonating cord S, is arranged in this embodiment below the filling tube in a region between the S- or Z-shaped step of the filling tube 120 and the conveyor not shown, so that the withdrawn from the supply roll R detonating cord S without additional deflection in the mouth 148 of the feed tube 140 can be performed. The detonating cord S then runs straight and coaxial with the first Füllrohrabschnitt 122 through the feed tube 140 and passes through its pointing in Füllausstoßrichtung mouth 146 between the mouth of the filling tube 120 and the Clipmaschineaus, directly into the area of first clips C1. The detonating cord S passes through the filling material-free braid and is, as already in connection with Fig. 1 explained in the closure clips C1, C2 clamped and held by these.

The preparation of the detonating agent containing detonating agents according to the invention will be explained in detail below. By means of the conveyor 10, the explosive to be filled is conveyed through the filling tube 20, 120. At the mouth opening facing away from the conveyor, the explosive exits from the filling tube 20, 120 and is thus filled into a section of the tubular packaging envelope V which is closed on one side by a closure clip C1. By the filling pressure further tubular packaging casing V is withdrawn from the supply on the filling tube 20, 120. If the desired amount of explosive is filled in the one-sided sealed portion of the tubular packaging wrapper V, the further supply of explosives is interrupted. The displacer unit 30 of the clip machine stacks the filled packaging casing V immediately before the filling pipe mouth. By spreading the displacer unit 30, a filler-free braid Z is formed. On this pigtail Z, a second closure clip C2 is set, which closes the unilaterally closed and filled portion of the tubular packaging wrapper V, thus completing the sausage-shaped disintegrant W. Simultaneously or subsequently, a new first closure clip C1 is placed on the filling material-free Z braid Z, which forms the initial tab for the next sausage-shaped disintegrant W. Finally, the just completed explosive W is separated by means of a suitable separator from the new beginning tab and discharged from the packaging device.

Before the beginning of the filling process, detonating cord S is first led outwards via the feed tube 40, 140 through the mouth of the filling tube 20, 120 and into clamped the first closure clip C1. During transport of the explosive through the filling tube 20, 120 Sprengschnur S is promoted through the filling tube 20, 120 in the tubular packaging casing V together with the explosive. When closing the packaging casing section V which has just been filled, the detonating cord S is automatically clamped in the first and second closing clips C1, C2.

The detonating cord S clamped in the first closure clip C1 is withdrawn from the supply roll R at the same speed as the packaging envelope V from its supply. Therefore, it is ensured that the detonating cord without kinks runs straight through the explosive W.

However, a suitable braking device may also be provided on the supply roll R of the detonating cord S in order to prevent an uncontrolled unwinding of the detonating cord S.

In order to be able to contact the detonating cord S simply and safely at the completed explosive means W, it is possible to increase the filling material-free braid Z to the required length by means of a larger spreading of the displacer unit 30. Since the detonating agent of the explosive W is usually to be connected only on one side, it can further be provided not to separate the filling material-free braid centrally between the clips C1, C2, but closer to one of the clips, resulting in a shorter and a longer section.

In the illustrated embodiments, a supply of tubular packaging wrapper V is mounted on the mouth-side portion of the filling tube 20, 120. Of course, it is possible to form a tubular packaging wrapper from a flat material, which is bent around the filling tube 20, 120 during the filling process and then connected to a contacting tube at the contacting longitudinal edges.

Furthermore, the supply of ignition means may have a suitable drive. In this case, if, for example, the detonating cord S has sufficient rigidity, it can be advanced by the drive in the direction of filling ejection F. become. If the ignition means S pasty or powdery, the drive is formed by a suitable pump.

The propellant supply may be appropriately synchronized with the explosive delivery means to ensure uniform delivery of ignition means.

Claims (19)

1. The portioning and packaging device for the production of explosives (W) containing a detonation means (S), comprising
   a conveying means (10) for the explosive, said conveying means having a pump for generating a volumetric flow;
   a stuffing horn (20, 120) connected to said conveying means (10), said stuffing horn being adapted to provide a supply of a tubular casing (V) such that said casing can be drawn from the stuffing horn (20, 120) along with the explosive discharged from the stuffing horn (20, 120);
   a closure unit disposed downstream from the stuffing horn (20, 120), said closure unit being adapted to constrict the stuffed casing (V) locally during stuffing to form a gathered end (Z) and to close the stuffed casing with at least one closure means (C1, C2) placed around the gathered end (Z);
   characterised in that the stuffing horn (20, 120) includes an insertion means (40, 140) which is adapted to insert a detonation means (S) into the explosive (W) and which is a feeder tube (40) extending coaxially inside the stuffing horn (20, 120), at least in sections thereof, and having a first opening (48, 148) located outside the stuffing horn (20).
2. The portioning and packaging device according to claim 1,
   characterised in that the diameter of the feeder tube (40, 140) extending coaxially inside the stuffing horn (20, 120), at least in sections thereof, is preferably smaller by a factor of at least three than the diameter of the stuffing horn (20, 120).
3. The portioning and packaging device according to any one of claims 1 and 2,
   characterised in that the feeder tube (40, 140) enters the stuffing horn (20, 120) in a region between the conveying means (10) and the outlet of the stuffing horn (20, 120).
4. The portioning and packaging device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
   characterised in that the section of the feeder tube (40, 140) extending coaxially inside the stuffing horn (20, 120) extends from the point of entry (D) in the stuffing horn (20, 120) in the direction of the stuffing horn outlet.
5. The portioning and packaging device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
   characterised in that the section of the feeder tube (40) extending coaxially inside the stuffing horn (20) ends inside the stuffing horn (20).
6. The portioning and packaging device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
   characterised in that the section of the feeder tube (140) extending coaxially inside the stuffing horn (120) projects from the outlet of the stuffing horn (120).
7. The portioning and packaging device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
   characterised in that the feeder tube (40) changes direction at least once in the region of its point of entry (D) into the stuffing horn (20).
8. The portioning and packaging device according to claims 1 to 7,
   characterised in that the stuffing horn (120) has one change of direction.
9. The portioning and packaging device according to claim 8,
   characterised in that the stuffing horn (120) includes a first stuffing horn section (122) and a second stuffing horn section (124) axially parallel to the first stuffing horn section, and a third stuffing horn section (126) which connects the first and second stuffing horn sections (122, 124) to each other and whose centre axis intersects the centre axes of the first and second stuffing horn sections (122, 124).
10. The portioning and packaging device according to claims 8 and 9,
    characterised in that the feeder tube (140) enters the third stuffing horn section (126) in such a way that it extends coaxially with the first stuffing horn section (122).
11. The portioning and packaging device according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
    characterised in that a supply of detonation means (S) is provided in the region of the stuffing horn (20, 120).
12. The portioning and packaging device according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
    characterised in that the detonation means (S) can be fixed in place by the closure means (C1, C2) in the sausage-shaped packaging (W).
13. The portioning and packaging device according to claim 12,
    characterised in that the detonation means (S) is externally accessible in the region where it is fixed in place.
14. The portioning and packaging device according to claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the detonation means (S) can be fed simultaneously with the explosive into the tubular packaging (V).
15. A method for producing explosives that include a detonation means, comprising the steps of:

    - generating a volumetric flow of explosive by means of a conveying means (10) having a pump;

    - providing a supply of a tubular casing (V) to a stuffing horn (20, 120) connected to the conveying means (F);

    - discharging the volumetric flow of explosive through the stuffing horn (20, 120) into the tubular casing (V);

    - closing the tubular casing (V) by means of the closure device disposed downstream from the stuffing horn (20, 120), by constricting the tubular casing (V) and subsequently applying at least one closure means (C1, C2);

    characterised in that a detonation means is inserted by an insertion means (40, 140) coaxially into the explosive inside the stuffing horn (20, 120).
16. The method according to claim 15,
    characterised in that the detonation means is a fuse (S).
17. The method according to claim 16,
    characterised in that the fuse (S) is fixed in place inside the sausage-shaped packaging (W) by the closure means (C1, C2).
18. A method according to claims 16 and 17,
    characterised in that the fuse (S) is fed simultaneously with the explosive into the tubular packaging (V).
19. A method according to claims 16 to 18,
    characterised in that at least one portion of the fuse (S) projects from the tubular packaging (V) at at least one end thereof.

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